Pcpe 1\ic

I NEW SCHEME I
ME45
Reg. No. U-'----'---L-'- [
Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, January/February 2006
Mechanical Engineering
Fluid Mechanics
Jim<> 3 hrs! (Max. Marks: 100
Note: any FIVE fuN questions.
1. <a> Give reasons f{)r the following
i) The mlniscus of water Is concave upwards wt111e lhe rniniscus of mereury IS
convex upwards.
u) V scos!ty of liquids decrease on heating whereas viscosity at goses Increase
on 11eating.
i) Rain drops and tiny dew drops ore spherical 1r. (6 Marks)
(b) 1wo !lites of petrol weighs ldN. Calculate specific weight mass densliy, specific
volume and specific graving of petrol (2 Marko)
<c> Derrve tne expressions for surface tensoon on a lqu-d dropiet and soap bubble.
(4 Marko}
(dl A vortrcol gap 22mm W1de of infinite extension conl alns a fluid of viscosity 2.0 N.S/m2
end specific gravi ty 0 9. A metallic plol e J .2m x 1.2'171 x 0.2cm Is to be lifted up
wi lh a constant velocity ofO.lS m/s. lnrougnlhe gop. 1flhe plate 1s assumed to be
oi 11o middle of the gap. determine the fcrcc roqt..ired The weight of the plate

2. <ol 1) Slate stability c rilenon to1 submerge<J and ft0011ng bod1es.
il) Derive on expression for metacenlllc height of flootil>g body us1ng analytical
mel had. (10 Marko)
(b) A con<s ot soecific grov>ly S ftootng In water wrth 1ts apex downwcrds. has r001us
R and vertical height H Show that for stable Aqu11ilx1Um of the cone.
[
RzsJ/3] 1/z
11
1 sl/3
(10 Marko}
3. (a} Deuvc thn expression for dnpth of cenlm of pressuro I rom the surface of of an
nclnrd plane surface lmrnersed In tlu1<i and her.co prove that centro of pressure
is below the cenlre of gravity tor an lmmnrs(!cl (6 Marks)
(b) P.. U tui..J< mrwometer .s used to memure 'he nf water In c pipe l1ne which
S 1 "' 'ss of atmo!'opheoc pressuro lrp r.ghl lonl> nt 'he monomoter contains
'n;;l<.;lJ"v urou rs op.>n to utrosphere I'"' ..;crcK tx:l'. .. eef' wator ond metcury ,
, ,. li'l1b. Deterl""' n th., p<I'Jssur{ nt we.,, u "11 rnon hne. it ll1f
n <>VI of mercury In 11\Eo iW05 0t Uhlh 1. lOun on 1 trH? surlcrr ,, a mercury I>'
n w.th the centro ul lhP [)ipe I' IIIP pmss1 "''c.! w< rtPr in f)lpe h11P Is redure<J
<.IHHI calc11lnlr> +1\., new dittr.wnc<-> ''
1
v<l nt mer< lilY Sketch the
' '- \. H H


Poge No .. 2 ME45
(c) An inclined rectangular sluice gcte AB 11inged at A or size l.2m x 1m. os show .
In the figure Is to control ltle discharge of wato1 Deterrnlne tl1o normal
Ioree to be oppl1ed a t B to open the gate (6 Marks)
" .
4. (a) Explain Lagrangian and Eulerian approaches of fluid flow study.
(b) Define
I) Path line
Iii) Streak t.ne
/1) Stream line
tv) Streak tube
(6 Marks)
(4 Marks)
(c) Does the stream function if> = 2:ey represent a physically possible ffow? If so.
determine ff'le velocity ot point (I 1) and sketch the stream function Atso determ1ne
the velocity potencial funcrion. (1 0 Marks)
5. (a) lhe pressure difference t:.P 1n o pipe of diameter D and length L due lo rur
bulent now depends on the velocity V, v1scoslty ,,, density p and roughness K
using Buckingham's 11 theorem. obtain on expression for tlP In lhe form of
Dorcy-Welsboch equation (10 Marks)
(b) Stole Bernoulli's theorem for an Incompressible flow stating all tho assumptions
Write Bernoulli's equonon applied between 2 Points on a stream 10 on Ideal
nuld and 1n a real fluid, (4 Marks)
(c) A pipe of 300mm diameter conveying 300 litres/sec of water has a nghl angled
bend In a horizonrol plano. Find the resultant force exerted on the bend If the
pressllfe at Inlet and outtol of ltle bend ore 245.25 kPo and 235.44 kPo respectively.
(6 Marks)
6. (a) Stole ltlo working principle of pilot tube. (2 Marks)
(b) A horiZontal venturmeter with 30cm diameter inlet and 10Cm throat JS used for
measuring the flow of wclor through o pipeline. If the pressure in pipe IS 150 kPo
and the vacuum pressure at the throat Is 40cm of mercury. cotcufate ttw rote
of foow Assume 57' or (Jotlerenhal head is lost between the prpe rnoin o11d rhe
throat section r1nd the coefflcrent Take specific woluht of w<Jinr as
l 0/dV j m 3 (1 0 Marks}


rVIC .. O
7. (a) Explain ~ " l e concept ol the total energy line and hydraulic grcdlont linn foi fluid
flow (4 Marks)
(b) Two p;pns of dlomeler 0 and a With equal ienglh L Cli O consideted If the pipes ore
(Wonged In parallel. the loss of haoo tor OithCr ptpe when a tolol quantity of water
liows through them Is h If ft)a pipes ore arranged In SOiies and the some quonlrty
Q !lows through 1hom lho Joss of hood is H. If d ~ 0.5D. find the percentage
ot total ow through eocn pipe whon placed In parallel and the ratio of H to h
'\Jeglucl minor lossos and ossume fncllon coefticionts to be consronls. (10 Ma1ksl
(c) F.nn th<.> diSplacement II 'iCkness and momentum thickness
(1tstr 01. !too in the boundary Ioyer grven by 1'j 2(!) ( f )
2
(a) Explain lrte terms .
i) tric lion drag 11) prosswe drag in) :itt
for the velocity
(6 Marks)
(6 Marks}
(b) Descnbo the Mach cone and Mach angle wi lh the help of neat sl<etches (6 Marks)
(c) A passenger cor with frontal projected or eo at 1.5m2 travels at 56 km/hr . Determine
!he power reqtured to over como wind resistance if the drag co-efficient of the
cor is 0.4 fake p of air = 1 .. 2kgfm
3
(4 Marks}
(d) CoiClilate the velocity and Mach number of a supersonic OI!Craft flying at an
attitude of 1 OOOm where the Jemperotlue Is 280 K Sound of the aircraft is heard
2 15 seconds after the possoge of oircrof1 on the head of on observer. Take
-y = I A l & R = 287 J /kg K. (4 Marks)