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Chapter 3 Displaying and Describing Categorical Data Part 1

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806 views

Chapter 3 Displaying and Describing Categorical Data Part 1

Uploaded by

api-232613595
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER 3 DISPLAYING AND DESCRIBING CATEGORICAL DATA, PART 1

September 17, 2013

DO NOW FROM YOUR BOOK


Please get out your supplies to be checked today. Pick 2 questions and answer them. Copy the question.

1) Give a definition of an identifying identifier and give three examples. 2) Why are the When and Where of data important? Explain. 3) What are common mistakes/misconceptions about topics we learned in this chapter.

AIM AND HOMEWORK


AIM: How do we display and describe categorical data? Homework #3: Read pages 20 29, pg. 38-40 #5-15 ODD and #19, #21

HOMEWORK #2 ANSWERS
13) Who 54 bears Cases Each case is a bear What Weight (quantitative),neck size (quantitative), length (quantitative), sex (categorical) When Not specified Where Not specified Why To estimate weight from easier to measure variables.

HOMEWORK #2 ANSWERS
15) Who Arbys sandwiches Cases Each sandwich is a case What Type of meat (categorical), number of calories (quantitative), and serving size (quantitative) When Not specified Where Arbys Restaurants Why To assess nutritional value of sandwiches.

HOMEWORK #2 ANSWERS
17) Who 882 births
Cases Each of the 882 births is a case. What Mothers Age (Q) , Length of Pregnancy (Q), type of birth (C), level of prenatal care (C), birth weight of baby (Q), sex of baby (C), and babys health problems (C). When 1998 - 2000 Where Large City Hospital Why Researchers were investigating the impact of prenatal care on newborn health.

HOMEWORK #2 ANSWERS
19) Who Experimental subjects
Cases Each subject is an individual What Treatment (C) and cold severity (Q) When Not specified Where Not specified Why To test efficacy of herbal remedy on common cold.

HOMEWORK #2 ANSWERS
21) Who Streams
Cases Each case is a case What Name of stream (I), substrate of stream (C), acidity of water (Q), temperature (Q), BCI (Q) When Not specified Where Upstate NY Why To study ecology of streams

HOMEWORK #2 ANSWERS
23) Who 41 refrigerator models
Cases Each of the refrigerator models is a case What Brand (C), cost (Q), size (Q), type (C), Estimated annual energy cost (Q), overall rating (C) , percent requiring repair in the last 5 years (Q) When 2006 Where United States Why To provide information to the readers of consumer reports.

HOW TO DISPLAY DATA: MAKE A PICTURE


- Making a picture will help you see things that are not obvious in data tables. - A display of data will make you think clearly about the patterns and relationships that may be hiding in your data. - It will show the important features and patterns in your data. - The best way to display data to others.

Frequency Table
A frequency table will help display what you counted into clear categories. Records the totals and category names. Frequency table to the right displays how many questions students got right on a quiz. Lets make a frequency table: how many hours do you spend on Facebook?

RELATIVE FREQUENCY TABLE


A relative frequency table displays the percentages instead of the counts. Both frequency tables and relative frequency tables describe the distribution of a categorical variable

THE AREA PRINCIPLE


The area principle says that the area occupied by a part of the graph should correspond to the magnitude of the value that it represents. Very easy to lie with. Examples?

BAR CHARTS
A bar chart displays the distribution of a categorical variable showing the counts of each category next to each other for easy comparison. A relative frequency bar chart displays categorical data in the form of proportions or percent instead of counts.

PIE CHARTS
Pie charts show the whole group or cases as a circle. The pieces of the circle are proportional to the fraction of the whole in each category. Think pair share: What are some factors that would help you decide whether to use a pie chart, a bar chart, or a relative bar chart?

THINK BEFORE YOU DRAW


Always check for the categorical data condition the data are either counts or individuals in categories. When making a relative frequency chart, make sure that the categories do not overlap so no one is counted twice. If the categories do overlap, you cannot make a pie chart.

CONTINGENCY TABLES
A contingency table is a table that shows how the individuals are distributed along each variable, contingent on the value of the other variable. Based of occurrence or non-occurrence of an event.

CONVERT THE COUNTS IN THIS TABLE INTO PERCENTAGES

CONVERT THE COUNTS IN THIS TABLE INTO PERCENTAGES


Democrat VOTED 30% Republica Independ n ent 20% 15% Total 65%

DID NOT VOTE


TOTAL

20%
50%

5%
25%

10%
25%

35%
100%

Which of the following graphs represents the purpose better??? Explain. (Purpose: Relationship of Party Affiliation and Voting in National Politics)

CONCLUSION
What did we learn today?

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