THE LANGUAGES COUNCIL

VOCABULARY TIME 2O MINUTES ROOT WORDS

A: a, an (not without)aqua (water) a, an (not, without)

achromatic ahistorical amoral anesthesia anhydrous apathy without color not historical without morals without pain without water without feeling aplastic aseptic atheist atoxic atrophic not easily molded sterile, without infection Godless not poisonous not developing, growing

atypical

not typical

ab (away from, apart from)

abase abdicate abduct abhor to lower, degrade to surrender, yield to carry off to loathe, reject abnormal abridge abrogate not normal to abbreviate, shorten to repeal, repudiate to release, set free, vindicate, acquit

absolve

ac, ad, af, ag, al, ap, as, at (to, toward, adjacent to)
By the process of assimilation, ad becomes ac, af, etc., to conform to the first consonant in the next syllable. accede accelerate accept acclaim acclimate accumulate adapt adept adequate adhere to agree to speed up to take, receive Praise to adjust to climate to gather, collect to adjust, accommodate expert, skilled Sufficient to stick, maintain loyalty adjacent adjudicate admonish affiliate affirmation affluent agglutinate aggregate allocate near, nearby to judge, settle finally to reprove, chide an associate, subsidiary assertion, declaration wealthy, rich to unite, adhere to gather, collect together to distribute

afforestation replanting, reforestation

EXERCISE uiloalsn itonoarpp tisppeoa icasber

Unscramble
an indirect reference to divide in proportion highly appropriate to attribute

cptsae euassdr aatcht dtnate taetitvcar

phase, appearance Confident to fasten to give attention to

pleasing, personable

TLC/LPF/D6/1/4

2004TLC. ILLEGAL USE SHALL ATTRACT PENAL ACTION

alg (pain)
analgesic cephalalgia Painkiller Headache nostalgia times past homesickness, yearning for

podalgia
GRAMMAR B. THE PAST TENSE

Pain in the foot

I. Simple Past tense Simple past tense is used:

a. The simple Past tense is used to indicate an action completed in the past it often takes adverbs of time like yesterday last month, last year, in 1963. b. Did is used with interrogative & negative sentences Example: I didnt sleep well. He studied many hours everyday c. Is also used for past habits. Example: She always carried an Umbrella. S + V2 S + did + not + V1 (Negative sentence) Did + S + V1 ? S + was + were + V3
*S SUBJECT V2 2nd FORM OF VERB ? INTEROGATIVE SENTENCE

SPEAKING EXERCISE: WHAT YOU DID YESTERDAY?

APOLOGISING
Sorry, Im not ready yet... Im sorryI really am. Im very sorry that this has happened. I didnt mean it. I am sorry if I worried you. Sorry, I havent finished it yet. Please forgive me for all this confusion. I do beg your pardon. Id like to apologize for all that. How sorry Im about it. I am really sorry about it. Sorry about that. I hope you dont mind. Hope Im not disturbing you. Im terribly sorry. This is all entirely my own fault. How stupid of me! I wasnt thinking. Sorry, I cant find it anywhere. Please excuse me for it. Im very sorry for saying all that. Oh, you must forgive me. I had no idea. I have to leave early. I hope youll excuse me. Look, I didnt mean to upset you.

TLC/LPF/D6/2/4

2004TLC. ILLEGAL USE SHALL ATTRACT PENAL ACTION

ACCEPTING AN APOLOGY Not at all. Please dont worry. Forget it. I dont want you to feel bad about it. Thats all right. Thats perfectly all right. Its ok.
EXERCISE

It doesnt matter, but dont let it happen again, will you? Dont worry about it. Anyone can make a mistake. Oh well, I suppose its all right. It doesnt matter this time, but dont repeat it.

SITUATION You stand on someones toe in a bus. You have been rude to your friend at school. You forget to do your homework. You dont say hello to an old friend in the street. You break your mothers favorite plate. You knock over a pile of books in a bookshop. APOLOGY Sorry, I hope its not a problem Im sorry. Im bothering you a lot. Im ashamed of myself. Im so sorry. Im terribly sorry. Accept my apologies. Sorry, about that. I beg your pardon. I really apologize for what Ive done. Forgive me for my deeds.

APOLOGY I m so sorry. I didnt mean to hurt you. Please forgive me. Im Sorry Please excuse me. Its so crowded in here. I do apologize. How clumsy of me. Im really sorry. Ill do it tonight and hand it in tomorrow. RESPONSE Not at all Not a problem. Its ok. Doesnt matter. Be careful next time. All right. Doesnt make a difference. Yes. Take care in future Never mind.

REJECTING AN APOLOGY Its no use apologizing now. You should have done it earlier. Its too late to apologize now. Whats the use of saying sorry? Look at the damage done to my car. Its easy to say sorry but how are you going to compensate me for my lost opportunity? You walk in an hour late, and all you can say is Im sorry. Im afraid saying sorry just isnt enough. Youll have to do something about it. Its all very well to say youre sorry, but what are you to do about it?

TLC/LPF/D6/3/4

2004TLC. ILLEGAL USE SHALL ATTRACT PENAL ACTION

LISTENING: Sophie: Mum... Mum: Yes Sophie? Sophie: Will you lend me ten pounds? Mum: What for? Sophie: And can you lend me your new jacket? Mum: My new one? Sophie: Yes,and ... Mum: And what? Sophie: Can you give me a lift to town now? Mum: Start again. You want to borrow ten pounds, you want to borrow my new jacket and you want me to give you a lift to town now? Anything else? Sophie: Oh ... will you get me some new batteries for my Walkman? I really need to use it today. Mum: Well... Sophie: And can you collect me from the city centre at midnight tonight? Mum: Right. Shall we go through them one by one? You can borrow ten pounds, but you already owe me ten pounds, so you'd better not spend too much. You definitely can't borrow my new jacket. Sophie: Oh Mum ... Mum: I will give you a lift to town, but not till four o'clock, because I'm busy right now. Sophie: But I need to go now. Mum: You could walk of course, or take the bus. You should get more exercise anyway. You'll go past a shop that sells batteries then. I haven't got time to do that. And you really ought to be more polite. I feel like saying no to everything when you speak to me like that. Sophie: OK, sorry, I'll wait till you're ready. So would you please give me a lift? And could you collect me from the city centre at midnight, do you think? Mum: Yes, I will ... but you'd better leave me to finish what I'm doing now or I'll change my mind. Sophie: OK then.

TLC/LPF/D6/4/4

2004TLC. ILLEGAL USE SHALL ATTRACT PENAL ACTION