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This document presents an abstract of a study on the analysis and design of reinforced concrete columns with arbitrary cross-sectional shapes subject to biaxial bending. It discusses that existing design methods are limited to simple shapes like rectangular and circular sections. The study aimed to develop software-based design aids that can analyze and design columns with any cross-sectional shape subjected to biaxial bending. It involved analyzing arbitrary sections using programs developed, validating the results, and extending the load contour method into design programs that allow flexible reinforcement patterns without assumptions.

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Abhishek Shatagopachari
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30 views8 pages

Changed Abstract

This document presents an abstract of a study on the analysis and design of reinforced concrete columns with arbitrary cross-sectional shapes subject to biaxial bending. It discusses that existing design methods are limited to simple shapes like rectangular and circular sections. The study aimed to develop software-based design aids that can analyze and design columns with any cross-sectional shape subjected to biaxial bending. It involved analyzing arbitrary sections using programs developed, validating the results, and extending the load contour method into design programs that allow flexible reinforcement patterns without assumptions.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Shatagopachari
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ABSTRACT

A comprehensive study of the existing analysis and design techniques for the design of short columns of
arbitrary shape, subject to biaxial eccentric compression, was carried out during the initial phase of the project.
The study revealed that present design methods are largely confined to rectangular and circular columns, and to
some extent, other rectangular shapes such as the L, T, channel and plus sections. There is an evident need to
develop design aids for column sections of any arbitrary shape, subjected biaxial compression. In todays
computer age, it is appropriate that the design aids should be in the form of software that is user friendly and
offers wide flexibility. This formed the objective and motivation for the project.
The analysis of arbitrary shaped columns formed the next phase of the project and programs were
developed to achieve this. The software provides for flexibility in the output format to suit the users preferences.
The entire interaction surface or the relevant load contour or the relevant theta plane containing the
coordinates of Pu, Mux, Muy can be generated. Various applications of the software have been demonstrated and
the programs validated.
Based on the methods studied, the exact version of the load contour method was found most suitable to be
extended to accommodate the design of column sections of any arbitrary shape. This formed the final phase of the
project and it involved the development of design programs. The main feature of the programs developed is that it
allows the user to use his engineering judgment in deciding the pattern of reinforcement and hence the user need
not comply with set patterns of reinforcement. This software developed could be used for any column section and
it makes no approximation.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 R .C. Columns: Loading and Geometry.01
1.2 Problem Definition03
1.3 Methodology..04
1.4 Organization of the Thesis.05

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE SURVEY


2.1 Two Methods for Analysis and Design of Short columns.06
2.2 Failure Interaction Surfaces...06
2.2.1 Load Contour..08
2.2.2 Theta Plane..08
2.3 The Load Contour Method.09
2.3.1 Breslers Method: Using Uniaxial Interaction Curves09
2.3.2 Exact Formulation...10
2.4 The Theta Plane Method11
2.5 Principal Axes12
2.6 Choice of Method for Computer Aided Programing.13

CHAPTER 3: DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYSIS SOFTWARE


3.1 Basic Features of the Analysis Software...14
3.2 Program to Obtain the Centroid and the Principal axes.14
3.2.1 Inputs to the Problem..14
3.2.1.1 Sample Input15
3.2.1.2 Functions that take care of the inputs..16
3.2.2 Functions and Procedure involved in Computing the Centroid..16
3.2.3 Outputs17
3.2.4 Flowchart for the above Program...18
3.3 Program to Evaluate the Load Contour.19
3.3.1 Inputs to the Problem..19
3.3.2 Functions and the Procedure involved in Computing the
Load contour...20
3.3.2.1 Procedure to evaluate a point on the 3 D interaction
Surface22
3.3.3 Basic Flowchart for the above Problem..25
3.4 Variation of the Above Program27
3.5 Outputs...27

CHAPTER 4: APPLICATIONS OF ANALYSIS SOFTWARE


4.1 Sample Sections for Analysis28
4.2 Case 1: Rectangular Column Section29
4.3 Case 2: L shaped section.31

4.4 Case 3: T shaped section.33


4.5 Case 4: Channel section.35
4.6 Case 5: Plus section...37
4.7 Case 6: Circular section.39
4.8 Discussion and Validation of Results41
4.9 Implementation of the Analysis Software..42

CHAPTER 5: DESIGN SOFTWARE AND ITS APPLICATIONS


5.1 Design Program.43
5.1.1 Inputs to the Problem..43
5.1.2 Method employed in the Design Procedure43
5.1.3 Capacity factor45
5.1.4 Basic Flowchart of the design method46
5.2 Design Examples...48
5.2.1 Square section.48
5.2.1.1 Design by IS code method...48
5.2.1.2 Design using the software developed..50
5.2.2 Rectangular Section51
5.2.3 L shaped section...52
5.2.4 T shaped section...53
5.2.5 Channel section...54
5.2.6 Plus section.56
5.2.7 Circular section...57

CHAPTER 6: CLOSURE
6.1 Summary and Conclusions59
6.1.1 Review of Prevailing design methods..59
6.1.2 Development of Analysis Software..59
6.1.3 Development of Design Software.....60
6.2 Scope for Further work.60

APPENDIX A: THE DESIGN PROGRAM

REFERENCES.

LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE NUMBER AND TITLE

PAGE NO.

1.1

Columns subject to biaxial eccentricities.01

1.2

Regular shapes of columns usually found in practice..02

1.3

Example of irregular shaped column encountered in practice...02

1.4

Analysis of design strength for a given location of the neutral axis.03

2.1

Typical interaction surface...07

2.2

Approximation of load contour...10

3.1

Sample cross section.15

3.2

Basic Flowchart of program to obtain the centroid of any shape.19

3.3

Strain profiles for a given neutral axis.21

3.4

Significance of the angle of the neutral axis.21

3.5

Characteristic and design stress strain curves for concrete in flexural compression.23

3.6

Characteristic and design stress strain curves for Fe 250 grade mild steel23

3.7

Characteristic and design stress strain curves for Fe 415 grade cold worked steel24

3.8

Flowchart for obtaining the load contour.26

4.1

Rectangular cross section chosen for analysis...29

4.2

Load contours for the Rectangular column..29

4.3

Zero degree theta plane (Rectangular section)..30

4.4

Ninety degree theta plane (Rectangular section)...30

4.5

L shaped cross section chosen for analysis.31

4.6

Load contours for L shaped cross section...31

4.7

Zero degree theta plane (L shaped section)32

4.8

Ninety degree theta plane (L shaped section).32

4.9

T shaped cross section chosen for analysis.33

4.10

Load contours for T shaped cross section..33

4.11

Zero degree theta plane (T shaped section)34

4.12

Ninety degree theta plane (T shaped section)34

4.13

Channel section chosen for analysis.35

4.14

Load contours for the Channel section.35

4.15

Zero degree theta plane (Channel section)....36

4.16

Ninety degree theta plane (Channel section).36

4.17

Plus section chosen for analysis..37

4.18

Load contours for the Plus section...37

4.19

Zero degree theta plane (Plus section)..38

4.20

Ninety degree theta plane (Plus section)...38

4.21

Circular section chosen for analysis.39

4.22

Load contours for Circular section...39

4.23

Zero degree theta plane (Circular section)....40

4.24 Ninety degree theta plane (Circular section)...40


5.1

Capacity factor..45

5.2

Flowchart for the design problem.47

5.3

Design adopted using IS Code method (for square section).50

5.4

Design adopted using software (for square section).51

5.5

Rectangular section assumed51

5.6

L section assumed.52

5.7

T section initially assumed53

5.8

T section finally adopted..54

5.9

Channel section initially assumed54

5.10

Channel section finally adopted...55

5.11

Plus section initially assumed...56

5.12

Plus section finally adopted..57

5.13

Trial section for circular column..57

5.14

Final circular section adopted...58

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