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Ointments, Creams, Gels

This document discusses various topical dosage forms including ointments, creams, gels, pastes, and plasters. It provides details on the composition and purpose of each form as well as requirements for manufacturing and packaging. Key points include: 1. Ointments are semisolid preparations meant for application to skin or mucous membranes and can be unmedicated or contain medications. Creams are emulsions that are easier to spread than ointments. 2. Gels are semisolid systems where molecules are dispersed in an aqueous liquid using a gelling agent like carbomer or natural gums. Pastes are thicker than ointments and are used to absorb secretions.

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Na Yamzon
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80 views2 pages

Ointments, Creams, Gels

This document discusses various topical dosage forms including ointments, creams, gels, pastes, and plasters. It provides details on the composition and purpose of each form as well as requirements for manufacturing and packaging. Key points include: 1. Ointments are semisolid preparations meant for application to skin or mucous membranes and can be unmedicated or contain medications. Creams are emulsions that are easier to spread than ointments. 2. Gels are semisolid systems where molecules are dispersed in an aqueous liquid using a gelling agent like carbomer or natural gums. Pastes are thicker than ointments and are used to absorb secretions.

Uploaded by

Na Yamzon
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OINTMENTS, CREAMS, GELS -semi-solid dosage forms intended for topical application.

Unmedicated as protectants or lubricants Topical preps both for local and systemic effects. Topical dermatological drug INTO skin with the skin as target organ Transdermal THROUGH skin, skin not target organ. OINTMENTS -semisolid prep intended for external applications to skin or mucous mem. Unmedicated ointments protectant, emollient, lubricant OINTMENT BASES physical effects, vehicles for medicated ointments 1. 2. 3. 4. Oleaginous Bases / Hydrocarbon Bases Absorption Bases Water Removal Bases Water Soluble Bases

COMPEDIAL REQUIRMENTS FOR OINTMENTS: Microbial Content antimicrobial preservatives (methylparaben, propylparaben, phenols, benzoic acid, sorbic acid) Minimum fill Packaging large-mouth ointment jars, metal plastic tubes Storage cool place Labelling

CREAMS -semisolid prep contains one or more medicinal agents dissolved or dispersed in either W/O or O/W emulsion. -topical skin product, rectally, vaginally -easier to spread and remove Vanishing creams O/W large percentage of water and stearic acid GELS (Jellies) -semisolid system consisting dispersion of small/large molecules in aqueous liquid vehicle rendered jellylike (gelling agent) Gelling agents: o o o Synthetic macromolecules carbomer Cellulose derivatives carboxymethycellulose Natural gums tragacanth

Ointment slab large glass or porcelain plate/pill tile. Ointment mill electronic mortar and pestle Unguator device ingredients in plastic ointment jar

Single phase gels macromolecules uniformly distributed throughout liquid w/ no apparent boundaries bet dispersed macromolecules and liquid. Two phase system (magma) gel mass consist floccules of small distinct particles

Penetration enhancers: Dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerine, PEG, urea, Spans, tweens, terpenes. Pluronic lecithin organogel transdermal prep commonly compounded PASTES -semisolid prep intended for application on skin. -contain larger portion of solid material (25%) than ointments. STIFFER. -remain in place after application and employed to absorb serous secretions. Zinc Oxide Paste (Lassars Plain Zinc Paste) -very firm, better able to protect skin, absorb secretion that zinc oxide ointment. PLASTERS -solid/semisolid adhesive masses spread on backing of paper, fabric, moleskin, or plastic. -for prolonged contact at site Unmedicated plasters protection or mechanical support Medicated plasters provide effects on site Salicylic acid plaster used on toes for removal of corns. GLYCEROGELATINS -plastic masses containing gelatin(15%), glycerin(40%), water(35%), medicinal subs(10%)(zinc oxide). -applied to skin for long term

Zinc gelatin treatment of varicose cancer

Ointment jars green, amber, blue Opaue jars light sensitive products -porcelain white, dark green, amber TYPES OF PLASTIC: o o o o o LDPE soft, resilient, good moisture barrier HDPE superior moisture barrier less resilient PP high level heat resistance PET transparent, high degree product chemical compatibility Laminates excellent moisture barrier, foil content, high durability, product compatibility

Caulking gun system semisolid filled into chamber and product is delivered into tube. 1000-6000 tubes per hour Rotary Machines tube feeding, cleaning, filling, closing

Stratum corneum desquamating horny layer -40% protein (keratin) 40% water Cornea major route of drug entering eye -3 layer structure Conjunctiva and sclera alternative route Pathogenic organisms of vulvovaginal infections Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida (Monilia) albicans, Haemorphilus vaginalis

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