INTRODUCTION

Symposium is an instructional technique which is used to achieve higher cognitive and affective objectives.

MEANING

The word symposium has several meanings, firstly Plato has used this term for good dialogue to present the views towards God. Another meaning of the term symposium is the intellectual recreation or enjoyment. The recent meaning of the term is a meeting of a person to discuss the problem or theme.

A symposium is a series of speeches on a selected subjected. Each person or expert present an aspect of the subject briefly. Her is discussion among the symposium member in the end audience may raise question and contribute to symposium. The chairman makes comprehensive summary at the end of the entire session.

DEFINITIONS

The symposium forum serves an excellent device for informing an audience, crystallizing opinion and in general preparing the listeners for arriving at decision policies, values, judgment or understanding. Symposium consists of a set of program of prepared speeches followed by audience discussion Symposium is a technique in which two or more person under the direction of a chairman presents several speeches, which give several aspect of one question.

OBJECTIVES OF SYMPOSIUM

The following are main objectives of the symposium: To identify and understand two various aspects of the theme. To develop the ability to decision and judgment regard a problem. To develop the values and feeling regarding a problem. To enable the listeners to form policies regarding a theme or problem.

PURPOSE OF SYMPOSIUM

The main purposes of the symposium is to provide the understanding to the students or the listeners on the theme or the problem specifically to develop certain values and feelings. To investigate the problem from several point of views. To boost students ability to speak in group. To make the students to study independently.

CHARACTERSTICS OF SYMPOSIUM

The symposium has the following main characteristics: It provides the broad understandings of a topic or a problem. The opportunity is provided to the listeners to take decision about the Problem. It is used for higher classes to specific theme and problem. It develops the feeling of co-operation and adjustment. The objectives as synthesis and evaluation are achieved by employing the symposium. It provides the different views on the topic of the symposium.

TECHNIQUES OF SYMPOSIUM
Teachers should plan the program ahead of time. Each member of the class, as well as the student speakers should know the objectives of the symposium and breadth of the topic. Each student should prepare on the given or accepted topic. The teacher should have the conference with each of the student speakers. The teacher or student may function as a chairman. The symposium starts with the chairman introducing the topic. Next chairman introduces the speakers. Then the topic is presented by the student taking 15-20 minutes time. As a conclusion at the end the chairman gives brief summary of all the speeches and opens the discussion to the students. Any question and contribution addressed trough the chairman.

SCOPE FOR THE USE OF SYMPOSIUM

The symposium techniques are used to realize the higher cognitive and affective objectives. The followings are the main topic on which symposium techniques is used. Use of television for education. Scope for the distance education in our education. Use of essay and objective type of test. Semester system in education. Cause of student unrest. Quality control of education research. Use of microteaching in teacher education. Use of team teaching in school. Use of action research in classroom teaching. Scope of education technology in our education.

LIMITATION OF SYMPOSIUM
The symposium technique suffers from the following limitation: The chairman has no control over the speakers as they have full freedom to prepare the theme for discussion. They can present any aspect of the theme or problem. There is a probability of repetition of the conduct because every speaker prepares theme as a whole. The different aspect of theme is not prepared separately. It creates difficultly of understanding to the listeners. The different aspect of theme is presented simultaneously. Therefore the listeners are not able to understand the theme correctly. The listeners remain passive in the symposium, because they are not given opportunity to seek clarification and put questions. The discussion and presentation of the theme is not summarized at the end. The participant takes decision to their own. This technique is employed to achieve the higher objectives of cognitive domain but affective are not emphasized properly.

ADVANTAGES
It is suited to a large group or classes. This method can be frequently used to present broad topics for discussion at conventions and organization meetings. Organization is good because of the set speeches prepared before hand. Gives deeper insight into the topic. Directs the students continuously in dependent study. Hands itself to the teaching of clinical subjects. This method can be use in political meetings.

DISADVANTAGES
Inadequate opportunity for all the students to participate actively. The speeches are limited to 15-20 minutes. Limited audience participation. Question and answer limited to 3 or 4 minutes. Possibility of overlapping the subjects.

CONCLUSION
Symposium as a method of teaching is suitable for a large or smaller group, a number of papers are read dealing with different aspect of the same subject, or different points of view on one topic. The papers may be prepared by staff outside specialists or students. After the papers have been read, contribution is invited from the audience. These may take the form of additional point or directly question to one or other of the paper readers. All contributions are addressed through the chairmen. Generally three forth of the time will be devoted to the paper and one-fourth to the audience participation.

BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS:o BASAVANTHAPPA,B.T.,

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING,

JAYPEE PUBLISHERS, SECOND EDITION 2008, PAGE NO. 245.

o PARS K. TEXT BOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDITION

BANARSIDAS BHANNOT PUBLISHERS 2OTH EDITION 2009.

o SHARMA KUMAR DINESH COMMUNICATION & EDUCATIONAL

TECHNOLOGY, LOTUS PUBLISHERS 2ND EDITION 2012, PAGE NO. 175-177.

JOURNAL:o JOURNALS OF NURSING EDUCATION, JANUARY 2010, VOLUME 49.

INTERNET:o www.wikepedia.com

State college of nursing

SUBJECT:- NURSING EDUCATION

SeMINAR ON SYMPOSIUM
SUBMITTED TO:MRS AMITA SHILPA GOTTLIB ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR (O.B.G) S.C.O.N. DEHRADUN SUBMITTED BY:MS. SHALINI JOSHI M.Sc. I YEAR
ST

NURSING

S.C.O.N. DEHRADUN

SUMMARY
I have summarized all the important aspect of the symposium. This method facilitates effective learning. It ensures active participation of the students. Also help the students in decision making at the end of the symposium. the topic discussed under symposium are:o o o o o o o o o o o o Introduction Definition Objectives Purpose Characteristics Techniques Scope for the use of symposium Role of symposium in nursing education Limitation Advantages Disadvantages Summary

INDEX

S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

CONTENT Introduction of symposium Definition of symposium Objectives of symposium Purpose of symposium Characteristics of symposium Techniques of symposium Scope for the use of symposium Limitation of symposium Advantages of symposium Disadvantages of symposium Role of symposium in nursing education Conclusion Summary

PAGE NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

ROLE OF SYMPOSIUM IN NURSING EDUCATION

The symposium will provide a valuable opportunity for nurses from different cultural background and diverse field to changing role of nurses in community and home care from international perspective to promote the generation and implementation of evidence based practice in community and home nursing through sharing and exchange of information on the latest development in the discipline among expert from across the globe, this symposium will contribute formulating global and regional strategies in advancing nurses role as well as developing policy initiative in as it relates to nursing practice, nursing education nursing management and disaster management.