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BES Tutorial Sample Solutions, S1/13: WEEK 13 TUTORIAL EXERCISES (To Be Discussed in The Week Starting June 3)

1. A consumer organization tested a manufacturer's claim that its new light bulbs have less variability in life than previous bulbs. The consumer organization tested a sample of 41 new bulbs and found a standard deviation of 140 hours. Based on this data and assuming bulb life is normally distributed, the manufacturer's claim that the new bulbs have lower variability than the previous bulbs (standard deviation of 150 hours) was not supported. 2. Using the data from the first problem, a 95% confidence interval for the variance of bulb life was calculated to be between 181.2 and 282.8 hours. 3. A personnel manager sampled 100 sick days to see if age affects taking sick days. A chi

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130 views

BES Tutorial Sample Solutions, S1/13: WEEK 13 TUTORIAL EXERCISES (To Be Discussed in The Week Starting June 3)

1. A consumer organization tested a manufacturer's claim that its new light bulbs have less variability in life than previous bulbs. The consumer organization tested a sample of 41 new bulbs and found a standard deviation of 140 hours. Based on this data and assuming bulb life is normally distributed, the manufacturer's claim that the new bulbs have lower variability than the previous bulbs (standard deviation of 150 hours) was not supported. 2. Using the data from the first problem, a 95% confidence interval for the variance of bulb life was calculated to be between 181.2 and 282.8 hours. 3. A personnel manager sampled 100 sick days to see if age affects taking sick days. A chi

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Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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1

BES Tutorial Sample Solutions, S1/13




WEEK 13 TUTORIAL EXERCISES (To be discussed in the week starting
June 3)

1. It is claimeu by a manufactuiei that its new type of light bulb is subject
to less vaiiability of bulb life. It is known that the foimei bulb type hau
a stanuaiu ueviation of life of 1Su houis. To test this claim, a consumei
oiganization takes a sample of 41 of these new bulbs anu measuies
theii lives, finuing a stanuaiu ueviation of bulb life of 14u houis.
Assuming light bulb lives aie appioximately noimally uistiibuteu, test
the manufactuieis claim at a S% level of significance.


n=41,s=140

E
0
: o
2
= 1Su
2
; E
1
: o
2
< 1Su
2

UnderE
0

(n -1)s
2
o
0
2
=
4u s
2
1Su
2
~_
41-1
2

Decisionrule:
RejectE
0
ifcolculotcJ _
2
< _
0.95,40
2
= 26.Su9S

Since calculated

_
2
=
4u 14u
2
1Su
2
= S4.84 > _
0.95,40
2
= 26.Su9S

we do not reject E
0
and conclude that the manufacturers claim of lower bulb
life variability is not supported by the data.


2. uiven the infoimation of Question 1 above, calculate a 9S% confiuence
inteival foi the vaiiance of bulb life.

Sincen=41and=0.05wehave:

2

_u
2
,n-1
2
= _
0.025,40
2
= S9.S417

_
1-
u
2
,n-1
2
= _
0.975,40
2
= 24.4SSu

Theconfidenceintervalisthengivenby

_
(n - 1)s
2
_
u
2
,n-1
2
,
(n -1)s
2
_
1-
u
2
,n-1
2
_ or _
4u 14u
2
S9.S417
,
4u 14u
2
24.4SSu
_ or (1S,211.6, S2,u87.6)


S. In a busy maiketing consulting fiim, Su% of the employees aie ageu
2u29 yeais, 4u% aie ageu SuS9 yeais, 2u% aie ageu 4u49 yeais, anu
1u% aie ageu Su yeais anu ovei. The peisonnel managei of the fiim is
inteiesteu in knowing whethei age is a factoi in the taking of sick uays.
She takes a ianuom sample of 1uu sick uays anu finus the following
uistiibution of sick uays by age gioup:

Age No. of Sick Bays
2u29 yeais
SuS9 yeais
4u49 yeais
Su yeais anu ovei
26
S7
24
1S

0sing these uata, test at the = u.uS level of significance the hypothesis
that age is not a factoi in taking sick uays.

E
0
: Agc is not o octor in tbc toking o sick Joys
E
A
: Agc is o octor in tbc toking o sick Joys

If age is not a factor in taking sick days, then the expected proportion of the sick
days taken by a particular age group should be the same as the proportion of the
firms employees in that age group. We would have:

3


Age oi ei
2u29 yeais
SuS9 yeais
4u49 yeais
Su yeais anu ovei
26
S7
24
1S
Su
4u
2u
1u
1uu 1uu

_
2
=
(o

-c

)
2
c

c
=1
=
(26 -Su)
2
Su
+
(S7 - 4u)
2
4u
+
(24 -2u)
2
2u
+
(1S -1u)
2
1u
= 2.46

c1=41=S anu hence the ciitical value is _
0.05,3
2
= 7.8147

Since_
2
< _
0.05,3
2
wedonotrejectthenullhypothesisthatageisnotafactor
inthetakingofsickdays.

4


4. A public health ieseaichei is inteiesteu in testing whethei the level of
beei consumption of inuiviuuals is inuepenuent of theii level of
cigaiette consumption. A ianuom sample of 1,uuu inuiviuuals aie
inteivieweu about theii weekly consumption of beei anu cigaiettes,
yieluing the following bivaiiate fiequency uistiibution:


uiven the uata, peifoim a test of inuepenuence of beei anu cigaiette
consumption using a S% significance level.

E
0
: Bccr onJ cigorcttc consumption orc inJcpcnJcnt
E
A
: Bccr onJ cigorcttc consumption orc not inJcpcnJcnt

The expected cell frequencies are given in brackets in the following table.

Beei consumption
nil 1S
glasses
41u
glasses
0vei 1u
glasses
Row
total



Cig.
cons.
nil 2S6
(182.962)
68
(1u4.78)
S4
(7S.749)
2S
(41.Su9)
4uS
12u 1uS
(1S6.176)
11u
(89.44)
87
(62.9S2)
42
(SS.4S2)
S44
216u 71
(8u.812)
S6
(46.28)
2S
(S2.S74)
26
(18.SS4)
178
>6u 22
(S4.uS)
26
(19.S)
17
(1S.72S)
1u
(7.72S)
7S
Col.
Total
4S4 26u 18S 1uS 1uuu


Beei consumption
nil 1S
glasses
41u
glasses
0vei 1u
glasses

Cigaiette
cons.
nil 2S6 68 S4 2S
12u 1uS 11u 87 42
216u 71 S6 2S 26
>6u 22 26 17 1u
5

e.g.
4uS 4S4
1uuu
= 182.962

As v = (r -1)(c -1) = S S = 9
_
0.05,v
2
= _
0.05,9
2
= 16.919u

Now the test statistic is given by

_
2
=
(o
]
-c
]
)
2
c
]
c
]=1

=1
=
(2S6 -182.962)
2
182.962
++
(1u -7.72S)
2
17.72S
= 1u1.9u

And since _
2
> _
0.05,9
2
we reject E
0
and conclude that beer and cigarette
consumptionarenotindependent.

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