Exercise 2 BabyCatch
Uploaded by
irina_makedonijaExercise 2 BabyCatch
Uploaded by
irina_makedonijaCreate a Simple Game in Scratch
Mike Scott University of Texas at Austin
Many Thanks to Barb Ericson of Georgia Tech
Title: Baby-Catch
Page 1
Goals
Learn about
event handling simple sequential execution loops variables conditionals parallel execution message passing
Page 2
Game Description
We will make a game where the player controls a baby using the arrow keys to catch a falling ball. If the baby misses the ball the game is over.
Page 3
Start up Scratch
Click on Scratch.exe
Page 4
Delete the Cat
Click on the scissors and your cursor turns to scissors and then click on the cat to delete it Or right click on the cat and pick delete
Page 5
Add the Baby
Click on the button with the picture of folder with a star in it
if you hover over it, it says "Choose new sprite from file"
Page 6
Select the People Folder
Page 7
Scroll to the Baby
Click on the baby and then OK
Page 8
Resize Your Sprite!
You can make your sprite larger or smaller by using the grow sprite or shrink sprite icons. You click on one of these icons, then click on your sprite until it is the size youd like. shrink
grow
Page 9
Move the Sprite
Select (click on the arrow and then on the sprite) and click and drag the sprite to the bottom of the window
Page 10
Add a Background
Click on the Stage Click on the Backgrounds tab
In the center In the bottom right area
Click on the import button Pick a background
Like bedroom1 in indoors
Page 11
Event Handling
We want to control the baby using the arrow keys
When we click the left arrow the baby should move left When we click the right arrow the baby should move right Responding to user actions like mouse clicks and key presses
This is a form of event handling
Page 12
The Scratch Stage
The Scratch stage is 480 pixels wide and 180 360 pixels high.
Moving left decreases the x value -240 Moving right increases the x value 240 0,0 at the center of the stage
-180
Page 13
Programming the Baby
Click on the baby sprite in the view of the sprites and stage Click on the Scripts tab
Bottom right section
This area shows the current sprite
In the center area This allows us to create scripts (programs) for the baby Each sprite can have several scripts
Page 14
Respond to Arrow Keys
Click on Control (orange) and then drag out "when space key pressed"
Page 15
Respond to Right Arrow
Click on down arrow next to space and select right arrow Click on Motion (blue) and drag out "move 10 steps"
Page 16
Change the move amount
Click on the 10
it will highlight in blue
Type 5 and press enter
Page 17
Respond to Arrow Keys
Click on Control (orange) Drag out "when space key pressed" Change "space" to "left arrow" Click on Motion Drag out "move 10 steps" Change it to -5 (to move left) Click on the stage and try out the left and right arrow keys
Does the sprite leave the window?
Page 18
Paint a Ball
Click on the paint brush and star
It will say "Paint new sprite" if you hover over it
Page 19
Draw the Ball
Click the circle tool and then use the eyedropper to pick a color and then click in the drawing area and drag to create the ball
Circle tool and eyedropper
Drawing area
Click ok when done
Page 20
Size the ball as desired and move it to the top
Click and drag the ball to the top of the window
Page 21
Make the Ball Fall
When the green flag is clicked we want the ball to always start at the top and fall down
Click on Control (orange) Drag out "When green flag clicked"
Page 22
Start the Ball
Click on Motion (blue) Drag out go to x # y #
this will always start the ball at its current position (Scratch doesnt automatically put it back for you).
Page 23
Sequential Execution
One block is executed after the other In order from top to bottom When the green flag is clicked
the ball will go to the specified x and y location
Page 24
Loops
We want the ball to continue to move down unless the baby catches it How do we make this happen?
We could use lots of blocks one after the other But, that would be slow and repetitive
We need a way to repeat a block or set of blocks
This is called a loop or iteration
Page 25
Make the ball fall
Click on Control (orange)
drag out "forever"
Click on Motion (blue)
drag out change y by 10 Change it to -1
Try it out!
Page 26
Catch the ball!
If the ball touches the baby then it is caught Let's track how many balls we have caught with a score
We will increment the score each time we catch a ball
Page 27
Variables
If we are going to keep track of the score
We want something to hold the current score And we want to be able to change the score We want the value to change or vary
This is called a variable
Page 28
Track the score
When we start the game set the score to 0 Click on Variables (red) Click on Make a Variable Name it score
Page 29
Set score to 0
In the ball script Drag the forever down Drag out "set score to 0 Drag the forever back up Notice the score showing on the window
Page 30
Conditionals
We want to increase the score if the baby caught the ball
So this action will only occur only if some condition is true This is called a conditional or an if
Page 31
Did we catch the ball?
From Control drag out an if Check if the ball is touching the baby If this is true increment the score
From Variables Get this in Sensing
Page 32
Increment the score
Try it out!
is this what you expected?
Computers do what you tell them to
Not what you want them to
Page 33
Reset the Ball
If we caught the ball
Increment the score And move the ball to some random spot at the top of the window So we dont keep increasing the score
Page 34
Reset the Ball
Click on Number drag out "pick random 1 to 10" drop on the x value after go to x: change the 1 to -235 and change 10 to 235 change the y value to match the y in the first go to x # y #
Page 35
Adding Losing
If the baby doesn't catch the ball it just gets stuck at the bottom of the screen Let's tell the player that he or she lost
Page 36
Add a text sprite
Click on the Paint new sprite button
Click on the T for text Pick the color Modify the font size Move the square to where you want the text Type You Lost!
Page 37
Hide the sprite
We dont want to tell the player that she lost when the game starts
So hide the message when the game starts
Click on Control
drag out "when green flag clicked"
Click on Looks
drag out hide
Page 38
Check if Lost
If the y position gets near the bottom (near -180)
Drag out an if
from Control
Drag out a blank < blank
From Numbers
Add a y position
From Motion
Type in -175
Page 39
Broadcast a message
Sprites communicate by passing messages
One sprite broadcasts the message Other sprites can listen for it and react to it when they receive it Click on Control
drag out "broadcast blank" click on the drop down arrow next to new name it lost Add stop script
to stop the forever loop
Page 40
Receive Lost
Click on the text sprite Click on Control
drag out "when I receive blank" click on the down arrow and select lost drag out show drag out stop all
to stop all scripts
Click on Looks
Click on Control
Page 41
Parallel Execution
We have several things happening at the same time
when the green flag is clicked
This is called parallel execution
More than one thing happening at a time
Page 42
Create Instructions
Click on the Show Project Notes icon in the upper right corner Add the instructions Press OK
Page 43
Test your game
Click the green flag If you want, adjust the speed of the ball
Increase the amount it changes in y
Modify the sprites using the Costume tab Save your game with the Save button
Page 44
Share your game
You can share your projects at the scratch web site
http://scratch.mit.edu
Click on the Share! button You can also download other projects and see how they were created
Page 45
Other Ideas
Add a sound when you lose Add the ability to win
When you reach a certain score Track the amount of time it takes as well
Speed up the ball over time Add more sprites to catch Add a sprite to avoid (like a big brother)
killer sprite
Page 46
Concept Summary
Variables Forever loops
can hold values and can change value repeat all the commands inside of them one at a time until the script is stopped or all scripts are stopped only execute the body of the if when the condition is true and receive them
Conditionals ifs
Sprites can pass messages
Sprites can react to events
Sprites can have several scripts, costumes, and sounds Things can happen one after the other sequential execution or at the same time parallel execution
like clicking the green flag and pressing the left or right arrow keys
Page 47
