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0401ivdk; 22/11/2004; page2

The product
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Compipe is the first and only Composite coil pipe that has a thermo set liner & structural wall. Compipe can be produced in different winding patterns and structures to fulfill any special or engineering needs for the Oil & Gas industry or any pipeline project. Compipe is the result of over 10 years of committed research and development. Compipe can be used safely in the food industry, drinking water, etc.

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Design
Compipe consists of a thermo set pressure and chemical resistant inner liner/barrier, reinforced by high-strength glass fibers embedded in an epoxy matrix.

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Compipe design features

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To serve different markets and applications, ACP has developed several pipe designs, using identical composite materials with a thermo set Bisphenol A epoxy matrix. The matrix material is modified by ACP in order to obtain the best properties for the specific task and to maintain the unique properties of Compipe which are its flexibility & ultra high strength. The polymer liner/barrier material, which forms the inner tube, incorporates highly chemical resistant properties with high elongation at yield. The structural laminate possesses excellent mechanical properties. Due to the common generic matrix of both the liner/barrier material and the structural laminate, optimum (chemical) bonding between the two parts is guaranteed. Because of this unique property the risk of liner collapse due to rapid depressurization is eliminated.
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Manufacturing
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ACP uses the most advanced pull-winding technology currently available to produce Compipe. Winders loaded with glass fiber bobbins automatically wind around the thermo set inner liner/barrier. The pipe is pulled through the winding stations, enabling production of continuous length of Compipe. Production is fully computer controlled and monitored, enabling production of excellent and reliable composite pipe. Curing of the Bisphenol A Epoxy matrix is realized by UV radiation.

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Plant lay out

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Manufacturing features
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Curing of epoxy resins by UV (Ultra Violet) radiation. Almost unique within the fiberglass pipe industry UV curing has positive benefits ensuring a consistent level of cure throughout the pipe liner and wall. The absence of potentially harmful chemical hardeners within the curing process gives Compipe high suitability for potable water, foodstuffs and medical applications where amines are prohibited. Benefit to the work force with improved health and safety in the manufacturing environment.

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Applications
Compipe Coil Tubing & Flexible Pipes are ideal for both onshore and offshore applications such as:

Oilfield flow lines & gathering lines; Injection and secondary recovery systems; Gas gathering lines; Sub sea lines for gas, liquids and multiphase flow; Short term or temporary and reusable surface lines; Unstable soil and swamp conditions; Raw water intake lines; Brine lines; Geothermal and district heating; Potable water.
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Product Range
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Diameters from 1 inch (25mm) up to 24 inch (600mm). Pressure class from 150 psi (10 bar) up to 7,500 psi (500 bar). Special spools and pipe configurations. Working Temperature up to 100C.

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Flexible pipes 2 up to 24
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Compipe SL Single Laminate pipe, also known as full composite pipe:  1,5 mm thick inner liner/barrier, non-spoolable (plain end);  Civil and chemical applications, low pressure;  Working Pressure up to 55 bar (800 psi);  Pipe length 1.0 - 20.0 meters;  Standard length 11.8 meters. Compipe DL Dual Laminate pipe:  3.0 5.0 mm thick inner liner/barrier, plain end;  Water, oil and gas applications, low to high pressure;  Working pressure up to 275 bar (4,000 psi);  Pipe length 1 - 20 meters;  Standard length 11.8 meters.
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Coil tubing pipes 1 up to 10

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Compipe CTDL Dual laminate pipe for onshore applications:  3.0 - 5.0 mm thick inner liner/barrier, spoolable (coil tubing);  Water, oil and gas applications, low to high pressure;  Pipe length up to 5 km on coil (maximum length dep. on diameter);  Working pressure up to 500 bar (7,500 psi). Compipe CTTL Triple laminate pipe for offshore applications:  3.0 - 5.0 mm thick inner liner/barrier, spoolable (coil tubing);  4.0 mm thick abrasion resistant outer layer;  Water, oil and gas applications, low to high pressure;  Pipe length up to 5 km on coil (maximum length dep. on diameter);  Working pressure up to 500 bar (7,500 psi).

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Up to 5 km on a reel
It is really coil pipe.

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5 1.5 km on a reel, completely 100% hydro tested with Comlock end joints

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Road transportation

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Comlock coupling

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Packaging & Shipping

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Testing & Quality Control

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ACP has a culture of strict adherence to quality management principles established through the experience and background of its management team within the composites industry. Compipe can comply with all standards and applicable ASTM, API and ISO tests. Test reports and/or approvals can be produced on request according the customer requirements. ACP can guarantee an excellent and constant quality by monitoring and registering all significant production parameters. High pressure (burst) testing (up to 2,000 bars), fatigue testing and collapse pressure testing can be executed in house by ACP.

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Jointing systems
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Compipe can be joined using a range of ACP joining systems  COMLOCK  COMTHREAD  Thread & Lock  M-lock  Combond  Flanged joint

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COMLOCK

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COMTHREAD

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Thread & Lock

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The Compipe thread & lock adhesive bonded joint is a rigid, high strength composite joint. The joint consists of a threaded/tapered male pipe end and a double female coupling.

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M-lock
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The M-lock joint is a mechanical composite joint. The joint consists of an integral filament wound male end and a female coupling with locking device . The O-ring seal is positioned on the male end.

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Combond
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The Combond taper-taper adhesive bonded joint is a rigid, high strength composite joint. The joint consist of a taper male end (pipe) and a double female tapered coupling.

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Flanged joint
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Flanged joints are used to enable connections with steel piping, valves, pumps, instruments etc and also to allow for easy assembling and dismantling of lines.

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Installation
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Compipes installed cost is lower because the entire line arrives on site already built and assembled, pressure tested and ready for installation. Minimum number of joints results in smooth flow and reduced risk of having leaks from joints. ACP can provide Compipe on a contract basis, together with connections, transportation, supervision and coiling equipment for a predetermined and fixed price.

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Coil tubing installation on shore

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Coil tubing installation off shore

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Down hole tubing

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Compipe compared to the other pipe systems

Compipe Carbon steel Standard GRE Duplex steel

Corrosion resistant Temperature (C) Pressure (bar) Spoolable Max. length (coil) Couplings (or welds) for a 5 km. stretch Specific weight kg/m Service life (years) Friction inner surface Impact resistance

yes 100-120 500 yes

no >140 500 no

yes 120 170 no 12 m. 416 1.8 20 low low

yes >140 500 no 12 m. 416 7.5 15 low high

5.000 m. 12 m. 2 1.8 > 20 416 7.8 Av. 7

very low high high medium

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Avoid hidden costs during installation

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All GRE manufacture gives pipe prices per meter without installation cost. All adhesive bonded joints will need adhesive and bonding equipment. All mechanical joints will needs O-rings, locking keys, lubricants and tools.
Compipe Maximum length of pipe on the reel Compipe maximum length on real 50 80 100 125/150 200 5000 m 5000 m 3000 m 2200 m 4000 m Standard GRE pipe systems Assembly with bonded joints Number of joints depending upon unit pipe length Corresponding requirement for adhesives 6 m 2502 2502 1500 2202 6003 9 m 1668 1668 1002 1470 4005 10 m 1500 1500 900 1320 3600 11.8 m 1281 1281 768 1116 3051 Theoretic time (hrs) for making the joints Mechanical joints For o-rings -one or two per joint depending upon pressure rating. For locking keys as for orings. For make up time use approximately 20 % of time for bonded joints.

Pipe ND Mm

6 m 834 834 500 367 667

9 m 556 556 334 245 445

10 m 500 500 300 220 400

11.8 m 427 427 256 186 339

6 m 417 417 250 276 667

9 m 278 278 167 184 445

10 m 250 250 150 165 400

11.8 m 214 214 128 140 339

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Huge savings on MTO

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Due to the small bending radius of Compipe it is possible to avoid using elbows. GRE fittings are expensive. One elbow can be worth the price of more than 10 meters of pipe. Since standard GRE pipes comes in fixed lengths, in case of spools, a high percentage will be lost to adjust for the exact pipe length. D B A C E

Example: 45 m, BC 57 m, CD 105, DE 130 m

Joint Length
6m 9m 10 m 11.8 m

AE 337 m

Number Material % used waste of pipe joints 360 m 450 m 400 m 472 m 6.4 25 16 29

6 5 4 4

Plus Three Elbows

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How fast can we supply your line

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ACP production technology can manufacture 1.2 meter of pipe of any size and pressure class per minute per one production line. Average output 1300 meter per day (24hr/24hr) per line.

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Compipe performance
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Compipe outperforms carbon steel pipelines exposed to corrosive fluids and conditions and is at lower initial cost than high performance alloy steels. Compipe is not affected by C02 or supercritical C02. Compipe is not affected by sulphites or bacterial corrosion, Compipe is not prone to rodent attack.

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Compipe advantages
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Totally corrosion resistant to a wide range of chemicals. Long life cycle with superior resistance to Hydrocarbons and Chemicals. 20 year minimum design life. Low Friction due to the smooth thermo set inner liner. Light weight compared to carbon steel and other metallic systems. High Impact resistance. Operation within a wide temperature range, -20 oC to +100 oC. Ideal for sustained high pressure service up to 500 bar (7,500 psi) Absence of maintenance requirement for both inner liner and external surfaces. Reusable and Transportable. UV resistant. Please refer to Compipe Corrosion Guide for a list of specific chemical resistances.
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Operational advantages
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Pigging and hot oiling



PU Pigs can be run through Compipe to remove deposits and blockages such as paraffin and asphalt. In circumstances where a static charge may be generated conductive pipe is available on request. Compipe can be equipped with an embedded integral metal wire enabling accurate tracing of the buried line after installation. For any pipeline carrying valuable liquids leak monitoring facilities using embedded cable techniques can be offered. The high glass content and properties of the resin matrix make Compipe an excellent thermal insulator. Compipe can be offered complete with electrical trace heating ready for field installation.

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Static Discharges


Traceability


Leak monitoring


Thermal insulation
 

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Significant operational cost saving

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Maintenance is virtually eliminated releasing valuable man hours. Long continuous length of Compipe almost eliminates inline field joints, reducing risk of leaks. Exceptional speed of installation ensures production is on stream much earlier than with conventional pipeline systems. Larger internal diameter against the same nominal size in steel. Improved flow and operational characteristics due to the smooth interior of Compipe. Incorporating such benefits into the pipeline design stage can result in the following improvements:  Downsizing the pipeline diameter resulting in lower purchase cost of pipe;  Alternately reduce the number and/or power of pumping stations;  Higher acceptable velocities will minimize build up of paraffin, asphalt or other deposits in the line.
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Compipe advantages vs standard GRE pipes

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High mechanical properties.



 

The ACP manufacturing process allow us to easily and economically vary the orientation of the fiber winding angles for each layer in order to achieve very high mechanical properties. This flexibility allows to achieve high axial & hoop strengths. Compipe wall thickness is lower than the standard GRE pipes. Compipe liner/barrier is thicker and has high mechanical strength and more flexibility to prevent pipe from weeping and increases the pipe impact resistance.
Range of pipe sizes Pressure Range Coil tubing up to 500 bar Plain end up to 275 bar Dia / WP / WT / wt mm / bar / mm / kg/m 50/40/4(1.5)/1.1 300/40/11.5(1.5)/19.2 50/200/8(4)/2.3 300/150/16(6)/24.3 50/500/12(4)/3.7 200/200/15(6)/15.4 50/50/2.8/.8 300/50/13.6/24.9 (1:4) 300/70/18.8/33.9 (1:3)
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Compipe

Coil tubing up to 16 Plain end up to 24

Standard GRE

Up to 40

Up to 70 bar for small diameters and maximum 16 bar for large diameters

Very high impact resistance

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Compipe impact resistance is higher than all available fiberglass pipes in the market. The construction of the pipe wall is sturdy enough to resist harsh oil field conditions especially in unstable soil conditions (marshland & sub sea applications).

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Very small bending radius

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Due to the unique properties of Compipe the minimum allowable bending radius is far smaller than other glass reinforced Epoxy pipes produced by reciprocal filament winding methods. This enables Compipe to operate in unstable soil conditions in which other GRE pipes could collapse and rupture, with the additional benefit of minimizing the need for elbow fittings and couplings. Compipe has a bending Radius BR smaller than standard GRE pipes by at least 70% and up to 90% at the same working pressure.

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Compipe flexibility

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Compipe long term testing

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Pipe Data  IDp = 64 mm  IDL = 70.2 mm  OD = 92.2 mm Test is in accordance to ASTM D 2992 part b, (25 samples to have 19 points -100,000 hrs)

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Compipe regression line

Long Term Qualification Test
10000 501 369 Failure Pressure Bar 1428 1053 1357 1000 1000 668 247 703 100
LTHS LCL 95% LTHS Hoop stre ss in M Pa

1000

API 15 HR rating 448 bar

100 0,01 50 Time to failure in hours 100000

10

ISO rating 334 bar

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Effect of Winding angle on GRE pipe Mechanical properties and failure envelope

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Why Compipe has high HDB

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Since the design is based upon variable angles in the loading directions, full coverage of each layer and the flexible epoxy barrier / liner, the weeping pressure is close to the burst pressure.

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Compipe is the only coil & flexible pipe in accordance with the ISO 14692
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What is ISO 14692  International standard for GRP (Glass Reinforced Plastics), petroleum and natural gas in piping.  ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies).

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What is ISO 14692 based on

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ISO 14692 (all parts) is based on the document specifications and recommended practice for the use of GRP piping offshore published by the United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association (UKOOA) in 1994 & Shell DEP spec. DEP 31.40.10.19-Gen. The objective of ISO 14692 (all parts) is to provide the oil and gas industry, and the supporting engineering and manufacturing industry, with mutually agreed specifications and recommended practices for the design, purchase, manufacturing, qualification testing, handling, storage, installation, commissioning and operation of GRP piping systems.

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ACP provide
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Technology & Know-how Engineering support Fluid flow calculations Stress analysis Material take off (MTO) System design check Project economic analysis Field service Pipeline problem solutions

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Thank you for your attention and welcome to the next generation of GRE pipes

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