Knowledge 1

Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

1. When two capacitors of capacitance C
1
and C
2
are connected in series, the net capacitance is 3 F; when
connected in parallel its value is 16 F. Calculate value of C
1
and C
2
.
2. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance of 8 pF. The separation between
the plates is now reduced by half and the space between them is filled with a medium of dielectric
constant 5. Calculate the value of capacitance in the second case.
3. Two dielectric slabs of dielectric constants K
1
and K
2
are filled in between the two plates, each of area
A, of the parallel plate capacitor as shown in the Fig. Find the net capacitance of the capacitor.
4. Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor C in the Fig., if the equivalent capacitance of the combination
between A and B is 15 F.
10F
10F
C
B
A
Fig.
5. Derive an expression for the electric potential at a point due to a group of n discrete point charges.
6. Calculate the electric potential at the centre of a square, of side
2
m, having charges 100 C, 50 C,
20 C and 60 C at the four corners of this square.
7. Give the dependenc of electrostatic potential due to a small electric dipole at a far off point lying on
(i) the axial line, (ii) the equatorial line.
8. Define capacitance of a capacitor. Give its SI unit. Prove the total electrostatic energy stored in a parallel
plate capacitor is
1
2
CV
2
.
9. Deduce an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as the medium between
the plates.
10. What is an equipotential surface?
A uniform electric field E

of 300 NC
1
is directed along PQ. A, B and C three points in the field having
x and y coordinates (in metre) as shown in the figure. Calculate potential difference between the points
(i) A and B, and (ii) B and C.
A(4, 1)
B(4, 4)
P
x x'
y
y'
C(3, 4)
E
Fig.
2 Knowledge
11. A parallel plate capacitor of plate separation d is charged to a potential difference AV. Adielectric slab
of thickness d and dielectric constant K is introduced between the plates while the battery remains
connected to plates.
(i) Find the ratio of energy stored in the capacitor after and before the dielectric is introduced. Give the
physical explanation for this change in stored energy.
(ii) What happens to the charge on the capacitor?
12. Aparallel plate capacitor with each plate of area A and separation d is charged to a potential difference
V. The battery used to charge it is then disconnected. A dielectric slab of thickness d and dielectric
constant K is now placed between the plates. What change, if any, will take place in
(i) charge on the plates ?
(ii) electric field intensity between the plates ?
(iii) capacitance of the capacitor ?
Justify your answer in each case.
13. Find theequivalent capacitance between the points A and B of the given combination of capacitors
A B
20F
10F
100F
10F 5F
Fig.
If a battery of emf 10 V is connected between the points A and B, calculate the total charge in the circuit.
14. Find the total energy stored in the capacitors in the given network of Fig.
1 F
C
1
2 F
C
4
1 F
C
2
C
5
2 F
2 F
C
3
+

6 V
Fig.
15. X and Y are two parallel plate capacitors (refer to Fig.) having the same area of plates and same
separation between the plates. X has air between the plates and Y contains a dielectric medium of e
r
=
5.
(i) Calculate the potential difference between the plates of X and Y.
(ii) What is the ratio of electrostatic energy stored in X and Y ?
+
12 V
X Y
Fig.
Knowledge 3
16. Find (i) eqivalent capacitance and (ii) the total energy in the system of capacitors given in the network
shown in Fig. The charging battery has an emf of 4 V.
12 F
4F 3F
6F
4 V
+
6
5
F
Fig.
17. Name the dielectric whose molecules have (i) non-zero, (ii) zero dipole moment. Define the term
dielectric constant for a medium.
18. A conducting slab of thickness t is introduced without touching between the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor, separated by a distance d (t < d). Derive and expression for the capacitance of the capacitor.
19. Draw a labelled diagram of Van-de-Graaff generator. State its principle of working.
20. Two parallel plates PQ and RS are kept distance d apart. Area of each plate is A. The space between
them is filled with three dielectric slabs of identical size having dielectric constants K
1
, K
2
and K
3
,
respectively as shown in the Fig. Find the capacitance of the capacitor.
21. (a) Expain how a capacitor store energy on charging. Obtain an expression for the energy thus stored.
(b) A battery of 10 V is connected to a capacitor fo 0.1 F. The battery is now removed and the capacitor
is then connected to a second uncharged capacitor of same capacitance. Calculate the total energy
stored in the system.
22. Explain the effect of introducing a dielectric slab between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor on its
capacitance. Derive an expression for its capacitance with dielectric as the medium between the plates.
23. A dielectric slab of thickness t is kept in between the plates, each of area A, of a parallel plate capacitor
separated by a distance d. Derive an expression for the capacitance of this capacitor for t < d.
24. Find the equivalent capacitance between the point P and Q of the given combination of capacitors,
shown in Fig.
P Q
2 F 6 F
100F
4 F 12 F
Fig.
If a battery of emf 10 V is connected between the points P and Q, calculate the total charge in the circuit.
Moving Charges and Magnetism
1. Under waht condition does an electron moving through a magnetic field experience maximum force?
2. Under what condition is the force acting on a charge moving through a uniform magmetic field mini-
mum?
4 Knowledge
3. A current is seup in a long copper pipe, Is there a magnetic field (i) inside, (ii) outside the pipe?
4. The force F

experienced by a particle of a charge q moving with velocity v

in a magnetic field B

is given by F

=
( ) q v B

. Of these, name the pairs of vectors which are always at right angles to each
other.
5. An electron beam projected along + x-axis, experiences a force due to a magnetic field along the + y-
axis. What is the direction of the magnetic field ?
6. A charged perticle enters into a uniform magnetic field and experiences an upward force as indicated
in the Fig. What is the charge sign on the particle.
S N
magnetic
field
Fig.
7. Which one of the following will experience maximum force, when projected with the same velocity v
perpendicular to the magnetic field:
(i) o-particle and (ii) |-particle?
8. An electron while moving through a region is not deflected. What can be said about this region? Is there
no magnetic field ?
Or
An electron moving through a magnetic field does not experience any force. Under what conditions is
this possible?
9. In the adjoining diagram (Fig.) is shown a circular loop carrying current I. Show the direction of the
magnetic field with the help of lines of force.
Fig.
10. Which one of the following will have minimum frequency of revolution, when projected with the same
velocity v perpendicular to the magnetic field B: (i) o-particle and (ii) |-particle.
11. An electron and a proton moving parallel to each other in the same direction with equal momenta, enter
into a uniform magnetic field which is at right angles to their velocities. Trace their trajectories in the
magnetic field.
12. State two properties of a material used as a suspension wire in a moving coil galvanometer.
13. Calculate the magnetic field at the centre of a semi-circular arc of a conductor carrying current.
14. An o-particle and a proton are accelerated through the same potential difference. Calculate the ratio of
linear momenta acquired by the two particles.
15. A steam of electrons travelling with speed v m/s at right angles to a uniform magnetic field B is
deflected in a circular path of radius r. Prove that
e v
m r B
= .
16. State the principle of working of a cyclotron. Write two uses of this machine.
Knowledge 5
17. How do you convert a galvanometer into an ammeter ? Why is an ammeter always connected in series?
18. Which one of the two, an ammeter or a milliammeter, has a higher resistance and why ?
19. Write the relation of the force F

acting on a charge carrier q moving with a velocity v

through a
magnetic field B

in vector notation. Using this relation, deduce the conditions under which this force
will be (i) maximum (ii) minimum.
20. Two long parallel straight wires X and Y separated by a distance of 5 cm in air carry currents of 10 A
and 5 A, respectively in opposite directions. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the force on a 20
cm length of the wire Y.
21. A charged particle, having a charge q, is moving with a speed v along the x-axis. It enters a region of
space where an electric field E

(

Ej = ) and a magnetic field B

are both present. The particle, on

emerging from this region, is observed to be moving along the x-axis only. Obtain an expression for the
magnitude of B

in terms of v and E. Give the direction of B

.
22. A straight wire of lenght L and carrying a current I stays syspended horizontally in mid air in a region
where there is a uniform magnetic field B

. The linear mass density of the wire is . Obtain the

magnitude and direction of this magnetic field.
23. State Biot-Savart law. Use it to obtain the intensity of magnetic field at a point due to a long, straght
current carrying wire.
24. Write the expression for the Biot-Savarts law for the magnetic field due to a small current carrying
element. Using this expression, valculate the magnetic field intensity at a point on the axis of a circular
current carrying conductor.
25. A long solenoid with closely wound turns has n turns per unit of its length. A steady current I flows
through this solenoid. Use Amperes circuital law to obtain an expression for the magnetic field at a point
on its axis and close to its mid-point.
26. Using Amperes circuital law, derive an expression for the magnetic field along the axis of a toroidal
solenoid.
27. A hydrogen ion of mass m and charge q travels with a speed v in a circle of radius r in a magnetic field
of intensity B. Write the equation in terms of these quantities only, relating the force on the ion to the
required centripetal force. Hence, derive an expression for its time period.
28. Derive an expression for the force acting on a current carrying conductor placed in a uniform magnetic
field. Name the rule which gives the direction of the force. Write the condition for which this force will
have (i) maximum (ii) minimum value.
29. Derive an expression for the torque on a rectangular coil of area A, carrying a current I, placea in a
magnetic field B. The angle between the direction of B and the vector perpendicular to the plane of the
coil is u.
30. A straight wire of length
2
t
m is bent into a circular shape. If the wire wire was to carry a current of
5 A, calculate the magnetic field due to it, before bending, at a point distant 0.01 times the radius of the
circle formed from it. Also calculate the magnetic field at the centre of the circular loop formed for the
same value of current.
31. An infinitely long straight conductor XY is carrying a current of 5 A. An electron is moving with a speed
of 10
5
m/s parallel to the conductor in air from point A to B as shown in Fig. The perpendicular distance
between the electron and the conductor XY is 20 cm. Calculate the magnitude of the force experienced
by the electron. Write the direction of this force.
6 Knowledge
20 cm
electron
X Y 5A
B
Fig.
32. A galvanometer with a coil of resistance 120 ohm shows full scale deflection for a current of 2.5 mA.
How will you convert the galvanometer into an ammeter of range 0 ti 7.5 A ? Determine the net
resistance of the ammeter. When an ammeter is put in a circuit, does it read slightly less or more than
the actual current in the original circuit? Justify your answer.
33. Two small identical circular loops, marked (1) and (2), carrying equal currents are placed with the
geometrical axes perpendicular to each other as shown in the Fig. Find the magnitude and direction of
the net magnetic field at the point O.
(1)
(2)
90
O
I
I
x
x
Fig.
34. Explain the principle and working of a cyclotron with the help of a labelled diagram. A cyclotrons
oscillator frequency is 10 MHz. What should be the operating magnetic field for accelerating protons
? If the radius of its dees is 60 cm, what is the kinetic energy of the proton beam produced by the
accelerator ? express your answer in units of MeV.
(e = 1.6 10
19
C, m
p
= 1.67 10
27
kg, 1 MeV = 1.602 10
13
)
35. Two parallel coaxial circular coils of equal radius R and equal number of turns N, carry equal currents
I in the same direction and are separated by a distance 2 R. Find the magnitude and direction of the
net magnetic field produced at the mid-point of the line joining their centres.
36. With the help of a neat and labelled diagram, explain the underlying principle and woring of a moving
coil galvanometer. What is the function of (i) uniform radial field, (ii) soft iron core in such a device ?
Magnetism and Matter
1. Write the SI unit of (i) magnetic pole strenght, (ii) magnetic dipole moment of a bar magnet.
2. How does the (i) pole strength, and (ii) magnetic moment of each part of a bar magnet change if it is
cut into two equal pieces along its lenght?
3. What should be the orientation of a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field so that its potential
energy is maximum ?
4. What is the value of the horizontal component of the earths magnetic field at magnetic poles?
Knowledge 7
5. The vertical componnt of earths magnetic field at a place if
3
times the horizontal component. What
is the value of angle of dip at this place?
6. The susceptibility of a magnetic material is 0.085. Identify the magnetic type of the material.
7. Steel is preferred for making permanent magnets whereas soft iron is preferred for making electromag-
nets. Explain.
8. Why should the material used for making permanent magnets have high coercivity?
9. A bar magnet of magnetic moment m is aligned parallel to the direction of a uniform magnetic field B.
What is the work done, to turn the magnet, so as to align its magnetic moment: (i) opposite to the field
direction and (ii) normal to the field direction?
10. Define the term magnetic dip and magnetic declination with the help of relevant diagrams.
11. A short bar magnet placed with its axis at 30 to a uniform magnetic field of 0.02 T experiences a torque
of 0.060 N m. (i) Calculate magnetic moment of the magnet, adn (ii) find out what orientation of the
magnet corresponds to its stable equilibrium in the magnetic field.
12. Write two characteristic properties to distinguish between diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials.
13. Why does a paramagnetic substance display greater magnetisation for the same magnetising field when
cooled? How does a diamagnetic substance respond to similar temperature changes?
14. Write any three characteristics, a ferromagnetic substance should possess, if it is to be used to make a
permanent magnet. Give one example of such material.
15. Where on the earths surface is the value of vertical component of the earths magnetic field zero? The
horizontal component of the earths magnetic field at a ginven place is 0.4 10
4
Wb/m
2
and angle of
dip is 30. Calculate the value of (i) vertical component, (ii) the total intensity of the earths magnetic
field.
16. A short bar magnet placed with its axis inclined at 30 to the external magnetic field of 800 G acting
horizontally experiences torque 0.016 N m. Calculate:
(i) the magnetic moment of the magnet.
(ii) the work done by an external force in moving it from most stable to most unstable position.
(iii) what is the work done by the force due to the external magnetic field in the process mentioned in
(ii)?
17. Explain briefly the elements required to specify the earths magnetic field, at a given place. How does
the value of angle of dip vary from the earths equator to the north pole?
18. Three identical specimens of magnetic materials; nickel, antimony, aluminium are kept in a nonuniform
magnetic field. Draw the modification in the field lines in each case. Justify your answer.
Electromagnetic Iduction
1. Write SI unit of magnetic flux. It a scalar or a vector quantity?
2. Name the physical quantity whose SI unit is weber. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?
3. Two identical loops, one of copper and another of constanton, are removed from a magnetic field within
the same time interval. In which loop the induced current be greater?
4. Give the direction in which the induced current flows in the coil mounted on an insulating stand when
a bar magnet is quickly moved along the axis of the coil from one side to the other as shown in the Fig.
8 Knowledge
S N S N
Fig.
5. Define one henry.
6. If the self-inductance of an air core inductor increases from 0.01 mH to 10 mH to 10 mH on introducing
an iton core into it, what is the relative permeability of the core used?
7. What is induced emf? Write Faradays law of electromagnetic induction. Express it mathematically.
8. State Lenzs law. Show that it is a consequence of the law of conservation of energy.
9. A cylindrical bar magnet is kept along the axis of a circular coil and near it as shown in the diagram.
Will there be any induced emf at the terminals of the coil, when the magnet is rotated (a) about its own
axis, and (b) about an axis perpendicular to the length of the magnet?
N S N S
coil coil
(a) (b)
Fig.
10. The closed loop PQRS is moving into a uniform magnetic field acting at right angles to the plane of
the paper as shown in the fig. State the direction in which the induced current flows in the loop.
11. In the fig. given below, a bar magnet moving towards the right or left induces an emf in the coils (i)
and (ii). Find, giving reason, the directions of the induced currents through the resistors AB and CD
when the magnet is moving (a) towards the right and (b) towards the left.
A B C D
N S
Fig.
12. The fig. shown two identical rectangular loops (1) and (2), placed on a table along with a straight long
current carrying conductor between them.
(i) What will be the directions of the induced currents in the loops when they are pulled away from
the conductor with same velocity v ?
(ii) Will the emf induced in the two loops be equal ? justify your answer.
Knowledge 9
b
(1) a
x
a
b
x
(2)
v v
I
Fig.
13. Fig. shown a bar magnet M falling under gravity through an air cored coil C. Plot a graph showing
variation of induced emf (E) with time (t). What does the area enclosed by the E t curve depict ?
S
N
M
V
Fig.
14. A bar magnet M is dropped so that it falls vertically through the coil C (Fig.). The graph obtained for
voltage produced across the coil us time is shown in Fig.
(a) Explain the shape of the graph.
(b) Why is the negative peak longer than the positive peak ?
Magnet
coil
C R V
Fig.
15. A conducting rod of length l, with one end pivoted, is rotated with a uniform angular speed e in a
vertical plane, normal to a uniform magnetic field B. Deduce an expression for the emf induced in this
rod.
16. A rectangular coil of area A having number of turns N is rotated at f revolutions per second in a uniform
magnetic field B, the field being perpendicular to the coil. Prove that the maximum emf induced in the
coil is 2t f N B A.
17. Define self-inductance. Write down the expression for the self-inductance of a long solenoid of length
l having N-turns.
18. Write an expression for the energy stored in an inductor when a steady current I is passed through it.
Is this energy electric or magnetic?
1 0 Knowledge
19. Name and define the unit used for measuring the coefficient of mutual inductance. State the relation of
this unit with the units of magnetic flux and electric current.
20. Two circular coils, one of radius r and the other of radius R are placed co-axially with their centres
coinciding. For R >> r, obtain an expression for the mutual inductance of the arrangement.
21. A circular copper disc 10 cm in radius rotates at 20t rad/s about an axis through its centre and
perpendicular to the disc. A uniform magnetic field of 0.2 T acts perpendicular to the disc.
(i) Calculate the potential difference developed between the axis of the disc and the rim.
(ii) What is the induced current if the resistance of the disc is 2O ?
22. A circular coil of radius 8 cm and 20 turns rotates about its vertical diameter with an angular speed of
50 s
1
in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of magnitude 3 10
2
T. Find the maximum and average
value of the emf inducedin the coil.
23. State and explain Faradays law of electromagnetic induction.
24. What are eddy currents ? How are these produced ? In what sense are eddy currents considered
undesirable in a transformer and how are these reduced in such a device ?
25. A rectangular conductor, LMNO, is placed in a uniform magnetic field B

directed perpendicular to the

plane of the conductor (as shown in Fig.). Obtain an expression for the emf induced in the arm MN
when the arem is moved towards the left with a speed v.
Use the above expression to find the emf induced between the ends of an axle of length L of a railway
carriage travelling on level ground with a speed v. Assume the value of Earths magnetic field at the
place to be B and the angle of dip to be u.
v
B L
M
N
O
Fig.
26. A metallic square loop ABCD of size of size 15 cm and resistance 1.0 O is moved at a uniform velocity
of v m/s in a uniform magnetic field of 2 T, the field lines being normal to the plane of paper. The loop
is connected to an electrical network of resistors, each of resistance 2 O. Calculate the speed of the loop,
for which 2 mA current flows in the loop.
B C
D A
20
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
Fig.
27. A circular coil of N-turn and of radius R is kept normal to a magnetic field given by B = B
0
cos et.
Deduce an expression for emf induced in this coil. State the rule which helps to detect the direction of
induced current.
Knowledge 11
28. Deduce an expresson for the self inductance of a long solenoid of N-turns having a core of relative
permeability r.
29. How is the mutual inductance of a pair of coils affected, when
(i) separation between the coils is increased,
(ii) the number of turns of each coil is increased,
(iii) a thin iron sheet is placed between the two coils, other factors remaining the same ? Explain your
answer in each case.
30. Explain, with the help of diagram, the principle and working of an a.c. generator. Write the expression
for the emf generated in the coil in terms of its speed or rotation.
Or
Draw a labelled diagram of an a.c. generator. Explain briefly its principle and working.
31. An a.c. generator consists of a coil of 100 turns and cross-sectional area of 3 m
2
and is rotating at a
constant angular speed of 60 rad/s in a uniform magnetic field of 0.04 T. The resistance of the coil is
500 O. Calculate (i) maximum current drawn from the generator, and (ii) maximum power dissipation
in the coil.
Alternating Current
1. The instantaneous current from an a.c. source is I = 5 sin 314 t ampere. What is the rms value of the
current ?
2. When a lamp is connected to an alternating voltage supply, it lights with the same brightness as when
connected to a 12 V d.c. battery. What is the peak value of alternating voltage source?
3. The instantaneous emf of an a.c. source is given by E = 300 sin 314 t. What is the rms value of the
emf ?
4. What is the phase relationship between current and voltage in (i) an inductor, (ii) a capacitor in an a.c.
circuit?
5. Find the vapacitance of the capacitor that would have a reactance of 100 O when used with an a.c.
source of frequency
5
t
kHz.
6. In a series LCR circuit, the voltage across an inductor, capacitor and resistor are 20 V, 20 V and 40 V,
respectively. What is the phase fifference between the applied voltage and the current in the circuit.
7. Why is there no power consumption in an ideal inductance connected in an a.c. circuit ?
8. What is the power dissipation in an a.c. circuit in which voltage and current are given by
V = 300 sin
2
t
t |
e +
|
' .
and I = 5 sin et.
9. What is the power dissipated in an a.c. circuit in which voltage and current are given by V = 230 sin
2
t
t |
e
|
' .
and I = = 10 sin et.
10. Prove mathematically that the average value of a.c. over one complete cycle is zero.
11. State the underlying principle of an a.c. generator. Write the relationship between the peak value and
rms value of alternating voltage.
1 2 Knowledge
12. An a.c. source E = E
0
sin et is applied across an inductor of inductance L. Show mathematically that
the current lags the voltage by a phase angle of
2
t
.
13. Draw the graphs showing the variation of reactance of
(a) a capacitor, and
(b) an inductor with the frequency of an a.c. circuit.
14. Distinguish between reactance and impedance of an a.c. circuit.
15. Write the expression for frequency of an ideal LC circuit. In an actual circuit, why do the oscillations
ultimately die away ?
16. (i) Draw the graphs showing variation of inductive reactance and capacitive reactance with frequency
of applied a.c. source.
(ii) Can the voltage drop across the inductor or the capacitor in a series LCR circuit be greater than the
applied voltage of the a.c. source? Justify your answer.
17. Mention the factors on which the resonant frequency of a series LCR circuit depends. Plot a graph
showing variation of impedance of a series LCR circuit with the frequency of the applied a.c. source.
18. Show mathematically that the average power supplied to an ideal capacitor by a source over a complete
cycle of a.c. is zero.
19. In India, domestic power supply is at 200 V, 50 Hz, while in USA, it is 110 V, 50 Hz. Give one
advantage and one disadvantage of 220 V supply over 110 V supply.
20. A 1 F capacitor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz a.c. source. Calculate the rms value of the current
through the circuit. Also find the peak value of voltage across the capacitor.
21. A capacitor and a resistor are connected in series with an a.c. source. If the potential difference across
C, R are 120 V, respectively and if the rms current of the circuit is 3 A, calculate the (i) impedance, (ii)
power factor of the circuit.
22. A 12 O resistance and an inductance of
0.05
t
H are connected in series. Across the ends of this circuit
is connected a 130 V alternating voltage of frequency 50 cps. Calculate the current in the circuit and
potential difference across the inductance.
23. An inductor 200 mH, a capacitor C and a resistor 10 ohm are connected in series with a 100 V,
50s
1
a.c. source. If the current and voltage are in phase with each other, calculate the capacitance of
the capacitor.
24. Calculate the current drawn by the primary of a transformer, which steps down 200 V to 20 V to operate
a device of resistance 20 O. Assume the efficiency of the transformer to be 80%.
25. Explain with the help of a labelled diagram the underlying principle and working of a step up trans-
former. Why cannot such a device be used to step d.c. voltage ?
26. 11 kW of electric power can be transmitted to a distance station at (i) 220 V or (ii) 22,000 V. Which
of the two modes of transmission should be preferred and why? Support your answer with possible
calculations.
27. When an inductor L and a resisitor R in series are connected across a 12 V, 50 Hz supply, a current of
0.5 A flows in the circuit. The current differs in phase from applied voltage by
3
t
radian. Calculate the
value of R.
Knowledge 13
28. Given below (Fig.) are two electric circuits A and B. Calculate the ratio of power factor of the circuit
B to the power factor of circuit A.
~
R
X =3R
L
A
~
R
X =3R
L
B
X =R
C
Fig.
29. A 200 V variable frequency a.c. source is connected to a seires combination of L = 5 H, C = 80 F
and R = 40 O. Calculate
(i) the angular frequency of the source to get maximum current in the circuit.
(ii) the current amplitude at resonance.
(iii) the power dissipation in the circuit.
30. In the following circuit (Fig.), calculate, (i) the capacitance C of the capacitor, if the power factor of
the circuit is unity, and (ii) also calculate the Q-factor of the circuit.
~
100
50 s
1
C 200mH
Fig.
31. In a series RC circuit, R = 30 O, C = 25F, V = and angular frequency e = 10,000 rad/s. Find the current
in the circuit and calculate the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor. Is the algebraic sum of these
voltages more than the source voltage ? If so, resolve the paradox.
32. A town, situated 20 km away from a power plant generating power at 440 V, requires
600 kW of electric power at 220 V. The resistance of the two-wire line carrying power is
0.4 O per km. The town gets power from the line through a 3000 220 V step down transformer at a
sub-station in the town.
(i) Find the line power losses in the form of heat.
(ii) How much power must the plant supply, assuming there is negligible power loss due to leakage?
33. Figure given belos (fig.) shown, how the reactance of a capacitor varies with frequency.
(i) Use the information on graph to calculate the value of capacity of the capacitor.
(ii) An inductor of inductance L has the same reactance as the capacitor at 100 Hz. Find the value of
L.
(iii) Using the same axes, draw a graph of reactance against frequency for the inductor given in part
(ii).
(iv) If this capacitor and inductor were connected in series to a resistor of 10 O, what would be the
impedance of the combination at 300 Hz ?
1 4 Knowledge
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
100 200 300 400
Frequency (Hz)
R
e
a
c
t
a
n
c
e
(
)
0
Fig.
34. The primary coil of an ideal step up transformer has 100 turns and the transformation ratio is also 100.
The input voltage tna the power are 220 V and 1100 W respectively. Calculate
(i) number of turns in the secondary
(ii) the current in the primary
(iii) voltage across the secondary
(iv) the current in the secondary
(v) power in the secondary.