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Physical Science Unit 3 Guided Notes

This document contains guided notes for a physical science unit on chemistry. It includes 14 lessons covering topics like chemical bonding, chemical reactions, chemical formulas, rates of chemical reactions, mixtures, solutions, and acids and bases. Students are asked to complete online lessons for each topic and fill in the guided notes with definitions, examples, and explanations of key chemical concepts and reactions.

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flyingms
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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600 views

Physical Science Unit 3 Guided Notes

This document contains guided notes for a physical science unit on chemistry. It includes 14 lessons covering topics like chemical bonding, chemical reactions, chemical formulas, rates of chemical reactions, mixtures, solutions, and acids and bases. Students are asked to complete online lessons for each topic and fill in the guided notes with definitions, examples, and explanations of key chemical concepts and reactions.

Uploaded by

flyingms
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physical Science Unit 3 Chemistry

Guided Notes
Please complete ALL of the Unit 3 lessons in the online school (OLS) by mastering
each lesson, filling out the guided notes below, and marking the lesson complete.
Lesson 1 Chemical Bonding
Are the properties of the bonded compound salt the same or different than the sodium and chlorine
individually? __________________
In the outer shell of MOST elements, how many electrons are needed for it to be considered stable?
__________
Valence Electrons definition:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Ionic Bond Definition:


_____________________________________________________________________________________

For this bond to form, what needs to be transferred?


___________________________________________________________
Covalent Bond Definition:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

What does a covalent bond form?


___________________________________________________________
What do the dots symbolize?
________________________________________________________________________________

Covalent bonds have been formed between the atoms below. Circle the electrons in the atoms before
the bond and then circle the shared electrons in the bonded molecule. Also, note that for each atom
after it has bonded with the other atom(s), the outer shell now becomes full.

Lesson 2 Chemical Reactions


The process of breaking and forming bonds occurs in a chemical reaction.
Define reactants:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define products:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Do reactants and products have the same properties? Why or why not?
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define exothermic reaction and give an example:


_____________________________________________________________________________________

If a chemical reaction occurs in a flask and the flask becomes warm, was the reaction exothermic? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define endothermic reaction:


_____________________________________________________________________________________

If a chemical reaction occurs in a flask and that flask becomes colder, was the reaction in the flask
endothermic or exothermic? Explain.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define combustion reaction and give an example.


_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define decomposition reaction and give an example:


_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define Precipitate:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

A chemical reaction can result in the formation of or change of:


1
2
3
4
A chemical has NOT occurred when you:
1
2

Lesson 3 Chemical Formulas


The combination of symbols and numbers tells
_____________________________________________________________________________________

C3H8O has ___ carbon atoms, ____ hydrogen and ____ oxygen atoms
Glucose has a chemical formula of C6H12O6. How many of each type of atom does it have?

Define Ionic Compound:


_____________________________________________________________________________________

(slide 5) How would you write the chemical formula for lithium oxide?

Define covalent compound:

(slide 6) Write the chemical formula for dinitrogen trioxide using a similar method.

(slide 7) Based on the structural formula, what is the chemical formula for butanol?

(slide 7) Based on the structural formula of glucose, what is the chemical formula?

The " " in a chemical equation is similar to an _________________________sign.


Define polymer:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 5 Rates of Chemical Reactions


In a chemical reaction.
What does the aq mean?
What does the s mean?
What does the l mean?
What does the g mean?

Define reaction rate:


_____________________________________________________________________________________

Give an example of how you can figure out the reaction rate:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Regarding rate, the steeper the straight line, the _______________________________ the reaction
rate. When a graph shows a curve, you know that the rate of the reaction is not
_______________________________.
List 4 factors that determine reaction rate:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Define catalyst and explain how it works:


_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define equilibrium:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 6 Chemical Equations


The Law of Conservation of Mass states that the mass of the substances did ______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
List the 4 steps to balancing an equation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
In the space below, practice balancing equations by balancing Fe2O3 + Al Fe + Al2O3.
Check your answer in the OLS.

Lesson 9 Mixtures

When elements combine to form a ______________________, their unique properties


______________________________________
Define element and compound:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

A mixture has 3 main properties that make it different than a compound:


1

3
Unlike the elements in a compound, the components of a mixture do not have ___________________
_______________________.

Circle one: The components of a mixture can

or

cant

be separated physically.

Define a heterogeneous mixture and give an example.


_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define a homogeneous mixture and give an example.


_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define solution:

_____________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 10 Separating Mixtures


List and describe the ways a mixture could be separated.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.
Define distillation
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define chromatography
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 11 Solutions
Define a substance and give an example.

_____________________________________________________________________________________

A solution has at least ___________ components


Define solvent:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define solute:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define saturated:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define solubility:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Lesson 14 Acids and Bases


Define acid and list its characteristic:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Define base and give its charastic:

_____________________________________________________________________________________

The chemical symbol of an acid usually has __ written first


Give an example of an acid:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

The chemical formulas of most bases contain ___


Give an example of a base:
_____________________________________________________________________________________

How does a base feel?


_____________________________________________________________________________________

What is the pH scale?


_____________________________________________________________________________________

What is the pH of a neutral? ________________

What is the pH of battery acid? ________________

What is the pH of lye? ________________

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