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Expt 1

1. This experiment introduces students to quantitative analysis by having them determine the density of unknown metal sheets using basic measuring devices like a ruler, vernier caliper, and balance. 2. The procedure involves measuring the mass of metal sheets, then their dimensions with different tools to calculate volume and density. 3. Students will compare the densities calculated from direct measurement to those from a best-fit line of a mass-volume graph to identify the metal, and assess the relative accuracy and precision of the different measuring tools.

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Leirmon Reynante
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30 views

Expt 1

1. This experiment introduces students to quantitative analysis by having them determine the density of unknown metal sheets using basic measuring devices like a ruler, vernier caliper, and balance. 2. The procedure involves measuring the mass of metal sheets, then their dimensions with different tools to calculate volume and density. 3. Students will compare the densities calculated from direct measurement to those from a best-fit line of a mass-volume graph to identify the metal, and assess the relative accuracy and precision of the different measuring tools.

Uploaded by

Leirmon Reynante
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

MEASUREMENT
INTRODUCTION This experiment will give students an introduction to quantitative analysis of a scientific investigation. At the end of this activity you must be able to use basic measuring devices to ultimately determine the density of an unknown metal. It is necessary that you note all observations during the experiment that might affect your data gathering and results. I. MATERIALS: Ruler, Vernier Caliper , Digital balance, Metal sheets (thick and thin), Thick metal hoop II. PROCEDURE: A. Determining the Mass of the Metal Sheet. Measure the mass of the three metal shapes using the digital balance. B. Determining the volume of the Metal Sheets using the Ruler. Measure the dimensions of the metal shapes using the ruler. Measure the length, width and thickness (in mm) for the metal sheets. Measure the inner radius, outer radius and height of the thick metal hoop. Make 3 trials for each dimension and get the average value for the three trials. Record all these measurements in your notebook. Construct Table 1.1 Dimensions of the Metal Shapes Using the Ruler. C. Determining the volume of the Metal using the Vernier Caliper Repeat the procedure using the Vernier Caliper instead of the ruler. Construct Table 1.2 Dimensions of the Metal Shapes Using the Vernier Caliper D. Determining the Density Compute the volume of the metal shapes using the two instruments using the appropriate equations; use the average values of the dimensions from the previous tables. Use these values to compute the density of the material using the equation: Density = Mass/Volume. Construct Table 1.4 Computed Densities Using the Ruler and Vernier Caliper; include the Relative % Error. % Error = (|theoretical experimental|*100%)/theoretical

E. Determining the Density from the Slope. Plot the mass vs. volume data (3 data points per measuring instrument) and construct the best-fit line (or trend line) using appropriate software such as MS Excel. From the slope of the best-fit line, you can get the experimental density of the metal using each instrument. Compare this to the theoretical density based on the Table of Densities.

Computations for Volumes and Density: use your Lab Notebook and include the sample calculations in your Tech Papers Appendix.

III. GUIDE FOR ANALYSIS A. Refer to the Table of Densities below to determine the identity of the metal (in general, using the different metal shapes). Metal Aluminum Copper Gold Iron Lead Density (g/cm3) 2.70 8.93 19.3 7.96 11.3

B. Using the % Errors and standard deviation, respectively, compare the accuracy and precision of the measurements done using the ruler and the vernier caliper. 1. Which is more accurate? 2. Which is more precise?

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