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MATH1009 Test 3 Solutions

This document contains solutions to problems on a math test involving calculus concepts such as derivatives, implicit differentiation, elasticity of demand, and critical points of functions. 1) It finds derivatives of various functions, including using implicit differentiation. 2) It calculates price elasticity of demand at different price points using the demand equation and elasticity formula. 3) It identifies critical points of polynomial and rational functions and classifies them as local maxima or minima using the first derivative test.

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105 views

MATH1009 Test 3 Solutions

This document contains solutions to problems on a math test involving calculus concepts such as derivatives, implicit differentiation, elasticity of demand, and critical points of functions. 1) It finds derivatives of various functions, including using implicit differentiation. 2) It calculates price elasticity of demand at different price points using the demand equation and elasticity formula. 3) It identifies critical points of polynomial and rational functions and classifies them as local maxima or minima using the first derivative test.

Uploaded by

fatdoge
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATH 1009 TEST 3 - SOLUTIONS March 2011

1. [10 Marks] Find the derivative of the given functions:


[3] (a) )(r) = 2
5
+ r
3
.
[2] (b) p(r) = (ln r)
2
. r 0.
[5] (c) (r) =
(
3r
2
1 r
)
4
.
Solution:
(a) )

(r) = 2
2
ln 2 (5r)

+ (3)r
4
= (5 ln 2) 2
5
3r
4
.
(b) p

(r) = 2 ln r
1
r
=
2
r
ln r.
(c)

(r) = 4
(
3r
2
1 r
)
3

(
3r
2
1 r
)

= 4
(
3r
2
1 r
)
3

(
6r(1 r) 3r
2
(1)
(1 r)
2
)
=
= 4
(
3r
2
1 r
)
3

6r 3r
2
(1 r)
2
(
= 4
3
3
r
6
(1 r)
3

3r(2 r)
(1 r)
2
=
324r
7
(2 r)
(1 r)
5
)
2. [ 6 Marks] Use implicit dierentiation to nd
d
dr
:
r
2

3
+ 3r
2
= 2.
Solution:
Dierentiate both sides with respect to r:
2r
3
+ r
2
3
2

d
dr
+ 6r = 0.
Solve for
d
dr
:
d
dr
=
6r 2r
3
3r
2

2
.
3. [ 12 Marks] The quantity demanded each week r is related to the unit price j by the
demand equation
r = )(j) =

360 4j (0 < j < 90).


The elasticity of demand is given by the formula 1(j) =
j )

(j)
)(j)
.
1
[9] (a) Is the demand elastic or inelastic at j = 70? at j = 50?
[2] (b) For what price j is the demand unitary?
[1] (c) If the unit price is increased slightly from 70, will the revenue increase or decrease?
Solution:
(a) We compute
)

(j) =
(

360 4j
)

=
1
2

(

360 4j
)

1
2
(4) =
2

360 4j
.
Thus, 1(j) =
j )

(j)
)(j)
=
j
2

360 4j

360 4j
=
2j
360 4j
.
1(70) =
2 70
360 4 70
=
7
4
1. so the demand is elastic when j = 70.
1(50) =
2 50
360 4 50
=
100
160
< 1. so the demand is inelastic when j = 50.
(b) 1(j) =
j )

(j)
)(j)
=
2j
360 4j
= 1 when 2j = 3604j, so for j = 60 the demand is unitary.
(c) Since the demand is elastic when j = 70, the revenue will decrease if the unit price is
increased slightly from 70.
4. [ 12 Marks] Find and classify the critical numbers of the following functions:
(a)[5] )(r) = r
3
12r + 74. (b)[7] p(r) =
r
2
2r 4
.
Solution:
(a) )(r) is a polynomial function, so its domain is the set of all real numbers. The only source
of critical numbers is the condition )

(r) = 0.
)

(r) = 3r
2
12 = 3(r
2
4) = 2(r 2)(r + 2) = 0 when r = 2 or r = 2.
As )

(r) < 0 for 2 < r < 2 and )

(r) 0 otherwise, by the First Derivative Test, at r = 2


the function has a local maximum and at r = 2 - a local minimum.
(b) p(r) is a rational function, dened on the set of all real numbers for which 2r 4 = 0,
that is, r = 2.
p

(r) =
2r(2r 4) r
2
(2)
(2r 4)
2
=
2r
2
8r
(2r 4)
2
=
2r(r 4)
(2r 4)
2
.
The derivative p

(r) is not dened for r = 2. However, since r = 2 is not in the domain of p,


the number r = 2 is not a critical number of p.
p

(r) = 0 when r = 0 or r = 4.
As )

(r) < 0 for 0 < r < 4 and )

(r) 0 otherwise, by the First Derivative Test, at r = 0 the


function has a local maximum and at r = 4 - a local minimum.
2

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