This document contains 3 homework problems from a digital circuits class. Problem 1 asks the student to calculate the maximum fanout (parallel gates driven by a single output) that allows signals up to 333 MHz to propagate satisfactorily given circuit parameters. Problem 2 asks the student to calculate the RC time constant for a high-to-low transition in a circuit using Elmore's delay model. Problem 3 asks the student to calculate the RC time constant of a 5x inverter driving a 2x inverter at the end of a 1mm wire using given resistivity and capacitance values for the wire.
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HW 1
This document contains 3 homework problems from a digital circuits class. Problem 1 asks the student to calculate the maximum fanout (parallel gates driven by a single output) that allows signals up to 333 MHz to propagate satisfactorily given circuit parameters. Problem 2 asks the student to calculate the RC time constant for a high-to-low transition in a circuit using Elmore's delay model. Problem 3 asks the student to calculate the RC time constant of a 5x inverter driving a 2x inverter at the end of a 1mm wire using given resistivity and capacitance values for the wire.
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University of California, San Diego Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
ECE 108 2013, Homework Assignment 1
Reading:
Digital
Integrated
Circuits
by
J.
M.
Rabaey
et
al.
Chapter
4.
Problem
1:
Signal
distribution
and
fanout
An
important
question
in
designing
digital
circuits
is:
how
many
gates
in
parallel
can
a
single
output
drive,
in
order
to
meet
timing
constraints?
Here,
we
will
examine
a
simple
distribution
network.
A
V_s=5
V
source,
with
Thevenin
resistance
R_s=1
k,
drives
a
certain
number
h
(fanout)
gates,
each
of
which
is
modeled
as
a
C_g=100
fF
load.
The
gates
are
driven
simultaneously
(i.e.,
in
parallel).
You
are
given
:
V_OL
=
1
V,
V_OH
=
4
V.
Ignore
the
wire
resistance.
What
is
the
allowed
fanout
(h,
as
a
numerical
value)
such
that
signals
upto
333
MHz
can
propagate
satisfactorily?
Problem
2:
Elmore
Delay
Using
the
Elmore
delay
model,
find
the
RC
time
constant
for
the
high-to-low
transition
(i.e.,
to
GND)
in
the
circuit
shown
to
the
left.
(It
is
part
of
a
NAND
gate,
and
h
is
called
fanout,
or
electrical
effort).
Hint:
The
output
of
the
gate
is
at
the
node
marked
Y.
State
your
answer
in
terms
of
h,
R
and
C.
Problem
3:
(ignore
the
crossed
out
parts,
this
is
just
revision
control)
In
a
particular
CMOS
generation
node,
you
are
given
that
a
minimum
sized
inverter
has
R
=
5
k
and
C
=
0.2
fF
and
the
size
ration
oN f
tsegments he
PMOS
to
NMOS
transistors
(i.e.,
width
ratio)
=
2.
Using
R calculate
R/N R/N R/N of
a R/N Elmores
model,
the
RC
time
constant
5x
inverter
(i.e.,
5
times
the
size
of
each
of
the
PMOS
and
NMOS
driving
a
2x
inverter
the
end
of
a
1
mm
wire.
Assume
that
the
wire
C transistors)
C/N C/N C/N at
C/N has
capacitance
of
0.2
fF/m
m
and
resistance
of
0.01
0.1
/square,
and
is
0.125
m m
long
wide.
R C R C/2 C/2 R/2 R/2 C
L-model T-model Represent
the
wire
RC
as
-model instead
of
a
single
R
and
single
C.
Hint:
Driving
a
CMOS
invertor
means
the
signal
has
to
drive
both
the
PMOS
gate
capacitance
and
the
NMOS
gate
capacitance
in
parallel.