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The document discusses the theory of behaviorism, including classical conditioning discovered by Ivan Pavlov. It describes how Pavlov conditioned dogs to salivate in response to a tone that was associated with food. The document also discusses criticisms of behaviorism, such as its failure to account for human language development and contradictions with Darwin's theory of natural selection. However, the conclusion acknowledges that behaviorism has been effectively applied to treat certain disorders.

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Zura Zalin
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399 views

Mindmap

The document discusses the theory of behaviorism, including classical conditioning discovered by Ivan Pavlov. It describes how Pavlov conditioned dogs to salivate in response to a tone that was associated with food. The document also discusses criticisms of behaviorism, such as its failure to account for human language development and contradictions with Darwin's theory of natural selection. However, the conclusion acknowledges that behaviorism has been effectively applied to treat certain disorders.

Uploaded by

Zura Zalin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Theory of Behaviorism

Classical Conditioning

Behaviorism as a Theory of Personality: A Critical Look

Criticisms of the Behaviorist Theory

The Validity of Behaviorism

The Theory of Behaviorism

Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov made the discovery that led to the real beginnings of behavioral theory
Before conditioning Unconditioned stimulus (food) Unconditioned response (salivary reflex) Conditioning process After conditioning Unconditioned stimulus (food) Unconditioned response (salivary reflex)

BUT
Neutral stimulus (sound of the door) No response (no salivary reflex)

Experiment 1. sound of the door 2. wait a while 3. given food 4. repeat process

AND
Conditioned stimulus (sound of the door) Conditioned response (salivary reflex)

In Pavlovs experiment the tone was the neutral stimulus that was associated with the unconditioned stimulus of food. The unconditioned response of salivation became a conditioned response to the newly conditioned stimulus of the tone.

Contradictions with the ideas of Darwin's natural selection


By contradicting Darwin's ideas, Skinner's operant conditioning theory loses much of the support Skinner hoped to gain with his parallels

Failure to show adequate generalizabity in human behavior


Many experiments have been done showing evidence of both Pavlovian conditioning and operant conditioning, all of these experiments have been based on animals and their behavior. By that, more experiments with human participants must be done to prove the validity of this theory.

The Validity of Behaviorism

Inability to explain the development of human language


According to Skinner, the acquisition of verbal responses for private stimuli can be explained in four ways

CONCLUSION
When the theory of behaviorism is applied to combat certain disorders, the results have shown it to be remarkably effective. Therefore, although comprehensive behaviorism must be abandoned, its ideas cannot be ignored when applied to certain situations

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