Scheduling and Dates

Configuration Document
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Scheduling and Dates 1 Dates

1.1 Define Scheduling Types
IMG Project System Dates Scheduling Define Scheduling Types The following scheduling types are used for networks: forward scheduling backward scheduling "today" scheduling determine capacity requirements only

You can specify the scheduling type you want as a default when you create a network depending on the network type in the scheduling control parameters.

Forward scheduling When you set this indicator, the system schedules: Orders forwards, based on the basic start date Collective orders forwards, based on the specified outline start date Networks forwards, based on the specified basic start date, and then backwards, based on the scheduled finish date or on the specified basic finish date Backward scheduling If you set this indicator the system schedules orders backwards starting from the basic finish date collective orders backwards starting from the framework finish date, networks backwards starting from the specified basic finish date, then forwards starting from the scheduled start date or the basic start date specified.

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Capacity requirements Specifies that the system only calculates capacity requirements.

In production orders, the system calculates the scheduled start and finish of the order by deducting the float before and after production from the basic order dates (order start and order finish). The calculated dates are written into all operations in the order. In networks, the system writes the basic dates from the network header into all activities in the network.

If you use this scheduling type, the dates of all the operations/ activities are identical. The capacity requirements are distributed across the period between the scheduled start and the scheduled finish. Schedule from current date If you set this indicator the system schedules orders und collective orders forward, starting at today's date networks backwards, starting at the basic finish date, and then forwards, starting at today's date. With time You use this indicator to determine for process orders and production orders that when you enter the basic dates, you can also enter the time.

1.2 Define Time Units

IMG Project System Dates Scheduling Define Time Units In this step, you define time units needed in scheduling, such as seconds, minutes, and decades.

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Click on

Click on It is here we create the new dimensions for the unit of measure. Click on

Click on It is here we create new ISO units if not available in the standard SAP. Click on

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Click on Here we create new unit of measures.

1.3 Define Reduction Strategies IMG Project System Dates Scheduling Define Reduction
Strategies In this step you define the reduction strategy and the reduction steps for scheduling. If the scheduled dates lie outside the basic dates given, the SAP system tries, step-by-step to reduce the lead time of the network/process order. Reduction strategies You use reduction strategies to control how the lead time of the operation can be reduced step-by-step. You can enter a reduction strategy in every operation. Reduction steps You can define as many as six reduction steps for each reduction strategy. For every reduction step you can specify what is to be reduced and by how much.

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Reduction strategies are defined for Plants and the Reduction levels are defined for the combination of reduction strategies and Plant. Click on Key in the Plant and the reduction strategy that we want to create.

Click on Now select Double Click on

Click on It is here we maintain the different reduction levels. We can maintain maximum 6 reduction levels. At each level we maintain by how much percentage, we can reduce the actual duration.

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Click on

1.4 Define Parameters for Network Scheduling

IMG Project System Dates Scheduling Define Parameters for Network Scheduling

Click on In this step you define control parameters for scheduling depending on the plant, the type of network and the production scheduler.

whether basic dates are to be adjusted if the network is shifted within the earliest/latest dates the scheduling type whether or how many days the start date can be in the past whether the dates are to be automatically recalculated on saving whether the error log is automatically displayed if errors were calculated in scheduling the number of days that the start date is in the past
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the reduction type that defines whether all the operations should be reduced or only those on the critical path maximum reduction level for reduction

Do the necessary parameter setting and click on

1.5 Define Parameters for WBS Scheduling

IMG Project System Dates Date Planning in WBS Define Parameters for WBS Scheduling The profile for WBS scheduling, contains the following control parameters:

whether the dates are to be recalculated automatically when saving whether the error log is displayed automatically if errors were determined during scheduling the number of days the start may be in the past whether basic dates are to be adapted if the earliest or latest dates of the network change
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maximum reduction level for reduction

The profile for WBS scheduling is stored in the project profile.

Click on Update the following

Click on

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Scheduling and Dates 2 Resources / Work Center

2.1 Work Center
An organizational unit that defines where and when an operation must be performed. The work center has an available capacity. The activities performed at or by the work center are valuated by charge rates, which are determined by cost centers and activity types. Work centers can be: Machines People Production lines Groups of craftsmen

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2.1.1 Specify Work Center categories

IMG Project System Resources Work Center Specify work center categories In this step, you specify the work center category and then assign it to an application. The work center category determines which data can be maintained in the master record of the work center. The work center category allows you to use work centers for different functions, such as scheduling or costing. You must assign each work center category to an application, for example, production, plant maintenance or networks.

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Click on Update the following data,

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Select the created work center category and double click

Click on Update the following data,

Click on Save

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2.1.2 Define Usage
IMG Project System Resources Work Center Define Usage To use work centers in (standard) networks, you must first define the work center usage. You can define different usages for the same work center, for example, across applications. Each usage you specify must also be assigned to a task list type. SAP has predefined various task list usages for work centers. For the Project System, the usage "network" is assigned the task list type "standard network". This assignment is also valid for networks.

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Select Click on Update the following data

and double click on

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Click on Save

2.1.3 Specify person responsible for work center

IMG Project System Resources Work Center Specify person responsible for work center Here we create person responsible for work center for a plant. Click on

Click on

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2.1.4 Maintain data for default work center
IMG Project System Resources Work Center Maintain data for default work center

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You can define default values for each work center category. These default values are used when you create a work center. You can define the following default values:

basic data default values for the activity scheduling capacities

Enter Plant and the work center category for which the default data need to be maintained. Maintain the values in each of the tab page

Click on

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Now select

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Click on Save

2.1.4 Define screen selection for work center

IMG Project System Resources Work Center Define screen selection for work center

In this step, you specify which screens you assign to a work center category the sequence in which the SAP System should display the screens whether scheduling types and cost elements are maintained whether the maintenance of the screens is mandatory

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Example You can choose between the following screens: basic data default values for the activity capacities scheduling cost center assignment technical data position in hierarchy assignment to the HR system (for people and qualifications)

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Note Basic data must always be the first screen in the sequence.

Enter the work center category

Select Maintain the number in which it is required to appear. Remove if not required.

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Click on Save

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2.2 Define Capacity categories
IMG Project System Resources Define Capacity Categories In this step you can assign several capacities belonging to different categories to one work center. Capacity categories can be, for example: machine labor setup crew emissions You must maintain the available capacity for every capacity category (for example, shift start, shift end, calendar, etc). You can maintain default values for this data per plant and capacity category.

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Click on

and update the following:

Capacity category: Key which describes capacity in more detail. The capacity category enables you to determine whether it is machine or labor capacity. You can allocate capacities of different capacity categories to a work center. Description of the capacity category: More detailed description of the capacity category. Indicator: People possible as individual capacities: Indicator you use to specify that people can be assigned as individual capacities to this capacity category. Actual values not updated when confirming individual capacity: This indicator specifies that no actual values / actual costs are written to the operation, when an individual capacity of this capacity category is confirmed. Click on Save
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2.3 Define Capacity planners
IMG Project System Resources Define Capacity planners In this menu option, you can define the person or group of people responsible for planning certain capacities. Click on Key in the Capacity Planner and description.

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Click on Save

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2.4 Define Shift sequences
IMG Project System Resources Define Shift sequences The SAP standard package contains settings for various shift sequences. Activities You should define the following: 1. Groupings 2. Shift sequences 3. Shift definitions 4. Work break schedules

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Grouping

Using the grouping you can create shift sequences and shift definitions for special areas (for example, different plants or different areas of a plant) and when maintaining the available capacity choose from between work centers.

Click on

and update the following data:

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Select the grouping ZS and double click on

Work break schedule

Here you define parameters that describe the individual work break schedules in more detail, as for example: Start Finish Break times

Click on

and update the following data:

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Now select the BRK1 line and double click on

Shift definition

Here you define the parameters common to several work centers that describe the individual shifts in more detail, for example: Start Finish Break times Validity period of a shift

Click on

and update the following data:

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Select on 1SHT line and double click on

Shift sequences

You can assign the shift sequence of a capacity category as the available capacity at the work center. You define a sequence of shifts per weekday. The shift sequence represents a collection of shift definitions. In capacity planning the system uses the predefined values from the shift definition to determine the available capacity of a work center. The system calculates the following values: the capacity the actual operating time for the capacity

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Click on and update the following data:

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Click on Save

2.5 Maintain Control Parameters for Availability Check

IMG Project System Resources Maintain Control Parameters for Availability Check In this step, you define the control for the availability check of capacities in networks. You determine which check is carried out by plant and network type. If you want the system to check for available capacity automatically with the status created or when you release the network, you should make sure that the indicator No check is NOT set. If you do not enter your own overall profile for the capacity availability check in the field CapAvailOverPro, the system uses overall profile SAPSFCG013. SAP has predefined the period week for the period profile in this overall profile. Use the indicator release to specify, whether and how the network is to be release when there is not enough capacity. Manual release by user Automatic release No release

Availability Check control parameters are maintained for the combination of Plant and Network Order. We select an existing entry and modify the parameters as per our business requirement.

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Select any one combination of plant and network order and click on

Click on Save

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Scheduling and Dates 3 Formulas

3.1 Define Formula Parameters
IMG Project System Resources Formulas Define Formula Parameters

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You need formula parameters in work centers to: describe standard values define formulas

You can define these standard values as you wish. The most common standard values are setup and machine time ("tr" or "te" according to REFA). In certain situations you must also define additional standard values, such as labor time and/or cleanout times. Moreover, complex manufacturing processes require additional planning capabilities, such as calculation of energy or spatial requirements.

Click on

and update the following data:

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Click on Save

3.2 Maintain Formula Definitions

IMG Project System Resources Formulas Maintain Formula Definitions

You can link the formula parameters mathematically, for example, with the following operators: addition subtraction multiplication division => => => => + * /

Formulas are used in Calculate capacity requirement Schedule the start and end of the operation Calculate the cost

Formulas will be assigned in the work center capacity view, scheduling view and in costing view.

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Click on

and update the following data:

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Indicators Generate: With this indicator you control whether a coding is generated for a formula or a standard value key. Use

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If you set this indicator, an ABAP command will be created for the formulas you entered in customizing. This ABAP command can be executed directly by the system. If you don't set this indicator, the object will only be read during scheduling or costing. Therefore, for performance reasons, you should use this indicator for frequently used standard values or formulas.

Allowed for Calculation: With this indicator you control whether the formula can be used to calculate costs.

Work Center for Capacity Requirements: With this indicator you can control whether the formula can be used to calculate capacity requirements. PRT allowed for Requirements: With this indicator you control whether the formula can be used for calculating requirements (quantities, usage values) of production resources/tools. Allowed for Scheduling: With this indicator you control whether the formula can be used in scheduling.

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Scheduling and Dates 3 Material

3.1 Availability check
In the following steps you can make all the settings necessary to configure the material availability check in networks. Whether an availability check is carried out and its extent is determined by: the checking rule the checking group In networks, only those material components which have the item category "L" (stock item) are checked. Each material that is to be part of the availability check must be assigned to a checking group. This assignment is carried out in the material master record on the MRP view.

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3.1.1 Define Checking Rules

IMG Project System Material Availability CheckDefine Checking Rules You can define checking rules for different applications, such as: MRP Sales and Distribution inventory management There are standard checking rules available in SAP system. The checking rule relevant for us is PS as shown below

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3.1.2 Define Checking Scope
IMG Project System Material Availability CheckDefine Checking Scope Checking group and checking rule determine the checking scope. You can specify: which elements relevant to MRP (goods receipts/goods issues) are taken into account (for example purchase requisition, purchase order) which stock categories are taken into account whether replenishment lead time is checked which goods receipts and goods issues are to be included in the availability check which stocks are to be included in the availability check whether the check is to be carried out with or without replenishment lead time

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Checking rule PS is maintained for: 01 Daily requirement 02 Individual requirement CH Batches

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It is here we maintain all the necessary parameters for the combination of Availability Check and Checking Rule.

3.1.3 Define Checking Control

IMG Project System Material Availability CheckDefine Checking Control In this menu option, you define the control for the availability check of materials, production resources/tools and capacities. Which check rule is to be used and whether a check is to be carried out, is specified depending on plant and network type and the business transaction, for example, whether the check is to take place when creating or releasing a network.

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Select Click on

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You can specify the following parameters for the availability check of the material:

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whether the availability is checked the check rule whether the network can be released if no material is available

You can specify the following parameters for the availability check of the production resources/tools:

whether the availability is checked the check rule whether the network can be released if no production resource/tool is available

You can specify the following parameters for the availability check of capacities:

whether the availability is checked the overall profile for the capacity requirements check whether the network can be released, if there is no capacity available.

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3.2 Procurement
In this section you set up the system for procuring materials: We can define combinations of settings for component procurement that are frequently used, so that you do not have to maintain these settings for each component. We can check the following settings: Account assignment types and purchasing document type of the purchase requisitions for networks Movement types for goods movements in the Project System We only have to make changes here, if you do not want to use the SAP standard settings. We can activate MRP groups for requirements grouping.

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3.2.1 Define Procurement Indicators for Material Components

IMG Project System Material Procurement Define Procurement Indicators for Material Components In this step you can define procurement indicators for frequently used combinations of settings for procurement, so that you do not have to always enter these settings. The indicator combines the following parameters: The priority for plant stock, project stock, and sales order stock; this determines in which stock the components are kept. Indicator for third party orders Indicator for preliminary requirements Item category You can set a procurement indicator for every component in the component overview. Alternatively, you can define a default value in the network profile. Once assigned, procurement indicators cannot be changed.

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Select Click on

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3.2.2 Check Account Assignment Categories and Document Types for Purchase Requisitions
IMG Project System Material Procurement Check Account Assignment Categories and Document Types for Purchase Requisitions

Use this step to specify purchasing item categories and a purchasing document type for purchase requisitions in the network.

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Purchase requisitions can be assigned to: Network The planned costs are updated in the network. WBS element, if the network is assigned to a WBS element The planned costs are updated in the WBS element. Sales order, if the network is assigned to a sales order The planned costs are updated in the sales order.

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3.3 Bill of Material Transfer
In the following steps you make the system settings for BOM transfer. You can create profiles for BOM transfer and specify reference points. The activity Define Fields in BOM and Activity as Reference Point is obsolete, since as from Release 4.6A there is a Reference point field in the BOM item and the network activity. However if you have defined fields in this activity, the system ignores the new Reference point field. Therefore you must delete existing entries in this activity so that you can use the new field.

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3.3.1 Define Profiles for Bill of Material Transfer

IMG Project System Material Bill of Material Transfer Define Profiles for Bill of Material Transfers In this step you create profiles for BOM transfer. Here you can store control parameters and selection criteria. When you enter the profile on the initial screen for BOM transfer, the system copies the parameters from the profile. You can, however, change these settings before you perform BOM transfer.

Select Click on

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3.3.2 Define Reference Points for BOM Transfer

IMG Project System Material Bill of Material Transfer Define Reference Points for BOM Transfers In this step you define reference points, which you can then use as a logical link between BOM items and network activities.

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Click on Click on

and create reference points as per the requirement.

3.3.3 Define Fields in BOM and Activity as Reference Points

IMG Project System Material Bill of Material Transfer Define Fields in BOM and Activity as Reference Points In this activity you can define fields in the BOM item and the network activity as reference points, or delete such a definition. Defining other fields as reference points is obsolete, since as from Release 4.6A there is a Reference point field in the BOM item and the network activity Recommendation We recommend that you use the new Reference point field. However, the system ignores this field, if other fields have been defined as reference points. Therefore you must delete existing entries in this Customizing activity, before you can use the new field.

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Scheduling and Dates 4 Confirmation

Confirmations document the state of processing for activities and activity elements in a network, and can be used to forecast progress in the future. Precise confirmations are very important for realistic and accurate project planning. Features You control the following business functions via confirmations: Reduction of work center capacity load Update of the actual costs based on the confirmed data Update of network data, such as duration, work, and status Update of dates for WBS elements Copy actual dates to milestone (depending on degree of progress) Removal of the billing block in the billing plan Back flushing and unplanned withdrawals of material components Posting of open reservations Activation of milestone functions Triggering of workflow processes when there are discrepancies in the confirmation

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You can make confirmations for activities, activity elements and individual capacities (splits).

5.1 Define Confirmation Parameters

IMG Project System Confirmation Define Confirmation Parameters The configurations for the confirmation are specified for each plant and network type. You can specify the following parameters:

when confirming, a final confirmation is automatically proposed the dates of the confirmation may lie in the future the error log for cost calculation is displayed percentages for the allowed deviation from work and duration

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Click on Update the following

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Click on

after maintain the necessary parameters.

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5.2 Define Causes for Variances
IMG Project System Confirmation Define Causes for Variances You can define causes for variance from the defaults in confirmation. Example Variances can be:

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excess activity consumption longer execution time activity was carried out at a different work center

By linking the key for a cause for variance with a user status, you can trigger a milestone function automatically based on the cause.

Click on We can create Variances with respect to specific plant and save the entires.

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