Scribd
Upload
108 views

Indefinite Integrals

This document discusses indefinite integrals and their relationship to definite integrals. It provides examples of finding indefinite integrals using basic integration rules and the concept of antiderivatives. The document also discusses the total change theorem and how it relates to finding the displacement of an object given its velocity function over a time interval. Several practice problems are provided at the end for finding indefinite integrals of various functions.

Uploaded by

enrique_n_10
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
108 views

Indefinite Integrals

This document discusses indefinite integrals and their relationship to definite integrals. It provides examples of finding indefinite integrals using basic integration rules and the concept of antiderivatives. The document also discusses the total change theorem and how it relates to finding the displacement of an object given its velocity function over a time interval. Several practice problems are provided at the end for finding indefinite integrals of various functions.

Uploaded by

enrique_n_10
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Prof.

Enrique Mateus Nieves


PhD. in Mathematics Education.
Indefinite integrals.
An indefinite integral
, )
}
dx x f
is a family of functions of the form:
, ) C ) x ( F dx x f + =
}
where
F (x) is a primitive of f (x) and either C is a constant; whereas, a definite integral
, )
}
b
a
dx x f
is a number that represents an area in square units. The relationship between them is
provided by part two of the fundamental theorem of calculus: If f is continuous on j b , a ,
then: , ) , )
} }
=
b
a
b
a
dx x f dx x f
Note:
i. We call "exact value of the indefinite integral" to expressions of the form of the
following example:
2
0
2
0
2 4
2
3
2
6
4
2
1
3
6
}
+ =

.
|

\
|
+
+ x tan
x x
dx
x
x 2x
1 - 3
= 2 3tan 4 -
-1
+ .
The expression 2 3tan 4 -
-1
+ represents the "comprehensive of the exact value. If
you want a decimal approximation, simply use a calculator to obtain a value close to
-0,67855 ~
ii. We adopt the convention that when given a formula for an indefinite integral usually
this is valid only in an interval. Eg
C
x
dx
x
+ =
}
1 1
2
this is only valid in the intervals
, ) ,0 - or in , ) + 0, . This means that the general antiderivative function
, ) 0 x , x f
x
= =
2
1
is:
, )

> +
< +
=
0 x if C
x
0 x if C
x
x F
,
2
1
1
1
Example:
Find the general indefinite integral: , )
}
dx x sec x
2
2 10
4
Solution:
, )
C x tan 2x
dx x sec dx x dx x sec x
5
2 2
+ =
=
} } }
2
2 10 2 10
4 4
Prof. Enrique Mateus Nieves
PhD. in Mathematics Education.
Total change theorem.
The integral of an exchange rate is the total change , ) , ) , ) a F b F dx x F
b
a
= '
}
Example application: A particle moves along a straight line so that its velocity at time t is
, ) 6
2
= t t t v (mediated in meters per second). Find the displacement of the particle during
the elapsed time interval between 4 t 1 < < ; Also find the distance traveled during this
period.
Solution: displacement equation is given by the expression:
, ) , ) , )
1 2
t
t
t s t s dt t v =
}
2
1
hence the
displacement is:
, ) , ) , ) , )
2
9
6
4
1
4
1
= = =
} }
dt t t dt t v 1 s 4 s
2
this means that the particle is moved
4,5 m left.
Find the following indefinite integrals General
1. , ) dx x x
}

+
2 2
2. , ) dx x x x
}
+ 2
4
1 3
2
1 4
3. , ) dx x x
}
+
3 2 3
4. , ) dm m . m . m
}
+

5 2 8 1
2 3
5. , ) dh h h
}
+2
2
dx
x
x x
.
3
}
2
6
dx
x
x .
}
+
+ +
1
1
1 7
2
2
, ) d cot Csc .
}
8 , ) d tan 9.
2
}
+ 1
Evaluate the integral:
x d 5 4x - x .
0
2
}
+
2
6 10 , )
}
+
3
1
3
dx 4x - 2x 1 . 11 , ) x d e - 2x .
1 -
x
}
0
12
dx x . =
}
9
0
2 13 , ) dx x 1 x 14.
}
+
4
1
dy
y
y .
}

.
|

\
|
+
1
2
3
3
2
4 15
, ) u d 1 3u .
2
2 -
= +
}
16 dx
x
x 1
.
1
}
+
64
3
17 dx
e e
e e
.
x x
x x
}

1
1
18
Prof. Enrique Mateus Nieves
PhD. in Mathematics Education.
References:
- Stewart, J. (2010). Clculo de una variable. Trascedentes Tempranas. Sexta edicin. Edamsa Impresiones S.A. de C. V.
Iztapalapa, Mxico, D. F.
- Leithold, L. (1998). THE CALCULUS 7. ISBN 0-673-46913-1. Printed in Mexico. Grupo Mexicano MAPASA, S.A. DE C.V.
References supporting and complementary:
- Apstol, Tom M. (1967). Calculus, Vol. 1: One-Variable Calculus with an Introduction to Linear Algebra (2nd edicin). John Wiley
& Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-00005-1.
- Bourbaki, Nicolas (2004). Integration I. Springer. ISBN 3-540-41129-1.. En particular los captulos III y IV.

You might also like