uGefysLwm*sme,f 2008 ckEpS ?

f {jyv
D ? trSwf 170

rsufESmzHk;aqmif;yg; 52 New Product

Replace Your Motherboard 107 jrefrmuGefysLwmowif;ESifh rSwfpk

Updated processor awG oH;k r,f/
13 aemufq;kH ay: enf;ynmoH;k tpdwt f ydik ;f opfawG
110 uGeyf sLwm owif;ESihf rSwpf k
xnho f iG ;f wyfqifr,fq&dk ifawmh oif&h v UJ uf&dS ,cif tpOftvm ½Iaxmifrh q S &dk if tifwmeuf
motherboard ae&mrSm aemufxyf tH0ifciG u f srI qkw
d m yDpo
D dYk qufo, G w
f hJ t&mrQomyg/
&Sw
d Jh motherboard trsK;d tpm;opfwpfck ,ckawmh tifwmeufudk rSwrf o d &d w
d S hJ
jzKwv f zJ Ykd rjzpfrae vdt
k yfvmjyaD yg/h ud&,d mawGyídk wk;d jy;D awG &Y rsm;vmw,f/

The Greatest 100

uGefysLwmtufaq;
uGeyf sLwme,fy,f pwif csx UJ iG vf muwnf;u
20 toH;k jyKoal wGtwGuf pifawmfaumuf
48 uReaf wmfeYJ Cell Phone odrYk [kwf
tqiht f xd ta&;ygvmwJh t&mrSeo f rQukd Cell Phone udk Scanner tjzpf
tqiht f wef; owfrw S jf y;D rSwaf usmuf oHk;Mu&atmif
wifcw hJ mawGvnf; &Sad ecJyh gw,f/ b,ft&m?
b,fypön;f u tvH;k pHk tcsut f vufawGeYJ w,fvzD ek ;f udk rke;f ayr,fh uReaf wmfwrYkd mS
b,ftqihrf sK;d &SMd uw,fqw kd mudk 'Dypön;f av;u r&Srd jzpf ypön;f av;yg/ 'Dawmh
avhvmMunfEh ikd fygw,f/ uReaf wmfuvnf; toH;k 0ifyakH v;wpfck
taMumif;udk ajymcsiyf gw,f/
uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

42 wkefcgoHay;aom Rumble Mouse wpfck

ukd,fykdif zefwD;ûyvkyfenf;
68 tEÅ&m,fuif; oefY&Sif;aom yDpDwpfvHk;qDokdY
ajcvSr;f 10
76 Knowledge 1000

88 WiMax pepf ay:xGef;vmzkdY Intel ukrÜPD

avQmufcJh&wJhvrf; uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
96 pdwful;tdyfrufrSonf pkwfcsufrJhyef;csDodkY 134 Photoshop jzwfvrf;enf;rsm;
zefwD;jcif;
136 pdwt
f aESmift
h ,Sujf zpfp&m Word jyóem
114 pdwf0ifpm;zG,f 0ufbfqkduftñTef;
140 PhotoshopTutorial
120 uGefysLwm tbd"mef
143 0if;'dk;pfApfpwm ed'gef;
123 Happy Birthday Virus ukd tjywfErdS ef if;jcif;
150 Premiere Tutorial

153 uGefysLwmtar;tajz
164 Window XP twGuf tajccHvrf;nTerf sm;
REVIEW
125 The Orange Box 128 Super Mario Galaxy 170 Java Developer Guide
126 Door of Deception 131 Fuel of War

EDITOR
OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&D)

CONTRIBUTORS
OD;rsdK; (tdkifwDtef;wdwf)? armifarmifMuD;?
pkdif;wifhxl;? aZmfrif;ESifh Modula-2

uGefysLwm*sme,f
197 (c)? yxrxyf? 33 vrf;(txuf)? &efukef/
zkef;- 01-387305/
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
Assess the situation - taetxm;udk oHk;oyf

Replace Your rjzKwfcifrSm taetxm;udk avhvm&r,f/ t&ifqHk;

'gawGudk odxm;&r,f/
♦ oifh&JU motherboard wyfqifxm;&m case [m olY
Motherboard ukrÜPDwpfckwnf;xkwf ypönf;rsm;om tqifajy vG,fulpGm
wyfqif jzKwfwyfEidk zf Ykd yHpk xH wk x f m;wmqk&d if wjcm;ukrP Ü u D
xkwfwJh ypönf;awGeJY tHudkufrI r&SdEkdifwmudk owdxm;yg/
'grSr[kwf oifh&JU PC [m t&G,fcsKHUxm;wJh small-form
factor PC jzpfaer,fqkd&if Large ATX motherboard vkd
t&G,ftpm;MuD;rm;wmeJY tH0ifcGifusrI r&SdEdkifbl;/ olYxuf
ao;wJh ATX, Micro ATX tp&SdwmawGeJY udkufnDrI&Sdr&Sd
aocsmodatmif vkyfyg/
♦ Motherboard yHkpHa[mif;awG&JU Power Cable [m 20
pin yJ &SdjyD;awmh aemufxkwfwJh yHkpHopfawGrSm 24 pin &Sdwm
aMumifh 4 ck uGmjcm;aew,f/ Power cable MudK;ta[mif;udk
motherboard yHp k o
H pfrmS oGm;wyfr,fq&dk if vQypf pfyg0g rvHk
avmufwmaMumifh tvkyv f yk rf mS r[kwb f ;l / 'gaMumifh power
cable MudK;topf oHk;&r,f/
♦ oifh&JU optical drive eJY hard drive MudK;awG[m (zJMudK;
t0geJY pkpnf;xm;avh&Sd) IDE u vmwmvm;? 'grSr[kwf
Serial ATA u vmwmvm;qkdwm aocsmatmif vkyf/
Motherboard yHkpHa[mif;awGrSm port ESpfckwGJaejyD; yHkpHopf
awGrSm IDE port wpfckwnf;uae drive ESpfckpvHk;udk sup-
port vkyx f m;w,f/ IDE drive ESpcf x k uf ydv k t
kd yfr,fq&dk if
oifh&JU board ay:rSm 'kwd,ajrmuf IDE connector ygvm;
rygvm; usdef;aoatmif vkyfyg/
♦ b,fvdk processor? b,fvdk RAM eJY b,fvdk graphic
card awG oHk;zdkY pdwful;xm;ovJ/ vGefcJhwJhESpftenf;i,f
Updated processor awG oHk;r,f/ aemufqHk;ay: avmufu xdyfwef;jzpfcJhwJh top-of-the-line awG[m 'DaeY
enf;ynmoHk; tpdwftydkif;opfawG xnhfoGif; tcsdefrSm trsm;MuD; acwfaemufus toHk;r0ifawmhwmrsKd;
jzpfEdkifw,f/ [kdwkef;u acwfpm;wJh AGP graphics cards
wyfqifr,fqkd&ifawmh oifh&JUvuf&Sd vkd[mrsKd;twGuf 'DaeYacwfxkwfwJh motherboard awGrSm
motherboard ae&mrSm aemufxyf slots wkd;zdkY ae&mygrvmawmhbl;/ olYtpm; 'DhxufydkacwfrD
tH0ifcGifusrI&SdwJh motherboard wJh PCI Express (PCIe) awGeJY tpm;xkd;vmw,f/ Proces-
trsKd;tpm;opfwpfck jzKwfvJzdkY rjzpfrae sor socket technology eJY RAM design awG[m tcsdefeJY
trQ ajymif;vJaew,f/ topfwyfqifr,fh motherboard
vdktyfvmjyDaygh/ cufr,fvkdYxif&ayr,fh rSm component topfawG tukefrwyfcsifbl;/ b,ft&m
wu,fwrf;usawmh vG,fvG,fav;yg/ Phillips awGudk jyefoHk;vdkY&rvJqkdwm uGJuGJjym;jym; odcsif&if CPU-
screwdriver wpfckeJY pdwf&Snfvuf&Snf z (www.cpuid.com/cpuz.php) vdk free utility wpfckeJY
vkyfudkifcsifwJh pdwfuav; &SdzdkYyJ vdkygw,f/ wkdifyif wD;acgufMunhfyg/
♦ Motherboard wpfcu k kd topfjzKwfvjJ yD;wkid ;f t&ifvyk f

{jyD? 2008 13
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
&rSmu reactivating windows vkyfzdkYyJ/ 'gaMumifh Win- connector vGwfoGm;atmif lever armif;wHwpfzufudk zdnpf
dows' Licensing &Sdxm;zdkY vdkw,f/ rdrd&JU board [m full- jyD; jzKwf&r,f/ usefwJhMudK;awGuawmh tvG,fwul jzKwfEkdif
retail vm;? OEM version vm;qkdwmay: rlwnfjyD; Win- ygw,f/
dows udk jyef0,f&vdrhfr,f/
The great swap-out jzKwrf ,f vJr,f
Cleaning up jzKwx
f w
k &f iS ;f tm;vHk;&Sif;oGm;jyDqkd&if motherboard udk txdkif
'Dae&mrSm a&G;cs,fzdkY vdkvmjyD/ Motherboard udk pGJxm;wJh 0uftlawGudk jzKwf/ yHkrSeftm;jzifh (6)
topfvJjyD; vuf&Sdwyfqifxm;wJh Windows udk acsmif;uae (9) acsmif;txd &Sdwwfw,f/ 0uftl&pfawG
jyefoHk;rSmvm;? 'grSr[kwf boot drive udk jzKwfvJcsifwJh jyKwfxGufoGm;&if motherboard udk cGmxkwv f Ydk &jyD/ jzKwf
twGuf hard disk xJu &SdorQtm;vHk;udk zsufjyD; topf xkwv f udk w
f hJ motherboard udk 'Dtwkdif;rxm;bJ vQyfppfjidrf
jyefoGif;rvm;qkdwm pOf;pm;&r,f/ tm;vHk;&Sif;xkwfjyD; r&Sdatmif vkyfxm;wJh antistatic bag xJrSm xnhfodrf;/
wpfujyefpenf; oHk;r,fqkd&if oifhqDrSm Windows tyg aemufwpfqifu h case eJY wGx J m;wJh I/O panel udk jzKwf/
t0if application discs t&efoifh aqmifxm;zdYk vdv k rd rhf ,f/ I/O panel [m motherboard expansion.slots rSm vmpGyf&
jyefvcdk sifwhJ data awG? file awGukd back up vkyx f m;zdYk vnf; wJh tcsuftvuftoGif;txkwf ae&mjzpfw,f/ Mother-
vdkvdrfhr,f/ Case's side udk zGifhjyD; oifh PC &JU rear panel board topfrSm olYukd,fydkif wGJzuf&wJh I/O panel yg&Sdvm
eJY twGif;ydkif; wnfaqmufyHkudk "mwfyHk½dkuf,lyg/ Cable MudK; w,f/ I/O panel udk motherboard ay:rSm wyfqif&mrSm
tm;vHk;udk Label trSwfoauFwvkyfyg/ 'DaeYvmwJh con- uvpfqkdwJh toHMum;onftxd aocsmzdoGif;&r,f/
nectors tawmfrsm;rsm;[m ta&mifoauFw (color-coded) Motherboard udk txJoGif; rwyfqifrD processor,
eJY vmw,f/ oifhuGefysLwmrSmawmh 'Dvdkta&mifoauFw cooling fan eJY RAM awGudk tjyifrSm MudKwifwyfqifxm;
cGjJ cm;rIawG yg&Srd vmbl;qd&k ifawmh 'Dvv dk yk w
f m taumif;qH;k oifhygw,f/ RAM slots u lever udk atmufedrfhjyD; RAM
ygyJ/ chip awGudk zdoGif;/ wu,fvdkY RAM chip ESpfckqdk&if
vJvS,fr,fh ypönf;awGeJY 0uftlvSnhfwpfacsmif; tqif ta&mifwl slot ESpcf x k rJ mS xnhaf y;&r,f/ 'Dvdk dual-channel
oifh &SdaejyDqkd&if vkyfief;pvdkY &ygjyD/ PC power cable udk architecture yHkpH[m vkyfaqmifEkdifpGrf;udk ydkaumif;apw,f/
jzKwf/ Rear panel rSm wyfxm;wJh MudK;tm;vHk;udk jzKwf/
tJ'DMudK;tm;vHk;[m motherboard udk0ifwJh MudK;awGcsnf;yJ/
jyD;&if yHk;udk ab;apmif;vJSvdkuf/
rdrdvufxJrSm vQyfppfjidrfawG r&Sd&atmif vQyfppfjidrf
z,f&Sm;ay;r,fh vufaumuf (antistatic wrist strap) 'grS
r[kwf owåKjym;wpfckckudk vufeJYt&ifudkif/ Motherboard
ay:u expansion slots tpGyfawGrSm pGyfxm;wJh cards
tm;vHk;udk jzKwfxkwf&r,f/ t&ifqHk; atmufcH chassis
jrm;ay:rSm cards udk txkid pf x JG m;wJh 0uftal wGukd jzKwfxw k /f
Card udk wnfw h nfrh jyD; qGx
J w k /f PCIex16 card qk&d ifawmh
'Dvdkrvkyfcif zdxm;wJh vDAmarmif;wHudk t&ifjznfhay;&r,f/
jzKwfxkwfxm;wJh ypönf;tpdwftydkif;awGudk vQyfppfjidrfuif;
jyD; oefY&Sif;wJh rsufESmjyifwpfckay:rSm xm;yg/
aemufwpfqift h aeeJY motherboard uae power sup-
ply unit (PSU), case front panel, optical drive eJY hard
drive awGqD qufo, G x f m;wJh MudK;awGukd jzKwf/ yefumMudK;
vkd[mrsKd;awGudkvnf; jzKwf/ Motherboard rSm plug vmxkd;
xm;wJh PSU power-cable connectors udk jzKwf&mrSm

14 uGefysLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
Processor awGuawmh enf;enf; ½Iyfw,f/ Intel de-
sign eJY AMD design qkdjyD; uGJjym;aew,f/ wpfcgwpf&H
olwdkY&JU own line uav;awGutp uGJjym;aewwfw,f/
'gayr,fh aemufydkif;xkwf processor awG[m sockets eJY
tH0ifciG u
f s&adS tmif vkyaf qmifvmMuwmrdYk CPU udk rSm;wyfrd
r,fh udprö sKd; odyrf jzpfawmhb;l / rSm;jyD; pGyrf &d if tH0ifciG u
f sr&Sd
bJ wif;cHaewmaMumifh vufeJY zdoGif;rdr,f/ 'gqkd xdcdkufrI
awG jzpfvmEkdifw,f/ wu,fvdkY tH0ifcGifusjzpfjyD; txkdifus
oGm;&ifawmh CPU ay:rSm tylcHtkyfaq; thermal paste udk
tkyfay;r,f/ tay:u tat;ay;yefum wyfr,f/ CPU
tzHk;udk wyfr,f/ tat;ay;yefum&JU power cable MudK;udk layout awGtaMumif;udk motherboard manual ay:rSm &Si;f jy
board ay:u CPU fan header rSm pGyfzkdY vHk;0rarhygeJY/ xm;w,f/ 'gudkMunhfjyD; rSm;vdkuf jyifvkduf vkyfMunfhzdkYawmh
topfvw J hJ motherboard [m t&ifta[mif;eJY wpfypkH H vdkwmaygh/
wnf;? wpf&G,fwnf;qkd&if case tdrfeJYrxdatmif cHxm;wJh
standoffs awGudk jyefnd§zdkY rvdkbl;/ wu,fvdkY topfvJwJh Finishing up vufpowfr,f
motherboard [m t&ifta[mif;xuf ydkMuD;r,fqkd&if Case tzH;k udk jyefwyf/ Rear-panel cables MudK;awG
board udk wGJr,fh 0uftl&pfpGJayguf (holes) awGeJY tvdkuf jyef w yf / uG e f y sLwmud k zG i f h / Boot vk y f p Of r S m
oifh usatmif standard txkdifawGudk vdkufa&TUay;&r,f/ wzsyfzsyf ay:wJh t&mawG screen ay:rSm ay:vm; ray:vm;
Standoff txkdifawG ae&mrSefjyDqkd&if motherboard udk Munhf/ BIOS xJ0ifzdkY instruction twkdif; vdkufvkyf/ Drive
nifnifomom ae&mcs/ I/O panel udk wyf/ 0uftl&pfawG eJY RAM Mum;rSm rSefuefwJh qufoG,frI &Sd r&Sd aocsmatmif
jyefwyfyg/ ppfaq;/ bmjyD;&if bmqGJwif&rvJqkdwJh boot-device pri-
ority OD;pm;ay; tpDtpOfudk set jyefvkyf/ vkdtyfr,fqkd&if
Working backward board ay:rSm USB 2.0 'grSr[kwf PCIe card awG xyfwyf
tpdwftykdif;eJY MudK;awG jyefwyfr,f Ekdifw,f/
Step (2) wke;f u jzKwfxw k cf w
hJ hJ tpdwt
f ydik ;f awGukd Windows udk topfrwifbJ rdrd hard disk xJrSm &SdjyD;
jyefwyfr,f/ Expansion card wpfckcsif;udk oufqkdif&m om;udk boot vkyjf yD; qGw
J ifr,fq&dk if Windows u mother-
slot wpfckcsif;rSm xkd;pGyfjyD; 0uftl&pfeJY cdkifatmif xdef;xm; board ay:rSm wyfqifxm;wJh device wpfckcsif;udk armif;zdkY
r,f/ Slot u vGwaf ewJt h aygufawGukd blank spacer oH;k jyD; drivers y½d* k &rftwkud av;awG awmif;vmvdrrhf ,f/ tawmf
zHk;tkyfay;r,f/ twGif;buf interior cable MudK; trsm;pk[m rsm;rsm;uawmh olYbmomol tvkdtavsmuf vkyfaqmifoGm;
wpfzufoGm; one way connected awG jzpfwmaMumifh jyef ayr,fh wcsKdUtopfwyfqifxm;wJh drive topfawGtwGuf
wyfqif&mrSm tcuftcJ r&Sdygbl;/ Board topfay:u uawmh motherboard topf 0,f,lpOfu twlyl;wGJxnhf
connector awG&JU jzefYMuufyHkudk aocsmroJuGJ&if manual ay;vdkufwJh CD csyf vdktyfw,f/ tJ'D CD xJrSm aemufxyf
for a diagram rSm Munhfyg/ USB cable eJY FireWire cable vJvS,fwJh device topfawGtwGuf vkdtyfr,fh driver
ae&m rSm;rwyfrdzdkY txl;owdjyKzdkY vdkygw,f/ System- y½dk*&rf twkduav;awG ygvmwJhtjyif Ethernet port
crippling problem ac:wJh tMuD;tus,f xdcdkuf ysufpD;rI twGuf toHk;vkdr,fh additional drivers awGeJY wjcm;toHk;
jzpfay:Ekdifw,f/ vkrd ,fh software awG yg&Sv
d mwmrdYk aemifa&&Sno
f ;kH Ekid af tmif
Front-panel connectors awG jyefwyf&wJhtvkyf[m odrf;xm;&ygr,f/
uRrf;usifolawGawmif vufaygufuwfwwfw,f/ Power, wu,fvkYd Windows topf jyefwifr,fqkd&ifawmh
reset switches eJY activity light awG yHkrSeftvkyfvkyfEdkifzdkY optical drive xJudk Windows CD xnhf/ Boot vkyfjyD;
pin jynfhjynfhpHkpHkygwJh connectors awGeJY tH0ifcGifus pGyfrdzdkY qJGwifEkdifatmif BIOS rSm nTefMum;csufawG xnhf/ OS re-
vkdtyfygw,f/ 'DvkdrSefrSefuefuef vkyfaqmifEkdifzdkY proper install vkyfwJh prompts twkdif; vdkufem vkyfaqmifyg/

16 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

The Greatest

PC TECHNOLOGIES
OF ALL TIME

20 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
pifawmfaumufenf;ynm -100 Greatest Of All Time

iPods udk MudKufESpfoufMuw,f/ TiVo udk oabmusMu tvHk;pHk tcsuftvufawGeJY b,ftqihfrsKd; &SdMuw,fqdkwmudk
w,f/ vSywifhw,fcsppf zG,f 'pf*spw f ,fuifr&muav;awGukd avhvmMunfEh ikd yf gvrd rfh ,f/ wpfenf; ajym&&if taumif;qH;k vdYk
jrwfEdk;Muw,fqdkwmawG &SdaeMurSm trSefjzpfw,f/ qef;opfpGm rSwaf usmufwifccH &hJ wJh pm&if;xJu ygorQukd avhvm pl;prf;ol
wDxiG fxm;cJw h hJ ud&d,mwefqmyvmawG trsK;d rsK;d &Scd hMJ uovdk wdkYu tqihftrSwfpOftvdkuf cGJjcm; owfrSwfEdkifwJhoabm
vlwpfu, kd f tMuKd uw f pfrsK;d eJY cHck rkH ifrif 0,f,l toH;k jyKavh jzpfw,f/
&Sdw,f/ wpfu, kd fa&oH;k uGefysLwmawG&UJ zHUG jzKd ;wd;k wufvmrI ordik ;f
uGefysLwme,fy,f pwif csx UJ iG fvmuwnf;u toH;k jyKoal wG aMumif;twGi;f wDxiG rf ItwGufjzpfjzpf? om,mMunfE;l aprI
twGuf pifawmfaumuftqihftxd ta&;ygvmwJh twGufjzpfjzpf? new power twGujf zpfjzpf ½du k cf wfrI jzpf
t&mrSeforQukd tqihftwef; owfrw S fjy;D rSwfausmuf vmwJhtavsmuf tm;vHk;owdjyKrdMuwJh t&mrsm;om
wifchw
J mawGvnf; &Sad ecJyh gw,f/ b,ft&m? b,fypön;f u jzpfygw,f/

M ICROSOFT S OLI - vSvSyy wefqmqif,lwJh zuf&SifrsKd; a&;tjzpf Skype udk jyKvkyfzefwD;ay;

100 TAIRE (1992) &cJhMu&w,f/ cJw
h ,f/ tcrJw
h ,fvzD ek ;f qufo, G cf iG hf
&,fp&mawmh jzpfcsifjzpfaeygvdrhfr,f/ &&SdoGm;apwmrdkY vlwdkif; MudKufESpfouf
'gayr,fh microsoft &JU udk,fydkif web- CONTROL-ALT-DELETE cJhMu&w,f/
site xJu ae&mwdkif;rSm upm;Edkifr,fh 97 (1981)
windows games awGudk pages aygif; uGeyf sLwmtwGuf command awG F RONT P ANEL C ON -
1400 ausmfausmfeJY wifxm;cJhwmrdkY udk ay;wJhae&mrSm vufacsmif;av; oHk; 95 NECTIONS (2001)
vlwdkif; 'D*drf;av;awGudk upm;cJhzl;Mu acsmif;eJY xda&mufjrefqefpmG toH;k csEdik f USB port awG audio jack awGukd
ygvdrhfr,f/ 'D*drf;av;awG upm;&if; zdkY uD;bkwfrSm xnfhoGif; yg0ifjzpfcJh system casing &JU aemufbufrSm &Sdae
aysmf&iT Mf unfE;l jrL;xl;cJMh u&zl;l ygw,f/ w,f/ 'DaeYtxd toHk;jyKaeMu&qJ wJhtcg jzKwf&wyf& qufoG,f&wm
jzpfw,f/ toHk;jyKolawGtwGuf pdwf taESmifh
t,Sujf zpfMu&w,f/ 'gaMumifh rsuEf mS
96 S KYPE (2003) pmrSm tvG,fwul toHk;jyKEdkifa&;
twGuf wDxGifzefwD;ay;cJhwm jzpf
tifwmeufw,fvzD ek ;f qufo,
G f w,f/

MICROSOFT NATURAL
99 APC UNINTERRUPTIBLE
POWER SUPPLY (1984)
94 KEYBOARD (1994)
pOfqufrjywf vQyfppfyg0gudk toHk;jyKoltwGuf usef;rma&;eJY
toHk;jyKEdkifa&;twGuf a&muf&Sdvm&wJh nDnGwfpGm toHk;csEdkifzdkY MS Natural
pepfjzpfw,f/ 'DaeYtxd toHk;jyKae Keyboard udk wDxGifjzpfcJhw,f/ vuf
Mu&qJ jzpfw,f/ qpfvuf½dk;awG udkufcJrIuif;wJh uD;
bkwftjzpf vlwdkif; vufcHcJhMu&w,f/
COOLER MASTER ATC-
98 100 (2000) CONNECTIX QUICKCAM
yDp&D UJ twGi;f ydik ;f tpdwt f ydik ;f awG 93 (1995)
twGuf oufwrf;wm&SnfcHzdkY aqmif ½kyaf oyH&k yd jf zpfjzpf vIy&f mS ;½kyyf akH wG
&Guaf y;&if; tvsLrDe, D rftrd Mf uD;eJYtwl taeeJYjzpfjzpf tvGefaps;EIef; oufom
>
{jyD? 2008 21
 100
Greatest Of All Time

wJh [mh'f0Jav;eJYtwl
90 ZONE LABS ZONEALARM 88 DSL (1998)
tifwmeufay: wifydkY (2000)
ay;zdkY wDxGifay;cJhwm 2000 jynfEh pS f rwdik rf u
D 'Dvdk vHjk cHK Broadband wdkufyGJrSm DSL u
jzpfjyD;? acwfrw
D ;kd wuf a&; y½dk*&rfudk tMurf;a&;qGJcJhayr,fh cable modem awGudk wGef;z,foGm;cJh
aumif;rGefwJh rGrf;rHjyifqifrIawGeJYtwl 2000 jynfhESpfrSom xkwfvkyfay;EdkifcJh w,f/ Life
tpOfwpdkuf toHk;0ifvmcJh&w,f/ w,f/ tcrJ&h ayr,fh aESmih, f u
S af omif; beyond 56
usef;olawG&JU&efu uif; a0; ap zdkY k eJYtwl
M OZILLA F IREFOX taumif;qHk; firewall tjzpf &yfwnf yxrqHk;
92 (2004) EdkifcJhygw,f/ jrifuGif;ay:
Open-source browser av; udk a&mufvmcJhw,f/
wpfckjzpfw,f/ vlwdkif;vnf; od&SdjyD;
vlwdkif;vnf; MudKufESpfoufcJhMuw,f/ 87 A3D (1996)
Firefox udk topftopfjzpfxe G ;f vmwJh
feature awGudk tpOfrjywf jznfhxnfh Surround sound xGef;ay:rI c&D;
ay;wmrdkY tifwmeufudk ywfoufol pOfrmS pyDumESpvf ;kH eJYom &Scd w
hJ mvm;vdYk
wdkif;avmufeD;eD; tMudKufawGUcJhMu& ar;jref;olawGtwGuf A3D tricks u
w,f/ tajzay;EdkifcJhw,f/ em;aomw tm½HkcH
olawGtwGuf wu,fh yuwdtoHawG
M ICROSOFT F LIGHT
89 M-SYSTEMS
DISKONKEY (2000) udk Mum;cGihf&oGm;apw,f/
91 SIMULATOR (1982) Onerous installation vHk;0 rvdk
A MERICA O NLINE
1977 ckEpS af vmufuwnf;u odyHÜ
ynm&SifawG upm;cJhwJh *drf;udk tajccH
awmhbJ tvkyfvkyfEdkifwJh thumb drive 86 (1985)
av;udk yxrqHk; 2000 jynfhESpfrSm jrif
jyD; 1982 ckESpfrSm microsoft u flight awGUcJh&jyD; us,fus,fjyefYjyefY toHk;jyK ck a ersm; AOL
simulator udk wDxi G f zefw;D ay;cJw
h ,f/ vmcJ&h mu tckawmh tqihjf rihf obm0 taMumif;ajym&if
ESpfaygif; tawmfMum *drf;upm;olawG awGeYJ aemufq;kH ay: Tumb drive awGukd jyHK;rdMurSmtrSefyg
tMudKufjzpfcJh&jyD; ,aeYtxd pD;&D;awG oHk;aeMu&jyD jzpfw,f/ yJ/ 'gayr,fh tif
qihfum qihfum xGufvmaeqJ jzpf wmeuf acwfO;D ydik ;f
w,f/ rSmawmh vlOD;a&aygif;
oef;csDjyD; tm;udk;wMuD; toHk;cscJhMu
&wm jzpfwmrdkY ,aeYwdkif AOL qdkwJh
t&mudk arhr&EdkifMuao;ay/

SATA (2003)
85
od k r S D ; ud & d , mawG quf o G , f r I
twGuf toHk;cscJhMuwJh fat-boy ATA/
IDE cable awGudk ausmfvTm; tEdkif,l
zdkY SATA a&mufvmcJhw,f/ Cable
management ydkaumif;vmw,f/ Air
flow vnf; ydak umif;apwJt h jyif trans-
fer speeds u ydkjyD; jrefqefvSygw,f/

22 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

SATA ud k F LASH M EMORY wDxGifcJhjyD; ESpfaygif; 20 ausmf MumwJh

external yHkpH
82 (1984) txd ay:jyLvmjzpfcJh&w,f/ a&S;OD;ydkif;
jyK taeeJ Y 'pf*spfw,fuifr&m toHk;jyKol u 'D cables awGu ysufp;D vG,af yr,fh
awmif toHk; wdik ;f u SD cards udk rvJrG aoG od&jdS yD; aemufydkif;rSm toHk;cHypönf;awG jzpfvm
jyKEdkifao;wJhtwGuf ay:jyLvm jzpfae jzpfaeMuw,f/ tckaemufydkif;rSmawmh apygw,f/
w,f/ solid-state hard drives awGudk od&Sd
vmMujyef y gw,f /
I OMEGA Z IP D RIVE 'g awG tm; vHk; u
79 HP L ASERJET III
(1990)
84 (1994) 1984 ckEpS rf mS wDxiG f ½Hk;vkyfief;awG
*&yfzpfvkyfief;orm;awGtaeeJY EdkifcJhwJh flash me- rS m workhorse
floppy drive awGeYJ CD-R awG &Edi
kv
f m mory &JU tusK;d &v'f printer taeeJY vl
wJh tcsdefumvwpfcktwGif; xdxd awG jzpfw,f/ odrsm;jyD; 'DaeYtxd
a&mufa&muf toHk;csEdkifcJhMuw,f/ pp emrnfwpfvHk;eJY armf',f pD ; &D ; awG
csi;f ? 100 MB Zip Disk eJY wmxGuEf ikd f
cJhw,f/ uGefysLwmwpfvHk;uae wjcm;
81 BITTORRENT (2001) udk xkwfvkyfa&mif;csEdkifcJhw,f/ 1991
ckESpfrSm LaserJet III si u network
wpfvHk;qDudk multi-megabyte files BitTorrent &JU jyif;xefwJh ½dkuf
csdwfjyD;vkyfEdkifzdkY yxrqHk; rdwfquf
awGudk wifydkYay;cJhwJh vSnf;uav; cwfrIawGudk 'DaeYtxd jrifawGUae&qJ ay;cJhwm jzpfw,f/
tjzpf uGefysLwm jzpfw,f/ Net traffic tukefvHk;&JU 75
toHk;jyK &mcdkifEIef;txd P2P protocol twGuf
olwdkif; ay:jyLvmjzpfjyD; toHk;usoGm;vdrhfr,f 78 RED HAT LINUX (1995)

udk pGJ vdkY cefYrSef; wGufcsufxm;Muw,f/

Commercial Linux aqmhz0 f aJ wG
vrf; cHkrif xJrSm a&S;OD;tusqHk;jzpfw,f/ Open-
oGm;apcJyh gw,f/ 80 ATA (1986)
source ae&m us,fus,fjyefYjyefY&vm
Western Digital u acwf O D ; a&;twGuf tajccH axmufwdkifwpfck
A PPLE P OWERBOOK
83 100 (1991)
umvrSm 'D ribbon-cable standard jzpfwmudk vlwdkif; em;vnfxm;Mu&
w,f/ tajccHaxmufwdkif Red Hat
udk hard drive qufoG,fa&;twGuf
Powerbook 100 u laptop
'DZdkif;a[mif;awGudk awmfvSefypfEdkifcJh
w,f/ txl;ojzihf uD;bkwfudpörSm
toHk;jyKolawGtwGuf ydkjyD; oGufvuf
jrefqefrI ay;oGm;w,f/ aemuf laptop
'DZdkif;awG b,favmufaumif;aumif;
wpfcsdefu
apple &J U
power
book 100
taMumif ;
ajym jy ae
Mu & qJ
jzpfw,f/

>
{jyD? 2008 23
 100
Greatest Of All Time

aMumifh ,aeYay:jyLvmjzpfvmwJh Ub- ovdk yxrqHk; personal computer

untu qdkwm jzpfvm&w,f/ vdkYvnf; ajymEdkifygw,f/

C AMBRIDGE S OUND - MICROTEK MSF-300 Z

77 WORKS M ICROWORKS
72 (1989)
(1996) 'DaeYacwf scanners awGu aps;
Cambridge Soundworks qdw k m vmcJhjyD; tragic yarns tjzpf tod EIef; csKdcsKdomomeJY &EdkifMuovdk toHk;
satellite/subwoofer concept twGuf trSwfjyKcJhMu&w,f/ jyK&wmvnf; vG,fulvSw,f/ 'pf*spf
wDxiG cf w
hJ mjzpfw,f/ Divine 2.1 chan- w,f "mwfyakH cwf ra&mufru D rl tvGef
nel microworks rdwfqufrIeJYtwl
yDpDaps;uGufxJudk us,fus,fjyefYjyefY
74 EUDORA (1988) udk wefzdk;MuD;jyD; xkxnfMuD;rm;vSwJh
monstrosities awGudk oHk;Mu&w,fqdk
a&muf&SdvmcJhw,f/ toHydkif;qdkif&meJY Illinois wuúov
kd u
f ausmif;om; wm rSwfwdkifwpfckjzpfcJh&w,f/
ywfoufvdkY yDpDawGtwGuf jyD;jynfhpHkrI wpfOD;jzpfwJh Steve Dorner u Mac-
&SdapjyD; 11 ESpfwm umvtwGif;vnf; intosh uGefysLwmawGtwGuf e-mail
ydkrdkacwfrDwJhpepfawGeJY wnf&SdvmcJhyg available taeeJY toHk;cszdkY a&;qGJay;
w,f/ cJhwJh y½dk*&rfjzpfw,f/ wpfenf;ajym
&&if AOL toHk;rjyKwJholawGtwGuf
TRS-80 COLOR COM- tD;ar;vfvkyfief;udk toHk;csEdkifapcJhwm
76 PUTER (1980) jzpfw,f/
uG e f y sLwmwpf v H k ; eJ Y tvm;
MITS A LTAIR 8800
oP²mefwljyD; xkxnfaumif;aumif;eJY 73 (1975) H ITACHI 7K 1000
tvGefw&m aps;EIef;csKdomwJh proto-
PC jzpfygw,f/ BASIC eJY LOGO pro- MITS u wnfaqmufcJhwJh uGef 71 (2007)
gramming awGtxd awmfawmfrsm;rsm; ysLwmjzpfw,f/ Intel 8080 CPU udk 3 'or 5 vufr t&G,ftpm;
rdwfqufxm;&SdcJhjyD jzpfw,f/ toHk;jyKcJhw,f/ yxrqHk; microproc- drive av;wpfck&JU 0ifqHhrIyrmPudk 1
essor tjzpf vlwdkif; todtrSwfjyKcJh& Terabyte txd xm;&SdjyD; xkwfvkyfEdkif

OSBORNE 1 (1981)
75
WordStar udk business appli-
cation awGeJY preload vkyfxm;jyD;
ay:xGuvf mwJh CP/M machine wpfck
jzpfw,f/ uGefysLwmorkdif;pOf Os-
borne &JU oGufvufcsufcsmpGm wuf

24 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

cJwh ,f/ Hard dirve pwif ay:xGe;f vm

cJjh yD; 13 ESpt
f MumrSm MuD;us,w
f hJ atmif
jrifrIwpfckudk xyfrH&&Sdvdkufwm jzpf
w,f/ 2020 jynfhESpfavmufrSm peta-
byte yrmPtxd jrifMu&rvm;vdYk arQmf
rSef;EdkifcJh&w,f/

L IQUID C OOLING
70 (2000)
yg0gtm;aumif;aumif;eJY pGrf;
aqmif&nfjrihfjrihf vkyfudkifwJh tpdwf
tydkif;awG rsm;vmjyD;jzpfwJhtcsdefrSm yDpD
system &JU tpdwt f ydik ;f awGukd tyl"mwf
avQmh c szd k Y liquid cooling pepf u d k
wDxiG Ef ikd cf w
hJ ,f/ Liquid Cooling pepf
eJY overclockers awGudk pdefac:cGifh jyK
LOTUS 1-2-3 (1983) M ICROSOFT W ORD
vdkufw,f/ 67 65 (1989)
Spreadsheets awGeJYtwl for- Word Perfect eJY oHk;&wm [dk
INTEL 440BX (1998)
69 mative computing udk tvG,fwul ra&muf 'Dra&muf jzpfaewJt h csed rf mS ydik f
wwd,rsKd;qufopf Pentium II toH;k csEdik zf Ykd lotus 1-2-3 u ajz&Si;f ay; ydkifEdkifEdkif jynfhjynfh00&Sdapr,fh micro-
eJY Pentium III chipset awGu ESpf EdkifcJhw,f/ 'D suits udk yDpDavmu&JU soft word xGufay:vmcJhw,f/ Word
tawmfMum motherboard technol- yxrqHk; killer app tjzpf todtrSwf pwifxu G af y:vmjyD; aemufyikd ;f rSm ver-
ogy &JU txGwftxdyfwpfae&mudk rSwf jyKMu&w,f/ sion trsKd;rsKd;eJY jr§ihfwif,lvmcJh&jyD;
rSwof m;om; ud, k pf m;jyKoGm;apcJw h ,f/ ,aeYtxd toHk;0ifaeqJ jzpfw,f/
Intel u xkwv f yk w
f ahJ emufyikd ;f armf',f tvGefaumif;wJh tpDtrHawG aomif;csD
awGtwGuf 440 BX boards u pjyD; &SdaejyD; toHk;jyKolrsm; rodao;wJh tpD
tajcjr§iafh y;cJw
h mvdYk rSw, f x
l m;Edik cf MhJ u trHawG &SdaeMu&qJ jzpfw,f/
w,f/
64 3.5 INCH HARD DRIVE
(1987)
68 DVD (1995)
Hard Drive awGudk 5 'or 25
0ifqHhrIyrmP 8.5 gigabytes vufrt&G,f formfactor eJY poHk;cJh&m
avmuftxd &Sw d hJ discs rsKd;awGukd oH;k pGJ 66 SOCKET 939 (2004) uae 3 'or 5 vuf r t&G , f u d k
ajymif;&if; trsm;oHk; standard wpfck
cGihf&vdkufMuwJhtjyif VHS tapes awG
wpfyHkwpfyifeJY ajzazsmfa&;u@udk AMD &J U 'k w d , rsKd ; quf o pf jzpfvm&w,f/
toH;k cs&wJh 0efus,f Athlon 64 socket u pGrf;aqmif&nf
udk tvG,fwul jr§ifhwifEdkifzdkY vkyfudkif
rIawGukd ajz&Si;f ay;cJh
pGrf; &Sdvmw,f/ Dual-channel 128- 63 NVIDIA SLI (2004)
w,f/ DVD stand-
ard wpf c k w nf ; eJ Y bit interface twGuf toifjh zpfomG ;ap Computing Oya'awGt& gra-
OD;pGm ay:xGuv f mwJh &wJt h jyif wefz;kd usoihrf u
I vnf; ouf phics boards ESpfckudk yDpDwpfvHk;xJrSm
yHkpHjzpfw,f/ oufomom &SdoGm;ap&w,f/ xnfhoGif;&if; performance jr§ifhwifzdkY

26 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

r,fh 2006 ckESpfrSm aemufqHk;tqihf

jznfph u
G rf aI wGeYJ twl atmifjrifwhJ Per-
pendicular hard drive recording vkyf
Edkifatmif seagate u zefwD;ay;xm;yg
w,f/ q,fpkESpfrsm;pGmtwGif; mag-
netic storage awG t wG u f tvG e f
ta&;MuD;wJh qef;opfrIwpf&yftjzpf
todtrSwfjyKcJhMu&w,f/

tcGifhtvrf; r&SdcJhygbl;/ 'gayr,fh jzpf video-encoding format wpfcktjzpf

atmif zefwD;cJhMuw,f/ Nvidia u &yfwnfEdkifzdkYtwGuf wpfavmuvHk;udk
orm;½d;k usenf;ynmudk azmufxu G &f if; arQmfvihfcsuf taumif;qHk; ay;EdkifcJh
'DvdkyHkpHrsKd;eJY high-end graphics vdkif; w,f/ Set-top DVD player awG I NTEL P ENTIUM M
udk vrf;xGifay;EdkifcJhygw,f/ twGufyg yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;cJhw,f/ 57 (2003)
Desktop chips awGudk laptop
62 I NTEL C ORE 2 D UO
(2006)
60 M CAFEE V IRUSSCAN
(1989)
awGxrJ mS xnfo h ;kH zdYkqw
kd m q,fpEk pS af wG
ausmfvGefjyD; MudK;pm;cJhMu&w,f/ Intel
Desktop awGrSmoHk;oHk;? mobile Windows pepfawGqdkwm 1990 u tHhMoavmufwJh performance rsKd;
awGrmS oH;k oH;k wyfqiftoH;k jyKEdik af pjyD; jynfhESpfuwnf;u antivirus soft- &jyD; Low-power eJY toHk;csEdkifr,fh
,aeYacwf computing environment ware rygbJ vnfywfapw,fqdkwm chip udk wDxGifay;EdkifcJhwmu rSwf
udk wpfacwfqef;apEdkifcJhw,f/ pGrf; rjzpf&atmif ay:xGufvm&wJh y½dk*&rf ausmufwifp&m jzpfc&hJ ygw,f/ Desk-
aqmif&nftaumif;qHk;tqihfudk ydkYay; vdkY ñTef;qdkEdkifygw,f/ top Pentiums awGeYJ uGm[aewJh uGuf
EdkifjyD; aps;uGufvnf; us,fus,fjyefY vyfukd pentium m eJY laptop awGqu D kd
AGP (1997)
jyefY jzpfxGef;cJhygw,f/
59 aygif;ul;ay;wJh wHwm;wpfcktaeeJY
vnf; todtrSwfjyKMu&w,f/
*&yfzpfvkyfief;pOfrSm ydkjyD; band-
width aumif;apEdi k zf Ykd AGP Slot qdwk m
udk Intel u a&S;OD;pGm enf;vrf; azmf
xkwaf y;cJw h ,f/ csucf si;f qdok vdk stan-
dard yHkpHjzpfoGm;apEdkifcJhw,f/

PERPENDICULAR HARD
58 D RIVE R ECORDING
61 DIVX(2001)
(2006)
Disposable DVD format r[kwf rlvtpuajym&&if 1970 jynfEh pS f
yg/ Div X u universal compressed uwnf;u wDxGifEdkifcJhwmvdkY ajym&ay

28 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

56 W ESTERN D IGITAL
R APTOR WD 360GD
taewpf&yftwGif; owif;tydkYt,l
vkyEf ikd zf Ykd 0efaqmifraI y;cJw
h m jzpfw,f/
qHk; tMuD;pm; LCD armfeDwmwpfck
tjzpf owfrSwfMu&w,f/
(2003)
10000 rpm eJY vnfywfjyD; 0ifqr
hH I
yrmP 36 GB &SdwJh hard drive tjzpf
rdwq
f uf&if; high-speed SATA stor- 51
age vdkY u@opf zGihfay;cJhygw,f/
smallish size jzpfayr,fhvnf; high-
performance users awG t wG u f
xdyfwef;a&G;cs,fp&m ypönf; jzpfvm&
w,f/

A PPLE M ACINTOSH
55 (1984) 53 WINDOWS 95 (1995)
51 INTEL PENTIUM (1993)
uG e f y sLwmavmu Apple u
yDpDavmutwGuf multitasking Intel taeeJY eHygwfpOfawGwyfjyD;
yxrqHk; toGifqef;apcJhw,fvdkY ajym
tppftrSef&&Sdapum vSywJh GUI udk xkwvf yk rf u
I aetrnfemray;jyD; pwif
Edkifygw,f/ ,aeYacwfrSm vlwdkif; od&Sd
toHk;cscGihfay;EdkifcJhw,f/ File names xkwfvkyfrIudk Pentium u pcJhwm jzpf
em;vnfjyD;jzpfwhJ mouse-driven GUI
t&SnfoHk;EdkifjyD; TCP/ IP awG qihfwif w,f/ olY&JU 64 bit data path eJYtwl
pepfudk pwifazmfxkwfcJhwJh uGefysLwm
ay;EdkifoGm;apw,f/ yDpDavmu zGHUjzdK; dual pipeline wpfck toGiftjyifeJY
jzpfw,f/
wdk;wufa&;twGuf tajccHtkwfjrpf yxrqH;k xkwv f yk w
f hJ Intel
tjzpf todtrSwfjyKMu&w,f/ chip
vdkY
D ELL U LTRASHARP vnf;
52 2405 FPW (2005) ajym&
Video inputs awGeJY unimpech- rSmjzpf
able quality awG &&S d a pwJ h t jyif w,f/
xkxnfMuD;rm;wJh AD'D,dk *&yfzpfawGudk 64 bit
0efaqmifraI y;Edik w
f hJ Widescreen gra- computing &JU ajcvSrf;ao;ao;vdkY
phics awG tjynfhtpHkygvmwJh yxr vnf; owfrSwfEdkifygw,f/
54 AOL INSTANT MESSEN-
GER (1997)
Instant messaging qdkwJh 0ef 50 UBUNTU (2004)

aqmifrIvkyfief;udk AOL u pwif Linux c&D;pOft&SnfMuD; avQmuf

taumiftxnfazmfay;cJhw,f/ Pri- vmcJhjyD; vufawGUuswJhyHkpHjzpfvmjyD;
vate online chat qdkwm yxrqHk; pcJh tvG,fwul toHk;jyKEdkifapzdkY Ubuntu
wmvdkY ajymvdkY&w,f/ vufiif; tajc xGuaf y:vmcJ&h ygw,f/ ,cktcg Dell

30 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

txl;ojzifh awmifudk&D;,m;EdkifiH&JU BitTorrent txd t&m&mwdi k ;f u Nap-

*drf;avmurSm xif&Sm;aeqJvdkY awG;ae ster udk t&if;cHtjzpfxm;jyD; aqmif
Mu&w,f/ &GufMu&wmjzpfw,f/ Music search
taeeJY tm;ud;k tm;xm;jyKEdik cf MhJ uw,f/

43 M ICROSOFT I NTELLI
MOUSE EXPLORER 3.0
(2003)
u yDpDxkwfvkyf&mrSm Windows &JU al- Microsoft armufpfudk tjrJwap
ternative taeeJY preinstall vkyfjyD; udkifwG,ftoHk;jyK&olawGtwGuf ouf
a&mif;csaejyDjzpfw,f/ aomifhoufom&Sd&SdeJY xdef;csKyf aqmif
INTEL 430FX TRITON &Guf,lEdkifwJh IME 3.0 udk xkwvf yk af y;
49 MIRABILIS ICQ (1996) 46 (1995) cJhw,f/ ñTef;qdkcsufeJYtnD toHk;0ifcJh
Socket 7 taeeJY motherboard wmrdkY optical sensor awGeJY vkyfwJh
Mirabilis u wDxiG x
f w
k v
f yk cf w
hJ hJ
rSm olryg&if rjyD;wJyh pkH H jzpfomG ;&w,f/ armufpfqdkwm standard jzpfoGm;ap
downloadable software processor
Intel &JU rlvyxr Triton chipset cJhw,f/
wpfckjzpfw,f/ AOL u ydkifqdkifcJh
w,f/ Instant messaging udk ICQ eJY uvnf; yDpDavmuudk tcsdeftawmf
pcJw
h mjzpfw,f/ toH;k csaeMuqJ jzpfyg Mum xdef;xm;ay;EdkifcJhw,f/
w,f/
3-5-I NCH F LOPPY
45 (1983)
ATI R ADEON 9700
48 (2002)
5 'or 25 vufrt&G,f flop-
pies tpm; t&nftaoG;omvGefjyD;
yg0gtiftm;taumif;qH;k graph-
ics boards taeeJY rSwf,laeMu&qJ
trsm;qHk; standard taeeJY tcsdef
jzpfw,f/ ATI \ tawmfMum &yfwnfEdkifcJhwJh portable
xdyfwef;ta&mif; storage ypönf;wpfrsKd; jzpfw,f/ uGef 42 386 E NHANCED M ODE
(1992)
pm&if;0ifxJrS yxr ysLwmwpfvHk;rS tjcm;wpfvHk;qDodkY
Multitasking &JU rlvtpydkif;rSm
data tul;tajymif;vkyf&mrSm toHk;cs
qHk; Direct X 9 udk toH;k jyKMuwJh 80386-based PC awGukd
tjynfht0 yHhydk; EdkifcJhMuygw,f/
Windows 3.1 eJY DOS apps awGMum;
aqmif&Gufay;EdkifwJh pDraH qmif&u
G af y;zdYktwGuf ay:xGuv
f m
NAPSTER (1999)
card jzpfw,f/ 44 cJhwJh operational mode jzpfw,f/
P2P toHk;csEdkifa&; twGuf 0ef
STARCRAFT (1998) WINDOWS 98 SECOND
47 aqmifraI wG ay;vmw,f/ iTune uae 41 EDITION (1999)
1998 ckESpftwGuf a&mif;tm; qihfuJjzpfpOfwpfcktaeeJY Win-
taumif;qHk; uGefysLwm*drf;tjzpf rSwf dows 95 tay: Windows 98 jzifh
ausmufwifcJh&w,f/ Strategy game vTrf;rdk;u ydkjyD; jznfhqnf;rIay;EdkifcJhay
awGxJrSm MuHhMuHhcH atmifvHxlxm;qJ r,fh odyfryDjyifcJhyg/ Windows 98
jzpfw,f/ oufwrf; udk;ESpfausmfuay second edition wGir f o
S m odoo d mom
r,fh professional gaming tourna- MuD; wd;k wuf aumif;rGew f ,fvYkd vufcH
ments xJrSm yg0ifaeqJjzpfaew,f/ EdkifvmMuw,f/
>
{jyD? 2008 31
 100
Greatest Of All Time

awGudk pkpkpnf;pnf; o,f,loGm;EdkifwJh

twGuf uGefysLwmordkif;pOfrSm rSwf
ausmufwifp&m jzpfoGm;apcJhw,f/

SOCKET 7 (1994)
35
[d k ; tcsd e f u CPUs wd k i f ; u
rm;om;bkwfeJY taowyfqifxm;jyD;
om; taetxm;rsKd; jzpfw,f/ 1994
COMMODORE 64
40 (1982)
ckEpS rf mS awmh Socket 7 xGuaf y:vmcJjh yD;
rm;om;bkwfay:rSm b,fvdk CPUs
wpfu, kd af &oH;k uGeyf sLwmavmu trsKd;tpm;udkjzpfjzpf wyfqif toHk;jyK
ppcsif; IBM wdkY IBM-compatibles xGuv f mcsderf mS awmh laptop awG tay:
EdkifcJhMu&w,f/ Intel yJ oHk;oHk;? AMD
wdkYeJY apple wdkYawG tm;vHk;u tjydKif oHk;pGJolawGu qGJaqmifrI tjrihfqHk;
eJYyJ qifqif? Cyrix's chip udkyJ wyf
tqdkif jzpfaecsdefrSm commodore 64 a&mufoGm;apcJhygw,f/
wyf &EdkifoGm;awmhw,f/
qdkwJh uGefysLwmtrsKd;tpm;u t&nf
taoG; twlwl&jyD; aps;EIef; 595 37 APPLE II (1977)
a':vmavmuftxd avQmhcs a&mif;cscJh
wpfudk,fa&oHk; uGefysLwmtjzpf
wmrdkY tdrfoHk; uGefysLwmorm;awG
yxrqHk; ay:xGufcJhwmrdkY uGefysLwm
twGuf txifu&jzpfcJh&ygw,f/
ordik ;f aMumif;twGuf rSww
f ikd w
f pfck jzpf
cJh&w,f/ Steve Jobs taeeJY 1975
EPSON MX-80 (1982)
39 ckESpfrSm Apple Computer ukrÜPDMuD;
dot-matrix printer awG u d k udk wnfaxmifcJhjyD; wpfESpftMumrSm
toHk;jyKwJhtcg ae&ma&TUajymif;wmwdkY? vufawGU
vnfywfwmawGaMumifh qlnHrIawG &Sd usus 34 PCI (1993)
w,f/ 'gayr,fh wpfcsdefwpfcgu Ep- taumif
PCI (peripheral component in
son MX-80 av;udk tjrwfwEdk; 0,f txnf
ter connect) qdkwJh local bus ray:rD
,l toH;k jyKcJMh u&w,f/ tajrmuftjrm; azmf
q,fpkESpfwpfckausmfausmfavmuf ISA
yHkESdyfrItwGuf pdwfcs&ovdk aps;EIef;u ay;EdkifcJhw,f/
bus eJYom toHk;jyKcJhMu&w,f/ quf
vnf; oufoufomom&wmrdkY ay:jyL oG,faeaom ypönf;tpdwftydkif;rsm;
vmjzpfcJhygw,f/ 36 CD-R (1988)
ydkrdkwyfqifrIjyKEdkifa&;twGuf xGef;ay:
odkrSD;odrf;qnf;rIawGudk ydkifydkifEdkif ay;vmcJh&w,f/
IBM T HINK P AD 700
38 (1992) Edkif Mum;cHtajymif;ta&TU ulyHhypönf;
Portable computing qd k w m wpfcktjzpf pGrf;aqmifay;EdkifcJhw,f/
q,fpkESpfwpfckpma&mufwJhtxd trsm; zwf½I½HktwGufom t oHk; jyK ol awG
olig jrwfE;kd ESpo
f ufp&mtjzpf rwnf&dS twGuf
EdkifcJhay/ vHkavmufwJh t&nftaoG; toHk;0ifcJh 33 D ELL U LTRASHARP
2001 FP (2003)
rjynfhrDMuwm&,f? xkxnf MuD;rm;ae w,f / xk apmOD;ydik ;f xkwf LCD armfew
D mawG
wm&,faMumifh aps;uGuf roGufcJhay/ xnf MuD; u pm;yGJay:rSm ae&musOf;usOf;,ljyD;
'gayr,fh IBM Thinkpad 700 av; rm;wJh files vSvSyy rsufpdyom' &½HkavmufyJ &SdcJh

32 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

w,f/ 'gayr,fh response u tp

tvGefaES;auG;wmrdkY *drf;upm;EdkifzdkY
tcuftcJawG &SdcJhMu&w,f/ Dell eJY
Ultrasharp 2001 FP ay:aygufvmwJh
tcg CRTs enf;wl vkyfudkifEdkifwJh
tqihfudk a&mufEdkifcJhw,f/

GL Q UAKE /Q UAKE
32 WORLD (1996)
3D acwf&JU tpydkif;txd Quake
twGuf xkwfay;cJhwJh mods awGu
tpGrf;jyEdkifcJhw,f/ *drf;udk upm;wJh
ae&mrSm MudKwifwu G q
f vdYkr&Edik w
f hJ yHpk eH YJ
wmvnf; jzpfapqdkwJh taMumif;&if; connector selection rsKd;awGudk ajz
GL Quake u zefwD;ay:xGufvmcJh
ESpfckeJY vrf;aMumif; pzGihfay;cJhygw,f/ &Sif;ay;&if; standards wpfcktjzpf &yf
wm jzpfw,f/ Quake World uawmh
wnfay;EdkifcJhygw,f/
Lag-free multiplayer *dr;f wpfct k jzpf
A DOBE P HOTOSHOP
tm;vHk;u todtrSwf pjyKcJhMu&w,f/ 29 (1990) AMD A THLON 64
vufawGUqefwJh "mwfyHkavmu 27 (2003)
wpfckudk a&muf&SdzdkY Adobe u Photo- AMD Athlon 64 xGufvmwJh
shop qdwk meJY pwifwnfaqmufay;Edik f tcg Intel u tpOfwpdkuf proces-
w,f/ Adobe Photoshop udk Munfh sor udk vTrf;rdk;aecJhwJh t&Sdeft0g acwå
jyD; aemufydkif;rSm tvm;wl applica- cP &yfwefYoGm;vdkufapw,f/ AMD
tion awG wpfoDwpfwef;MuD; xGufvm Athlon 64 u yxrqHk; consumer
Muawmhw,f/ 64-bit CPU jzpfygw,f/ Intel &JU Core
2 Duo xGufrvmrcsif; ajc wpfvSrf;
tomeJY avQmufEikd cf w hJ m rSww f ikd w
f pfck
jzpfoGm;apygw,f/

CD-ROM (1984)
31 MATROX G400 (1999) 26
wpfckwnf;&Edkifwmxuf ESpfck Digital audio uae computer
&Edkif&if b,ft&mrqdk ydkaumif;w,f data oH;k tjzpf ckew
f ufvu
kd jf yD; aqmhz0f J
qdw
k hJ cH,cl suu
f kd oufaojyay;cJw
h ,f/ xkwfvkyfolawGtwGuf xda&mufrI
rsm;pGmeJY toHk;csoGm;apEdkifcJhygw,f/
Matrox G400 u pjyD; dual VGA out-
puts awGeJYtwl multihead pepfudk
28 ATX (1995)

tpysKd;EdkifapcJhygw,f/ AT motherboard formfactor udk

tawmfMum oHk;cJhMujyD;aemuf AT mo-
bo eJY case awGtwGuf t"du jyóem
30 C OMPAQ
(1983)
P ORTABLE
tcsKdUudk ajz&Si;f ay;Edik zf Ykd ATX ay:xGuf
Compaq u PC clone market vmcJhw,f/ *a[aqmfxm;wJh power-
udkvnf; &ap? portable computer qdk supply connector rsKd ; eJ Y archaic

34 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

Floppy tpm; MuD;rm;wJh data yrmP cJhw,f/ vIyfcgoGm;apwJh color/ gra-

awGukd odrk ;DS cGi&fh oGm;Mu&w,f/ 'D opti- phics adapter (CGA) card jzpfyg
cal disc format u floppy toHk;csrI w,f/
awGudk tMuD;tus,f avsmhoGm;apcJhwJh
tjyif ,aeYtcsdeftxd ay:jyLvm jzpf
aeqJ jzpfygw,f/
23 CABLE MODEM (1996)

w,fvDzkef;vdkif;udk toHk;csjyD; 21 IBM PC K EYBOARD

(1981)
tifwmemcsdwfquf,l&wm jzpfw,f/
25 HALF-LIFE (1998)
rQa0oHk;pGJrItwGuf yxrydkif; vrf;
IBM PC compatable twGuf
aps;uGuf0ifqHhrI &SdapzdkY t"du yHhydk;rIudk
*drf;avmurSm 'DaeYtcsdeftxd aMumif; usyfnyfaejcif;aMumifh yxr
IBM PC keyboard u ay;cJhwm jzpf
ta&mif;&qHk; PC Shooter tjzpf &yf ydkif; oHk;pGJolawGtaeeJY pdwfwdkif;rus
w,f/ rlvyxr uD;bkwfu uD;ta&
wnfEikd cf w
hJ ,f/ pdw0f ifpm;zG,&f m Zmwf jzpfMu&w,f/ 'gayr,fh tifwmeuf
twGuf 83 eJY yg0ifcw hJ m jzpfw,f/ pmpD
vrf;ZmwfuGufeJYtwl tajccH *&yfzpf csdwq f ufraI wGukd &oGm;jyDqw
kd meJY pdwf
pm½dkufeJY *Pef;rsm; jznfhoGif;zdkYtwGuf
awGudk azmufxGufausmfvTm;jyD; first- wdkif;rus jzpf&wmawG ajyaysmufoGm;
vufESdyfpuf vufuGufudk t&,lum
person games twGif; epfjrKyfoGm;ap apawmhw,f/
wnfaqmufay;cJhw,f/
avmufatmif pGr;f aqmifomG ;Edik cf whJ hJ rsK;d
qufopfwpfckudk zefwD;ay;cJhygw,f/ CREATIVE LABS SOUND
20 BLASTER 1.0 (1989)
PC Clones trsm;pkrSm wu,fh
tppftrSef toHk;0ifapwJh onboard
audio system awG rygcJah y/ 'gaMumifh
add-in card yHkpHjyKay;vdkufwJhtcg
*drf;upm;olwdkif; auseyfoGm;cJhMu&
22 DDR SDRAM (2000)
w,f/ yxrqHk; xdxda&mufa&muf
Memory twGuf tm;opfavmif; aqmif&uG af y;Edik cf w
hJ muawmh Creative
zdkY ay:xGufvmwJh DDR SDRAM u Labs Sound Blaster 1.0 yJ jzpfw,f/
2000 jynfhESpftwGif; aps;EIef;MuD;jrihf
24 IBM CGA
(1981)
C ARD
w,fvdkY ,lqolawGu rvdkrvm; &Sdae
Hercules Graphics Card u cJah o;w,f/ aemufyikd ;f rSm memory udk
rdrtd vd&k w
dS thJ a&mifwikd ;f udk ay;Edik pf rG ;f &Sd vufcHEdkifavmufwJh aps;EIef;eJY avQmhcs
wmrdYk ay:jyLvmjzpfcw hJ ,f/ 'gudk IBM vmwJh aemufydkif; bandwidth ESpfq
u 16 glorious colors tqihftxd &wJh DDR SDRAM udk trsm;MudKuf
jr§iwfh if&if; CGA card udk xkwv f yk af y; jzpfoGm;apcJhw,f/

19 L ITHIUM -I ON C ELLS
(1991)
tEÅ&m,fjzpfapwJh nickel-based
battery awGtpm; 0ifa&mufvmwJh Li-
thium-ion cell u vdktyfcsufawGudk
jynfhpHkoGm;apwJhtjyif Mum&SnfMumrsm;
toHk;cHvmw,f/

36 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

18 W ESTERN D IGITAL
CAVIAR 1GB (1994)
15 MS-DOS (1980)
13 802.11B (1999)

IBM u yxrydkif; yxrqHk; gi- tvGef½dk;&Sif;ygw,f/ yxrqHk; 1990 jynfhESpf aESmif;ydkif;upjyD;

gabyte tqih f hard drive awGudk tqihfrSm QDOS (Quick and Dirty MudK;rJh enf;ynmudk pwiftaumif
xk w f v k y f c J h y gao;w,f / 'gayr,f h Operating System) vdkY ac:w,f/ txnfazmfEdkifcJhayr,fh xda&mufrI r&Sd
tav;csdef 550 aygif av;jyD; a':vm tvGef ½IyfaxG;wJh UNIX wdkY main- cJhay/ 1999 ckESpfrSm 802.11B qdkwm
40ç000 avmuf wef z d k ; usoif h a e frame OSes awG rygbJ uGefysLwm xGuf ay:vmEdkifcJhrSom vHkavmufwJh
w,f/ Western Digital u 1999 vkyfief;pOfrSm MS.DOS u rdwfquf band width eJY vufawGUusus cable
ckEpS f ZGev
f rSm tdro f ;kH tqifh 1GB bar- ay;zdkY tpydkif;rSm tonf;toefjzpfcJh& free networking pepfudk toHk;csoGm;
rier udk xkwfay;Edkif ayr,fh tm;vH;k tqifajy acsmarmoGm;cJh apEdkifcJh&w,f/
cJ h w m rS w f w d k i f &ygw,f/
wpfwdkiftjzpf
INTEL 486DX (1989)
jzpf o G m ;apcJ h
w,f/
14
a,bk,soabmt& 486 vdkYyJ
ac:ac:? 486 DX vdkYyJ ac:ac: ac:qdk
17 FAST ETHERNET (1995)
Edkifygw,f/ built-in memory cache
10 Mb/s uae 100 Mb/s tqihf xnfhoGif;xm;vdkufjyD; 32 bit archi
udk &oGm;apwJh Ethernet jzpfcJh&w,f/ tecture yHkpH 'DZdkif;eJY wnfaqmuf,lcJh
w,f/ Computing power udk 386
wired networking twG u f Fast
Ethernet u standard jzpfoGm;ap DX awGxuf ydk&oGm;jyD; 25 MHz, 33
12 MOUSE (1963)

w,f/ Token Ring eJY 10 Base2 wdYk ukd MHz eJY 50 MHz qdkwJh clock speed Stanford rS Douglas Engelbart
,SOfjydKifolawGudk tydkif ausmfjzwfoGm; awGeYJ yxrqH;k &Edik cf w hJ ,f/ aemufyikd ;f u rlvyxr armufpfwpfrsKd;udk 1960
EdkifcJhygw,f/ clock speeds tjrefEe I ;f aumif;aumif; jynfhESpftwGif;rSm wDxGifay;cJhw,f/
eJY qihfumqihfum xGufay:vmcJhyg 1970 jynfhESpfrSmawmh yHkpHjyK rSwfyHkwif
w,f/ tqdkyg chip udk 2007 ckESpf vkyfEdkifcJhw,f/ 1972 ckESpfrSm Xerox
pufwifbmvtxd xkwfvkyfrI &SdapcJh u ball wpfckeJY jznfhqnf;ay;&if; ydkrdk
ygw,f/ toHk;wnfhoGm;apcJhw,f/ tJ'Daemuf

N VIDIA G E F ORCE 2
16 (2000)
yxrqHk; xGufay:vmwJh pixel-
shading GPU trsKd;tpm; jzpfw,f/
3D obm0ud k mainstream xJ
ta&mufyYkd ay;Edik cf yhJ gw,f/ Advanced
Lighting technique eJY filtering fea-
ture awG yg0ifvmygw,f/

38 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 100
Greatest Of All Time

Apple uGefysLwmawGrSm toHk; jyK&if; xm;vdu k rf ,fq&kd if Doom u 3D *dr;f awmfawmfrsm;rsm; ,aeYtxd vnfywf
yD p D u G e f y sLwmawG t xd toH k ; cs &JU vrf;jyajryHjk zpfomG ;apygw,f/ pwif aeEdkifMuqJ jzpfw,f/
EdkifoGm;w,f/ upm;cGihf&uwnf;u *drf;upm;ol
taygif;udk ydkifydkifEdkifEdkif vIyfcgEdkifjyD; HAYES SMARTMODERN
7
11 MP3 (1991) ay:jyLvmjzpfcJh&ygw,f/ (1981)
Comsumer modem awGtwGuf
Compressed audio format eJY Hayes u a&S;OD;wDxi
G o
f jl zpfcyhJ gw,f/
'pf*spfw,f rD'D,macwfajymif; awmf Prebroadband umvwpfavQmufvHk;
vSefa&;udk pEdkifcJhw,f/ ,SOfjydKifwJh pdwfcsvufcs toHk;jyKcGihf&EdkifcJhw,f/
tjcm; format tajrmuftjrm; &Sad yr,fh oHk;pGJoltcsKdUu ,aeYtcsdefxd oHk;pGJae
vnf; ,aeYwdkif trsm;qHk; formats MuqJjzpfw,f/
wpfcktjzpf &yfwnfEdkifcJh&ygw,f/

10 DIRECTX (1995)

Industry-standard PC graph- 8 IBM 5150 (1981)

ics platform udk wpfrsKd; qef;opfpGm
eJY *drf;awGupm;EdkifzdkY microsoft u 16 KB RAM eJY internal 5.25
graphics API qdkwm wDxGifay;cJhwm inch floppy drive yg&SdwJh IBM 5150
jzpfw,f/ u yxrqHk; modem PC tjzpf tod
trSwfjyKcJhMu&ygw,f/ tJ'Dtcsdeftcg
u xdkufoihfoavmuf aps;EIef; jrihf
9 DOOM (1993)
w,fvYkd qdMk uayr,fh ,HMk unf pdwcf spGm
Wolfenstein 3D udk tom z,f toHk;cscGihf &Muw,f/ IBM u 5150

6 QUAKE (1996)

Doom eJY Duke Nukem 3D qdk

wm tem*wf*rd ;f avmu&JU oHawmfqihf
awGvdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ trSefwu,f
vnf; Doom u 3D *dr;f twGuf tmrcH
csufay;oGm;ygw,f/

>
{jyD? 2008 39
 100
Greatest Of All Time

WINDOWS XP (2001) Windows XP u Windows xGuf&SdjyD;

5 orQawGxJrSm taumif;qHk;qdkwm vlwdkif;u rSwf,lxm;cJhMu&w,f/
Windows 95 wdYk Window 98SE wdYk &UJ xGe;f um;ajymifajrmufrx
I uf jyD;jynfph w
kH hJ
tajctaeawGudk ay;Edkifw,fvdkYqdk&rSm jzpfw,f/ Additional feature awG
tajrmuftjrm; yg&Sdvmw,f/ MudKufESpfoufp&m taumif;qHk;awGuawmh Re-
mote Desktop wdkY device driver roll-back wdkY clear type wdkYeJY multi-user
support wdkYyJ jzpfw,f/

NCSA MOSAIC (1993) acwfopf uGefysLwmpepf INTEL PENTIUM II (1997) 233 MHz
4 awGukd ,cifupepfawGxuf tMuD;tus,f ajymif;vJomG ;ap
3 eJ Y vnf y wf c G i h f & ae&muae 400 MHz
cJhwJh toHk;csy½dk*&rfwpfckudk jyygqdk&if Mosaic udkyJ jyMu&rSm jzpf txuf&oGm;apzdkY microprocessor twGuf rdwf
w,f/ yxrqHk; Web browser jzpfw,f/ NCSA (National Center quf a y;vmwJ h achitecture topf jzpf w ,f /
for Supercomputing Applications) u wDxGif xkwfvkyfcJhwm wcsKdUu P2 vdkY tvG,fwul ac:qdkMuw,f/ Ex-
jzpfw,f/ Windows twGuf jzpfjzpf? Macintosh twGufjzpfjzpf? posed-pin socket wpfcktpm; slot-based pack-
freeware eJ Y sharware age wpfcktwGif; heatsink wpfckwdkY daughter-
wpfctk jzpf toH;k csEdik w
f ,f/ board wdkY pwif yg0ifvmEdkifcJhw,f/ CPU uae
Mosaic aMumif h yD j yif w J h L2 Cache qdkwmudk Intel u oD;jcm;cGJxkwfapcJh
graphical internet jzpfvm w,f/ 'DtwGuf wefzdk;avsmhenf;vm&ovdk cache
cJh&w,f/ ,aeY toHk;jyKae size vnf; wd;k oGm;apygw,f/ Processor avmurSm
MuwJ h major browser Athlon 64 rxGufciftxd Intel u vTrf;rdk;xm;Edkif
trsm;pkrSm Mosaic code cJhygw,f/
awmfawmfrsm;rsm; yg0ifaeqJ
jzpfw,f/

2 3DFX VOODOO 1 (1996)

Graphics aps;uGuf ½IyfaxG;rI qdkwm
,aeY jrifawGU&wJh tajctaexuf ,cifu
1 USB (1996) USB avmuf ,HkMunfpdwfcs&jyD; toHk;uswJh con
nector qdkwm r&Sdbl;vdkY ajymqdkEdkifygvdrhfr,f/ yxrtqihftaeeJY
tifrwef av;vHaES;auG;wJh serial ports wdkY parallel ports wdkYudk toHk;jyK
ydkjyD; ½Iyf½IyfaxG;axG; &SdcJhw,f/ 1996 ckESpfu &wmxuf jrefqefrI&apcJhw,f/ USB connector qufoG,frIudk yDpD tzGihf
3dfx Voodoo 1 xGuaf y:vmcJah wmh 3D graph- tydwfvkyfjyD; qufoG,f&wJh yifyef;rIrsKd; r&Sdawmhwm awGU&w,f/ oD;jcm;
ics udk rdrd yDpDay:rSm standard VGA board AC qufo, G rf vI ykd J device awGukd toH;k jyKEdik o
f mG ;apw,f/ jrefqefrI EIe;f xm;
udk xyfjyD; yHhydk;ay;Edkifr,fh add-in card awG 480 Mb/s &Sw d hJ USB awGtxd wd;k wufvmayr,fv h nf; formfactor ajymif;vJ
xnfhcGihf&oGm;apw,f/ *drf;orm;awG taeeJY jcif; r&Sdwm awGUEdkifw,f/ FireWire qdkwm r&Sd&ifvnf; USB eJY toHk;cscGihf
Quaks vdk *drf;rsKd;udk ydkifydkifEdkifEdkif upm;cGifh &SdoGm;apw,f/
&oGm;Muw,f/ *drf;upm;rI &oudk ydkjyD; xdxd
a&mufa&muf yHhydk;ay;vmwJh VooDoo vdkY
rSwf,loGm;Mu
&ygw,f/

OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,&f )D

40 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 armufpx f &J dS jynfph akH om twGi;f ydik ;f ypön;f rsm;
yHjk zpfonf/ 'dik tf yk u
f kd armfwmESit
hf jyKd if
*a[qufxm;onfukd awG&U ygrnf/

wkefcgoaH y;aom RUMBLE MOUSE wpfck udk,fydkif zefwD;

jyKvyk ef nf;
First-Person shooter (FPS) wkefcgrI jzpfvmatmif mouse xJrSm motor uav;&JU yHkpHu MudK;tpESpfck
game upm;&mrSm udkifwG,ftoHk;jyKol cellphone vibrator motor wpfckudk xkwfxm;wJh em&D"mwfcJ tjym;av;eJY
udk wkefcgrIay;EdkifwJh rumble mouse fully enclosed jzpfatmif xnfhoGif; wpfypkH w H nf;yJ/ Left button click vkyf
wpfckudk udk,fwdkif zefwD; wnfaqmuf wyfqifay;&r,f/ 'Dvdk xnfhoGif;ay; wdik ;f rSm motor qD power 0ifzYkd switch
enf;udk Greg Lipscomb u jyefvnf EdkifzdkY oihfawmfr,fh mouse [m opti- wpfck vkyfay;zdkY vdkw,f/ tJ'D switch
azmufonfcsxm;w,f/ olb,fvv kd yk f cal mouse jzpfzYkd vdw k ,f/ Roller ball udk PNP transistor wpfckeJY wnf
ovJqdkwm MunfhMu&atmif/ mouse eJY tqifrajyEdkifbl;/ aqmuf,rl ,f/ aemufwpfck vdt k yfwm
FPS games upm;&mrSm mouse t&ifqHk;vkyf&r,fh tvkyfuawmh uawmh motor qDomG ;wJv h Qypf ;D aMumif;
&JU Left button udk click vkyf upm;avh cellphone ta[mif;wpfcx k u
J vibra- udk xdef;csKyfay;zdkY 10 kΩ Potentio-
&Sdw,f/ tJ'Dvdk left click vkyfwdkif;rSm tor motor wpfckudk jzKwf,l&r,f/ tJ'D meter wpfck vdkw,f/

42 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

armfwmtwGuf qJvzf ek f;ta[mif; wpfvk;H udk zGihíf vibrator "mwfp;D ywfvrf;twGi;f +5V oH;k aom yifo;kH acsmif;udk toH;k
udk jzKw,
f vl u kd fygonf/ ¤if;onf em&D"mwfcEJ iS hf jyKxm;ygonf/ ¤if;wGif USB MudK;rS wdu k ½f u
kd ,
f ljy;D Ground
qifqifwlonf/ *a[wdYrk xm;onfh opfom;jym;ay:wiG f onf "mwfpD;ywfvrf;\ ajrpduk Mf uKd ;jzpfonf/ Float onf
armufpv f Qypf ;D ywfvrf;udk prf;oyfygonf/ armufpf b,fuvpftwGuf acwå ground csrnfyh if
jzpfonf/

MATERIALS
eJY Ground vnf; qdw k m t&ifq;kH cGjJ cm;
Optical USB mouse I used an off-brand, odatmif vkyf&w,f/ 'Dvdk odEdkifzdkY
model HTM-67WT mouse udk zGihfjyD; USB power t0if
PNP transistor, 2N3906 Radioshack #276-1604
Electric vibrating motor Salvage from cellphone. ikwfeJY ground pin udk digital multi-
or use Sanko Electric #1E120, available at meter eJY axmufwdkifMunfh&r,f/ ol
allelectronics.com, catalog#VB-1
Ω or 1kΩ
5kΩ Ω micro trim potentiometer A 10kΩ pot, toHk;jyKwJh mouse rSmawmh USB ca-
like RadioShack #271-282, works, but lower values ble uvmwJh 0dkif,mMudK; tpdrf;a&mif
fit the adjusting range better
Diode, 1N4001
[m ground jzpfjyD; tjyma&mifuawmh
Ω resistor
1kΩ +5V tikwfudk 0ifaMumif; awGU&w,f/
Mini perfboard RadioShack #276-0148
aemufwpfcsufu vibtrator motor &JU
label ay:rSm 3.6 V vdkY a&;om;wmudk
Motor udk xdef;csKyfr,fh rumble cable xJu b,fMudK;u +5V power awGU&w,f/ 'gqdk&if USB uvmwJh
circuit twGuf vdktyfwJh power udk eJY ground MudK;qdkwm? mouse circuit +5V udk 3.6 V atmuf a&mufatmif
USB port &,lr,f/ 'gaMumifh USB ay:u b,f pin tikwu f +5V power avQmhcsay;zdkY vdktyfvmw,f/ 10 kΩ

{jyD? 2008 43
 toruae high voltage spike awG PNP x&efppöwm&JU base udk 0if
bufjyefvmwwfw,f/ 'gudk jydKifquf r,fh vQyfpD;aMumif;yrmPudk avQmhcszdkY
qufxm;wJh AdkYtm; diode u x&ef twGuf floating pin eJY transistor
ppöwmqD 'DAdkYtm;awG ra&mufoGm; base tMum;rSm 1k resistor wpfck cH
atmif wm;qD;ay;r,f/ ay;&r,f/ x&efppöwm&JU emitter udk
USB port u vmwJh +5V eJY qufjyD;
Intercept the left click collector udk 10 k potentiometer Mum;
aemufwpfqifh vkyfaqmif&rSmu cHay;xm;wJh motor qD qufay;vdkuf
optical mouse circuit board ay:u w,f/ potentiometer &JU t0ifikwf
b,f vQyfikwf (pin) awG[m mouse's oHk;ck&SdwJhteufrSm tv,fikwfudk quf
left-click button eJY oufqdkifaeovJ ay;&r,f / usef w J h ab;ES p f i k w f u d k
qdw k m odatmifvyk &f r,f/ multimeter ground eJY quf&r,f/ 'gqd& k if tjynfh
udk oHk;jyD; b,fvQyfikwfu ground? t0 tvkyv f yk Ef ikd rf ,fh circuit yHpk w H pfck
b,f vQyif w k u f floating vnf;qdw k m jynfhpHkoGm;jyD/ aemuf qufvkyf&r,fh
cG J j cm;&r,f / Floating pin qd k w m tvkyfuawmh mouse xJrSm olYae&meJY
Rumble mouse \ "mwfp;D ywfvrf;yHpk H ground buf u d k oG m ;r,f h vQyf p D ; ol aoaooyfoyfae&mcszdYk y/J ud&, d m
jzpfonf/ ykdwif&S,frDwmudk wef;quf aMumif;udk Mum;rSmcHay;xm;wJh cvkw&f UJ awG pkaygif; wyfqifEdkifzdkY tayguf
qufxm;aom 'dik t f yk Ef pS v
f k;H jzifh wpfzuftpyJ/ Single-pole momen- uav;awG tnDtnm azmufay;xm;
tpm;xdk;Edik fonf/ armufpu f kd tary switch &JU wpfzuftpaygh/ cvkwf wJh tavmawmf t&G,ftpm; port-
b,fuvpfEydS fygu ta&mifxu G fonf/ zGihfcsdefrSm vQyfpD;aMumif; jzpfvmr,f/ bourd wpf c k a y:rS m diode awG ?
LED-resistor udk wyfEikd yf gonf/ cvkwfydwfcsdefrSm vQyfpD;aMumif; jywf Potentiometer eJY PNP transister
awmufoGm;r,f/ Mouse button udk wdYk ukd ae&mcsr,f/ wpfcek YJ wpfct k Mum;
potentiometer wpfckudk Mum;cHjyD; click vkyv f ukd cf sed rf mS cvkwyf iG jfh yD; vQyf 0dkif,mwdkwdk oHk;jyD; cJeJY *a[aqmfr,f/
t0if +5V tm;udk txGuf 3.6 V a&muf pD;aMumif; pD;vmr,f/ tJ'D vQyfpD; Mouse tdr& f UJ aemufbufae&mvGwrf mS
atmif odjust vkyfay;&w,f/ txGuf aMumif;u power supply +5V Mum;rSm motor ud k double-sided tape eJ Y
3.6 V atmuf a&mufvm;? ra&mufvm; cvkwfwpfckozG,f cHxm;wJh x&efppö uyfjyD; cdkifjrJatmif ae&mcsr,f/ +5V
aocsmatmif multimeter eJY axmuf wmwpfc&k UJ base rSm oGm;0ifjyD; power eJY Ground ikwfawGeJY qufwJh 0dkif,m
wdkif;jyD; vdkwdk;ydkavQmh vkyfay;&w,f/ bufu emitter eJY motor bufu awGudk aoaooyfoyfjzpfatmif vkyf
Potentiometer tpm; diode ESpfckudk collector Mum;rSm vQyfpD;aMumif;pD;Edkif r,f/ 'gqdk tvkyfjzpfjyD/ Left mouse
wef;quf qufay;vdkYvnf; &w,f/ atmif wHcg;zGihfay;vdkufovdk jzpfoGm; click vkyfwdkif;rSm w*sD*sDeJY wkefcgay;
Diode wpfckudk vQyfpD;aMumif; jzwf wmaMumifh rumble circuit rSm vQyfpD; vdrhfr,f/ 'gqdk first-person shooter
oGm;wdik ;f AdYktm; 0.7 V usomG ;wJt
h wGuf aMumif; pwif pD;qif;jyD; tvkyfvkyf game upm;&mrS touf0ifwJh rum-
ESpcf u
k kd a&SUqifah emufqifh jzwfp;D jyD;csdef w,f/ 'Dae&mrSm ol toHk;jyKcJhwmu ble mouse wpf c k jzpf o G m ;jyD a ygh /
rSm pkpkaygif; usoGm;wJh AdkYtm;[m 1.4 awmh PNP transistor ygyJ/ PNP udk wu,fvdkY mouse &JU wkefcgay;wJh
V &SdoGm;r,f/ t0ifAdkYtm;u +5V qdk oHk;&jcif;taMumif;&if;uawmh base &JU rumble part awGudk game r[kwfwJh
awmh txGufAdkYtm;[m 3.6V jzpfoGm; t0ifAdkYtm;udk Low Voltage signal click vkyr f aI wGrmS toH;k rjyKbJ &yfxm;
r,f/ aemufwpfck ta&;MuD;wmu tqifh AdkYtm;edrfhedrfheJY tvkyfvkyfcsifvdkY csifoy qdk&if +5V eJY emitter Mum;rSm
aemufxyf oD;jcm; diode wpfckudk jzpfw,f/ 'Dae&mrS NPN udk oHk;vdkY r& tzGihftydwfvkyfr,fh toggle switch
motor eJY jydKifquf qufay;xm;zdkY vdk bl;qdw k mowdxm;&r,f/ NPN udk oH;k wpfcw k yfqifay;vdYk vnf; &ao;w,f/
tyfw,f/ bmaMumifhvJqdkawmh x&ef &if base &JU vQypf ;D aMumif;yrmP MuD;zdYk pd k i f ; wif h x l ;
ppöwm pzGihfjyD; tvkyfvkyfcsdefrSm mo- vdkw,f/

44 uGefysLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwmtufaq;

uReaf wmfeYJ Cell Phone

odrYk [kwf
Cell Phone udk Scanner tjzpf oHk;Mu&atmif

w,f v D z k e f ; ud k rk e f ; ayr,f h om;} tvdkufurf;qdk;rodwJhaumifu aqmif;yg;jzpfaew,f/ pmtkyfuvnf;

uRefawmfwYkd rmS 'Dypön;f av;u r&Srd jzpf xdkifcHkudk aemufavQmcsjyD; tdyfaew,f/ av,mOfay:u pmtkyfqdkawmh cell
ypönf;av;yg/ 'Dawmh uRefawmfu 'Dawmh aemufrmS xdik af ewJo
h u
l b,fvkd phone eJY aqmif;yg;udk "mwfyHk ½kduf,l
vnf; toH;k 0ifyakH v;wpfct k aMumif;udk jzpfrvJ/ ae&musOf;usyfoGm;wmaygh/ xm;&w,f/ 'DrSmwif &SmazGrI? awGY&SdrI
ajymcsif y gw,f / uk d , f h wpfckudk &vkdufwm jzpfyg
rd o m;pk 0 if w pf a ,muf w,f/ av,mOfqdkufwJh tcsdef
b,ft&yf b,fa'orSm rSm tJ'Daqmif;yg;udk e-mail eJY
a&mufaew,f? b,fol ydkYvkdufygw,f/ PDF attach-
awGeYJ &Sad ew,f qdw k mawG ments tjzpfeJYaygh/ aemufrS
udk odEkdifw,f/ ta&;ay: ukd,fvkyfcsifwmudk vkyfEkdifyg
udpMö uHKawGYae&&if? tcuf vdrfhr,f/ rSwfwrf;tjzpfeJYyJ
tcJtEÅ&m,f wpfpw kH pf&m odrf;xm;rvm;/ trIonfawG
awGYae&if tultnDawmif; qDyJ ydYk rvm;/ vkyaf zmfuidk zf uf
Ekid w
f mawGuakd wmhtus,f awGeJYyJ rQa0zwf½Irvm;/ vkyf
rajymawmhygbl;/ tm;vHk; csifwm vkyfEkdifygw,f/ 'DrSm
odjyD;om;? toHk;csjyD;om; wif olutem*wfrSm toHk;
jzpfaeygjyD/ tck vwfw 0ifr,fh enf;vrf;wpfck awG;rd
avm cell phone wpfvHk; vmygw,fwJh/ 'gayr,fh zkef;
udk uReaf wmfwYdk? cifAsm;wdYk xJuaejyD;awmh service pro-
twGuf rsm;pGmtusKd;&Sdap vider wpfcp kuD kd ydYk&ygvdrrhf ,f/
r,fh toHk;csenf;? toHk; tJ'DurSwpfqifh udk,fhqDjyef
jyKenf;wpfckygyJ/ pwifawGY&SdwJhol Laptop eJY tvkyfvkyfvdkY r&awmhbl;/ a&mufvmEkdifygw,f/ image tjzpfeJY
uawmh a&S;wkef;u odyÜH&SifMuD; tmcD Laptop qdkwmu olYtrnftwkdif;yJ/ yJjzpf jzpf? document tjzpfeYJ yJ jzpfjzpf
rD;'D;vdk ½kwfw&uf awGY&Sdcsufjzpfw,f aygifay: 'l;ay:wifjyD; vkyf&wmjzpfyg ayghAsm/ tJ'D provider uawmh Scan
vdkY qdkygw,f/ Eurek! Eureks! I w,f/ a&SUxdkifcHku yk*d¾Kvfu aemuf R. com yJ jzpfygw,f/
found it. I found it vdkYawmif atmfcJh bufukd vSet f yd af ew,fqakd wmh laptop Scan R.com [m 2006 ckESpfu
ao;w,fvdkY ajymygw,f/ tar&duef udk oHk;r&awmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh &SdaewJh pwifjyD; provider tjzpf vkyfcJhwJh
EkdifiHu a&SUaewpfa,muf jzpfygw,f/ r*¾Zif;awGudkyJ zwfae&w,f/ 'DrSm ukrÜPDwpfck jzpfygw,f/ Mobile
wpfaeY ol[m av,mOfeJY c&D;oGm;cJhyg pdwf0ifpm;p&m aqmif;yg;wpfyk'fudk phone awGxu J camera awGukd toH;k
w,f/ olYa&SUrSm xdkifaewJh ]oaumihf zwf&w,f/ n§yf,ljyD; zkdifwGJxm;&r,fh jyKjyD; scanner tjzpf toHk;jyKum

48 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtufaq;

uGefysLwmxJudk xnfhay;wJh enf;vrf; aygif; 950 uae EkdifiHaygif; 200 u uJ cif A sm;wd k Y a &m? cif A sm;wd k Y
tjzpf pwifay;wJh ukrÜPDjzpfygw,f/ toH;k jyKaejyDvYkd qdyk gw,f/ us,fus,f vuf x J a &muf v m&if toH k ; jyKrS m yJ
olwdkYu ajymygw,f/ uGefysLwmpjyD; jyefYjyefY toHk;jyKaejyDvdkY qdk&rSm jzpfyg r[kwfvm;/ jyD;awmh wpfcg 'Dypönf;udk
ay:aygufvmwJh tcsdefupjyD; vlawG w,f/ 'gaMumifh urÇmrSm cell phone 0,fwmuvnf; 'Dvo kd ;kH csiv
f YdkyJ r[kwf
zwfvdkY&wJh t&mawGudk uGefysLwmawG awGukd scanner tjzpf? fax tjzpf pho- vm;/
u zwfvkdY&wJh t&mawG jzpfvmatmif tocopy tjzpf toHk;jyKvmygvdrfhr,f/ uJ cifAsm;wdkYrSm 'Dvdk oHk;p&mudpö
ajymif;vJay;EkdifzdkY MudK;pm;cJhygw,fwJh/ 'Dawmh bmjzpfrvJ/ tJ'Dypönf;awG awG&Sdxm;ovm;/ &Sdxm;&if 0,fyg/
Words pum;vHk;awGudk uGefysLwmu aysmufoGm;Ekdifygw,f/ uRef a wmf h t wG u f u awmh aqmh p &m
vufcHEkdifwJh data awGtjzpf ajymif;ay; 'Dvdk vkyfEkdifatmif uRefawmfwdkY ypönf;wpfckyJ/ uRefawmfuawmh 'Dvdk
ygw,f/ 'Dvkyfief;udk Scan R.com eJY awG bmawG vdkovJ/ Camera phone ypön;f rsK;d vufxaJ &mufvm&if uvdrmS
olY&JUjydKifbuf Qipit.com eJY tjcm; &,f? text recognition software &,f? yJ? aqmhrSmyJ/ tJ wpfckawmh uRefawmf
ukrÜPDrsm;u vkyfaqmifay;aeygjyD/ translation software &,fyv J ykd gw,f/ xdef;ygw,f/ uRefawmfhaMumifh wjcm;
vkyfaqmifcsdefu puúefY 30 avmufom Software ESpc f u
k awmh ypön;f xkwv f yk f vlawGrSm xdckdufrI? epfemrI r&Sdap&yg
Mumygw,f/ vlom;awGu rjrifEkdifyg olawGu xnfah y;ygvdrrhf ,f/ zke;f zd;k xJ bl;/ 'gawmh ,HkygAsm/
bl;/ tDvufx&Geef pfawGu zefw;D oGm; rSm 'D software awG&JU wefzkd;u ygae
ygw,f/ 'gawGu toHk;jyKwJh vlawG jyD; jzpfrSmygyJ/ uRefawmfwdkY 0,fvkduf OD;rsKd; (tkdifwD-tef;wdwf)
od p &mrvd k y gbl ; / ypö n f ; zef w D ; wJ h wJh ypönf;&JU wefzdk;xJrSm ygjyD;om;/ (Newsweek r*¾Zif;rS Jesse Ellison
vl a wG & J U wm0ef o m jzpf y gw,f / uRefawmfwYkd ylp&m r[kwyf gbl;/ ylp&m &JU How to make the cell phone
uRefawmfwdkYu uRefawmfwkdY vufxJ udpq ö &kd ifvnf; 0,fo;kH MurSm r[kwyf g into a portable scanner udk
a&mufvm&if toHk;jyKrSmyJ/ bmawG bl;/ uRefawmfwdkYudk customer awGyJ qDavsmfatmif jyefqkd
toH k ; jyKEk d i f o vJ / toH k ; jyKEk d i f w m ac:ac:? user awGyJvdkYyJac:ac: toifh a&;om;xm;ygw,f/)
tukefvkyfrSmygyJ/ xkwfvkyfwJh vlawG oHk;Ekdif&if jyD;ygw,f/
uvnf; 'DvlawGu bm
awGvdkcsifaeovJ? vdktyf
aeovJ?avhvmjyD;? pl;prf;
jyD; wDxGifzefwD;ay;aerSm
yJ jzpfygw,f/ jyD;awmh
ynm&Siaf wGukd zefw;D ckid ;f ?
jyD;awmh xkwfvkyfa&mif;
csrSm jzpfygw,f/ 'g[m
pD;yGm;a&; a&pD;aMumif;
MuD;yJ jzpfygw,f/
0efaqmifcuvnf;
oufomygw,f/ cifAsm;
toH k ; jyKcsif o avmuf
toHk; jyKyg/ wpfvvHk;rS
a':vm 3 a':vmyJ usyg
w,f / zk e f ; trsKd ; tpm;

{jyD 2008 49
 New Products

HP Pavilion Elite M9040N PC

Photoshop eJY tvkyfvkyfr,f/ 'grSr[kwf AD'D,dkudpö

twGuf transcoding awG vkyfr,f/ MP3 awG zefwD;r,fqdk
&if ,cif yDpDta[mif;awGeJY toHk;cs&ifawmh aES;auG;aejyD; Pocket eJY
personal
pdwfwkdif;us rzefwD;EkdifrSm aocsmygw,f/ ,cktcsdefrSm
Media Drive
tqifjh rifh rmvfwrD 'D ,
D m desktop av;udk toH;k jyK&awmhr,fh tvG,fwul wdYk xnfo
h k;H Ekid f
tcsdefjzpfygw,f/ 'Dvdk vkyfief;rsKd;awGeJY rvGJraoG ywfouf backup r,fh bays rsm;
Mu&awmhr,fq&kd if HP uxkww f hJ Pavilion Elite m90 40n vkyf,l tqifh wyfqif
qdkwJh desktop yDpDu aemufqHk;ay:jzpfwmaMumifh taumif; Ekid rf ,fh ay;xm;w,f/
qHk; pdwfwkdif;us jzpfoGm;apygvdrfhr,f/ tvGefaumif;wJh pGrf; cvkwf
aqmif&nfawGeJY feature awG wpfyHkwpfyif aygif;pyfjyD; rdrd
vdktyfcsufawGudk jznfhqnf;EkdifrSmjzpfw,f/ wefzdk;owfrSwf
csufuvnf; a':vm 1190 jzpfwmrdkY ajcEkdifvufEkdif jzpfap
ygvdrfhr,f/ wcsKdUu Populist price vdkY ac:Muw,f/ Intel
Core 2 Quad Q 6600 processor udk oHk;xm;jyD; memory
twGuf 3GB DDR2 SDRAM udk wyfxm;um odkrSD;pepf
twGuf RAID 0 array wpfcktwGif; 320 GB yrmP&Sdaom
SATA hard drive ESpv f ;kH udw
k jJG yD; wyfqifxm;w,f/ *&yfzpf Media Drive (desktop Class) eJY Pocket Media Drive
vkyif ef;awGtwGuf 256 MB &Sw d hJ nVidia Geforce 8400 GS (notebook class) bays ESpfrsKd;vHk;udk vufcH aqmif&GufEkdif
card udk xnfhay;vkdufw,f/ Optical drive twGuf dual wmyJjzpfw,f/ tm;enf;csuftaeeJYajym&&if HD DVD wdkY
layer DVD + RW drive yg&Sdvmw,f/ Blu-ray wdYk twGuf drive options ay;rxm;wmudk axmufjy
qufoG,f csdwfqufrIawGtwGuf over-the-air ATSC Ekdifygvdrfhr,f/
(HDTV) tuner wpfc?k wireless networking eJYmedia card ,cifu xkwfvkyfcJhwJh tqifhjrifh armf',f Pavillion
reader wpfckwdkYtjyif ports awG wpfyHkwpfyif yg&Sdvmwm M8100V eJY Edi I ;f ,SOMf unf&h if performance taeeJY qdzk ,
G &f m
awGY&w,f/ armufpfeJY uD;bkwfukdvnf; MudK;rJhpepfeJY zefwD; odyrf &Sv
d aS yr,fh aps;EIe;f taetxm;t& m90 40n u rsm;pGm
xm;ay;w,f/ m 90 40 n &JU xl;jcm;csufuawmh Personal oufomaewmudk awGY&ygw,f/

52 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 Western Digital My DVR Expander

TiVo HD awG? TiVo pD;&D;awGtwGuf favorite shows

awGukd pdwMf udKuforkd ;DS xm;vdo k al wGtMudKuf jzpfapEkid w
f ,f/ HD
TiVo box eJY wGJcsdwfjyD; toHk;jyKEkdifw,f/ 500 GB yrmPtxd
pyg,f&S,f wnfaqmufay;xm;wmjzpfwmrdkY ½dk;½dk; standard-
definition (3D) trsKd;tpm;awGtwGuf em&Daygif; 300 avmuf
txd tydkaqmif;ay;Ekdifovdk high-definition (HD) trsKd;tpm;
awGtwGuf em&Daygif; 60 avmuftxd xnfhxm;Ekdifygvdrfhr,f/
wu,fvdkY rdrd&JUuGefysLwm system eJY wGJzuf toHk;jyKvdkw,fqdk
&if TiVo Web site version 9.2 udk download vkyf,ljyD;rSom
oH;k Ekid rf mS jzpfw,f/ My DVR Expander eJY csdwq f uftoH;k rjyKrD
¤if;rSmygvmwJh instruction awGudk taotcsm zwf½IavhvmzdkY
vdkygw,f/ Instruction rSmygwJh vkyfief;pOf tqifhvkduftwkdif;
aqmif&Guf vkyfudkifrIr&Sd&if rdrd record vkyfxm;wmawG usef&pf
aysmufqHk;wmrsKd; &SdEkdifygw,f/ wu,fwrf; My DVR Expan-
der ukd 0,f,ltokH;jyKjyDqdk&ifawmh TiVo eJY Scientific Atlanta
wdYkeYJq&kd if tppt&m&m tm;vH;k tqifajyoGm;apEkid yf gw,f/ owf
rSww f efz;kd u 199 a':vmjzpfwmaMumifh aps;EIe;f MuD;w,fvYkd xif
aumif;xif&ayr,fh Favorite Shows awGudk pdwfwkdif;us odkrSD;
Munf½h EI idk w f maMumifh aps;EIe;f MuD;rIukd arhavsmhomG ;apygvdrrhf ,f/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Epson Perfection V500 Photo

t&nftaoG; tjrifhqHk;tqifheJY scan vkyfEkdifwmaMumifh
picture-perfect scanning wpfcv k Ykd ac:qdk owfrw
S Ef idk yf gw,f/
LED light source udk toHk;cs,ljcif;jzpfwmaMumifh warming
up vkyaf e&r,ft h csdeaf wG oufomapygw,f/ 6400 pixel-per-
inch (ppi) txd optical resolution &,lEkdifjyD; dust awG
scratches awGudk z,fxkwfEkdifa&;twGuf Digital ICE qdkwJh
[mh'f0J jznfhqnf;rIawGvdk txif;MuD;tm;xm;p&m features awG
trsm;MuD; yg&Sdaeygw,f/ Standard cold cathode fluores-
cent lamps udk toHk;rjyKwmaMumifh rmusL&DrJhjyD; ,aeY tav;
xm; aqmif&GufaeMuwJh green qdkwJh oefY&Sif;pifMu,frI tjynfh
t0&Sad eapw,f/ ¤if;jzifh "mwfyjkH zpfap? zvifjzpfap scan vky, f l
EkdifzdkY pDpOfxm;ay;w,f/ orm;½dk;us flatbed scanner wpfck
taeeJY setup tjyif Epson Twain driver wdkY Photoshop
Scan vky,
f l&orQukd PDF yHpk aH jymif; &ef
Elements wdYk ABBYY FineReader 6.0 Sprint wdYk uy kd g wpfyg
cvkwfwpfcsuf ESyd vf u
dk ½f ekH YJ &&SEd idk fw,f/
wnf;yg&SdvmrSmjzpfw,f/ tdrfoHk;taeeJYjzpfjzpf? ½Hk;oHk;taeeJYjzpf
tD;ar;vftjzpfvnf; wkduf½dkuf
jzpf toifhawmfqHk;jzpfum owfrSwfa&mif;cswJh wefzdk;u 249
ay;ydEYk idk w
f ,f/
a':vm jzpfygw,f/

54 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 NEW PRODUCTS

LG VX10000 Voyager
tvGef ay:jyLvmjzpfaeygw,fqdkwJh Apple &JU iPhone udk uk,
d fxnft&G,ftpm; 2 'or 1 vufr _ 4
,SOfjydKifvmwJh multitalented handset av;wpfckjzpfw,f/ plyg 'or 6 vufr _ 0 'or 7 vufr
yg0gxnfhay;vkdufwJh w,fvDzkef;trsKd;tpm;wpfckvdkYvnf; qdkEkdif
ygvdrfhr,f/ xl;xl;jcm;jcm; aumif;rGefvSwJh touch screen MudK;rJh
pepfoHk; pwD&D,dk music awG? line TV awG? GPS pepfawGudk
cHpm;EkdifwJhtjyif dual keyboard eJY qif,ifxm;w,f/ Voy-
ager udk Verizon &JUtaumif;qH;k text messaging device taeeJY
*dr;f
vnf;rSw, f El idk w
f ,f/ xdyw
f ef;pm&if;0if entertainment gadget
upm;&mrSm
taeeJYvnf; todtrSwfjyKxm;Ekdifw,f/ pm½dkuf&mwGif ouf
toH;k jyKzYkd cursor
aomifo h ufom&Sad pwJh keyboard ygvmwJt h jyif virtual keypad
key tydk tav;csed f 4 'or 7 atmifpyJ
udkvnf; oHk;Ekdifw,f/ Touch screen &JU yHkpH'DZkdif;u force feed-
xnfhxm;w,f/ &Sdw,f/
back awGeJYtwl bite back jzpfapwJh cvkwfawGygvmw,f/
Bluetooth pepfudk yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;w,f/ Internal memory
udk 183 MB txd &uf&ufa&ma&m ay;xm;jyD; micro SD card eJYvnf; xnfhjyD; oHk;Ekdifygao;w,f/ tm;enf;csufrSm Web
browser taeeJY tenf;i,f aES;w,f/ toHtjrifhqHk;xm;&if tenf;i,f toHa&maxG;rI&Sdw,f/ owfrSwfwefzdk;u 449
a':vmjzpfygw,f/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Epson Picturemate Dash

Epson ukrPÜ u
D xkwv f yk wf thJ xJrmS Picture Mate vkid ;f u
small-format awGtwGuf &yfwnfapjyD; xkwfvkyfvmcJhwmjzpf
vdktyfovdk w,f/ tck topfxw k v
f yk v
f u
dk wf hJ Dash armf',fuawmh tawmf
apmif;a&TEU idk w
f hJ av; tHhtm;oifhp&m trsm;tjym; awGYcJh&w,f/ Picture Mate
3 'or 6 vufr rsK;d qufawGxrJ mS topfviG q f ;Hk eJY aps;EIe;f tcsKo
d mqH;k jzpfaew,f/
t&G,f LCD "mwfyHkrxkwfrD ppfaq; Munfh½IzdkY 3 'or 6 vufrt&G,f&SdwJh
LCD screen udk wyfxm;w,f/ aemufwpfcu k jrefqefou G v f uf
rIt&Sq d ;kH jzpfaew,f/ Small-format photo awGukd tjrefq;kH xkwf
ay;Ekdifw,f/ yHkxkwfcEIef;xm;udk taotcsm wGufcsufMunfh&if
toufomqHk;jzpfaewmudkvnf; awGY&w,f/ Dash u xkxnf
9 'or 1 vufr _ MuD;aeoa,mif&Sdayr,fh oD;jcm; bufx&D option yg&SdwmrdkY
8 'or 7 vufr _ tvG,w f ul o,f,o l mG ;jyD; vQyfppf"mwftm;vkid ;f rvdb k J yHx
k wk f
6 'or 5 vufr ay;Ekdifw,f/ bufx&D wpfMudrftm;oGif;xm;&if "mwfyHkaygif;
t&G,t f pm; 140 avmufxw k Ef idk w
f ,fvYkd Epson u nTe;f qdx k m;w,f/ ½d;k &Si;f
&Sdw,f/ wJh setup av;vkyfjyD;oGm;wmeJY memory card u jzpfjzpf? Pict-
Bridge camera ujzpfjzpf? USB key u jzpfjzpf? uGefysLwmu
jzpfjzpf y&ifhxkwfEkdifoGm;apw,f/ "mwfyHkudk 42 puúefYeJY xkwfEkdif
rsuEf mS pm tzH;k udk
jyD; "mwfyw kH pfytkH wGuf qifah iG 25 avmufyJ usoifw h ,f/ tMuD;
output tray taeeJY
qHk; 4 vufr _ 6 vufryHkawG xkwfvkyfEkdifw,f/ owfrSwf
toHk;csEdkifw,f/
a&mif;cswJhaps;EIef;u 99 a':vmyJ jzpfygw,f/

56 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 NEW PRODUCTS

Haier Ibiza Rhapsody

yDpDuGefysLwmeJY qufoG,fp&mrvdkbJ setup utp udk,f

wkdifvkyfukdif,lEkdifwJh Portable Media Player av; wpfrsKd;jzpf
w,f/ Ibiza udk Rhapsody rSm vpOfaMu;ay;jyD; Wi-Fi pepfukd iPod Classic &JU
toHk;cs qufoG,f,lwJh vkyfief;pOfeJY vnfywfaprSmjzpfw,f/ screen t&G,f
odkrSD;yrmP 30 GB txd ay;xm;wmrdkY orm;½dk;us portable tpm;eJY twlwl
media player yHkpHtaetxm;twkdif; toHk;csEkdifw,f/ Ibiza jzpfw,f/
av;rSm AD', D akd wGvnf; MunfEh idk w
f ,f/ "mwfyakH wGvnf; MunfEh idk f
w,f/ FM radio pepfudkvnf; toHk;csEkdifw,f/ Web browser
wpfcktaeeJYvnf; MunfhEkdifw,f/ Bluetooth pepfukdvnf; cHpm;
cGifh ay;xm;ygao;w,f/ iPod awGrSm toHk;jyKwJh 2 'or 5
vufrt&G,f 320 _ 240 pixel resolution &SdwJh screen ygovdk
Zune rSm wyfqifxm;wJh touch-sensitive control pad yg&Sd
w,f/ 'gayr,fh iPod eJY Zune wdkYvdk vSvSyy 'DZkdif;yHkpHawmh r&Sd
ygbl;/ wu,fvYkd Rhapsody &JU service udk roH;k rcsvdb k ;l qd&k ifawmh yDpaD y:ujzpfap? Window Media Player ay:ujzpfap
Content awG aumuf,lEkdifcGifh &Sdygao;w,f/ Audio twGuf DRM-free AAC, MP3, WMA eJY WAV formats awG
oHk;EkdifjyD; video twGuf MPEG-4, WMJV eJY H.264 format awGudk oHk;Ekdifum "mwfyHktwGuf JPEG eJY PNG awGudk
oHk;Ekdifw,f/ wefzdk;rSm 329 a':vmjzpfw,f/
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Amazon Kindle
wu,fpmtkyaf y:rS pmvH;k rsm;udk wjznf;jznf;csif; ajymif;vJvmcJhwJh e-book vrf;aMumif;MuD;
zwf½aI e&onft
h vm; cHpm;cGi&hf w
dS ,f/ xJu ay:xGufvmwJh rD;cJ&J&Jav;vdkY wifpm;ajymqdkEkdifygvdrfhr,f/
E-book 'DZkdif;yHkpHawG topftopf ay:xGef;vm&muae tcktcg
wu,fph mtkyt f &G,t f pm;eJY zwf½cI iG &hf vmaom tajctaewpfrsKd;
jzpfvmcJhw,f/ tzHk;xlpmtkyfawGavmufrMuD;bJ taysmfzwf 0w¬K
pmtkyf t&G,ftpm;xuf tenf;i,fMuD;w,f/ tvGef jywfom;
MunfvifwJh electronic ink display toGiftjyifeJY zwf½IcGifh&rSm
jzpfw,f/ Text t&G,t f pm; 6 cktwGi;f vdt k yfovdk ajymif;a&TUzwf
½IEkdifw,f/ 180 MB yrmPtxd onboard memory udk ay;xm;
wmaMumifh ¤if;ESiyhf if pmtkyaf ygif; 200 avmufzwf½EI idk rf ,fo h abm
&Sdw,f/ 'DxufydkjyD; zwf½IEkdifzdkYtwGuf SD card slot wpfckvnf;
xnfah y;xm;ygao;w,f/ rdrzd wf½v I w kd phJ mtkyt
f rnfukd awGY&vdS udk f
onfESifh 10 puúefYtwGif; download vkyfay;vkdufum zwf½I&ef
toift h aetxm; &Ekid yf gw,f/ Amazon uae pmtkyw f pftyk uf kd
qifh 10 avmufeJY0,f,lEkdifrSmjzpfjyD; taysmfzwf0w¬KrsKd;qdkygu
QWERTY Keyboard yg&w dS ,f/ 3 qifhavmufeJY &,lEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ Amazon rS Kindle twGuf
e-books aygif; 88ç000 cefY toifh&SdaejyD;jzpfw,f/ owfrSwf
(e-book reader wkid ;f rSm ryg&wdS wfyg/)
wefzdk;u 399 a':vmjzpfwmrdkY aps;EIef;MuD;jrifhw,fvdkY xif&ay
r,fh tyDjyifqHk; reader tjzpf cHpm;cGifh&ygvdrfhr,f/

58 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 Fujitsu Lifebook S6510

tav;csdef 4 aygifom&SdjyD; 14 vufrt&G,ftpm;&SdwJh wide LED backlit

screen udk oHk;xm;wJh notebook av;jzpfwmaMumifh ayghayghyg; oHk; Crystal
yg; yyvTm;vTm;&Sv d w S hJ notebook trsKd;tpm;av;vdYk ajym&rSmjzpf View matte
w,f/ Fluorescent tubes awGtpm; LED backlights udk toHk; Screen
csxm;wmaMumifh screen udk ydí k yg;vTmatmif 'DZidk ;f jyKvkyv
f Ykd&oGm;
apw,f/ yg0goHk;pGJrIudkvnf; avsmhusoGm;apw,f/ wpfenf;
ajym&&if Fujitsu LifeBook av;u mobile computing &JU
vdiI ;f opfav;vdYk qkEd idk w
f ,f/ 2.4 GHz Intel Core 2 Duo T7700
processor wyfqifxm;jyD; 2GB DDR2 SDRAM eJY 358 MB
dual-layer
Intel Graphics Media Accelerator X 3100 eJY tm;jznfah y;xm;
DVD burner
w,f/ Hard drive &JU odkrDS;yrmPu 120 GB jzpfw,f/ yg0g
twGuf Lithium ion bufx&Dukd oHk;xm;jyD; wpfMudrftm;oGif;
xm;&if wpfqufwnf; 3 em&D 45 rdepftxd oHk;EkdifwmaMumifh
tvGeftm;&p&maumif;w,f/ Optical drive taeeJY dual-layer
DVD burner wyfqifxm;ay;w,f/ Video conference vkyfEkdifzdkY twGuf 1.3 megapixel webcam av;udkvnf; toifh
xnfah y;xm;w,f/ tydak qmif; application keys av;ck xyfxnfah y;xm;wmrdYk uD;bkwu f kd pwif toH;k jyKcsderf mS pdwt
f aESmifh
t,Sufjzpfp&m &SdEkdifygw,f/ Life Book S6510 &JU owfrSwfa&mif;aps;uawmh 2039 a':vmjzpfw,f/

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

LG 47LBX

47 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdjyD; tvGefpwkdifusvSywJh 'DZkdif;eJY

LG u xkwfvkyfcJhwJh LCD HDTV jzpfw,f/ 120-Hz display
47 vufrt&G,t
f pm; 1080p resolution
technology udkoHk;xm;wJhtwGuf a&GUvsm;ykH&dyfawGudk ydkjyD; jywf
screen &Sdw,f/
jywfom;om; xifxif&mS ;&Sm; awGYjrifciG &hf Ekid w f ,f/ qHvk nftxkid f
eJY jyKvkyx
f m;wmjzpfwmrdYk ab;bufukd 50 'D*&Davmuftxdvn S hf
a&TUupm;Edkifw,f/ txufatmufudk 25 'D*&Davmuf upm;Ekdif
w,f/ Viewing angles uvnf; 180 'D*&DavmufeD;eD; cGifhjyK
xm;ay;w,f/ Resolution 1920 x 1080 &SdjyD; 1080 p t&nf
taoG;jynfh high-definition udk xkwaf y;w,f/ Ports awGtaeeJY
HDMI oH;k ck? Component ESpc f ?k Composite ESpcf ?k USB wpfc?k
RF wpfc?k S-video ESpc f k VGA wpfcw k Ykdyg&Sjd yD; DVI eJY Fix Wire
qHkvnf awmhryg&Sday/ Video processing vkyfukdifolawGtwGuf
txkdif taumif;qHk;jzpfaeapjyD; MP3 eJY "mwfyHk JPEG awGudk play-
"mwfykaH wG Munfzh ?Ykd
oDcsi;f em;axmifzYkd back Munf½ h I em;qifzYkdvnf;cGijhf yKxm;ay;ygw,f/ topfpufpuf
USB port 0,f,w l thJ cgrsKd;rSm image quality udk vdt k yfovdk csden f w
§d wfzYkd
awmh vdkygw,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;cswJh aps;EIef;u 3499 a':vm
jzpfw,f/

60 uGefysLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

{jyD? 2008 61
 LG Flatron L206WU

axmifvkdufMunfhMunfh? tvsm;vkdufMunfhMunfh MunfhEkdifzdkY

tqift,if&SdwJh armfeDwmtrsKd;tpm;wpfckjzpfw,f/ Resolu- tvsm;vkduftaetxm;uae axmifvkduf
tion 1680 x 1050 xkwfay;Ekdifw,f/ oHk;pGJwJhae&mrSm USB - taetxm;udk ajymif;oHk;Ekid w
f hJ
connection eJYtoH;k csEi dk w
f ,f/ qHv k nftxkid yf g&Swd mrdYk ywfvnf swivel ygw,f/
vSn, hf El idk o
f vdk tvsm;vku d ?f axmifvu dk f vkt
d yfovdk xm;oH;k Ekid f
w,f/ rdrdyDpDay:rSm&SdwJh Display Link's virtual graphics card
software u zdodyfjyD; ydkYvTwfvkdufwJh graphics data awGudk
jyefvnf wifjyEkdifapr,fh ASIC (application -specific inte-
grated circuit) wyfqifyg&Sv d mw,f/ LG &JU tqdt k & ¤if;,lepf
xJrSm 8 MB flash drive jr§Kyfxnfhay;xm;w,fvdkY od&w,f/
'gaMumifh ud, k yf idk af qmhz0f eJ YJ twl uGeyf sLwmay:u aqmhz0f aJ wGeYJ
tvG,fwul csdwfquf vkyfukdifEkdifpGrf;&Sdw,f/ wu,fvdkYom
multiple-monitor setup rsKd;udk ajymif;a&TUoHk;r,fqdk&ifvnf;
xkdufxkdufwefwef toHk;jyKEkdifrSmjzpfw,f/ Response time u
tvGefjrefqefw,f/ tm;enf;csufwpfckrSm horizontal view-
ing angle aumif;ayr,fh vertical viewing angle u enf;enf;
pdwfwkdif;rus &SdEkdifw,f/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;u a':vm 350
jzpfw,f/

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Maxtor OneTouch 4 plus

rdrv
d yk u f idk x
f m;orQ data files awGukd pdwcf svufcs backup
vkyf odkrSD;EkdifapzdkY xkwfvkyfxm;wJhud&d,mjzpfw,f/ Maxtor u
awmh 'DodkrSD;ud&d,mukd master of disaster vdkY trnfay;xm;
w,f/ odkrSD;xm;EkdifwJh yrmPu 500 GB jzpfw,f/ data tvTJ
tajymif;udk tvGejf refqefpmG aqmif&u G af y;Ekid w
f ,f/ odrk ;DS ud&,
d m
awG wGufudef;twkdif; GB EIef;xm;t& usoifhaiGudkMunfh&if
tvGew f uG af jcudu k w f ,fvYkd qk&d rSmjzpfw,f/ owfrw S af &mif;cswhJ
wefzdk;u a':vm 200 wnf;&SdwmrdkYjzpfw,f/ ¤if;&JU program
backup u Operating System jzpfap? application awGjzpfap?
documents awGjzpfap tm;vHk;udk odkrSD;xm;EkdifcGifhay;xm;w,f/
tm;enf;csuftaeeJYuawmh Windows XP eJY Windows Vista
wdYk twGuyf J oH;k Ekid cf iG &hf w
dS mjzpfw,f/ Mac toH;k jyKolawGtwGuf
toHk;cscGifh r&Ekdifay/ csdwfqufaqmif&GufrI vkyf&mrSmvnf; re-
6 'or 8 vufr _ 6 vufr _ 2 'or 5 sponse time u tvGefjrefqefw,f/ One Touch 4 Plus udk
vufr t&G,ftpm;&Sdw,f/ pdwfcsvufcsoHk;Ekdifovdk warranty uvnf; 5 ESpftxd ay;xm;
ygao;w,f/

62 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 New Products In Yangon
Epson Stylus C110
Epson Stylus C 90 taeeJY jrefrmaps;uGur f mS tawmf av;
ay:jyLvmjzpfcJh&w,f/ 2008 ckESpftwGuf xyfrHí Stylus C110
a&muf&v dS mjyefjyDjzpfygw,f/ C 110 u tdro f ;kH tqifx h uf ½H;k oH;k ?
tzGJYtpnf;oHk;taeeJYtxd oHk;zdkY ydkjyD; tqifajyapEkdifygw,f/
avqmy&ifwmawG tjzLtrnf;xkwfwJh tjrefEIef;xm;twkdif;
default speed eJY xkwfEkdifw,f/ Text awGtwGuf y&ifhxkwfjyD;
xGuv f mwJh t&nftaoG;u rdEk akd vqmy&ifwmawGeYJ twlw&l adS e
w,f/ 'gayr,fh a&mif;cswhJ aps;EIe;f uawmh avqmy&ifwmawG&UJ
xuf0ufEIef;xm;avmufyJ &Sdygw,f/ INK dividual Cartridge
eJY oHk;&wmrdkY vdktyfwJhta&mifudkyJ tpm;xdk;oHk;EkdifwJhtwGuf rif
tv[ójzpfrI r&SEd idk af wmhay/ DURA Brite Ultra riftrsK;d tpm;
jzpfwmrdYk "mwfyakH wGxw k w
f t
hJ cg ta&mifviG rhf eI nf;yg;jyD; Mum&Sncf H
tMurf;cHyHkESdyfxm;csufrsKd;awG &apygw,f/ Cartridge wpfckcsif;&JU aps;EIef;uvnf; toHk;jyKEkdifavmufwJh wefzdk;avmufom
jzpfw,f/ Epson &JU tnTef;t& 5760 dpi t&nftaoG;eJY y&ifhxkwfay;rSmvdkY od&w,f/ «tvdk&Sdygu Client Focus
ta&mif;qkdifwGif vufvDvufum; 0,f,l&&SdEkdifygw,f/»
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Epson Stylus CX9300F

½Hk;vkyfief; tao;pm;awGrSm Fax udpötwGufyg &Hzef&Hcg

wGJoHk;Mu&wJhtwGuf ajz&Sif;jyD;om;jzpfayr,fh all-in-one trsKd;
tpm; y&ifwmjzpfw,f/ Fax udpöudk ADF (automatic docu-
ment feeder) eJY xyfrjH znfq h nf;ay;xm;ygao;w,f/ ADF pepf
yg&SdwmrdkY fax udpötjyif copying udpöeJY scanning udpöawGrSm
vnf; tqufrjywf tvdt k avsmufvyk u
f idk Ef idk af pw,f/ pmrsuEf mS
30 txd tqufrjywf csdefwG,fxm;&SdEkdifw,f/ y&ifhxkwfwJh
speed uvnf; wpfrdepfudk 32 rsufESmtxd ½dkufxkwfay;Ekdifwm
aMumifh tjrefq;kH y&ifwm pm&if;0if jzpfaecJw h ,f/ INK dividual
Cartridge udy k J toH;k jyKxm;wJth wGuf ukeo f mG ;wJt h a&miftwGuf
yJ jznfhay;p&m vdkw,f/ Wastage r&Sdapawmhay/ riftrsKd;tpm;
uvnf; DURA Brite Ultra yJjzpfwmrdkY xkwfxm;wJhyHkawGu
aea&mifcH? a&pdrfcH? tMurf;cHtqifhudk &&SdEkdifapygw,f/ xl;jcm;csufuawmh fax toHk;jyKvdkY&wJh all-in-one tqifh0if
trsKd;tpm;awGxJrSm 2 'or 5 vufrt&G,f colour LCD screen av; wyfqifay;vkdufwmyJjzpfw,f/ Pict Bridge pepf
udkvnf; oHk;cGifhay;xm;w,f/ vkyfief;rsm;olawGtwGuf high capacity black cartridge wpfrsKd;udk option tjzpf &Ekdif
w,f/ «tvdk&Sdygu Client Focus ta&mif;qkdifwGif 0,f,l&&SdEkdifygw,f/»

64 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 NEW PRODUCTS IN YANGON

MSI-PR 200 Crystal Notebook

aps;EIe;f oufoufomomeJY oyfoyf&yf&yf vSvyS y csppf zG,f
notebook uGefysLwmav;jzpfw,f/ Vaio wdkY? Faraari wdkYudk
,SOfjyD; aps;uGufwifvmwJh trsKd;tpm;wpfckqdk&ifvnf; rrSm;Ekdif
ay/ aemufqHk;ay: Intel &JU Centrino Duo Processor udk oHk;
xm;jyD; 1GB DDR2 Memory eJY UMA graphic eJY video
module wyfqifay;xm;w,f/ yHkazmfrsufESmjyif t&G,ftpm;u
12 vufr&Sjd yD; WXGA ACV display trsK;d tpm;jzpfw,f/ odrk ;DS
pepftwGuf 80 GB hard drive eJY optical twGuf DVD Super
Multi Cambo drive xnfah y;xm;w,f/ 1.3 Mp Webcan av;
wpfckeJY 4-in-1 Card Reader yg&SdwmrdkY ydkjyD; jynfhpHkoGm;apw,f/
qufoG,fa&; vkyfief;awGtwGuf Built-in Gigabit Ethernet
LAN eJY Moden Module wyfqifxm;wJhtjyif built-in 802
11n WLAN Card eJY Bluetooth pepfwdkY yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;xm;
ygw,f/ vnfywfpepfudk Window Vista Business version
toifh wifxm;ay;jyD;jzpfw,f/ tav;csed u f 1 'or 8 uDvo kd m
av;w,f/ «tvd&k ydS gu 36 vrf; Smart Computer ta&mif;qkid f
rSm 0,f,l&&SdEkdifygw,f/»
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

MSI GX 710 Notebook

vnfywfpepftacGeJY Window Vista Home Premium eJY

toifo h iG ;f yg&Sv
d mjyD; entertainment notebook vdYk nTe;f qdx
k m;
ygw,f/ aemufqHk;ay: AMD Mobile Turion X2 processor
udk oHk;xm;wmuvnf; tvGefpdwf0ifpm;p&m aumif;vSw,f/
yHkazmfrsufESmjyifu desktop replacement yHkpHjyK 17 vufr
t&G,f WSXGA/ WUXGA ACV display wyfqifxm;w,f/
*&yfzpftiftm;twGuf ATI HD 2600 Graphic (512 MB) txd
&Sdaew,f/ ukd,fxnf tqift,if? tvSty wefqmqifrIu
vnf; qGJaqmifrI &Sdapygw,f/ *drf;upm;olawGtwGuf uD;bkwf
rSm a&mifpHkjc,f W,A,S,D qdkwJh buttons awGyg xnfhay;xm;
w,f/ toHykdif;qkdif&mrSm Theater Class &SdwJh high-Stereo
Speaker av;vHk;eJY subwoofer eJY yHhydk; jznfhqnf;xm;yHkuvnf;
aumif;vSw,f/ 1 GB memory eJY twl 80 GB &SdwJh hard disk
u azsmfajza&;vkyfief;awGudk jynfhpHkoGm;apw,f/ Optical drive
taeeJY DVD Super Multi/ Combo HD DVD udk oHk;xm;w,f/ qufoG,fa&;pepftwGuf Built-in Ethernet LAN eJY
Moden module awGtjyif 802.11 b/g WLAN card eJY Bluetooth pepfawGudk yHhydk;ay;xm;wm awGY&w,f/ «tvkd&Sdygu
36 vrf; Smart Computer ta&mif;qkdifrSm 0,f,l&&SdEkdifygw,f/»

66 uGefysLwm*sme,f
68 uGefysLwm*sme,f
tEÅ&m,fuif; oefY&Sif;aom
yDpDwpfvHk;qDokdY ajcvSrf; 10
yg0gjr§ifhwifwhJ enf;ynmeJY pD;yGm;a&;½Iaxmifh o[Zmw rQzkdYqkdwm odyfvG,fvSwhJtvkyf r[kwfyg/
'gayr,fh ylyefrIawG avQmhcsEdkifzkdYtwGuf vufwkdYtnTef; 10 ckawmh &Sdygw,f/
enf;ynm wkd;wuf jrifhrm;vmwmudk axGaxG&m&m ud&d,mav;awG jrwfEdk;wG,fwmMuwhJ
olawGtwGuf topftopfawG xGuaf y:vmwkid ;f owif;aumif;awGcsn;f yJvYdk ,lqMuw,f/ 'gayr,fh
ywf0ef;usiftEÅ&m,fuif; oefY&Sif;a&; ½Iaxmifhu Munhfr,fqkdawmh 'gawGtm;vHk;u owif;aumif;
awGtaeeJY ,lqMuvdrfhr,f r[kwfygbl;/ udk,fh&JU ywf0ef;usif tDvufx&Gefepf ypönf;awG wpfaeY
wjcm; ydkrdk rsm;vmchJwhJtavsmuf tDvufx&Gefepf pGefYypfypönf;awGvnf; &SdvmrSm trSefjzpfw,f/
'Dypön;f awGxrJ mS vlukd tEÅ&m,f jzpfapEdik w
f Jh tqdyt
f awmuf "mwkypön;f awG &Sad eygw,f/ vlawGukd
tEÅ&m,frjzpfapzkdY b,fvkdvkyfMurvJqkdwhJ vkdtyfcsufuvnf; wpfaeYwjcm; MuD;xGm;vmapw,f/
tqkd;0g;qHk; jyóemuawmh pGrf;tif ykd&&SdzkdY "mwkwHkYjyefrIawG ydkvkdvmwmyJ jzpfw,f/ 'Dudpöudk
txl;tav;xm; aqmif&Guf,lMu&rSm jzpfygw,f/
tEÅ&m,fuif; oefY&Sif;whJ tajctaersKd;&EkdifzkdY yDpDtoHk;jyKolawGeJY yDpDxkwfvkyfolawG ESpfOD;ESpfzuf
wm0ef&SdaeMuygw,f/ jyD;chJwhJ ESpfESpfu Greenpeace qkdwhJ tkyfpkwpfpku Apple tay: ta&;w,l
aqmif&GufrIawG &SdchJw,f/ tjyif;txef a0zefrIawG &SdchJwmaMumifh jyD;chJwhJESpfupjyD; Steve Jobs
taeeJY jyKjyKjyifjyifav;awG vkyfvmwmudk awGU&w,f/
wjcm; yDpDxkwfvkyfolawGtaeeJYvnf; olwkdY&JU pGrf;tif xda&mufa&;jyóem tajctaetay: qlql
nHnHawG jzpfukefMu&w,f/ Carbon footprints awGudk avQmhcszkdY tqdyftawmuf jzpfapr,fh
tpdwftykdif;awGeJY non renewable awGudk twwfEkdifqHk; jzKwfcszkdY tpDtpOfawG jyKvkyfMu&awmh
w,f/ 'gaMumifh Laptops awGtwGuf Santa Rosa wkdY? centrino wkdYvkd processors awG
xGuaf y:vm&w,f/ energy efficient jzpfru I vnf; Carbon-neutral PC qDukd vSr;f r,fh ajcvSr;f awG
jzpfw,f/
Laptops awGrSm hard disk awGtpm; Flash memory awG toHk;jyKvm&jcif;uvnf; a&G;cs,f
ajz&Sif;rIenf;vrf;wpfck jzpfapchJygw,f/ Data awGudkvnf; memroy tjzpf xnhfoGif; okdrSD;whJtcg
csyfjym;awG vnfywfvkyfukdifay;&whJ tajctaersKd; r&Sdawmhwmu tusKd;jzpfxGef;apEkdifchJygw,f/
'gayr,fh aps;EIef;tcGifhtvrf;eJY ywfoufvkdY yxrqHk; tcuftcJ jzpfchJMu&w,f/ Sony &JU Vaio
TZ18GN qkd&if a':vm 1200 avmuf wefaMu; &SdoGm;w,f/ wu,fvkdYom hard disk eJY
xkwfvkyfr,fqkd&if tJ'DEIef;xm;&JU xuf0ufavmufyJ &Sdr,f/ odkrSD;yrmPqkd&ifvnf; acwft& 100
GB avmuf&Sd&r,fhtpm; 32GB avmufeJYyJ auseyfchJMu&w,f/ 'gayr,fhvnf; 'Daps;EIef; tcGifh
tvrf;udpöu odyfrMumcifrSmyJ avsmhusvmzG,f&mtaMumif; &Sdygw,f/

{jyD? 2008 69
 1/ acwåcP wpfarS;tdyyf gap/
wu,fvkdY rdrd&JUuD;bkwfudk 10 rdepfwmtcsdefavmuftxd xdwkdYrIr&SdchJ&if rdrd
yDpDu sleep taetxm; a&mufoGm;rSm jzpfw,f/ Preset period qdkwhJae&mrSm
rdrdukd,fwkdif jyqkdwhJ power-saving mode twkdif; screen udk ydwfoGm;apw,f/
Flat-panel awGu ,cifta[mif;pwkdif CRT display awGavmuf yg0goHk;pGJrI
rrsm;ayr,fhvnf; 'D mode udk qufvuftoHk;cs&rSm jzpfygw,f/ tJ'Dvkd
setting vkyfzkdY desktop jzpfjzpf? Laptop rSmyJ jzpfjzpf Control Panel u
wpfqifh Power options udk 0ifa&mufjyD; screen power-off schedule udk
oifhawmfovkd a&G;cs,fxm;&Sd&ygvdrhfr,f/ Screen savers awGqkdwm screen
burn rjzpfapzkdYom tumtuG,fay;wm jzpfw,f/ yg0goHk;pGJrIudk ravsmhus
apygbl;/ 'Dae&mrSm screen twGuf toHk;jyK&r,fh yg0gudkom ydwfxm;apwm
jzpfjyD; system wpfckvHk;udk yg0gydwfxm;vkdufwhJ oabmr[kwfyg/
Power scheme option eJY ywfoufjyD; wjcm; enf;vrf;wpfckvnf; &Sdyg
ao;w,f/ Laptop wpfcktaeeJY bufx&Dyg0geJYyJ toHk;jyKrvm;? vQyfppfyg0g
udkyg ,lrvm;qkdwhJ tvdktavsmuf csdefn§day;whJpepfrsKd;awGvnf; &Sdaeygw,f/
Energy Star's (eu-energystar.org) vkdY energy-use calculator pepfudkvnf;
tGefvkdif;uwpfqifh toHk;csEkdifygao;w,f/ tcsdef b,favmufMumoHk;r,f?
oHk;whJ screen t&G,ftpm;u b,favmuf &Sdw,fqdkwmtay: tajcjyKjyD;
wGufcsuf vkyfukdifay;ygw,f/

Power Rangers 2/ tm;vH;k udk ydw,

f yl g/
uGeyf sLwmtajrmuftjrm; Fujitsu &JU avhvmawGU&Sdcsuft& jAdwdefEkdifiHwGifyDpDawG oHk;pGJ&if; zGifhxm;wmaMumifh a':vm
toHk;csae&whJae&mrSm oef; 200 cefY tv[ó jzpf&w,fvkdY qkdw,f/ pGrf;tif jzKef;wD;rIjzpfapovdk aiGaMu;
pDrt
H yk cf sKyfow
l pfa,muf wpfyHkwpfyif jzKef;wD;&mvnf; a&mufchJ&w,f/ uGefysLwmwpfvHk;csif; wpfESpfywfvHk;vHk; toHk;
taeeJ Y yg0g oH k ; pG J r I jyK&whJtwGuf a':vmaiG 60 avmuf ydkrdkukefusoGm;apw,f/ wu,fvkdYom uGefysLwmawGudk
avQmh c sa&;ud k tav; ntcsdefeJY we*FaEGvkd aeY&ufawGrSm ydwfxm;Ekdifr,fqkd&if wpfESpfudk 17 a':vmavmuf
xm; aqmif&GufMu&rSm oufomaprSm jzpfw,f/ pGrf;tifudk acRacRwmwmeJY toHk;jyK&if aumfzDcGufa&aygif; 35,000
jzpfw,f/ ydwfjcif;? zGifh avmuf oufomaprSm jzpfw,fvkdY Carbon Trust u wGufcsufwifjyoGm;chJw,f/ uGefysLwm
jcif;? em;jcif; qkdwmawG tpdwftykdif;awG ydwfvkduf? zGifhvkduf rMumcPvkyf&if ysufpD;wwfwmrdkY yDpDudk qufvuf
udk ydkrdk xdef;csKyfEkdifzkdY toHk;jyKOD;r,fvkdY &nf&G,fxm;&if wpfqufwnf;zGifhxm;wm aumif;r,fvkdY jiif;csuf
Faronic &J U Power xkwfvkdolawGvnf; &Sdaumif;&SdMuygvdrhfr,f/ aemufwpfcku ydwfvkduf? zGifhvkduf vkyf&wmukdu
Save udk waphwapmif; pGrf;tif ykdoHk;&m a&mufw,fvkdY qkdEkdifw,f/ b,fvkdtaMumif;jycsufawG &Sdaeygap *&if;
Munhf ½I oifh yg w,f/ yDpDjzpfa&;twGuf rvkdtyfvQif ydwfxm;EkdifzkdY rvGJraoG pOf;pm;aqmif&Guf&rSm jzpfw,f/
tJ'DtxJrSm CPU udpö? 10 rdepf? 15 rdepftwGif; jyefzGifh&ef&Sdw,fqkd&ifawmh 'Djiif;csufawGu rSefuefaeygvdrhfr,f/
network udpöeJY hard wpfnvHk; toHk;rjyKbJxm;&whJ ½Hk;cef;vkd ae&mrsKd;rSm tvkyfcsdeftwGif; toHk;jyKawmhr,fvkdY
drive toH;k jyKrI udpaö wG jyifqifwhJtcg Start up twGuf apmifhraevkd&if 0if;'kd;MuD; rwifrD Setup menu uD;udkESdyfjyD;
twGufyg csdefn§d,lEkdif Power Management Options uwpfqifh rdrd tvkd&Sdaom tcsdefwGif jyefpzGifh&efeJY tcsufjyrI
whJ setting awG &Sdaeyg &SdEkdifap&ef csdefay;xm;Ekdifygw,f/ ydwfcsdefZ,m;udkvnf; vkyfxm;Ekdifygao;w,f/ ½Hk;cef;u
w,f/ xGufcGmoGm;jyD;whJaemuf rdrdvkyfukdifxm;orQudk backup program eJY vkyfukdifxm;EkdifzkdY op-
(www.faronics.com) tion aumif;rsm;vnf; vkdtyfaewwfygw,f/ y&ifwmtwGuf y&ifhxkwf,lzkdY tqifoifhjzpfwhJ
tcsdefrS zGifh,ljcif;u vkyfoifhwhJ tavhtusifh jzpfw,f/ y&ifwmudk csufcsif;toHk;rjyKbJ
zGifhrxm;oifhay/ rvkdvm;tyfwhJ pGrf;tifoHk;pGJrI jzpfaeapygw,f/ yDpDudk ydwfxm;jyD; usb
port uwpfqifh w,fvDzkef;bufx&Dtm;oGif;pufudk wyfxm;&ifvnf; yg0gudk qufoHk;aewmeJY
twlwl jzpfaeapEkdifw,f/
70 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 3/ yg0g,zdk w
d rf I [efw
Y m;jcif;
yDpDudkawmh ydwfxm;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh yg0g,dkzdwfrI
vHk;0r&Sdap&ef aocsmapcsifw,fqkd&if yDpDtoHk;jyKwhJ
yg0gMudK;yvyfudk vQyfppfyvyfaygufu jzKwfxm;
vkdufwm taumif;qHk; jzpfaeygvdrhfr,f/ taMumif;
rSm uGefysLwmjzpfjzpf? armfeDwmjzpfjzpf jyefzGifhwhJtcg
tqifoifhvkyfukdifEkdifzkdY standby mode qkdwm &Sdae
ao;wmrkdY jzpfw,f/ 'D*spfw,fuifr&mwkdY? mo-
bile phone wkdY? iPod wdkYudk power adaptor wyfoHk;
aeorQ yg0gudk oHk;pGJaerSmyJ jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh
'Dud&d,mav;awGudk wyfrxm;whJtcgrsKd;rSm power
adaptor udk yvyfaygufu jzKwfxm;oifhw,f/
wu,fvkdY rjzKwfbJxm;r,fqkd&if tenf;qHk; 2 W
avmuf toHk;jyKaerSm jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh yg0g
4/ Energy Star &dSaeygap ,dkzdwfrI [efYwm;xm;whJ taeeJY t½dk;&Sif;qHk; enf;
vrf;taeeJY yvyfawGjzKwfxm;zkdY ta&;MuD;ygw,f/
Energy Star Sticker awGuyfxm;jyD; yg0goHk;pGJrI acRwma&;twGuf
wcsKdU ukrÜPDawGu yg0g,kdzdwfrIr&Sdapa&;twGuf
owday;vkyfaqmifcsufawGvnf; xm;wwfMuw,f/ Standby
&nf&G,fjyD; Micromark uxkwfwhJ £ 21 timer plug
mode ygwhJ CRT armfeDwmrsKd;awGrSm uyfxm;avh &Sdw,f/ b,fvkd
awG oHk;Muw,f/ Bye Bye Standby rsKd;ukduvnf;
yJjzpfjzpf flat-panels awGuawmh CRT xuf yg0goHk;pGJrI enf;wm
ud&d,mawGtwGuf tvGeftoHk;0ifapygw,f/
trSefjzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifh y&ifwm0,f0,f? wjcm;qufET,fypönf;
ud&d,mwpfckudk 0,f0,f Energy Star logo av; ygryg tao
tcsm ppfaq;,loifhw,f/
Energy Star Cabel av;yg&ifyJ yg0goHk;pGJrI xdxda&mufa&muf
ay;r,fvkdYvnf; oabmaygufem;vnfxm;Ekdifw,f/ aemufwpfcku
uGefysLwmeJY qufET,fypönf;awGrSm Low-power sleep mode
ygw,fqkdwhJ vrf;nTefcsufrsKd; &Sd r&Sd ppfaq;oihfygw,f/ tao;
pdwf odvkd&if Energy Star (www. energy-star.org) qkdwhJ web
site xJrSm yg0gacRwma&;pepfawG xnhfxm;jyD;jzpfwhJ trsKd;tpm;
awG? wHqdyfawGeJY feature awGudk awGUjrifMu&ygvdrhfr,f/

5/ Flat-Panel display udk toHk;jyKjcif;

yDpDaps;uGufxJrSm 24 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdwhJ flat-panel display rsKd;udk rarQmfrSef;EkdifwhJwkdif oifhwifhwhJ
t&G,ftpm;&SdwhJ flat-panel display wpfckckudk toHk;jyKoifhw,f/ CRT armfeDwmqkdwm omreftaetxm;t&
75 W avmuftxd yg0gudk qGJ,ltoHk;jyKavh&Sdw,f/ Flat-panel trsm;pkuawmh 25 W avmufyJ toHk;csrSm
jzpfw,f/ cJowåKtoHk;jyKwhJae&mrSmvnf; CRT awG&JU wnfaqmufrIu LCD awG wnfaqmufrIxuf
ykdrdkrsm;jym;whJ taetxm;eJY toHk;jyKxm;avh&Sdw,f/ CRT armfeDwmwpfvHk;rSm ysrf;rQtav;csdef 1 'or
36 uDvkdavmuf cJowåK yg&Sdaewwfw,f/ LCDs awGrSmawmh *&rftenf;i,favmufom yg&SdrSm jzpfw,f/
Philips uxkwfwhJ 19 vufr t&G,ftpm;&SdwhJ 19OC8FS wkdYvkd armfeDwmtawmfrsm;rsm;rSm cJowåK
vHk;0ryg&Sdoavmuf jzpfaeygw,f/ uHtm;avsmfpGm CRT armfeDwmawG toHk;jyKrIawGuvnf; oHk;pGJoltvkdt&
tvkdvdk avsmhusaejyDjzpfwmrkdY flat-panel 0,f,ltoHk;jyKa&;udk txl;wkdufwGef;aep&m rvkdtyfawmhay/
Energy Saving Trust tqkdt& DAB radio awGu digital TV wpfvHk;u toHvTifhcsuf twlwludk cHpm;
ae&if;yif yg0goHk;pGJrI 10 quae tq 20 txd enf;aewm awGU&w,fvkdY qdkw,f/

{jyD? 2008 71
 6/ RoHS udk em;vnfjcif;
2006 ckESpf? Zlvkdifvu Oa&my,leD,rftaeeJY RoHS (The
Restriction of Hazardus Substances directive) qkdwmudk
taumiftxnf azmfchJw,f/ 'DpDrHnTefMum;rIxJrSm tDvufx&Gef
7/ puúLrhJ pDpOfaqmif&Gufjcif; ypönf;ud&d,mawG xkwfvkyfwhJae&mawGrSm cJ? rmusL&D? uufrD,rf?
ywf0ef;usif oefY&Sif;a&;twGuf puúLtpm; [kdufZmaA;vifh c½kdrD,rf? ay:vDb½kdrDedwf bkdzDEkdifeJY ay:vD
'D*spfw,fpepfudk toHk;jyKjcif;[m wpfzufwpfvrf; b½kdrDedwf 'DzDEdkifawGudk roHk;pGJzkdY txl;wm;jrpfchJw,f/ Oa&my
taxmuftuljyKapEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ aiGaMu;ukefusrI ,leD,rfEkdifiHawGtwGif; toHk;cszkdY a&mif;cswhJypönf;jzpfap? wjcm;
vnf; oufomrSmjzpfw,f/ okawoejyKjyD; avhvm EdkifiHawGu wifoGif;vmwhJypönf;jzpfap RoHS twdkif; vkdufem
csuft& ½Hk;vkyfief;awGrSm 0efxrf;awGtaeeJY rvkd jyD;om; jzpfaeap&r,f/ b,fvkdyJjzpfjzpf Apple u Steve Jobs
vm;tyfbJ puúLoHk;pGJrI wpfaeYwpfaeYudk pm&Gufa& u tD;,lukrÜPDwcsKdUu RoHS udk vkdufemrIr&Sdbl;vkdY xkwfazmf
50 avmuf&SdEkdifw,fvkdY qkdw,f/ jAdwdefEkdifiH taeeJY ajymMum;chJzl;w,f/ tJ'DukrÜPDawGurl 'Dvkdypönf;rsKd;awGtwGuf
'DvkdtajctaersKd;eJY wpfESpfwpfESpf pma&;puúLaygif; tD;,lxHu uif;vGwfcGifhawmif;jyD;jzpfaMumif; acsychJzl;ygw,f/
wefcsdef 5 oef;avmuf tv[ójzpfae&w,fvkdY
oHk;oyfMuw,f/ 'Dvkdtv[ójzpfrIawGudk umuG,f
apcsif&if wpfrsufESmwnf;oHk;r,fhtpm; wpfzuf
acsmawGukdvnf; jyefvnftoHk;jyKoifhw,fvkdY tMuH
jyKMuw,f/ y&ifhxkwf&mrSm roHk;whJwkdif wpfzufacsm
awGudk pmMurf;oHk;tjzpf aqmif&Gufoifhygw,f/
tD;ar;vfawmfawmfrsm;rsm;eJY documents awmfawmf
rsm;rsm;uvnf; on screen ay:rSmzwfjyD; od&SdwmeJY
hard disk xJrSm odrf;xm;vkdY&wmrsKd; jzpfEkdifwmrkdY
'Dvkd tavhtusifhrsKd;awG vkyfukdifoifhygw,f/ rSwf Greenpeace ajymMum;csuf
wrf; rSwf&mtaeeJY xm;vkdvQifvnf; PDF file jzpfEkdif&if tDvufx&Gefepfypönf;awGudk 0,f,ltoHk;jyKjcif;xuf iSm;&rf;
ajymif;jyD; odrf;xm;Ekdifygao;w,f/ tJ'DudpötwGuf toHk;jyKjcif;udk OD;pm;ay; pOf;pm;oifhw,f/ replace equipment rsKd;udk toHk;jyK
Backup4 all novaPDF Lite-5.1 udk toHk;jyKEkdifyg &mrSmvnf; xkwfvkyfolu ta[mif;rsm; jyefvnfvufcHygw,fqkdwhJ trsKd;
w,f/ Webpage udk aemufxyfwpfMudrf zwf½Ivkd tpm;udk a&G;cs,foifhw,f/ pGefYypfypönf; vufcHaqmif&GufwhJ tzGJUtpnf;u
ao;&if y&ifhrxkwfawmhbJ select file print > PDF recycle jyefvkyfvkdY &Ekdifoavmuf &atmif ydkrdkMudK;pm;,lMuygw,f/ 'DtzGJU
pop-up menu udkzGifhjyD; PDF eJY save vkyf&ef nTef tpnf;awGu wpfppDjzKwfvkyfrIudk wm0efay;xm;olawGudkvnf; ab;tEÅ&m,f
Mum;rI jyKoifhygw,f/ tumtuG,rf sKd;eJY pDrq H mif&u
G x f m;avh &SMd uygw,f/ xkwv
f yk rf aI wGu ta[mif;
ypönf;awGudk jyefvnfvdkufvH aumufcHodrf;qnf;&mrSmvdk o,f,lolawGtwGuf
vHjk cHKrI&w
dS Jh equipment awGeYJ aqmif&u
G af pMuw,f/ Greenpeace eJY ywfoufwJh
A[kokwawGudk zwf½Ivkdygu Guide to Greener Electronics (tinyurl.com /
yqpoxq) udk 0ifa&muf Munhf½IEdkifygw,f/

8/ rvkdtyfbJ c&D;oGm;jcif; &Sdaewwfygao;w,f/ Broadband connection awG webcams awG? video-

Carbon footprint udk a&SmifvTJwhJenf;vrf; conferencing eJY webcasting tools awG toHk;cszkdY tcGifhtvrf;awG &SdaejyDjzpfae
awmfawmfrsm;rsm; &SdaejyD jzpfw,f/ txda&mufqHk; wmrdkY rvkdtyfbJ c&D;oGm;&whJ tajctaeu vGefajrmufEkdifygw,f/ c&D;oGm;rI
enf;vrf;uawmh trSefwu,f rvkdtyfbJ c&D;roGm; twGuf ,mOfudktoHk;jyKwhJtcg CO2 awGudk zdwfac:ovkd jzpfaeapw,fvkdY
zkdYyJ jzpfw,f/ c&D;oGm;jcif;aMumifh av,mOfcawG? Native Energy wkdY TerraPass wkdYu qkdMuw,f/ tJ'DukrÜPDawGu aiGaMu;
[kdw,fcawGomru rjrifomwhJ ukefusrIp&dwfawG ½kdufcwfrItjyif pGrf;tifudpöukdyg xnhfoGif; wGufcsuf,lavh &SdMuwmjzpfw,f/

74 uGefysLwm*sme,f
9/ vufvGwfpy,f pGefYypfrI rjyKjcif;
[mh'f0Jta[mif;awG pGefYypfrItwGuf toHk;jyKwkdif;rSm wm0ef&Sdygw,f/ tDvuf
x&Gefypönf;awGeJY uGefysLwmawGrSm tqdyftawmufjzpfapwhJ cJvkdypönf;awG
trsm;tjym; ygaewmrdkY enf;rSefvrf;rSef pGefYypfrIr&Sd&if ajrMuD;xJudk ,kdpdrfhrIawG
&SdoGm;Ekdifapygw,f/ jAdwdefEkdifiH uGefysLwmtzGJUcsKyfOuú|u yDpDawGrSm tqdyf
tawmufjzpfapwhJypönf;awG ygaewmrdkY ajrMuD;zkdYwhJae&mrSm xnhfoGif;rd&if
aemiftem*wfrSm wu,fh jyóemMuD;eJY &ifqkdif&vdrfhr,fvkdY &Sif;jychJzl;ygw,f/
jAdwdefpGrf;tif0efMuD;uawmh vQyfppfeJY tDvufx&Gefepfypönf;awGu pGefYypfypönf;
tqifhudk tvsiftjrefqHk; a&muf&SdoGm;avh&Sdw,f/ vlwpfOD;pD&JU wpfESpfwpfESpf
pGefYypfEIef;u 17 uDvkduae 20 uDvkdtMum; &SdaeaMumif; xkwfazmfajymMum;chJ
w,f/ 'DtwGuf jAdwdefEkdifiHwpfckwnf;rSmyif jyD;chJwhJESpfu wefcsdef wpfoef; 10/ aea&mifukd toH;k cs,jl cif;
avmuf pGefYypfrI &SdchJaMumif; axmufjychJjyefw,f/
wu,fvkdY yg0gtrsm;tjym; oHk;pGJwwfwhJ
zGHUjzdK;wkd;wufwhJ EkdifiHawGu topftopfawGudk vkdufaeMuwhJtcsdefrSm rzGHUjzdK;
axGaxG&m&m ypönf;awGtwGuf oefY&Sif;pifMu,frI
rwkd;wufao;whJ EkdifiHawGtaeeJY armf',fta[mif;awGudk vkdvkdvm;vm; toHk;jyK
vrf;pOfudk a&G;r,fqkd&if Solar power udk toHk;cs
aeMuqJjzpfwmrdkY tvªtwef;vkyfjyD; ay;ydkYwhJenf;vrf;uvnf; oifhavsmfyg
,loifhygw,f/ topfvJvS,fzkdY vG,fulovkd tcrhJ
w,f/ tJ'DtwGuf Computer Aid (computeraid.org) eJY qufoG,faqmif&Guf
vnf; &Ekdifr,hfoabm &Sdw,f/ jAdwdefvkd EdkifiHrsKd;rSm
Ekdifw,f/ 'grSr[kwf eBay.co.uk u wpfqifh 0,fEkdifavmufwhJaps;EIef;eJYvnf;
awmh aea&mifjcnf&zkdYqkdwm vGefpGmrS tcGifhtvrf;
a&mif;csay;oifhygw,f/ Recycle vkyfief;om &Sdaer,fqkd&if tEÅ&m,f
enf ; aerS m jzpf w ,f / 'D a e&mrS m vnf ; aea&mif
jzpfapr,fh tpdwftydkif;eJY jyefoHk;vkdY&r,fh tpdwftydkif;awG tvkdvkd cGJxkwfjyD;om;
wkduf½kduf &EkdifwmrsKd;udkyJ toHk;csoifhw,f/ wdrf
jzpfoGm;aprSm jzpfw,f/
xlxyfaewhJ tcsdeftcgrsKd;eJY jywif;wHcg;u xif
vmwhJ a&mifjyefrsKd;udk toHk;jyKr,fqdk&if jyóem
&SdEkdifw,f/
Voltaic &JU a':vm 320 wef Solar Back
Pack rSm solar panel oHk;ckawmif yg0ifxm;w,f/
'D panels awGudk ausmydk;tdwf&JU tjyifbufrSm jr§KyfESH
ay;xm;wm jzpfw,f/ tJ'Duae yg0gtaeeJY 4W
avmuf xkwfay;ygvdrhfr,f/ 'D Solar Back Pack
u mobile phones eJY tjcm; axGaxG&m&m ypönf;
awGtwGuf &nf&G,fjyD; xkwfvkyfxm;wmjzpfwmrdkY
Laptop twGuf tm;oGif;,lzkdY tcGifhtvrf;awmh
r&Sday/ wu,fvkdY 'D solar power xkwfay;whJ
ausmykd;tdwfrsKd;udk roHk;EkdifchJolawGtwGuf 77
a':vmwefwhJ Solio charger udk Better Energy
system udk xkwfvkyfa&mif;csaeygao;w,f/ ae
a&mifjcnfudk 10 rdepfMumMum tm;,lxm;chJ&if 10
rdepfMumMum oDcsif;zGihf,lEkdifr,hf tajctaersKd;
'grSr[kwf q,frdepfMum talk time rsKd; &Ekdifyg
w,f/ a':vm 170 avmuf wefaMu;&SdwhJ Free-
loader uvnf; oifhavsmfvSygw,f/ Laptops
uGefysLwmawGtwGufrl ydkjyD; yg0gvkdtyfwmrdkY Uni-
solar Portable Solar Electric Panels ud k
oHk;oifhw,f/ 'gaMumifh aea&mifjcnfeJY yg0g&&SdEkdif
r,fh qufET,fud&d,m trsm;tjym;vnf; aps;uGuf
udk 0ifa&mufaejyDjzpfwmrkdY oefY&Sif;pifMu,frI
yg0gwpfcktwGuf aea&mifjcnfudk toHk;csoifhyg
w,f/
[Ref : PC Advisor Nov 2007]

{jyD? 2008 75
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

Knowledge 1000
uGeyf sLwmorm;rsm;? tifwmeufcspo f rl sm;eJY tdik w f eD ,fy,frmS avhvmoif,al ewJh vlwikd ;f twGuf
hardware, software enf;ynmrsK;d pHw k &Ykd UJ vQK0Ud u
S cf surf sm;? firefox, internet explorer, opera wd&Yk UJ
tvSnhf tajymif;rsm;? mouse, keyboard, printer pwJh uGeyf sLwm qufpyfypön;f wdt Yk wGuf
tMujH yKvrf;ñTecf surf sm; e-mail, internet wdYt k wGuf toH;k csenf;vrf;rsm; . . .

count trsKd;rsKd; cJGjcm;xm;jyD; 2GB http://www.care2.com: tcrJ h

uae 20 GB txd odkrSD;yrmP oHk;pGJEdkifwJh service wpfckjzpfovdk
zefwD;ay;xm;ygw,f/ xl;jcm;wJh user u ,HMk unfpw d cf srI&jdS yD; oabm
1. Emailing pepfeJY enf;ynmudk toHk;jyK wnf uscJhr,fqdk&ifawmh tvªaiG yg0if
aqmufxm;wJt h wGuf toH;k jyKol[m vª'gef;Edkifygw,f/ tJ'D 'gew&m;
tcrJ&h Edik w
f hJ email vdypf mrsm; pm&if; pdwfcsrf;omrI &apygr,fvdkY uwdjyK [m urÇmwpf0ef;vHk;rSm&SdwJh rzGHUjzdK;?
http://www.30gigs.com: storage xm;ygw,f/ rwdk;wufao;wJh ae&mawGtwGuf
yrmP 30 GB (1GB = 1024 MB) http://www.blue bottle.com: &nf&G,fygw,f/
&Edkifygw,f/ spamawGudk umuG,fzdkY jrifhrm;wJh h t t p : / / w w w. D C E m a i l . c o m :
http://www.aussiemail .com: tools awGudk oHk;pGJjyD; ay;ydkYoleJY 0g&Siw
f ef'pD &D UJ tcrJ0h efaqmifrw
I pfcyk g/
MopaMw;vs email service wpfck vufco H El pS af ,mufMum;rSm&Sw
d hJ quf h t t p : / / w w w. d b z m a i l . c o m :
uae ausmif;om;oHk; &nf&G,fjyD; qHa&;udk rlwnfjyD; ,HMk unf pdwcf s&rI umwGef;wdkY yef;csDwdkYeJY ywfoufwJh
zefwD;ay;xm;wmyg/ &Sd? r&Sd qdkwmudkawmif a&G;cs,fay; pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;awG vkyfudkifwJh
http://www.aim.com: america ygw,f/ "out-blaze" &JU service wpfck jzpf
online &JU service [m tcrJh toHk; h t t p : / / w w w. c a n a d a . c o m : ygw,f/ umwGef;cspfolawG tcsif;
jyKolawGtwGuf 5GB yrmPay; uae'gwpfEikd if v
H ;kH rSm owif;arT;ae csif ; quf o G , f j yD ; tjrif a wG u d k
xm;jyD; aemifrSm unlimited txd wJh Email wpfcyk g/ zvS,f&if; a0rQcHpm;Edkifygw,f/
wdk;jr§ifhay;ygvdrhfr,f/ http://www.canoe.ca: uae'g serv- http://www.DidaMail.com:
http://www.bigstring.com: ac- ice provider wpfck&JU vdyfpmyg/ t*Fvdyf? tma&As 'DZdkif;ESpfrsKd;eJY

76 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
ESpo
f uf&m a&G;cs,fEikd jf yD; POP3 ac-
count awGudk ay;ydkYEdkifw,fvdkY qdkyg
w,f/
http://www.emailaccount.com:
domain tcGaJ ygif; ajrmufjrm;pGm &Sw
d hJ
tcrJh0efaqmifrI wpfckyg/
h t t p : / / w w w. f a s t e r m a i l . c o m :
"outblaze" &JU pD;yGm;a&; vkyi f ef;oH;k
tD;ar;vfwpfckyg/
h t t p : / / w w w. f a s t m a i l . f m :
odak vSmifryI rmP enf;yg;ayr,fh pm
ydkYjcif;eJY vufcH,ljcif;wdkYrSm tvGef
jrefqefjyD; vlMudKufrsm;ygw,f/ http://www.indiatimes.com: Cal- ayr,fh online &JU e-mail oHk;pGJol
http://www.gawab.com: bmom endar wpfckeJY Mail Alert wpfck avmurSmawmh owif;arT;ysHUvsuf
pum; 12 rsKd;ausmfeJY oHk;pGJvdkY&wJh yg0ifjyD; tdE´d,EdkifiH&JU bmompum; &Sdygw,f/
1GB Mail yg/ tygt0if language aygif; 12 rsKd; http://www.lycosMail.com: 3 GB
http://www.Gratfiti.net: odkavSmifrI eJY oHk;pGJEdkifygw,f/ ay;xm;jyD; attachments udkawmh
yrmP 100 MB txd ay;xm;yg http://www.InMail24.com: POP3/ limit ruefYowfbl;vdkY aMunmxm;
w,f/ IMAP awGudk vufcHwJhtwGuf 16 ygw,f/
http://www.hotpop.com: online MB om ay;tyfxm;ayr,fh udk,fh&JU http://www.mail.com: domain
odkavSmifrI 100 MB &&Sdapygw,f/ Email awGukd outlook uae wpfqihf aygif; 250 ausmf &SdwJhtwGuf pdwf
http://www.hushmail.com: Email csdwfqufvdkY &Edkifygw,f/ ESpfjcdKuf&m a&G;cs,fvdkY&Edkifovdk
awGeJY zdkifawGudk vHkjcHKrI 0SufpmeJY ydkY http://www.jubii.com: zdkifawGudk tqihftwef; jrihfrm;wJhenf;ynmudk
aqmifay;ygw,f/ upload wifvdkY &ovdk chat eJY voip oHk;pGJxm;ygw,f/
http://www.icqmail.com: tcrJhudk udyk g ay;tyfxm;wJh Email 0efaqmif http://www.hotmail.com: Micro-
6MB om ay;tyfxm;ayr,fh wjcm; rI wpfck jzpfygw,f/ soft ukrÜPD&JU 0efaqmifrI wpfckyg/
IM eJY toHk;0ifwJh features awG http://www.linuxMail.org: Linux pwif ,lç,lcsi;f rSm 250 MB om &&Sd
trsm;tjym; &Sdaeygw,f/ OS &JU tqiftjyifeJY tcrJh serv- ayr,fh invite letter &SmazGEdkifcJhr,f
http://www.inbox.com: 5 GB ice wpfckyg/ qdk&if 2GB yrmPtxd &EdkifjyD;
ay;xm;jyD; IMAP csw
d q
f uf &&Sad pyg http://www.litepost.com: Alpha aMumfjimawGuykd g avQmch sypfEikd yf gvdrfh
w,f/ (prf;oyfqJ umv) tqihfom&Sdao; r,f/
http://www.dora.com: 2GB ay;xm;
jy;D ESpo
f ufz,
G &f mtoGit
f jyif&ydS gw,f/
http://www.mailsnare.net: tcrJh
toH;k jyKoal wGtwGuf 40 MB oH;k pGcJ iG fh
&Sdygw,f/
http://www.mailzworld.com:
tqHk;tpr&Sd odkavSmifrI yrmP &&Sd
ygw,f/
http://www.Merseymail.com:
vDAmyl;wuúov
kd &f UJ ausmif;om;rsm;

{jyD? 2008 77
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
twGuf &nf&G,fxkwfa0xm;cJhwJh http://vfemail.net: 15 MB &SdjyD; up- http://www.techmail.com: tcrJh 25
mail wpfcy
k g/ grade udak wmh aiGay;0,f,& l ygr,f/ MB ay;xm;jyD ; ]oih f e mrnf @
http://www.muchomail.com: 25 h t t p : / / w w w. z i l l a d o g . c o m : techemail.com } qd k w J h handle
MB odkavSmifEdkifygw,f/ uav;awGtwGuf &nf&G,fjyD; *drf; wpfckudk ydkifqdkif&ygvdrhfr,f/
http://www.myway.com: &Sif;vif; awG aqmhupm;EdkifapzdkY oli,fcsif;
oyf&yfwhJ Email vSvS uav;wpfck awGeJY e-mail tjyeftvSef ydkYaqmif Miscellaneous Mail Services
jzpfygw,f/ apzdkY zefwD;xm;ygw,f/ http://www.earthclassmail.com:
http://webmail.opera.com: opera http://www.yahoo.com/mail: udk,fzsufqD;ypfcJhjyD; jzpfwJh email
browser udk oHk;pGJMuolawGtwGuf a&S;tusqHk;eJY rsm;jym;wJh domain ta[mif;awGuakd wmifrS jyefvnf ppf
&nf&,G x
f m;wJh webmail [m 3MB aygif;pHk &SdaewJh service yg/ yahoo aq; Munfh½IcGihfay;xm;jyD; ukrÜPD&JU
odkavSmifrIay;ygw,f/ ukrÜPD&JUtydkif jzpfygw,f/ server xJrSm txl; odrf;qnf;ay;
http://www.outgun.com: "Out- xm;ygw,f/
blaze" &JU tdrf&SifrawGtwGuf &nf Email Tools http://www.futureme.org: aemif
&G,fxm;wJh 0efaqmifrIwpfckyg/ http://www.fuser.com: Gmail, Ya- vmr,fh wpfESpf 'grS r[kwf ig;ESpf
http://www.postmaster.co.uk: hoo mail wdYkvkd Email toH;k jyKae&if; pwJh tem*wftwGuf MudKufwhJ tcsed f
a&S;uswJh e-mail wpfckyg/ 1GB odk eJY inbox twGif;rSm chat/IM toHk; udk a&G;cs,fjyD; wifMudKay;ydkYxm;Edkif
avSmifcGihf ay;xm;jyD; provider u jyKvd k Y &atmif pD p Of a y;xm;yg ygw,f/
UK rSm &Sdaeygw,f/ w,f/ http://www.hoaxmail.com: ydYk aqmif
http://www.prontomail.com: at- http://www.grab.com: Grab Mail udk ol&JU email vdyfpmawGudk rodapvdk
tachment udk 2MB txd ay;xm;wJh oHk;pGJae&if;eJY tjcm;aom Mail wJ h tcgrsKd ; eJ Y SMS oabmrsKd ;
25 MB yrmP tD;ar;vfwpfckyg/ awGudk account wpfckwnf;eJY ppf tvsiftjref ydYk aqmifay;Edik yf gw,f/
http://www.rediff.com: 1GB yrmP aq;vdkY &Edkifygw,f/ http://www.l8r.nu: aemif ig;ES p f
odkavSmifrIeJYtwl 10 MB attach- http://www.jumpzemail.com: twGuf Email awGudk MudKwifay;ydkY
ment &&SdapwJh tdE´d, tajcpdkuf urÇmay:rSm&SdwJh internet csdwfquf xm;vdkY &ygw,f/
0efaqmifrIwpfck jzpfygw,f/ xm;wJh uGefysLwmwpfckckuaejyD; http://www.postful.com: vH k j cH K rI
http://www.runbox.com: 10 GB pmydkY? pm,lvkyfEdkifwJh web-based jynfh0pGmeJY email tydkY? t,lawGudk
yrmPudk prf;oyfcGihf oHk;vay;xm; mail wpfck jzpfygw,f/ jyKvkyfvdkY &ovdk tcay; user awG
ygw,f / tcrJ h o rm;awG t wG u f http://www.mailweb.com: POP3 twGuaf wmh $ 0.99 owfrw S x f m;yg
trSefwu,f oHk;pJGEdkifwmu 1GB/ .IMAP awGudk cGihfjyKxm;wJhtwGuf w,f/
10 MB jzpfygw,f/ ISP uae owfrw S af y;xm;wJh mail http://www.pranketh.com: mail eJY
http://www.sacmail.com: 3.5 MB awGudk mail2web uae wpfqifh twl ygvmEdkifwJh tzsuftarSmihf
txd file csdwfqufvdkY&wJh e-mail csdwfquf toHk;jyKEdkifygw,f/ Adkif;&yfpfydk;rTm;awGudk t"du ESdrfeif;
wpfckjzpfjyD; 25 MB yrmP ay;tyf http://mymail.com: 100 MB yrmP ay;jyD; vdkovdk Munhf½I ppfaq;Edkifyg
xm;ygw,f/ odkavSmifcGihf ay;tyfxm;wJhtjyif w,f/
http://www.safe-mail.net: 3 MB POP3 eJY IMAP wdkYudkyg csdwfquf http://www.shinyletter.com: <u,f0
om storage ay;xm;ayr,fh ay;ydYk ol Edkifygw,f/ rsm;jym;wJh text tools awG&JU font
awGtwGufudkawmh vHkjcHKa&; jrihf http://www.tamadaa.com: web style rsKd;pHk yg0ifxm;jyD; aES;auG;pGm
jrifrh m;rm; wnfaqmufxm;ygw,f/ tajcjyK client program wpf c k tvkyf vkyfygw,f/
http://www.ureach.com: NGO jzpfygw,f/ Gmail eJY Yahoo mail http://www.2prong.com: Email
tzGUJ tpnf;wpfc&k UJ tcrJh 0efaqmifrI pwmawGudk aygif;xnfhEdkifjyD; mail vdyfpmudk roufqdkifolrsm; rod&Sdap
wpfckyg/ ppfaq;Edkifygw,f/ &ef ajc&mazsmuf ydYkaqmifay;ygw,f/

78 uGefysLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

{jyD? 2008 79
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
http://www.dodgeit.com: t0ifpm awGukd oefYpifay;jyD; Inbox udk vHjk cHK h t t p : / / w w w. t e m p i n b o x . c o m :
udk vufcH½Hk oD;oefYom xm;&Sdcsif apygw,f/ t0ifpmudkom vufcHEdkifwJh tydk
aom email wpfcu k kd oH;k pGcJ siw
f t
hJ cg http://www.spamgournet.com: vdyfpmudk &,lEdkifygw,f/
rsKd;rSm tvGef toHk;wnfhygw,f/ spam awG rw&m;yd k Y aewwf w J h http://www.zoemail.com: spam awG
http://www.e4ward.com: toHk;rus vdyfpmawGudk ESdrfeif;jyD; spam wdkuf &efuae uif;a0;apzdkY jrihfrm;wJh
aom email rsm; tqrwef forward zsufa&; tzGJUtpnf;udk wdkifMum;ay; pDrHcefYcGJrIawGudk vkyfaqmifEdkifwJh
vkyfaqmifaerIudk umuG,fEdkifyg ygw,f/ tools awG yg0ifxm;w,f/
w,f/
http://emailions.com oifhudk ajc&m
rcHEikd af pzdYk email vdypf maygif; ajrmuf
jrm;pGmudk &,lcGihf jyKxm;ygw,f/
http://www.gishpuppy.com: 2. Internet
oihf&JU omref email vdyfpmudk Error code trSm;rsm;
tumtuG , f j yKxm;Ed k i f z d k Y t wG u f
a&SUrSaeí ta,mifaqmif vdyfpm
wpfckeJY umuG,fay;ygr,f/ 400 Bad Request tJ'D website [m black list rSm yg0if
http://www.guerrillamail.com: tifwmeufrmS vdck siw f hJ webpage aewJh twGuaf Mumifh ISP u cGirfh jyKwm
spam email awGudk a&Smif&Sm;csifwJh wpfckudk &SmazGwJh tcgrSm server [m rsKd;qdk&ifvJ '403-For Hidden' qdkjyD;
tcgrsKd;rSm toHk;0ifygw,f/ &SmrawGUwm? 'grSr[kwf toHk;jyKcGifh tjzLtrnf; ta&mifawGeYJ webpage
http://www.mailexpire.com: email ray;wm 'grSr[kwf toHk;jyKzdkY tcGifh &JU b,fbufaxmifrh mS awGU&ygvdrrfh ,f/
box xJrSm&SdaewJh spam awGudk vrf; tmPm r&SdwmaMumifh jzpf&wJh trSm;
vTJypfapEdkifzdkY toHk;jyKEdkifygw,f/ wpfck jzpfygw,f/ 'grS r[kw&f ifvnf; 401-Unauthorized Request
http://www.mailnator.com: spam pum;vH;k ½duk w f t
hJ cgrSm Oyrm 'yAHoo wpfcgwavrSm web-page &JU ½Iyf
awGudk t"du ESdrfeif;ay;jyD; oihf&JU .com' qdkovdk pmvHk; tMuD;? tao;udk axG;vSwJh vdyfpm twdtusudk rSwfrd
email vdyfpmtppfeJY csdwfqufjyD; a&maESm½duk rf w
d maMumifh awGU&wJh trSm; ayr,fh page wcsKdUudkawmh cGihfrjyKbJ
oHk;pGJEdkifygw,f/ rsKd;yg/ &Sw
d wfygw,f/ 'Oyrm-www.abc.com'
http://www.pookmail.com: email udak wmh Munfch iG afh y;ayr,fh aemufquf
vdyfpmav; wpfckudk wpf&ufwm 404-Not found wGJ www.abc.com/member_login
twG u f y J toH k ; jyKcsif w J h t cgrS m vdkcsifwJh pmrsufESm[m wpfcg .php qdkwmrsKd;udkawmh MunfhcGifh&&SdzdkY
tqifajyygw,f/ wavrSm z,f&mS ;cHxm;&wmrsKd; jzpfEdkif vHkavmufwJh password eJY username
http://www.spam.la: register vkyf ygw,f / wcsKd U website awG [ m &Sd&ygr,f/
xm;cJhwJh website awGqDuae wpf owif; wpfy'k u f kd cPwm azmfjyay;jyD;
qihf 0ifa&mufvmwJh spam awGudk csufcsif; z,f&Sm;ypfvdkufwmrsKd;aMumifh 503 service Unavailable
ajc&mcHjyD; ESdyfuGyfypfygw,f/ jzpfEdkifovdk password 'grSr[kwf Unavailable qd k w m[m cHEdkif
http://www.spambox.us: rdepf oHk; wm;qD; ydwfyifcH&wJh vdyfpmjzpfwm &nfxuf ausmfvGefjyD; cdkif;apwmrsKd;
q,fuae wpfESpftwGif; umv aMumifh rawGU&wJhtcgrSm jzpfay:vm jzpfygw,f/ Oyrm 'yahoo.com' web-
twd k i f ; twmwpf c k t xd y J email wwfwJh Error trSm; jzpfygw,f/ site udk spam awGeJY ydwfqdkYaecJhcsdefrSm
vdyfpmi,fuav;wpfckudk vdktyf&if urÇmwpf0ef;vHk;rSm&SdwJh wjcm; yahoo
sign up vkyfcGihfay;ygw,f/ 403-For hidden oHk;pGJolawG[m yahoo udk 0dkif;0ef;
http://www.spamex.com: wHkYjyefrI t"dutm;jzifh password vdktyf access vkyfMuwJhtwGuf server [m
r&Sw
d hJ email ta,mifaqmif aMumfjim wmaMumifh jzpfwwfjyD; wpfcgwavrSm ½kwfw&ufrSm tvkyfrsm;jyD; down

80 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
xm;wJ h server uG e f y sLwmqd k w m
&Sdygw,f/ (tdrfoHk; user awG twGuf
uawmh ud k , f u d k , f w d k i f & J U yD p D [ m
server jzpfEdkifygw,f/) tJ'D server
uGefysLwmuae jyefvnfjyD; network
cGJa0ay;wJhtcgrSm server rSm ip ad-
dress xnfhoGif;wm rSm;,Gif;aecJh&if
'Proxy server is refusing' qd k j yD ;
ay:aewwf y gw,f / (Oyrmqd k & if
bagan cyber tech cGijfh yKxm;wJh proxy
oGm;cJ&h ygw,f/ tJ'v D kd tjzpftysufrsKd; proxy server is refusing IP [m 'cache_dsl.bagan.net.mm'
udk Google vnf; wpfcgwavjzpfwm udk,fh&JU uGefysLwmudk internet 'grSr[kwf tJ'v D kd cyfqifqifvyd pf mrsKd;
MuHKawGUcJh&zl;ygvdrhfr,f/ csdwfqufay;wJh modem eJY oG,fwef; jzpfygvdrhfr,f/)

3. Transfer
MuD;rm;wJh file awGudk ydkYaqmifzdkY enf;vrf; 7 rsKd;

tcktcsdefrSm Gmail [m attach- pmxJrSm download &,lEdkifzdkY 'link' http://www.megaupload .com

ment udk 20 MB txd vufoihc f v
H u
kd f taMumif;uav;wpfck (xifxif &Sm; tuefYtowfeJY tcrJhay;xm;yg
ygjyD/ 'gayr,fh tifwmeuf qufoG,f &Sm;) yg0ifygw,f/ tcrJh user awGudk w,f/ 500 MB yrmP zdkifawGudk
a&; aES;auG;aewJh tcsdefrsKd;awGeJY ckepf&ufwmumvtwGuf oHk;pGJcGihf upload vkyfcGihf &Sdygw,f/ yousendit
Gmail udk oHk;pGJ&cufcJolawG twGuf jyKxm;jyD; aMumfjimawGuakd wmh vufc&H vdkyJ tcay;eJY tcrJh cJGjcm;xm;wJh file
awmh tdyfrufwpfck jzpfaeqJyg/ tck ygvdhrfr,f/ wu,fvdkY download transfering 0efaqmifrI wpfckyg/ 'gh
ae&mawGuae MudK;pm;MunfEh ikd yf gw,f/ limit time ckepf&ufukd MudKufEpS o
f ufrI tjyifrSm megaupload toolbar wpfck
r&Sd&ifawmh wpfvudk 5 a':vmEIef;eJY udk vufaqmif xnfhoGif;ay;xm;jyD;
http://www.yousendit .com premium account 0,f,l&ygr,f/ vdt k yfovdk download &,lEikd yf gw,f/
vlodtrsm;qHk; tcrJh 0efaqmifrI tJ'D tcrJh toolbar [m tifwmeuf
vkyfief; wpfck jzpfygw,f/ account ay:rSm &SdwJh megaupload oHk;pGJaewJh
wpfckudk zefwD;p&mrvdkbJ 100 MB vlwdkif;&JU trsm;jynfol Munfh½IcGihf&SdwJh
txd ydkYaqmifvdkY&ovdk yousendit &JU zdik rf eS o
f rQukd &SmazGay;ygw,f/ ud,
k zhf ikd f
account wpfck zefwD;vdkufwJh tcg awGudk oufqdkifwJhvl rodapcsif&if
rSmawmh jyD;jynfhpHkwJh zdkifydkYaqmifrI vkyf awmh zip/rar csHKUjyD; password ay;jyD;
ief; wpfck &&SdoGm;ygvdrhfr,f/ you- upload vkyf&ygr,f/
sendit xJukd ud, k &fh UJ zdik af wGukd upload
wif v d k u f j yD q d k w meJ Y email xJ u d k http://www.zupload.com
taMumif;Mum;wJh pmwpfapmifudka&m tvGef vG,u f ½l ;kd pif;wJh enf;ynm
udk,fydkYvdkufwJh email vdyfpm&SifqDa&m awG a Mumif h upload/download eJ Y
taMumif;Mum;pm a&mufygw,f/ tJ'D r,Ofyg;wJv
h al wGawmifrS tuRr;f w0if

{jyD? 2008 81
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
http://www.dropsend.com yrmPudk share/transfer vkyfEdkifjyD;
250 MB tcrJh ay;tyfjyD; wpfv vHkjcHKa&; jrihfrm;rIudk vdkcsifwJhvlawG
rSm ig;cgxuf renf; upload wifcGihf twGuf oihfawmfygw,f/
&Sdygw,f/ wpfvrSm ig;a':vm ay;
oGif;jyD; premium account 0,f,lEdkif http://www.mediamax.com
ygw,f / 1 GB yrmPeJ Y wjcm; Kodak zvifukrÜPD&JU sharing
cHpm;cGifhrsm; &&SdEdkifygvdrhfr,f/ 0efaqmifrw I pfck jzpfygw,f/ tcrJh ac-
jzpfoGm;Edkifygw,f/ 500 MB yrmP count twGuf tD;ar;vfvdyfpmav;
txd share vkyfcGihf ay;tyfxm;wJh wpfck &Sdae½HkeJY 25 GB storage ay;tyf
tjyif tcrJh oHk;pGJolawGudk download jyD; wpfvrSm 10 MB yrmPudkom
day (wpfv) twdkif;twm ay;xm;wJh ydkYaqmifEdkifygr,f/ wu,fvdkY tuefY
twGuf pdwfauseyfzG,f&m jzpfygw,f/ towfr&Sd ydkYaqmifcsif&ifawmh $4.95/
'ghtjyifrSm desktop twGuf client month EIef;xm;eJY 0,f,l&ygvdrhfr,f/
program y½dk*&rfi,fwpfckudk zefwD;
ay;xm;&mrSm mac, windows OS
ESpfrsKd;pvHk;rSm oHk;pGJEdkifygw,f/
http://www.leapfile.com
http://www.Mailbigfile.com ukrP Ü t
D oif;tzGUJ awGeYJ pD;yGm;a&;
UK tajcpdkuf Mailbigfile [m tiftm;pkawGudk &nf&G,fjyD; ay:xGuf
yousendit vdk features awG yg0ifyg vmcJhwJh leapfile udk udk,fydkif oHk;pGJcGifh
w,f/ rSwfyHkwifp&m rvdkbJ 100 MB awGtwGuf rSwfyHkwifpm&if; jznfh&yg
tcrJh ay;ydkYEdkifygw,f/ wpfESpfudk r,f/ wpfvrSm 15 a':vmEIef;eJY 1GB
a':vm 20 avmuf oHk;pGJEdkifr,fqdk&if
awmh tuefYtowfr&SdwJh ae&myrmP
eJY tcsdefyrmPudk &&SdaprSmyg/ web
2.0 avmurSm txif&Sm;qHk;jzpfwJh 4. Media Player
'DukrÜPDi,fuav;[m wpfvrSm user
Media player (11) uae AD'D,dk ½kyfyHkawGudk b,fvdk
wpfa,mufwnf;qDuae 25 Mudrf 'grS
capture zrf;rvJ
r[kwf tJ'DeJY txufudk download/
upload tcrJh vkyfaqmifaewJh awGUcJh Media player version (11) (b) Media player &JU tay:bm;rSm
&ifawmh IP udk rSwfom; black list uae 'DAD'D? ADpD'D? AD'D,dk ½kyfyHkawGudk &SdwJh tools awGxJurS "More
wifwwfygw,f/ keyboard uae "print screen pre- options" udk &Smyg/ "Now Play-
view" button eJ Y wd k u f ½ d k u f ing", "library", "Rip", "Bum",
zrf;MunfhEdkifygw,f/
(a) Windows Media Player (11) udk
zGihfyg/
('grS r [k w f mpeg AD ' D , d k
zdkifwpfcktay:rSm Right Click
acgufjyD; "open with>windows
media player" vdkY zGihfvdkYvnf;
&Edkifygw,f/

82 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
ygyJ/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm rvdkvm;tyfwJh
blogspam awG jzpf r vmEd k i f a tmif
5. blog udk,fh blog &JU owif;awGudk 0ifMunfh
blog pnf;urf; 10 csuf r,fh olawGtwGufa&m? blog a&;om;
wJh vlawGtwGufa&m udk,fh&JU blog rSm
]razmfjyxm;oihfwJh} pnf;urf; 10 csuf
wu,fwrf;ajym&&if blog awG usef;rma&;eJY owif;awGyg/ trsm;qHk; &Sdygw,f/
[m online ay:u azsmfajza&; rD'D,m a&;om;wwfMuwmuawmh enf;ynmeJY 1/ emrnftjynfhtpHk?
awGygyJ/ offline rSm r*¾Zif;? *sme,f? ywfoufwJh owif;awG rsm;ygw,f/ 2/ ol i ,f c sif ; ? om;orD ; ? ud k , f h
wDADG? AD'D,dk? oDcsif; *DwawGu vlaerI tJ ' D v d k a&;om;aewJ h a e&mrS m rdom;pkeJY pD;yGm;a&; vkyfudkifzuf
b0udk jynfhpHkapovkd blog awG[m (qdkcsifwmu) "Everyone" twGuf awG&JU emrnftjynfhtpHk?
vnf; online ay:u *sme,fawGtjzpfeYJ &nf&G,fjyD; a&;om;Mu&wmrsKd;qdkawmh 3/ b,frSm tvkyfvkyfovJ?
netizen awGudkomru avhvmolawG vlwdkif;[m oifh blog udk 0ifMunfhrSm 4/ b,frSm aexdkifovJ?
udyk g azsmfajzrI ay;ygw,f/ blog wpfck 5/ w,fvzD ek ;f eJY vufuikd zf ek ;f eHygwf
&JU enf;ynm tedrhftjrihf? tqihf awG?
twef;tay: rlwnfjyD; tJ'D blog u 6/ ta&;MuD;wJh tD;ar;vfvdyfpm?
ay;tyfwJh &otrsKd;tpm;eJY cHpm;rI 7/ tem*wfvkyfief;pOf?
twuf t us uG m jcm;oG m ;wmyg/ 8/ ½Hk;XmetwGif;u "mwfyHkeJY tcsuf
bloggers awG a&;om;wJh taMumif; tvufawG?
t&mawG[m rsKd;pHk&Sdaeygw,f/ wcsKdU 9/ um;eJY um;vdik pf ifeyH gwf ponf...
awGu uav;awGtwGuf &nf&G,fjyD; 10/ c&D ; oG m ;vuf r S w f (Ed k i f i H u l ;
[moeJY umwGe;f awG? wcsKdUawGuawmh vufrSwfuJhodkY ... )

usvmygr,f/ tJ'DxJurS Use box rSm 'apply' ESdyfyg/

video mixing renderer box rSm (g) tckcsdefupjyD; media player 11
&SdwJh "user overlays' &JU a&SUrSm eJY print screen zrf;vdkY &ygjyD/
&SdwJh trSefjcpfudk jzKwfypfvdkufyg/
(f) jyD;&if OK ESdyfyg/ jyD;&if tjyif

"Sync" pwJh tool wdi

k ;f rSm "More
options" yg0ifygw,f/
(c) 'More Options' udk click ESdyfyg/
'Options' box usvmygr,f /
'performance tab' udk a&G;yg/
(d) advanced udk click ESdyfyg/
(e) video Acceleration setting'

{jyD? 2008 83
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
xm;wJh zdik w
f pfcu
k kd tjyD;wdik f zsuq
f ;D
ypfygvdrhfr,f/
6. Windows
Windows program key combina-
toHk;0ifwJh short-cuts key rsm;
tion
Ctrl + C - rdwåLyGm;ay;ygr,f/
Short-cuts key awG qdkwmu 'Ctrl+Alt+Del' yJ jzpfygw,f/ Ctrl + X - wpfae&mrS wpfae&mudk
c&D;vrf;aMumif; wpfcu k kd twdqk ;kH ae&m Start + M - zGihfxm;wJh windows ul;ajymif; ae&ma&TUzdkYtwGuf tqif
uae ajraMum½IHUjyD; vkdwJhae&ma&muf awGu csHKUjyD; task bar ay:rSm ae&m oihf jzpfaejyDjzpfwJh vkyfief;pOfyg/
atmif oGm;EdkifzdkY zefwD;xm;wJh jzwf csay;ygvdhrfr,f/ Ctrl + paste - rdwåLyGm;jyD;om; zdkif
vrf;enf;awGygyJ/ Start + Shift + M - task bar ay:rSm wpfckudk jyefvnf ae&mcsxm;ay;yg
tJ'v D kd jzwfvrf;awGeYJ oGm;wJt h cg csHKUjyD; cPae&mcsxm;wJh windows w,f/
rSm wpfcgwavrSm jzwfvrf;awG[m awGudk size MuD; jyefcsJUay;ygw,f/ Ctrl + Z - undo. vkyfaqmifcJhaom
trsKd;pHk? trnfpHk &Sdaewmudk awGU&yg Start + E - Windows &JU tif*sif tvkyfudk rESpfoufwJhtcgrSm rlv
vdrrfh ,f/ Oyrmtm;jzifh 'All programs' pufcef;vdkY ac:qdkEdkifwJh windows tajctaetwdkif; jyefa&muf&Sdapyg
vkyfief;pOf box udk zGihfzdkYtwGuf 'start' explorer udk zGihfay;ygw,f/ w,f/
udk click ESdyf&ygw,f/ Start + R - Start menu rSm&SdwJh 'Run' Ctrl + B - document twGif;rSm&SdwJh
jzwf v rf ; enf ; taeeJ Y uawmh box udk zGihfay;ygw,f/ text awGudk ydkrdkxif&Sm;atmif jyKvkyf
'mouse' udi k zf Ykd rvdb
k J windows ( ) Start + F - windows search dialog ay;ygw,f/
udk click ESdyf&if yGihfygw,f/ 'kwd, box udk zGihfay;ygw,f/ Ctrl + U - document wpfcktwGif;rSm
jzwfvrf;uawmh Ctrl eJY Esc udk wGJjyD; Start + Ctrl + F - search box udk &SdwJh text atmufajcrSm rsOf;om;
ESdyf&if yGihfygw,f/ tck azmfjyxm;wJh zGihfay;ygw,f/ wu,fvdkY compu- vdkwJhtcg oHk;Muygw,f/
jzwfvrf;enf;awG[m 'windows' awG ter [m network csdwfqufxm;&if Ctrl + I - Italic-text awGudk apmif;
twGufom oD;oefY azmfxkwfxm;wm computer dialog box udk zGihfay; ay;ygr,f/
jzpfvdkY mouse, keyboard, windows ygw,f/
pwJh pepfeJY 'hardware' awGtwGuf Start + Pause (Break) - System Mouse/Keyboard Modifier
tusHK;0ifjyD; 'software' awG&JU short- properties dialog box udk zGiafh y;yg Shift + right click (wpf c suf ) -
cuts key awGawmh ryg0ifao;yg/ w,f/ Right click eJY wlw,f/ active win-
Short-cut key awGudk oHk;pGJzdkYtwGuf F1 - tultnD wpfpHkwpf&m vdktyf&ef dows &JU display menu udk zGihfay;
uawmh tv,frSm&SdwJh (+) oauFwudk ESdyfyg/ w,f/
]wGzJ ufaygif;ESyd &f ef}vdYk rSwx f m;&ygr,f/ Ctrl + Esc - Start Menu udk zGiafh y;yg Shift + Left Click (ES p f c suf )
'start' qdw k mudv k nf; keyboard rSm&Sw d hJ w,f/ Alt + Left Click (ES p f c suf ) - zdkif
'Windows' logo yHkuav; button eJY Alt + Tab - zGihfxm;wJh y½dk*&rfawG odkYr[kwf folder &JU properties udk
twlwlyJ qdkwm rSwf&ygr,f/ wpfckeJYwpfcktMum;udk ul;ajymif; jyay;r,f/
Oyrm-Start+Ctrl+F qdw k hJ com- tvkyfvkyfapEdkifygw,f/
mand rS m start (window) logo Alt + F4 - zGihfxm;wJh y½dk*&rfuae General Keyboard
yHak v;eJY? Ctrl cvkwef YJ 'F' tu©&moH;k ckukd xGufcGmapygw,f/ tvkyfvkyfvsuf F 10 - menu bar rSm&SdwJh options
wGJzuf ESdyfay;&ygr,f/ om; jzpfae&if omrefyHkpHtwdkif; awGudk tqifoihf jzpfaeatmif vkyf
&v'ftaeeJY ]acG;½kyu f av;eJY win- 'save' vk y f r vm;vd k Y ar;ygvd r f h aqmifay;ygw,f/
dows search box} yGihfvmygvdrhfr,f/ r,f/ Ctrl + Esc - Start Menu udk zGihf
vlodtrsm;qHk; shortcuts key [m Shift + Del - select ay;jyD; a&G;cs,f ay;ygw,f/

84 uGefysLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
Shift + F 10 - a&G;cs,fxm;wJh zdkif Alt + F6 - Alt + Tab tvkyfvkyfyHk Windows explorer twGi;f
wpfcktwGuf 'short-cut' zdkifi,f twdkif; jzpfygw,f/ * (Keypad) - &S&
do
dS rQ root folder awG
uav;wpf c k jyKvk y f a y;xm;yg tukefzGihfay;w,f/
w,f/ Selected objects & shell objects + (Keypad) - root folder wpfct k wGi;f &Sd
Alt + down arrow - drop-down list F2 - a&G;cs,x
f m;wJt
h &m0w¬Kudk emrnf &Sd&SdorQ file awG zGihfay;w,f/
box usvmapygw,f/ aqmhz0 fw
J pfck topf jyefay;zdkY tqifoihf jzpfae - (Keypad) - root folder wpfct k wGi;f &Sd
twGi;f rSmyJjzpfap? wjcm;ae&m wpfck apygr,f/ zGihfxm;cJhwJh file awG ydwfay;w,f/
rSmyJjzpfap features wdkif;ü vkyf F3 - zdkifawG tukefvHk;udk &Smay;r,f/ Right Arrow - '+' eJY tvkyv f yk yf ckH si;f
aqmifEdkifpGrf; box i,fuav;rsm; Alt + Enter - a&G;cs,x f m;wJh t&m0w¬K wlw,f/
udk,fpD &SdMuonf/ &JU 'properties' udk azmfjyay;ygw,f/ Left Arrow - '-' eJY tvkyfvkyfyHkcsif;
Alt + Tab - zGihfxm;wJh vkyfief;pOf zdkifwpfck rdwåLyGm;&ef - Ctrl key ud k wlw,f/
wdkif;tm; wpfckeJYwpfck tMum; ul; ESyd x
f m;jyD; tJ'zD ikd u
f kd rwlnw D hJ wjcm;
ajymif;apEdik yf gw,f/ wu,fvYkd Alt ae&mudk a&TUay;yg/ taygif;vu©Pm Properties control
Key udk zdxm;jyD; Tab key udk vTwf ao;ao;uav;ay:vmjyD; rdwåLyGm; Ctrl + Tab odkYr[kwf Ctrl + Tab +
vdu k rf ,fq&kd if vkyaf qmifqJ vkyif ef; ay;ygvdhrfr,f/ Shift - Mouse roHk;bJ keyboard
pOfreS o f rQukd tvG,w f ul Munf½h EI ikd f shortcut wpfck zefw;D &ef - Ctrl eJY Shift eJY ckefysH ausmfvTm;oGm;Edkifw,f/
jyD; vkyfief;ajymif;vJEdkifygw,f/ Key awGudk zdESdyfxm;&if; zefwD; (Mouse toHk;rjyKvdkygu mouse
Shift + ? - wu,fvdkY shift key udk csiw f hJ folder 'grSr[kwf t&m0w¬Kudk properties wcsKd U ud k disable
zdESdyfxm;jyD; CD-ROM 'grSr[kwf zefwD;vdkwJhae&mqDudk drag qGJ,l vkyfxm;vQif ydkaumif;\/)
DVD wpfcsyfukd xnfo h iG ;f vdu
k rf ,f yg/
qdk&if tJ'D CD/DVD &JU 'Auto_ F4 - object udk select ay;xm;&if;eJY Accessibility Short-cuts
Run' box wufvmygr,f/ CD rSm F4 udk ESy d &f if address bar udk zGiafh y; Shift udk ig;Murd Ef ydS wf t hJ cgrmS - Control
virus yg0ifvmrI &S?d r&Sd ppfaq;vdw k hJ ygw,f/ panel xJrSm&SdwJh Accessibility op-
tcgrSm toHk;0ifygw,f/ tions udk select ay;yg/ Shift udk
Alt + Space - Restore, move, size, General folder/shortcut control ig;Mudrq f ufwu kd Ef ydS &f if PC xJuae
minimize, maximize pwJh com- F5 (Refresh) - vkyaf qmifaewJh tvkyf ]uGd} qdkwJh toHuav; ay:vmyg
mand awG yg0ifwJh system restore awGudk jyefvnf vef;qef;apyg vdrhfr,f/ jyD;&ifawmh Shift Key udk
box udk jyay;w,f/ w,f/ save rvkyfcsif&if cancel vkyfyg/
Alt + hypen - Multiple Document F6 - Windows Explorer twG i f ; nmbuf Shift udk &SpfpuúefYtMum
Interface udk jyoay;w,f/ [dkbuf 'Dbuf cursor a&TUEdkifyg zdxm;wJt h cgrmS - nmbuf Shift udk
Alt + underlined letter - aqmhzf0J w,f/ &SpfpuúefYMumatmif udkifESdyfxm;&if
wpfcktwGif;rSm owdxm;Munfhrd&if Ctrl + A - t&m0w¬Krsm;tm;vHk;udk vnf; filter key box av; ay:vm
options bar &J U feature awG r S m select vkyfay;ygr,f/ wu,fvdkY ygvdrhfr,f/
rsO;f om;xm;wJh pmom;av;awG rsK;d pHk desktop ay:rSm item wpfcu k kd click 'Number Lock' key udk ig;puúefY
awGU&ygvdrrfh ,f/ Alt udk zdEydS xf m;jyD; ES d y f j yD ; 'Ctrl + A' command Mumatmif zdxm;wJh tcgrmS - Number
tcke pmom;av;udk ESyd v f ukd w f thJ cg oHk;vdkuf&if usefwJh item awGudkyg lock key udk ig;puúefYMumatmif zd
rSm tJ'D 'feature' &JU 'drop down a&G;cs,fjyD;om; jzpfoGm;ygvdrhfr,f/ xm;wJhtcgrSmvnf; xdkenf; vnf;
box' ( = yg0ifwhJ vkyaf qmifcsuaf wG) Shift + Click + closebutton - zGihf aumif;ygyJ? tvkyfvkyfyHkcsif;om
yGihfvmygr,f/ xm;wJh folder awG rSeforQ parten uGJjym;oGm;rSmyg/
Ctrl + F4 - address bar udk zGihfay; folder udka&m root folder awGa&m b,fbuf Alt + b,fbuf Shift +
w,f/ ydwfay;onf/ Number Lock - PC xJu ]uG}d toH

86 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
av;twG u f function yJ jzpf y g qDudk csufcsif; cursor csay;w,f/ (Oyrm-button wpfckudk a&G;xm;
w,f/ t"dutm;jzifhawmh mouse Start + Tab - Taskbar ay:rSm pkjyHK w,f/ tJ'D button udk click ESdyf½HkyJ/
key awGu kd tydwt f zGifh vkyaf pcsif zGihfxm;wJh folder awGqDudk wpfcku Oyrm check box wpfckudk a&G;xm;
wmyg/ ae wpfck ul;ajymif;Edkifw,f/ r,f q d k & if space bar wpf c suf
b,fbuf Alt + b,fbuf Shift + Start + Pause (Break) - System ykwf½HkyJ/ Oyrm ESpfckjyay;xm;w,f/
print screen preview - jrihfrm;wJh properties udk csufcsif; zGihfay; wpfckudk a&G;&r,fqdkwJhae&mrSm En-
yHk&dyfawGudk &,lvdkwJhtcgrSm tqdkyg w,f/ ter eJY wlw,f/
keyboard wJGawGudk wGJzuf ESdyfay; Application key - File odkYr[kwf Esc - t&mtm;vHk;&JU 90 &mcdkifEIef;[m
&ygvdrhfr,f/ folder &JU properties udk zGihfay; 'cancel' &JU tvkyfvkyfyHkeJY wlw,f/
w,f/ Alt + Underlined Letter - Alt udk
Keyboard Keys zdxm;jyD; underline om;xm;wJh
Start (Windows logo) + D - Win- Dialog box command tu©&mudk ESdyfr,fqdk&if tJ'D com-
dows awG u d k task bar ay:ud k Tab - dialog box xJrSmqdk&if aemuf mand twGuf short-cut wpfckygyJ/
cPwifay;w,f/ wpfckudk oGm;zdkY tqifoihf jzpfae Enter - object wpfckudk select ay;jyD;
Ctrl + Start + F - Search box udk r,f/ OK button ESdyfvdkufwmeJY qifwl
zGiafh y;ygr,f/ acG;av;udk rvdck sif&if Shift + Tab - vmcJhwJh control qDudk w,f/
y,fzsufxm;vdkY &ygw,f/ jyefoGm;ay;r,f/ qufvufazmfjyygrnf/
Ctrl + Start + Tab - address bar Space-Bar - a&G ; cs,f j yD ; vk y f r ,f / aZ,smpH

aumfzaD EG;puf
uGefysLwmoHk;ae&if;u aumfzDwpfcGufudk ylyl
aEG;aEG;av; aomufzdkY&m
rD;zdkacsmiftxd 0ifaep&m
rvdak wmhyg/USB Coffee
Warmer pufuav;udk
uGeyf sLwmu USB port
odkY wyfvdkuf½Hkyg/ yg0g
2.5 0yfudkom oHk;rSmjzpfjyD;
hotplate &JU tylcsdefu 80 uae 110 'D*&D
rQom &dSygvdrfhr,f/ tcsdeftm;jzifh 5 rdepf uae 8
rdepftwGi;f MumjrifEh ikd jf yD; tylay;aejyDqw
kd hJ nTejf yrD;
uav;udkvnf; jrifae&rSmyg/ owåKcGuf? a<ucGuf?
zefcGufxlxlwdkYudk oHk;Edkifygw,f/ t&G,ftpm;u
9_11 pifwDrDwm odkYr[kwf bl;cGHygxnfhwGuf&if
13_10 pifwDrDwmjzpfvdkY c&D;aqmifo,f,lEdkifwJh
ypönf;wpfckvnf;jzpfygw,f/ ESpfESpf tmrcHay;
xm;jyD; wefzdk; 29.95 a':vmvdkY od&ygw,f/
tao;pdwu f kd www.coolthings.com odYk qufo, G f
pHkprf;Edkifygw,f/

{jyD? 2008 87
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

Intel CORP &JU Executive Vice- aqG;aEG;chJw,f/ pDrHudef;twGuf ukef

President wpf O D ; jzpf w h J Sean M usEkdifwhJ udef;*Pef;awGudk telecom-
.Maloney &JU pdwfxJrSm r[mtMuH executives awGu wGuc f suf wifjyvm awmif Broadband Man
tpnfMuD;wpfck &Sdaew,f/ tar&duef csde fr Smawmh Maloney wpf a ,muf ukd logo wHqyd ½f u dk jf yD; vuf
rSm&SdwhJ aetdrfwkdif;udk Superfast touf½ª rSm;csifovkdawmif jzpfoGm;& aqmifay;chJw,f/ csKyfwm
broadband Internet access vkyfvkdY w,f/ pDrHudef;wpfckvHk;[m tar&duef aygh/
&atmif fiber-optic cable vkdif;awG a':vm 90 bDvD,H (oef; 90,000) tajctae raumif;
oG,fwef;ay;vkdufvkdY&Sd&if tar&duef ukeu f svdrrfh ,f/ tar&duefu tifwm aMumif; Grove xH jyef
EkdifiH wpf0ef;vHk;u tifwmeuf csdwf euf csdwfqufvkdol tdrfaxmifpkwkdif; tpD&ifcHwhJtcg olu 'D
qufol rSeforQ olwkdY&JU yDpDuGefysLwm [mvnf; olwkdYtdwfxJu a':vm udpöudk MudK;rhJqufoG,f
awGrSm Intel ukrÜPDxkwf Powerful 1100 avmuf xyfaqmif; ukeu f s&r,fh a&; enf ; ynmawG e J Y
chip awG rvGJraoG oHk;vm&awmhr,f oabm jzpfaew,f/ 'gqkd oGm;jyD? tpm;xkd;&ifa&m jzpfwef
r[kwfvm;/ 'gqkd tar&duefEkdifiH a0;jyD/ 'D y rmP[m Intel uk r Ü P D ajc &Sdrvm;vkdY ar;chJ
wpf0ef;vH;k uyku d q
f aH wG olwYdk qD tvH;k wpfcw k nf;eJY b,fvrdk S vufvrS ;f rrDwJh w,f/ Intel ukrP Ü t D ae
t&if;eJY vSdrfh0ifvmawmhraygh/ b,f yrmP jzpfaew,f/ 'Dawmifudk armif eJY hotspot ac:whJ uefY
avmuf aumif;vkdufovJ/ b,fvkdjzdK&ygh/ wpfckawmh &Sdw,f/ owf{&d,m usOf;usOf;xJ
'Dvkdjzpfvmatmif yxrqHk; vkyf olOD;atmif rvkyfvnf; tajctae rSm broadband internet ac-
aqmif&rSmu massive fiber-laying t&yf&yf&JU vkdtyfvmrIaMumifh wjcm; cess ukd MudK;rhJ a&'D,kdenf;
project wpfck taumiftxnf ay: telecom ukrÜPDawGu 'Dudpöudk rjzpf ynmeJY vSr;f csdwEf idk w f Jh Wi-
vma&;yJ/ Intel ukrP Ü t D aeeJY telecom rae taumiftxnf azmfMu&rSmyJ/ fi technology rSm xdyf
ukrÜPD wpfcsKdUukd aiGaMu;tultnD wpfaeYaeYawmhjzpfvmvdrrhf nf/ okYdaomf wef ; u OD ; aqmif a ewh J
ay;jyD; jrefjref wGef;tm;ay; taumif b,faeYrSef; rodaygh/ oabm &Sdw,f/ MudK;rhJ
txnfazmfEkdifzkdY &nfrSef;chJw,f/ 'DvkdeJY Intel ukrÜPD&JU tJ'Dwkef;u Ouú| tifwmeufqufo, G Ef idk f
2002 ckESpfxJrSm pDvDuGefawmifMum; jzpfwJh Andy Grove uvnf; ukrP Ü u
D r,fh Laptop awGrmS wyf
Intel XmecsKyf&JU rvSrf;rurf; [kdw,f &nfrSef;xm;whJ broadband strategy xm;whJ txl; chip wpf
wpfckrSm telecom executives wcsKdUeJY twGuf Maloney udk wm0efcH cefYtyf rsKd;[m Intel ucsnf;
vQKdU0Suf awGUqHkjyD; 'DpDrHcsufukd csjy xm;csdef jzpfaew,f/ T-shirt ay:rSm xkwfvkyfay;chJwm jzpf

88 uGefysLwm*sme,f
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG

{jyD? 2008 89
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
w,f/ Wi-fi pepfvdk rDwmtenf;i,f yJaygh/ Wireless broadband pepf w,f/ Chip xkwfvkyfolawG? yDpDxkwf
avmuf tuGmta0;u qufo, G Ef idk w
f Jh wpfct k aumiftxnfay:vmzkYdu Intel vkyo f al wG? vlo;kH tDvufx&Geef pfypön;f
taetxm;udk cellular network awGvdk ukrÜPDwpfckwnf;eJY rjyD;bl;/ urÇmh xkwfvkyfolawG? networking ukrÜPD
rkdifcsD tvSrf;uGmwhJ ae&mawGu MudK;rhJ pH o wf r S w f c suf jzpf v mzk d Y v k d w ,f / awG? software ukrÜPDawG tusKd;wl
a&'D,kdenf;ynmoHk;jyD; csdwfqufEkdifzkdY trsm;eJY tH0ifcGifusjzpfr,fh Industry yl;aygif;yg0ifvmatmif qGaJ qmif &Si;f jy
wnfaqmufvkdY rjzpfEkdifaybl;vm;/ Standard jzpfvmzkdY ta&;[m e,fy,f ch&J w,f/ 'Dvedk YJ WiMax ac:whJ Wire-
2002 ckESpf0ef;usif taetxm; toD;oD;u ukrÜPDawGeJY em;vnf less broadband technology wpfck
twkdif; ajym&r,fqkd&if Wireless oabmwlrI? yl;aygif; aqmif&GufrI&&SdzkdY ay:xGef;vmzkdY vrf;p yGifhvm&w,f/
broadband technology qk d w m vkdtyfw,f/ Maloney wpfa,muf WiMax pD r H c suf u k d pwif c sjy
aocsmem;vnfoabmaygufwJh tif*sif tJ'Duwnf;u tjidrfrae&awmhbl;/ cgpu tech analyst awG&JU a0zef½Iyfcs
eD,mta& twGu[ f m vufcsKd;a&wGuf urÇmwpfvmT ;u ukrP Ü aD wGeYJ tusKd;wl rIudk cHchJ&ayr,fh aemufqHk;awmh ausmf
vkYd&whJ tqifrh mS yJ&adS o;w,f/ &m*Pef; yl;aygif;yg0ifvmzkdY wkdufwGef;aqG;aEG; vTm;Ekid cf w
Jh ,f/ tckq&dk if urÇmwpfvmT ;
xufrydkbl;/ &ef av,mOfwpfpif;eJY rkid af xmifaomif; WiMax network 300 xlaxmifr,fh
Maloney &JU tajzuawmh Yes csDjyD; tacgufacguftcgcg ajy;&awmh a':vm 13 bDvD,Hwef pDrHudef;wpfck
udk telecom ukrÜPD wpf'gZifausmfu
A WiMax Primer yg0if taumiftxnfazmfzYdk jyifqifae
WiMax qdkwm bmvJ MujyD/ 2007 ckESpf ZlvkdifvxJrSm sprint
WiMax qdkwm World Wide Interoperability for Microwave Access &JU Nextel Corp eJY Clearwire Corp wkdY
twdak umuf jzpfygw,f/ a&'D,kd MudrEf eI ;f cGiaf wGo;kH jyD; digital bits yrmPrsm;pGmudk ESpfOD; yl;aygif;jyD; oHk;pGJol azmufonf
MudK;rhJpepfeJY xkwfvTwf csdwfqufEkdifr,fhenf;ynm jzpfw,f/ mobile computer aygif; oef; 100 avmuf&Sdr,fh nation-
eJY handhelds awGuae MudK;rhJ csdwfqufEkdifwhJ Wi-fi wireless network awGudk wide network wpfckudk 2008 ckESpf
xyfqifh wk;d csJUrGr;f rHxm;whJ pepfwpfcv
k nf; jzpfw,f/ vuf&t dS oH;k jyKaewhJ broad- ukerf mS taumiftxnfazmfzYdk&adS ew,f/
band entertainment eJY Internet access awG[m fiber-optics cable line 2008 ckESpftprSm csDum*kdeJY 0g&Sifwef
awGtay: tajccH wnfaqmufxm;wmjzpfvkdY ukefusp&dwf tifrwefMuD;ygw,f/ 'DpjD rdKUawGrmS WiMax pepf pwif ouf
WiMax [m MudK;rhaJ &'D,dk enf;ynmudk toH;k jyKxm;wmaMumifh ukeu
f sp&dwf rsm;pGm 0ifvmrSmjzpfjyD; ygupöwef? w½kwf?
oufomw,f/ Mopaw;vs pwhJ usef urÇmEh idk if aH wGrmS
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
awmh 2009 ckESpfxJavmufrSm WiMax
Wi-Fi eJY WiMax bm uGmjcm;ovJ pepf a&muf&Sd toHk;jyKvmEkdifr,fvkdY
vuf&dS avqdy?f aumfzq D idk ?f [kw d ,fawGrmS Hotspot awGxm;jyD; tifwmeufeYJ cefYrSef;xm;w,f/
MudK;rhJ csw
d q
f ufEidk af tmifvyk xf m;whJ Wi-fi pepf[m rDwmtenf;i,favmuf tuGm WiMax network awG wnf
ta0;xd csO;f uyfjyD;rS qufo, G v f Ydk&w,f/ WiMax uawmh rkid f 30 tuGmta0;u aqmuf wyfqifjyD;csdefrSm oHk;pGJ csdwf
vSrf;qufoG,fEkdifw,f/ tcsuftvuf o,faqmif 0ifqHhrItm;rSmvnf; tq qufolawGtaeeJY video entertain-
50 ydkvmr,f/ ment eJY voice telephone services
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ awG ay;pGrf;vmEkdifrSmrkdY cable-televi-
toHk;jyKoal wGtwGuf WiMax u bmawG ay;pGr;f rvJ sion services awGeJYtjydKif jzpfvm
TV, TiVo, notebook PC eJY Smart phone toH;k jyKolawGtm;vH;k rSm WiMax r,f/ tm;omcsufu armfawmfum;?
access chip wyfqifxm;vkdufwmeJY EIef;jref tifwmeufcsdwfqufrIawGudk &xm;awGay:rSm oGm;vm vIyf&Sm;&if;
oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;&if; MudK;rhJpepfeJY toHk;jyKvmEkdifw,f/ Ultrafast, Web surfing, wireless e-mail ay;ykdYwmwkdY? web-
video telephone calls eJY Movie viewing awGukd tifwmeuf qufaMumif;uae surfing wkdY vkyfvmEkdifr,f/ vmr,fh
vkyaf qmifvmEkid w
f ,f/ tjydKiftqkid f vkyaf qmifvmwmeJYtrQ ukeu
f sp&dwaf wGvnf; a&S;ESpfupjyD; uGefysLwm ta&mif;qkdif
oufomvmr,f/ ay:u Laptop uGefysLwmawGrSm code

90 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
name trnf0Suf Echo Peak ac:whJ olY&UJ t"dujydKib f ufawGjzpfwJh Verison
WiMax-capable chips awG wyfqif eJY AT&T ukrÜPDawGeJY e,fwpfe,f
yg&Sdvmawmhr,f/ Wi-fi pepfeJY csdwf wnf;rSm tusdwfte,f ,SOfjydKifae&
qufEkdifwhJ Laptop uGefysLwmawGrSm whJ usOf;usyfwhJ taetxm;u cGJxGuf
Centrino Line of chip awG ygovkd vG w f a jrmuf v mapw,f / Mobile
rsKd;aygh/ Wi-Fi network rSm csdwfquf handset awGt"duxkwv f yk w
f Jh Nokia
oHk;ol[m Access point 'grSr[kwf ukrÜPDtaeeJYvnf; communication
hotspot ac:whJ uefYowfxm;whJae&m services awG jznhfqnf;zkdY aps;uGuf
em;udk rDwmtenf;i,f tuGmxd csOf; wpf c k jzpf v mapw,f / Samsung
uyfjyD; toHk;jyK&w,f/ wpfjydKifeuf Group taeeJ Y v nf ; networking
csdwfqufrIawG pkjyHKvmwhJtcg a&'D,kd equipment business awG t"d u
MudrfEIef;cGif ravmufawmhvkdY aESmifhaES; jznhfpGrf;ay;ol jzpfvmapr,f/
MuefYMumrIawG jzpfvmwwfw,f/ WiMax udk pwif pOf;pm;wkef;u
WiMax network rSmawmh tif a&'D,kdvdIif;awG ykdYaqmifxkwfvTifhzkdY
wmeuf csdwfquf toHk;jyKoltaeeJY rkd;ysHavoabFm (giant blimps) awG
rkdif 30 tuGmta0;u vSrf;csdwfEkdif vTwfwifjyD; Wirborme radio trans-
r,f/ wpfjydKifeuf csdwq f ufoal wG rsm; mitters awG toHk;jyKzkdY pOf;pm;chJao;
vmvkYd pkjyHKydwq f Ydk MuefYMumrIawG rjzpf& w,f/ aemufawmh Cell phone awG
atmif Licensed radio waves wcsKdU &JU zcifMuD;wpfO;D jzpfwM Jh artin Cooper
udk tvsOf;oihfovkd ckefausmfa&G;cs,f eJY Maloney awGUqHktjyD;rSmawmh pdwf
toHk;jyKoGm;Ekdifr,fh cognitive radio ul;wcsKdU ajymif;oGm;w,f/ taumif;
enf;ynm wyfqifxm;w,f/ tvsOf; qHk;eJY wGufajctukdufqHk; vrf;aMumif;
oih&f ma&'D,v dk iId ;f awGut kd vdt
k avsmuf uawmh oD;oefYpepf wpfck rxlaxmif
ckefausmf ul;ajymif; toHk;jyKvmEkdifwm yJ &SEd iS jhf yD;om; callular network awGeYJ
aMumifh digital traffic jams awG jzpfp&m vkdufavsm 0ifqHhatmif vkyfaqmifoGm;
rvkdawmhbl;/ zkdYyJ/
WiMax &JUt&Snaf umuf t"dymÜ ,f AT&T taeeJ Y v nf ; WiMax
uawmh World Wide Interopera- xuf t&ifapmjyD; Project Angel
bility for Microwave Access vkdY MudK;rhJ tifwmeufpepfudk taumif
ac:w,f/ qef;opfwhJ MudK;rhJenf;ynm txnfazmfzkdY 2000 jynhfESpfxJrSm MuH
awG aygif;pkxm;wmrkdY tech compa- pnfchJzl;ao;w,f/ 'gayr,fh tJ'Dwkef;
nies awGtwGuf olwkdYuRrf;usif&m u trsm;eJY 0ifqHhukdufnDr,fh indus-
wDxGif xkwfvkyfwhJ tqifhjrifh enf; try standard qkdwm ay:xGufvmjcif;
ynm xGufukefypönf;awG wGifwGif r&Sad o;bl;/ ukrP Ü aD wG wpfcek YJ wpfcu
k
us,fus,f a&mif;cs&r,fh MuD;rm;whJ xkwfvkyfwhJ ypönf;tcsif;csif; pepf
aps;uGufMuD; wpfckudkvnf; zefwD;jyD; wpfckwnf;rSm csdwfqufvkdYr& jzpfae
om; jzpfoGm;apw,f/ Intel ukrÜPD w,f/ aps;aygaygeJY xkwfvkyfzkdYvnf;
taeeJ Y aemif v mr,f h WiMax eJ Y rjzpfEkdifawmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh project
csdwfquf toHk;jyKEkdifr,fh uGefysLwm Angel [m taumiftxnf ay:rvmchJ
awGtwGuf t"du chips xkwfvkyfol bl;/
jzpfvmjyD; Sprint ukrÜPDtaeeJYvnf; WiMax ay:aygufvma&; wu,fh

{jyD? 2008 91
uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
zcif[m Maloney qkd&if rrSm;bl;/ vufawGU taumiftxnfazmfEkdifr,fh tMuD;tuJjzpfwhJ Lee Ki Tae eJY oGm;
enf;ynmawGuawmh &SdjyD;om; jzpfae uRrf;usifraI wG r&Sad o;bl;vkYd ,lqwm a&muf awGUqHk n§dEdIif;chJw,f/ Lee Ki
ayr,f h pepf w pf c k w nf ; atmuf r S m aMumifh 'De,fy,frSm uRrf;usifwhJ ynm Tae [m aemuf y k d i f ; rS m Samsung
pkpnf;rdzkdYqkdwm olY&JU vkyfaqmif vHIY &SifawG pkpnf;xm;whJ ukrÜPDwcsKdUudk ukrÜPD&JU'kw, d Ouú| jzpfvmchyJ gw,f/
aqmfrrI yg&ifjzpfvmawmhrmS r[kwb f ;l / iSm;&rf;íjzpfap? tjyD;tykdif 0,f,lí olwYdk EpS Of ;D [m rdru
d dk uRrf;usif&m enf;
Maloney yxrqHk; ausmfvTm;chJ&whJ jzpfap vkyaf qmifzYdk vnf; Maloney udk ynmpGr;f rsK;d udk twly;l aygif; vkyaf qmif
tcuftcJuawmh Intel ukrP Ü xD rJ mS yJ/ tMuHjyKchw
J ,f/ tJ'v D edk YJ Intel ukrP
Ü u
D MuzkdY aqG;aEG;chJw,f/ Intel ukrÜPDu
ukrÜPD&JUudpövkdY rxifMubl;/ Long- 'Dudpöudk pwif ajcvSrf;whJ taeeJY Chip tykdif;rSm uRrf;usifjyD; Samsung
range wireless transmission twGuf Standford University tif*sifeD,m ukrÜPDtaeeJY network equipment
standard technology wpfck wnf Xme ygarmu© Arogyaswami Paulraj tykdif;rSm uRrf;usifaew,f/
aqmufzkdYta&;rSm Intel eJY olY&JU r[m wnfaxmifxm;whJ Iospan Wireless Samsung ukrÜPDudkawmh atmif
rdwf ukrP Ü aD wG yl;aygif;yg0ifzYdk vrf;yGihf ukrÜPDudk 0,f,ljzpfchJw,f/ jrifpGm pnf;½Hk;EkdifchJjyD/ 'gayr,fh Intel
oGm;apchJw,f/ tck udpörSmvnf; 'Dvkd awmif u k d & D ; ,m;u Samsung ukrÜPDu olYvkyf&yfudk apmifhMunhfae
yJ/ Intel ukrÜPDtaeeJY World Wide ukrÜPDuvnf; WiMax eJY tvm; whJ Show-me-the-money executives
WiMax network eJY uGefysLwmawG oP²mefwlwhJ MudK;rhJtifwmeufpepf trIaqmifawG vufcHvmatmif aemuf
csdwfqufEkdifatmif aemif xkwfr,fh wpfckudk olYenf;olY[efeJY taumif xyf taumifMuD;MuD; ukrÜPDwpfckudk
Laptop uGefysLwmwkdif;rSm wyfqif txnfazmfzkdY MudK;yrf;aecsdefeJYvnf; xyfrHpnf;½Hk;zkdY vkdao;w,f/ 3G mo-
&r,fh chip trsKd;tpm;opfwpfck&JU oGm;wkdufqkdifaew,f/ us,fjyefYwhJ bile Phone pepfrmS xdyw f ef;u ajy;ae
standard ukd jy|mef;r,f/ wjcm; chip {&d,mwpfcx k rJ mS oGm;vm vIy&f mS ;&if;eJY whJ *syefEkdifiHu NTT DoCoMo Inc
xkwv f yk of al wGeYJ vnf; 'D standard ukd tifwmeuf csdwq f uftoH;k jyKEkid af tmif u trIaqmif t&m&SdawGeJY 2004 ckESpf
tajccHxkwfvkyfjcif;tm;jzifh aps; ouf broadband wireless data services tapmykdif;xJrSm awGUqHk n§dEdIif;chJ&jyef
oufomomeJY aygaygrsm;rsm; xkwv f yk f awG xlaxmifzkdYyJ jzpfw,f/ Maloney w,f/ tqifajyoGm;jyefjyD/ aemuf xyf
vmEkdifapr,f/ [m awmifu&dk ;D ,m;udo
k mG ;jyD; tJ'w
D ek ;f ig;MuD;MuD;wpfaumifyJ zrf;zkYd usefawmh
Intel ukrÜPDxJrSm tajctwif u Samsung ukrP Ü D telecom Xme w,f/ tJ'geJY 2004 ckESpf c&pfprwf
tjiif;yGm;rIawG jzpfay:vmw,f/ quf umvrSm urÇmhtMuD;qHk; cell phone
oG,fa&; tajccHtaqmufttHkawG xkwfvkyfol Nokia ukrÜPDudk pnf;½Hk;
r&Sdao;whJ zGHUjzdK;qJEkdifiHawGvkd tae odrf;oGif;zkdY vkdaeao;w,f/ Nokia
txm;rSm WiMax pepf[m ukefus tygt0if cell phone xkwfwhJ ukrÜPD
p&dwf tenf;qHk;eJY taumif;qHk; jzpfEkdif tawmfrsm;rsm;[m olwkdYxkwfwhJ cell
ayr,fh fiber-optics vkd wire-based phone wkdif;rSm Qualcomm Inc xkwf
network awG high speed cellular chip wpfrsK;d ukd rjzpfrae oH;k ae&w,f/
network awG ykdifqkdifjyD;jzpfwhJ tar Qualcomm ukrP Ü t D aeeJY 'DEidk u
f u
G u
f kd
&duefEkdifiHrsKd;rSm 0ifwkd;zkdY rvG,fbl;vkdY aumif;aumif; tjrwfxkwfaew,f/
axmufjyMuw,f/ olY&JUenf;ynmudk oHk;whJtwGuf &whJ
aemufawmh tJ'Dwkef;u Intel &JU tjrwfaiGxu J tcsK;d us cGaJ y;ae&w,f/
CEO jzpfwhJ Craig Barrett eJY No.2 'gudk cell phone xkwfvkyfol ukrÜPD
tqih&f wdS Jh Paul Otellini u Maloney awG u od y f r auseyf M ubl ; / ol Y u d k
udk cRif;csufwpfckxm;jyD; cGifhjyKvkduf tpm;xkd;r,fh pepfwpf ckay:vm&if
w,f/ wjcm; ukrÜPDawGudk qGJaqmif ajymif;oHk;zkdY 0efrav;Mubl;/ WiMax
Munhf/ ratmifjrif&ifawmh 'DpDrHcsufudk ay:aygufvmwhJtwGuf Qualcomm
&yfqkdif;ypfaygh/ Intel rSm WiMax ukd [m olY&UJ royalty fees awGukd rjzpfrae

92 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
'guvnf; thHMop&m r&Sdbl;/ olY&JU
Wireless chip a&mif;cs&aiGeJY olY&JU
enf;ynmudk toHk;jyKwhJtwGuf ay;
aqmif&whJ royalty fees 0ifaiG tm;vH;k
pkpkaygif;[m 2005 ckESpf wpfESpfwnf;
rSm a':vmoef; 6000 ausmf &SdchJw,f/
IEEE committe ukv d nf; csKyfuidk x
f m;
EkdifchJw,f/ 'gaMumifh 2005 ckESpfrSm
Intel ukrÜPDeJY Samsung ukrÜPDwkdY
OD;aqmif wifoiG ;f vmwhJ WiMax tech-
avQmhcs&rSm rvGb J ;l r[kwv f m;/ Nokia nology udk industry standard owf
ukrÜPDudkvnf; atmifjrifpGm pnf;½Hk; rSwaf &;tqk[ d m tMudrMf udrf y,fcsccH &Jh
EkdifchJjyefjyD/ w,f/ 'g[m Qualcomm eJY Kyocera
tJ'DvkdeJY Intel ukrÜPD&JU tMuD; Corp &JU Wireless broadband tech-
tuJawGu Wi-Max udpöudk pwif nology awG qufvuf &Sifoef &yf
taumiftxnfazmfzkdY rD;pdrf;jyvkdufMu wnfa&;udk ZGwftwif; tumtuG,f
w,f/ Maloney taeeJY aemufxyf ay;xm;who J abm jzpfaew,f/ 'Daemuf
vSrf;&r,fh ajcwpfvSrf;uawmh jydKif uG,rf mS r½k;d om;rI&adS ewmudk odygvsuf
bufawGxuf vufOD;rI &,lzkdYyJ/ bm eJY vufqyk v f ufuidk f oufaorjyEkid v f Ydk
aMumifhvJqkdawmh chip xkwfvkyfol bmrS rwwfEidk cf b Jh ;l / IEEE committe
ukrÜPDti,fpm; wcsKdUeJY network xJrSm Qualcomm u vmbfxkd;wmudk
equipment awGxw k wf Jh ukrP Ü u
D av; vufcaH eolawG MuD;pk;d aew,f/ ½k&mS ;u
awG pkpnf;jyD; 2001 ckEpS x f rJ mS WiMax tif*sifeD,mawGuawmh tqkd;0g;qHk;
Forum wpfck wnfaxmifchJMuw,f/ yJ/ olwkdY ½k&Sm;rSm aewkef;u tvkyf[m
Intel ukrÜPDawmif 2003 ckESpfxJrSm puúLpuf½HkawGu jzpfayr,fh IEEE
tJ'D Forum xJ toif;0if jzpfvmchJ tzGJUudk a&mufvmawmh wireless is-
w,f/ 2001 ckESpfavmufrSm toif; sues awGudk tqHk;tjzwf ay;&r,fhvl
0ifurk P Ü D 65 ckyJ &S&d mu 2003 ckEpS x f J awG jzpfaew,f/ 2006 ckESpf ESpfv,f
rSm toif;0ifurk P Ü D 300 txd jzpfvm ta&muf r S m awmh aumf r wD O uú |
chJw,f/ 'DaeYtcsdefrSmawmh toif;0if Terry Upton tygt0if tzGUJ 0ifav;OD;
ukrÜPD 400 avmuf jzpfvmchJjyD/ udk z,f&SmtjyD;rSmawmh WiMax [m
urÇmhtMuD;qHk; MudK;rhJqufoG,fa&; Mobile communications standard
ukrÜPDMuD;jzpfwhJ vodafone Group wpfcktjzpf twnfjyKay;EkdifchJw,f/
PLC vnf; toif;0if jzpfvmw,f/ Qualcomm uk r Ü P D t wG u f
'DESpf azazmf0g&DvxJ Vodafone CEO aemufxyf txdemapr,fh xkd;ESufcsuf
Arun Sarin ajymwhJ owday;pum; wpfcu k awmh 2006 ckEpS f Zlvidk v f xJrmS
xJrSm WiMax eJY wjcm; enf;ynmawG yg/ Intel, Motorola eJY Bell Canada
[m ol w k d Y u k r Ü P D & J U aeY v ,f p mud k wkYd oH;k OD; yl;aygif;jyD; Clearwire ukrP Ü D
twif; 0ifpm;aeMujyDvkdY qkdxm;w,f/ udk t&if;tESD; rwnfay;jcif;jzifh 'D
WiMax ay:xGef;vmrSmudk rvkd ukrP Ü [ D m a&'D,Mkd udrEf eI ;f cGif trsm;qH;k
vm;qHk;uawmh Qualcomm ukrÜPDyJ/ 0,f,l ykdifqkdifxm;whJ taetxm;udk

{jyD? 2008 93
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
a&muf & S d v m 'Dvdk ajcvSr;f tom&rI[m WiMax
apchJ eJY Qualcomm &JU technology tMum;
w,f / ta&G;cs,f&cufaewhJ Sprint Nextel
WiMax ukrÜPDudkvnf; rdrdwkdYbufa&mufvm
p e p f atmif wGef;tm;ay;vkdufovkd jzpfoGm;
twGuf &w,f/ 'gaMumifh 2006 ckESpfxJrSm
a&'D,Mkd udrEf eI ;f Sprint Nextel ukrP Ü [D m Intel, Moto-
cGif rsm;rsm; vkd rola, Samsung wkdYeJY tusKd;wlyl;aygif;
w,f r[k w f v m;/ aqmif&GufoGm;r,fvkdY w&m;0if xkwf
'D u k r Ü P D [ m 2004 jyefchJw,f/
ckEpS rf mS topfay:vm 'gayr,fh tem*wf umvtwGuf
whJ ukrÜPDtopfyJ/ Wireless broadband services rSm
wpfcsed w f ek ;f u tar&d tompD;&zkdY wkdufyGJawG[m jyD;qHk;oGm;
uef&UJ txifu& mobile phone r,fh oabm r&SdwhJtjyif a&SUavQmuf
ukrÜPDMuD; wpfckjzpfwhJ McCaw Cel- ydkjyD; jyif;xefvmr,hfoabm &Sdw,f/
lular ukd wnfaxmifcw Jh Jh Craig O.Mc 2007 ckESpf {jyDvxJrSm Qualcomm
Caw ygyJ/ 1994ckEp S rf mS AT&T ukrP Ü D ukrÜPD[m chip xkwfvkyfol TeleCIS
u McCaw Cellular ukd a':vm 11 Wireless Inc xHu WiMax technol-
'or 5 bDvD,Hay;jyD; tjywf0,f,l ogy awGudk 0,f,lchJygw,f/ aemifvm
chJw,f/ ol[m tJ'Du&whJ aiGawGudk r,fh WiMax csdwfEkdifwhJ ypönf;awGrSm
toHk;jyKjyD; Texas-based Clearwire intel udk ,SOfjydKifr,fhoabmyg/
ukrÜPD 0,f,l ykdifqkdifxm;whJ a&'D,kd tar&duefEidk if rH mS oGm;vmvIy&f mS ;
MudrfEIef;cGifawGudk wdwfwqdwf vlod ae&whJ portable devices awG&UJ t"du
rcHbJ 0,f,lchJw,f/ aemufykdif; olY tm;enf;csuf wpf&yf[m bufx&Dyg0g
ukd,fykdifukrÜPD emrnfudkvnf; Clear- udk MumMumrxdef;xm;Ekdifwmvnf;
wire trnfay;chw J ,f/ ol0,f,l ykid q f idk f wpfaMumif; yg0ifaew,f/ 'gaMumifh
xm;wh J a&'D , k d M ud r f E I e f ; cG i f a wG e J Y tifwmeufcsdwfqufrIawGrSm tcsuf
qufvuf0,f,lr,fh a&'D,kd MudrfEIef; tvuf jrefEIef;rsm;rsm;eJY xkwfvTifhEkdif
cGifawG pkpnf;vkduf&if cable TV eJY r,fh broadband access awG ay:
&SdESifhjyD;om; wjcm; w,fvDzkef;ukrÜPD aygufvmjcif;[m wkdawmif;whJ buf
awGudk ,SOfjydKifEkdifr,fh broadband x&Doufwrf;twGi;f vkt d yfr,fh tvkyf
a&'D,kd MudrfEIef;cGifawG jzpfvmr,f/ udpö tawmfrsm;rsm;udk jyD;pD;atmif
Intel, Motorola eJY Bell Canada wkYd u vkyfaqmif vmEkdifvdrfhr,f/ tqifhjrifh
rwnf a y;wh J t&if ; tES D ; eJ Y wjcm; enf;ynmypönf;awGudk aps;aygayg?
a&'D,kd MudrfEIef;cGifawGudk qufvuf tvHk;t&if;eJY jzefYcsd vmEkdif r,fqkd&if
0,f,ljcif;jzifh tar&dueftpkd;&&JU WiMax [m 2008 ckESpftwGif; okdY
aemuf wpfMudrf xyfusif;yr,fh a&'D,dk r[kwf 2009 ckESpftwGif;rSm wGifus,f
MudrfEIef;cGif avvHyGJ (spectrum auc- vmzG,f &SdaeaMumif;yg/
tion) rSm aps;MuD;ay;qGJzkdY wmplaewhJ pkid ;f wifx
h ;l
Google ukrP Ü x
D ufvnf; ajcwpfvrS ;f Ref : Businessweek
tom OD;vkdufEkdifw,f/ September 2007

{jyD? 2008 95
REVIEW

pdwful;tdyfrufrSonf pkwfcsufrJhyef;csDodkY zefwD;jcif;

Photoshop [laom pum;vHk;udk Adobe Creative Suite 3 (CS3)
tGefvdkif;wGif &SmazGjcif;
uGefysLwmorm;rsm; odxm;MujyD; jzpf onf ,aeYwdkif *&yfzpf'DZkdif; a&;qGJol
Adobe CS3 aqmhzf0Jrsm;twGuf
onf/ txl;ojzifh *&yfzpf'ZD ikd ;f jyKvkyf rsm;twGuf wpfckwnf;aom tEdIif;rJh
0ufbfqdkuf vdyfpm nTef;ay;
olwYkd\ r&drS jzpfo;kH aeMuonfh aqmhz0f J aqmhzf0Jrsm;[k qdkMuonf/ omref
vdkonf/ ¤if;wGif a0zefoHk;oyf
jzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif Creative Suite t½kyf? toH aygif;pyfzGJUpnf;rIrsm;onf
csuf? qef;ppfcsufrsm;udkvnf;
udk odvm;[kar;vQif twefi,frQ Za0 tqifjh rifh AD',
D ?kd ½ky&f iS rf sm;txd zefw;D
vnf; zwf½IEdkifygonf/
Z0gjzpfomG ;ygvdrrhf nf/ Photoshop udk Edkifcsufrsm;u thHrcef;zG,f jzpfonf/
1990 jynhfESpfwGif Apple computer wpfcsdefu ½kyf&SifzefwD;rIe,fy,fwGif Photoshop CS3
macworld.com/2757.
rsm;twGuf Adobe Systems rS yxr emrnfaumif; &dScJhonfh Macromedia
Photoshop CS3 Extended
qHk; a&;om;xkwfvkyfcJhonf/ Photo- udk Adobe Systems u ,lvdkufjcif; macworld.com/2758.
shop, Illustrator ponfjzifh aqmhzf0J jzifh vkyaf qmifEikd cf sufrsm; ydjk yD; rsm;vm InDesign CS3
wpfckcsif;udk oD;jcm; xkwfvkyfcJh&mrS onf/ wpfpkwa0;wnf;vnf; jzpfvm macworld.com/2761.
2003 ckESpfwGif Adobe Creative ygonf/ Illustrator CS3
Suite (CS) tjzpf wpfpkwaygif;wnf; Adobe Creative Suite 3 (CS3) macworld.com/2760.
xkwfvkyfcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ 2007 ckESpf onf ,aeYwdkif *&yfzpf'DZkdif; a&;qGJol Acrobat 8 Professional
macworld.com/2460.
rwfvwGif Adobe Creative Suite 3 rsm;twGuf wpfckwnf;aom tEdIif;rJh
Bridge CS3
(CS3) udk rdwfqufjzefYcsdcJhonf/ ¤if; aqmhzf0Jrsm;[k qdkMuonf/ omref macworld.com/2759.
onf third version vnf; jzpfonf/ t½kyf? toH aygif;pyfzGJUpnf;rIrsm;onf InCopy CS3
tqdkyg CS3 onf *&yfzpf 'DZdkif;orm; tqifjh rifh AD',
D ?kd ½ky&f iS rf sm;txd zefw;D macworld.com/2762.
rsm;twGuf jyD;jynfhpHkaom toHk;cs Edkifcsufrsm;u thHrcef;zG,f jzpfonf/ Version Cue CS3
aqmhzf0J tpkta0;vnf;jzpfonf/ macworld.com/2767.

96 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f
 Adobe CS3

Photoshop CS3
tcsdwftquf tul;tajymif;
tqifajyrIESifh tm;enf;csuf
Photoshop CS3 wGif interface
[k ac:Muonfh tcsdwftquf tul;
tajymif; rsm;pGm&do S nf/ uHtm;avsmfpmG
yif Adobe onf shortcut (keys)
rsm;udk rajymif;cJhyg/ odkYjzpfí rnfonfh
Photoshop version udk oHk;onfjzpf
ap uD;rsm;u twlwlyif jzpfí txl;
rSwfom;&ef rvdkyg/
Photoshop \ palettes rsm;udk
,ck CS3 wGif panels rsm;[k ac:xm;
onf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh palettes tpm; ydík aumif;vmaom Black and White vkyfaqmifcsuf
panel [k ajymif;vJac:a0:vdu k í
f CS3 topfjzpfaom Photoshop CS3 (dialog box) wGif (A) onf film filers trsKd;rsKd;
\ xl;jcm;rIvnf; jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYudk toGif wkyvkyfaqmifEdkifonfh csdefnd§cvkwfrsm;udk jyay;xm;onf/ ¤if;wGif teDatmuf
a&mifjcnftwGufyif ygao;onf/ Clone-Source panel onf CS3 \ aqmif&Gufcsuf
vdktyfvQif zGifhxm;jyD; rvdktyfvQif topf jzpfonf/ (B) ESifh (C) wGif clone vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk icon rsm;jzifh udk,fpm;jyK
acwå azsmufxm;Edkifonf/ armufpf jyay;xm;ygonf/
uvpf EdyS jf yD; vdo
k vdk oH;k Edik o
f nf/ Tab
key udk oHk;jyD; panels rsm;udk azsmuf toH;k wnfrh nfh version jzpfygvdrrhf nf/ &mwGif Channel Mixer uJhokdY vkyf
xm;ay;Edkifonf/ Screen \ tpGef; CS3 \ Channel Mixer and Curves aqmifcsufudk owd&ygvdrfhrnf/ ,ck
ae&mrsm;rS armufpfudk a&SU aemuf dialog boxes rsm;onf oif\ yHjk yKjyif Black & White vkyfief;pOf topf
ta0; ponf a&GUvsm;jcif;jzifh jyef rI tqifhqifhudk odrf;qnf;ay;jyD; jyef onf ydí k vG,u f ol nfukd awGU&ygrnf/
azmfay;Edkifonf/ odkYr[kwf azsmufxm; vnf azmfxkwfjyay;rnf jzpfonf/ Curves dialog box onf CS3
Edkifygonf/ Panels rsm;udk drag qGJ Photoshop wGif *&yfzpf'DZdkif; jyK wGif aqmif&Gufcsuf tenf;i,fcufcJ
ouJhodkY a&TUajymif;ay;EdkifjyD; ukd,fpm; vkyfcsuf rsm;pGm yg&dSjyD;jzpfonfudk od onf[kxif&aomfvnf; tone rsm;udk
jyK icon rsm;udk uvpf vkyfEdkifygonf/ xm;Muygonf/ yef;csDtEkynmtm;jzifh csdefn§d&mwGif txl; toHk;0ifonf/
Adobe onf workspace wnf pkwfwHrsm; wdk;jyD; jznfhqnf;xm;onf/ Controls topfrsm;pGm yg0ifvmjyD; yHk
aqmuf&mwGif ydkrdk tm;omcsufrsm; &dS oif\ tawGUtMuHKay: rlwnfjyD; pkwf rsm;udk tvif;tarSmif csden f &§d mwGif ydrk kd
onf/ Black & White (adjustment csuftopfrsm;udk jc,frIef;Edkifonf/ vG,fulapygonf/ Curves dialog
command) onf CS3 \ vkyfaqmif ,ck CS3 version topfwdk;&mwGif box onf Levels dialog box uJo h Ykdyif
csuf topf wpfck jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf vnf; Adobe onf tpOftvmudk csdefnd§jcif;vkyfief;rsm;wGif slider yHkpH
ta&mifpHk yHkwpfyHk\ ta&miftaoG; aumif;pGm xdef;xm;EdkifqJ jzpfonf[k opfjzifh aqmif&GufEdkifonf/ Levels
tao;pdwftwdkif; tjzLtrnf;yHktjzpf nTef;vdkygonf/ rsm;udk toHk;jyKjyD; t&dyfrsm; (shadow)
ajymif;vJay;ygvdrrhf nf/ Sliders rsm;udk xif a pjcif ; od k Y r[k w f highlight
a&TUay;jcif;jzifh yHkudk pdwfMudKuf jc,fo yHkrsm;twGuf ydkrdk tpGrf;xuf ay;jcif;rsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ ¤if;wGif
ay;Edkifonf/ vG,fulaom aqmif&Guf Photoshop toHk;jyKolrsm;onf uD;cvkwf tenf;i,fom EdSyf&jyD;
Edkifcsufjzpfí "mwfyHkorm;rsm;twGuf a&mifpHkyHkrsm;udk tjzLtrnf;odkY ajymif; black odkYr[kwf white- point slider

{jyD? 2008 97
REVIEW
rsm; a&TUay;&jcif;omjzpfonf/ Tone
rsm;udk csdefnd§ay;onfh aqmif&Gufcsuf
rsm;tjyif topftopfaom tools rsm;
vnf; yg0ifvmygonf/
Photoshop CS3 wGif Camera
Raw 4 yg0ifvmonf/ ¤if;onf vkyf
aqmifcsuftopf jzpfjyD; "mwfyHkorm;
rsm;twGuf ta&;ygonfh vkyfief;pOf
vnf;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif Retouch tool
vkyaf qmifcsufonf yHrk S trIet f rTm;rsm;
udk z,fxw k af y;Edik jf yD; cloning vkyif ef;
pOftwGufvnf; aumif;pGm toHk;csEdkif
ygonf/

Filters aqmif&u
G fcsuf Photo raw jzifh tvkyf vkyfjcif;
Photoshop onf version rsm; Camera Raw4 \ Retouch Tool wGif (A) onf trIeftpufrsm; udk &Sif;vif;ay;jcif;
tqifhqifh jr§ifhvmonfESifhtnD trSm; jzpfonf/ yHk\ nmbufaxmifhatmufwGif tpuftm; &Sif;xm;onfudk awGU&ygrnf/
t,Gi;f vnf; ydjk yD;enf;vmonf/ txl;
ojzifh rl&if;yHk pixels rsm;udk tajymif; tvJ tysuftpD; r&dSatmif aqmif&Guf enf;vrf;trsKd;rsKd;udk ajymif;oHk;&onf/
123456789012345678
123456789012345678 EdkifpGrf; &dSvmonf/ Photoshop CS3 Photoshop CS3 wGif Quick Selec-
123456789012345678
123456789012345678
Photoshop CS3 wGif image filter vkyfief;pOfudk xnfh tion tool [lí topf xnhfay;vdkuf
123456789012345678
123456789012345678 ay;xm;onf/ Layer wpfcu k kd a&G;cs,f onfh aqmif&Gufcsufonf vkyfief;pOf
123456789012345678 udk tqifajy vG,fulapygonf/ wpf
123456789012345678 jyD; Filter udk zGifhyg/ Convert for
123456789012345678 Smart Filter (command) udk ay; enf;tm;jzifh select vkyfvdkufonfh
123456789012345678
tm;omcsuf
123456789012345678
yHkjyKjyifjcif;ESifh ywfoufvQif pGrf;&nf vdkufyg/ Photoshop onf layer udk brush {&d,mwGif yg0ifaom wpfck
123456789012345678
123456789012345678
jynfh0aom aqmhzf0Jjzpfonfudk odxm; smart object odYk ajymif;ay;vdu k of nf/ xufydkaom ta&mifudk wpfjydKifwnf;
123456789012345678
123456789012345678
Muonf/ yHkrsm;udk alignment csdefnd§jcif;ESifh
¤if;wGif filters settings rsm;udk ajymif; a&G;cs,fay;Edkifjcif; jzpfonf/
123456789012345678
tjzLtrnf ;odkY ajymif;vJaom tools rsm;
123456789012345678 ay;jcif;jzifh yHkudk jyKjyifEdkifonf/ Adobe Photoshop \ Select
123456789012345678
onf yxr wef;pm;rsm;[kyif qdkEdkifonf/
123456789012345678
Camera Raw module onfvnf; "mwfyHk Smart filter rsm;onf yHkjyKjyifjcif; (menu) rS Feather (command) onf
123456789012345678
123456789012345678
orm;rsm;twGuf tm;xm;&rnfh aqmif wGif ydkjyD; Eknufapygonf/ odkY&mwGif xl;jcm;aom aqmif&Gufcsuf jzpfonf/
123456789012345678
&Gufcsuf jzpfonf/ Refine Edge onf a&G;cs,frI (selec-
123456789012345678 ½IyfaxG;rI tenf;i,f &dSEdkifonf/ a&G;
123456789012345678 cs,fxm;onfh filter udk zGijhf cif;ESihf ydwf tion) vkyi
f ef;pOfwiG f ta&;ygonf/ xkYd
123456789012345678
123456789012345678
tm;enf;csuf jcif;onf tqifajyonf/ Photoshop twl jc,frIef;jcif; vkyfief;pOftwGuf
123456789012345678
tcsdwftquf tul;tajymif; (interface)
123456789012345678 onf filter twGuf tjrJwrf; wGucf suf Clone Source panel onf topf jzpf
123456789012345678
wGif tpGe;f rsm;ü racsmarGU jzpfaewwfonf?
123456789012345678 ay;aeygvdrfhrnf/ onf/ yHk\ pixels rsm; wnfae&mudk
123456789012345678
Smart-filter function wGif csden f c§d suf tcsKdU
123456789012345678
onf tqif r ajy jzpf w wf y gonf / wdwu d sus owfrw S u f m jc,foay;Edik f
123456789012345678
123456789012345678 a&G;cs,fjcif;ESifh jc,frIef;jcif; onf/
123456789012345678
aps;EIef;
123456789012345678 yHkwpfyHkudk tao;pdwf select vkyf
123456789012345678
$649; upgrade $199
123456789012345678 a&G;cs,fjcif; vkyfief;pOfonf wpfcg Mac uGefysLwmESifh aqmif&Gufcsuf
123456789012345678 wpf&H cufcJonfudk MuHKzl;ygvdrfhrnf/ Mac uGefysLwm oHk;olrsm;twGuf
123456789012345678
ukrÜPD
123456789012345678
Adobe Systems (www.adobe.com)
rdrdwdkY\ tawGUtMuHKay: rlwnfjyD; Photoshop CS3 odYk tqifjh r§iahf y;jcif;

98 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f
REVIEW
onf toifah wmfq;kH jzpfonf/ tb,f wmwGio f m jzpfonf/ Power Mac G5 udk csdefnd§jcif; tools rsm;ESifh vkyfief;pOf
aMumifq h akd omf Mac Pro \ 2.66GHz uJo
h Ykd tifwv J t
f ajccH r[kwo
f nfh uGef rsm;twGuf image layers rsm;pGm yg0if
dual-core processor wGif CS3 onf ysLwmrsm;ES i f h Mac uG e f y sLwm onf/ topf wpfckjzpfonfh Auto-
taumif;qH;k tvkyf vkyEf ikd o f nf/ CS2 ta[mif;orm;wdkYtwGuf jyKjyifrGrf;rH Align Layers (command) onf a&G;
xuf ESpfqydkjyD; pGrf;&nfjyEdkifonf[k xm;onfh CS3 udk apmifharQmfaumif; cs,fxm;onfh layers rsm;udk wpfpkwpf
qd k E d k i f o nf / 50MB t&G , f t pm; apmifharQmf&ygvdrfhrnf/ a0;wnf; pDay;onf/ Layers rsm;udk
&dSaom yHkudk jyKjyifjc,fo&mwGif CS2 vdktyfovdk a&TUajymif;jcif; ponf jyK
xuf 39 &mcdkifEIef; ydkrdk jrefqefonf/ topfrsm;jzifh wdk;jr§ifhxm;jcif; vkyfay;Edkifonf/ Version trsKd;rsKd;rS
odYk &mwGif tifwv J t
f ajccH Mac uGeyf sL Photoshop CS3 wGif yHkrsm;pGmwdkY jyKvkycf sufrsm;udk aygif;pyfay;Edik of nf/

Photoshop CS3 Extended

Photoshop CS3 Extended wGif
Photoshop CS3 wGif oHk;onfh tools
rsm;tm;vHk; yg0ifonf/ onfhxuf ydk
onfrSm 3-D models, video, anima-
tion ESifh yHk&dyfwdkYudk wdkif;wm qef;ppf
ay;onfh vkyfief;&yfrsm;twGuf vkyf
aqmifcsuf tools topfpufpufrsm;
yg0ifxm;jcif; jzpfonf/ CS3 wGif
Adobe onf aqmhzf0JwpfckckrS csdwf
qufrI vkyif ef;pOftwGuf interface udk
taumif ; qH k ; taetxm;&atmif
jyKjyifay;xm;onf/ toHk;jyKol uGef
ysLwmorm;rsm;twGuv f nf; ydrk kd vG,f
ulap&ef zefwD;ay;xm;ygonf/
udk xnfhoGif;jcif;onf tvGef vG,ful Object Tool wdkY jzpfonf/ tjrif ESpf
3-D aygi;f pyfjc,forI vkyif ef;pOf onf[k qdkEdkifonf/ File menu rS rsKd;tjzpf jrifuGif;udk jcm;em;pGm Munhf
Photoship CS3 Extended onf Open (command) udk zGifhjyD; 3-D ob- Edik o
f nf/ Camera Tool onf uifr&m
OBJ, 3DS, U3D (Acrobat 3D), ject xm;onfh ae&mudk nTefay;jyD; a&G; ukd a&TUvsm;csdeaf eonft h vm;jzpfí 3D
KMZ (Google Earth), COLLADA cs,f&ef jzpfonf/ Photoshop layer jrifuiG ;f rsK;d toGif MunfEh ikd o
f nf/ txl;
(XML files) uJhodkY 3-D objects rsm; wGif ¤if; 3-D yHkpHonf tvdktavsmuf ojzifh vIyf&Sm;ysHoef;aeaom t&m0wåK
udk vufcH,ljcif;ESifh jc,fojcif;rsm;udk yGifhvmygrnf/ prf;oyfcsuft& 2GHz rsm;udk *&yfzpfyHk jc,fo&mwGif toHk;
jyKvkyfay;Edkifonf/ odkY&mwGif CAD MacBook Core 2 Duo wGif jrefqef jyKEdkifonf/ ½Icif;wpfckudk aemufcHjyK
(computer-aided design) odkY ajymif; pGm tvkyfvkyfonfudk awGU&ygonf/ jyD; vrf;avQmufaeonfh yHk? t&m0wåK
ay;Edkifonfh DWG format udkrl csef Photoshop CS3 Extended wGif wpfckckodkY &nfnTef;t&yfodkY a&TUvsm;
xm;jcif;tay: pOf;pm;&cufaeonf/ vkyaf qmifcsuf enf;vrf;ESpo
f ,G f yg0if aeonfyh kH ponfwYkdukd touf0ifatmif
zdkifwpfzdkifxJodkY 3-D object wpfck onf/ ¤if;wdkYrSm Camera Tool ESihf zefwD; xkwfvkyfEdkifonf/

100 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f

 Adobe CS3
tvTmwpfckcsif;udk xkwfEkwfí csdefnd§ aqmif&Gufcsuf yg&dSvmaomaMumifh jcdKufMuonf/ CS3 onf Photoshop
jcif;? jyifqifjcif; ponf aqmif&GufEdkif vkyfief;rsm; aqmif&Guf&mwGif ydkrdk version rsm;wGif taumif;qH;k [k qdE k ikd f
ygonf/ rvdktyfaom tvTm (layers) &Sif;vif; vG,fulvmapygonf/ onf/ yHkrsm;udk jyKjyifjcif; vkyfief;pOf
rsm;udk acwå azsmufxm;ay;jcif; twGuf tjynfph q kH ;kH aqmif&u
G cf sufrsm;
jzifh tjrifwGif &Sif;vif;um aps;0,f tMuHay;csuf &dSaejyD; *&yfzpf 'DZdkif;ynm&Sifrsm;
*&yfzpfyHk&dyfrsm;udk pdwf Photoshop CS3 pack- twGufomru "mwfyHk ynmonfrsm;
MudKuf rGrf;rHjc,foEdkif age ESihf wGz
J uf aqmhz0f J twGufvnf; r&dSrjzpf vdktyfonfh
onf/ Photoshop CS3 rsm;ud k 'pf * spf w ,f aqmhzf0J jzpfonf[k nTef;vdkygonf/
wGif Device Central yHk&dyform;wdkY txl;ESpf

Object Tool onf t&m wGif AD'D,dkzdkifrsm;udk xnfhoGif; Adou k m enf;ynm? aq;ESihf odyq HÜ ikd &f m
0w¬K yHk&dyfrsm;udk vSnfhay;Edkifonf/ Edkifonf/ ¤if;onf vG,fulaom vkyf 'D Z d k i f ; zef w D ; csuf r sm;? tif * sif e D , m
wpfenf;tm;jzifh jrifuGif;udk tbuf ief;pOfjzpfjyD; layer topfwpfck aygif; vkyif ef;oH;k *&yfzpf'ZD ikd ;f xkwv f yk rf rI sm;
bufrS vSnfhywfMunhf½IEdkifonfhtvm; xnfhvdkufjcif;om jzpfonf/ Movie ESifh ywfoufonfh aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;
jzpf onf/ oifonf 'DZikd ;f rGr;f rHcsurf sm; wpfcck u
k kd a&G;cs,vf u kd o
f nft h cg Lay- udk yxrqHk; xnfhoGif;xm;jcif;vnf;
yg0ifonfh 3-D yHk&dyfudk Photoshop ers panel wGif Video Layer wpfck
123456789012345678
jzpfonf/
Extended jzifh wnfaqmufjcif;tm; tjzpfjyay;ygvdrrhf nf/ ¤if;wGif aqmif 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
jzifh tjcm;aom aqmhzf0Jrsm;odkYvnf; &Gucf suf topfwpfcjk zpfonfh Anima- 123456789012345678
Photoshop CS3
123456789012345678
ydkYay;toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/ tion (Timeline) panel udk oHk;jyD; 123456789012345678
Extended
123456789012345678
frame rsm;udk csdefnd§ay;Edkifygonf/ 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
vkyfaqmifEdkifcsuf topftqef; xdkYtwl Photoshop Extended wGif 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
rsm;pGmjzifh DICOM (Digital Imaging and
123456789012345678
tm;omcsuf
jyD;cJhonfh Photoshop version 123456789012345678
Version topf wpfcktjzpf pGrf;&nf jynfh0
Communications in Medicine) for-
123456789012345678
rsm;wGif Vanishing Point vkyfaqmif mat udk xnfhEdkifonf/ jyefvnf xkwf 123456789012345678
pGm ay:xGufvmonfh tqifhjrifh toHk;cs
123456789012345678
csufonf 3-D planes rS 2-D images vkyfay;Edkifygonf/ DICOM file wGif 123456789012345678
aqmhzf0J jzpfonf/ Adobe \ rdom;pk0if
123456789012345678
aqmhzf0Jrsm;ESifh csdwfquf toHk;jyK&onfrSm
odkY ajymif;vJay;onfudk od&dSxm;jyD; CAT scans, ultrasounds, MRIs wdkYrS 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
aumif;rGefonf/ 3-D vkyfaqmifcsuf tyg
jzpf o nf / Photoshop CS2 wG i f yHk&dyfrsm; yg0ifygonf/ 123456789012345678
t0if Adokum? tif*sifeD,m? odyHÜESifh aq;
123456789012345678
planes rsm;udk 90 'D*&Dom vSnfhí & 123456789012345678
ynm&yfe,fy,foHk; *&yfzpf'DZdkif;rsm; xkwf
123456789012345678
vkyf&ef txl; jyKvkyfxm;onfh aqmhzf0J
onf/ ,ck Photoshop Extended aps;0,f tMuHay;csuf 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
jzpfonf/
wGif Angle Control slider udk oHk;jyD; Photoshop \ xkwfvkyfcJhaom
123456789012345678
axmifah ygif;pHok Ykd vSnahf y;Edik o
f nf/ ¤if; 123456789012345678
version tm;vHk;onf uGefysLwm *&yf
123456789012345678
tm;enf;csuf
wGif textures ESifh images rsm;udk zpf e,fy,fwGif r&dSrjzpf oHk;aeMu& 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
DWG format udk taxmuftul rjyKEdkif?
wpf c sd e f w nf ; rS m yif planes trsm; onfh aumif;rGefaom toHk;csaqmhzf0J 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
AD'D,dkzdkifukd oD;jcm; tvTm (layers) rsm;odkY
tjym;odkY wifay;Edkifygonf/ rsm; jzpfonfukd txl; &Si;f jy&ef rvdyk g/ 123456789012345678
xnf h&mwGif frames ta&twGuf uefY
123456789012345678
Photoshop Extended wGif yHkpH odkYjzpfí ,ck Photoshop CS3 Ex- 123456789012345678
owfrI &dSaeonf/
123456789012345678
wpfckck\ twdkif;twmtm; Measure tended onf v nf ; *&yf z pf ' D Z d k i f ; 123456789012345678
123456789012345678
aps;EIef;
Tool udk oHk;jyD; wdkif;xGmEdkifonf/ yHk vkyfief;rsm;udk t"du jyKvkyfaeolrsm; 123456789012345678
$999; upgrade $349
123456789012345678
wpfyHk\ rnfonfh tpdwftydkif;udk rqdk twGuf vdktyfrnfrSm trSefyif jzpf 123456789012345678
wdkif;Edkifygonf/ 123456789012345678
ukrÜPD
onf/ xl;jcm;onfrSm Adobe onf
123456789012345678
123456789012345678
Adobe Systems (www.adobe.com)
Adobe Photoshop Extended Photoshop CS3 Extended wG i f

{jyD? 2008 101

REVIEW

InDesign CS3
Adobe \ InDesign CS3 wGif Version rsm; tqifhqifh wdk;vm&mwGif dow xyfaeouJhodkY jzpfaewwfonf/
tqifh jr§ifhxm;jcif; rsm;pGm yg0ifvm pGrf;aqmifcsufrsm;udk wjznf;jznf;csif; ,cif palettes [k ac:MujyD; ,cktac:
onf/ aqmif&Gufcsuf topfrsm;vnf; wdk;jr§ifhxnhfoGif;vmonfudk awGU&yg panels udk t&G,f csKHUEdkifatmif jyKvkyf
yg0ifonf/ odkY&mwGif 'DZdkif;orm;rsm; onf/ xm;onf/ þodkYjzifh oifhtm; ae&m
u olwdkYtwGuf xl;xl;jcm;jcm; ryg[k ,ck CS3 wGif owdjyKrdonfrSm ydkrdk &apjcif;jzpfonf/ wdk;csJUxm;onfh
qdkMuygonf/ InDesign udk xkwfvkyf user interface jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf Control panel udk screen \ xdyfwGif
cJhonfrSm twefi,f MumjrifhcJhjyD; jzpf oif\ layouts rsm;twGuf screen jrifEdkifonf/
aomfvnf; Photoshop uJo h Ykd tm;xm; ae&m ydkay;xm;onf/ odkYjzpfí tcsKdU InDesign CS3 wGif 1024 x 768
&rnfh aqmhzf0J wpfck jzpfrvmao;yg/ t&mrsm;onf oif\ document win- pixel odkYr[kwf ¤if;xuf i,faom

Illustrator CS3 Adobe onf Illustrator CS3

wGif ta&;ygaom csdwq f ufaygif;pnf;
jcif; vkyfief;pOftcsKdUudk jznhfpGufjyK
vkyfxm;onf/ ta&;MuD;aom tcsuf
rsm;twGuf update vkyfay;xm;jyD;
point onf yHkMuD;csJUay;ygvdrfhrnf/ odkY Live Color uJhodkY ta&mifrsm;ESihf ywf
jzpfí jrifuGif;udk aumif;pGm ppfaq; oufaom jynhfpHkonfh vkyfaqmifcsuf
MunhfEdkifygrnf/ Illustrator CS3 \ topfrsm;udk xnfhay;xm;onf/
aqmif&Gufcsuf topftjzpf anchor-
point udk highlight jyKvkyaf y;jcif;onf Interface udk tqifhjri§ hjf cif;
yDjyifrI &dSonf/ xdkYtjyif Document Illustrator CS2 wGif rdwfquf
Profiles udkvnf; rdwfqufay;xm; yg0ifcJhonfh Control panel wGif op-
onf/ ¤if;onf document topf tions ESihf tools rsm; xyfrH jznfw
h if;ay;
wnfaqmuf&mwGif tultnD ay;xm; xm;onf/ t"duusaom tools rsm;udk
onf/ oHk;&mwGif ydkrdk jrefqefpGm csdwfquf
Adobe onf ukrÜPD\ xkwfukef Edkif&ef 'DZdkif;udk jyefvnfjyKjyifxm;
aqmhzf0Jrsm;&dS toolbox wGif aqmif&Guf onf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh vrf;aMumif;wpfck
csuftopftqef;rsm;udk tenf;i,fpD udk a&G;cs,fvdkufonfESifh Control
jznfhpGufay;aeusjzpfonf/ ,ck CS3 panel onf tjcm; qifwl a&G;cs,fp&m
wGif Eraser tool onf paint y½dk*&rf odkYr[kwf eD;pyfonfh a&G;cs,fp&m
ta&mifpyfay;onfh vkyfief;pOf
vkyfaqmifcsuf topfwpfckjzpfonfh
uJhodkY zsufay;Edkifonf/ topf wpfck tcsufrsm;udk jyay;jyD; tools rsm;udk
Color Guide udk oHk;Edkifonf/ jzpfonfh Crop Area tool onf yHkwpf pDpOfay;ygonf/
¤if;onf jyxm;aom ta&mifrsm;udk yHkudk jzwfawmuf&mwGif ydkrdk vG,fulap oifonf Direct Selection tool
tvdktavsmuf xkwfvkyfay;Edkifonf/ ygonf/ Illustrator files rsm;udk Flash udk anchor point wGif wifvdkufygu

102 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f

 Adobe CS3
screen wGif aumif;pGm tvkyf vkyfEdkif Change dialog box onf search and vdrrhf nf/ txl;ojzifh Bevel And Em-
&ef interface udk jyKjyifxm;onf/ odkY replace uJhodkY jzpfonf/ xdkodkY ajymif; boss and Inner Shadow aqmif
&mwGif t&G,ftpm; csKHUvdkufjcif;rsm; vJay;&mwGif ta&mif jznfhqnf;rIrsm;? &GufcsufwdkYonf Photoshop-style
&dSaeí oifhtm; tvkyf vkyf&mwGif t pmom;rsm;ESifh rsOf;vdkif; pkwfcsufrsm;yg jyKvkyfxm;aomaMumifh jzpfonf/ tqdk
enf;i,f tqifrajyjcif;rsm; jzpfEdkifyg jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ xdkYtwl glyph-ori- yg vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk aygif;pyf vkyf
onf/ ented pane dialog box onf topf udik Ef ikd o
f vd?k wpfcck si;f vnf; jyKvkyaf y;
wpfck jzpfjyD; symbols rsm;udk tvG,f Edkifonf/ odkY&mwGif basic transpar-
vufawGUusaom wdk;jr§ifhcsufrsm; tul xnfhay;Edkifonf/ 'DZdkif;orm; ency jyKvkyfcsufudkrl InDesign onf
InDesign CS3 ud k rsm;twG u f aqmif & G u f c suf aumif;pGm rjyKvkyf Edkifyg/
tao;pdwf twGif; us topf t qef ; rsm; xl ; xl ; Text Variables onf topf
us oHk;Munhfyg/ ESpf jcm;jcm;wd k ; rvm[k qd k wpfck jzpfí pmtkyfrsm;wGifcatalogs
oufzG,f aqmif&Guf aomfvnf; wdk;csJUxnfh jyKvkyfjcif;? pmrsufESmrsm;udk &SmazGjcif;
csufrsm;udk wdk;jr§ifh oGif;ay;xm;onfh spe- ponf jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ odkY&mwGif
xnfhxm;onfudk cial effects aqmif&Guf InDesign wGif cross-references jyK
awG U &ygrnf / Find/ csufudkawmh ESpfoufMuyg vkyfcsufudk r&ao;yg/ rnfokdYyif jzpf

1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
odkY wdkuf½dkuf ajymif;xnfh&mü copy Guide onf vdkufzufnDaom ta&mif
1234567890123456789
and paste udk oHk;Edkifonf/ Illustrator taoG;udk tvdt k avsmuf zefw;D ay;Edik f 1234567890123456789
Illustrator CS3
1234567890123456789
\ tcsKdUaom aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;udk onf/ tpyft[yfwnfhaom ta&mif 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
vnf; ajymif;xm;[ef &dSonf/ udk a&G;cs,fEdkifonf/ rdkEdkc½krf;? tem 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
tm;omcsuf
Illustrator CS3 onf aqmif&Guf avmhcf? oHk;a&mifjc,f ponf ta&mif 1234567890123456789
ta&miftwGuf aqmif&Gufcsuf topfrsm;
1234567890123456789
csuf topfrsm;udk xnfx h m;aomfvnf; taoG;udk azmfpyfEikd o
f nf/ Live Color 1234567890123456789
tvGef aumif;rGef? tultnD &aom tul;
1234567890123456789
tajymif; csdwfqufrIrsm; jzpfonf/ Con-
tcsKdUonf yDjyifrI r&dSao;yg/ Oyrm dialog box onf a&G;cs,fxm;aom 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
trol panel onf ydkí aumif;rGefvmonf/
tm;jzifh 3-D tools onf xl;xl;jcm;jcm; t&mrsm;\ tk y f p k t vd k u f ta&mif 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
ta&mifESifh ywfoufonfh aqmif&Gufcsuf
aqmif&Gufay;onfudk rawGU&yg/ taoG;udk jc,frIef;ay;Edkifygonf/ odkY
1234567890123456789
topfrsm;vnf; yg0ifí txl; aumif;rGef
&mwGif Illustrator \ tajccHjzpfonfh 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
onfudk awGU&onf/
Live Color aqmif&u
G fcsuf ta&mif aumuf,lrI vkyfief;pOfonf 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
Live Color onf vkyfaqmifcsuf tenf;i,f tqifrajy jzpfaeygao; 1234567890123456789
tm;enf;csuf
1234567890123456789
topfwpfckjzpfjyD; xif&Sm;aom jznfh onf/ 1234567890123456789
tajccH ta&mif aumuf,lrIonf tenf;
1234567890123456789
i,f aES;aeqJjzpfonf/ Version ta[mif;
qnf;ay;csufvnf; jzpfonf/ Color
1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
rS aqmif&GufcsuftcsKdUonf rajymif;rvJ
aps;0,f tMuHay;csuf 1234567890123456789
&dSaeonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh 3-D tools onf
1234567890123456789
Adobe Illustrator CS3 od k Y
1234567890123456789
pmrsufESm rsm;pGmudk zefwD; wnfaqmufEdkif
1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
upgrade vkyfay;&ef wdkufwGef;vdkyg jcif; r&dSao;onfudk awGU&onf/
onf/ Live Color aqmif&Gufcsuf 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
aps;EIef;
wpfcw k nf;jzifyh if oift
h wGuf tzd;k wef 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
$599; upgrade $199
aejyD[k qdkEdkifonf/ csdwfqufaygif; 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
ukrÜPD
ul;jcif; vkyfief;pOf ydkrdk aumif;rGefvm 1234567890123456789
Adobe Systems (www.adobe.com)

jyD; tjcm;aom aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;u

vnf; oifhtm; pdwfauseyfrI rsm;pGm
jzpfapygvdrfhrnf/

{jyD? 2008 103

REVIEW
bols rsm;udk toHk;jyKjcif;? Auto cor-
rect aqmif&Gufcsuf? multi-column
text frames jyKvkyfcsuf? Attributes
and Story, Type tool ESifh double hy-
phens ponfwdkYonf layout aqmif
&Gufcsufrsm;twGuf rsm;pGm tm;om
csufrsm;vnf; jzpfonf/

aps;0,f tMuHay;csuf
InDesign CS3 wGif tm;enf;
csuf tcsKdU&dSaeaomfvnf; pGrf;&nfjynfh
aom toH k ; cs aqmh z f 0 J w pf c k t jzpf
owfrSwfEdkifonf/ Version topf
tjzpf jznfhqnf;csuf trsm;tjym; yg
0ifaeonf/ oifhtaeESifh CS3 udk
wdk;jr§ifh oHk;EdkifaMumif; &nfnTef;vdkyg
ap zdkiftrnfxnfhjcif;? aeYpGJxnfh jcif;? csufESifh txl;jyKvkyfcsufrsm; yg0if onf/
pmyd'k rf sm;udk cGjJ cm;xnfjh cif;? heads and onf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh OpenType onf 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
footers rsm;xnfhjcif; ponf vkyf bmomjcm; pmayrsm; twGuf ajymif;vJ 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
InDesign CS3
aqmifcsufrsm;u ydkrdk aumif;rGefvm oHk;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ Table ESifh cell 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
onfukd awGU&ygonf/ xdYk tjyif tjcm; styles onfvnf; vG,fulaom vkyf 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
InDesign documents rsm;udk import aqmifcsuf jzpfonf/ Styles tkyfpkrS 1234567890123456789
tm;omcsuf
1234567890123456789
jyKvkyfjyD; layout wpfckodkY aygif;pyf oift h m; ½Iyaf xG;aom styles yHpk H trsm;
1234567890123456789
Adobe InDesign CS3 wGif Photoshop
xnfhoGif;&mwGif vG,fuljyD; ¤if;onf tjym;ud k document wpf c k t wG i f ; 1234567890123456789
style tcsKdUudk ,lxm;onf/ vkyfaqmifcsuf
1234567890123456789
r*¾Zif;orm;rsm;twGuf txl; aumif; xnfo h iG ;f &mwGiu f n l yD gvdrrhf nf/ tcsKdU 1234567890123456789
ta[mif;rsm;udkvnf; ydkí aumif;rGefatmif
1234567890123456789
jyKjyifxm;onf/ ajymif;vJrI tenf;i,f
rGefaom vkyfaqmifcsuf jzpfonf/ aom aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;onf omref 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
om jzpfaomfvnf; tm;omaom ajymif;vJ
tqdkyg r*¾Zif; layout twGif; jyKjyif uGeyf sLwmorm;rsm; twGuf vG,u f pl mG 1234567890123456789
rIrsm; jzpfonf/ Search and replace onf
1234567890123456789
jcif;? 'DZikd ;f topf rsm; wnfaqmufjcif; oHk;Edkifonfudk awGU &onf/ odkY&mwGif 1234567890123456789
aumif;pGm tultnD jyKay;onfudk awGU&
1234567890123456789
ponf aqmif &GufEdkifonf/ notes rsm;udk 'DZi kd ;f jyKvkyjf yD;onfh ae&m 1234567890123456789
ygonf/ tqifhjr§ifhjcif; vkyfief;pOfvnf;
1234567890123456789
tqifajypGm aqmif&GufEdkifygonf/
InDesign CS3 onf XHTML wGif xnfhjcif; ESifh notes rsm;udk PDF 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
format udk xkwfay;Edkifonf/ tqdkyg tjzpf ajymif ; jcif ; rsm;onf tqif
1234567890123456789
tm;enf;csuf
aqmif&u G cf sufrsKd;udk XPress wGif &Edik f rajyao;onfudk awGU&onf/ 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
tcsdwftquf ul;ajymif;rI Interface onf
aomfvnf; InDesign \ aqmif&Guf 1234567890123456789
tenf;i,f ½IyfaxG;ae[ef jzpfonf/ rSwfpk
1234567890123456789
csufu ydkrdk aumif;rGefonfudk awGU&yg tqifrajycsuf tenf;i,f 1234567890123456789
rsm;udk t&mwpfckckodkY wif&mwGif pmom;
1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
oufouf wif&onfxuf cufcJaeonf/
onf/ Dreamweaver uJhodkY 'DZdkif; jyK uGefysLwm vkyfief;rsm;wGif ,aeY
1234567890123456789
txl;jyKvkyfcsufrsm;udk wif&onfrSmvnf;
vkycf sufrsm;udv k nf; taxmuftul jyK wdkif rnfonfh aqmhzf0Jvkyfaqmifcsuf 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
tqifrajyao;yg/
ay;Edkifygonf/ rQ auseyfz, G f jyD;jynfph o kH nf[k r&daS o; 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
yg/ odkYaomfvnf; Adobe onf ol\ 1234567890123456789
aps;EIef;
1234567890123456789
$699; upgrade $199
jznfhqnf;csufrsm; InDesign wGif aqmif&GufEdkifcsufrsm;
1234567890123456789
InDesign CS3 \ jznfhqnf;ay; udk tjzpfEikd q
f ;kH jynfph akH tmif zefw;D ay; 1234567890123456789
1234567890123456789
ukrÜPD
csuf r sm;wG i f tEk p d w f vk y f a qmif xm;onf/ txl;ojzifh special sym- 1234567890123456789
Adobe Systems (www.adobe.com)

104 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f

 Adobe CS3

Acrobat 8 Professional
tifwmeufwGif PDF zdkifrsm;u
ae&mtrsm;tjym; ,lxm;Muonf/ ¤if;
PDF (Portable Document Format)
udk xkwv
f yk af y;aeonfh Acrobat onf
xkwfukefopftjzpf Acrobat 8 Pro-
fessional udk atmifyc
JG H jzefYcsdcjhJ cif; jzpf
onf/ Acrobat onf ol\ xkwfukef
wpfckcsif;udk 'DZdkif;topfrsm;jzifh rMum
cP version jr§ifhay;aejcif;vnf; jzpf
onf/ ,ck Acrobat version topf
wGif reader omru tjcm;aom 'pf*spf
w,fvkyfief;rsm; pHkvifpGm yg0ifonf/
toH;k jyKolrsm;twGuf wpfcw k nf;aom
a&G;cs,fp&m[k nTef;xm;onf/ toHk; xnf h o G i f ; ay;Ed k i f o nf / Shared qufay;&ygrnf/ tb,faMumifhqdk
jyK&ef vG,uf jl yD; jrefqefonfukd awGU& Reviews vkyfaqmifcsufonf tzGJU0if aom OS X \ Personal File
ygonf/ rsm;twGuf tcsuftvufrsm; zvS,f Sharing udk Acrobat 8 Pro u axmuf
&m A[dkcsuf jzpfonf/ (Helper) ulnD ulrI rjyKEdkifaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
qef;opfrIrsm; rI vkyfief;pOfuvnf; aqmif&GufEdkif Windows twGuf Acrobat 8
Acrobat 8 Pro wGif aqmif&Guf csuf topfrsm;twGuf axmufulrI onf tjynfht0 tvkyfvkyfEdkifonfudk
Edkifcsuf topftqef;rsm; yg0ifvmyg ay;ygvdrfhrnf/ tqifhjr§ifhjcif;twGuf awGU&onf/ ¤if;onf Adobe Flash,
onf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh vkyfaqmifcsuf vnf; yg0ifulnDay;ygrnf/ Windows Media, RealMedia,
onf zdkifrsm;pGmudk vG,fulpGm pkpnf; QuickTime files in a PDF docu-
ay;jyD; PDF document wpfct k jzpf zef Mac version twGuf aemufus ment ponfwdkYjzifh vG,fulpGm aygif;
wD; jyKvkyfay;onf/ xdkYtwl ¤if;wdkYudk useaf ejcif; pnf; csdwfquf aqmif&GufEdkifonf/
PDF package wpfct k jzpf wpfpw k a0; Mac uGey f sLwmorm;rsm;taeESihf Mac version twGuf uefYowfcsuf
wnf; xnfhay;xm;onf/ PDF pac- shared review udk oHk;Edkifaomfvnf; rsm; &dSaeonfudk awGU&ygonf/
kage onf documents rsKd ; pH k u d k tm;enf;csuf &dSaeonf/ Acrobat 8 PDF forms rsm;udk jyifqifjcif;?
xnfhxm;onf uGefwdefembl;wpfck[k onf Mac wGif shared review wnf xkwfvkyfjcif; ponf vkyfief;pOfrsm;
wifpm;Edkifonf/ vHkjcHKrItwGuf tum aqmuf& tqifrajyyg/ ¤if;tpm; onf ,ck version wGif ydkrdk aumif;rGef
tuG,fpepfrsm; &dSaom ae&mvnf; WebDAV server wGif wnfaqmufEi kd f vmonf / Acrobat 8 onf scan
jzpfonf/ onf/ odkYr[kwf Adobe \ Version- zrf;,lxm;aom documents udkvnf;
,ck Acrobat version topfwiG f Cue CS3 wGif aqmif&GufEdkifonf/ tvkyf vkyfay;Edkifonf/ Form yHkpH
bmrQ r&dSaom blank page wpfckudk rnfodkYyifjzpfap Mac wGif network trsKd ; rsKd ; ud k aygif ; pnf ; ay;jcif ; ?
wnf a qmuf j yD ; aqmh z f 0 J r S w pf q if h folder wpfck wnfaqmuf&ef Win- tcsuftvufrsm;udk jznfhwif;ay;jcif;?
tools rsm;udk toHk;jyKum pmom;rsm; dows File Sharing udk yxrqHk; csdwf rvdktyfonfh tcsuftvufrsm;udk

{jyD? 2008 105

REVIEW
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 wpfckwGif digital sign tjzpf tum
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
Acrobat 8 Professional
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 tuG,fjyKay;Edkifygonf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
tm;omcsuf vHkjcHKrItwGuf tumtuG,f pepf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
PDF packages wnf a qmuf r I E S i f h csd w f quf r I jref q ef ? tvk y f r sm;onf h uG e f y sLwm Acrobat 8 Pro wGif zdkif\ rl&if;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
orm;rsm;twGuf yl;wGJaqmif&Guf&onf vkyfief;rsm;wGif ykdrdk vG,fulap? Forms yHkpHrsm;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 tcsuftvufrsm;udk aphaphpyfpyf ppf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
zGJUpnf;wnfaqmufjcif; ydkrdk aumif; rGefjyD; oHk;& vG,fulonf/ Redaction tools rsm;udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
rd w f q uf xnh f o G i f ; ay;xm;onf / ¤if ; wG i f preflight profiles rsm; yg0if j yD ;
aq;ay;rnfh tools rsm; rdwfquf yg0if
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 onf/ Mark for Redaction odYk r[kwf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
toH k;jyKolrsm;twGuf vG,fulrI &dSonf/ Forms yHkpHtrsKd;rsKd;udk wnfaqmufjcif;? ydkí
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 Search and Redact (command) udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
aumif;atmif jyKvkyfjcif;ESifh jzefUcsdjcif; twGuf tools rsm; zefwDay;xm;ygonf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 oH;k jcif;jzifh rnfonfh tcsut f vufrsm;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
tm;enf;csuf onf oif\ ud, k yf ikd f jzpfonfukd owf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
Personal File Sharing twGufShared Reviews taxmuftuljyKrIwGif tm;enf;? Mac ver- rSwfay;Edkifonf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
sion twGuf multimedia ydkif;ü axmufuljyK&mwGif uefYowfrIrsm; &dSae onf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
aps;EIef; $449; upgrade $159 aps;0,f tMuHay;csuf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
1234567890123456789012345678901212345 Acrobat 8 Professional onf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345
ukrP Ü D Adobe Systems (www.adobe.com)
uGeyf sLwme,fy,ftwGuf MuD;rm;aom
jznfhpGufay;rI wpf&yf jzpfonf/ ¤if;
z,fxkwfay;jcif;? spreadsheet tjzpf ay;xm;&mü Adobe Reader vnf; wGif aqmif&GufEdkifcsufrsm;udk wpfpk w
zefwD;ay;jcif;ESifh form yHkpHrsm;udk tvdk tygt0ifjzpfonf/ ¤if;onf PDF file a0;wnf; pkpnf;xkwv f yk af y;vdu
k o
f nfh
tavsmuf xkwfvkyfay;jcif; ponf rsm;udk aumif;pGm zGifhEdkifjyD; PDF zdkif Adobe \ apwemvnf; jzpfonf/
vkyif ef;pOfrsm;pGmudk jyKvkyaf y;Edik o
f nf/ tjzpf wnfaqmufEdkifonf/ Form yHkpH uGeyf sLwmorm;rsm;twGuf aqmifxm;
Acrobat 8 Professional wGif wGif tcsuftvufrsm;udk jznfhay;jyD; &rnfh aqmhzf0J jzpfonf/
aqmif&GufEdkifcsuf rsm;pGmudk xnfhoGif; odrf;qnf;xm;Edkifonf/ Document Ref: Mac World, July 2007.

xl;ayhqef;ayh armufpfrsm;
wpfOD;csif;oHk; uGefysLwmrsm;wGif armufpfudk oHk;aeMuonfrSm ESpftwef MumcJh jzpfonf/ PC uwfwpfck[k qdkEdkif
jyD; jzpfaomfvnf; armufpftrsKd;tpm;rsm;udk xl;xl;jcm;jcm; wDxGif ajymif;vJjcif; onf/ wefzdk;u a':vm 50 ausmfrQ
r&dScJhyg/ 1985 ckESpfcefYu Versatron Corp. rS ajcaxmufjzifh oH;k Edik o f nfh armufpf &dSonf/
(foot mouse) udk wDxi G cf zhJ ;l onf/ Fentek Industries Inc. rS hands-free mouse
udk xkwfvkyfcJhonf/ 10_4 vufr t&G,f ajceif;jym; wpfcktoGifjzpfonf/ 5
rDvDrDwm txd yg;vTmaom armufpfrsm;? Sony \ VN-CX1 ESifh MicroNav
armufpftrsKd;tpm;rsm;udkvnf; xkwfvkyfcJhonf/ 2006 ckESpfu udk&D;,m;
ukrÜPDwpfckrS xkwfvkyfcJhonhf 2P slim laptop mouse onf 9.4_5.3_0.5
pifwDrDwmom &dSjyD 43 *&rf av;onf/ odkY&mwGif txufyg armufpfi,frsm;onf
aps;uGufwGif xifxif&Sm;&Sm; r&dScJhMuyg/ trsm;oHk;aeMuonfh armufpfrsm;u
<uufi,fav; wpfaumif\ t&G,f0ef;usifwGifom &dSaeqJ jzpfonf/
,ck Newton Peripherals (www.newtonperipherals.com) rS MoGo
Mouse BT trnfjzifh armufpfjym;jym;av;udk xkwfvkyfxm;onf/ c&D;aqmif
o,f,loGm;&mwGif 0efrus,fbJ notebook xJwGif xnfhoGif;odrf;xm;Edkifí

106 uGeyf sLwm*sme,f

 jrefrmuGefysLwmowif;ESifhrSwfpk
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
jrefrmuGeyf sLwmowif;ESirhf w
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
S pf k
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345
vkyfief;cGif tcuftcJrsm;udk pOfquf
rjywf qufo, G íf ajz&Si;f ay;aeonf/
Video editing udk topf pwifvy ku
f ikd f
rnfh oifwef;om;rsm;twGuf vdktyf
aom pufypönf;rsm; 0,f,ljcif;? vkyf
ief;wGif toHk;csrnfh tcsuftvufrsm;
(sound effect, ready made transti-
tions, motion graphic) rsm;udk tcrJh
0efaqmifrIay;jyD; ulnDay;ygonf/
jrefrm rD',
D me,fy,ftwGuf oifwef;wGif oifwef;om; wpfOD;
vQif uGefysLwm wpfvHk;pDjzifh oifMum;
oufwhaH &mifpkH wpfpif; jcif;? wnf;jzwfcef;udk wGJxm;í vuf
,aeY rD'D,me,fy,fwGif video Adobe Premiere Pro aqmhzf0Jjzifh awGU avhvmEdik jf cif;wdYk aMumifh oifwef;
editing enf;ynmonf rjzpfrae oif t"duxm; oifMum;ay;aeygonf/ xdkY jyD;qH;k ygu AD',
D wkd nf;jzwf vkyif ef;cGif
,laeMu&onfh bmom&yf wpfck jzpf tjyif Adobe Photoshop, Plug-in, wGif tajccHusus uRrf;usifydkifEdkifpGm
onf/ odYk &mwGif tqdyk g bmom&yfrsm; Transistions, effect rsm;pGmESifh csdwf vkyfudkifEdkifrnf[k qdkxm;ygonf/
udk pmawGU vufawGU oifMum;ay;Edkif quf toHk;jyKyHkudkvnf; ,SOfwGJ jyo tao;pdwf pHpk rf;vdyk gu zke;f eHygwf
onfh oifwef;rsm;onf vufcsKd; a& ay;ygonf/ Exporting tydik ;f ü VCD/ 09-5161715? 09-5060986 odkY
wGuEf ikd af vmufatmif enf;yg;aeonf/ DVD rsm;udk t&nftaoG; taumif; qufoG,f ar;jref;Edkifygonf/
Rainbow Motion Media House u qHk;&ap&ef rnfuJhodkY vkyfaqmif&rnf
¤if;tm;enf;csuu f kd jznfq
h nf;ay;aeyg udk tajccHusus oifMum;ay;aeaom
onf/ Rainbow onf jrefrmtrnf oifwef;vnf; jzpfonf/
tm;jzifh ]]AD'D,dk wnf;jzwfESifh ½kyfoH 2D animation udk pdw0 f ifpm;olrsm; vdypf majymif;
zefwD;rI uRrf;usifoifwef;}} jzpfjyD; twGuf level-3 tjzpf cGJjcm;owfrSwf Neo Tech Computer Store onf
wdkuf (18)? tcef; (8)? qifa&wGif; um 2D special effect, Basic 2D car- ,cktcg Neo Tech Digital Village
(1) vrf;? vSnf;wef;? urm&GwfjrdKUe,f toon animation rsm;udk oifMum;ay;yg trnfopfjzifh enf;ynmopf? 0efaqmif
wGif wnf&dSonf/ ¤if;wGif video ed- onf/ Special effect rsm; jyKvkyf&ef rItopfrsm;udk ay;Edkif&ef ae&mopfjzpf
iting ES i f h ywf o uf í editing \ Chroma Technology udk oifMum;ay; onfh trSwf (133)? ajrnDxyf? qdyf
t"du tcsufrsm;jzpfonfh capturing, onf/ 3D Studio MAX udk level-3 urf;om (atmufvrf;)? ausmufww H m;
editing, exporting tydkif; 3 ydkif;udk tjzpf oifay;onf/ txl;ojzifh 3D jrdKUe,fodkY ajymif;a&TUzGifhvSpfjyD; jzpfyg
pmawGUvufawGU oifMum;ay;aeonf/ animation bmom&yfudk t"duxm;í onf/ zkef;eHygwf 391690? 710752?
Capturing tydkif;ü media device rsKd; oifMum;ay;aeygonf/ 095042588 odkY qufoG,f pHkprf; ar;
pHkrS zrf;,ljcif;rsm;udk vufawGU jyo xdkYtjyif oifwef;ausmif;rS wuf jref;Edkifygonf/
oifMum;ay;rnfjzpfjyD; editing tydik ;f ü a&mufjyD;olrsm;udk enf;ynmtcuftcJ?

{jyD? 2008 107

jrefrmuGefysLwmowif;ESifhrSwfpk

Myanmar eBook \
ig;ESpjf ynfh tcrf;tem;
Forever Group Co., Ltd \
Myanmar eBook vkyi
f ef;pwifco
hJ nfh
ig;ESpjf ynfah jrmuf tcrf;tem;udk 2008
ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 29 &ufu tjynf
jynfqdkif&m pD;yGm;a&; vkyfief; A[dkXme
(IBC) ajcmufrdkifcGJ? jynfvrf;ü usif;y
jyKvkycf yhJ gonf/ tqdyk g tcrf;tem;odYk
pma&;q&mMuD ; rsm;? pme,f Z if ; rS
wm0ef&dSolrsm;ESifh pmayESifh *sme,f
orm;rsm; wufa&mufcJhMuygonf/
uGeyf sLwmESihf rD',
D me,fy,ftwGuf ,cktcg tifwmeufwGif eBook rsm;
ra&rwGufEdkifavmufatmif &dSxm;jyD;
tm;xm;&rnfo h ifwef;opfrsm; jzpfonf/ eBook xkwfvkyfrItwGuf
jrefrmEdkifiHtaeESifhvnf; aemufus
YOUTH Computer Co., Ltd. \ wpfckvnf;jzpfonf/ ¤if;udk ,ckESpf
rusef&pfatmif MudK;pm;aqmif&Guf
oifwef; ajymif;a&TUzGifhvSpfjcif;ESifh DJ aEG&moDoifwef;tjzpf zGifhvSpf oif
&mwGif www.foreverspace.com.mm
oifwef;? Music & Audio oifwef; Mum;rnf[k od&ygonf/ ]]aw;a&;
vnf; tygt0ifjzpfonf/ 2003 ckESpf
topfrsm;? YOUTH rS xkwfa0aom q&m jzpfzYkdxuf tEkynm ESv;kH om;jzifh
{jyDv 22 &ufu pwif xkwv f iT chf o
hJ nfh
uGeyf sLwmpmtkyrf sm;taMumif;? Studio avmuudk tvSqifzdkYyg}} [k *Dwynm
Forever Group Co. Ltd \Myanmar
ESifh tjcm; 0efaqmifrIrsm;twGuf &Sif; &yfrsm;udk 6 ESpfwmrQ vrf;cif;ay;cJhol
eBook vkyfief;onf atmifjrifaom
vif;owif;ay;yGu J kd 2008 ckEpS ?f azazmf q&m OD;aZmfvif;u qdkygonf/
taetxm;wGif &dSaejyD; jzpfygonf/
0g&Dv 28 &uf Mumoyaw;aeYu Music & Audio oifwef;rsm;wGif
trSwf 11-A? yef;qdk;wef; Office Digital Audio & Sound Effect,
wm0g? yef;qdk;wef;tv,f bavmuf Electro Music (Hip Hop Dance),
(J Donuts teD;) taqmuftODwGif Electro Music +DJ, Music Produc-
usif;ycJhygonf/ tion, Audio Editing, Vedio Dub-
YOUTH Computer onf 1997 bing, Audio Recording ponf vdypf majymif;
ckESpfuwnf;u uGefysLwm oifwef; bmom&yfrsm;udk oifMum;rnfjzpf&m Life Mark Computer Centre
rsm;udk pwifzGifhvSpfoifMum;cJhjyD; xl; aw;*Dwqdkif&m tEkynmbmom&yf onf ,cktcg trSwf 221? ajrnDxyf?
cRefoifwef;rsm;pGm arG;xkwfcJhjyD; jzpf rsm;udk wpfae&mwnf;ü oif,El ikd o
f nfh qdyfurf;om (tv,fvrf;) ausmuf
onf/ ¤if; 10 ESpfausmf oifMum;ydkYcsrI oifwef;rsm;vnf; jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif wHwm;jrdKUe,fodkY ajymif;a&TUzGifhvSpfrnf
tawGUtMuHKrsm;jzifh ,cktcg Win- studio cef;udkvnf; yl;wGJwnfaqmuf jzpfaMumif; aMunmxm;onf/ ¤if;wGif
dows XP, Office, PageMaker ponf xm;aomaMumifh oifwef;om;rsm;tae uGeyf sLwmESihf qufpyfypön;f rsK;d pHk a&mif;
yHkrSefuGefysLwmoifwef;rsm;tjyif Mu- ESifh pmawGUomru vufawGUvnf; csjcif;? oifwef; ydYk csjcif;? pmpD pm½du k f
sic & Audio oifwef; topfrsm;udk oif,lEdkifMuygrnf/ ESifh 'DZdkif;? rdwåLvkyfief;rsm;udk wGJzuf
wdk;csJUzGifhvSpfjcif; jzpfonf/ Music tao;pdwf odvdkonfrsm;udk zkef; aqmif&Gufay;aeaMumif; od&ygonf/
tajccHudk uGefysLwmtv,fwef;tjzpf 254893? 095003596 odkY qufoG,f w,fvzD ek ;f 391691? 095041965 odYk
pwifoifMum;ay;jcif;jzpfí xl;jcm;rI pHkprf; ar;jref;Edkifygonf/ qufoG,f pHkprf; ar;jref;Edkifygonf/

108
 jrefrmuGefysLwmowif;ESifhrSwfpk

ASUS \ V2S notebook

tvkyf udpöESifh c&D; xGuf&avh&dS ae&mwdkif;rS tifwmeuf oHk;jcif;? tD;
onfh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;? pD;yGm;a&;orm; ar;vf zwfjcif;? attachment zdkifrsm;udk
rsm;twGuf vdktyfcsufudk ASUS \ &,ljcif;ESihf jrefEeI ;f jrifh virtual private
V2S notebook u jznfq h nf;ay;vdu
k f network udk oHk;jyD; corporate net-
ygonf/ Intel \ Active Manage- work rsm;udk V2S notebook jzif h
ment (Intel AMT) enf;ynm yg0if oHk;Edkifygrnf/
xm;jyD; jrefEIef;jrifh tifwmeuftjyif V2S wGif tqifhjrifh vHkjcHKa&;pepf ligence enf;ynmu jydKifbuf uif;
pGJrufzG,f 'DZdkif;jzifh wefqm qifxm; wyfqifxm;onf/ vufaAG&m ppfaq; onfh AD'D,dk ½kyfxGufudk ay;Edkifonf/
ygonf/ onfh pepfvnf; yg0ifygonf/ vsif oD;jcm; *&yfzpf y½dkqufqmu V2S
V2S wGif yg0ifonfh High Speed jrefpGm wyfEdkif? jzKwfEdkifonfh docking udk tvG,w f ul o,fomG ;Edik o f nfh *dr;f
Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) station vnf; ay;xm;ygonf/ MudK;rJh puftjzpf toGifajymif;ay;ygOD;rnf/
MudK;rJh broadband tpGr;f ESihf uGeyf sLwm video conferencing udk vG,fulpGm ASUS \ xkwu f ek rf sm;twGuf tao;
udk rdkbdkif;vfzkef; csdwf&efrvdkbJ W- oH;k Edik jf yD; 240 'D*&D vSnEhf ikd o
f nfh web- pdwf odvdkygu Golden Power Tech-
CDMA uGe& f ufxuf 10 q ydjk refonfh cam vnf; yg&dSonf/ V2S wGif rmvf nology trSwf (4)? 13 vrf; (atmuf)?
download speed udk &Edkifygrnf/ wDrD'D,m vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;pGm yg0if vrf;rawmfjrdKUe,f? &efukefjrdKU/ zkef;?
odkYjzpfí 3G rdkbdkif;vfzkef; oHk;Edkifonfh jyD; ASUS \ Splendid Video Intel- 226664 odYk qufo, G pf pkH rf;Edik yf gonf/

EPSON \ xkwfukefopf rdwfqufyGJ

Epson New Product Launch Co., Ltd u pDpOf usif;yjcif;jzpfjyD; 5500, EPSON Stylus CX7300,
2008 ESihf pyfvsO;f onfh o½kyjf y&Si;f vif; tcrf;tem;wGif refae*sif;'g½dkufwm EPSON Stylus CX8300, EPSON
yGJudk 2008 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 28 &uf Mr. Francis Au Seng Huat ES i f h Stylus CX9300F, EPSON Stylus
u '*Hjk rdKUe,f tvHjybk&m;vrf;&dS Park 'g½dkufwm OD;atmifausmfrdk;wdkYu EIwf Photo R290, EPSON Stylus Photo
Royal Hotel, Ballroom wGif usif;y cGef;qufpum; ajymMum;um xkwfukef RX690, EPSON Stylus Photo
jyKvkycf yhJ gonf/ tqdyk g tcrf;tem;udk opfrsm;udk &Sif;vif; o½kyfjyocJhonf/ RX610 ESihf EPSON 3LCD Projector
Client Focus Technology Group Epson \ xkwfukefopfrsm;rSm wdkY jzpfMuygonf/ EPSON onf
Laser Printer Quality twdkif; y&ifh umvma&mifpkH y&ifwmrsm;ESihf ywfouf
xkwf,lEdkifjyD; tqifhrD "mwfyHkrsm;udk vQif emrnfaumif; &xm;onfh ukrÜPD
xkwv f yk af y;Edik o
f nf/ Print, scan vnf; jzpfonf/
ESifh copy vkyfief;pOf oHk;rsKd; Epson \ xkwfukefrsm;ESifh ywf
toH k ; jyKEd k i f o nf h All in one oufí avhvm od&dSvdkygu IT/OA
printer rsm; yg0ifygonf/ ,ck Show Room and Service Center II
rd w f q uf v d k u f o nf h trS w f (130)? qd y f u rf ; omvrf ; ?
xk w f u k e f o pf r sm;rS m ausmufwHwm;jrdKUe,f? &efukefjrdKU/ zkef;
EPSON Stylus C110, 249344? 249345 odkY qufoG,fpHkprf;
EPSON Stylus CX- Edkifygonf/

{jyD? 2008 109

uGefysLwmowif;ESifhrSwfpk

INTERNATIONAL NEWS

EkdifiHwumuGefysLwmowif;ESifh rSwfpk
yifw*Gefu Google map makers rsm;udk ydwfyifwm; qD;

US tajcpkduf
pcef ; twG i f ; 0if
a&mufí "mwfykH ½du k f
tao;pdwaf vhvmrI
rsm; rjyKvkyf&ef US
umuG,fa&;Xmeu
tifwmeuf search
engine bk & if M uD ;
Google ud k uef Y
owf wm; jrpf vkduf
w,f/ ppfa'oawG&JU ajr 'D*&DywfvnfjrifuiG ;f rsm;
jyifjrifuGif; teD;uyf ½kyfyHk yg&SdaeaMumif; umuG,f
awG[m vHk jcHK a&; twGuf a&; Xmeu ajymw,f/
jcdrf;ajcmufrI tvm;tvm Google [m Street
jzpfEidk w
f ,fvYkd qdw k ,f/ Te- View jrifui G ;f awG&atmif
xas tajcpkdufpcef;&JU oHk; armfawmf,mOftay:uifr&m jzpf&yfrsm; Oct 2007
zufoHk;wef jrifuGif;us,f wyfjyD; 360 'D*&DvSnfhí Mar 2008 Al-Aqsa Martyo [m
½IarQmfcif; tao;pdwf ½kyfyHk ½dkufw,f/ ,ckjzpfoGm;wJh yif w *G e f r S Google tpöa&;udk a&mhuufESifh ypfzdkY
awG tGefvkdif;ay:rSm azmf udpörSm xdk,mOf&JUoabmudk ajryHka&;qGJolrsm; ppftajc GE oHk;jyD; MuHpnfcJh[kqdk/
xkwfawGY&Sd&mrS ,ckuJhodkY rodwJh ppfXmerS cGifhjyKcsuf pkduf pcef;twGif; "mwfyHk
wm;jrpfrI jyKvdkufwmjzpf &oGm;jyD; tGev f idk ;f ay:a&muf ½dkufjcif;rS wm;jrpf/ July 2007
w,f/ ½kyfyHkawGrSm vTrf;jcHK vmwmjzpfw,f/ xdktjzpf w½k w f \ Jin trsKd ;
xm;aom e,f a jrtwG i f ; tysufudk Mum;odjyD;aemuf Feb 2008 tpm; EsLuvD;,m; a&ikyf
xdef;csKyfa&;yGdKifh? t&Htwm; xdk½kyfyHkrsm;tm; vsifjrefpGm [D;o½d;k avqdyf csUJ xGif oabFmudk qdyu f rf;wGif GE
rsm;? Xm e csKyf ½Hk; rsm;? z,f&Sm;cJhw,fvdkY Google rI uefYuGufolrsm; acgifrdk; user wpfcku &SmazGawGY&SdcJh/
taqmufttHkeJY tyef;ajz ajyma&;qdkcGifh&Sdolu qdkyg ay:qE´jy&efGoogle Earth
pka0;&m ae&mawG&JU 360 w,f/ (GE) oHk;jyD; pDrHcJh/

110 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmowif;ESirhf w
S pf k

iPhone Programmers awGukd tm;ay;cs;D jri

§ haf y; r,fh Apple

Apple jyify software qG J c svd k Y &r,f / Coder

developer awGu iPhone tavmif;tvsmawGtaeeJY
tay: y½d*k &rfawG zefw;D Ekid f vnf; ¤if;udk native apps
zdYk pDrzH iG chf say;jcif;tm;jzifh qGJ awG pwifa&;om;Ekdifr,f/
aqmifrI csJUxGifzdkY&m Steve iPhone users awG q D u d k
Jobs rS arQmf v if h v suf & S d awmh Apps Store vdkYac:wJh
w,f/ qkdifawGay:ra&muf 0efaqmifrt I opfuyJ o;D oefY
cifuwnf;u iPhone eJY jzefYa0ay;Ekdifr,f/ Third-
ywfoufvdkY tapmqHk;aom party y½d k * &rf a wG t wG u f iTunes framework twGi;f Macintosh jzifh r&EkdifcJh
rausreyf ajymqdkoHawG &SdcJh Apple rSyJ yifwkdif jzefYa0ol jyKvkyfEkdifwmyJ jzpfw,f/ aomt&mjzpfygw,f/ vkyf
w,f/ Native application jyKvkyjf cif;[m npfnrf;½kyyf kH 'gayr,fh pdwf0ifpm;p&m ief;ykdif;qkdif&m business
awGeJY xyfwlnDrQaom pGrf; qkdif&m pornography apps MudK;yrf;rIwpfcak wmh &Sw d ,f/ communication rSmvnf;
aqmif&nfawG ray;EkdifwJh awG ydwyf ifzYkd eYJ &Ekid o f rQ y½dk aumfydk&dwf azmufonfawG Research In Motion u
web -based applications *&rfawGtm;vH;k iPhone ay: qGJaqmifzdkY&m i-Phone rS BlackBerry zke;f [m a&yef;
oufoufukdom oHk;Ekdifjcif; rS Munf½h &I mS azGEidk zf YkdtwGuv f Ydk Microsoft &JU Exchange tpm;qH k ; jzpf a ew,f /
jzpfygw,f/ ,ck iPhone &JU ajymygw,f/ software jzifh wkduf½dkufvkyf vuf & S d r S m zef p D gadget
software developer's kit Developer awG [ m aqmifEkdifpGrf; jzpfw,f/ 'D oabmjzpfaewJh iPhone u
(SDK) xGufvmjyDqdkawmh
apps awGa&;zdkY Mac 0ef; vkyfief;ykdif; business qdkif BlackBerry &JU a0pkukd cG, J l
'DuefYowfcsurf &Sad wmhygbl;/ usifrSmyJ vkyfEkdifvdrfhr,f/ &m pG r f ; &nf a wG Z G e f v rS m Ekdifrvm;/ apmifhMunfh&OD;
'Drwkdifcifuawmh iPhone PC pMu0VmtwGuf apps iPhone twG i f ; xnf h a y; r,f/ Business tool [kwf
[m Apple rS xnfhoGif;ay; awG b,fvw kd zJG ufEidk rf vJqkd vdrfhr,f/ Security udpaö wG r[kwf vlawG ar;cGef;xkwf
vk d u f a om applications wJh ar;cGef;MuD; usefaewkef; tus,fcsJUyg&Sdvmr,f/ aeMu&if Exchange eJ Y
rsm;udkom w&m;0if run Edkif yJ/ckxufxad wmh Windows aumfydka&;&Sif; t0ef; aygif;pyftjyD;rSm 'Dupd ö tjyD;
ygw,f/ tajccH content rsm;eJY syn- t0kid ;f eJY ywfoufvYkd MuD;rm; owf ajz&Sif; jyD;jzpfr,fvdkY
Developer awG [ m
chronization vkyfzdkYqdkwm wJh aemufvu dk af wG qGaJ qmif wm0ef&o dS w l pfO;D uajymw,f/
SDK udk tcrJh download
iPhone/iPod Touch jzifh zk d Y qd k w m Apple taeeJ Y Smart phone awG x J r S m
iPhone u Black Berry
aemuf 'kwd,a&yef;tpm;
qHk;tjzpf aps;uGufa0pk 28
&mckid Ef eI ;f &xm;jyD;jzpfw,f/
Microsoft Exchange udk
run aom aumfydk&dwf uGefysL
wmpepfawGeJY qufoG,fEkdif
pG r f ; r&S d r I u xd k a ps;uG u f
twGif; MuD;xGm;rI aESmifhaES;
apcJhjcif; jzpfygw,f/

{jyD? 2008 111

uGefysLwmowif;ESifhrSwfpk

Xbox twGuf Blu-ray udpö Microsoft rS

Sony ESihf pum;ajymqdak e

HD DVD udk azmfxwk f awmh r ,f / Microsoft eJ Y

ol Toshiba u xdk format Sony wm0ef&SdolawG nd§EdIif;
udk jzKwfcsawmhrmS jzpfaMumif; ajymqdkrI jyKvkyfcJhwmaMumifh
ajymMum;vkdufw,f/ Xbox *drf;pufawGrSm Blu-
Microsoft [m hi-def AD'D ray high-definition DVD
,dktwGuf wGJzufygwemr&Sd player wyf q if j yD ; om;
awmhwJh tajctae a&muf ygvmzdYk &mvrf; &Sad eygw,f/
oGm;ygw,f/ t"du a[mvd ½ky&f iS u
f kd t"durxm;bJ *dr;f
0k'f pwl', D t kd m;vH;k Blu-ray pufoufouf OD;wnfwJh
udkyJ axmufcHoHk;pGJvmMujyD; twGuf HD DVD &yfqkdif; xbox 360 ta&mif;usoGm; Microsoft u ajymoGm;yg
wJhaemuf Toshiba &JU aMumf rIaMumifh 'DtawmtwGif; p&mr&S d a Mumif ; ud k a wmh w,f/
jimcsuf xGufay:vmwmjzpf
w,f/ Xbox 360 twGuf
HD DVD player awGudk
uGeyf sLwmavmu owif;twdt
k xGm
129 a':vmwef wG J z uf oifh&JU vlrIa&;udpöt00twGuf www.facebook.com rS MudKqkdaew,f/
qufpyfypönf;tjzpf xkwf rdwfopfaqGopfawG? rdwfa[mif;aqGa[mif;awGeJY &yfa0;e,fjcm; rdbaqGrsKd;awGudk
vkyfcJhwmjzpfw,f/ ckawmh awGUqHkEkdifygvdrhfr,f/ facebook.com [m vlrIa&;uGef&uf website wpfckygyJ/
xkwfvkyfrI&yfqkdif;&ygawmh olYudktoHk;jyKoltwGuf Personal Profide, Share Photos awGudk zefwD;ay;½Hkru
r,f/ xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufay;vdrhfr,f/ rdwfaqGawGxH yg;wJh trSmpum;awGudk
HD DVD aoqH;k rI[m pmrsufESmawGay:rSm wifxm;&pfcJhEkdifygw,f/ odcsifwJhvludkvnf; &SmazGEkdifygw,f/
Microsoft udk tusyf½dkuf tJ'D pmtkyfawGxJrSm vlaygif; 55 oef;ausmf yg0ifaejyD; tJ'DvlawGeJY vGwfvGwfvyfvyf
apcJhw,f/ Sony &JU PS3 awGUqHkEkdifygw,f/
*drf;pufrSm Blu-ray player
tjyD;ygw,f/ HD DVD r&
Ekid af wmhwthJ cg xbox twGuf
tjcm;wpfzufu vSnfhoHk;
p&m hi-def format &Sm&awmh
r,f/ jydKifbufenf;ynmudk
jiif;y,fr,fqdk&ifawmh hi-
def content awG jzefYa0zdkY
Xbox live online content
0efaqmifrIudkyJ tm½Hkpkduf&

112 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmowif;ESirhf w
S pf k

Net udk A[dkjyKawmhrnfh rdkufu½dkaqmhzf

vwfpfAD;*wfpfrSm rdkuf ,mawG ydkí wdk;jyD; awGU&

u½dak qmhzf ukrP Ü &D UJ Mix08 rsm;vmw,f/ 3G pGr;f aqmif
uGe;f z&ihu
f sif;ycJw
h ,f/ rduk f &nf&Sd smart phones awG
u½dkaqmhzf&JU chief tech- 'pf*spfw,f aw;*DwzGihfpuf
nology officer (CTO) Ray eJY *drf;pufawG pm;oHk;ol tD
Ozzie u ]]uRef a wmf w d k Y vufx&Geef pf ypön;f awG[m
r[mAsL[m&JU A[dkrSm tif tGefvdkif;ay:odkY ydkí wuf
wmeufudk xm;&SdaMumif;}} vSrf;vmMuw,f/ vlawGu ajymif; ydkYaqmifay;Edkifoihf nology [m 'DjyóemawG
>rufMum;cJhw,f/ aps;uGuf xdkud&d,mawG ydkrdk o,f w,f/ þud&d,mi,frsm; ajz&Sif;zdkY MudK;yrf;tm;xkwf
udk yHkoGif;wJh ajymif;vJrIawG aqmifvm&if; ud, k yf ikd f 'Per- uGef&uf[m ao;i,faom xm;w,f/ þ tools rsm;
t& wd;k yGm;vmaeaom user sonal internet' awG wnf tydkif;tpav;rsm; avsmhvsJ tpk[m oihf&JU web brow-
awG aMumfjim ad awG wifjy aqmufvmMuw,f/ xdk net pGmjzifh qufpyfxm;wmvdkY ser odkY plug xdk; qufoG,f
zdYk vHak vmufaom ae&mvGwf uGef&uftwGif; vkyfaqmif ½IjrifEdkifygw,f/ Develop- jyD; websites rsm;rS rich me-
space &Sd&ef vdktyfw,f/ xdk MuHKawGU&rIudk tpyftMum; ers awG[m xdkud&d,mav; dia content ESifh applica-
advertising space vdktyf r&Sd acsmarGUatmif jyKvkyaf y; aygif;rsm;pGmtay: run Edkif tions rsm; yHkaazmfjyocGihf
csufaMumihyf J rduk uf ½dak qmhzf zdYk rdu
k u
f ½dak qmhzuf arQmv f ihf r,fh y½dk*&rfwpfyk'fudk a&;zdkY toHk;jyKw,f/ Adobe &JU
u Yahoo udk pdwf0ifpm;rI vsuf &Sdygw,f/ om tcsdejf zKef;vdrk ,f/ xkwf flash system jzifh tvm;wl
jyvmjcif;jzpfw,f/ vlawG[m wpfpw kH pf&m ukef trsKd;rsKd;tay: jzwf ygw,f/ rD'D,mtay: jyif;
,cif tpOftvm ½I tvkyfvkyfrnf rvkyfbl; yl ausmf í qD a vsmf p G m vk y f xefpGm tm½Hkpdkufjcif;? txl;
axmihfrSqdk&if tifwmeuf yef pdk;&drfp&mrvdkbJ owif; aqmifEikd pf rG ;f compatibility ojzihf AD', D tkd ay: tm½Hpk u
kd f
qdkwm yDpDodkY qufoG,fwJh tcsuftvuf rD'D,meJY y½dk test twGuf tcse d jf zKef;vdMk u jcif;jzifh silverlight [m
t&mrQomyg/ ,ckawmh tif *&rf tjynft h pHu
k akd wmif xdk rnf r[kwfyg/ rdkufu½dk tvGef½IyfaxG; tao;pdwf
wmeufukd rSwrf o d &d w
dS hJ ud&d ud & d , mrsm;tMum; ul ; aqmhzf&JU silverlight tech- usaom web page rsm;
jzefYa0ay;Edkifygw,f/ ¤if;
enf ; ynm[m windows
PC, Macs eJY Linux yvuf
azmif;rsm;tay: &&SdESihfjyD;
jzpfw,f/ Nokia rS olwdkY&JU
handset eJY internet tab-
lets trsm;pktay: Silver-
light enf ; ynm &&S d v m
atmif vkyfay;r,fvdkYvnf;
qdkxm;ygw,f/

{jyD? 2008 113

0ufbq
f u
dk t
f nTe;f

WEBSITE INDEX

http://www.adel aider. com ESyd jf yD; azG&mS Ekid yf gw,f/ MP3 qdak yr,fh
wpfcgwavrSm cifAsm;&JU uk, d yf idk f Audio file awG rSeo f rQudk &SmazGEidk pf rG ;f
"mwfy?kH ½kyyf akH v;awG 'grSr[kwf cifAsm; &Sdygw,f/
&JU u,f&Dau;csm;umwGef;yHkukd jzpfap?
ud,k yf idk f logo av;awGujkd zpfap ud,
k &hf UJ
website xJudk upload wifxm;csif
pdwf ay:aygufvmcJzh ;l rSmyg/ adelaider
load cs,lEkdifygw,f/ rm&D,dk? iSufaysm
[m tJ'pD w d u
f ;l udk tjynft
h 0 taumif
oD;av;awG vkdufvH&SmazG pm;aomuf&
txnfazmfay;ygw,f/ vdkcsifwJh im-
wJh*drf;? bomb azmufcGJ*drf;awG? a&cJ
age awGudk upload wifEkdifwJhtjyif http://pro.corbis.com
pudwfpD;wJh *drf;av;awGeJY uav;i,f
ukd,fqE´&SdwJh format ukdyg jyefajymif; Internet ay:rSm upload wifxm;
awG oabmuscsifp&myg/
ay;EkdifwJh image converter wpfck jzpf wJhyHkawG[m jyefYusJvsuf &Sdaeygw,f/
ygw,f/ 'gudk google image uae tvG,f
http://www.mp3gle.net wul &SmazG,lEkdifygw,f/ 'gayr,fh
urÇmay:rSm &Sd&SdorQ MP3 oDcsif; wcsKdU vlawGuawmh google xuf
awGrSeforQudk &SmazGay;r,fh oDcsif; pm&if image &SmazGa&; tif*sifawGudk
&SmazGa&; tif*sifwpfck jzpfygw,f/ om tm;udk;jyD; oD;oefY&SmazGavh &Sdyg
oDcsif;&JUtrnfukd jzpfap? tqdkawmf&JU w,f/ Corbis [m image &SmazGa&;
trnfujkd zpfap wpfpw d w
f pfyidk ;f odxm; tif*sifwpfck jzpfygw,f/ Oyrm "cat"
½HkeJY search box xJrSm xnfhoGif; ½dkuf vdkY ½dkufESdyfvkdufwmeJY ]aMumif} eJY ywf
http://www.agame.com ouforQ? web ay:rSm wifxm;orQ?
Yahoo game qefqef system yHk&dyfawGrSeforQudk &SmazGwifjyay;
ae&m,lrIyrmP odyfrrsm;bJ ayghaygh ygvdrfhr,f/
yg;yg;eJY vG,fvG,fulul aqmhupm;Ekdif
wJh flash game av;awGudk pDpOfay; http://www.qumana.com
xm;wJhtjyif tvG,fwuleJY down Web 2.0 pwki
d f acwfrD om;em;wJh

114 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 0ufbq
f u
dk t
f nTe;f
http://www.skinbase.org
ud, k &hf UJ computer udk wallpaper
vSvSuav;awG? skin vSvSav;awGeJY
tvSqif jyKjyifvdkolawG oabmusEkdif
wJh wallpaper awG? skin awG rsKd;pHk
wnf&Sdaeygw,f/ tvGefvSywJh awm
awmifa&ajr ½Icif;awGeJYtwl "aero
glass" pwkdifawGudk &&SdEkdifjyD; a&;qGJ
website [m blogger awG tMudKuaf wGY zefwD;cJhwJh enf;ynm&SifawGqDudkyg rsujf rifygyJ/ urÇmOD;acwfumvrSm tJ'D
MurSmyg/ bmjzpfvdkYvJqdkawmh blog wkduf½dkufa0zef tMuHjyKEkdifygw,f/ 'kdifEdkaqmtaumifMuD;awG[m rsKd;wHk;
twGuf aMumfjimawG &SmazGEkdifwJh tool ukecf MhJ ujyD; zGw?f ykwwf? tdraf jrmif tp
awG? spam y,fzsufwJh tool awGeJY &SdwJh owå0gi,fav;awG wifusef &Sif
tjcm;axG&mav;yg; jzpfayr,fh uk, d &f UJ oef c J h w m[mvnf ; pd w f 0 if p m;p&m
blog udk taumif;qH;k tvSqifay;r,fh aumif;ygw,f/ tJ'D taMumif;t&m
tools awGudk &SmazGay;jyD; qumana &JU tjynfhtpHkawGudk tudk;tum;awGeJY
tykdif 'Advertising keyword tool' wuG azmfjyay;aewJh pmrsufESm[m
vdkrsKd; pGrf;&nfjynfh tool udkyg tcrJh strangescience jzpfygw,f/
&&SdEkdifygw,f/
http://www.slide.com
*syef base community wpfck jzpf
http://www.sketchpad.net ygw,f/ omref network wpfckr[kwf
Animation eJ Y ywf o uf o rQ bJ cifAsm;&JU image vSvSav;awGudk
oifcef;pm? vkyfenf;vkyf[efawGudk e- upload wifpm;Ekid jf yD; slide show wpfck
book? video audio file awGeJYtwl taeeJY Munfh½IcHpm;vdkY &Ekdifygw,f/
tcrJh&&SdEkdifwJh ae&mwpfck jzpfygw,f/
&S m ;yg;wJ h oif c ef ; pmawG j zpf w J h http: //www. stumbleupon.com
"Quark", "Freehand" pwJh tutorial IE eJYa&m? firefox eJYyg taumif;
awGudkyg &&SdEkdifjyD; animation wpfck&JU qHk; tvkyfvkyfEkdifwJh social book-
tajccHtkwfjrpfudk oifMum;&,lEkdif&if; marking website jzpfygw,f/ Home-
"layer" eJY "frame" wdkYudk cGJjcm; em; user orm;awGtwGufawmh stumble
vnfoGm;apEkdifygw,f/ upon uae tcrJh&EkdifwJh toolbar udk
wjcm; member awGeJY chat ajym&if; download &,lxm;r,fqdk&if ydkjyD;
aqG;aEG;a0zefEkdifovdk tEkynmpdwf&Sd tpGrf;xufrSmyg/ Yahoo, msn wdkYvdk
MuwJh vltcsif;csif; &if;ESD;cspfcifEkdifyg omref engine r[kwfbJ oHk;pGJolawG
w,f/ 'ghtjyif tJ'DtxJu source &JU bookmark awGuae wpfqifhvm
code awG ul;,ljyD; facebook xJrSm wmrdkY ydkjyD; wdusygw,f/
jyefvnf slide show vkyfxm;Ekdifyg
w,f/
http://www.teachertube.com
http://www.strangescience.net tips,tricks, tutorial awGeJY? how-
'dik Ef akd qmawG&UJ t<uif;tuseaf wG to guide line awGeJY tjcm;tjcm;aom
udk wl;azmf&SmazG awGY&SdaecJhMuwm vkyfenf;udkifenf;awG? Oyrm- google

{jyD? 2008 115

0ufbq
f u
dk t
f nTe;f
yk*dK¾ vfawG &Sdaeygw,f/ tJ'D vl yk*dK¾ vf
awG & J U tqd k t rd e f Y a wG e J Y b0Zmwf
aMumif ; ? uk d , f a &;tw¬ K yÜ w d å a wG e J Y
bmaMumifh xif&Sm;ausmfMum;cJhovJqdk
wmawGukd tinfinger uae &SmazGMunf½h I
Ekdifygw,f/ wpfrlxl;jcm;wJh vlyk*d¾Kvf
awGukdom oD;oefY&SmazGay;wJh tif*sif
rSm oDcsif;zdkifawG &SmazGwmupvdkY euf video access eJ Y t wl Munf h ½ I & if ;
(engine) wpfck jzpfygw,f/
uwkdif vnfpnf; jyKvkyfenf;awGu tvG,w f ul vku d vf v H yk af qmif&if; em;
tp video file awGeJYtwl &&SdEkdifwJh vnfapEkid zf Ykd video-tutes [m apwem
taumif;qHk; enf;ynm tMuHay; site tjynfht0eJY file awG upload wifay;
wpfck jzpfygw,f/ &&Sv d mwJvh ideo file xm;ygw,f/ wcsKdUtaumif;qH;k video
awGudk access vkyfEkdifzdkY PC [m sys- file awGuakd wmh olY&UJ server rSm r&S& d if
tem requirement aumif;aumif;awmh awmifrS taumif;pm; links awG csdwf
vdktyfygw,f/ qufay;xm;ygw,f/

http://www.totaltutorial.com
http://www.theimage-place.net uGefysLwm enf;ynmavmurSm http://www.tutorials 20.com
The image place rSm register wnf&SdaewJh enf;ynmawG&JU oifcef; *&yfzpf'DZkdif;tEkynmeJY ywfouf
vkyfyg/ jyD;&if account wpfck &&Sdvm pmu@rSm Php,mysql wdkYvdk pro- orQ image zefwD;enf;? yHk&dyfawGudk
wJhtcgrSm tvGeft&nftaoG; jrifhrm; gramming awG? firework eJY dream- jzwfawmufjyifqifjcif;eJY tjcm;aom
wJh yHk&dyfawG pkpnf;xm;wJh gallery waver wdYkvkd web oifcef;pmawG? pho- effect awGudk xnfhoGif;aygif;pyf&if;
uav;wpfckukd tcrJh &&SdEkdifygw,f/ taumif ; qH k ; t&nf t aoG ; jzpf v m
tjyif web awGrSm awGY&cJwJh &Sm;yg; atmif MudK;pm;Ekdifjcif;paom enf;
"mwfyakH wGukd pkpnf;xm;jyD; high reso- ynmrsm;udk tcrJh&,lEkdifovdk blog
lution tjynfh&zdkYudkawmh tcaMu;aiG qefqef wnfaqmufxm;wJh twGuf
ay;jyD; 0,f,l&ayr,fh tcrJh ay;tyf omref site xuf owif;&&SdrI wdus
xm;wJh image awGeJYwif auseyfvGef; jrefqefygw,f/ oifcef;pmtopfwpfck
p&m aumif;vSygw,f/ web ay: a&mufvmvmcsif;rSmudk oifh
Email xJudk xnfhoGif; taMumif;Mum;
toshop eJY illustrator wdkYvdk "mwfyHk ay;ygvdrfhr,f/
'DZkdif; oifcef;pmawGrSeforQ pkpnf;
ay;xm;jyD; taumif;qHk;? vlpdwf0ifpm;
tcH&qH;k lesson awGuakd wmh "Top 20"
pm&if;xJ xnfo h iG ;f ay;xm;wmrdYk Munfh
½Iol user twGuf wpfpHkwpf&mtusKd;&Sd
rSm aocsmygw,f/

http://www.tinfinger.com http://www.video-tutes.com http://www.vistastyles.org

tEk y nm? enf ; ynm? Oya'? 3D Max, premiere Pro Bryce 5, cifAsm;&JU desktop wallpaper awG
rD'D,m? EkdifiHa&; pwJh e,fy,fu@ adobe contribute C panel pwJh &Sm; udk trdIufyHk;xJ xnfhvkdufygawmh/
toD;oD;rSm xl;cRefxufjrufwJh vl yg; subject awG&UJ oifcef;pmzkid af wGukd jyD ; &if uRef a wmf w d k Y q D u vista &J U

116 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 0ufbq
f u
dk t
f nTe;f
awmufywJh t&nftaoG;awGudk vm xanga udk Oa&myeJY tar&duwpfvTm;
a&muf ,liifvSnfhyg[k Admin awGu rSm aemufxyfwdk;xGufvmr,fh social
aMumfjimxm;ygw,f/ trSef wu,f networking site wpfcktjzpf wefzdk;
vnf; csppf &maumif;jyD; rsupf yd om'udk xm; a&yef;pm;aeMuygw,f/
jynfhjynfh00 tvSqifay;xm;EkdifwJh
wallpaper, icon awG? skin awG &Sdae wpfckzefwD; wnfaqmufEkdifapzdkY &nf
ygw,f/ &G,fygw,f/

http://www.wincustomize.com
ukd,fh&JU cursor udk vista cursor
pwkdifajymif;csifovm;/ bootskin udk
pdwfwkdif;uswnfaqmufcsifovm;/
logo vSvSuav;awG? template rkduf
http://www.zaadz.com
http://www.webmate.com rkdufuav;awGvdkcsifovm;/ Folder
pD;yGm;a&;? 'óedu? aq;ynm?
Social network wpfck jzpfjyD; on- icon awGudk 'DZkdif; topfawG ajymif;vJ
pdwyf nm? usef;rma&;pojzifh acgif;pOf
line ay:rSm cifAsm;twGuf ae&mi,f csifovm;/ wpfaeYudk 'DZkdif;topf
awG cGJa0xm;jyD; online ay:uae
uav;wpfckudk tcrJh zefwD;ay;xm;yg aygif; cefYrSef;ajc 100 ausmf a&muf&Sd
ebook awGudk tcrJh zwf½IcGifh ay;tyf
w,f/ tJ'D ae&muav;uae wpfqifh aewJh website wpfcjk zpfygw,f/ win-
xm;wJh website wpfckyg/ tcrJh reg-
ukd,fh&JU uAsmwdkpav;awG a&;om;Ekdif customize xJudk 0ifrMunfhzl;wJhvlrSm
ister vkyc f iG jhf yKovdk tzGYJ 0ifjzpfjyDqw
kd m
ovdk tzGJY0ifawGtcsif;csif; &efukefeJY icon vSvaS v;awG r&Sw d wfb;l vdYk ajym
eJY wjcm; member awGeJY share vkyf
jrefjynfwpfvTm;rSm &SdaewJh oli,fcsif; prSwfjyKMuygw,f/
vdkY &Ekdifovdk library rSm wif&adS y;xm;
awGukd &SmazGrw
d zf YJG Eidk yf gw,f/ aysmfp&m wJh ebook rSeforQ zwf½IvdkY&ygw,f/
aumif;w,f/ tcrJhjzpfw,f/ jyD;awmh tvGefaumif;rGefwJh &nf&G,fcsuf &Sdyg
pdwf vIyf&Sm;p&maumif;vSwJh content w,f/
av;awG tpHktvif &Sdaeygw,f/

http://www.xanga.com
"mwfyHkawG tcrJh &S,f,mvkyfvdkY
http://www.whodoyou-love.com &r,f/ Video zdkifawG tjyeftvSef
cspfjcif;arwåmeJY ywfoufwhJ tqdk ydYkaqmifEidk rf ,f/ audio file awGa&maygh/ http://www.yourminis.com
trdeYfuav;awG? ecard vSvaS v;awGeYJ jyD;&if cifAsm;tykdif; subdomian pm Gmail, Hotmail, yahoo pwJh
pdw0f ifpm;zG,&f m vlaerIpwkid af v;awG? rsufESmuav;wpfckudk web ay:rSm Mail awGudk access vkyfvkdY&r,f/
csprf aI &;&maA'ifpwJh u@i,fav;awG ae&mcsay;xm;ygr,f/ tJ'Dvdk t&nf jyD;&if blog wpfck wnfaqmufEidk rf ,f/
eJYtwl aysmf&TifzG,f&m urÇmi,fuav; tcsif;aumif;av;awG &SdaewJhtwGuf Video awG? photo awG &S,,
f mvkyw f m

{jyD? 2008 117

0ufbq
f u
dk t
f nTe;f
td;k awGtwGuf zyeuter [m odyu f dk oifh
awmfjyD; tEkynm? enf;ynm t&nf
taoG;ESpfrsKd;pvHk;eJY tqifhjrifhvSaom
website wpfckjzpfygw,f/

awGeJY tvGefpHkvifvGef;vSwJh 'yourmi-

nis' [m website wpfcq k wkd mxuf on- oufvdkY em;pdrf;aewJh pum;vHk;awGudk
line ay:rSmoHk;pGJ&wJh user twGuf zGifhqdkay;r,fh 'dictionary' wpfckyg
aemufxyf desktop topf wpfckvdkY wnf&Sdaeygw,f/
ajymqdMk uygw,f/ tvGev f yS acwfrjD yD;
qef;Mu,fwJh enf;ynm t&nftaoG;
awGeJY wnfaqmufxm;wJh yourmini- http://www.iconcool. com

sim jynfhpHk uHkvHkwJh tool/ yHhydk;rIawGeJY udk,fykdif website/blog twGufyJ

<u,f0vGef;vSygw,f/ jzpfap? ud,
k hf PC udk tvSqifzdkYyJjzpfap
vdktyfaewJh icon 'DZkdif;av;awGrsKd;pHk
wnf&SdaejyD; tcrJh download &,lcGifh
http://www.zupload.com jyKxm;wJh ae&muav;wpfck jzpfyg
500 Mb yrmPtxd&SdwJh file w,f/ XP eJY vista rwlnDwJh OS awG
awGudk tcrJh upload wifay;EkdifjyD; twGu&f Ekid o
f vdk uGjJ ym;jcm;em;wJh plat- http://www.lightmatter. net/gal-
lery
download limit udk tuefYtowfr&Sd form awGrmS oH;k pGz
J Ykd icon awGyg &&SEd idk yf g
w,f/ pyd e f o m; Aaron Logan &J U
oHk;pGJEkdifygw,fqdkwJhtwGuf EkdifiH&yf
vuf&mvSywJh "mwfyakH v;aygif; ajrmuf
jcm; rdwfaqGawGeJY ukd,f&JU file awGudk
jrm;pGm pkpnf;xm;wJh web pmrsufESm
rQa0oH;k pGEJ idk yf gr,f/ 'ghtjyifrmS down-
wpfck jzpfygw,f/ Animal, Nature,
load &,lwJhtcgrSm "download man-
Plants, Abstracts, travel pojzifh
ager" software awG u d k b,f v d k r S
acgif;pOfi,frsm; cGjJ cm;ay;xm;jyD; pho-
taESmifht,SufrjyKwJhtwGuf auseyf
to awGukd &SmazGzYdk search engine wpfck
p&m jzpfygw,f/
vnf; &Sdygao;w,f/ tar&du wpf
vTm;rSmom awGY&wwfwJh odrf;iSuf
acgif;jzL? &Sm;yg;arsmuf0g? cspfpzG,f
a&bJuav;rsm; pojzifh pkpnf;xm;
http://www.lightend3d.com wmrdYk "mwfykH pkaqmif;csio f w
l YkdtzdYk oifh
Maya, 3D Max wd k Y twG u f awmfygw,f/
tm;udk;avmufwJh community wpfck
http://www.zyeuter.com jzpfygw,f/ vdktyfwJh oifcef;pmawGeJY
rmwdumawGudk Munfh½IrIt& en- ebook awG download &&SdEkdifovdk http://www.mercora.com
glish base web awmh [kwfr,frxif forum wpfckyg wifay;xm;wJhtwGuf Pop, R &B, Rock, jazz, blue
yg/ pydef odkYr[kwf ay:wluD pwJh ud,
k rf &Si;f vif;wJh tcsuftvufawGukd trsKd;rsKd;tpm;pm;aom rwlnDuGJjym;wJh
bmompum;eJY a&;om;xm;wJhtwGuf ar;jref; tajz&SmEkdifygr,f/ down- oDcsif; *DwrsKd;pHkudk &SmazGEkdifzdkY search
content udk zwf½I&wm cufcJygvdrfh load &,lEi dk w
f t
hJ xJrmS icon av;awGeYJ engine wpfck jzpfygw,f/ tJvfApf
r,f/ odkayr,fh "mwfyHkaumif;awGudk skin, themes awGvkd tao;trTm;av; y&ufpav? *RefvifEGef? bDwJvfpf pwJh
vufrvGww f rf; pkaqmif;aewJh 0goem awGutp yg0ifaejyD; 3D,2D eJY ywf &Sm;yg;oDcsi;f music awGwif omrubJ

118 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 0ufbq
f u
dk t
f nTe;f
'DbufacwfemrnfMuD; 'candle in the http://www.national-photo
wind' wdkYvdk oDcsif;aumif;awGtxd awards.com

&SmazGEidk yf gw,f/ 'ghtjyif mercora [m "mwfyHkjydKifyGJawGudk pm&if;csKyfjyD;

search engine wpfckqdkwmxuf *Dw urÇmtESHYrSm&SdaewJh &Gufykef;oD;? "mwfyHk
community wpfckjzpfwmrdkY topf tEkynm&SifawGudk azmfxkwfay;aewJh
topfaom features awGudk oHk;pGJol website wpfckjzpfygw,f/ ukd,fukd,f
user awGtwGuf xyfrHaygif;xnfhay; wkdif ½dkuful;xm;wJh "mwfyHkawGudk up-
av; awGudkyJjzpfjzpf pkpnf;jyD; t,fvf load wifykdYjyD; jydKifyGJ0ifEkdifovdk qk&
avh &Sdygw,f/
brf vkycf sio f al wGtwGuaf wmh 'my al- "mwf y H k a wG & J U vuf & mawG u d k v nf ;
bum maker' eJYq& kd if tqifajyygw,f/ erlemMunfh½IEkdifygw,f/ Annual con-
homepage rSm yg0ifwJh "get started" test form ud k v nf ; online uae
udk click ESdyfvkdufwmeJY new window avQmufvTmydkYEkdifygw,f/ ukd,fh&JU wdrf
ac:ay;jyD; "mwfyHkt,fvfbrfwpfckudk jrKyfaewJh t&nftaoG;awGudk rSwf
wnfaqmufEkdifwJh tools awG tpHk ausmufwif ppfaq;zdkY taumif;qHk;
tvif ay;tyf x m;wJ h webpage ae&muav;wpfckvnf; jzpfygw,f/
uav;wpfck &&SdvmwJhtcgrSm oif
tvdk&SdwJh "mwfyHkuav;awGudk upload
http://morguefile.com wifjyD; pwifEkdifygjyD/
tvGefvSywJh image av;awGudk
upload wifxm;jyD; tcrJh download
vkyf,lvdkY&EkdifwJhtjyif "mwfyHkaumif;
wpfyHk&&SdzdkY tudk;tum;? vrf;nTefcsuf
awGeJY tMuHay;a0zefrIrsm;udkyg &&SdEkdif
ygao;w,f/ Spain based web jzpf
[efwlwJh 'D site [m "mwfyHkorm;awG
wifrubJ 'DZidk ;f yef;csD tEkynmvuf&m
awG pdwfyg0ifpm;pGm zefwD;vdkMuwJh
vli,fawGtwGufyg oifhawmfwmudk http://www.myanmar-graphicart.
awGY&ygr,f/ net http://www.natures-desktop.com
2007 ckESpftwGif;u trsKd;om; PC udkoHk;wmjzpfap? Mac udk oHk;
jywkdufrSm usif;yjyKvkyfcJhwJh xdwfxdwf wmjzpfap? ukd,fh&JU uGefysLwmay:rSm
MuJ yef;csD? 'DZkdif; tEkynm&SifawG&JU tvSqifxm;EkdifzdkY taumif;qHk; yHk&dyf
vuf &mawGeJY jyyGJudk wifqufxm;wJh uav;awGukd &&SEd idk yf gw,f/ vGr;f qGwf
web page wpfck jzpfygw,f/ jrifah rmif zG,faumif;wJh obm0tvSuav;awG
ausmf? ausmfrif;armif pwJh *&yfzpf'ZD idk ;f tjyif xl;qef;tHhMozG,f wd&pämefi,f
uRrf;usifynm&SifawG&JU zefwD;rIawGudk uav;awG&JU image av;awGudkyg
wpkwa0;wnf; jrifawGYEkdifwmrdkY ,ck wallpaper taeeJ Y &&S d E k d i f y gw,f /
2008 ckESpfrSmvnf; 'kwd,tMudrf jyef themes eJY icon vSvSav;awG &SdaewJh
http://www. myalbummaker.com vnfusif;yOD;r,fqdk&if tvGefaumif; web pmrsuf E S m av;awG u d k y g link
udk,fh&JU "mwfyHkvSvSuav;awGudk rGefwJh tpDtpOfwpfckudk online ay:u csdwfay;xm;ygw,f/
yJ jzpfjzpf? tdrfarG;acG;i,f? aMumifi,f ae jrifawGY&OD;rSmyg/

{jyD? 2008 119

uGeyf sLwmtbd"mef

client/server architecture. uGef&ufay:rS uGefysLwm ynma&;ESifh qufET,faom clip art rsm;udk 0,f,l toHk;jyK
odkYr[kwf process toD;oD;onf client wpfck odkYr[kwf Ekdifonf/
server wpfck jzpfaeonfh uGef&uf zGJYpnf;wnfaqmufyHk
wpf&yf jzpfonf/ Server rsm;onf disk drive (file server) clipboard. Text ESihf *&yfzpfrsm;twGuf ,m,Dor d ;f qnf;&m
rsm;? y&ifwm (print server) rsm; odYk r[kwf network traffic ae&m jzpfonf/ oifonf text odkYr[kwf yef;csDum;wpfpdwf
(network server) rsm;tm; pDrHcefYcGJ&ef wm0ef,lxm;onfh wpfydkif;udk jzwfawmufNyD; clip board wGif odrf;qnf;Ekdif
pGrf;tm;aumif;aom uGefysLwmrsm; odkYr[kwf processor onf/ okdYr[kwf rdwåLul;NyD; clipboard wGif odrf;qnf;
rsm; jzpfMuonf/ Client rsm;onf toHk;jyKolrsm;u appli- Ekdifonf/ tjcm;wpfpHkwpf&mudk clipboard wGif jzwfodrf;
cation rsm;udk run onfh PC rsm; odkYr[kwf workstation jcif;? rdwåLul;odrf;jcif;jzifh rl&if;taMumif;t&mrsm;ae&mwGif
rsm; jzpfMuonf/ Client rsm;onf zkdifrsm;? device rsm;ESifh tpm;xkd; 0ifrvmrcsif; tqkdyg text ESifh ½kyfyHkrsm;rSm clip-
processing power rsm;uJhodkY resource rsm; &,l&ef server board wGif &Sdaevdrfhrnf/ Clipboard ay:wGif &Sdaeaom
rsm;tay: rS D c k d t m;xm;Mu&onf / uG e f & uf z G J U tpnf ; wpfpw kH pfwpf&monf vuf&dS document xJoYkd jzpfap? tjcm;
wnfaqmufyHk aemufwpfrsKd;udk peer-to-peer architecture document xJodkY jzpfap (rkdufu½dkaqmhzfudk Windows rsm;
[k ac:Muonf/ taMumif;rl node toD;oD;wGif wef;wl xJwiG f Windows clipboard udk Windows y½d*k &rf tm;vH;k
&nfwl wm0efrsm;&SdaeaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ Client / server twGuf) toHk;jyKEkdifonf/ odkYjzpfí y½dk*&rfrsm;tMum;wGif
ESihf peer-to - peer architecture ESprf sKd;udk us,fus,fjyefYjyefY tcsuftvufrsm;udk cGJa0 toHk;jyK&mwGif clipboard udk
toH;k jyKMuonf/ zGUJ pnf;wnfaqmufyt kH oD;oD;wGif uk,
d yf ikd f toHk;jyKEkdifonf/
tm;omcsuf tm;enf;csufrsm;&SdMuonf/ Oyrm Paint brush xJwGif zefwD;xm;aom ½kyfyHkwpfyHkudk
Windows clipboard wGif rdwåLul;ay;xm;EkdifNyD; aemufydkif;
wGif ,if;½kyfyHkudk Word Perfect for Windows xJrS docu-
ment wpfcx k o
J Ykd vko
d nfah e&mwGif (paste) xnfah y;Ekid o
f nf/

clock. (1) puúeYf wi

dk ;f wGif pulses aygif; axmifaygif;rsm;pGm
udk rSefrSefydkYvTwfaom uGefysLwmxJ&Sd tpdwftydkif;i,fav;
Client / server architecture udk two-tier architecture wpfck jzpfonf/ uGefysLwmxJ&Sd vQyfppftpdwftydkif;i,frsm;
[kvnf; wpfcgwpf&H ac:wwfMuonf/ (peer to peer udk tcsif;csif;tMum; data ajymif;vJay;ydkY&mwGif data aysmuf
vnf; Munfhyg/) qHk;rI r&Sdap&eftwGuf todtrSwftjzpf toHk;jyKonf/
Central processing unit onf clock pulse wpfcw k idk ;f wGif
clip art. tqifoifh jyKvkyfxm;onfh yef;csD½kyfyHk wpfpdwf instruction wpfck o,faqmifay;ydkYojzifh clock speed
wpfydkif; jzpfonf/ oifonf ukd,fwkdifyHkqGJom;&ef t&nf jrefavav? instruction rsm;rsm;udk o,faqmifEkdifavav
tcsif;r&Sdygu odkYr[kwf pdwfrygygu jzpfonf/ Processor \ speed (clock \ speed) udk
uRrf;usifynm&Sifrsm; a&;qGJay;xm; megahertz (HMz) jzifh wkdif;wmonf/ wpfpuúefYwkdif;wGif
onfh yef;csDum;rsm;yg0ifaom clip art pulses oef;ESifhcsDí &Sdjcif;jzpfonf/ 50 MHz processor
rsm;udk tpkvu kd f 0,f,l toH;k jyKEkid o
f nf/ wpfckonf wpfpuúefYwkdif;wGif pules oef;aygif; 50 o,f
tm;upm;? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief; odkYr[kwf aqmifykdYvTwfaom clock udk oHk;onf/

120 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtbd"mef
(2) Windows 3.1 wGif vuf&Sdtcsdefem&Dudk jyo&ef yl;wGJvkyfaqmifrnfh tydk device rsm;udk xkwfvkyf&mwGif
clock [kac:aom utility wpfck yg&Sdonf/ ¤if;udkoHk;&ef tcuftcJ ay:aygufMuonf? odYk r[kwf xkwv f yk &f ef rjzpfEidk f
Accessories group xJ&Sd clock icon udk double-click Muyg/ tNrJwrf;taejzifh rl&if;xkwv f yk o
f u
l omvQif tqkyd g
vkyf&onf/ Windows 95 onf tcsdefem&Dudk screen \ pufrsKd;twGuf peripheral rsm;ESifh add-on rsm;udk wnf
nmbuf tay:axmifhwGif azmfjyay;onf/ aeY&ufukd od&ef aqmufEkdifMuonf/
twGuf mouse pointer udk ¤if;ae&may:wGif csdef&G,fxm; (2) Closed architecture onf system unit twGif;
vkdufNyD; cPrQ apmifhvdkufygu aeY&ufudk azmfjyxm;aom "mwfp;D ywfvrf;cHt
k opfrsm; jznfph u
G af &;twGuf expansion
pmwef; ay:vmonf/ Windows 95 wGif tcsdefem&Dudk slot rsm; jznfhqnf;ay;xm;jcif;r&Sdonfh uGefysLwmpepf
ajymif;vJ jyifqifvdkygu tqkdygae&mwGif mouse \ right wpfckukdvnf; &nfñTef;onf/ rl&if; Apple Macintosh
button udk click vkyfvkdufygu screen ay:vmNyD; vkdovdk onf þa0g[m&rsKd;ESifh eD;pyfonfh pufjzpfonf/
jyifqifEkdifonf/
CLS. Clear udk Munfhyg/
clock doubler. Central processing unit \ ab;buf
wGif&Sdaom txl; chip wpfrsKd;jzpfNyD; clock pulses udk ESpq f cluster. tcsut f vufrsm; odr;f qnf;&ef toH;k jyKaom disk
wd;k apEkid o
f nf/ xkYdaMumifh central processor \ tjrefEeI ;f udk wkdif;ukd sector rsm;tjzpf cJGjcm;xm;onf/ ,if; sector
ESpfqwkd;aponf/ rsm;udk cluster rsm;tjzpf pkpnf;onf/ Cluster wpfckwGif
sector ESpfckrS &Spfcktxd yg0ifonf/ uGefysLwmonf disk
clock speed. wGufcsufrIrsm;ESifh tjcm;vkyfief;rsm;udk ay:wGif tcsuftvuf odrf;qnf;onfhtcg disk toHk;jyK
uGefysLwmu aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifaom tjrefEIef;jzpfonf/ onfh ti,fqHk;,lepfrSm cluster jzpfonf/ qkdvdkonfrSm
,if;udk megahertz (MHz) jzifh wkdif;wmonf/ (1MHz) disk tay:wGif zkdifwpfckudk odrf;qnf;&mwGif rnfrQyif
onf wpfpuúefYwGif vnfywfEIef;wpfoef;ESifh nDrQonf/ ao;i,fapumrl tenf;qHk; cluster wpfckudk toHk;jyKonf/
System clock onf uGefysLwmxJrS vkyfaqmifrItm;vHk;ESifh Oyrm - 1kilobyte cluster yg0ifaom disk wpfck
xyfwl xyfrQusaom vQypf pfwek cf grIrsm;udk rSerf eS f xkwv
f w
T f ay:wGif 350 byte zkid wf pfcu
k kd odr;f qnf;ygu zdik o
f nf disk
ay;onf/ \ 1 kilobyte udk ae&m,loGm;vdrfhrnf/ (sector ESifh track
udk Munfhyg/)
clone. rl&if;udk yHkwljyK xkwfvkyfxm;aom uGefysLwm
okdYr[kwf uGefysLwmtpdwftydkif; odkYr[kwf y½dk*&rfwpfck CML. Computer Managed Learning udk Munfhyg/
jzpfonf/ ydkí aps;BuD;onfh rl&if;uGefysLwmrsm;enf;wlyif
wlno D nfh tpdwt f ydik ;f rsm;udk toH;k jyKNyD; wlnoD nfh y½d*k &rf CMOS. ]]pD;armhfpf}}[k toHxGufonf/ Complementary
rsm;udk aqmif&u G af y;onfh wefz;kd enf; qifyh mG ;uGeyf sLwmrsm; Metal-Oxide Semiconductor udk twkdaumuf ac:qkdjcif;
ukd &nfñeT ;f &mwGif toH;k jyKonf/ wpfcgwpf&w H iG f clone rsm; jzpfonf/
onf t&nftaoG;ykdomaom ypönf;rsm; jzpfaewwfonf/ þenf;ynmwGif b,fnmvdu k zf ufnD tpDtpOfwpf&yf
twGif; pkaygif;zGJUpnf;xm;onfh field effect transistor
close. uGefysLwmrSwfÓPfxJrS zkdifwpfck? y½dk*&rfwpfckudk rsm;udk toHk;jyKxm;onf/ wpfckESifhwpfck qefYusifonfh
z,f&Sm;jcif; odkYr[kwf zefom;jyifay:rS window wpfcktm; polarity device (P- channel ESihf N – channel FET) rsm;udk
z,f&Sm;jcif;udk ac:onf/ ae&mcsxm;jcif;aMumifh push/pull operation wpf&yf jzpfay:
vmaponf/
closed architecture. (1) pHcse
d pf ñ
H eT ;f rsm;ukd vGwv
f yfpmG CMOS enf;ynm\ *kPfowådESifhtm;omcsufrsm;rSm
r&&SEd idk o
f nfh uGeyf sLwm'DZidk ;f rSeo
f rQtm; azmfjy&mwGif toH;k jyK NMOS ESihf PMOS wdYk \tMum;wGif &So d nf/ CMOS onf
onf/ tqkdyg rlydkifpHcsdefpHñTef;rsm;aMumifh jyifyxkwfvkyfol PMOS xuf ydí k jrefqefonf/ okYd aomfvnf; NMOS xuf
rsm;onf closed architecture machine wpfcEk iS hf rSeu f efpmG aES;auG;onf/ x&efppöwmwpfcktpm; ESpfck toHk;jyKonfh

{jyD? 2008 121

uGeyf sLwmtbd"mef
twGuf CMOS onf standard MOS xuf density
avsmhenf;onf/ Logic family wpfcktjzpf CMOS onf
atmufyg tm;omcsufrsm; zefwD;ay;onf/ onft h cgwGif ay:vmwwfonfh jyify vQypf pfpufuiG ;f rsm;u
Ä vQyfppf"mwftm; vkdtyfcsuf enf;yg;onf/ (1.5 0dkif,mBudK;ay:wGif pD;oGm;onfh tcsufay;oauFwrsm;ukd
AdkYcefYom vkdtyfonf/) rxdcdkufapEkdifawmhay/ rkdufu½dkuGefysLwmwpfvHk;udk ½kyfjrif
Ä qlnHoH azsmufzsuf&mwGif aumif;rGefxl;jcm;onf/ oHMum;puf odkYr[kwf armfeDwmwpfckESifh qufoG,fonfh
Ä tjcm; CMOS "mwfpD;ywfvrf;rsm;odkY jzefYMuuf&mwGif tcgrsKd;wGif ,if;0kdif,mBudK;udk toHk;jyKavh&Sdonf/
jrefqefonf/
Ä vQyfppf"mwftm; twuftusudk aumif;pGm cHEkdif&nf COBOL . Common business oriented language \
&So
d nf/ wefz;dk enf; power supply toH;k jyKcGiahf y;onf/ twkdaumuf jzpfonf/ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;twGuf data
Ä jrifhrm;onfh tylcsdefrsKd; cHEkdif&nf &Sdonf/ rnfodkY qkdap processing application rsm;aqmif&Guf&ef wDxGifxm;aom
umrl P – channel ESifh N – channel x&efppöwm ESpfrsKd; tqifhjrifh uGefysLwmy½dk*&rf bmompum;wpfck jzpfonf/
vH;k udk vdt k yfonft h wGuf xkwv f yk af &; vkyif ef;pOftqifh COBOL source program wkdif;wGif tydkif;av;ydkif; cGJjcm;
rsm; ykdrdk aqmif&Gufay;&onfh tm;enf;csuf &Sdonf/ xm;onf/ (1) Indentification Division onf source
tajccHtm;jzifh oD;jcm; MOS jzpfonfh x&efppöwm ESpv f ;kH program ESifh compilation wpfck\ output udk &SmazG owf
twGuf ae&mykrd x kd m;&Sad y;&onf/ CMOS enf;ynmonf rSwaf y;onf/ (2) Environment Division onf uGeyf sLwm
avaMumif;ysHoef;rIqkdif&m vkyfief;rsm;ESifh "mwftm; trsKd;tpm;wpfck\ pGrf;aqmifEkdifaom tcsufrsm;ay:wGif
oH;k pGrJ I enf;yg;NyD; tvG,w f ul a&TUajymif;Ekid rf &I &dS ef vdt
k yf trSjD yKaeaom data processing problem wpfc\ k toGijf yif
aom tjcm;pepfrsm;twGuf oifhawmfonf/ ukd owfrSwfay;onf/ (3) Data Division onf object
CMOS onf (tNrJwrf; bufx&Djzifh vnfywfaom) tDvuf programe u output tjzpf xkwaf y;&rnfh input ESihf mani-
x&Gefepf ud&d,mwpfckjzpfNyD; rdrd\uGefysLwmESifhqkdifonfh pulate, create or produce jyKvkyfay;&rnfh data rsm;udk
tcsuftvufrsm;udk odrf;qnf;ay;onf/ CMOS xJwGif azmfjyay;onf/
odr;f qnf;xm;aom tcsut f vufrsm;xJwiG f (uGeyf sLwmwGif (4) Procedure Division onf object program u vkyf
em&D xnfx h m;ygu) vuf&dS &ufp?JG tcsdeEf iS hf rdr\ d uGeyf sLwm aqmif&rnfh tpDtpOfrsm;udk wduspmG owfrwS pf pD Ofay;onf/
wGif yg&Sdaom disk drive rsm;\ta&twGufESifh trsKd;tpm; COBOL bmompum;t& jyKpkxm;aom erlemy½dk*&rfrSm
rsm; yg0ifMuonf/ bufx&DcsKdU,Gif;rIpepf tHacsmfrIrsm; atmufygtwdkif; jzpfonf/
aMumifh CMOS ysupf ;D oGm;onft h cg hard drive udk toH;k jyK 00510 Procedure division
00520 START – IT
í r&awmhbJ tcsuftvufrsm;onf disk xJrS xl;qef;pGm
00530 open input – in – file
aysmufuG,foGm;onf/ PC Tools uJhokdY utility y½dk*&rf 00540 open output – out – file
tcsKdUwGif aysmufqHk;oGm;onfh okdYr[kwf ysufpD;oGm;onfh 00550 Do – it
CMOS tcsuftvufrsm; jyefjznfw h if;&ef enf;vrf;wpf&yf 00560 move space to check - register
yg&SdNyD; CMOS bufx&Drsm;tm; prf;oyfMunfhí &aponf/ 00570 Rad in – file at end Go to End – it.
00580 move amount to amount – out
00590 move CHK - NUMBER TO CHK number out
CMYK. Cyan, magenta, yellow, black udk Munfhyg/ 00600 move month to month – out
00610 move month to month – out
coaxial cable. ESpfyifESifh txuf yg&Sdaom 0kdif,mBudK; 00620 move Day- in to Day – out
wpfacsmif; jzpfonf/ BudK;ESpfacsmif;udk iHkxm;aomfvnf; 00630 move year to year out
00640 write check – Register
wpfcEk iS w
hf pfck tylrpD;atmif Mum;wGif vQyfumypön;f cHxnfh
00650 ent it
xm;onf/ (yHkwGif Munfhyg/) tjyifbufrS 0kdif,mBuKd;udk 00660 CLOSE – IN – FILE, OUT – FILE
tNrJwrf;tm;jzifh tyfBudK; (earthed wire) tjzpf pDrH 00670 STOP RUN
xm;&Sod nf/ odYk jzifh tjcm;vQyfppfu&d ,
d mrsm;tm; cvkwyf w
d f qufvufazmfjyygrnf/

122 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
Happy Birthday Virus udk tjywfE123456789012 Sdrfeif;jcif;
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
cifAsm; tvGeEf pS foufwhJ uGefysLwmav;rSm Virus 0ifaejyDvm; 123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
'D&ufydkif;rSm uGefysLwm awmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk vkyaf qmifcsuf (1) 123456789012
Happy Birthday Virus udkufoGm;w,fvkdY Mum;
123456789012
Hard Disk wpfckvHk;udk Antivirus Software123456789012
123456789012
&w,f/ Virus vm;? omref Trojan wpfaumifvm; eJY scan ppfjyD; Adkif;&yfpfawGudk &Sif;ypf&r,f/ 123456789012
123456789012
qkdwm wdwdusus rod&ao;ayr,fh ul;pufEIef; 123456789012
123456789012
jrefjyD; uGeyf sLwmudk format csjyD; Windows awmif vkyaf qmifcsuf (2) 123456789012
244 KB (250,032 bytes) &SdwJh ntldr zdkifudk123456789012
jyefwif&w,fvkdY ajymMuw,f/ Mum;&oavmuf 123456789012
root directory atmufukd jyeful;ay;&r,f/ Win-123456789012
olu-
123456789012
1/ NTLDR zkdifudk zsufypfw,f/ dows &JU ysufoGm;wJh setting awGudk jyefjyif&r,f/123456789012
2/ Explorer.exe eJY autorun. inf zdik u f kd %system okdYr[kwf Windows udk repair vkyfay;&r,f/ 123456789012
123456789012
123456789012
root%\ system 32 eJ Y %systemroot% 123456789012
123456789012
zdkvf'gxJrSm a&;w,f/ uGeyf sLwmuRr;f usio
f rl sm;twGuf 123456789012
3/ Drive awG&UJ atmufrmS autorun.inf eJY folder System Administrator awGeJY uGefysLwm123456789012
123456789012
awG&JUatmufrSm ¤if; folder trnfeJY exe zdkif uRrf;usifolawGtwGufuawmh vkyfaqmifcsuf 2123456789012 123456789012
awGukd zefwD;w,f/ udk t&if vkyaf qmifyg/ vdt k yfwhJ ypön;f awGuawmh123456789012
123456789012
tjcm; service awGeJY system file awGudk 0if Windows Installation CD wpfcsyfeJY jyKjyifr,fh123456789012
123456789012
a&muf arTaESmufomG ;Ekid wf ,fvYkd ,lq&ayr,fh virus 123456789012
123456789012
&JU tao;pdwf aqmif&Gufcsufudk rod&ao;ygbl;/ 123456789012
123456789012
t"dujyóemu NTLDR zkid u f kd zsuv
f ukd vf Ykd Win- 123456789012
123456789012
dows wufrvmawmhwmyJ/ Windows wufrvm 123456789012
123456789012
awmh hard disk udk format csjyD; Windows jyefwif 123456789012
123456789012
wJhenf;eJYyJ ukpm;vdkufMuw,f/ trSefawmh format 123456789012
123456789012
csp&mrvkdbJ ajz&Sif;vdkY&ygw,f/ enf;vrf;awG 123456789012
123456789012
trsm;MuD;xJu tvG,fqHk;eJY toufomqHk;enf;
123456789012
awGudk azmfjyay;ygr,f/ vkyfaqmif&r,fh tvkyf 123456789012
123456789012
awGu- 123456789012
123456789012
{jyD? 2008 123
 uGeyf sLwmtaxGaxG
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901 uGeyf sLwmrSm CD-Drive wpfck wyfqifxm;zdYk vdyk g
12345678901
12345678901 vdrrfh ,f/ NTLDR zkid u
12345678901 f kd root directory atmufukd
12345678901 xnhfzdkY Windows CD eJY boot wufyg/
12345678901
12345678901 Repair vkyrf vm; ar;vm&if R udk ESyd v
12345678901 f u dk yf g/
12345678901 Windows Recovery Console xJudk a&mufjyDqkd
12345678901
12345678901 &if CD-Drive &JU Drive Letter udk ½dkufxnhfyg/
12345678901
12345678901 (uRefawmhf uGefysLwmrSm Drive Letter u D: jzpf
12345678901 vdkY D: qkdjyD; ½dkufxnhfvdkufwmyg/)
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901
12345678901 isoft.ygn.cc uae download &,lyg/) aemufqHk;
12345678901
12345678901 taeeJY Windows &JU ysufoGm;wJh setting awGudk
12345678901
12345678901 jyifqifEkdifzdkY iRepairMan udk http://www.isoft.
12345678901 jyD;&if chdir i386 qkjd yD; ½du
12345678901 k x
f nhv f udk yf g/ CD ygn.cc uae download &,l toHk;jyKyg/ iRepair
12345678901 ay:u i386 zdkvf'gudk a&mufoGm;wJhoabmyg/
12345678901 Man qkw d m ysufomG ;wJh Windows Setting awGukd
12345678901 jyefjyifEidk af tmif uRefawmf a&;xm;wJh open source
12345678901
12345678901 program av;yg/ 'Daqmif;yg;&JU PDF version
12345678901
12345678901 udv
k nf; http://www.isoft.ygn.cc uae &,lEidk yf g
12345678901
12345678901 w,f/
12345678901 copy ntldr C: qkjd yD; ½du
12345678901 k x
f nhyf g/ (Windows
12345678901 u C: atmufrmS wifxm;vdYk C: vkYd ½du
12345678901 k xf nhw f myg) omref toHk;jyKorl sm;twGuf
12345678901
12345678901 omref user rsm;twGufuawmh Akdif;&yfpf
12345678901
12345678901 udkufwJh Hard Disk udk jzKwfjyD; Antivirus Soft-
12345678901 ware &SdwJh tjcm; uGefysLwmrSm oGm;wyfyg/ Hard
12345678901
12345678901 Disk wpfckvHk;udk scan ppfjyD; Akdif;&yfpfawGudk owf
12345678901 'gqkd&if NTLDR u olY ae&mudk jyefa&muf
12345678901 ypfyg/ tjcm;uGefysLwm&JU C: atmufu NTLDR
12345678901 oGm;ygjyD/ exit vdkY ½dkufjyD; Windows udk restart
12345678901 zkdifudk ukd,hf Hard Disk &JU Windows zdkifawG&SdwJh
12345678901 vkyfyg/ aemufydkif; Windows &JU bmzkdifyJaysmuf
12345678901 aysmuf 'Dvdk jyefoGif;vdkY&ygw,f/ NTLDR oGif; Drive &JU atmufudk copy ul;xnhfyg/ NTLDR
12345678901
12345678901 jyD;jyDqkd&if Windows udk Safe Mode eJY wufyg/ zkdifudk &SmrawGU&if Tool → Folder Options →
12345678901 View → Hide protected operating system
12345678901 (uGefysLwmppcsif; Keyboard ay:u F8 Key udk
12345678901 files (Recommended) udk uvpfjzKwfjyD; Yes →
12345678901 ESdyfjyD; Safe Mode udk a&G;ay;&wmyg/) Start →
12345678901 Apply → OK udk a&G;ay;yg/ C:Drive &JU atmufrmS
12345678901 Run udk ESdyfjyD; msconfig vdkY ½dkufxnhfyg/
12345678901 NTLDR qkw d hJ zdik af v;udk &SmMunhyf g/ iRepairMan
12345678901 Startup Tab udo
12345678901 k mG ;jyD; Disable All udk ESyd yf g/ udk http:/www.isoft.ygn.cc uae download
12345678901 Windows udk restart csyg/ Windows udk yHkrSef
12345678901 &,ljyD; ysufoGm;wJh Windows setting awGudk jyef
12345678901 twkid ;f jyefwufjyD; Antivirus Software wpfcck u
12345678901 k kd jyifyg/ tjcm; uGefysLwmwpfvHk;r&Sdbl;qkd&if tay:
12345678901 install vkyfjyD; Akdif;&yfpftukefvHk;udk &Sif;vif;ypfyg/
12345678901 u uRrf;usifolawGtwGuf a&;xm;wJh vrf;nTef
12345678901 (uRefawmfu Kaspersky Antivirus 6.0 udk
12345678901 csuaf wGukd MudK;pm;jyD; vku
d v
f yk Mf unhyf g/ rvkyw
f wf
12345678901 oH;k ygw,f/ Kaspersky install vkyyf ekH YJ virus defi-
12345678901 awmh&ifawmh service center udkom ykdYvdkufyg/
12345678901 nition update vkyfyHktqifhqifhudk http://www. xdefvif;xl;
12345678901
124 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 (REVIEW)

THE ORANGE BOX

Half-life 2 u 2004 ckEp Su

f xGuf aumifawG tHkvkdufusif;vdkuf buf
w,f/ Half-Life 2: Episode One u aygif;pHku pkvmMuw,f/ xdkcef;r&Snf
2006 rSm xGufcJhw,f/ rl&if;*drf;rSm MuD;rSm oif[m tvdktavsmuf ypfcwf
aMumufrufzG,f Combine forces u aom uif;apmihfaoewfpif sentry
aejyD; urÇmudk u,fwifcJhjyD;wJhaemuf turrets awGukd Gravity Gun oH;k jyD; jzefY
rqH;k Edik af om sci-fi Zmwfvrf;&Snf saga Muuf ae&mcs&w,f/ tjrJwrf;vdkvdk
udk Episode 1 eJY 2 tcef;qufum rnf;rnf;jrif&m tkef;tkef;'dkif;'dkif;ypf&
aemufxyf aysmfarGUp&m awGUMuHKcHpm;rI wmxufawmh ydkrdkufygao;w,fAsm/
rsm; ,lvmay;ygw,f/ 'D *drf;awGu wlnDaom *&yfzpftif*sifoHk;xm; csuftydkif; jzpfygw,f/ vuf&Sd tajc
topfr[kwMf ubl;/ 'gayr,fh jyKvkycf hJ wJh *drf;opf oHk;ck ygygao;w,f/ tae vdktyfcsufeJY yk*¾vdutMudKuf
pOftcgu wdk;wufa&SUajy;vGef;wm txufu ajymcJhwJh Episode 2 tjyif aygif;pyf a&G;,l&ygr,f/
aMumifh ckxufxdenf;enf;rS acwf Team Fortress 2 eJY Portal wdkY jzpf pdwf0ifpm;p&m taumif;qHk;u
aemufusw,fvdkY rxif&ygbl;/ axG w,f/ Flavour csif;awmh uGJw,f/ first-person action udk puzzle-solv-
jym;aom 0ef;usifypönf;awGeJY jidwG,f Lego qefqef umwGef;½kyftoGif azmf ing eJY yg;eyfpGm a&marTxm;wJh portal
rSifwufrdwmeJYyJ a&SUquf oGm;vm xm;wJh Team Fortress 2 u pum;MuD; *dr;f /uGrw f rfot D &kd u
D vmwJh telepora-
wdkufcdkufzdkY&m cufcJwJh jyóemawmif pum;us,fajymí [efMuD;yefMuD; vkyf tion awG wormhole awGvdk tqihfjrihf
&Sad eygw,f/ Episode 2 rSm e*dk rlvu wwfaom uav;i,frsm; upm;yGJvdk ½lyaA'oabmw&m;awGtwdik ;f yJ/ odyHÜ
HL2 twdkif; r[kwfbJ puwnf;u cspfpzG,faumif;w,f/ 'D package &JU qdw k m vGeu f o
J mG ;awmhvnf; *rÇ&D qef
Gravity Gun udk ay;xm;w,f/ multiplayer tydkif;vnf; jzpfygw,f/ oGm;ovm;rodyg/ oif[m portal gun
¤if;udk toH;k jyK&wJh pdw0f ifpm;p&m uGJjym;wJh ZmwfaumiftrsKd;tpm; class udk oH;k jyD; rwlwahJ e&mESpcf rk mS 0ifayguf
tcef;wpfckygw,f/ aorif;wref ydk; a&G;cs,f&wmu ta&;MuD;wJh qHk;jzwf eJY xGufaygufudk zGihfEdkifw,f/ eH&H? rsuf
ESmMuufeJY Murf;jyif bmrQ uGmjcm;rIr&Sd
yg/ taygufEpS af yguf b,favmuf uGm
a0;yap 'Dbufu 0ifvdkufwmeJY [dk
bufukd csucf si;f a&muf&dS jyefxu G rf ,f/
oH;k em&DMum upm;jyD;vdYk oabmt,lukd
zrf;qkyf em;vnfjyD;&if ydkjyD; tqihfjrihf
aom pdeaf c:rIrsm; yGiu fh svmygvdrrfh ,f/
twm;tqD;udk ausmfvTm;oGm;zdkYa&m
&efoludk wdkufcdkufckcHzdkY&mtwGufyg
oH;k &ygw,f/ ½d;k tDaeaom yHpk rH S cGx J u
G f
um vwfqwfopfviG af om gameplay
t&om ay;urf;ygvdrhfr,f/

{jyD? 2008 125

 (CONCEPT)

DOOR OF DECEPTION
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

vSnfhpm;jcif;\ wHcg;rsm;
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

oif [ m tjcm; dimension

twdkif; wpfckodkY 0ifvkqJqJ/ axmif
acsmufeJY wGif;ykef;rsm;omru xl;qef;
aom ae&ma'o uGJxGuf [jyJrI spa-
tial rift awG yg&Sw
d hJ dimension twkid ;f
urÇmwpfck/ Aperture Science En-
richment Center vdYk ac:jyD; PC, PS3
eJY Xbox 360 *drf;yvufazmif;awG
twGuf &EkdifwJh Portal *drf;&JU aemufcH
qufwif jzpfygw,f/ oift h m; uGmjcm;
wJh ae&mESpfckudk tuGmta0;rJh wdk;vQKd
ayguf jzwfoGm;Ekdifaom warp portals eufozG,f wyfqifay;tyfxm;r,f/ &Sio
f efvw G af jrmufa&;twGuf ulnaD y;
awG azmufzGifhEkdifwJh ud&d,mudk vuf ½lyaA'ed,mrawG aoGznfum oifh&JU vdrfhr,f/ 'D pdwfaxGjym;p&m ya[Vd
ajz&Si;f a&;*dr;f u qD,ufwjJ yify Digi-
Pen Institute of Technology rS
ausmif;om;ckepfa,muf&JU ya&m*suf
tjzpf pwifcJhw,f/
]]vlawG tm½Hpk u
kd rf v
d mum tvky&f
oGm;apcsifw,f}} *dr;f tcif;tusif; 0ef;
usif level designer Kin Swift u ajym
w,f/ ol&JUrpf&Sifu atmifjrifcJhw,f/
olwdkY&JU xl;jcm;qef;jym;vSaom con-
cept &JU 15 rdepf demo udk MunfhjyD;wJh
aemuf *drf; xkwfvkyfol Valve (Half-
life, counter Strike) &JU refae*sif;
'g½du
k w f mu tjyD;owf*rd ;f tittle tjzpf
ajymif;,lzdkY&m olwdkYudk iSm;&rf;cJhw,f/
tjcm; *E¦0if *drf;a[mif;oHk;ck (Half-

126 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 (CONCEPT)

Life 2, Episode 1, Episode 2 ) eJY Team

Fortress 2 *drf;topfwdkYudk Portal eJY
pkpnf;um Orange Box 5 in 1 *dr;f tjzpf
xkwfa0cJhygw,f/

½lyaA'ed,mrrsm; auG;nTwaf pyHk

1/ Portal upm;ol[m vufjzifh o,f
aqmifoGm;EkdifwJh Aperture Sci-
ence Handheld Portal Device
&&Sdw,f/ nDnmjyefYjyL;wJh b,f
rsufEmS jyif ESpcf rk mS rqdk wd;k vQKdayguf
wHcg; warp portals azmuf,lEkdif
r,f/
(A) eH&H? Murf;jyif? rsufESmMuufwpfck
ckrSm t0ifaygufzGifhyg/
(B) jyefxGufcsifwJh ae&mrSm txGuf
aygufzGifhyg/
2/ tcsKdUaom twm;tqD;awGudk por-
tals awG zGijhf cif;jzifo h m ausmo f mG ;Ekid f
r,f/
2A atmufMurf;jyifrSm 0ifaygufzGifh
yg/
2B a0;wJb h ufu eH&rH mS xGuaf yguf
zGifhyg/ Murf;cif;xJ ckefqif;jyD;

tcsufu ajz&Sif;csufyJ/ 4/ &efolypfcwfa&;orm;awGeJY tjcm;

oHql;cRef wGif;csKdifh&JU wpfzufeH&HrS 3A atmufwpfqifhedrfhwJh level rSm tEÅ&m,fawG z,f&Sm;zkdY&m ywf0ef;
jyefxGufyg/ 0ifaygufzGifhyg/ usif 0w¬Kypönf;rsm;rS tusKd;tjrwf
3/ pOf;pm;& tvGefusyfwJh ya[VdawG 3B oif&
h UJ ab;rSm xGuaf ygufziG yhf g/ &,lyg/
vnf; ygao;w,f/ oif rckefEkdif 0ifayguf entry point xJckefcsyg/ 4A aowåmyH;k atmufrmS 0ifaygufziG hf
avmufatmif jrifhwJh yvufazmif; oifu OD;wnfbuft& qefYusif yg/
tay: b,fvdka&mufatmif vkyf bufodkY a&GUvsm;aeaomfvnf;yJ 4B aoewfypfol txufrSm xGuf
rvJ/ ae&ma'o acGvdyfwJh warp- jyefvnf xGufay:vmwJhtcg iner- ayguf zGiyhf g/ jyKwfusvmwJh aowåm
ing rSm t[kef momentum rysuf tia u oifhudk tay:tqifhodkY wGef; u aoewfypfoludk jydKvJusapzdkY
,Gif; ravsmhyg;bJ &Sdw,fqdkwJh wifay;r,f/ vHkavmufwJh speed ygvmr,f/

{jyD? 2008 127

 (REVIEW)

1996 ckESpfrSm Nintendo u Su- acsmarGYoufompGmjzifh vdkovdk xdef; Mario [m super long jump
per Mario 64 eJY genre *dr;f trsKd;tpm; csKyfEkdifaom fluid control jzpfw,f/ ta0;MuD; ckefvdrfhr,f/ &yfae
yHkpHudk jyefvnfjyifqif owfrSwfay; wpfae&m&mudka&mufzdkY MudK;pm;aewm &if;u B udk ESdyfjyD; ckef&if
vkdufw,f/ vrf;aMumif;&Sm ckefysHoGm; r[kwfbJ tvum;ae&if;
vm&wJh platform games udk wwd, ckefayguf ajy;vTm;ae&wm
twkdif; xnfhay;í oHk;zufjrif jyKvkyf udku aysmfp&maumif;w,f/
ay;vk d u f w myg/ Gameplay t& Mario rSm txl;jyK vIyf&Sm;rI
awmfvSefazmufxGufrI jzpfcJhw,f/ xdkrS yHkpH special moves rsm;pGm
pí q,fhwpfESpftwGif; Nintendo yg&Sdw,f/ A qdkwm Mario
tygt0ifukrÜPD rsm;pGm[m 64 tm; udk ckefatmifvkyfwJh cvkwf
txl;wvnfjzpfapwJh arSmfyOövufudk r[kwfvm;/ 'gayr,fh rm&D
zrf;qkyfEkdifzdkY&m MudK;pm;cJhMuw,f/ ,d0k g&if?h orÇm&ifah wG odxm;
tcsKUd vnf; atmifjrifw,f/ tcsKUd vnf; MuwJhtwkdif; A udk rESdyfcif
us½HI;w,f/ tJ'gawGtm;vHk; xm;&pfcJh wpfpuúefY tpdwftykdif;av;
awmh/ 64 u 'D genre udk jyefvnf twkdif;rSm B udk ESdyfcJhygu
jyifqif owfrSwf
ay;wmqd&k if Ga-
laxy u ¤if;udk
jyD; jynfh pHk oGm;
atmif jyKvkyfay;
vkdufwmyJ jzpf&
r,f/

Perfect Con-
trol
rm&D,dk *drf;
wk d i f ; t wG u f
tajccH owfrSwf
csufwpfcku xdk
yk yk 0 0 ykdufjyif
orm;av;tay:

128 uGefysLwm*sme,f
(REVIEW)

{jyD? 2008 129

 (REVIEW)

aemufuRrf;ypf ckefxGufr,f/ ckefwJh

cvkwfoHk;cgqufwkduf tjrefqufESdyf
&if xyfqifx h yfqifh tjrifMh uD; ckev f u dk f
r,f/ wpfzufudk ajy;ae&if;u tjcm;
wpfzufukd jyefajy;&if yGww f u
dk f b&dwf
tkyfwJh yHkpHjzpfr,f/ eH&Hudk vSrf;ckef&if
yGwfwkdufavQmusr,f/ xdktckdufrSm A
udk ESdyf&if eH&HuefckefwJh wall jump
jzpfr,f/ eH&HESpfckMum;rSmqdk&if [kdbuf
'Dbuf ckefuefwufum tay:txd
wufoGm;vdkY &w,f/ 'D tajccH Mario
controls awG tm;vHk;u 1996 ckESpfu Amazing Visuals *drf;twGif; level tcef;wkdif;&JU
wnf;u &SdcJhwm jzpfygw,f/ a[m'DrSm jyoxm;wJh screen- tao;pdwf t&mypönf;wkdif; vHk;0 jyD;
,ck 'D Mario *drf;opfrSm ygvm shots awGu vdrfxm;wmawG r[kwf jynfhpHk aumif;rGefw,f/ tm;vHk;udk
wJh tajccHtopfu nunchuck eJY wii Muygbl;/ TV ay:rSmvnf; pmrsufESm xkxnf tckdiftrmtjzpf vSypGm 'DZkdif;
mote controls topfawGeJY oif bm tay:utwkdif;yJ aumif;Muygw,f/ qifxm;w,f/ uifr&mu oif rjrif
vkyEf idk w f ,fqw kd mygyJ/ ckeaf ewke;f b,f *drf;trsm;pkrSm art style u vSyí oifw
h hJ t&mawG jrifciG rhf ay;bl;/ 500%
wpfcu k ykd jJ zpfjzpf vIycf g&if ywfcsmvSnhf Munfah umif;onfw h idk f oifu
h kd *dr;f urÇm zoom qGMJ unfw
h thJ cgawmif 0w¬Kypön;f
r,f/ Spin u ckefwmudk enf;enf; xJ arsm0ifepfygrIrjyKatmif jyefí owd awGu yHkrSeft&G,ftwkdif; Munfhaumif;
ykjd rifah pr,f/ tjcm;wpfenf; wku d cf u
dk rf I ay;aewJh t&mav;awG&dSwwfw,f/ aewkef;yJ/
yHkpHtjzpfvnf; oHk;Ekdifw,f/ Wiimote opfyifu opf&GufawGu 2D jzpfae
wmrsKd; teD;uyfMunfh&wJhtcg tex- Genius level design
u oifhtwGuf bk&m;ay;wJhvufjzpf
tures awG qdk;0g;aewmrsKd; csKyf½dk; yxr wpfem&Davmuf upm;jyD;
vmw,f/ Screen ay:u 0w¬Kypönf;
qufaMumif;ay:aejyD; wpfcgwav awmh vG,v f eG ;f wm[m tenf;i,f pdwf
awG csdef&G,fum ukdifwG,f pDrHEkdifyg
3D object &JU twGif;ykdif;udk rawmf ysupf &mjzpfw,f/ Level awG jzwfomG ;
w,f/
wq jrif&wmrsKd; 'D*drf;rSmawmh 'Dvdk &wm½dk;w,f/&efolawG okwfoif&wm
r&Sdawmhbl;/ avjynfvdkyJ/ Boss taumifMuD;awG
usawmhvnf; tvG,fav;eJY oHk;csuf
xdjyD;avQma&m/
r[kwfyg/ tJ'Dvdk r[kwfyg/ Re-
view a&;olu yHkpHwl ,cif *drf;awG
upm;cJhwm rsm;vGef;vdkY vG,fyHk ayguf
aewmygyJ/ Wii *drf; jzpfaeayr,fh PC
ay: a&mufvmwJt h cgus&ifawmh upm;
Mu&rSmaygh/

130 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 (REVIEW)

MuD;rm;wJh level tcef; 0ef;usif? yg&Sdw,f/ Single eJY multi-player

ajcvsifwyfom;ESifh armfawmf,mOfrsm; ESpfykdif;pvHk; tm;aumif;yDjyifw,f/
wkdufyGJwdkYtay: tm½Hkpdkufjcif;tm;jzifh Designer awGu 'D FPS udk teD;
Frontlines: Fuel of War qdkwm Bat- uyf infantery combat rSonf jyif;
tlefield pD;&D;&JU ajcvSrf;twkdif;vkduf xefaom ukef;aMumif;? avaMumif;
eif;xm;aom *drf;jzpfw,f/ Devel- vehicles battles rsm;txd tm;vHk;
oper Kaos Studio udk,fwkdifu Bat- yg0ifapcsifw,f/ ajz&Si;f p&mar;cGe;f u jr§ifhwifí ajryHk&JU oD;oD;oefYoefY 0ef;
tlefield 2 udk jyKvkyaf y;cJw
h mqdak wmh xdk jrefqefaom enf;AsL[mvIy&f mS ;rI? tzGihf usiftwGif;rS action udkyJ tm½Hkpdkufap
*drf;rsm;eJY qifwlaewm rqef;yg/ odyf oabm gameplay eJY ,mOfEiS v hf ufeuf vdkw,f/ 'grS wpfa,mufa,mufudk
ra0;awmhaom tem*wfrSm urÇm&JU rsm; tm;vHk; aygif;pyfay;EkdifzdkY&m jzpf owfzdkY ajryHkay: OD;wnf&mrJh oGm;ae
aemufqHk;vufusef a&eH&if;jrpfudk w,f/ usOf;ajrmif;usyfnyfaom jrdKUjy p&m rvdo k vdk aemufxyf bmqufvyk f
xde;f csKyfzYkd Western Coalition eJY Red ajcvsifwkdufyGJrSonf MuD;rm; us,fjyefY &r,fqdkwm rSef;qaezdkY rvdkawmhrSm
Star Alliance tMum; ppfyGJtaMumif;yJ wJh oHcsyaf rmfawmf,mOf wkud yf rJG sm;txd aygh/
jzpfw,f/ pdwf0ifpm;p&m ukd,fykdif awGYMuHK cHpm;&rIrsm; pHkvifapcsifw,f/ 'gudk ajz&Si;f zdYk 'DZidk ef mawG ac:a0:
qef;opf azmufxGufrIav;rsm;awmh tzGJYtpnf;pdwf teamwork ukdvnf; azmfxw k cf w
hJ mu frontline game me-
chanic qdkwJht&m jzpfw,f/ Map
wpfckpDrSm objectives rsm; pD;&D;twGJ
vkdufjzifh zGJYpnf;xm;w,f/ Mum;aejzpf
Ekid o
f vdWk estern Coalition odYk r[kwf
Red Star Alliance wpfzufzufu ykdif
wmvnf; jzpfEkdifw,f/ 'DpD;&D; twGJ
wpfcpk u D frontline a&SUwef;a'o wpf
ckudk ukd,fpm;jyKw,f/ vuf&Sd front-
line twGif;yg0ifaom objectives rsm;
om ouf0ifvIyf&Sm;rI&SdjyD; captured
vkyfEkdifr,f/ Frontline wpfcktwGif;
objectives tm;vHk; b,fvdka&SUaemuf

{jyD? 2008 131

 (REVIEW)

tpDtpOfeYJyjJ zpfjzpf qkyu

f idk jf yD;pD;&if ydí
k
&efvadk ome,fajrtwGi;f ydí k euf½iId ;f pGm
wdk;0if a&muf&Sdr,f/ aemufxyf front-
line wpfckay:vmr,faygh/ xdka&SUwef;
front udk &efol tajcpkdufpcef;txd
wGef;ydkY&if; odrf;ykduf xdef;csKyfEkdif&if
atmifyGJ&jyD/

Objectives trsK;d tpm;awGu-

Destroy objectives &efol tajc
pku
d pf cef;twGi;f xd;k azmufjyD; ypfrw
S rf mS
azmufcaJG &;ypön;f awGqifzYkd avaMumif;
umuG,fa&;pcef;rSonf yg0g*sifea& wpfa,mufrS &efo&l UJ taxGaxG tjym; aemufxJ usnfqef0ifoGm;jcif;rS a&Smif
wmtxd &Sdr,f/ wpfzuf&efoltaeeJY jym;aom tDvufx&Gefepfypönf;awG &Sm;EkdifzdkY oifh&JUtzGJYrS apmifhMuyf Munfh
¤if;azmufcGJrIudk jyefjyifjyD;wJhtcg ob- udik w
f ,
G xf ed ;f ausmif;zdYk txdik cf s&r,f/ ½Iay;zdkY tvGefta&;MuD;ygw,f/
jective udk jyefodrf;Ekdifr,f/ odrf;,lzdkY&m uGefysLwmpcef;rSonf vufeufawGxJrSm dronetech u
j*dK[fwpk avmif;awGxd yg&Sw d ,f/ 'Dpuf pdw0f ifpm;p&maumif;w,f/ &eforl jrif
Secure objectives-
awGukd wpfMudrrf mS upm;olwpfa,muf atmif ykef;atmif;aepOf oifu wkdufyGJ
e,fajrwpfcuk kd vHjk cHK odr;f ydu
k x
f m; uom wHkYjyefqufoG,fEkdifwmaMumifh 0if ½akd bmhpuf½yk u f kd ta0;rSxed ;f ausmif;
&r,f/ 'D objective rSm squad tzGJYu tcsdeftawmfMum,l&w,f/ 'gaMumifh armif;ESií f wkud cf u
dk Ef idk w f ,f/ Drones
owfrw S u
f mvtwGi;f &efvw kd hJ tzGYJawG oifu keypad rSm ESdyfaecsdef OD;acgif; awGu wifhum;awG zsufqD;Ekdifw,f/
r&Sdatmif xdef;&r,f/ 'Dae&mrSm team- [,fvDaumfywmawG ypfcsEkdifw,f/
work u pum;ajymw,f/ Teammates
jydKifbuf&JUumuG,fa&; defense udk
tkyfpkMuD;av e,fajrwpfck secure jzpf zsufqD;EkdifjyD; trdk;ay:u pdwf taESmifh
zdkY&m trsm;MuD; ydkjrefavyJ/ t,Sufay;vGef;aom pEdkufygorm;udk
Control objectives
z,f&Sm;ypfEkdifapr,f/ upm;oltaeeJY
'D objective rSm upm;ol wpfOD; ae&mav;ae&mxd wpfjydKifwnf; &Sdae
apzdkY&m cGifhjyKw,f/ oifu squd zGJYjyD;
multiplayer upm;&if dronetech pla-
yer ukd oifhbuf &Sdaejcif;[m tjrJtm;
jzifh yg;eyfaoma&TUuGuf jzpfygw,f/
Western Coalition &JU rdk;ysH MQ
38 Hunter Drone [m wkdufyGJ0ef;usif
ü uif;axmufjyD; &efoltiftm;pk &Sd
onfh ae&mrsm;udk uk, d b hf ufom; units
tm;vHk;odkY vufqifhurf;ay;w,f/
aygufuyJG pön;f ti,fpm;av;awGygjyD;
&efoel YJ taqmufttHak wGudk ypfcwfEidk f
ao;w,f/

132 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 (REVIEW)

TC1 Tiger Claw Attack Drone

u TE1 udk tqifjh r§ix hf m;wmyg/ ½dw
k m
'vuf 'kwd,wpfpHkxyfxnfhxm;vdkY
ukdifwG,fxdef;ausmif; &ydkaumif;w,f/
ab;ESpfzufrSm a&mhuwfvTihfpOf >yef
acsmif; ajcmufckygvdkY wkduf&nfckduf&nf
aumif;w,f/ Drones awGu pGrf;tm;
xufjyD; bufpHkoHk;vdkY&ayr,fh wpfzuf
apmif;eif; rjzpfatmif wefjyefwJh enf;
awGawmh yg&Sdygao;w,f/ 'gawG[m
frontlines *drf;twGif; awGYMuHKcHpm;&rI
ydkjyD; tqifhjrifhaom drones awG &efolwnfae&mawG uif;axmufay; trsKd;rsKd; jzefYMuufay;aom mechanic
u AQ pD;&D; wku d cf u
dk af &; AQ 43, As- w,f / azmuf c G J a &;twG u f flying ,EÅ&m;rsm;xJu tcsKdUwpf0ufygyJ/
sault Drone rSm 7.62 mm minigun yg bomb vnf;jzpfw,f/
w,f/ ukd,fhbufom; wyfzGJYtwGuf
B 2, R 3
umypfay;&if; &efol infantry awG
Myanmar Info-Tech Park
wkdufckdufzdkY taumif;qHk;yJ/
Hlaing Campus, Hlaing Tsp
uwk w f u sif ; eJ Y oH c syf tum
Yangon, Myanmar
tuG,f xlxyfaom ypfrw S af wGtwGuf
(+95) 1 652264 ext:15
AQ432 Motor Drone u ppfom;awG
www.yomatechnologies.com
&JU taumif;qHk;rdwfaqG AQ431 uJhodkY
wifhum;,uf bD; twin-tread txdkif
ukdyJ oHk;w,f/ Minigun ae&mrSmawmh The Best Opportunity for You!
60 mm motor tajr§mufwyfxm;w,f/
Red Star Alliance drone buf Are you:
rSmvnf; pdwfMudKufoHk;p&m tawmfrsm;
• Interested in Computer Programming?
rsm; &Sdw,f/ TR1 Tiger Runner As-
• Good at Mathematics and English?
sault Drone [m Red Star awGbufu • A logical thinker?
taumif;qHk;aomantivehicle wea- • Energetic, motivated, and enthusiastic to learn?
• Do you have problem-solving ability?
pon/ uav;upm;p&meJY wlaumif;wl
• Commitment to continuous improvement?
ayr,f h TR1 u vuf & S d p pf a jrjyif
twGi;f b,fv, dk mOfrsKd;rqdk zsufq;D Ekid f Knowledge of Java and J2EE is an advantage but not necessary
avmufwJh aygufuGJpGrf;tm;&Sdw,f/
t&G,fvGefbD;eJY ajrodkYukyfwG,f tm; What we offer:
aumif;aom 'DZkdif;aMumifh b,fvdk
• On the Job training up to international standard in Java.
ae&mrsKd;rqdk oGm;Ekdifw,f/ • A chance to work on projects from abroad.
TE1 Tiger Eye Recon Drone • English lessons.
u t&yfom; ta0;xdef; RIC heli- • Top salaries once training completed.
copter udk rGrf;rHxm;wmyg/ a&'geJY • Profit share.
• Only applicants who are prepared to sign a contract for 3 years should apply.

{jyD? 2008 133

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Photoshop

jzwfvrf;enf;rsm;
t&mtm;vH;k jidru f somG ;w,f/ *d;k aygufxo J Ykd abmvH;k u yHpk iH ,fav;vdv
k nf; jzpfomG ;ygw,f/ 'gudk "mwfy½kH u
kd ,
f zl Ykd&m
pvd;k rd;k &Si;f eJY 0ifomG ;csed f jrifuiG ;f xJu tjcm;t&mawGtm;vH;k aps;MuD;wJh tilt-shift lens vdktyfw,f/ 'gayr,fh oifu ½dk;
a00g;oGm;w,f/ pif;aom photoshop vSnfhuGuf twwfav;eJYwifvnf;
Photoshop jzwf v rf ; enf ; u@eJ Y ywf o uf v d k Y jzpfatmif vkyfvdkY&ygw,f/
uRefawmf tjrJwrf;oGm;csifaewJh vrf;aMumif;u w&m;ao
qefaom step by step enf;vrf;awGxuf b,fvdkoabm tqihf «1»
aMumifh b,fvdk effect &atmif vkyf&ovJqdkwJh aemufcH oifh&JU"mwfyHkudk photoshop odkY scan vkyf import
taMumif;w&m; rationale awGudk yg;yg;av; [ay;csifwm oGif;,lyg/ Q udk ESdyfjyD; Quick mask mode xJ0ifyg/
ygyJ/ ,ckv wifjyr,fh shortcut u tEkynmajrmuf "mwfyHk
q&m fine-art photographers awG az;b&dwjf zpfwhJ ud&, d m
tilt-shift effect jzpfygw,f/ pdwful;MuHpnfyHku ½kyfyHkrS jywf
jywfom;om; tm½HkpkdufapvdkwJh? sharp focus jzpfapvdkwJh
usOf;ajrmif;aom tykdif;udkom olYtwkdif;xm;jyD; usefwmudk
0g;ypfzdkY jzpfygw,f/ &v'fawGuawmh txl;jyK tm½Hkpkdufap
vdwk hJ subject u xif&mS ; jywfom;vmw,f/ vIy&f mS ;rI wpfck
ckrS tvSqHk;? taumif;qHk; tckduftwefYav;udk xm0&tcsdef
twkdif;twmtwGuf qGJqefY zrf;,lvkdufovdk oufjidrfqef
oGm;w,f/ aemuf jrwfE;kd ½Icsipf zG,f scale model tao;pm;
tqihf «2»
Gradient tool (G) udk a&G;yg/ Reflected Gradient rSm
xm;yg/

134 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
tqihf «4»
Filter menu rS blur filter ay;yg/

Focus vkyfvdkwJh {&d,mrSm uvpfESdyfjyD; ½kyfyHk&JU 0g;vdk

aombufodkY drag qGJoGm;yg/

tqihf «3»
Q udk xyfESdyfjyD; mask udk tjyD;owfyg/ Selection udk
Inverse vkyfyg/

tqihf «5»
tjcm; artistic effect twGuf (Ctrl+U) eJY color cast
ay;csifay;Ekid wf ,f/ 'D effect tay:tajccHjyD; trsKd;rsKd; qyGm;
qef;opf prf;oyfMunfhyg/ enf;pepft& &Sif;vGef;ayr,fh
&v'fuawmh xl;jcm;ygw,f/ The end justify the means
qdkwJh qdk½dk; pum;twdkif;ygyJ/

{jyD? 2008 135

 Word Annoyance

pdwftaESmifht,Sufjzpfp&m Word jyóem

tcef; (3) tykdif; (2)
t*Fvdyfpm pmvHk;MuD; a&G;cs,frI tcuftcJ Fix
Annoyance þokdYjzpfaejcif;onf built-in Auto Correct entry rS
t*Fvyd pf m pmvH;k MuD; a&G;cs,fru I kd Word rS tpOfwpku
d f rdrtd wGuf copyright symbol udk tvG,w f ul xnfo h iG ;f Edik f
vkyaf ecJo
h nf/ rdrud ,
dk w f idk f a&G;cs,rf xI uf Word \ a&G;cs,f a&;twGuf vkyfaqmifay;aejcif; jzpfonf/ xkdYtwl (r) udk
rIudk vufcHae&ouJhodkY jzpfae&onf/ ½du
k , f yl guvnf; registration symbol xGuv f mrnfjzpfum
(tm) ½du k vf Qif trademark symbol xGuv f mrnfom jzpfonf/
Fix tqkdygudpörsm; rjzpfapvkdvQif Tools rS Auto Cor-
rdrdukd,fwkdif a&G;cs,frItwkdif;jzpfap&ef Auto Correct rect Options odkY oGm;um Auto Correct tab udk ESdyfvkduf&
rS tvdktavsmuf zefwD;ay;rIudk jyefvnfwm;jrpf ydwfyif rnf/ Replace box twGi;f rS (c) entry udk click vkyí f vnf;
rI jyKvkyf½Hkom &Sdonf/ ydkjyD; jrefjrefqefqef jzpfapvkdygu aumif;? With box twGif;rS copyright symbol udk click
Ctrl + Z ukd ESdyf,lyg/ odkYr[kwf Edit rSwpfqifh Undo udk vkyfívnf;aumif; jyKvkyfum Delete cvkwfudk ESdyfay;vkduf
oGm;jyD; rvkdvm;aom ajymif;vJrIrsm;udk wm;qD;Edkifonf/ &onf/ tu,fí Auto Correct rSwpfqifh copyright
Tools rSwpfqifh Auto Correct odkY oGm;um '' Capi- symbol udk xnho f iG ;f Edik af pvkad o;vQif Replace box twGi;f
talize first letter of sentences [lonft h csuuf kd box xJwiG f rdrMd udKufEpS o
f uf&m entry udk ½du k o
f iG ;f ay;Ekid o
f nf/ (Copy-
uncheck trSwftom; jyKvkyfay;&rnf jzpfonf/ tu,fí right symbol onf With box wGif qufvuf wifay;xm;yg
Word 2003 ESifh Word XP jzpfygu 'Capitalize first letter vdrhfrnf/) xkdYaemuf Add button udk ESdyf,l&onf/ Auto
of table cells' udv k nf; uncheck vkyaf y;&rnf/ (¤if;tcsuf Correct box udk OK ESdyf&if; ydwf,lvdkufEkdifygvdrhfrnf/
onf Word 2000 wGif ryg&Sday/)
tu,fí vdktyfvQif 'Capitalize names of days' udk AutoCorrect Entries rsm;udk tjcm; uGefysLwmodkY
yif uncheck trSwftom; jyay;&ygrnf/ ajymif ; a&T U , l j cif ;
'Replace text as you type' xnhfoGif;csufrsm; pm&if; Annoyance
udk scan vkyf,lum rdrd roHk;vdkaom acronyms ESifh en- rlvuGefysLwmwGif AutoCorrect list ydkifqkdifxm;&SdjyD;
tries rsm;udk delete vkyfay;&rnf/ jzpfaomfvnf; aemufuGefysLwmtopfwGif r&Sdao;ojzifh
ajymif;a&TU,l toHk;csvdkygonf/
rvdktyfaom Copyright Symbols rsm; vGwfajrmuf
vk d j cif ; Fix
Annoyance vkyfudkifaqmif&GufEkdifonfh enf;vrf;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;
Document xJudk (a) (b) ESifh (d) rsm; ½dkufonfhtcg &Sdygonf/ Word taejzifh rdr\ d AutoCorrect rsm;ukd ae&m
rnfodkYaom jyóemrQ r&Sdaomfvnf; (c) udk ½dkufonfhtcg ESpfckwGif odrf;qnf;xm;avh &Sdonf/
copyright symbol tjzpf word rS ajymif;vJypfwwfonf/

136 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
Ä rdrd\user profile twGif;&Sd Application Data\ vuf aqmif&u G af y;&ygonf/ þenf;onf ½d;k &Si;f onf?
Microsoft\ Office [lonfh folder wGif .ACL exten- odkYaomf foolproof: taejzifhrl tmr rcHEkdifay/
sion wpfcE k iS thf wl text file wpfctk xJü unformatted
AutoCorrect entries rsm;udk odkrSD;xm;onf/ (Win- vuf wkYd t nTe;f
dows Explorer twGi;f rS folder udk zGi& hf eftwGuf Start
udk a&G;jyD; Run odkY oGm;um % user profile% \Ap- tu,fí search rS Support.dot udk &SmrawGUcJhygu
plication Data\Microsoft\Office [lí pm½dkufoGif; install vkyf,l&onf/ Start rS Control Panel odkY oGm;?
ay;vkduf&onf/ xkdYaemuf Enter udk ESdyfay;&rnf/) Add or Remove Program udk zGifhjyD; Office item udk
file trnfrSm MSOnnnn.ACL jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif a&G; um Change button udk click vkyfay;vdkuf&onf/
nnnn onf rdrd toHk;csvsuf &Sdaom language twGuf jyD;vQif Add or Remove Features Option udk
code ESihf udu k n f aD prnf jzpfonf/ U.S Engilsh twGuf a&G;,l&rnf/ Office 2003 jzpfygu 'Allow advanced
code onf 1033 jzpfaomaMumifh file name onf MSO customization of application' udk check trSwt f om;
1033.ACL jzpfomG ;onf/ jyK&onf/ ¤if;atmuf wGif Word item ESifh Wizards
Ä Format vkyfxm;onfh AutoCorrect entries rsm;onf ESifh Templates item [lí qifch xJG m;onf/ More Tem-
Normal.dot twGif; odrf;qnf;xm;onf/ ¤if;onf plates and Macros ukd click vkyfum 'Run from My
rdrd\ user templates twGif;&Sdaeygonf/ (user tem- Computer' udk a&G;ay;&rnf/ þenf;jzifh installation
plate rnfonfhae&mwGif&Sdonfudkrod&Sdygu Tools udk tpDtpO fjyD;ajrmufoGm;aponf/ tu,fírsm; uGefysL
a&G;jyD; options odkY oGm;um file location tab udk ESdyf wmay:odkY installation files rsm; r&&Sdygu Office CD
vdkufygu User template udk &rnf/) \ tultnDudk ,l&rnf jzpfonf/
¤if;wdYk ukd od&jdS yD;ygu .ACL file ESihf Normal.dot wkYd ukd
copy vkyfjyD; topfuGefysLwmay:odkY oifhavsmfonfh fold- Ä Save My Settings Wizard udv
k nf; toH;k jyKEkid o
f nf/
ers rsm;jzifh vTJajymif;,lvkduf½Hkom&Sdonf/ xkdodkY vkyfaqmif (tcef; 1wGif uGeyf sLwmwpfcrk S tjcm;uGeyf sLwm ajymif;
jcif;ESiyhf wfoufí tjcm;enf;vrf;oH;k ckvnf; &Syd gao;onf/ a&TU,lyHkudk jyefvnf avhvmMunhfEkdifonf/) Location
Ä Support.dot twGif;rS AutoCorrect Backup macro rQa0&&Sd&ef Word Setting ESifh key files rsm;udk save
udk toHk;jyK&onf/ Office \ xnhfoGif;rI tjynfhtpHk vkyfjyD; topfuGefysLwmwGif restore jyefvkyfonfh
ESifhtwl yg0ifaeonfh template wpfckudk &&Sdrnfjzpf oabmyifjzpfonf/
onf/ (¤if; template onf Office folder &Sd Macros Ä Files and Setting Transfer Wizard udv k nf; toH;k jyK
folder twGif; &Sdaeapygvdrhfrnf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh C:\ Ekdifonf/ (Start rS All Programs odkYoGm; Accesso-
Program Files/Microsoft Office\Office11\ Macros ries udk a&G;jyD; System tools rSwpfqifh Files and
jzpfonf/ tu,fí ¤if;udk &SmazGrawGU&Sdygu Start rS Settings Transfer Wizard udk ac:,l oHk;Ekdifonff/)
wpfqifh Search udk oGm;jyD; &Sm,lEkdifonf/ ¤if;tay: Windows application setting udk wpfckrS wpfckodkY
wGif tajccHxm;aom document topfwpfckudk zGifh&ef ajymif;,lonfhyHkpHyif jzpfonf/
Support.dot udk double-click vkyfay;vkduf&onf/
AutoCorrect Backup cvkwfudkESdyfjyD; rdrd Auto Cor-
rect entries rsm;\ backup copy wpfck zefwD;,ljcif; vuf wkYd t nTe;f
twGuf qufvuf vrf;nTeo f nft h wkid ;f aqmif&u
G o
f mG ;
tjcm; jzpfEkdifp&m enf;vrf;rSm rdrdtvdk&Sdí odrf;xm;vdk
&rnf/ topfuGefysLwmay:wGif Support.dot ay:&Sd
aom AutoCorrect entries rsm;udk extracts vkyfxm;
document topfwpfcu k kd zGijhf yD; Auto Correct cvkwf
onfh macro wpfck zefwD;,ljcif;jzpfonf/ tao;pdwf
udk click vkyfum Restore udk click vkyfay;&onf/
vkyif ef;pOfukd tcef; (8)wGif 'Export Your AutoCorrect
þae&mwGiv f nf; Auto Correct entries rsm; jyefvnf
Entries' jzifh jrifawGUMu&ygvdrhfrnf/
odrf;qnf;Ekdifa&; vkyfief;pOf tqifhqifhtwkdif; quf

{jyD? 2008 137

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
Symbols rsm;ESifh pyg,f&S,f Characters rsm; xnhf ½dkufoGif;,lum space udk wpfcsufESdyfvdkufjyD;rS tjcm;
oG i f ; jcif ; pmvHk;udk ½dkufoGif;,l&onf/ En dash wpfckudk zefwD;
Annoyance &mwGifrl yxrpmvHk;udk½dkuf space wpfcsufcH? hyphen
Insert rSwpfqifh Symbol udk xnhf&mwGif character wpfckxnhf? aemuf space wpfcsufESdyfjyD;rS 'kwd,pmvHk;
set awG ajymif;oGm;jyD; scroll rsm;vkyf&? click rsm; vkyf&ESifh udk ½du
k of iG ;f ,l&onf/ Common fraction wpfcu k kd ½du
k f
tvkyf½Iyfaeygonf/ Symbol dialog box udk jzwfjyD; spe- oGif;&mwGif ydkif;a0udk yxr½dkuf? forward slash udk
cial characters rsm;udk tvG,fulqHk;enf;vrf;jzifh jznhfoGif; xyf½dkufjyD;rS ydkif;ajcudk ½dkufum space udk wpfcsufESdyf
,lvkdygonf/ vkdufonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh 1/2 rS 1/2 jzpfvmjyD; 3/4 rS
3
/4 jzpfvmapygonf/
Fix Ä Word wGif us,fus,fjyefYjyefY trsm;qH;k toH;k csMurnfh
vkyfenf;vkyf[ef oHk;av;rsKd; &Sdygonf/ symbols rsm;twGuf built-in keyboard shortcuts
Ä ©, ®, ™ ESifh pmcsjytrSwftom; (. . .) uJhodkYaom rsm; yg0ifxm;cJhonf/ ¤if;wdkYudk special characters
standalone symbols rsm;twGuf entries rsm; Auto tjzpf rSwf,lxm;Mu&onf/ tqkdyg startcuts rsm;udk
Correct wGif yg0ifxm;&SdjyD; jzpfonf/ ¤if;xuf ydkaom avhvmEdkif&eftwGuf Insert rSwpfqifh Symbol odkY
entries rsm;udkvnf; vkdtyfvQif xyfjznhfEkdifygonf/ oGm;a&mufjyD; Special Characters tab udk click vkyjf yD;
Insert udk oGm;jyD; Symbol udk ac:um symbol udka&G; Munhf½I ppfaq; zwf½I&onf/ ¤if;wdkYtxJrS rdrd vkdtyf
yg/ AutoCorrect button udk click vkyfjyD; Replace onfh special character udk qGJxkwf toHk;csEkdifonf/
box twGi;f entry udk ½duk o
f iG ;f ay;vku
d m OK cvkwu
f kd Shortcut wpfcu k kd ajymif;vJ&efjzpfap? Shortcut topf
ESdyfvdkuf½Hkom &Sdonf/ wpfck zefwD;&eftwGufjzpfap Shortcut Key button
udk click vkyfjyD; Customize Keyboard dialog box
vuf wkYd t nTe;f twGif; vkyfaqmif,l&onf/
Ä Word 2003 ESifh Word XP wdkY&Sd Symbol dialog box
Word rS rdrd\ AutoCorrect entries rsm;udk todtrSwf onf ''Recently used symbols'' [lonfh pm&if;wpfck
jyKay;Ekdifa&;twGuf entry wpfckqDtMum; space wpfck xm;ay;onf/ ¤if;wdkYtxJwGif rdrd toHk;jyKcJhjyD;aom
odkYr[kwf punctuation character wpfckckudk wpfck xnhf symbols 16 ckudk xm;&Sday;ojzifh ¤if;wdkYtxJrS vkdtyf
oGif;jyD;wkdif; wpfckck &Sdaeap&ygvdrhfrnf/ wpfenf;qkd onfh symbols &Sad ecJv h Qif tvG,w f ul xnho f iG ;f toH;k
&aomf 'y' udk '¥' tjzpf AutoCorrect u ajymif;vJae jyKEkdifapygonf/
aomfvnf; 'xxa' udk 'å' tjzpf ajymif;ay;Ekdifvdrhfrnf
r[kwfay/ ¤if;tpm; rSefrSefuefuef pmvHk;&&Sda&;twGuf Hard Space wpfck xnhfoGif;jcif;
AutoCorrect entry wpfck zefwD;,l&onf/ odkYtwGuf Annoyance
xkd accent rygonfh pm½kdufoGif;aomtcg AutoCorrect Departed vnf;jzpf? Late lamented vnf; jzpfjyD;
u rSefrrSef ppfaq;,l&rnf jzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh highly dedicated word processor onf hard space
'Laerdalsoyri' udk 'LaerdalsØyri' ajymif;xm;onfh en- wpfckudk xnhf,lcGifh&SdcJhonf/ Jose (hard space) Public
try wpfckudk zefwD;,l&ygonf/ [k ½dkufcJhvQif Jose ESifh Public onf wuGJwjym; cGJrxkwfap
ay/ xkod Ykd aom toGit f jyifrsKd; Word wGif rawGU&yg/ Basic
feature wpfck jzpfaeonfhwkdif cGifhjyKxm;jcif; r&Sdyg/
Ä Word \ AutoFormat As You Type feature rS em
dashes wkdY en dashes wdkYESifh common fractions wkdY Fix
uJhodkYaom type symbols rsm;udk rMumcPqkdovdk Word onf tqkdyg feature udk vkyfudkifay;ygonf/
tpm;xkd;ay;onf/ Em dash wpfckudk zefwD;&ef hy- okdYaomf xkdodkY vkyfudkifaqmif&Gufjcif;udk 'nonbreaking'
phens ESpfckudk pmvHk;ESpfvHk;tMum; spaces rcHapbJ spaces [k ac:qkd oHk;pGJcJhonf/ (Nonbreaking space udk

138 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
½dkuf&ef Ctrl+Shift+ Spacebar wkdYudk wGJ½dkuf,l&ygonf/
tu,fí xkdodkYaomtwGJ wGJzdkYudk arhavsmhaecJhygu Insert
rS Symbol odkY oGm;jyD; Special Characters tab udk click
vkyfjyD; Nonbreaking Space item udk &Sm,lEkdifygonf/

vuf wkYd t nTe;f

Word onf nonbreaking hyphens udkvnf; cGifhjyKxm;
ay;ygonf/ ¤if;udk &,lvkdygu Ctrl + _ udkwGJ&efom vkd
tyfonf/ þae&mwGif Ctrl onf undersore key jzpfae
aponf/

Nonbreaking space onf punctuation marks rsm; acwfpm;vmOD;rnfh c&D;aqmif y&ifwmav;rsm;

cif;jyxm;jcif; r&Sdu normal spaces taeeJY ay:xGufvm
onf/ (Standard toolbar ay:rS Show/ Hide button udk 'pf*spfw,fuifr&mrsm;udk toHk;rsm;vmonf/
click vky& f onf/) odYk r[kwf display spaces udk ESyd &f onf/ taysmfwrf; c&D;xGufolrsm;twGuf r&dSrjzpfoHk;ypönf;rsm;
(Tools rS Options udk a&G;jyD; View tab udk ESdyfum Space jzpfvmonf/ odkY&mwGif "mwfyHkrsm;udk csufcsif;
bar wGif check jyKvkyaf y;&onf/) Space onf dots taeeJY xkwfr&Edkifyg/ jrdKUjyefa&mufrS 'pf*spfw,f "mwfyHk
ay:xGufvmonf/ Nonbreaking space onf 'D*&DtrSwf ul;qdkifrsm;odkY ydkY&onf/ 'gudk pdwfr&Snfolrsm;twGuf
toHk;jzifh Figure 3-9 twkdif; xGufay:vmonf/) c&D;aqmify&ifwmav;rsm;u ulnDay;ygvdrfhrnf/
Zink Imaging Inc.([email protected]) ukrP Ü rD S
y&ifwmav;u 2_3 vufrt&G,f yHki,fuav;rsm;udk
xkwfay;ygrnf/ y&ifwmwefzdk; a':vm 100 jzpfonf/
Sony uvnf; DPP-FP35 uJhodkY portable photo
printer udk rdwfqufxkwfvkyfxm;onf/ uifr&mESifh
wkduf½dkuf csdwfqufjyD; 300× 300dpi ESifh 16.7 million
colour t&nftaoG; "mwfyHkom;udk xkwfay;Edkifonf/
vuf&m rayrnpfatmif? aea&mifrpm;atmif
super coat jzifh umuG,fay;xm;onf/ ydkYpuwf
t&G,fjzpfí ck½dkufck,l "mwfyHkorm;rsm;tMudKuf
awGUEdkifonf/ wefzdk;u a':vm 100 0ef;usifom
jzpfonf/ Seiko \ DPU-3445 Hand Held Thermal
Printer uvnf; yHkrSefpm&Gufwpf&Gufudk rifteufa&mifjzifh
½dkufEdSyfay;Edkifí ukrÜPD0efxrf;ESifh vkyfief;&Sifrsm;twGuf
a&muf&mt&yfwGif ½Hk;pdkufEdkifonf[k wifpm;Edkifonf/
Figure 3-9 Lithium Ion bufx&Dudk oHk;xm;onf/
pmvH;k ESpv
f k;H twlwuG &Sad eap&ef nonbreaking odkYr[kwf wefzdk;u a':vm 260 jzpfonf/ Canon \
hard space udk toH;k jyK&onf/ Nonbreaking space udk BJC-80, BJC-85 Portable printer rsm;uvnf;
'Dvdk trSwftom; jyKay;xm;onfukd awGU&rnf/ 4_6 vufrt&G,f "mwfyHkrsm;udk xkwfay;Edkifí
pOf;pm;zG,fjzpfaeonf/
qufvufazmfjyygO;D rnf/

{jyD? 2008 139

Photoshop Tutorial

tqifh (1) tqifh (3)

aemufcH ½kyyf zkH iG jhf yD; Type tool (T) eJY vd&k m Layer 1 ouf0ifqJrSm Layers palette u
pmom; ½du k x
f nhyf g/ Text Layer tvkv d dk ay:yg pmom; Layer thumbnail tuGufay: Ctrl +
w,f/ jynfwiG ;f rSmu PS udk version tjrifah wG Click ESy
d í
f Selection ac:,lyg/ Ctrl + Back-
yJ udkifMur,fvdkY ,HkMunfxm;jyD;om;yg/) space ESdyfí tjzLa&mifeJY jznfhyg/

'D tutorial rSm

zefom;xnf
tvif;ayguf
pmvHk;yHkpHrsKd;
vkyfMunfhMur,f/
aemufcHtwGuf
tqifh (2)
½kyfyHk
Layers palette u create a new layer tqifh (4)
(odkYr[kwf) button udk ESdyfjyD; Layer topf jyKvkyfyg/
(odkYr[kwf Shift + Ctrl + N) D udk ESdyfjyD; Filters > Blur > Gaussian Blur eJY blur
texture Alt+Backspace ESdyfí Layer 1 (topf)udk tenf;i,f ay;yg/ Ctrl + D ESdyfí selection
teufa&mifjznfhyg/ jzKwfyg/
wpfrsKd;rsKd;
vdkygr,f/

140 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 tqifh (5)

oifh&JU½kyfyHkudk aemufjyefoHk;zdkY psd zdkiftaeeJY oD;jcm;

wpfck save as eJY As a Copy odrf;yg/ Oyrm- (glass.psd)

tqifh (6)
tay:qHk; Layer rSm rsufpdrSdwfjyD; cPazsmufxm;yg/
Background Layer udk Ctrl + J ESdyfjyD; yGm;yg/ Text layer
&JU txufrSm xm;yg/

tqifh (8)
atmufu Text Layer eJY tay:u background copy
tMum; jcm;xm;wJh rsOf;tay: Alt + Click ESdyfí clipping
group zGJUyg/

tqifh (7)
Filters > Distort > Displace odkY oGm;yg/ ay;xm;wJh
default setting awGtwdkif;yJ OK udk uvpfESdyfyg/ ay:vm
wJh Open/Save dialogbox rSm glass.psd a&G;zGifhvdkufyg/

{jyD? 2008 141

Photoshop Tutorial
tqifh (9)
atmufu pmom; text layer rSm Bevel and Emboss
layer effect ay;yg/ Setting awG jyxm;ay;ygw,f/

'D tutorial yDjyifzdkY&mu aemufcH Background tay:

rlwnfygw,f/ pdwfMudKuf&jyD;wJhtcg Text Layer uaejyD;
Layer Move tool eJY vdk&m a&TUEkdifygw,f/

tqifh (10)
Shadow ay;csif ay;Ekdifw,f/

tqifh (11)
Displaced Layer &JU blending mode udk screen odkY
ajymif;yg/

142 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

0if;'dk;Apfpwm ed'gef;
A PROLOGUE TO WINDOWS VISTA

tydkif; (2) tcef; (8)

Getting Online and in Touch

tcsKdYaom uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKolwkdYonf tifwmeuf csdwfquf
toHk;jyKrIudk optional taeeJY pOf;pm;xm;wwfMuonf/ odkY&mwGif
0if;'kd;ApfpwmtwGufrl mandatory tqifheJY toHk;csapzdkY vdkvm;p&m
jzpfae&onf/ toHk;jyKjcif; rjyKjcif;onf rdrdtwGuf tcGifhtvrf;
oabmrsKd; xm;&rnhfoabmxuf pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf; jy|mef;csuft&
rjzpfrae vkyfp&m obm0rsm; yg&Sdvmonf/ Install vkyfaepOfrSmyif
0if;'dk;ApfpwmrS tifwmeufqDodkY qufoG,faeavawmhonf/
tifwmeufqufoG,frI &Sdr&Sd ppfaq;jyD;onfESifh 0if;'kd;ApfpwmrS
rdrduGefysLwmudk tcsdefwkduf,la&;twGuf EId;aqmfay;jyefonf/ wcsKdU
aom aphaqmfrIrsm;wGif ppfrSefrIudk tav;xm;csufrsm; yg0ifaeonf/
0if;'kd;ApfpwmrS Microsoft ESifh twl rdrd install vkyfaom aqmhzf0J
y½dk*&rfonf cdk;ul;acG [kwf r[kwfudk ppfaq;,lEkdifonf/
,ckwifjy&rnfh tcef;u@wGif tifwmeuf toHk;csrI udpöt00
rsm; yg0ifaeygvdrhfrnf/ tifwmeufwGif raumif;aom? qkd;0g;aom
ywf0ef;usifrsm; &SdaewwfyHkudkvnf; awGUjrifMu&rnf/ Virus rsm;?
spyware rsm;? hijackers rsm;ESihf tjcm;tjcm;aom uyfyg;yHp k jH yK taESmifh
t,Surf sm;ukd rnfoYkd a&Smif&mS ;&rnfuvkd nf; od&edS m;vnfciG &hf Ekid o
f nf/
Internet Explorer onf tifwmeufukd rmwDr' D,
D m r*¾Zif;toGio f Ykd
vnf;aumif;? Windows mart udk rdrd\ udk,fa&;ukd,fwm pmwdkufyHkpH
taetxm;odkY vnf;aumif; ajymif;a&TU cHpm;cGifh jyKygvdrhfrnf/
¤if;twGuf 0if;'kd;Apfpwmu tcrJh aqmif&GufcGifhjyKygvdrhfrnf/

{jyD? 2008 143

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
Cruising the Web Ä cvkwfwpfck odkYr[kwf tjcm; page wpfckqDokdY tvdkvdk
,aeYacwfwGif vltrsm;pktaejzifh w,fvDzkef;vdkif;rsm; a&mufomG ;aprnfh Link wpfct k ay: axmuf,u l m click
udk toHk;jyKMuonfhenf;wl tifwmeuftoHk;csol ta& vkyf,ljcif;
twGuf &SdvmjyD jzpfonf/ tifwmeuftwGif;rS &,lEdkifp&m Ä Code words pDumpOfum &Sdaeaom Web address
rsm;jym;vSouJo h Ykd aysmaf rGUp&mrsm;vnf; ydrk w
kd ;dk wufvmcJjh cif; rsKd;udk Web browser \ Address box twGif; ½dkuf
aMumifh vltaygif; pka0;aysmfarGU&m ae&mopftjzpf Cyber- oGif;,ljyD; Enter udk ESdyf,ljcif;
space [k owfrSwfvmMu&onf/ Ä Browser \ toolbar ay:wGif navigation buttons
Web ESifh qufoG,fEkdifa&;twGuf uGefysLwmwpfvHk;? rsm;udk toH;k csí click vky, f jl cif; (¤if;wdYk onf Screen
Web browser wpfck? modem wpfckESifh Internet service \ xdyyf ikd ;f wGif &Sad erSm jzpfaMumif; Figure 8-1 twkid ;f
provider (ISP) wpfckwdkY tenf;qHk; vkdtyfaeygvdrhfr,f/ jrifawGUEkdifonf/
rdrdwGif uGefysLwm&SdjyD; 0if;'kd;Apfpwmudk xnfhoGif; yxrqH;k enf;vrf;rSm taumif;qH;k jzpfonf/ Web
vnfywfxm;wm jzpfygu Internet Explorer [kac:aom page 'DZkdifemrsm;onf tvGefaumif;aom zefwD;
Web browser wpfck tqifoifhjzpfaeygvdrhfrnf/ xkdYtwl csufrsm; &SdaeMuonf/ tcsKdUaom cvkwfrsm;onf
,aeYacwfoHk; uGefysLwmawmfawmfrsm;rsm;wGif built-in standard elevator buttons rsm;ESifh wlaejyD; tjcm;cvkwf
modem wpfck yg&Sdxm;jyD; jzpfaewwfygonf/ rsm;onf fuzzy dice vdkvdk? tiny vegetables vdkvdk azmfjy
odkYtwGuf uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKol trsm;pktwGuf ISP aewwfonf/ odkY&mwGif cvkwfwpfckudk ESdyfvdkufonfESifh
wpfck &SmazG&efom vdktyfygvdrfhrnf/ ISP wpfck &&Sda&; browser rS tqkdygcvkwfESifhywfoufonfh ae&mqDodkY ac:
twGuf EdkifiHa'otvkduf yHkpHtrsKd;rsKd; &SdEkdifonf/ tcsKdU EdkifiH aqmifoGm;ay;onf/ Fuzzy dice av;qkdvQif Local casi-
rsm;onf Yellow Pages rSwpfqifh &SmazGqufoG,f,lEkdif nos twGuf betting-odds sheet awG wufvmapouJhodkY
onf/ tcsKdUEdkifiHrsm;onf tifwmeufqufoG,fa&;ESifh vegetables qkdygu Local Farmer's Market rS owif;
aMu;eef;qufoG,fa&; 0efMuD;Xmersm;rSwpfqifh ar;jref; tcsuftvufrsm;qDodkY ykdYaqmifay;ygvdrhfrnf/
pHkprf;jyD; &,lEkdifMuonf/ xdkYtwl telephone provider rnfoYkd yifjzpfap uGu J jGJ ym;jym; r&Svd aS om Internet
rsm;xHrS DSL internet service &Ekdifrnfavm? Cable pro- Explorer buttons tay: armufpf\ pointer
vider rsm;xHrS Cable Internet Service &Ekdifrnfavm av;rS vuf&Sd jzpfaeaom udpöudk jrifompGm jyo
ponfjzifh csOf;uyfEkdifp&m enf;vrf;rsm;vnf; &Sdaewwfyg ay;ygonf/
ao;onf/
½kyfjrifoHMum; tpDtpOfrsm;udk avxJuvmwJh signals Sending E-mail
rsm;tm; zrf;,ljcif;jzifh tcrJ&h Ekid Mf uaomfvnf; Web twGi;f tu,fí Outlook Express udk toHk;jyKaecJhygvQif
vSnhfvnf Munhf½IcGifh&a&;twGuf ISP tm; tcaMu;aiG ay; Windows XP \ e-mail program udk wJGvsuf&Sdaernf
aqmif&ygvdrhfrnf/ txl;ojzifh password wpfckESifhtwl jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf Windows Mail ESifhtwl cHpm;cGifh&Ekdif
account name twGuf ISP ay;aqmif&rnf/ rdrduGefysLwm onf/ y½dk*&rfESpfckvHk;rSm twlwljzpfonf/ Menus awG
\ moderm rS rdrdtoHk;jyKrnfh ISP \ uGefysLwmrsm;udk wpfxyfwnf; wlnDoavmuf &SdaeaMumif; awGUjrifMu&ay
cswd q
f ufrad omtcg Internet Explorer onf tvdt k avsmuf vd r h f r nf / Windows Mail onf Outlook Express
rdrd\ password ESifh account name udk jznhfpGufcdkif;apEkdif ta[mif;tm;vHk;udk import vkyfay;Ekdifonf/ Accounts
rnfjzpfjyD; Web twGif; vSnhfvnfMunhf½I&ef tqifoifh rsm;? Contacts rsm;ESifh e-mail rsm; tm;vHk;udk vufcH
jzpfoGm;apygawmhonf/ aqmif&Gufay;onfhoabm jzpfonf/ rdrd\ Windows XP
Browser tm;vHk;\ tajccHvkyfaqmifyHkrSm twllwlyif system ay: Vista udk upgrate vkyfxm;½dk;rSefvQif Win-
jzpfMuonf/ Web page wdkif;onf aetdrfvdyfpmawG xm;&Sd dows Mail onf tvd k t avsmuf qk d o vd k tqk d y g
ouJhodkY oD;jcm;vdyfpm ukd,fpD &SdaeMuonf/ Internet Ex- ta[mif;rsm;udk import vkyfxm;jyD; jzpfaeygvdrhfrnf/
plorer pages rsm;tMum; rwlnDaom enf;vrf;oHk;ckjzifh Figure 8-1 wGif jrifawGU&ouJhodkY Windows Mail
a&GUvsm;aponf/ Screen udk ½IjrifEkdifonf/ rdrd e-mail udk columns ESpfckcGJí

144 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
Table 8-1 Navigating with Internet Explorer's Buttons

cvkwf tvkyfoabm vkyaf qmifcsuf

aemufodkY axmuf,l&if; click vkyfí a&SUqufMunhf&m tqHk;odkY a&mufoGm;jyD;
aemuf aemufjyefoGm;&ef vrf;nTefrI jzpfonf/ aemufqHk;a&mufae&mrSm
aemufwpf&Guf aemufwpf&GufoGm;rnfhtpm; tcsdefukef oufompGmjzifh
rlvtpMuD;qkdodkYvnf; oGm;Ekdifonf/

a&SUokdY jyD;cJhaompmrsufESmudk jyefMunhfjyD; csufcsif;a&muf&Sdaeaom pmrsufESmudk

jyefoGm;Ekdifaponf/

Favorites rsm; &Sd&modkY t0ga&mifMu,fav;udk click vkyfjcif;jzifh Favorites Center qDodkY

a&muf&SdoGm;Ekdifonf/ rdrdtMudKufqHk; Web sites rsm; pkpkpnf;pnf;jzifh
Links rsm;udk pm&if;vkyfxm;aom ae&mjzpfonf/

Favorites rsm; xyfxnhf&ef t0ga&miftaygif;vu©Pmtp&Sdonfh oauFwonf vuf&Sd jrifawGU

Munhf½Iae&aom Page tm; Favorites pm&if;uJhodkY xnhfoGif;,lEkdifonfh
cvkwfjzpfonf/

rl&if;ae&modkY tifwmeuftwGif; vSnhfvnfMunhf½I&if; vuf&SdMunhf½Iaeaom Page

rsm;udk ausmfjzwfí rl&if;ae&m browser qDodkY jyefoGm;Ekdifaponhf
cvkwfjzpfonf/

RSS feed rD;cdk;a&mifcvkwfav;ay:wGif vdar®mfa&mifay:vmaomtcg tqkdyg site

onf RSS (Really Simple Syndication) cGifhjyKxm;onfjzpfaMumif;
odvdkufEkdifonf/ wu,fwrf; vnfywfjcif; r&Sdaomfvnf; site \
acgif;pOfrsm;udk tjrefqHk;enf;vrf;jzifh zwf½IcGifh &Ekdifonf/

yHkESdyf&ef tqkdygcvkwfudk click vkyfvkdufygu rdrd jrifawGUae&aom Web site

udk yHkEdSyfay;ygvdrfhrnf/ ab;rS jrm;ao;ao;av;jzifh preview
rsm;tygt0if printing options rsm;udkvnf; &,lEkdifao;onf/

Page þ options onf vuf&Sd page ESifhom ywfoufaernf jzpfonf/

Oyrmtm;jzifh text size rsm; MuD;apvdkjcif; odkYr[kwf file wpfcktaejzifh
saving vkyfvkdjcif; ponfh tcGifhtvrf;rsm;udk qkdvkdonf/

Tools þ options onf Internet Explorer \ menu tjynfht0udk

zGifhjyay;ojzifh &Edkifavmufonfh tcGifhtvrf;tukefudk
cif;jyay;ygvdrhfrnf/ Pop up blocker udk csdefnd§jcif;? phishing
taESmifht,Sufrsm;udk ppfxkwfjcif;ESifh tjcm; vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk
vkyfcGifh&Ekdifonf jzpfonf/

{jyD? 2008 145

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
jyoay;xm;onf/ Folder bufjcrf;onf b,fb,fjcrf;jzpf (qufvuf rxm;&Sdvdkaom items rsm;udk axmufí
í rdrd\ e-mail rsm;udk odrf;qnf;odkrSD;jcif;? &SmazGjcif;rsm; right-click ESdyfum delete udk a&G;cs,fESdyf,ljcif;jzifh
tvdktavsmuf jyKvkyfay;Edkifonf/ nmbufjcrf;wGifrl rdrd pm&if;rS y,fzsuf,lEdkifonf)
e-mail rsm;ESifhtwl tinker rsm; jrifawGUEkdifonf/ Ä Deleted Items - Deleted Item rS folder rsm;onf
Windows Mail \ Recycle Bin taejzifh wm0ef
xrf;aqmifay;onf/ tu,fírsm; rawmfwq z,f&mS ;
xm;rdaom items rsm; jzpfaeygu jyefvnfauuf,l
retrieve vkyfEdkifcGifh &Sdygonf/ ¤if;wdkYtxJwGif&Sd folder
rsm;xJrS vHk;0toHk;rvdkawmh[k taotcsm rSwf,ljyD;
aom item rsm;udk right-click vkyf,lvdkufjyD; xGufvm
aom pop-up menu rS Delete udk a&G;cs,f ESdyf,lum
tjyD;tykdif z,fxkwf,lEkdifygonf/
Deleted vkyfxm;jyD; mail rsm;udk twGJvdkuf
odrf;qnf;xm;vkdygu Tools menu rS Option
udk a&G;um ¤if;twGif;&Sd Advanced Tab udk ESyd jf yD;
Fig: 8-1 b,fbufjcrf;ay:wiG f rdr\
d folders rsm;udk Maintenance button udk click vkyfvkduf&onf/ Box
cif;jyxm;jy;D folder's contents udk select vkyv f ukd ½f kH twGi;f &Sd Deleted items Folder on Exit Empty mes-
jzifh tqkyd g mail ESihf ywfouforQukd preview tjzpf sage ukd a&G;,lEkdifonf/ tm;vHk;udk vHk;0 y,fzsufawmh
jrifawGEU idk yf gonf/ rnf qkdygu Edit udk click vkyfjyD; &Sif;xkwf,l&efom
&Sdonf/
Windows Mail xJrS folders rsm;onf baskets xJrS Ä Drafts - rdro d nf e-mail wpfapmifukd jyifqifaeqJjzpf
orm;½dk;us vkyfief;pOftwkdif; tm;vHk;vkyfukdifEkdifonfhtjyif jyD; tqHk;rowf&ao;pOfumvwGif tqkdygpmom;rsm;
memos rsm; a&G;cs,fa&;twGufvnf; qGJxkwf,lEkdifonf/ udk qufvuf wnf&Sdaeapao;vdkvQif e-mail \ File
atmufyg folders twGi;f rS Window Mail onf rdrt d wGuf menu rS Save ukd a&G;cs,fay;vdkuf&onf/ xkdtcg
information udk tvdt
k avsmuf qGxJ w
k &f mS azG a&G;cs,af y;Ekid f ¤if;pmonf jyefvnf vkyfudkifvdkonfhtcsdefwGif tqif
onf/ oifhtaetxm;jzifh Draft folder odkY ajymif;a&TUoGm;yg
Ä Inbox - tifwmeufudk rdrdqufoG,fonfhtcg Win- vdrhfrnf/
dows Mail onf rnfonfh e-mail udkrqkd zrf;qGJ,lí Ä Junk E-mail - xyfcgwvJvJ yg&Sv d maom mail rsm;udk
Inbox folder twGif; ae&mcs odrf;ay;xm;onf/ Windows Mail rS junk mail tjzpf jyqkad y;avh&o dS nf/
Broadband Internet connections wpfck wyfqifxm; rouFmp&m mail rsKd; jzpfyguvnf; tqkdyg folder
onfh yDpDrsm;ay:wGifrl Windows Mail onf rdepf 30 xJwGif xnhfay;xm;avh &Sdonf/
jynhrf w
D idk ;f mail topftwGuf ppfaq;rI jyKavh&o dS nf/
odkYr[kwf toolbar ay:&Sd Send/Receive cvkwfrsm;ay: rnfonfh folder \contents udkrqkd jrifawGUvdkvQif
tcsdefra&G; click vkyfum ppfaq;,lEdkifonf/ ¤if;udk click vkyfvdkuf½Hkom &Sdonf/ oufqkdif&m contents
Ä Outbox - Message wpfckudk ydkYvTwfjcif; odkYr[kwf rsm;onf Preview pane atmufwGif ay:xGufvmrnf
jyefMum;jcif; jyKvkyfonfhtcg Windows Mail onf jzpfonf/
tifwmeufukd csufcsif; csdwq f ufvu kd jf yD; ydYk &ef MudK;pm;
avh&Sdonf/ csdwfqufrdjyD;vQif Windows Mail rS Setting up your e-mail account
vufcHrnfholxJodkY ydkYvTwfrI jyKay;awmhonf/ Windows Mail twGi;f e-mail udk vufc,
H &l eftwGuf
Ä Sent Items - rdrday;ykdYxm;orQ e-mail wkid ;f onf tjrJ jzpfap? ay;ydYk &eftwGujf zpfap rdrw
d iG f vkt
d yfcsuf oH;k ck &Sad eyg
wrf;pm&if;0if rSwfwrf;tjzpf jyKpkxm;&Sday;onf/ vdrhfrnf/ ¤if;wdkYudk ISP rS &EkdifcGifh&Sdonf/ rdrdtrnf? rdrd\

146 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Exactly What do I need to send and receive e-mail ?

rnfoYl xo H Ykd jzpfap e-mail udk Windows Mail ESit
hf wl Ä Your message
ay;ydkYvkdvQif atmufyg tcsufoHk;csuf &Sdaeap&rnf/ E-mail twGif; pwif jyifqif,lonfhtcg yxrqHk;
e-mail address udk ½dkufoGif;jyD; pmudk,fwGif rdrd½dkuf
Ä An e-mail account vdkaom taMumif;t&mrsm; xnhfoGif;½dkufESdyf,l&onf/
qufvufwifjyrnfh tcef;u@wGif rdrd e-mail ac- tm;vHk; jyD;pD;oGm;aomtcg Send button udk ESdyfay;
count ESifhtwl Windows Mail udk rnfokdY set up vkdufonfESifh Windows Mail rS rdrdydkYvTwfvdkaom
vkyf&rnfudk azmfjyay;ygrnf/ ISP trsm;pkonf rdrd ae&mta&muf vrf;aMumif;jyKay;ygvdrhfrnf/
twGuf tcrJh e-mail address wpfckudk ay;avh&Sdonf/ E-mail address udk rdrdrdwfaqG\ business card wGif
yg0ifaeygvdrhfrnf/ Web sites rsm;wGifvnf; return ad-
Ä The e-mail address for your friend or foe dress rsm; ygavhygx &Sdygonf/ tu,fí e-mail udk
rdryd Ykd ay;rnfh e-mail vufcrH nfo
h \
l address udk OD;pGm jyefvnf ajzMum;ay;ydkYcsuf jzpfygu Windows Mail u
od&x dS m;jyD; jzpf&rnf/ Address wpfcwk iG f toH;k jyKol\ tvdktavsmuf contacts address udk pm&if;ESifhwuG azmfjy
trnf (tcsKdUonf rl&if;trnfudk azmfjyavh&Sdonf/) ay;ygvdrhfrnf/
¤if;aemufwGif @ [laom oauFwav; yg&SdrnfjzpfjyD; tu,fíe-mail address \ wpfpw d w f pfa'o rSm;,Gi;f
@ aemufydkif;rSm rdrday;ydkYol toHk;jyKaom ISP \ aeygu tqkdyg message onf rdrd\ukd,fykdif Internet
trnfwpfckck yg&Sdavh&Sdonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh America twGif;odkY jyef0ifvmwwfonf/ Undeliverable message
Online toHk;jyKoljzpfjyD; trnfrSmJeff 9435 qdkygu wGvJ suf yg&Sv
d mrnf jzpfonf/ xkt d cg rdryd Ykd &ef a&;om;vdu
k f
address wGif Jeff 9345@ aol.com [lí jzpfaeygvdrhf aom address rSeu f efr&I rdS &Su
d kd ppfaq;&ayawmhrnf/ xyfrí H
rnf/ (Local post office obm0ESihf rwlonft h csurf mS vTJajymif;ay;rI rjyKvkyfygu address trSefukd &&ef w,fvD
pmvHk;aygif; rSm;,Gif;jcif;udk vHk;0 vufcHaqmif&Gufay; zkef; qufar;&efom &Sdawmhonf/
avh r&Sdjcif;yif jzpfonf/)

password ESifh working internet connection wpfckwkdY jzpf xkdae&mwGif e-mail [laom icon udk rawGU&ygu All
onf/ (tu,fí rdrd\ internet account atmifjrifpGm set Programs rS wpfqifh Windows Mail udk click vkyf
up vkyjf yD;cJv
h Qif tqkyd g oH;k ck tvkv
d kd jynfph jkH yD;om; jzpfaeyg ac:,lEkdifonf/ xkdtcg Figue 8-2 wGif jyqkdxm;
vdrhfrnf/) ouJhodkY rdrd\ e-mail vkyfaqmif&m ae&mudk awGUjrif
toH;k jyKolawmfawmfrsm;rsm;onf e-mail address wpfck &ygvdrhfrnf/
xuf renf; &Sad ewwfygonf/ xkYd twl ISP \tcrJah y;aom tu,fí tvdktavsmuf xGufay:rvmcJhygu Win-
account wpfckckvnf; &&Sdxm;jyD; jzpfaewwfonf/ rnfodkY dows Mail udkzGifhí Account udk Tools menu rS
aom account udkrl atmufyg tqifh(6)qifhjzifh set up axmuf,l a&G;cs,fum Add button udk click vkyf,l
jyKvkyf,l&rnf jzpfonf/ &onf/ ¤if;rS E-mail Account udk a&G;cs,fjyD; Next
udk click vkyf,lygu Figure 8-2 twdkif; ay:xGufvm
1/ Windows Mail wGif rdrd\ Internet account udk Set onf/ xkad e&mwGif rdr\
d e-mail account udk xnfo
h iG ;f
up vkyjf cif;? zGi,
hf jl cif; &ef tqifoifh jzpfaejyD jzpfonf/
yxrqHk; set up vkyf&ef vdktyfonf/ odkYr[kwfu
tifwmeufrS rdrx d o H Ykd ta&mufyYkd Eidk v
f rd rfh nf r[kwaf y/ 2/ rdrt
d rnfukd ½du
k o
f iG f;í Next udk click vky, f jl cif;
yxrqHk;tMudrf Windows Mail udk ac:,l&ef Start rdrd e-mail \ From box twGif; tjrJwrf;ay:vmrnfh
menu rSwpfqifh ab;abmifay:wGif jyqkdxm;onfh trnf jzpfonf/ vltrsm;pkonf rdrd\ ukd,fydkiftrnf
windows mail udk ac:,lvdkuf&onf/ tu,fí udk Figure 8-2 twdik ;f ½d;k &Si;f pGm ½du
k o
f iG ;f ,lavh &So d nf/

{jyD? 2008 147

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
5/ rdrd account name ESihf password udk jznho f iG ;f jy;D click
vkyjf cif;
rdrd account name qkdonfhae&mwGif rdrd address
wGif yg&So d nf/ @ ta&SUbuf pmvH;k rsm;jzpfjyD; ¤if;twGuf
rdrday;xm;aom password udk twdtus jznhfoGif;
ay;&onf/ Remember Password box wGif tqifh
qifh aqmuf,l &&SdEkdifonf/
Table 8-2 E-mail Settings for Popular ISPs
Service E-Mail Incoming Outgoing
Type Mail Server Mail Server
Google Gmail POP3 pop.gmail. smtp.gmail.
com com
Fig: 8-2 yxrqHk;tMurd f Load vkyf,l&mwGif
America Onlie IMAP imap.aol. smtp.aol.
Windows Mail onf rdrd e-mail account tm; (AOL) com com
set up vky&f ef cGiahf y;vmygvrd rfh nf/
Yahoo! POP3 pop.mail. smtp.mail.
yahoo yahoo
3/ rdr\
d e-mail address udk ½du k o
f iG f;jy;D Next udk click
vkyf,ljcif; tu,fí internet provider rS oD;jcm; requests jyKvkyf
trnf @ oauFwESifh rdrd ISP wdkY yg0ifonf/ Oyrm cJhvQifom Secure Password box wGif ppfaq;Munhf½I
tm;jzifh Jeff 4265 onf charternet.com [lonfh ISP ,lEidk o
f nf/ (Oyrm Yahoo twGuq f v
dk Qif vdt
k yfonf)
trnfjzifh toHk;cs,lygu rdrd address onf Jeff
Finishing up your AOL account in Windows Mail
4265@ charternet.com [lí E-mail Address Bar
wGif ½dkufoGif; vdkuf½Hkom &Sdonf/ tqifh (6)ck jyD;pD;oGm;onfw
h idk f Windows Mail twGi;f
ü AOL account udk setup vkyf,l&ef atmufygtwkdif;
4/ rdr\
d server type ESifh t0iftxGuf mail servers \ &Sdaeygao;onf/
trnfukd ½duk o
f iG f;jy;D Next udk click vky,
f jl cif; 1/ Windows Mail's Tool menu rS Accounts udk a&G;,l&
þae&mwGif rdrt d aejzifh rdr\
d e-mail account twGuf rnf/
0efaqmifrIay;aom server trsKd;tpm;udk odxm;&ef 2/ Properties udk a&G;jyD; Servers tab udk click vkyfum
vdkonf/ POP3, IMAP odkYr[kwf HTTP [lonfh AOL account zefwD;cJhyHkudk a&G;cs,f&onf/
udk;½dk;um;&m; pmvHk;rsm; &Sdaernf/ ¤if;twGuf ISPs 3/ My Server Requires Authentication check box udk
rsm;onf tqkdyg handy setting rsm;ESifh vkyfief;pOf click vkyfí Apply udk ESdyfay;vkduf&onf/
nTefMum;csufrsm;udk pmwkdufrS ay;ydkYavh &SdMuonf/ 4/ Advanced tab udk ESdyf&rnf/
tu,fírsm; tqkdyg pm&Guf aysmufqHk;cJhonf&Sdaomf 5/ Outgoing Mail (SMTP) box wGif 587 [laom *Pef;
ISP's tech site udk 0ifa&mufí vnf;aumif;? ISP's udk ajymif;,ljyD; Apply udk ESdyfvkduf&onf/
web support udk ac:qkdí vnf;aumif; server \ 6/ IMAP udk click vkyí f IMAP Server box ay:&Sd Store
trnfESifhtrsKd;tpm;udk jyefvnf &,lEkdifonf/ Tab Special Folders rS check trSwu f kd z,fxw k jf yD; click
8-2 wGif azmfjyxm;ouJhodkY a,bk,s qefqef in- vkyf&onf/
formation udk &,lxm;&rnf jzpfonf/ 7/ Apply udkESdyfjyD; OK udk click vkyfí close udk qufEydS f
Google \ G-mail, AOL ESihf Yahoo! wdYk tm;vH;k onf vdkuf&rnf/
My Sever Requires Authentication [lí trSwf Mail Server rS download folders vky& f ef ar;jref;vmcJh
tom;jyKxm;aom box rSwpfqifh &&SdEkdifonf/ onf&Sdaomf Yes wGif ESdyfay;vkduf&rnf/

148 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
6/ Finish udk click vky,f jl cif; toH;k jyK&eftwGuf disposable e-mail account zefw;D
aemufqHk; Finish udk click vkyfvdkufonfESifh Win- ,l&ef tcrJhcGifhjyKjcif; jzpfonf/ Spam rsm; taESmifh
dows Mail ay:wGif e-mail rsm;udk vufcHonfjzpfap? t,Suaf y;onft h cg ¤if;udk delete vkyjf yD; topfwpfck
ay;ydYk onf jzpfap tvkyv
f yk Ef idk &f ef tqifoifh jzpfomG ;jyD csufcsif; zefwD;,lEkdifonf/
jzpfonf/ Windows Mail ESifh tvkyfvkyfudkif&mwGif Ä rdrd\ favorite email account udk default account
tjcm; handy hints rsm; &Sdaeygao;onf/ jzpfaeap&rnf/ okdYrSom rdrday;ydkYorQ email wkdif;wGif
return address ygoGm;vdrfhrnf/ Default account
Finishing up your Gmail account in Windows Mail csdefwG,f&ef Account udk Tools menu rS a&G;um
rdrd\ Gmail account udk setup vkyfjyD;onfhaemuf rMumcP toHk;csonfh account udk click vkyfjyD; Set
Windows Mail ESit
hf wl qufrvkyu
f ikd rf D extra hoops tcsKUd as Default button udk ESdyf,lvdkuf&onf/
udk vkyf&ef vdktyfygonf/ E-mail ydkY&mwGif uoDvifw rjzpfap&ef setting
1/ rdrd e-mail account udk jrifawGU&ef Windows Mail rsm;udk back up vkyfxm;&rnf/ Tools menu rS
\ Tools menu rS Account udk a&G;ay;vdkuf&onf/ Account udk a&G;jyD; rdrd\ account's name udk
2/ rdrd zefwD;cJhaom Gmail account udk a&G;jyD; Proper- click vkyfvkdufyg/ rdrdxH account information udk
ties rSwpfqifh Server tab qDodkY qufoGm;ay;&onf/ IAF (Internet Account File) wpfct k jzpf save vky&f ef
3/ My Server Requires Authentication wGif check Export button udk ESdyfay;&onf/ rdrd Laptop's \
trSwftom; jyay;um Apply udk ESdyfvkduf&onf/ mail program odkYr[kwf rdrd mail twGif; tqkdyg set-
4/ Advanced tab udk ESdyf&onf/ ting udk jyefvnf input vkyfay;&ef Tools menu rS
5/ Outgoing Mail (SMTP) atmufwGif&Sd This Server Account udk a&G;jyD; Input udk a&G;cs,fay;vdkuf&yg
Requires a Server Connection (SSC) udk check onf/
trSwftom; jyKay;&onf/ qufvufazmfjyay;ygO;D rnf/
Incoming mail port wGifvnf; 995 udk ajymif;ay; OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,&f )D
vdkuf&onf/
6/ Outgoing mail (SMTP) field wGifrl 465 xnhfay;&
onf/ [Jvdk - cspfpzG,f upfwD
7/ Apply udk ESdyf? OK udk click vkyfu close udk ESdyfay;
vkduf&onf/ t&G,fi,fjyD; uav;upm;p&mozG,f cspfp&m Kitty u
oifhtwGuf ta&;ay:oHk;Edkifonfh ypönf;wpfcktjzpf
toHk;0ifapygrnf/ 126 *&rfom av;jyD; Sanrio
Ä tu,fí setting rrSefcJhvQif okdYr[kwf tvkyf rvkyfcJh
(www.sanrio.com) \ Kitty gadget av;u
vQif ajymif;vkyfEkdifrnfh tcGifhtvrf;rsm; &Sdaeygonf/
qJvfzkef;rsm;twGuf
Tools menu rS Account udk a&G;í rdrd tweaking
recharger jzpfonf/ LED
vkyf&ef vdktyfonfh account trnfay:wGif double -
rD;oD;oHk; "mwfrD; jzpfonf/
click vkyfay;vkduf&onf/ tqkdyg tqifhonf Win-
AM/FM a&'D,dk jzpfonf/
dows Mail pm&if;rS account trnfrsm;udk ajymif;vJ&m
ta&;ay: tcsufay;
wGifvnf; toHk;csEkdifonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh rlv½kd;&Sif;
ud&d,muav;vnf;
aom Yahoo tpm; pop.mail. yahoo [k ajymif;vJwef
jzpfonf/ oHvkduftdrfajr§mif
aumif;onf/
wpfcktjzpf oHk;Edkifonf/
Ä tcsKdUaom ISPs rsm;onf rdrdudk rwlnDaom email
9 AdkY bufx&DESifh USB
5cktxd zefwD;,lapwwfonf/ rdrdtaejzifh online
contact udk oHk;xm;ygonf/
twGuf sing up vkyfonfhtcgwGifaomfvnf;aumif;?
temporary forms rsm; jznfhpGuf&mwGifvnf;aumif;

{jyD? 2008 149

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Effect 11: Using Video Effects

to Animate Adobe Illustrator Type and Graphics

,ckoifcef;pmwGif Illustrator xJwiG f pmom;ESihf yHrk sm; zefw;D 5/ File > save udka&G;í Title Type emrnfjzifh odrf;xm;
jyD; premiere xJwGif vIyf&Sm;rIwpfck jyKvkyfyHkudk avhvm&rSm ay;yg/
jzpfygw,f/
6/ File > New jzihf pm&Guftopfwpfck xyf,lay;yg/
yxrOD;qHk;taejzifh Adobe Illustrator xJokdY 0ifay;yg/
7/ Tool box xJrS Star tool udka&G;í pmrsufESmwGif click
1/ File > New jzifh pm&Guftopfwpfck ,lyg/ ESdyfyg/ usvmaom box rS points wGif 8 ½kdufxnhfí
Ok wGif click ESdyfyg/
2/ Tool box xJrS Pen tool udk a&G;yg/ Fill color udk No
Color ESifh Strok Color udk Black a&G;í yHkpH 8/ Filter > Distort > Zig Zag udk a&G;yg/ Size wGif 5 pt
rsOf;auG;wpfck qGJay;yg/ ESifh Ridges per segment wGif 75 ½kdufxnhfí OK
wGif click ESdyfyg/

3/ Tool box xJrS Path Type tool udk a&G;yg/

4/ qGJxm;aom rsOf;auG;tpwGif click ESdyfí 'computer
Journal Production' vkdY ½kdufxnhfay;yg/ pmom;
tenf;^trsm;tay: rlwnfí size ajymif;vJMunhfyg/

9/ Filter > Distort > Twist udk a&G;yg/ Twist dialog

box wGif Angle wefzkd;udk 1200 ½kdufxnhfí OK wGif
click ESy
d yf g/

150 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
14/ File > New > Color Matte udk a&G;yg/ Dialog box
xJrS tjzLa&mif (#FFFFFF) ukad &G;í OK jzifh xGuyf g/

15/ Project panel xJrS color matte file udk video 1 track
xJokdY qGJxnhfxm;yg/

10/ File > Save udk a&G;í Graphic emrnfjzifh odrf;xm;

ay;yg/
11/ Adobe Premiere Pro xJokdY0ifí Project topfwpfck
,lay;yg/
12/ File > import jzifh Illustrator xJwGif zefwD;xm;aom
title type.ai ESihf Graphic.ai file wkYd ukd ac:xnhaf y;yg/

13/ titletype file udk video 3 track ESifh Graphic file udk
video 2 track xJokdY qGJxnhfxm;ay;yg/
16/ Window > Show Effects udka&G;í Effects window
udk zGifhay;yg/ Effect Window xJrS Stylize folder
udkzGifhí Strobe Light Video Effect udk video 3 track
ay:&Sd pmom;ay:odkY drag qGJxnhfay;yg/

{jyD? 2008 151

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
17/ Timeline xJrS video 2 track &Sd graphic.ai wGif click 22/ General ae&mrS File Type wGif Microsoft AVI udk
ESdyfyg/ a&G;yg/ ab;buf&Sd List box xJrS video wGif click
ESdyfyg/ Compressor ae&mwGif Divx trsKd;tpm;udk
18/ Effect Window xJrS Distort folder udk zGifhyg/
a&G;yg/ OK wGif click ESdyfyg/ Save wGif click ESdyfí
19/ Bend effect wGif click ESdyfí video 2 track xJ&Sd movie wpfck xkwfyg/ extension rSm avi jzpfí codec
graphic.ai ay:okdY drag qGJxnhfay;yg/ rSm divx format tjzpf &&Sdvmygrnf/

rSwcf suf/ / Divx format toHk;jyK&eftwGuf computer

xJwGif Divx instraller udk install vkyfxm;&ygrnf/

rsK;d rif;xGe;f

uGefysLwm*sme,f
trSwf 197(c)? 33-vrf;
ausmufwHwm;jrKd Ue,f? &efuek fjrKd /U
zke;f - 387305

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

ESpfpOfaMu;oGif;í rSm,lvkdygu
20/ Play button ESdyfí preview Munhfay;yg/ File > Save
wpfEpS pf mtwGuf
jzifh project file udk odrf;xm;ay;yg/ Divx format jzifh
avi file wpfck xkwfMunhfygr,f/ ukd,fwkdifxkwfpepf 14500
21/ File > Export > Movie udka&G;yg/ usvmaom dialog tdrt
f a&mufypYdk epf 15500
box rS settings button wGif click ESdyfyg/

152 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

ud,
k f 0,fvu
kd w
f hJ pD'u
D b,fuvm

Q uRefr&JU uGefysL vdkY&oGm;jyD/ Drive E: xJu

wmrSm Photoshop CS eJY Folder wpfcu k awmh r&ao;
CS2 yg oGi;f vdYk r&bl; jzpfae bl;/ aus;Zl;jyKjyD; software
ygw,f/ Install vkyfjyD;vdkY emrnfa&;ay;yg/
zGifhMunhf&if Activate On-
line vkyyf gvdYkyJ ajymaew,f/ A orD;&JU tar;udk
jyD;&if ydwfoGm;a&m/ b,f rajzrD 'DrSma&mif;aewJh uGef
tacG 0,foGif;oGif; tJ'DvdkyJ ysLwmoHk; pD'DawG taMumif;
jzpfaew,f/ PhotoshopCS, udk oabmavmuf ajym&
CS2 udk ajymwmyg/ tJ'g atmif/ tJ'D Adobe Photo- twGuf twlwlom jzpfyg aemuf tajzu Adkif;&yfpf
tacG a &mif ; wJ h q d k i f u ul ; shop CS2 onf 0,f & if w,f/ aumfyDyGm;olrsm;u aMumifhvdkY ajzvdkufygawmh
a&mif;wJh tacGudk register Ed k i f i H r sm;tay: rl w nf j yD ; crack zdkif odkYr[kwf keygen r,f/ tifwmeufu wpfqifh
rvkyfvdkYayghaemf/ Online rSm a':vm 400 rS 700 0ef; zdkifqdkjyD; zefwD; xnhfay;um www.isoft.ygn.com udk zGihf
download qG J c sif w ,f / usif usoifhygr,f/ wdkYawG tqdyk g crack odYkr[kwf key- jyD; iRepairMan.exe od k Y
b,f site rSm download qG&J r0,fEikd b f ;l qdyk gawmh/ aemuf gen rS serial number, reg- r[kwf iRepair Man.zip
r,fqdkwm a&;ay;yg/ aemuf qH;k awmh aps;tvGef oufom istration code, activate zdik u
f &kd ,lo;kH Munhyf g/ vuf&Sd
virus tacG b,f t acG wJh aumfyDpD'Drsm;udk rvTJ code ponfwdkYudk &,lEdkifyg tm;jzifh BitDefender, kas-
aumif;vJqdkwm ajymjyyg/ ra&Smifom oH;k aeMu&wmyg/ w,f/ t ck o rD; ar; wJh persky eJY ESET Nod32 wdkY
uRefrpufrSm&dSwJh virus u rl&if; pD'Drsm;rSm serial num- ar;cGef;twGuf Photoshop onf 2008 ckESpf a&G;cs,frI
CD drive zGifhvdkuf&if tay: ber ? register code ponf CS 0,f&if crack zdkifygwJh rSm a&SUu ajy;aeygw,f/
rSm hide jzpfaewJh folder wdkYudk oD;jcm; xnfhay;yg tacGqdkjyD; ar;0,fyg/ In- orD; uGefysLwmodkY 0ifxm;
av; &dSw,f/ bmeJYowf& w,f/ 0,f wJh ol om od stall vkyw
f t
hJ cg crack (key- onfh Adkif;&yfpfonf b,fvdk
r,fqdkwm a&;ay;yg/ tpu atmif puúLtdwf odkYr[kwf gen) udk t&ifzGifhjyD; serial Adkif;&yfpftrsKd;tpm;rSef; rod
qdk folder deleting awmif uyfcmG puúLrsKd;eJY taotcsm number udk &,lxnfhvdkuf EdkifvdkY rnfonfh anti-virus
r&awmhbl;/ aemufydkif; vi- ay;vdkufwmyg/ yg/ Install vkyfjyD;vdkY acti- aqmhzf0Jonf taumif;qHk;
rus shampoo eJY scan vkyf aumfyD pD'Drsm;rSm serial vate vkyfcdkif;&ifvnf; tJ'D jzpfw,fqdkwm ajymzdkY cufyg
wmrSm My Documents xJ number udk ray;Edi k yf g/ &&if keygen udk oHk;jyD; vkyfEdkifyg w,f/
u Folder awGuawmh jzwf vnf; aumfyD pD'D tm;vHk; w,f/

{jyD? 2008 153

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
pum;vH;k u qef;qefjym;jym; toHk;jyKjyD; uGefysLwmxJu bl;vdkY Mum;&ygw,f/ ta&;
ta&;MuD;wJh tcsuftvuf MuD;wJh vkyfief;awGrSm oHk;ae
Q uGefysLwm r*¾Zif; A Pod onf ,aeY rsm;ud k cd k ; ,l w ,f q d k w J h MuwJ h uG e f y sLwmtcsKd U rS m
wpftkyfrSm pod slurping acwfay: iPod vdk rD'D,m t"dymÜ ,fyg/ acwfay: ypön;f USB port quf o G , f r I u d k
qdw
k hJ pum;vH;k udk awGUvku
d rf d ypön;f i,frsm;udk qdv
k w
kd myg/ rsm;onf t&G,ftpm; i,f ydwfxm;wwfMuygw,f/ odkY
ygw,f/ tJ'g tbd"mefrmS &Sm USB card, USB drive jyD; zGufo,fEdkifwmjzpfvdkY jzpf í pod-slurping &J U
awmh slurping onf [if; ponf t&G , f i ,f i ,f e J Y tcsuftvufrsm;udk cdk;,l&m t"dyÜm,fudk ]]Pod uJhodkY rD'D
&nf aomuf&mrSm w½Iyf½Iyf tcsuftvufawG trsm;MuD; rSm oHk;aeMuw,fvdkY qdkyg ,moH;k ypön;f i,fav;awGukd
jrnfwmvdkYyJ awGU&ygw,f/ xnfhEdkifwJh uGefysLwmoHk; w,f/ tcsKUd Edik if rH sm;rS ukrP
Ü D oHk;jyD; tcsuftvufrsm;udk
jzpfEdkif&if ¤if;pum;vHk;&JU ypönf;av;awGvnf; tyg MuD;awGrSm ½Hk;cef;xJudk tqdk ckd;,ljcif;}} vdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/
t"dymÜ ,fukd &Si;f jyay;apvdyk g t0if qdkygawmh/ ¤if; c&D; yg udk,fydkif ypönf;i,fawG
w,f/ aqmif ypö n f ; i,f r sm;ud k ,lvmwm? oHk;wmudk cGifhrjyK

pepfukd 0ifjy;D ajymif;w,fqw

kd m tEÅ&m,f &dyS gw,f tem32 zdv
k 'f gxJoYkd xnfx
h m; (sysdm. cpl) zdkifudk &Smyg/
ay;yg/ Oyrmtm;jzifh 1, 2, 3 zdkvf'gESifh zdkifaygif;rsm;pGm &dS
Q Control Panel > xm;yg/ ¤if;yHo
k nf rMuD;ap& [lí jzpfygw,f/ aeí pdwf&SnfpGm &Sm&ygvdrfh
System &JU System Prop- yg/ Pixels vnf; tawmf - Resource Hacker ukd run r,f/ A to Z tpOfvdkuf &Sm
erties (dialog box) rS m enf;&ygr,f/ Oyrmtm;jzifh vdkufyg/ ¤if;aqmhzf0Judk run Edkifygw,f/ sysdm zdkifudk
udk,fydkifyHk wifxm;csify g uRefawmhf yHkonf 120x167 &mrSm ResHacker zdkvf'gxJ awGUvQif uvpfEdSyfí zGifh
w,f/ ukrÜPDwpfckrSm olwdkY pixels, 0.4x0.557 inches, u ResHacker zdkifudk wdkuf vdkufyg/
ud, f m;wm 300 resolution qdkygawmh/
k yf ikd f logo eJY vkyx ½du
k f uvpfvyk f run &ygr,f/ - aemuf x yf Resource
awG U vd k Y yg/ a&;jyay;yg aemufyHkrsm;udk .BMP jzifh - Resource Hacker \ Hacker (box) ay:vmygr,f/
cifAsm;/ wnfaqmufxm;yg/ File > Open rSwpfqifh Look ¤if;\ menu rS Bitmap > 1
- tqdkyg ajymif;vdkonfh yHk in: wGif System32 zdvk 'f gudk > 1033 udk uvpfEy Sd f zGiyhf g/
A yHkajymif;zdkY&m vkyf rsm;udk vG,fulwJh trnfrsm; zGifhyg/ Windows logo yHk jrif&yg
Edkifygw,f/ enf;enf;awmh ay;jyD; Windows > Sys- - ¤if; zdkvf'gtwGif; sysdm r,f/
tao;pdwfygvdrfhr,f/ vkyf
&if; tqifhrSm;&if odkYr[kwf
tqifrajy&if pepfukd xdcu kd f
EdkifvdkY owdxm; vkyfapvdkyg
w,f/
- yxrqH k ; Resource
Hacker (Angus Johnson,
http://rpi.net.au~ajohn-
son /resourcehackeajohn
son @rpi.net.au) qd k w J h
aqmhzf0Judk &Smyg/
- wifvdkwJh yHkudk MudKwif jyif

154 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
- Action > Replace vkyfoGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ vkyfief;
Bitmap... udk qufjyD; Edy S yf g/ pOfu xGufvdkufyg/ jyD;&if
jrifuGif;rS Open file with System Properties udk zGifh
new bitmap... cvk w f u d k Munfhyg/
zGifhyg/ ¤if;wGif replace r[kwf
- apmapmu xnfhxm;wJh wJhtwGuf System (icon)
.BMP yHkwpfyHkudk a&G;cs,f ESpcf k ay:aeygr,f/ ta[mif;
vd k u f y g/ ¤if ; yH k u d k zG i f h j yD ; eJY topfqykd gawmh/ 'Dvkd yHu
k kd
aocsmvQif Replace cvkwf tpm;xd;k ajymif;xnfEh ikd o
f vdk
udk EdSyfvdkufyg/ pmom;rsm;? vdk*dk? bmom
- jyD;vQif box udk ydwjf yD; jyef pum; ponf w d k Y ud k v nf ;
xGuyf g/ xdt k cg Resources ae&majymif;jyD; xnfhEdkifyg
have been Modified, do w,f/ ¤if;twGuf vkyif ef;pOf
you wish to save chan- name:) ay;&efrSm sysdm. Munhfyg/ rvdktyf&if ¤if; tenf;i,f ½IyfaxG;vdkY ra&;
ges? [k ar;ygvdrr hf ,f/ Yes cpl jzpfayr,fh pdwfr&J&if zdkifudk zsufvdkY &atmifyg/ awmhyg/
udk EdSyf&ygr,f/ trnf (File sysdm2.cpl vdkY ajymif;ay; sysdm. cpl qdk&if replace

vd k Y od x m;ygw,f / ¤if ; qdkif&m vdktyfcsufudk odcsif

t&G,fwlayr,fh formatrwlMu wJh DVD awGyg
0ufbfqdkuf vdyfpmrsm;udk ygw,f/
odvdkygw,f/ jrefrmEdkifiHrS pd;k rif;cefY (rd;k ukw)f
Q 1/ aps;uGufrSm wD;xm;onfh VCD eJY data jrefrmbmomeJY a&;wifxm;
½dk;½dk; DVD eJY DVD9 Zmwf CD awGukd wjcm;ol zGiMhf unhf wJh 0ufbfqdkufvdyfpmawGudk A 1/ DVD csyfrsm;
um;awG ay:aeygw,f / vdkY r&atmif password oHk; odvdkygw,f/ onf t&G,t f pm; wlMuaomf
¤if;wdkY&JU enf;ynm uGmjcm; jyD; ydwx f m;csiyf gw,f/ qdv k kd jrefrmbmomeJY a&;wif vnf; wnfaqmufykH format
csufudk odvdkygw,f/ uRef wmu VCD odkYr[kwf data xm;wJh Photoshop lesson rwlMuyg/ aemufu eHygwf
awmfudk,fwdkifvnf; MudKuf CD udk uGefysLwmeJY jzpfap? eJY e-books awG &dSygovm;/ udk capacity tjzpf tMurf;
ESpfoufwJh AD'D,dkZmwfum; tdrfoHk; VCD atmufpufeJY 0ufbfqdkufvdyfpmudk odcsif tm;jzifh rSwf,lEdkifygw,f/
rsm;udk DVD9 uJhodkY wpfacG jzpfap zGifhvQif password ygw,f / jref r mbmomeJ Y Oyrmtm;jzifh DVD5 onf
wnf ; eJ Y od r f ; qnf ; csif y g awmif;apcsifwmyg/ xdkenf; a&;jyD; ynm&yfqikd &f m wjcm; 4.7GB ? DVD9 ESihf DVD10
w,f/ ¤if;enf;vrf;rsm;udk ynmrsKd;udk uGeyf sLwm aqmhzf e-books awG &d S & if v nf ; onf 8.75 GB ponf qdkyg
odvdkygw,f/ 0Jo;kH jyD; zefw;D csiyf gw,f/ jyK vdyfpm odvdkygw,f/ awmh/ xdkuJhodkY format rsm;
2/ uGefysLwmjzifh DVD9 vkyfEdkifwJh aqmhzf0JrsKd; &dSyg ¤if;wdkYudk tifwmeufodkY uGmovdk udk,foHk;r,fh drive
tacGrS Zmwfum;rsm;udk Munhf ovm;/ b,fvdk download vkyf& rSmvnf; oufqikd &f m format
vdkygw,f/ 5/ uRefawmfonf photo r,f qdkwm&,f? acrobat rsm;udk support vkyaf y;Edik w
f hJ
3/ VCD, data CD awG&JU editing (Photoshop) ud k reader oHk;jyD; zwfzdkY&,fudk function yg&ygr,f/ odkYjzpf
copy protection enf;ynm avhvmaeqJ jzpfygw,f/ ajymjyay;yg/ í armif&if odrf;xm;csifwJh
taMumif;udk us,fus,fjyefY tifwmeufrSm Photoshop 6/ uRefawmf[m uGefysLwm AD'D,dkZmwfvrf; pkpkaygif;
jyefY odvdkygw,f/ eJY ywfoufwJh tutorial, les- 0if;'dk;pfpepfawGeJY oufqdkif onf 8GB &dS r,f qdk &if
4/ uRefawmf udk,fwdkif zef son eJY e-books awG &dSw,f &m 0if;'dk;pf&JU hardware ydkif; DVD9 udk oHk;Munhfyg/ ¤if;

{jyD? 2008 155

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
twGuf format ajymif;ay;wJh copy restriction vdkYvnf;
aqmhzf0JawG trsm;MuD; &dSyg a&;Muygw,f/ ¤if;twGuf
w,f/ Oyrm uGefysLwmxJ &Sif;atmif a&;jyEdkifzdkY&m MudK;
u AD ' D , d k format onf pm;aeqJ jzpfygw,f/
mpeg jzpfae&if mpeg to 4/ ud, k wf ikd f zefw;D xm;onfh
DVD software rsK;d udk oH;k jyD; VCD eJY data CD awGudk
DVD csyftjzpf odrf;xm;Edkif wjcm;ol zGifhMunhfvdkY r&
ygw,f/ DVD eJY ywfoufvYkd atmif password oHk;Edkifay
DVD- A, DVD+VR, HD r,fh ¤if;onf ,aeYwikd f yDjyif
DVD ponf trsKd ; tpm; atmif rvkyfEdkifMuao;yg/
rsm;pGm tjydKifxkwfvkyfaeMu VCD, CD rsm;udk tvG,f
ygw,f/ wul zGirhf &atmif MudK;pm;ae
Edik af tmif enf;vrf;trsK;d rsK;d eJY foreverspace.com.mm
2/ uGefysLwmjzifh DVD9 Muovdk &atmif zGifhEdkifzdkYudk
ydwfxm;jcif; qdkygawmh/ onf xif&Sm;ygw,f/ 'gay
tacGrS Zmwfum;rsm;udk Munhf vnf; wpfzufu MudK;pm;ae
(1) twGuf Lock Folder XP r,fh uGefysLwmeJY ywfouf
&ef oufqdkif&m format rsm; MuqJ jzpfygw,f/ armif&ifh
uJhodkY aqmhzf0JrsKd;udk oHk;jyD; jyD; jrefrmbmomeJY a&;xm;
udk taxmuftul jyKay;xm; taeeJY rjzpfrae ydwfcsif&if
pD'cD syfxuJ zdv k 'f g? zdik rf sm;udk wJ h ebooks rsm; rawG U &
onhf DVD drive ESihf player enf;vrf;ESpfrsKd;udk oHk;Edkifyg
ydwfxm;Edkifygw,f/ oavmufyg/
aqmhzf0J vdkygr,f/ w,f/ (2) twGuf CD-DVD Lock 6/ 0if;'dk;pfpepfrsm;&JU hard-
3/ Copy protection enf; (1) CD csyfxJu zdkvf'grsm;
uJhodkY aqmhzf0JrsKd;udk oHk;Edkif ware ydkif;qdkif&m vdktyfcsuf
ynmonf tvGef us,jf yefYyg udk password eJY ydwfxm;
ygw,f/ CD udk aumfyu D ;l &ef udk wpfckcsif; azmfjyay;Edkif
w,f/ Copy prevention, jcif;eJY (2) CD udk aumfyrD ul;
pDpOfvdkufwmeJY CD drive &ef pmrsufESm tcuftcJ &dS
aysmufaewmrsKd;eJY CD rqHh aeygw,f/ ,ck Windows
DVD5 4.7GBA single-sided. single layer
atmif capacity tvGefMuD; XP twG u f system re-
(120 minutes) audio and video data
note: supported by DVD+R/RW and DV w,fvdkY jyaewmrsKd; awGUzl; quirement vd k t yf c suf u d k
R/RW format ygw,f/ oD;jcm; aqmhzf0Jrsm; azmfjyay;vdkufygw,f/
DVD9 8.54GB single-sided, dual-layer ESifh a&;om;jyKvkyfxm;wm - Intel Pentium/Celeron
(four hours) audio and video data jzpfvdkY rnfuJhodkY a&;om;Mu family or AMD K6/
note: DVD-RW and DVD+RW do not
support DVD9
onfudk rodyg/ Athlon/Duron family
official name: DVD-R DL and DVD+R DL 5/ tifwmeufrSm Photo- - processor clock speed
DVD10 8.75GB double-sided, single layer shop eJY ywfoufwJh tuto- 300MHz or higher
note: supported by DVD+R/RW and rial, lesson, e-books rsm; - 128 MB of RAM
DVD-R/RW format udk zwf&ef 0ufbq f u
kd rf sm;pGm - hard disk space 2 giga-
DVD14 12.33GB (tqifrajyí roHk;awmhyg) &dSaeygw,f/ uRefawmfwdkY bytes
DVD18 15.9GB double-sided, double layer
note: supported by DVD+R format
ukefatmif r&SmEdkifao;yg/ - super VGA (800x600) or
HD DVD 20GB ¤if;twGuf oD;oefY a&;ay; higher resolution video
vuf&dS toHk;rsm;aom format rsm;rSm DVD5, DVD9, ygr,f/ pD'D ta&mif;qdkifrsm; adapte
DVD10, DVD18 wdkY jzpfMuygonf/ uGefysLwmwGif zGifh&ef rSmvnf; ¤if;oifcef;pm pD'D - CD-ROM or DVD drive
oufqdkif&m format rsm;udk taxmuftul jyKay;xm;onfh csyfrsm; twGJvdkuf &dSygw,f/ wdkY jzpfygw,f/ bmyJjzpfjzpf
DVD drive vdkygrnf/ DVD player (atmufpuf) rsm;wGif jrefrmbmomeJY a&;wJh pmtkyf system requirements
function tjynfhtpHk ygwwfí uGefysLwmxuf ydkjyD; zGifh& rsm;udk pkaqmif;azmfjyay;wJh
vdt
k yfcsux
f uf ydak vaumif;
tqifajyjcif; jzpfonf/ 0ufbq f ukd x
f rJ mS awmh www. avyg/

156 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

pkaygif;pyfaygif; w,f/ tckrS wpfzef jyefvnf awG U &ygw,f / b,f v d k

qef;opfvmwJh pum;vH;k jzpf trnfay;&r,frodwJh odkY
ygw,f/ Gizmos vdkYvnf; r[kwf trnfajymzdkY arhaewJh
Q uGefysLwmeJY ywf jcm;wJ h t½k y f r sm;? topf oHk;Muygw,f/ pufypönf;vdkYvnf; a&;xm;
oufwJh r*¾Zif;pmtkyfawGrSm tqef ; ypö n f ; rsm;? aps; Widget udk tbd"mef ygw,f/ ,aeY uGefysLwm
Gadget eJY Widget qdkwJh oufomjyD; toHk;0ifonfh ta[mif;rsm;rSm ]]ao;i,fwhJ e,fy,frSm GUI widget,
pum;vHk;awG? yHkawG? t½kyf ud&d,mrsm;eJY trsm; pdwf0if pufypönf;}} vdkY jyefxm;wm Widget toolkit, Widget
awG tjrJawGUae&ygw,f/ pm;zG,f ypönf;rsm;eJY pufydkif; engine, web widget, Ap
b,fvdk t"dyÜm,feJY ac:qdk qdkif&m odkYr[kwf tDvuf ple Mac OS X Dashboard
a&;om;aeMuw,fqdkwmudk x&GefepfpepfoHk; ud&d,mrsm; Widgets, Google Gadg
&Sif;jyay;yg/ udkvnf; gadget [k ac:Mu ESpv f zYkd ,
G f
ets, Microsoft Windows
gadget
ygw,f/ tJ'D gadget qdkwJh Live /Vista gadgets, Op
A Gadget (**suf) pum;vHk;udk 1850 jynfhESpf wpfck era Widgets, Yahoo Wid-
onf vk y f i ef ; wpf c k c k u d k rsm;uwnf;u oHk;cJhwmyg/ gets qdkwJh pmvHk;rsm;udk awGU
oD;jcm; vkyaf qmif&eftvdYk imS oabF m om;awG u ol w d k Y ae&ygw,f/ bmyJjzpfjzpf
&nf&G,f wnfaqmufxm; trnfrac:wwfwhJ odYkr[kwf gadget udk widget vdkYvnf;
onfh ypön;f wpfcck k odYkr[kwf trnfarhaewJh pufypönf; ajymvdkY &ygw,f/ ¤if;wdkY&JU
ud&,d m wefqmyvmwpfcu k kd tao;pm;awGudk Aef;pum; t"dymÜ ,ftao;pdwu f kd tcsdef
qdkvdkonf/ wpfcgwpf&H xl; tjzpf ajymMuw,fvdkY qdkyg &&if a&;ygr,f/

ud,
k f oH;k aewJh Windows version (regedit) odYk 0ifyg/ xdYk aemuf
twGif; PaintDesktopVer-
HKEY_CURRENT sion udk &Smyg/ PaintDesk-
Q 0if;'dk;pf desktop stry xJrSm 0ifjyD; jyifEdkifyg _USER\ControlPanel\Desk topVersion udk armufpf nm
rSm uRerf oH;k aewJh Windows w,f/ ¤if;twGuf Start > top udk tqifhqifh zGifhyg/ uvpfEdSyfjyD; Modify udk zGifh
XP version udk jyxm;apvdk Run... uae registry editor ¤if ; \ nmbuf j rif u G i f ; yg/ ay:vmaom Edit D
ygw,f/ uRefr oH;k aewJh 0if; WORD Value wGif Value
'dk;pf pD'Dcsyfu rygwmvm;/ data: wefzdk;udk 1 odkY ajymif;
b,fvdk Windows XP ver- ay;vdkufyg/ OK udk EdSyfjyD;
sion rsKd;udk 0,foHk;&rnfudk jyefxGufum uGefysLwmudk
odvdkygw,f/ restart jyefvkyfyg/ Desktop
wpfae&mwGif vuf&dS oHk;ae
A vuf&dStm;jzifh onfh Windows XP ver-
Windows XP udk aumfyD sion ud k jrif a e&ygr,f /
orm;rsm;u yHkpHrsKd;pHkeJY jznfh tcsKUd aom 0if;'d;k pfpepf tcsyf
wif; a&mif;csaeMuvdkY ver- rsm;wGif install vkyfjyD;wmeJY
sion b,fESrsKd; &dSaeonfudk tvdktavsmuf ay:wmrsm;
rodyg/ Desktop rSm udk,f vnf; &dSygw,f/
wifxm;wJh Windows XP
version udk jyay;zdkY&m regi-

{jyD? 2008 157

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

ar;cGe;f awGursm;

Q 1/ USB cable 8/ Programming ydkif;udk

u 5M xuf t&SnfoHk;&if pwif avhvmr,fq&kd if b,f
data lost jzpfwwfygovm;/ language udk avhvmoifhyg
jzpfwwf&if 6M avmuf oHk; ovJ/ E-book awGeYJ avhvm
&if 5M eJY 1M Mum;rSm USB &if tqifajyEdkifygovm;/
Hub xnfhoHk;&if data lost b,f v d k e-books awG u d k
jzpfEdkifygovm;/ USB Hub toHk;jyK&ygrvJ/
uwpfqifh xGufvmwJh ca- [de;f ol0if; (ausmufr)J
ble u 5M t&S n f t xd
toHk;jyKEdkifygovm;/ b,f A 1/ owfrSwfcsuf
USB version u jzpfEdkifyg rsm;t& device awG&JU pGrf;
ovJ/ 1.1, 2.0 or OTG vm;/ aqmif&nfvnf; jrifhr,fqdk
2/ Firewire rSm drop frame &if 5 rD w m (16 ay 5
jzpfw,fqdkwm bmudk qdkvdk vufr)onf limit jzpfjyD;
wmvJ/ pGrf;aqmif&nf edrfhaewJh de- Superspeed (3.0) 600MBs toHk;jyKjyD; firewire port &
3/ Isochronous, Synchor- vice rsm; twGuf 3 rDwm
qdkjyD; awGU&ygw,f/ tJ'Dvdk cable rS wpf qifh tcsuf
nous and Asynchronous (9 ay 10 vufr) vdkY od&yg USB awGrSm pGrf;aqmifEdkif tvufrsm;udk o,fydkY&mwGif
\t"dymÜ ,fEiS hf uGjJ ym; jcm;em; w,f/ aemuf USB awGu
csuf uGJjym;ovdk USB ca- frames udkufnDrI r&dSjcif;udk
csufrsm;/ data rate udk support vky&f m
ble rsm;rSmvnf; high speed qd k v d k y gw,f / ¤if ; onf
4/ Clock speed, bus rSm download csEdkifwm? USB tcsuftvuftcsKdU aysmuf
speed and bandwidth Low speed (1.1, 2.0) 187 2.0 eJY compatible jzpfwm? qHk;jcif;udk jzpfapygw,f/
uGmjcm;yHk/ kB/s Windows 2000, XP or trsKd;tpm;rwlwJh ypönf;rsm;
5/ Hard disk awG&JU plat- Full speed (1.1, 2.0) 1.5 Vista eJY jzpfwm? minimizes ud k oH k ; jcif ; aMumif h drop
ter rsufESmjyifudk magnetic MB/s data lost eJY error free jzpf frame jzpf&w,fvdkY od&yg
material awGeJY okwfvdrf; Hi-speed (2.0) 60 MB/s wm? Power comsumption w,f/ Frame onf wu,fh
xm;w,fvdkY od&ygw,f/ 5v txuf odkYr[kwf 5v tcsdefem&D vIyf&Sm;rItwdkif;
Hard disk drive wpfct k ay: atmuf oHk;EdkifwmawG uGm wlnDatmif 'DZdkif;xkwfxm;
udk magnetize vkyfvdkuf&if jcm;rI&dSvdkY data lost jzpfEdkif? wJh time code trsKd;tpm;vdkY
hard disk rSm b,fvkd tusKd; rjzpfEdkifudk twdtus rajym qdk yg w,f/ Oyrmtm;jzifh
oufa&mufoGm;EdkifygovJ/ Ed k i f y g/ vuf a wG U tm;jzif h AD'D,dkrSm wpfpuúefYudk 29.97
6/ Modem rSm ygwJh RD, tMunfa&mif USB cable frame EIef;eJY csdefnd§ay;xm;
TD, CD wdkYu bmudk ukd,f onf taemufa&mif cable &ygw,f/ 'Dvykd J firewire rSm
pm;jyKjyD; b,fvdk t"dyÜm,f xuf oHk;&tqifajywmudk frame EIef; csdefnd§xm;jcif;
aqmifygovJ/ MuHKzl;ygw,f/ &dSjyD; ¤if;wdkY rudkufnDvdkY
7/ Soft power qdw k m bmudk 2/ Firewire rSm drop frame drop frame jzpfw,fvYkdvnf;
qdkvdkwmvJ/ Soft power u jzpfw,fqw kd m AD',
D u
kd ifr&m qdkygw,f/
bmawG vk y f a qmif a y;yg odYkr[kwf rD', D m ypön;f wpfck 3/ Isochronous onf
ovJ/ ckrS uGefysLwmodkY aqmhzf0Judk tcsdefudk twdtusuefYowf

158 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
xm;wJh twdkif;twmtwGif; wpfywfjynhf tvkyfvkyfEdkif
tcsut f vufrsm;udk jzefYcswd hJ onfhEIef;udk qdkvdkygw,f/
vkyfief;pOfudk qdkvdkygw,f/ ¤if;udk megahertz odkYr[kwf
Multimedia rsm;&JU tcsuf gigahertz eJ Y wd k i f ; wmyg
tvufrsm; pD;qif;wJh vkyf w,f / One megahertz
ief;pOfrSm isochronous ac: onf wpfpuúefYvQif puf0dkif;
tcsdef wduswJh o,fydkYpepf ywf wpfoef;jzpfjyD; one gi-
vdt k yfygw,f/ xdYktwl AD', D kd gahertz onf puf0dkif;ywf
rSm toHeJY ½kyfwdkY pDqif;rI wpfbDvD,H jzpfygw,f/ 1.8
onf tcsdefeJY wpfajy;nD jzpf GHz processor onf 900
aezdkY vdkygw,f/ MHz processor xuf
Synchronous udk csdef clock speed ESpfq jrefw,f
udkuf aqmif&Gufjcif;vdkY ajym vdkY rSwf,lEdkifygw,f/ ¤if;
Edkifygw,f/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh wdYk ukd nTeMf um;csuw f pfct k m;
synchronous onf tcsdef jyD;ajrmufatmif tvkyfvkyf
wpfcsed w f nf;twGi;f wduspmG Edik w
f hJ pGr;f &nfvYkd vnf; qdMk u Bandwidth udk ta0;ajy;vrf;rMu;D eJY EdiI ;f ,SOjf ywwfygw,f/
jzpfyGm;jcif;vdkY qdkEdkifygw,f/ ygw,f/ uGefysLwmrSm bus
Asynchronous onf tcsdef speed, cache size, RAM qHk;jzpfjyD; uGefysLwm wpfvHk; jzpfygw,f/ xdkodkY ydkYvTwf&m
udu k f rjzpfjcif;vdYk qdyk gw,f/ speed, hard drive speed &JU tjrefEe I ;f vdYkvnf; qdEk ikd yf g wGif bps (bit per second)
Synchronous &JU qefYusif ponfwdkYudkvnf; tqdkyg w,f/ jzifh jyygw,f/ Oyrm jy&&if
buf pmvHk; jzpfygw,f/ EIe;f eJY wdik ;f wmowfrw S Mf uyg Bus speed onf uGef ta0;ajy; vrf;rMuD;wpfckrSm
4/ Clock speed onf y½dk w,f/ Processor &JU clock ysLwm ypö n f ; rsm;tMum; um;awG armif;aeMuovdyk g/
qufqmwpfck\ puf0dkif; speed uawmh t"du tus tcsuftvufrsm;udk o,fydkY ta0;ajy;vrf;ronf net-
wJh pepfudk qdkygawmh/ ¤if; work connection eJY um;
onf uG e f y sLwmwpf v H k ; awGu data awGvdkY jrifxm;
twGif; odkYr[kwf uGefysLwm &if tJ'Dta0;ajy;vrf;rMuD;
eJY uGefysLwmoHk; qufpyf u us,f&if us,foavmuf
ypön;f rsm;tMum; 'pf*spw f ,f um;awG ,S O f j yD ; wpf c sd e f
tcsufjyrsm;tm; o,fydkYay; wnf; wpfjydKifwnf; armif;
wJhpepfjzpfjyD; tjriftm;jzifh Edik w f ,fqw kd mrsKd;yg/ xdYk twl
card odkYr[kwf cable odkY bandwidth us,f&if us,f
r[kwf vQypf ;D ywfvrf;rsm;udk oavmuf uGefysLwm tcsuf
toHk;jyKjyD; quf oG,f ydkY tvufrsm;udk owfrSwfxm;
aqmifaeMuwJh tjrefEIef; wJh tcsdeftydkif;tjcm;twGif;
vnf; jzpfygw,f/ o,fydkY xkwfvTwfay;Edkifwm
Bandwidth onf udk qdkvdkygw,f/
uGef&uf network odkYr[kwf 7/ Hard disk awG&JU plat-
modem qufoG,fa&;vrf; ter rsufEmS jyifukd oHvu dk &f nf
aMumif;wpfcktwGif; tcsuf okwv f rd ;f xm;ygw,f/ Plat-
tvuf rnfrQydkYEdkifonfudk ter rsm;udk tvlrDeD,H owåK
&nfnTef;jyqkdonfh pum;vHk; pyf e J Y wnf a qmuf x m;yg

{jyD? 2008 159

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
qdkif&m pGrf;&nfwpf&yftjzpf books awGeJY avhvm&mrSm
oHk;w,fvdkY Mum;rdygw,f/ pdwyf g0ifpm;rIvnf; &drS ,fqkd
10/ Programming ydkif;udk &if twdkif;twmwpfcktxd
pwif avhvmr,fq&kd if C++ tqifajyEdik yf gw,f/ e-book
udk avhvmoifyh gw,f/ Pro- rsm;udk tifwmeufuwpfqifh
gramming logic udk t"du free download &,lEdkifyg
xm; avhvmzdkYvnf; ygyg w,f/ b,fvdk e-books awG
w,f/ Logic udk em;vnfjyD udk toHk;jyK&r,f qdkwmu
qdk&if b,f programming awmh rdrd pdwf0ifpm;wJh lan-
language udkrqdk develop guage tay:rlwnfygw,f/
vkyfEdkifoGm;ygvdrhfr,f/ e-

w,f/ acwfrD platter rsm;udk oH;k wJh pum;vH;k rsm; jzpfMujyD;

zefxnf odkYr[kwf udkabmh ¤if;wdkYonf Receive Data,
owåKpyfeJY wnfaqmufMu Transmitted Data, Carrier
w,fvdkY od&ygw,f/ odkYjzpf Detect wdkY jzpfMuygw,f/
í hard disk rsm;udk oHvdkuf uG e f y sLwmeJ Y modem wd k Y
pGrf;&nfjrifhrm;wJh pufrsm; tMum; tcsuftvuf o,f
teD; rxm;oifhyg/ xdyfrSm aqmifjcif;eJYqikd w
f hJ pum;vH;k
oH v d k u f " mwf y gwJ h 0uf t l rsm; jzpfw,fvYkd od&ygw,f/
vSnehf YJ awmif roH;k oifb h ;l vdYk 9/ Soft power \ t"dyÜm,f
qkdygw,f/ udk uGefysLwme,fy,frSm &Sm
8/ Modem rSm ygwJh RD, wm rawGUyg/ Soft power
TD, CD wdYk onf circuit rSm qdok nfh pum;vH;k udk Edik if aH &;

tajymif;tvJrmS jzpfwwfygw,f vkyf &m wGif tqifrajyyg/ uvpf ESpfcsuf EdSyfvdkufyg/

aus;Zl;jyKí ajzMum;ay;yg/ xdkYaemuf Services udk zGifh
Q uRefawmfh uGefysL tjcm;aqmhzf0Jrsm; aumif;pGm atmifatmif (Aef;armfjrKd )U yg/
wmonf GIGA BYTE MB, oHk;EdkifjyD; Photoshop CS2 - ¤if;wGif Event Log udk
CPU 2.8GHz, GeForce4 udk run onfhtcg 'Unable A ¤if; Photoshop &SmjyD; awGUvQif armufpf nm
MX4000, 512MB RAM, to continue because of a CS2 wGifomru Photo El- uvpfEdSyfjyD; Start udk a&G;
40GB HDD jzpfjyD;udk Win- hardware or system error. ements uJo h Ykd aqmhz0f rJ sm;rSm cs,fvdkufyg/ 'DvdkeJYrS r&&if
dows XP SP1 wifxm;yg Sorry, but this error is vnf ; jzpf w wf y gw,f / enf;vrf; (1) Photoshop
w,f/ ¤if;wGif Photoshop unrecoverable' "Quit" vdkY Event log service eJY csdwf settings file rsm;udk zsuf&ef
CS2 tygt0if tjcm; aqmhzf pmwef;ay:ygw,f/ Quit udk qufrI ysufoGm;wmvdkY qdkyg jzpfygw,f/ Photoshop udk
0Jrsm; aumif;pGm run ygw,f/ EdyS v
f ukd v f mG ;yg w,f/
f Qif CS2 ydwo jyefpjyD; Ctrl+Alt+Shift uD;
rMumrDu [mh''f pfukd format w,f/ - ¤if;twGuf Start > Con- rsm;udk EdSyfay;xm;yg/ 'De-
vkyfjyD; Windows XP SP1 aemufwpfcku Kasper- trol Panel odkY 0ifyg/ lete the Adobe Photoshop
jyef w if y gw,f / xd k t cg sky 6.0 udk CD rS update - Administrative Tools udk Settings file?' qdkwm ay:

160 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
vm&if Yes udk EdSyfvdkufyg/ - Step By Step udk a&G;cs,f
enf;vrf; (2) Photoshop uvpf vkyjf yD; Next cvkwu f kd
CS2 ud k user account EdSyfyg/
topfwpfckeJY run Munhfyg/ - Load cvkwfudk uvpf
User account topf wpfck vkyfyg/ Monitor profiles
udk wnfaqmufyg/ tJ'Dvdk &dSonfh ae&mudk a&G;cs,fyg/
vkyfMunhfvdkY trSm; ray: Oyrmtm;jzifh Windows XP
awmh&if rlv user account wGif Windows/System32/
onf ysufaevdkY jzpfygw,f/ Color jzpfí Windows 2000
enf;vrf; (3) System clock wG i f Winnt/System32/
udk jyefjyD; reset vkyMf unhyf g/ Spool/Drivers/Color jzpf
Windows taskbar &JU nm onf/
buf atmuf a jcae&mu - Profile wpfckudk a&G;cs,f
tcsdefav;udk armufpf nm jyD; Open udk uvpfvkyf
uvpfEdSyfvdkufyg/ Adjust zGifhyg/
Date/Time udk zGifhjyD; aeYpGJeJY - jyD;vQif Adobe Gamma
tcsdefwdkYudk jyefjyD; csdefudkuf rS xGufvdkufyg/ zdkifrsm;udk download &,ljyD; ¤if;wdkYudk download &,lcJh
Munhfyg/ Offline update qdkwm fresh drive odkYr[kwf pD'DeJY yg/ tdrfa&muf&if uGefysLwm
enf;vrf; (4) 'Denf;vrf;rSm tifwmeuf wdkuf½dkuf r&dSol ul;vmyg/ yxrqHk; tifwm C: &JU atmufrSm zdkvf'gwpfck
Adobe Gamma udk toH;k jyK rsm;twGuf qdkvdkwmyg/ euf search uae http:// wnfaqmufjyD; zip zdik rf sm;udk
&ygr,f/ Monitor profile Kaspersky udk offline up- www.kaspersky.com/ jznfxkwfvdkufyg/ aemuf
udk topfwifwmvdkY qdkyg date vk y f z d k Y & m enf ; vrf ; avupdates odkYr[kwf Anti- kaspersky udk zGifhjyD; set-
w,f/ rsm;pGm &dSaevdkY rdrd tqifajy virus Database Updates ting uwpf q if h update
- Start > Control Panel udk r,fxifwJh enf;vrf;udk oHk; odkYr[kwf kaspersky up- vkyf,lEdkifygw,f/
zGifhyg/ Munhaf pvdyk gw,f/ wpfenf; date ponf udk,frSwfrdwJh aemuf od&wmwpfcku
- Adobe Gamma udk uvpf tm;jzifh tifwmeufuaz;u trnf ½dkufxnfhjyD; 0ufbf Kaspersky version 6.0
ESpfcsuf EdSyfvdkufyg/ ae kaspersky update qdkufrsm;udk zGifhyg/ wpfqifh twGuf offline update r&dS
ay:vmwJh 0ufbfqdkufrsm;rS bl;vdkY awGU&ygw,f/ 'Dawmh
Antivirus Database Up version topf ajymif;wif
dates udk zGifhjyD; Automatic Munhy
f g/ ,ck aemufq;kH ver-
Updating atmufu udk,f sion onf Kaspersky anti-
wifxm;wJh Kaspersky ver- virus 2007 7.0.1.325 jzpfyg
sion udk a&G;cs,f uvpfvkyf w,f/
yg/ Oyrm 6.0 products
qdkygawmh/ aemufwpfcg yGifh
vmr,fh jrifuGif;xJrSm av-
i386-daily.zip, av-i386-
weekly.zip, av-i386-cu
mul.zip ( i386 aemuf u
trnfawG wlcsifrSwlygr,f)
zip zdkifrsm;udk awGU&ygr,f/

{jyD? 2008 161

uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz

wu,fvyk af wmhrmS vm;

Q Minority Re awmh f b mom vk y f x m;wJ h

port vdk Zmwfum;xJu uGef ud,
k yf ikd f websites &dyS gw,f/
ysLwmawGrSm transparency, tJ'gudk tifwmeufay: wif
special effect, theme awG csifygw,f/ &efukefrS net-
oHk;xm;wm awGU&ygw,f/ work centre awGuae ser-
olwYkd oH;k xm;ovdk uReaf wmf ver iSm;wif&if b,favmuf
wdkY uGefysLwmawGrSm tJ'Dvdk ukefusrvJqdkwm odvdkyg
effect awG oHk;csifygw,f/ w,f/ uGefysLwm*sme,f pm
oHk;vdkY&&if b,fvdk aqmhzf0J wnf;tzGJUu xkwfwJh Web
rsK;d udk oH;k &rvJqw
kd m odvykd g designer pmtkyf 0,fvdkyg
w,f/ uRefawmfh uGefysLwm w,f/
rSmxJu Style XP, Win- MuD;rm;ygayw,f/ bmyJjzpf yg/ Transparency effect
dows FX, Vista Theme CD A 'g½dkufwm Ste- jzpf Youth Training & twGuf Windows trans-
xJu object desktop soft- ven Spielberg &JU Minor- Multimedia Production parent 2.0 udk oHk;Munhfyg/
ware awGeYJ vkyMf unhaf yr,fh ity Report pdwuf ;l ,Of odyHÜ Co., a&Taumif;uif Video Wireless network csdwf
vdkcsifwJh yHkpHr&yg/ uRefawmf Zmwfum;udk rMunhzf ;l ayr,fh Studio, Rainbow Motion quf toHk;jyK&ef wireless
u Start menu eJY taskbar 'g½dkufwm&JU trnfudkawmh Media House vdk oifwef; router wpfck vdktyfygw,f/
omru tjcm; aqmhzf0J tm; ¤if; network udk csdwfquf
vHk;udkvnf; transparency toHk;jyKrnfh uGefysLwmwdkif;
effect oH;k csiy f gw,f/ aemuf rSmvnf; wireless adapter
jyD; theme awGudk udk,fwdkif &dS&ef vdktyfygw,f/
zefwD;csifygw,f/ rnfonfh udk,fydkif website wpfck
aqmhz0f rJ sK;d udk oH;k &r,fqw kd m udk tifwmeufodkY wif&ef
odvykd gw,f/ Wireless net- web hosting ukrÜPDrsm;eJY
work csw d jf yD; tifwmeuf oH;k csdwfquf aqmif&GufEdkifyg
&if bmawG vdktyfr,fqdkwm w,f/ udk,fwifr,fh page
odvykd gw,f/ ukeu f sp&dwu f kd tenf;trsm;ay: rlwnfjyD;
vnf; azmfjyay;yg/ uRef aps;EIef; uGmjcm;Edkifygw,f/
tcsKdU prf;oyf½Hk wifcsif&if
0ufbfqdkuf tcsKdUrSm tcrJh
vufcH wifay;wJh ae&mrsm;
aumif;pGm Mum; zl; ae yg awG r S m t&if w uf a &muf &d S y gw,f / Oyrmtm;jzif h
w,f/ Jaws, E.T, Jurassic avh v m oif M um;apvd k y g www.wordpress.com qdk
Park pwJh Zmwfum;rsm;rSm w,f/ ygawmh/ b,fvkd wif&r,fqkd
special effects awG u d k uGefysLwm desktop udk wmawmh rodyg/ Web de-
tjynfht0 oHk; cJh wm yg/ ajymif;vJzdkY aqmhzf0J trsm; signer pmtkyfudk &efukef vl
armif&ifu olYvdk vkyfcsif tjym; &dSygw,f/ vufawGU MuHKeJYomrSmjyD; 0,fvdkufyg/
w,fqakd wmh &nf&,G cf sufu rprf;oyftm;vdkY ra&;awmh

162 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGeyf sLwmtar;tajz
CAD vdkY twdkaumuf ac: cJhMuwmyg ajymif ; vd k u f y g/ ¤if ; wG i f
tvkyfvkyfaewJh zdkifrsm;xJu
Q t&ifwkef;u uGef rSm Ctrl+ Alt+Del uD;rsm;udk explorer.exe udk &SmjyD; select
ysLwmwpfvHk;rSm applica- EdSyfjyD; Task Manager udk vkyf a&G;cs,fvdkufyg/ End
tion wpf c k u d k oH k ; aewk e f ;
zGiuhf m jyifp&m&d&S if jyifzYkd vkyf Process (tab) udk uvpfvy k f
tqifrajy&if odkYr[kwf tJ'D ay;xm;wmyg/ 'gayr,f h yg/ warning message jy&if
app. u wkHYjyefrI r&dSawmh&if
Ctrl+ Alt+Del uD;udk oH;k jyD; 'Yes' cvkwfudk EdSyfvdkufyg/
Ctrl+Alt+ Del uD;rsm;udk application u jyef x G u f - Applications (tab) odkY
wpfjydKifeufEySd jf yD; jyefxu
G zf ;l
atmif vkyfcsif&ifvnf; &yg jyefoGm;yg/
ygw,f/ ,ck Windows XP w,f/ - 'New Task' udk uvpf
wifxm;wJh uGefysLwmtopf ¤if;twGuf vkyfyg/
rSm r&yg/ uGefysLwmudk re- - Ctrl+Alt+Del uD;rsm;udk - ay:vmaom Create New
start jyefvkyfvdkuf&ygw,f/ EdSyfvdkufyg/ Task Manager Task (box) wGif 'explorer'
tJ'g 0if;'dk;pfpepfudk restart
ay:vmygr,f/ [k ½dkufxnfhyg/ OK udk EdSyf
jyefvkyf&ef rvdkbJ applica-- ¤if;rS Applications (tab) vdkufyg/
tion uae xGuaf tmif Ctrl+ odkY ajymif;jyD; Applications ,ck Task Manager udk
Alt+Del udk oHk;csifygw,f/ atmufwGif yGifhaewJh y½dk ydwfEdkifygjyD/ uGefysLwmu uGefysLwmudk jyef reboot
&Edkifygovm;/ *&rfrsm; tm;vH;k udk ydwv f u kd f jyefzGifhjyD; vkyf ief; rsm; udk vkyf&ef rvdkbJ oHk;EdkifygjyD/
yg/ qufvuf vkyaf qmifyg/ tck
A Windows XP - Processes (tab) od k Y qdk&if Ctrl+Alt+Del uD;udk

Adik ;f &yfpaf Mumifv

h Ykd jyefajzvdu
k yf gw,f A ¤if;onf Adkif;&yfpf &m trsm;qH;k oH;k wJh enf;vrf;
aMumifh jzpfEdkifygw,f/ Kas- vnf; jzpfaeygw,f/ Audio
Q uRefawmfh tdrfu 0ufbfqdkufrSm update ,l persky antivirus aqmhzf0J CD rsm;&dS zdkifrsm;udk copy >
uGeyf sLwmrSm C:, D: wdYkukd zGihf aomfvnf; r&yg/ tdrfu ukd www.kaspersky.com rS paste vkyfí r&yg/ Rip vkyf
&if wef;ryGifhawmhyg/ Oyrm uGefysLwmrSm tifwmeuf download &,ljyD; Adkif;&yfpf ,lrS &ygw,f/ wpfenf;tm;
My Computer atmuf&dS C: csdwfrxm;yg/ rnfodkY jyKvkyf ppfyg/ zdkifrsm;udk zGifh&mwGif jzifh audio CD rsm;udk Win-
udk zGifhygu aemuf Window &rnfu&kd iS ;f jyay;yg/ jyD;awmh aocsmap&ef double click dows media player, Arca-
wpfckay:vmjyD; yGifhygw,f/ CD awGrSm a&;aom auto- tpm; right click > open eJY dio music converter, CD
My Documents eJY tjcm; run.inf onf pan drive awG ajymif;jyD; oHk;yg/ ¤if;onf ecoder, Xilisoft CD Riper
Folder awGrmS awmh omrefyif rSmaum a&;í &ygovm;/ tvkyf½Iyfayr,fh pdwftcs& uJhodkYaom aqmhzf0Jrsm;eJY rip
jzpf y gw,f / þonf r S m aemufjyD; audio CD tcsKdU qHk; enf;vrf; jzpfygw,f/ vkyf,lyg/ &vmr,fh oDcsif;
bmaMumifh jzpfwmvJ cifAsm;/ wGif music rsm;udk copy ul; NOD32 xuf kaspersky rsm;udk MP3, MP4 uJhodkY
uRefawmfu Adik ;f &yfpf 0ifomG ; vdkufaomfvnf; jyefvnf u ydkjyD; tpGrf;xufygw,f/ format rsm;odkYvnf; ajymif;
w,fvYkd xifygw,f/ b,fvkd em;axmifí r&yg/ uGefysL CD awGrSm a&;wJh auto- ay;Edkifygw,f/
jyKjyif&rvJ/ aemuf uReaf wmfh wmxJodkY ul;&ef rnfodkY vkyf run.inf udk memory stick 1234567890
1234567890
pufrSm NOS32 antivirus aqmif&rvJ/ rsm;rSmvnf; oHk;Edkifygw,f/ 1234567890
1234567890
wifxm;ygw,f/ ¤if;twGuf jzKd ;atmif (wmarG) ,cktcg Adkif;&yfpfawG ysHUESHYzdkY 1234567890

{jyD? 2008 163

 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121

0if;'dk;twGuf tajccH vrf;nTefrsm;

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
M ICROSOFT
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
W ORD2007
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
oifcef;pm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jy;D cJo
h nfh v oifcef;pmrsm;wGif pmvH;k wpfv;kH udk Mum;jzwf xnfo h iG ;f &ef
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
odrYk [kwf pmvH;k rsm;udk a&G;cs,f (select) vkyo f nfh vkyif ef;pOfrsm;udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
a&;om;azmfjycJo h nf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
¤if;wGif armufpu f kd oH;k jy;D aqmif&u
G fjcif;ESihf uD;bkwf uD;cvkwrf sm;jzifh
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
aqmif&Gufjcif;[lí cGJjcm; azmfjyay;cJhygonf/ Word 2007 wGif
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
xl;jcm;aom uD;wpfcu k kd zefw;D ay;xm;onf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
¤if;onf F8 key jzpfonf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121

164 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
F8 udk uGefysKwm zGifh rSwcf suf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pOf Safe Mode odkY 0if&m wpf c gwpf & H Word
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wG i f oH k ; onf / ,ck F8 2007 udk zGix
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 hf m;pOf F8 key
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf pmvHk;? pmaMumif;? udk EdSyfaomfvnf; bmrQ wkHY
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pmydk'frsm; a&G;cs,f (select) jyefrI r&do S nfukd awGU&wwf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vk y f & mü yd k r d k jref q ef p G m oH k ; ygonf /
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Edik o
f nfh uD;cvkww f pfck jzpf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
aeonf / pmrsuEf mS rsm;udk a&TU jcif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Word 2007 wGif F8 Word wGif uGefysLwm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
key udk oHk;ae&mrS rvdktyf jrifuGif;ü pm wpfrsufESmudk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
awmhygu Esc key udk EdSyf tjynfh jyay;xm;onfhwdkif rjrif&yg/ odYk jzpfí tay:ESihf udk Munhf&mwGif scrollbar
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
¤if; pm&Guf\ (heigth) udk atmufbuf&Sd pmrsufEmS rsm; ud k toH k ; jyKMu&ygonf /
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vdkufyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 armufpw f iG f wheel ygcJyh gu
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ¤if;jzifh txuf? atmuf pm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
a&G;cs,fonfh vkyfief;rsm;wGif uD;cvkwf F8 udk toHk;jyKjcif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rsufESmrsm;odkY a&TUMunhfEdkif
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 onf/ odYk &mwGif document
(Selection) a&G;cs,frI vkyfief;pOfrsm;wGif F8 (function) uD;cvkwfudk pGrf;tm;tjynfh
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 wpfco k nf pmrsufEmS rsm;pGm
ay;xm;onf/ txl;ojzifh (text) pmom;rsm;udk select vkyf a&G;cs,f&mwGif ydkí
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jrefqefap&ef jzpfonf/ oifonf armufpfudk rMumcPudkif&ef rvdkawmhovdk uD;bkwfrS jzifh tvGef &Snfvsm;aeygu
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 armufpb f ;D jzifh vdr&hf onfrmS
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
uD;cvkwfrsm;udkvnf; rSwfom;xm;&ef rvdkawmhyg/ F8 udk ]qlyg[D;½dk;} [kyif
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wifpm;xm;onf/ ,ck F8 uD;cvkwfudk prf;oyfvkyfaqmifMuygrnf/ Word 2007 wGif vnf ; Mumonf [k xif&yg
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
F8 oHk;&ef yxrqHk; F8 uD;udk wpfcsuf EdSyfvdkufyg/
rnf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ¤if;twGuf uD;bkwf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
aemufq;kH ae&ma&mufonft h xd awmufavQmuf a&G;cs,af y;jcif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 udk toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ tvGefY
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pmvH k ; od k Y r [k w f pmaMumif ; wpf c k \ tpwG i f armuf p f y d G K if w mud k ae&m,l u m F8 udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 tvGef &Snfvsm;aom do-
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
EdSyfvdkufyg/ xdkYaemuf rnfonfh uD;cvkwfudkrQ qufjyD;EdSyf&ef rvdkawmhbJ pmvHk; cument twG u f land-
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
a&G;cs,fjcif; vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifonf/ ¤if; F8 uD;udk wpfMudrf xyfEdSyfyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 marks ac: trSwt f om; jyK
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
quf v uf j yD ; armuf p f u d k ud k i f í jzpf a p? jrm;uD
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ; rsm;ud k oH k ; íjzpf a p a&G ; cs,f j cif ; vk y f a y;xm;jcif ; jzpf y g
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vkyfief;rsm;udk jyKvkyfEdkifonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 onf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh do-
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pum;vH;k wpfvk;H udk a&G;cs,jf cif; cument wGif ygonfh yHkrsm;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 udk trSwftom;jyKEdkifonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pum;vHk; wpfvHk;udk a&G;cs,f&ef F8 uD;udk ESpfMudrf EdSyfvdkufyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 odkYr[kwf pmrsufESmwdkif;&dS
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pmaMumif; (sentence) wpfcu k kd a&G;cs,jf cif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 acgif;pD;rsm;udk owfrSwf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
F8 udk oHk;Mudrf qufwdkuf EdSyfvdkufyg/ pmaMumif; (sentence) wpfckvHk;udk a&G;cs,fjyD;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
csuf jyKvkyfxm;Edkifygonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jzpf o nf /
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ¤if;wdkYudk toHk;jyKjyD; Word
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 u vdktyfonfh pmrsufESm
pmyd'k f (paragraph) wpfcu k kd a&G;cs,jf cif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
F8 udk av;Mudrf qufwdkuf EdSyfvdkufyg/ pmydk'f (paragraph) wpfckvHk;udk a&G;cs,fjyD;
rsm;udk &Smay;ygvdrrhf nf/ xdYk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 twl Word \ bookmark-
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jzpfonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ing aqmif&Gufcsuf toHk;jyK
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Document wpfcv k ;kH udk a&G;cs,jf cif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 jyD; oifESpfouf&m trSwf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
F8 udk ig;Mudrf qufwdkuf EdSyfyg/ Document wpfckvHk;udk a&G;cs,fjyD; jzpfonfudk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 tom; wpf c k c k u d k land-
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
awG U &ygrnf /
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 marks tjzpf xm;Edkifonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
{jyD? 2008 165
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tv,f cvkwfonf oif
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 rnfoYkdaom enf;vrf;jzifh pm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 rsufESmrsm;udk &SmazGvdkonf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 udk icon yHkrsm;jzifh jyay;yg
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vdrfhrnf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 yHw
k iG Mf unhyf g/ tv,f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 rS cvkwf t0dkif;udk uvpf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 vk y f v d k u f í ay:vmaom
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 tuGufonf Browse Set-
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 tings menu jzpfonf/ ¤if;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 onf Browse cvkwf trsKd;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rsKd;udk icon yHkrsm;jzifh udk,f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 pm;jyKay;jcif ; jzpf o nf /
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Document wpfcktwGif; txuf? atmufae&mrsm;odYk Munhf&ef scroll box udk oHk;yg/ ¤if;wGif
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Oyrmtm;jzif h oif o nf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tay:? atmuf Mw*d w H k;H udk uvpfvyk fjy;D pmrsuEf Smudk a&TEU ikd fonf/ tv,frS scroll bar udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 page tvdu k f &Smcsiw f mvm;?
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
armufpjf rm;OD;jzifh xd;k um pmrsuEf mS udk wifEikd ?f csEikd o f nf/ Scroll bar \ atmufajc&dS cvkwf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
section tvd k
u f &Sm csifvm;?
oH;k ckonf jy;D cJo h nfh pmrsuEf mS ? a&SpU mrsuEf mS wdu Yk kd vsijf refpmG ajymif;ay;jy;D pmrsuEf mS rsm;udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 comment tvd k u f ? foot
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Munh&f mwGif rnfuo hJ Ykad om tpDtpOfrsK;d jzifh Munhv f ko d nfukd aqmif&u
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
G af y;onf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 note, table, graphic yH k
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 tvdkuf &Smcsifvm;? acgif;pD;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Word document \ r[kwf vdSrfh&ef rvdkawmhbJ yH k o nf (Ctrl+Page-Up, rsm;jzifh &Smcsiw
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 f mvm;ponf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rsuf E S m jyif wpf a e&m od k Y armuf p f cursor ud
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121k tenf ; PageDown) ud k qd k v d k j yD ; jzpf y gonf / ¤if;onf pGrf;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
r[kwf pmrsufESmab;wGif i,f vIyf&Sm;ay;jcif;jzifh do-
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
udk wnfjyD; mouse cument \ pmrsufEmS rsm;udk rSwpf k
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
cursor
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wheel udk wpfcsuf zday; txuf? atmuf scroll bar Word jzifh tvGef
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vdkufyg/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh uJhodkY a&TUEdkifonfudk awGU& & S n f v s m ; a o m
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
uvpf wpfcsufEdSyfjcif; jzpf ygrnf/ ¤if;onf scroll bar document wpfck
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf/ udk oHk;&onfxuf ydkrdk jref udk wnfaqmuf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
xd k t cg teuf a &mif qefygonf/ rvdktyfí &yf &mwGif pmrsufESm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Mwd*w H ;kH ESpw f ;kH (jrm;OD;) yHjk zifh vdkvQif wheel udk wpfcsuf trsKd;rsKd;odkY jyef
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
scroll symbol yH k u av; jyefEdSyfvdkufyg/ vnfMunhf&ef
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
ay:aeygrnf / xd k o d k Y
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
sym- taumif;qHk;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
bol yHka v; &dSa epOf armuf p f enf ;vrf ; trs K;
d rsK ;
d jz if h
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 enf;vrf;rsm;ay;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wheel ud k zd x m;&ef od k Y pmrsuEf mS rsm;udk &SmazGjcif;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 xm;onf/ View > Outline wGif pmrsufESm wpfckcsif;twGif;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tvGef &Snfvsm;aom tcef;? tydkif;ESifh pmaMumif; tuefYrsm;udk cGJjcm;jyay;onf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
document rsm;twG u f View > (Show/Hide) Document Map wGif document
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pmrsufESmrsm;udk tjref&SmazG \ b,fbufjcrf;wGif tvm;wl acgif;pD;ESifh tydk'fcGJrsm;udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
&ef scroll bar \ atmufajc jyay;onf/ View > (Show/Hide) Thumbnails wGif b,f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tqHk;udk Munhfyg/ ¤if;wGif bufjcrf;ESifh pmrsufESm ti,fav;rsm; (thumbnails) jzifh
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Mwd*HyHk jrm; ESpfxyfyHkESifh jyay;ygonf/ pmrsuEf mS wGif yHrk sm;yg&dyS gu tqdyk gyHu
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 k kd cefYreS ;f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tv,f w Gi f tvH k;yH
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 k cvk w f Munh f
j yD
; oif
v d
k
t yf
o nf h pmrsuf ES
m rsm;ud k tvG , f
w ul &SmEdkif
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
ud k jrif & ygrnf / jrm;ES p f x yf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ygonf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121

166 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Document wpfcw k iG f pmrsuEf mS rsm; a&TaU jymif;Munf&h mü
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
uD;bkwcf vkwrf sm;udk toH;k jyKjcif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Word jzifh pmpD&mwGif uD;bkwfay:rS oif vufrsm;onf armufpfudk rMumcP
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vSrf;udkifae&onf/ xdktcsdefrsm;udk pkpkaygif;vdkufvQif renf;vSyg/ odkYjzpfí armufpf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tpm; uD;cvkwfrsm;udk toHk;jyKjyD; trdefYay;Edkifonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh insertion point udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
uD;cvkwfjzifh a&TUEdkifjcif; jzpfonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
- b,f? nm? tay:? atmuf jrm;uD;cvkwfrsm;udk toHk;jyKyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
- pmaMumif;rsm; odkYr[kwf vdkif;rsm;\ tpESifh tqHk;udk a&muf&ef Home/End
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
uD;cvkwfrsm;udk oHk;yg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
- pmydk'f wpfckcsif;twGuf tay: odkYr[kwf atmufbuf pmydk'fodkY a&TU&ef Ctrl uD;udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
EdSyfxm;jyD; tay:? atmuf jrm;udk toHk;jyKyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
- Page up / Page down uD;cvkwf ESpfckonf jrifuGif;wGif tjynfhjrifEdkiforQudk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jyay;onf/ jrifuGif;wpfckpmcsif; jyay;onf[k qdkEdkifonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
- Documet wpfck\tp odkYr[kwf tqHk;odkY a&muf&ef Ctrl uD;udk EdSyfxm;jyD; Home
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Scroll bar udk armufpf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 nmuvpf EdyS yf g/
odkYr[kwf End udk EdSyfyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Pop-up menu
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ay:vmygrnf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Scroll Bars toHk;jyKjcif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
¤if;wdu Yk kd a&G;cs,f
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 uvpf vyk jf cif;jzifh
oifonf Word odkYr[kwf rdkufu½dkaqmhzf\ Office aqmhzf0Jwpfckckudk oHk;oljzpfygu
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
document \ nmbufab;&dS scroll bar udk tuRrf;0ifjyD; jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;wGif bar pmrsuEf mS tay:? atmuf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ponfoYkd a&TaU jymif;Edik yf gonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wef;wpfavQmufü cvkwftjzpf box wpfckudk jrifEdkifygonf/ tqdkyg box onf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pmrsufESmrsm;vQif ao;i,faejyD; pmrsufESmenf;vQif &Snfarsmarsmt&G,f jzpfaeygvdrfh
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rnf/ ¤if; box udk armufpfjzifh wGef;wif? wGef;csjcif;jzifh pmrsufESmrsm;udk a&TUvsm;apyg
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf/ xdkYtjyif scroll bar \ xdyfqHk;ESifh atmufqHk;wGif Mwd*HyHk teufa&mifjrm;OD;yHkudk enf;vrf;onf tqiftajy
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 qHk;jzpfrnfudk odvmygrnf/
awGU&ygrnf/ ¤if;wdkYudk armufpfjzifh wpfcsufjcif; uvpfvkyfygu pmaMumif;wpfvdkif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
odkYr[kwf ESpfvdkif;csif;udk a&TUay;ygrnf/ Scroll bar ae&mvGwf wpfae&m (tay:
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Bookmark jzifh &SmazGjcif;
odkYr[kwf atmuf) odkY armufpfuvpfwpfcsuf jyKvkyfMunhfyg/ Document onf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jrifuGif; wpfckpm wufjcif;? qif;jcif;jzifh ajymif;ay;ygvdrfhrnf/ Scroll bar udk pG,pf u kH sr;f uJo
h Ykd pmtkyf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
toHk;rsm;vmvQif oifonf pmrsufESmrsm;udk rnfuJhodkY jrefqefpGm ajymif;Edkifonfudk xlxlMuD;wGif puúLp trsm;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
odvmygvdrfhrnf/ tjym; n§yx f m;onfukd awGU
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 zl;Muygrnf/ ¤if;onf zwf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vdk? rDSjirf;vdkaom pmrsufESm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
aqmifrI jrifhrm;onfh &SmazG onf/ rMumcP oHk;Munhf wdkYonf oif &SmazGvdkonfh udk tvG,fwul jyefvSef
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jcif; vkyfief;pOfvnf; jzpfyg apvdkonf/ Icon yHkudk rod pmrsuf E S m wG i f &d S a eonf h Munfh Edkif &ef jzpf onf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf/ ygu ¤if; icon ay:odkY pmom;udk ½du f nfh &SmEdik &f ef tqdkyg puúLpuav;onf
k x
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Browse by enf;vrf; armufpf cursor udk wif jzpf o nf / rd r d w d k Y aeY p Of bookmark jzpfonf/ tcsKdU
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf roH k ; zl ; ol r sm; od k Y xm;yg/ rnfonfh icon jzpf toH k ; jyKaeonf h tawG U u puúLp (bookmarks)
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
r[k w f toH k ; enf ; ol r sm; onfukd pmaMumif;wdu k av; tMuHKrsm;t& pmrsufESmrsm; rsm;ud k t&G , f t pm;wl ?
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
twGuf tpwGif cufonf? jzifh jyay;ygonf/ Go To udk tjref &SmazG&ef odYk r[kwf ta&mifpHkjzifh aoaooyf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
aeS;onf[k xifEdkifzG,f jzpf (box) ES i f h Find (box) tjrefa&muf&ef rnfonfh oyf jzwfn§yfxm;wwfMu
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
{jyD? 2008 167
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wG i f Insert (tab) ud k - tu,fí pmom;udk a&G;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ajymif;jyD; zGifhyg/ ¤if;wGif cs,f x m;jcif ; r&d S b J
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Bookmark [l a om pm bookmark wpfcu k kd wnf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 om;udk uvpf vkyfzGifh aqmufvdkufygu Word
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
yg/ tqdkyg Bookmark onf armufpf insertion
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 cvk w f o nf Mailings point &dSaeonfh ae&mrS
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 tkyfpkatmufwGif tvHyHk pmom;udk ,lvdkufygvdrfh
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 icon av;ES i f h jzpf o nf / rnf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 xdtk cg oif a&G;cs,v f u
kd f - xdkodkY bookmark cvkwf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 onfh pmom; (text) onf udk uvpf vkyfvdkufonf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 bookmark tjzpf t&m ESifh Bookmark (box)
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf/ Word wGif pmrsufEmS rsm;udk rjrifEikd yf g/ Word \
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
uav; ay:aeygvd r f h ay:vmygrnf/ Book-
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rsm;ud k vdkt yf o vd k trS w f zef w D ; aqmif & G u f c suf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121o m rnf / tu,f í oif o nf mark name: wGif trnf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tom;jyKxm;&ef puúLpav; jzpfonf/ pmom;rsm;twGi;f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 pmom; tcsKdUudk jyifvdkuf wpfckck ½dkufxnfhyg/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rsm;udk oHk;í r&Edkifaomf bookmarks xnfh&ef Rib- í pmom;onf ae&m a&GU - trnf ay;&mwGif odom
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vnf ; electronic book- bon rS w pf q if h aqmif
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
& G u f oGm;aomfvnf; book- xif&Sm;aom pum;vHk;udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
marks udk oHk;Edkifygonf/ Edi kof nf/ Bookmaker wnf
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 mark onf pmom;ESifh ay;yg/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rS
w o
f m;vd o
k nf h pum;vH ;k udk aqmuf & ef enf ; vrf ; rsm;ud
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 k twl &d S a eygrnf / oif&Smvdkaom pmrsufESm
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
twdtus rSwfay;Edkifonf/ oD;jcm; a&;ay;xm;ygonf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Document wpf c k t wG i f ; Office logo cvkwfudk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Bookmark (dialog box) onf oH;k & vG,u f yl gonf/ yHwk iG f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
bookmarks rnf rQ xnf E
h i
k
d f uvpf vkyf zGifhyg/ Word document xJrS bookmarks rsm;udk pm&if; jyay;xm;onf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf[k owfrSwfcsuf r&dS Options udk a&G;cs,f zGifh tqdyk g pm&if;udk A to Z uJo
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 h Ykd pDay;Edik fonf/ Sort by: wGif
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
yg/ oifMudKufovdk book- vdkufyg/ (Word Options Name odkYr[kwf Location jzifh pDEikd o
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
f nf/ ab;wGif
mark pepfudk oHk;Edkifonf/ cvkwfonf Office menu
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
bookmark wnf a qmuf o nf h Add cvkw?f rvdv k Qif
¤if;wd Y
k o nf print xk w o
f nf h \ atmuf ajc? Exit Word
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 jyefzsuEf ikd o f nfh Delete cvkwEf iS hf bookmarks rsm;udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tcg taES m ih f t ,S u f rjyK cvk w f a b;wG i f &d S o nf / )
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ausmv f mT ; &SmazG&ef Go To cvkwrf sm; &do S nf/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
yg/ Print puúLwGif rygyg/ ay:vmaomjrifuGif;rS Ad-
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Document wpf c k t wG i f ; vanced udk a&G;cs,fyg/ ¤if;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
oif zGifhvdkaom? &Smvdkaom wGif scroll bar udk oHk;jyD;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pmrsufESmrsm;udk vG,ful 'Show document content'
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vsifjrefpGm &Sm&ef book- acgif;pD;atmufodkY a&TUjyD;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
marks udk oHk;Munhfapvdkyg jrifae&aom pmaMumif;rsm;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf/ rS 'Show bookmarks' udk
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
trSwo f auFw jcpfay;vdu k f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Bookmarks rsm; yg/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
wnf a qmuf jc if ; Document wpfcw k iG f
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Document wpf c k bookmarksrsm;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
twG i f; bookmarks rsm;pGm xnfo h iG ;f jcif;
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
udk armufpfuvpf tenf; - Book maker vkyv f o kd nfh
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
i,f oHk;jyD; wnfaqmufEdkif pmom;udk a&G;cs,fyg/
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
onf / ¤if ; bookmarks - Word 2007 \ ribbon
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121

168 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
csi;f odYk wdu k ½f ukd f zGiEhf ikd o
f nfh
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 enf; vrf; rsm; &dSygonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 þuJhodkY wdkuf½dkuf yGifhjcif;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 jzifh vdktyfonfh tcsufudk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tjref &SmazGEdkifonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Word ribbon wG i f
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Home (tab) odkY zGifhyg/ ¤if;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 wGif Find udk wdkuf½dkuf zGifh
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 &eftwGuf nmbuf tpGef
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 ae&mü Find (Ctrl+F)
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
oif\ document twGi;f wpfae&mrS wpfae&modYk a&TaU jymif; ckeu
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 f ;l &mwGif bookmarks rsm;onf cvkwfudk uvpfvkyf zGifhyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rs m ;pG
m tul t nD ay;Ed i
k f o nf / ¤if ; twG u
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121f F5 uD;udk EdyS vf u
k d f yg / Find and Replace (box) ESihf Replace udk wdu k ½f u
kd zf iG &hf ef
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
twl Go To > Bookmark yg yGiv hf mygvrd rhf nf/ ¤if; nmbuf bookmark pm&if;rsm;rS oif
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 twG u f Replace (Ctrl+H)
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
zGiv hf kdonfh pmrsuEf Sm ESihf oufqikd fonfh bookmark udk a&G; cs,f uvpf vkyv
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 f u
kd yf g/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 cvkwfudk zGifhyg/ Go To udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 wdu
k ½f u kd zf iG &hf eftwGuf Find
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
\ xif & S m ; ay:vG i f a om place (box) ay:vmygrnf / oif & m
S azG aom pm&if; rs m;ud k cvk w f a tmuf & d S Go To
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pum;vHk; odkYr[kwf oif ¤if;twGif Go To (tab) odkY csufcsif; razsmuf ao;bJ (tab) udk zGifhyg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
ud, k w f ikd f rSwrf v G af om wdkuf½dkuf jyay;xm;jyD; Go odrf;xm;wwfonf/ wpf
d ,
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 aemuf w pf e nf ; rS m
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
pum;vHk;rsKd;udk a&G;cs,f to what: wGif Bookmark enf;tm;jzifhoif toHk;jyKjyD; Word pmrsufESm\ atmuf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
udk a&G;cs,fxm;jyD;vnf; jzpf aom items rsm;udk pm&if; buf nmbufaxmifh tpGef
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
trnfay;yg/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
rSwcf suf onf/ nmbufwGif book- rSwx
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 f m;qJ jzpfonf/ odYk jzpf wGif scroll bar abmifay:ü
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Bookmark twGuf trnf mark trnfukd ½du
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 k x f nfEh ikd f í yxrwpfMudrf &Smxm; Mwd*HyHk jrm;OD;ESpfckxyfvsuf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
ay;&mwG i f uG u f v yf rcH & onf / od Y
k r[kw f document aom bookmark onf Mum;wGif tpuf0dkif;uav;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
yg/ tu,fí pum;vHk;udk twGif; oif wnfaqmuf aemuf wpf Mudrf wGif vnf; wpfckudk awGU&ygrnf/ ¤if;
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
jcm;vdkygu - (dash) odkY xm;onfh bookmark rsm; MudKwifjyay;xm;ygvdrrhf nf/ udk uvpfwpfcsuEf ySd v
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 f u kd yf g
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
r[k w f (underscores) pm&if;udk jyay;xm;ygrnf/ u Browse Settings
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
¤if ; rS oif a &muf v d k o nf h Bookmarks rsm;udk zsujf cif; cvkwf ay:vmjyD; ¤if;wGif
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
xnfhay;&ygrnf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
- Add ud k uvpf vky f pmrsufESmrS bookmark udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Bookmarks rsm;ud k rnfonfhenf;vrf;jzifh pm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vdkufyg/ xdktcg dialog a&G;cs,fEdkifonf/ xdkYaemuf rvdktyfí jyefzsufvdkaom rsufESmwpfckckudk &Smvdkonf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
box aysmuf o G m ;ygrnf / Go To cvkwu f kd uvpf vkyf tcgvG,u f yl gonf/ Book- udk a&G;cs,fEdkifonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
k yf gjyD/ vdkufyg/ Document onf marks udk wnfaqmufpOfu aemufwpfenf;rSm
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Book-mark udk oH;k Edi
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
tay: odkYr[kwf atmufodkY dialog box udyk if toH;k jyKjyD; - Ctrl+F = Find (tab) udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Bookmarks rsm;ud k vnfoGm;jyD; bookmark jyK Delete cvkwfudk EdSyfvdkuf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
zGifhjcif;/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
ausmv f mT ; ckeu f ;l &SmazGjcif; vkyfxm;onfh pmom;&dS&m jcif;tm;jzifh tqdkyg book- - Ctrl+H = Replace udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Bookmarks rsm;ud k wGif &yfomG ;ygrnf/ Dialog mark udk zsufEdkifygonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 zGifhjcif;/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
toH k ; jyKjcif ; onf wnf ud k Close
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 vk y f yd w f E d k i f y g - Ctrl+G or F5 = Go To
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
aqmuf&onfxufyif ydkrdk onf/ yd
í
k jr efa om enf;vrf; rsm; udk zGifh/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
vG , f u l o nf / tjref q H k ; Find and Replace - Status bar udk uvpf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
enf;vrf;wpfckrSm F5 uD;udk rSwcf suf
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
(box) wG i f Find, Replace, ESpfcsufEdSyf = Go To udk
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 Go to (dialog box) oH k ; ck
oHk;jcif;jzpfonf/ F5 uD;udk Find, Replace ESihf Go
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121 zGifhjcif;wdkYjzpfonf/
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
Edy
S v
f u
k
d y
f gu Find and Re- To (dialog boxes) rsm; wGif &dSonf/ odkYjzpfí box wpfck
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
21234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678901234567890121
{jyD? 2008 169
uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Java Developer Guide

Chapter (6)
6.3 USING THE AWT COMPONENTS, FLOWLAYOUT ILLUSTRATE
FlowLayout eJY ywfoufwhJ oifcef;pmudk Java Swing (4), Index 4.2 rSm &Sif;vif;azmfjyay;jyD;om;rdkY odyfjyD;awmh
Components awGtaMumif;udk oifMum;ydkYcspOfrSm oifMum; rS tus,fcsJU r&Sif;jyawmhygbl;/ uJ FlowLayout Class eJY
ay;cJhzl;ygw,f/ wdwdususajym&&ifawmh Chapter (4), ywfoufwmawGukd oufqidk &f m oifcef;pmtvku d f &Si;f jyay;
Sub_Index 4.2 Using the Basic Interface Layout qdkwJh ygOD;r,f/ avhvmvdkufygOD;/
oifcef;pmacgif;pOftaeeJYygyJ/ tJ'D oifcef;pmwkef;u Lay-
out Manager Type awG jzpfwJh • FlowLayout Class
• FlowLayout - A FlowLayout Layout manager positions the com-
• GridLayout ponents so they flow from left to right and from
• BorderLayout top to button.
• CardLayout - When the right corner is reached, the next com-
• GridBagLayout ponent is placed on left border of the next row.
tp&SdwJh Layout Manager Type awGudk jynfhjynfhpHkpHk &Sif; - When the container is resized, the next compo-
vif; wifjyay;cJzh ;l ygw,f/ vdt
k yfvm&if tJ'D oifcef;pmawG nent are re-laid out according to the same
udk jyefvSefavhvmyg/ tJ'D Swing Components awGeJYtwl guidelines.
xnhfoGif; toHk;jyKcJhwJh FlowLayout Manager [mvnf; - FlowLayout is default Layout manager for the
tckvuf&Sd oifcef;pmxJrSm yg0ifwJh AWT Package (or) Panel and Applet Class.
Container Class xJrSm yg0ifwJh Layout Manager ygyJ/ - FlowLayout( )Constructor :
'Dawmh oufqidk &f m AWT Components awGeYJ ,SOw f jJG yD;awmh • Public FlowLayout ( );
rS toHk;csMuwmayghaemf/ • Public FlowLayout (int Alignment);
tcka&;jycJhwJh tcsuftvufawGuawmh FlowLayout
• Layout Managers Class vdkY ac:a0:wJh Class &JU Features &,f? oufqkdifwJh
A Layout Manager is an object that is responsible constructor function method ( ) &,fukd a&;om;jyay;xm;
for the positioning and dimensioning of the compo- ygw,f/ 'Dtwkid ;f yJ wku
d ½f u
kd f toH;k jyKvkYd &Ekid o
f vkd parame-
nents contained inside a Container object. ter_argument ae&mrSm FlowLayout udk b,fae&mrSm pDpOf
Container Class (or) Object twGi;f rSmyg0ifwhJ com- ay;apcsiwf ,fqwdk mudk owfrwS af y;Ekid zf YkdtwGuyf gyJ/ [kwjf yD
ponents awG Oyrmtm;jzifh Button, Panel, Frame, Scroll- aemf/ 'Dawmh overloading method ( ) t& pmzwfol pa-
Pane tp&SdwhJ Components awGudk Positioning & Di- rameter xnhfa&;onfjzpfap? xnfhra&;onfjzpfap tqif
mensioning t& owfrSwfae&mcsay;EkdifzdkYtwGuf Layout ajyovkd toHk;jyKEkdifygw,f/ tqifajyatmif FlowLayout
Manager awGudk toHk;jyKwmygyJ/ [kwfjyDaemf/ Chapter Class u pDpOfay;rSmygyJ/

170 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
uJ 'Dawmh Constructor method jzpfwJh FlowLayout Analysis
( ) Function &JU parameter ae&mrSm xnfo
h iG ;f vdYk&whJ Align- 1/ 'D Listing 6.3 rSmawmh awt package file (2) ckudk De-
ment Constants udk avhvmMunhfMu&atmif/ clare & Import vkyfxm;ygw,f/
import java.awt.*;
Alignment Constants; import java.awt.event.*;
Alignment Constants taeeJYuawmh ta&SUu jyD;cJw h hJ qkdjyD;awmhrS a&;om;xm;wmudk awGUjrif&rSmyg/ tJ'D
oifcef;pmjzpfwhJ Chapter (4) udk jyefveS f avhvm&if awGU&rSm aemufrmS awmh primary class jzpfwhJ AWTFlowLayout
jzpfovdkygyJ/ qkdwJh class udk a&;om;ygw,f/ tJ'D class udk zefwD;&m
• FlowLayout.LEFT rSm Frame Class udk extends vkyfxm;ygw,f/ 'D
• FlowLayout.CENTER Class_Name eJY trnfwl constructor function ( )
• FlowLayout.RIGHT jzpfwJh AWTFlowLayout ( ) method udk vkdif;eHygwf
qdkjyD;awmh awGUjrif&rSmygyJ/ 'g[mqkd&if Layout udk Align- (4)rSm a&;om;ygw,f/ tJ'D method &JU tzGifh brace {
ment t& Manage vkyz f Ykd pDpOfEidk zf YkdtwGuyf gyJ/ [kwjf yDaemf/ udkvnf; pmzwfol owdjyKrdrSmyg/ jyD;awmh zefwD;r,fh
uJ 'Dawmh FlowLayout eJY ywfoufjyD;awmh tajymif;tvJ Output_Windows &JU Title_Bar rSm yg0if&r,fh pmom;
jzpfomG ;atmif vufawGUavhvmjyD;cJw h hJ AWT Components twGuf SetTitle ( ) method udk toH;k jyKjyD;awmh atmuf
&JU Button awGudk toHk;jyKjyD;awmh avhvmMu&atmifvm;/ ygtwkdif; a&;om;ygw,f/
setTitle ("Mixed the FlowLayoutManager and
Listing6.3 Using the AWT Components, Flow Button");
Layout Illustrate tJ'DaemufrSmawmh SetLayout ( ) method udk toHk;jyK
1 . import java.awt.*;
2 . import java.awt.event.*;
jyD;awmhrS olY&JU arguments ae&mrSm FlowLayout
3 . public class AWTFlowLayout extends ()method udk xnhfoGif;ygw,f/ 'g[m FlowLayout-
Frame { Manager vkyfzdkYygyJ/ uJ [kwfjyDav/ FlowLayout ( )
4 . public AWTFlowLayout(){
method udk toHk;jyK&mrSm b,fyHkpHeJYrsm; Alignment
5 . setTitle ("Mixed the FlowLayoutManager
and Button"); csdefnd§xm;ovJqkdwm avhvmvdkufygOD;/ Alignment
6 . setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout. CENTER taeeJYygyJ/ 'gaMumifh vkdif;eHygwf (6)rSm-
CENTER));
7 . For(int i=0; i<10;++i)
8 . { add (new Button("button" + i));}
setLayout (new FlowLayout (FlowLayout.CENTER));
9 . addWindowListener(newWinClosing());
10. SetBounds (300, 300, 350, 150);
11. SetResizable (true);}
12. public static void main (String args SetLayout ( ) method \ FlowLayout( )method
[]) argument ae&mwGif xnhfoGif; \ argument ae&mwGif
13. { AWT FlowLayout awtfl=new AWTFlowLayout
( );} toHk;jyKonf/ xnhfoGif; csdefnd§&aom
14. } Alignment jzpfonf/ ,ck
15. class winClosing extends windowAdapter
{ program wGif Alignment
16. public void windowClosing (windowEvent CENTER xm;xm;onf/
we)
17. { System.exit(0);}
18. } 'gqkd&ifawmh vuf&Sd toHk;csaewJh program rSm AWT
uJ tcka&;jycJw
h hJ Code_Line awGuawmh AWT Com- Component awG (Oyrmtm;jzifh button awGudkayghaemf/
ponent Button awGukd FlowLayout Manager eJY ,SOwf jJG yD; Frame_Window &JU b,fae&mrSm x,y coordinate t&
toHk;csxm;wJh program yJ jzpfygw,f/ 'Dawmh Code_Line owfrw S af y;p&mrvkad wmhbeJ YJ FlowLayout ( ) method
wpfaMumif;csif; Analysis vkyfjyD;awmh avhvmMu&atmif uom Alignment CENTER xm;jyD;awmhrS csdefnd§ay;
vm;/ awmhrSmyg/ 'gqdk&ifawmh uRefawmfwdkY tvkyfvkyf&wm

{jyD? 2008 171

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
vG,u
f o
l mG ;jyDayghaemf/ 'Dtck a&;jycJw
h hJ yHpk t
H wkid ;f swing Swing Package & Components awGukd ac:,l toH;k jyK
components & package awGukd toH;k jyKjyD;awmhrS List- pOfwkef;u toHk;jyKcJhwJh method ( ) jzpfwJh-
ing 4.2 Demonstrate the FlowLayout method setDefaultCloseOperation ( JFrame.EXIT_ON_
qdjk yD;awmhrS a&;jycJjh yD;om; yg/ Program_Name uawmh CLOSE);
Alphabet.java qdkwJhemrnfeJYyg/ tJ'D program udk jyef method eJY wlnDygw,f/ tJ'D method ( ) u Swing
vSefjyD;awmh avhvmr,fqkd&ifawmh ydkjyD;awmhrS tqifajy Package xJrmS yg0ifwhJ method yg/ tck oifcef;pmawG
r,f? em;vnfvG,fr,fvdkY xifygw,f/ tckvuf&Sd oif rSm toHk;jyKaewhJ-
cef;pmtjyD;rSmvnf; FlowLayout( )method eJY ywf addWindowListener (new WinClosing ( ) );
oufjyD;awmhrS Sample program wpfcu k kd xyfrjH yD;awmhrS method uawmh awt package xJrSm yg0ifwJh Event
ydkYcsay;yghr,f/ uJ tckawmh qufvufjyD;awmh Listing Listener awGukd rDc
S t
dk oH;k jyKaewJh method yJ jzpfygw,f/
6.3 &JU Code_Line awGudk qufvufavhvmMu&atmif uJ 'Dawmh qufvufavhvmMu&atmif/ tJ'aD emuf vkid ;f
vm;/ eHygwf (10)rSm setBounds ( ) method udk toH;k jyKxm;yg
2/ uJ FlowLayout( )method udk toHk;jyKjyD;awmhrS Lay- w,f/ tJ'D setBounds ( ) method xJrSm arguments
out ydik ;f qkid &f mrSm Manage vkyjf yD;jyDqrdk aS wmh oufqidk &f m (4) ck xnho f iG ;f a&;om;xm;wmuawmh Output_Frame
AWT Components &JU Button Object awGudk for udk azmfjyay;r,fh Desktop Screen &JU x,y coordinate
looping eJY ywfxw k jf yD;awmhrS wyfqifay;rSmygyJ/ [kwjf yD system &JU owfrSwfcsuf&,f? Frame &JU t&G,ftpm;jzpf
aemf/ wJh Width = 350, Height = 150 qdkwm&,fudk owf
for (int i = 0; i < 10;+ + i) rSwx f m;wJh arguments awGyJ jzpfygw,f/ 'gudk ta&SUu
int i [m 0 uae pr,f/ i wefzkd;[m 10 xufawmh i,f oifcef;pmawGrSmvnf; em;vnf oabmaygufjyD;om;
r,f/ i udk prefix increment order t& wpfckjyD;wpfck jzpfrSmyg/ tJ'Daemufydkif; eHygwf (11)rSmawmh output
wkd;ygqkdjyD;awmhrS Looping ydwfxm;wmygyJ/ Looping tjzpf azmfjyay;vmwJh Frame_Windows udk csKHUcsJUrvkyf
wpfywf ywfwkdif;? increment taeeJY 1 wdk;vkdufwkdif; Ekid af p&ef SetResizable (false) qkjd yD;awmhrS arguments
for Looping &JU brace { xJukd 0ifjyD;awmhrS add ( ) udk false xm;jyD;awmhrS zefw;D cJyh gw,f/ avhvmMunhyf g/
method udk toHk;jyKjyD;awmh parameter arguments tJ'Dvkdif;eHygwf (11)rSmyJ constructor function ( ) &JU
ae&mrSm new button ( ) qkdjyD;awmhrS zefwD;ygw,f/ Close brace } udk vmydwfxm;ygw,f/ pmzwfol awGU
'Dawmh Looping wpfywfywfvu kd w
f idk ;f rSm Button Class jrif&rSmyg/
udk wpfcgac:jyD;awmhrS new object tjzpf zefwD;aewm 3/ Main ( ) Function udkawmh vkdif;eHygwf(12)rSm a&;om;
ygyJ/ [kwfjyDaemf/ Button ( ) constructor method &JU xm;wmudk awGUjrif&rSmyg/ tJ'D main( ) function
parameter argument ae&mrSm Button_ Label tjzpf xJrSmawmh bmrQ taxGtxl; a&;om;xm;wm r&SdbJeJY
xnhfoGif;vdkY &Ekdifygw,f/ 'gaMumifh tay:rSm zefwD;cJhwJh AWTFlowLayout Class udk
"button" + i Object_Name awtfl vdkY trnfay;jyD;awmh ac:,lvdkuf
qdkjyD;awmhrS xnhfoGif;xm;wmyJ jzpfygw,f/ Looping wmygyJ/ 'Dawmh Class_Name eJY emrnfwlwJh con-
ywfwm[m 10 Mudraf jrmuf? ude;f eHygwf 10 a&mufatmif structor function ( ) [m tvkt d avsmuf 0ifvmjyD;awmh
wk;d jyD;oGm;wJrh mS for Statement eJY ppfaq;ygw,f/ 'Dtcg rS tvkyfvmvkyfrSmyg/ Main ( ) function &JU Close
10 [m 10 xuf ri,fygbl;/ 'Dawmh for looping &JU brace } udkawmh vkdif;eHygwf (13) rSm vmjyD;awmh ydwf
atmufu brace { block xJudk 0ifvdkYr&awmhygbl;/ xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/
'Dawmh atmufu vdik ;f eHygwf (9)udk qufqif;oGm;jyDaygh vdkif;eHygwf(14) rSm vmydwfxm;wmuawmh primary
aemf/ class jzpfwhJ AWTFlowLayout Class &JU tydwf Close
tJ'Dvdkif;eHygwf (9)rSmawmh add windowListener( ) brace } yJ jzpfygw,f/ vdkif;eHygwf (15)uae (18)txd
method udk toH;k jyKjyD;awmhrS Output_Windows tjzpf a&;om;xm;wJh WinClosing Class [m primary class
xGuv f mr,fh Frame_Windows udk ydwyf pfzYkdygyJ/ 'g[m eJY roufqkdifwJh oD;jcm; class wpfckjzpfygw,f/ tJ'D

172 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
WinClosing Class xJrSmawmh WindowClosing ( ) rSmyg/ 'DtcgrSm atmufyg command eJY clear the screen
methodudk a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ Code_Line uawmh vkyfvkdufygOD;/
ta&SUrSm &Sif;jy cJhjyD;om; Code_Line ygyJ/ CLS ↵
System.exit(0); uJ 'gqdk&ifawmh C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin> qkdwJh prompt
'D Code_Line udk vdik ;f eHygwf(18)rSm a&;om; azmfjyxm; oauFway:aewJt h csderf mS atmufyg command udk toH;k jyK
ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/ jyD;awmhrS AWTFlowLayout.java program udk compile
uJ tck &Sif;jyxm;cJhwJh tcsuftvufawG[m Listing vkyfvdkufyg/
6.3 taeeJY a&;om;azmfjyxm;wJh program &JU Code_Line javac AWTFlowLayout.java ↵
awGygyJ/ Code_Line awGudk Analysis vkyfjyD;awmhrS avh uJ tckvdkrsKd; compile vkyfvkdufvdkY Error r&Sdawmhbl;qkd&if
vmjyD;oGm;jyDqadk wmh pmzwfot l aeeJY 'D Listing 6.3 udk Start atmufyg command eJY run jyefvkyf&rSmyg/
→All Programs→ Accessories→ NotePad xJrSm oGm; java AWTFlowLayout ↵
jyD;awmhrS ½dkufoGif;yg/ jyD;&ifawmh tJ'Dh File_Name udk tckvdkrsKd; AWTFlowLayout.java program udk compile
Class_Name twkdif;yJ AWTFlowLayout.java vdkY trnf & Run vkyx f m;yHu
k kd Figure 6.8 taeeJY a&;om;azmfjyay;xm;
ay;vdkufyg/ tJ'D File udk save vkyf&r,fh DIRECTOR_ ygw,f/
PATH uawmh C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin qkw d hJ DIR atmufrmS
ygyJ/ uJ Code_File udak &;om;jyD;awmh AWTFlowLayout.
java vdYk trnfay;xm;yHu k kd Figure 6.7 taeeJY a&;om;azmfjy
ay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/

Figure 6.8 Compile & Run of the

AWTFlowLayout.java

Figure 6.8 rSm azmfjyxm;ovdkrsKd; Compile & Run

vkyfvdkufjyDqkdwmeJY atmufrSm azmfjyxm;wJhtwkdif; Button
Component awGudk toHk;jyKjyD;awmh FlowLayout Man-
ager eJY pDpOftoH;k jyKxm;wJh Output_Frame av;udk awGUjrif
&rSmygyJ/
Figure 6.7 Write the program Code_Line in the
Notepad, AWTFlowLayout.java

uJ Figure 6.7 rSmazmfjyxm;wJt h wkid ;f Code_Line awG

udk a&;om;jyD;awmh AWTFlowLayout.java vkdY trnfay;
jyD;awmh save vkyfjyD;jyDqkd&ifawmh Start → Programs →
Accessories → Command Prompt (DOS) udk oGm;zGifh
vdu k yf g/ Command Prompt [m yGiv hf mjyDq&dk if J2SDK &JU Figure 6.9 Run the program, AWTFlowLayout.java
DIR atmufukd a&mufEi dk zf Ykd twGuf change vkyaf y;&ygr,f/
'gaMumifh atmufyg Command_Line eJY DIR Change tck azmfjyxm;wJh Figure 6.9 udk avhvmjyD;oGm;jyDq&dk if
vkdufyg/ awmh FlowLayout Class eJY ywfoufjyD;awmh ykdjyD;awmh
CD C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin ↵ em;vnfoabmaygufomG ;atmif Sub-Index 6.3.1 Demon-
'gqkd&ifawmh olY&JU Prompt oauFw[m C:\j2sdk strating FlowLayout alignments qdkjyD;awmhrS qufvuf
1.4.1_01\bin > qkw d hJ prompt oauFwtjzpf ajymif;vJomG ; ykdYcsay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/

{jyD? 2008 173

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
6.3.1 Demonstrating FlowLayout alignments
'Doifcef;pmudk ykdYcs&wmuawmh JAVA Developer 40. //re-align attached components
41. Layout.LayoutContainer (c);
Guide VOL-I udk a&;om;pOfrmS xnfo h iG ;f cJw
h hJ oifcef;pmawG 42. }
eJYywfoufjyD;awmhrS pmvSr;f ar;MuwmawG? tjyeftvSef aqG; 43. }
44. ) ;
aEG;wmawG &Scd yhJ gw,f/ 'Dtcg LayoutManager eJY ywfouf 45. C.add (center);
jyD;awmhrS ydkjyD;awmh jynfhjynfhpHkpHkodcsifwJh ausmif;om;eJY avh 46.
47. right=new JButton ("Right");
vmolawGtwGuf atmufrmS azmfjyxm;wJh oifcef;pmudk xyfrH 48. right.addActionListener (
jznfph u
G f ydYk cs&wmygyJ/ uJ atmufrmS a&;om;xm;wJh Listing 49. new ActionListener ( ){
50. Public Void actionPerformed (Action-
6.4 udk avhvmvkdufygOD;/ Event e)
51. {
52. L a y o u t . S e t A l i g n m e n t
Listing 6.4 Demonstrating FlowLayout
(FlowLayout.RIGHT);
alignments
53.
1 . import java.awt.*;
54. //re-alignment attached components
2 . import java.awt.event.*;
55. Layout.LayoutContainer (c);
3 . import javax.swing.*;
56. }
4.
57. }
5 . public Class FlowLayoutDemo extends
58. ) ;
JFrames{
59. c.add (right);
6. private JButton Left,center, right;
60.
7. private Container c ;
61. SetSize (300,75);
8. private FlowLayout Layout;
62. Show ( );
9.
63. }
10. public FlowLayoutDemo ( )
64.
11. {
65. Public Static Void main (String args
12. super ("FlowLayout Demo");
[ ])
13.
66. {
14. Layout = new FlowLayout ( ) ;
67. FlowLayoutDemo app=new FlowLayoutDemo
15.
( );
16. c = getContentPane ( );
68.
17. c.SetLayout (Layout);
69. app.addWindowListener {
18.
70. new WindowAdapter ( ){
19. Left = new JButton ("Left");
71. Public Void WindowClosing (WindowEvent
20. Left.add ActionLinstener (
e)
21. new ActionListener( ) {
72. {
22. Public Void actionPerFormed (Action
73.
Event e)
74. System.exit(0);
23. {
75. }
24. Layout.SetAlignment (FlowLayout.LEFT);
76. }
25.
77. ) ;
26. // re-align attached components
78. }
27. Layout.LayoutContainer (c);
28. } 79. }
29. } uJ tcka&;jycJwh hJ Listing 6.4 [m AWT Components
30. ) ;
31. c.add (Left);
awGudkomruygbl;/ JButton, JFrame tp&SdwJh javax.-
32. swing.*; package xJu Swing Components awGudk ac:
33. center = new JButton ("Center");
34. center.addActionListener (
,l toH;k jyKxm;wmyJjzpfygw,f/ 'g[m FlowLayout eJYywf
35. new ActionListener ( ) { oufwJh tcsuftvufawGudk ydkjyD; em;vnf oabmayguf
36. public Void actionPerformed (Action
e)
apcsifvdkYygyJ/ uJ 'Dawmh 'D Program_ Code_Line awGudk
37. { Analysis vkyfrjyawmhygbl;/ pmzwfoludk,fwkdifyJ Trace
38. L a y o u t . S e t A l i g n m e n t ( F l o w L a y o u t .
CENTER);
vkyfjyD;awmhrS avhvmMunhfygvm;/
39. uRefawmfhtaeeJY tJ'Dh Listing 6.4 &JU Code_File udk

174 uGefysLwm*sme,f
 uGefysLwmoifcef;pm
1234567890123456
CD xJrSm xnfhoGif;ay;xm;ygw,f/ pmzwfol avhvmvdkY 1234567890123456
1234567890123456
&Ekdifatmifvnf; Save vkyfxm;wJh File yHkpHukdvnf; Fig- 1234567890123456
tifwmeufowif;
ure Layout taeeJY a&;om; azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/ pmzwfol
taeeJY avhvmjyD;awmh Analysis vkyfjyD;&if uRefawmfhqDudk
vSrf;ar;jyD;awmhrS aqG;aEG; ajymqkdEkdifygw,f/ vdktyf&if
vnf; tultnD vSrf;awmif;jyD;awmh pmzwfol&JU tjrifeJY
uRefawmfhbufu tjrifukd tjyeftvSef aqG;aEG;vdkY &Ekdifwm
ayghaemf/ uJ Notepad xJrmS Code_Line awGukd pmpDa&;om;
xm;yHkudk avhvmMu&atmifvm;/ avhvmMunhfvdkufygOD;/
Figure 6.10 taeeJY a&;om;xm;wmygyJ/ [kwfjyDaemf/

Kidaro udk rdkufu½dkfaqmhzfrS 0,f,l

rdkufu½dkaqmhzf ukrÜPDonf virtualisation specialist

[k emrnf&aeonfh Kidaro udk rwfv 13 &ufu
0,f,lvdkufonf[k aMunmygonf/ tpöa&;EdkifiH
tajcpdkuf Kidaro onf uGefysLwmESifh rD'D,mypönf;rsm;
\ screen wGif toHk;jyKolrsm; tm½HkcHpm;zG,fjzpfatmif
*&yfzpf'DZdkif; rGrf;rH jc,forIrsm;udk txl; zefwD;ay;ae
onfh enf;ynm ukrÜPDwpfckjzpfonf/ ,ck Kidaro \
zefwD;rIrsm;udk rdkufu½dkaqmhzf\ aqmhzf0Jrsm;wGif
aygif;pyfrnfjzpf&m uGefysLwmorm;rsm;twGuf
pdwf0ifpm;zG,fowif; jzpfaeonf/ ]]Kidaro &JU
ta&;ygwJh tpdwftydkif;awGeJY uRefawmfwdkY&JU
desktops awGudk rGrf;rHoGm;rSmyg/ oHk;pGJoltMudKuf
jzpfrSmyg}} [k 0if;'dk;pfpepf xkwfvkyfrI taxGaxGrefae*sm
Shanen Boettcher u qdkygonf/ txl;ojzifh
Windows XP ESifh Windows Vista platform rsm;wGif
rGrf;rH cs,fo[ef&dSonf/ ¤if;wGif uGefysLwmoHk;olrsm;u
olwdkY\ udk,fydkif[ejzifh pdwfMudKufjc,foEdkifjyD;
Figure 6.10 Write the program code_line in the tcsuftvuf vHkjcHKa&; twGufvnf; ydkrdk pGrf;aqmif
Notepad FlowLayoutDemo.java vmEdkifrnf[k qdkygonf/ aiGaMu;rnfrQjzifh 0,fvdkuf
onfudkawmh xkwfazmf rajymcJhyg/
KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]

{jyD? 2008 175