Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Structural concepts for minimum facility platforms for Marginal field development in western offshore, India A collaborative project By IIT Madras and IEOT,ONGC
24 April 2007
1 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Outline
Conventional Wellhead Platforms Existing Marginal platforms Minimum Facility Platforms Basic Requirements Environmental Conditions Installation by Jackups Concepts Technical Feasibility Cost Comparison Conclusions

11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Field Map Western Offshore, India

B-105
2180000
##

B-15

B-55
S HG

B-188
2170000

B-48 B-46
SBM

NQO BHN

B-157# B-59

" 16

77

km

5 to B-5

B-127

2160000

2150000

MUMBAI HIGH
WO-24 ICW BHS
BHE-1

2140000

Mukta Field (JV)

14" OIL 12" GAS Panna Field (JV)

B-45
2130000

SH B-149 B-147

36" X 23 1 km Gas trunk 42" line X 24 Bass 4 km ein Gas to H trunk azira line BPB to H azira

BPA
BS-13 BS-16

VASAI EAST (BSE)

26

B-192
2120000

28"

X 78 km

B-22# BPB
SH BPB Line

30 "

B-121/119
2110000
30 "

BS-12

BASSEIN
##

B-80
X 14 2 km SH P -H

WO-5
2100000

B-178 B-23A
EE RA
## B-193 B-28 ##

"G as tru 20 nk 3k lin e to m Oil Ura tru n nk lin e to B-172## Ura n

B-173A# B-179
##

WO-15
2090000

WO-16 D-33
2080000

##

B-180
Lin e

##

INDEX

B-28A## B-37# B-134

2070000
lin e

OIL LINE GAS LINE OIL FIELD GAS FIELD

D-1

D-18
2060000

18 " oi l an dg as

Marginal Fields around Mumbai High and Bassein Fields

SCALE
0 km 10 km
780000

NEELAM
e nk lin ran to U to Ur an

OIL & GAS FIELD

# ##

SOUR FIELD HIGHLY SOUR FIELD SWEET OIL/GAS

24"

tru Oil

20 km
790000

30 km
800000

40 km
810000 820000

HEERA
830000 840000

G 26"

as tru

e nk lin

710000

720000

730000

740000

750000

760000

770000

850000

860000

11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

CONVENTIONAL WELL PLATFORM CONFIGURATIONS

SINGLE PILE CONFIGURATION SKIRT PILE (ONLY) CONFIGURATION SKIRT & MAIN PILE CONFIGURATION

Main Pile of 60 INCH 68 INCH 72 INCH 84 INCH 90 INCH

Combinations of 54 SKIRT WITH 48 MAIN PILE 54 SKIRT WITH 54 MAIN PILE 60 SKIRT WITH 54 MAIN PILE

Skirt Piles of 84 SKIRT WITH 48 LEG 84 SKIRT WITH 60 LEG FULL BRACING 84 SKIRT WITH 60 LEG
4 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Concepts used in other regions in the industry

UK
5 11/19/2012

Norway

Australia

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

PROPOSED CONCEPTS FOR WESTERN OFFSHORE Mono Pile Concepts Jacket Type Concepts

Braced Conductor legs

Guy Supports structure

11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Mono Pile Concepts

Mono pile concepts involve driving of large diameter pile and supporting the deck from the single leg. This can be augmented by additional skirt piles in order to reduce large bending of mono piles. The mono pile houses 3 or 4 conductors inside thus reducing the wave loads. Another alternative to this is to have conductors outside the mono pile.

1(a)

1(b)

1(c)

Mono Pile without Guy Wire 7 11/19/2012

Braced Mono Tower (Inside Conductor) Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Braced Mono Tower (Outside Conductor)

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Jacket Type Concepts

Jacket type concepts involves 3 or 4 legs with conductors inside the jacket framing. The jacket legs are either battered or vertical. Three alternate scheme are proposed are shown in figure. The above concepts can be extended to water depths exceeding 30m and has the flexibility of increase in number of wells or topside configurations.

2(a)

2(b)

2(c)

4 Legged Jacket Structure 8 11/19/2012

4 Legged Jacket Structure with Batter Piles

3 Legged Jacket Structure

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Braced Conductor Leg Concepts

In this concepts four conductor cum legs are braced to form frame which will be fixed to the seabed by skirt piles. The advantage of these concepts is that the wave loads is reduced considerably since the jacket legs and framing near water level is reduced.

3 (a)

3 (b)

Braced Leg Jacket (4 Piles) 9 11/19/2012

Braced Leg Jacket (3 Piles)

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Guy support Structures

4(a) 4(b) 4(c)

4 Legged Jacket with Hollow Base Steel Caisson

4 Legged Jacket with Steel Caisson with Each Legs

Mono Pile with Guy Wires

The slender structure as proposed earlier are transversely supported by guy wires to reduce lateral deflection and bending stresses. Further the support reaction in terms of pile loads will be reduced considerably.
10 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Focus of the development

Understanding the requirements of marginal field. Developing new concepts to suit the west coast environmental parameters. Pile Loads and configurations will govern the economics of the concept. Pile Load distribution from past experience shows that Dead Load : 25% Facilities (Equipment) : 20% Wave + current Load : 50% Wind Load : 5% Installation costs for offshore platforms play a major role and hence installation by means of unconventional methods may need to be reviewed. Smaller Crane barges Item Cost Pipe lay Vessel with cranes Engineering 5% Structure 25% Jackups Equipment 25% Self installation methods
Installation
11 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

24 April 2007

50%

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

CONVENTIONAL WELLHEAD PLATFORMS

Design life varies from 25 - 30 years. No. of wells varies from 4 16. Water depth ranges from 20m 100m. Two level deck with the dimension of 20m x 40m. Large space (40 x 20) for CTU operation Separate Helideck is provided. Platform crane provided. Boat landing is provided. Total topside weight is in the order of 2000 2500 Tonnes Modular rig such as Sundowner VI or VII is allowed. Unmanned platform with temporary two or four man bunk house
12 11/19/2012

MARGINAL FIELD WELLHEAD PLATFORMS

Design life varies from 5 10 years. No. of wells varies from 2 - 4. Water depth ranges from 20m 60m. Two level deck with the dimension of 20m x 20m. No separate Helideck is provided. Main deck can be used as helideck. No Pedestal crane provided. V notch ladder type Boat landing is provided. Total topside weight is less than 750 Tonnes No Modular rig is allowed. Unmanned platform. No temporary bunk house provided.

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Limiting Parameters
Access to wells for drilling by jackup from north face, the skirt piles or projection of substructure on the north face to be avoided. The soil conditions and environmental parameters in shallow water is substantially different from conditions exist in many other parts of world Large deflection shall be avoided as the platform supports well heads. Dynamics of the slender platform shall be kept in mind to avoid resonant vibrations and subsequent fatigue related issues. Installation robustness to avoid delay in projects during execution

24 April 2007
13 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Installation by Jackup rigs

The cost optimization by means of unconventional installation spread was considered to be an option such as use of Jackups. Due to limitations on size of jackets / deck modules, jackups are not suitable. Height limitation due to vertical movement of jackup legs will be a constraint. Jackup foot print during installation may hamper future drilling activities. Hence use of small derrick barge / pipe lay vessels with crane capacity of 1200 Tonnes is found to be suitable for this type of installation.

24 April 2007
14 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

REPRESENTATIVE SITE
Environmental conditions at C-series location has been considered for this study. The location selected has some of the difficult parameters to be used in design such as wave, current and geotechnical conditions. Similar conditions are expected at other marginal field. It can be observed that the top 30m is a soft clay offering very les pile capacity.
Parameter Wave height (m) Wave period (sec) Surface current(m/sec) Water depth (m) Wind speed (km/h) (1-hr.Avg) 15 1 year return 10.366 10.4 1.341 30 77 100 year return 17.073 13.90 1.768 30 138

11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

WAVE AND CURRENT 1 YEAR RETURN PERIOD (OPERATING)

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Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

WAVE & CURRENT 100 YEAR RETURN PERIOD (EXTREME STORM)

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Mono Pile without Guy Wire

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight

: 750 Tonnes : 330 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main Pile : 142 : 80m : 350 Tonnes : 1430 Tonnes : 6 Days : US$ 16M

Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk

: Large deflection Additional MSF required

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk

: 750 Tonnes : 370 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main & 2 Skirt Piles : 142 (Main) : 60 (Skirt) : 80m : 630 Tonnes : 1750 Tonnes : 12 Days : US$ 22M

Braced Mono Tower (Inside Conductor)

Critical fatigue Joint

: Fatigue at brace junction Additional MSF required

19 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk

: 750 Tonnes : 300 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main & 2 Skirt Piles : 60 : 80m : 470 Tonnes : 1520 Tonnes : 12 Days : US$ 21M

Braced Mono Tower (Outside Conductor)

Critical fatigue Joint

: Fatigue at brace junction

Additional MSF required Conductors exposed to damage
20 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore 4 Legged Jacket Structure

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight

: 750 Tonnes : 460 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 4 Main Piles : 60 : 80m : 640 Tonnes : 1850 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 25M

Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk

: Increased pile loads due to

limited dimensions of jacket base

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore 4 Legged Jacket Structure with Batter piles

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight

: 750 Tonnes : 490 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 4 Main Piles : 60 : 80m : 640 Tonnes : 1880 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 25M

Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk Level

: No major issues

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore 3 Legged Jacket Structure

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight

: 750 Tonnes : 350 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 3 Main Piles : 60 : 88m : 510 Tonnes : 1610 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 23M

Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost Risk Level

: Large Pile loads at south pile

Installation difficulty

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Braced Leg Jacket (4 Piles)

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risk Level

: 750 Tonnes : 500 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 4 Skirt Piles : 60 : 77m : 530 Tonnes : 1780 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 24M
Critical fatigue Joint

: Conductor legs exposed for damage MSF is required Fatigue at brace junction
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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11/19/2012

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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Braced Leg Jacket (3 Piles)

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risk Level

: 750 Tonnes : 450 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 3 Skirt Piles : 60 : 77m : 400 Tonnes : 1600 Tonnes : 12 Days : US$ 21M

Critical fatigue Joint

: Conductor legs exposed for damage MSF is required Fatigue at brace junction Large pullout loads on south pile
25 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Caisson Weight Installation Offshore Work Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risks

: 750 Tonnes : 440 Tonnes : 400 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1590 Tonnes : 18 Days : US$ 25M

4 Legged Jacket with Hollow Base Steel Caisson (with Guy Wire)

: Installation of guy systems Installation of large caisson Damage to guy wires Approach by boat Large anchor forces

26

11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Caisson Weight Installation Offshore Work Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risks

: 750 Tonnes : 480 Tonnes : 250 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1480 Tonnes : 18 Days : US$ 24M

4 Legged Jacket with Steel Caisson with Each Legs (with Guy Wire)

: Installation of guy systems Damage to guy wires Approach by boat Large anchor forces

27

11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore Mono Pile with Guy Wire

Topside Weight Jacket Weight Installation Offshore Work Number of piles Pile Diameter Penetration Pile Weight Estimated Total Weight Estimated Offshore Time Estimated Cost
Risk

: 750 Tonnes : 330 Tonnes : Crane Vessel : Crane Barge : 1 Main Pile : 142 : 80m : 350 Tonnes : 1430 Tonnes : 15 Days : US$ 22M

: Installation of guy systems Damage to guy wires Approach by boat Large anchor forces
28 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Weight Comparison
S. No 1a 1b 1c 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 4a 4b 4c Mono pile Braced Mono tower (Inside Conductor) Braced Mono tower (Outside Conductor) 4 Legged Jacket Structure 4 Legged Jacket Structure with Batter Piles 3 Legged Jacket Structure Braced Legs (4 piles) Braced Legs (3 piles) 4 Legged Jacket with Hollow Base Steel Caisson (Guy Wire) 4 Legged Jacket with Steel Caisson with Each Legs (Guy wire) Mono pile with Guywire Description Jacket (MT) 330 370 300 460 490 350 500 450 440 480 330 Pile (MT) 350 630 470 640 640 510 530 400 400 250 350 Total (MT) 680 1000 770 1100 1130 860 1030 850 840 730 680 Recommendation Feasible for 1-2 conductors Recommended Recommended with large diameter mono pile Recommended Recommended Not Recommended Recommended Not Recommended Not Recommended Not Recommended Not Recommended

Variation of weight among the concepts is limited to 10 to 20% except for mono pile
29 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Jacket concepts

Braced conductors

Guy wire concepts

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

15

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Technical Feasibility Design of Mono pile and braced mono pile system has limitations on the deck foot print size. The concept can be adopted if the topside dimensions can be limited to less than 20m x 20m. Braced conductor leg concept can be implemented with sufficient conductor protection system which may alleviate the safety issue. The limitations on the deck foot print applies to this option also. Guy support structures require pile foundations for wire anchor system which will be costly. Further, guyed wire support systems not recommended based on installation and safety issues due to potential failure of guy wires. Hence an optimized conventional jacket will prove to be a potential candidate both in terms of safety and installation even though cost is slightly higher. Installation by jackup rigs shall be considered carefully only for water depths less than 30m.
31 11/19/2012 Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Conclusions Mono pile with braced skirt pile system offers economical solution and can be installed by small derrick or pipe lay barge as the weight of each component is less than 650 Tonnes. Hence this can be implemented in upcoming marginal fields with water depth not exceeding 50m.

For other marginal fields where water depth is greater than 50m, optimized jacket concepts are recommended.

Braced conductor legs can be used with sufficient leg protection and fatigue design.
Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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16

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Thank you

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11/19/2012

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

Concepts for Marginal Field Development Western Offshore

Deflection for Various options X - deflection Y - Deflection (mm) (mm) Option Description Operating Storm Operating Storm Monopile Braced Mono tower (3 piles)_Inside Conductor Braced Mono tower (3 piles)_Outside Conductor 4 Legged Jacket Structure 4 Legged Jacket Structure With Batter Piles 3 Legged Jacket Structure Braced Legs (4 piles) Braced Legs (3 piles) 4 Legged Jacket with hollow base steel caisson 4 Legged Jacket with steel caisson with each legs Monopile with Guywire
34 11/19/2012

Options 1a 1b 1c 2a 2b 2c 3a 3b 4a 4b 4c

282 64 163 85 80 99 160 175 39 14 20

1125 212 3783 486 301 674 363 476 100 42 99

393 105 207 149 50 149 120 149 38 17 27

936 267 647 426 109 1190 372 622 69 30 83

Dr. S. Nallayarasu Department of Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras-36

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