Traceability of Measurements

ILAC-G2:1994

 Copyright ILAC 1996 ILAC publications may not be copied for sale by any individual or body other than ILAC member organisations

ILAC-G2:1994

Traceability of Measurements

ILAC-G2:1994

Traceability of Measurements

PREAMBLE During the ILAC 88 Conference in Auckland the following resolution was adopted: Standing Committee 2 should: 9. Further study of the needs for traceability of measurement to primary standards to develop practical policies for laboratory accreditation bodies in countries not having direct access to primary standards of measurement During its meeting of 9 and 10 February 1989 in Lisbon, ILAC Committee 2 on Accreditation Practice decided to organize an enquiry on the availability of resources for traceable measurements. The enquiry resulted in a report, published in August 1990. The results of 25 countries were incorporated. During the Turin meeting in 1990 it was agreed to continue the project. The enquiry and the draft document on the concept of traceability were distributed in July 1993, asking for replies before 15 December. After two reminders, 33 countries sent in their replies. Hardly any comments were received on the document. Part A of this report contains the text of the WECC Technical Guideline on the traceability of measuring and test equipment to national standards. Part B contains the results of the enquiry and gives a survey of the traceability available in 33 countries. PURPOSE This document gives guidance and assistance to organisations on how to comply with the traceability requirements in relevant quality assurance standards such as the standards in the EN 29000 and EN 45000 series. It is intended for all organisations where supervision of measuring and test equipment is an important part of quality assurance. It may be used by organisations involved with industrial production processes (development, manufacture, installation, final inspection) and by calibration and testing laboratories. The document may also be used by assessors of testing laboratories and inspection bodies and assessors of quality systems of organisations which perform measurements. At Appendix 1 a checklist is added which is intended to be used for internal quality audits or by assessors. AUTHORSHIP This document was prepared by a Working Group of ILAC Committee 2 (Accreditation Practice) and was endorsed for publication as an ILAC document by Resolution No 10/94 of ILAC 94. The convenor of the Working Group was Dr P J H A M van de Leemput.

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PREAMBLE .............................................................................................. 4 PURPOSE ................................................................................................... 4 AUTHORSHIP .......................................................................................... 4 PART A - TRACEABILITY OF MEASURING AND TEST EQUIPMENT TO NATIONAL STANDARDS 1. CONTROL, CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE IN PRODUCTION AND IN TESTING LABORATORIES ....... 6 CALIBRATION AND TRACEABILITY ............................... 6 WHY ARE CALIBRATION AND TRACEABILITY NECESSARY ............................................................................. 6 ELEMENTS OF TRACEABILITY ......................................... 7 LEVELS IN THE CALIBRATION HIERARCHY ............... 8 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6. International ..................................................................... 8 National metrology institutes ........................................... 8 Accredited calibration laboratories ................................. 8 In-house calibration laboratories .................................... 8

2. 3.

4. 5.

TERMINOLOGY IN THE HIERARCHY OF STANDARDS ............................................................................. 9 REFERENCES ........................................................................... 10

7.

APPENDIX 1 - CHECKLIST FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF THE CALIBRATION AND TRACEABILITY OF MEASURING AND TEST EQUIPMENT ....................................................................... 12 PART B - RESULTS OF THE ILAC ENQUIRY ON THE TRACEABILITY OF MEASUREMENTS 1. 2. 3. NATIONAL STANDARDS LABORATORIES ...................... 20 CALIBRATION LABORATORY ACCREDITATION BODIES ...................................................................................... 25 OTHER NATIONALLY RECOGNISED LABORATORIES WHICH CAN PROVIDE TRACEABILITY ....................................................................... 32 TYPES OF QUANTITIES FOR WHICH COUNTRIES CAN PROVIDE TRACEABILITY TO A NATIONAL STANDARD ......................................................... 34

4.

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PART A TRACEABILITY OF MEASURING AND TEST EQUIPMENT TO NATIONAL STANDARDS

1.

CONTROL, CALIBRATION AND MAINTENANCE IN PRODUCTION AND IN TESTING LABORATORIES Customer expectations of product quality are getting higher all the time. This means that assuring product quality is important for every company, especially in view of the need to strengthen the companys economic position in the European single internal market. High quality requirements for a product mean that there must be an adequate quality assurance (QA) system. Requirements for QA systems are for example laid down in the ISO 9000 series of standards, which are identical to the EN 29 000 series of European standards1. The control, calibration and maintenance of measuring and test equipment is a major part of the QA content of these standards. Control, calibration and maintenance of measuring and test equipment ensures that measurements are correct in all production processes. To this end, all measurement results must be traceable to national standards1,2. This document assists organisations that are building up a QA system by explaining the concept of control, calibration and maintenance of measuring and test equipment and what that means in practice. It is therefore addressed primarily to staff members responsible for quality in industry. However, the calibration of measuring and test equipment and the traceability of the measurements to national standards are also important requirements for the operation of calibration and testing laboratories and are prerequisites for their accreditation in accordance with European standards of the EN 45000 series (2). This document is therefore also addressed to the operators of calibration and testing laboratories and those who assess them as part of the accreditation procedure.

2.

CALIBRATION AND TRACEABILITY Calibration means determining and documenting the deviation of the indication of a measuring instrument (or the stated value of a material measure) from the conventional true value of the measurand. The term traceability means a process whereby the indication of a measuring instrument (or a material measure) can be compared with a national standard for the measurand in question in one or more stages. In each of these stages a calibration has been performed with a standard, the metrological quality of which has already been determined by calibration with a higher level standard. We thus have a calibration hierarchy, as shown in Figure 1. The figure illustrates in particular how an in-house calibration system (right hand side of the diagram) may interact with the existing metrological infrastructure (left hand side of the diagram).

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3.

WHY ARE CALIBRATION AND TRACEABILITY NECESSARY? For companies, traceability of measuring and test equipment to national standards by means of calibration is necessitated by the growing national and international demand that manufactured parts be interchangeable: supplier firms that make products and customers which install them with other parts must measure with the same measure. But there are legal as well as technical reasons. The relevant laws and regulations have to be complied with just as much as the contractual provisions agreed with the purchaser of the product (guarantee of product quality) and the obligations to put into circulation only products whose safety is not affected by defects if they are used properly. (NOTE: If binding requirements for the accuracy of measuring and test equipment have been stipulated, failure to meet these requirements means the absence of a warranted quality with considerable consequent liability.) Demonstrating that adequate measuring and test equipment has been chosen and is in proper working order for controlling the product is very important for producer liability. This is because systematic and fully documented control of measuring and test equipment together with detailed proof that the equipment has been used correctly is essential if it becomes necessary to prove absence of liability. There are similar technical and legal reasons why calibration and testing laboratory operators should have consistent control of measuring and test equipment in the manner described.

4.

ELEMENTS OF TRACEABILITY Traceability is characterized by a number of essential elements: an unbroken chain of comparisons going back to a standard acceptable to the parties, usually a national or international standard; measurement uncertainty; the measurement uncertainty for each step in the traceability chain must be calculated according to defined methods and must be stated so that an overall uncertainty for the whole chain may be calculated; documentation; each step in the chain must be performed according to documented and generally acknowledged procedures; the results must equally be documented; competence; the laboratories or bodies performing one or more steps in the chain must supply evidence for their technical competence (e.g. by demonstrating that they are accredited); reference to SI units; the appropriate standards must be primary standards for the realization of the SI units; recalibrations; calibrations must be repeated at appropriate intervals; the length of these intervals depends on a number of variables, (e.g. uncertainty required, frequency of use, way of use, stability of the equipment).

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5.

LEVELS IN THE CALIBRATION HIERARCHY

5.1

International

At the international level, decisions concerning the International System of Units (SI) and the realization of the primary standards are taken by the Confrence Gnrale des Poids et Mesures (CGPM). The Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) is in charge with coordinating the development and maintenance of primary standards and organizes intercomparisons on the highest level.

5.2

National Metrology Institutes

The National Metrology Institutes are the highest authorities in metrology in almost all countries. In most cases they maintain the national standards of the country which are the sources of traceability for the associated physical quantity in that country. If the National Metrology Institute has facilities to realize the corresponding SI unit of measurement (the term SI units includes all derived units), the national standard is identical to or directly traceable to the primary standard realizing the unit. If the Institute does not have this facility, it has to ensure that the measurements are traceable to a primary standard maintained in another country. The National Metrology Institutes ensure that the primary standards themselves are internationally comparable. They are responsible for disseminating the units of measurement to users, be these scientists, public authorities, laboratories or industrial enterprises. So they are the top level of the calibration hierarchy in a country. The Western European National Metrology Institutes cooperate in EUROMET.

5.3

Accredited calibration laboratories

Calibration Laboratory Accreditation Bodies accredit calibration laboratories in industry and other organisations, according to well established criteria. For Western Europe these criteria are laid down in EN 45001. Internationally the criteria of ISO/IEC Guide 25 are often used. The documents are almost identical. For some aspects WECC has developed interpretation documents. Accreditation is generally given for specified measurands and for the smallest uncertainties that can be achieved with the suitable measuring devices available in the respective calibration laboratory (best measurement capability). Accredited laboratories are often at the top of a firms internal calibration hierarchy. Their task is then to compare, at appropriate intervals, the firms own working standards (factory standards) with reference standards which are calibrated by a National Metrology Institute or an accredited laboratory with a suitable best measurement capability. Many accredited laboratories carry out calibrations for third parties on request, (eg for firms that do not have calibration measurement facilities with suitable equipment and for private test laboratories working in the field of product certification). (NOTE: If an accredited laboratory is to be engaged for a particular calibration task, the client must ensure that the measurement uncertainty achieved is small enough for the intended use of the measuring instrument to be calibrated). The calibration results are documented in a (calibration) certificate. The Western European Calibration Laboratory Accreditation Bodies cooperate in the Western European Calibration Cooperation (WECC). The main goal of WECC is to ensure that certificates issued by an accredited laboratory are accepted in the other countries. This implies that the laboratories and the Accreditation Bodies have to operate in a compatible way. An evaluation of the Accreditation Bodies and

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the results of interlaboratory comparisons have resulted in a WECC Multilateral Agreement on the mutual acceptance of certificates. This means that official certificates (containing the logo of the accreditation scheme) issued by a laboratory, accredited by one of the signatories of the Multilateral Agreement, are equivalent with the certificates issued by laboratories accredited by any of the other signatories.

5.4

In-house calibration laboratories (factory calibration laboratories)

The task for in-house calibration laboratories is to calibrate regularly the measuring and test equipment used in a company against its reference standards that are traceably calibrated at an accredited calibration laboratory or a National Metrology Institute. The in-house calibration may be documented by a factory calibration certificate, a calibration label or some other suitable method. The calibration data must be retained for a prescribed period of time. The nature and scope of the metrological control of in-house calibration laboratories are at the discretion of the company concerned. They must be adapted to the particular applications so that the results obtained with the measuring and test equipment are sufficiently accurate and reliable. However, accreditation of these laboratories is not necessary to satisfy the requirements of the EN 29000 series of standards for internal purposes. The hierarchy of standards and a resulting metrological organizational structure for tracing measurement and test results within a company to national standards are shown in Figure 2 and demonstrated by examples in Figures 3, 4 and 5. The user of the standard or of the measuring and test equipment is given for each level of the hierarchy, together with his or her functions within the structure and the metrological basis and the result of his or her activity (documentation).

6.

TERMINOLOGY IN THE HIERARCHY OF STANDARDS

The following definitions apply to the hierarchy of standards3: Primary standard: A standard that is designated or widely acknowledged as having the highest metrological qualities and whose value is accepted without reference to other standards of the same quality. International standard: A standard recognized by an international agreement to serve internationally as the basis for assigning values to other standards of the quality concerned. National standard: A standard recognized by a national decision to serve, in a country, as the basis for assigning values to other standards of the quantity concerned. Reference standard: A standard, generally having the highest metrological quality available at a given location or in a given organization, from which the measurements made there are derived. Transfer standard: A standard used as an intermediary to compare standards. Travelling standard: A standard, sometimes of special construction, intended for transport between different locations. Working standard: A standard which is usually calibrated against a reference standard and is used routinely to calibrate or check material measures or measuring instruments. Working standards may also at the same time be reference standards. This is particularly the case for working standards directly calibrated against the standards of a national standards laboratory.

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Certified reference material (CRM): A reference material, accompanied by a certificate, one or more of whose property values are certified by a procedure which establishes traceability to an accurate realization of the unit in which the property values are expressed, and for which each certified value is accompanied by an uncertainty at a stated level of confidence. (NOTES: 1 CRMs are generally prepared in batches for which the property values are determined within stated uncertainty limits by measurements on samples representative of the whole batch. The certified properties of certified reference materials are sometimes conveniently and reliably realized when the material is incorporated into a specially fabricated device, (e.g. a substance of known optical density into a transmission filter, spheres of uniform particle size mounted on a microscope slide). Such devices may also be considered as CRMs. All CRMs lie within the definition of measurement standards or talons given in the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology. Some RMs and CRMs have properties which, because they cannot be correlated with an established chemical structure or for other reasons, cannot be determined by exactly defined physical and chemical measurement methods. Such materials include certain biological materials such as vaccines to which an International unit has been assigned by the World Health Organisation.)

Reference material (RM): Material or substance one or more of whose property values are sufficiently homogeneous and well established to be used for the calibration of an apparatus, the assessment of a measurement method, or for assigning values to materials. (NOTE: A reference material may be in the form of a pure or mixed gas, liquid or solid. Examples are water for the calibration of viscometers, sapphire as a heat-capacity calibrant in calorimetry, and solutions used for calibration in chemical analysis). (GENERAL NOTE: The value of any standard has an uncertainty. In the calibration hierarchy, the higher ranking standard has a smaller uncertainty. Each additional subordinate level therefore leads to an increase in the uncertainty of measurements).

7. 1

REFERENCES ISO 9000 Quality management and quality assurance standards - Guidelines for selection and use ISO 9001 Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in design/development, production, installation and servicing ISO 9002 Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in production and installation ISO 9003 Quality systems - Model for quality assurance in final inspection and test ISO 9004 Quality management and quality system alements - Guidelines

EN 45001 General criteria for the operation of testing laboratories

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EN 45002 General criteria for the assessment of testing laboratories EN 45003 General criteria for laboratory accreditation bodies 3 International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM), ISO/IEC/OIML/ BIPM.

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APPENDIX 1 CHECKLIST FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF THE CALIBRATION AND TRACEABILITY OF MEASURING AND TEST EQUIPMENT. (Cautional note: only positive answers may not be sufficient). 1. GENERAL REMARKS The assessor for measuring equipment must have sufficient knowledge in the fields of metrology and calibration. The assessment refers only to the testing activities for which the laboratory is to be accredited; it does not refer to the operation of a pure calibration laboratory already accredited by another body.

2. 2.1

APPROPRIATE CALIBRATION OF MEASURING EQUIPMENT Is an appropriate calibration prescribed for all measuring instruments: appropriate with respect to the measurement uncertainty of the measuring equipment? appropriate with respect to the influence of the measured quantity on the test result? Is an appropriate functional test determined for such measuring instruments which are based on natural constants (e.g. defined wave lengths)?

2.2

3. 3.1

BODIES PERFORMING CALIBRATION OF MEASURING EQUIPMENT Is the calibration carried out by an external body generally responsible for calibrations or by a body accredited or accepted for that purpose? By a National Metrology Institute? By an accredited calibration laboratory? Is the calibration carried out internally or externally by a laboratory not falling into the categories mentioned in 3.1.1 and 3.1.2: By a competent internal body of the institute operating the test laboratory? By a competent staff group or single person in the test laboratory? By the user of the measuring equipment himself?

3.1.1 3.1.2 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3

4.

CALIBRATION FACILITIES

This paragraph is only applicable the answer is yes on one of the questions of 3.2 4.1 Are internal reference standards and, if appropriate, working standards, available for all measuring and test instruments and measured quantities which are relevant for the measurement and test results? Are the standards, directly or indirectly, in any case by an unbroken chain and documented by certificates, linked to national standards and labelled accordingly by a calibration label?

4.2

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4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8

Are all instruments being part of the calibration equipment properly identified? Is each calibration described in a procedure, (e.g. by switching diagrams or flow charts)? Is the calibration procedure described step by step? Are defined environmental conditions ensured during calibrations? Are relevant environmental conditions recorded during calibrations? Are procedures for the calculation of the measurement uncertainty of the calibration equipment specified and are they followed? Are recalibration intervals fixed in accordance with the intended use and the properties of the equipment and are there programmes for regular recalibrations?

4.9

5. 5.1 5.2 5.3

EVALUATION AND DOCUMENTATION OF RESULTS Are the calibration results and the associated uncertainties documented? Is the observance of fixed recalibration intervals supervised? In the case where calibrations have to be performed before each measurement, are these cases clearly identified? Are the measuring instruments labelled accordingly? Are the results of calibrations - including environmental conditions, if applicable - documented and filed ? Are they available to the user of the measuring instrument? Is a calibration label used as a visible indication of an established confirmation system for the measuring equipment? Are controls for calibration and adjustment sealed which should not be affected by the user?

5.4

5.5

5.6

6. 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.2

SPECIFIED CALIBRATION PROCEDURES Is the measuring equipment of a self-calibration type? Is the internal reference calibrated? Is the process of self-calibration checked? Does the measuring equipment include an internal calibration of a less stable component by means of an internal reference? Is the internal reference calibrated? Is the procedure of internal calibration checked? Is the internal calibration performed regularly, (e.g. before each use of the measuring equipment)?

6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3

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6.3 6.3.1

Is the complete measuring system calibrated as a whole? Are the single components of the measuring system adjusted, especially with respect to zero setting? How is the labelling performed for a complete measuring system? Is each single component of a measuring system calibrated? Are the calibration parameters for the complete measuring system determined from the values of the single components? What is done in the case of disposable measuring devices which cannot be calibrated individually (e.g. strain gauge transducers)? Are samples calibrated? Is continuous sample testing practiced? Which body is performing sample testing? Does the body according to 5.5.2 fulfil the requirements of EN 45001 or ISO/IEC Guide 25 respectively? Is the body accredited according to EN 45001 or ISO/IEC Guide 25? Are reference materials used for the calibration? Are the reference materials certified? Are the calibrations computer-aided? Is the software validated? By which method?

6.3.2 6.4 6.4.1

6.5

6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3

6.5.4 6.6 6.6.1 6.7 6.7.1 6.7.2

7.

RESPONSIBILITIES ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF CALIBRATION OF MEASURING EQUIPMENT Is each user of measuring equipment aware that he is himself responsible for the calibration status of his measuring equipment? Is each new measuring equipment calibrated before use? Are those measuring instruments of which the validity period is expired brought to recalibration by a confirmation system? Are there regulations concerning the responsibility for the internal reference standards, for their traceable calibration and for the working standards? Are there regulations concerning the responsibility for the reliability of calibration software?

7.1

7.2 7.3

7.4

7.5

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PART B RESULTS OF THE ILAC ENQUIRY ON THE TRACEABILITY OF MEASUREMENTS 1. AU NATIONAL STANDARDS LABORATORIES CSIRO Division of Applied Physics, National Measurement Laboratory P.O. Box 218 Lindfield NSW 2070, Australia Tel: +61 2 413 7087 Fax: +61 2 413 7633 Australian Radiation Laboratory (Ionising Radiation) Lower Plenty Road Yallaantie, Victoria 3085, Australia Tel: +61 3 433 2211 Fax: +61 3 432 1835 BE Ministre des Affaires Economiques, Inspection Generale de la Metrologie 24-26 Rue J.A. de Mot 1040 Bruxelles, Belgium Tel: +32 2 233 61 11 Fax: +32 2 233 60 52 Institute for National Measurement Standards National Research Council of Canada Montreal Road, M-36 Ottawa, Ontario K1A OR6, Canada Tel: +1 613 9985648 Fax: +1 613 9525113 Swiss Federal Office of Metrology Lindenweg 50 CH-3084 Wabern, Switzerland Tel: +41 31 963 31 11 Fax: +41 31 963 32 10 Telex: 912 860 topo ch Czech Metrological Institute Okru n 31 638 00 B r n o, Czech Republic Tel: +42 5 528 755 Fax: +42 5 529 149 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Bundesallee 100 D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany Tel: +49 531 5928320 Fax: +49 531 5929212 DK FORCE Institutes Amager Boulevard 115 DK 2300 Kbenhavn S, Denmark Tel: +45 31 54 08 30 Fax: +45 31 95 47 00 Radiometer A/S, Kemisk Referencelaboratorium Emdrupvej 72 DK 2400 Kbenhavn NV, Denmark Danish Technological Institute Teknologiparken DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Tel: +45 86 142400 / 39 696311 Fax: +45 86 147722 / 31 678111 FORCE Institutes Navervej 1 DK 6600 Vejen, Denmark Tel: +45 75 36 42 11 Fax: +45 75 36 41 55 Telecom A/S Telelaboratoriet Telegade 2 DK 2630 Tstrup, Denmark Tel: +45 42 52 91 11 Fax: +45 42 52 93 91 Danish Institute of Fundamental Metrology Building 307, Lundtoftevej 100 DK 2800 Lyngby, Denmark Tel: +45 45 93 11 44 Fax: +45 45 93 11 37 Brel & Kjr A/s (and the Technical University of Denmark) Nrum Hovedgade 18 DK 2850 Nrum, Denmark Tel: +45 42 800500 Fax: +45 42 801405

CA

CH

CZ

DE

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The Acoustics Laboratory Building 352, DTH DK 2800 Lyngby, Denmark Tel: +45 42 881622, ext. 3937 Fax: +45 42 880577 ES Laboratorio Central Oficial de Electrotecnia (LCOE) Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 5625116 Fax: +34 1 5618818 Laboratorio de Metrologa de CIEMAT Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 3466506 Fax: +34 1 346 6005 Laboratorio de Metrologa de la E.T.S.I.I. de la U.P.M. Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 3363129 Laboratorio del instituto de Optica DAZA DE VALDES (CSIC) Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 5616800 Laboratorio de Metrologa del Instituto de Acstica LEONARDO TORRES QUEVEDO (CSIC) Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 5618806 Real Instituto y Observatorio de la Armada San Fernando, Cdiz, Spain Tel: +34 56 599367 Laboratorio de Calibracin del Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales (CSIC) Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 5618806 Laboratorio de Metrologa del Taller de Precision y Centro Elctrotecnico de Artilleria (TPA) Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 5548000

Laboratorio de Metrologa del Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial Esteran Terradas (INTA) Madrid, Spain Tel: +34 1 6270354 / 6270846 Fax: +34 1 6270319 Laboratori General dAssaigs i investigacions de la Generalidad de Catalua (LGAI) Barcelona, Spain Tel: +34 3 6919211 Fax: +34 3 6915911 FI Centre for Metrology and Accreditation P.O. Box 239 00181 Helsinki, Finland Tel: +358 0 61671 Fax: +358 0 6167 467 Technical Research Centre of Finland Laboratory of Electrical and Automation Engineering Otakaari 7 b 02150 Espoo, Finland Tel: +358 0 4561 Fax: +358 0 455 0115 Technical Research Centre of Finland, Laboratory of Engineering Production Technology Metallimiehenkuja 6 02150 Espoo, Finland Tel: +358 0 4561 Fax: +358 0 460 627 Telecom Engineering P.O. Box 65 00211 Helsinki, Finland Tel: +358 0 69201 Fax: +358 0 69206192 Finnish Geodetic Institute Ilmalankatu 1 A 00240 Helsinki, Finland Tel: +358 0 410 433 Fax: +358 0 414 946 Finnish Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety P.O. Box 268 00101 Helsinki, Finland Tel: +358 0 70821 Fax: +358 0 708 2295
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FR

INM, Institut national de metrologie/ CNAM 292 Rue Saint Martin 75241 Paris Cedex 03, France Tel: +33 1 40 27 21 55 Fax: +33 1 42 71 37 36 LCIE, Laboratoire central des industries lectriques 33 Av; du Gal Leclerc. BP 8 92266 Fontenay aux Roses Cedex, France Tel: +33 1 40 95 60 60 Fax: +33 1 40 95 60 50 LPRI, Laboratoire primaire des rayonnements ionisants/DAMRI CEN Saclay. BP21 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France Tel: +33 1 69 08 52 88 Fax: +33 1 69 08 47 73 LNE, Laboratoire national dessais 1 Rue Gaston BOISSIER 75015 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 40 43 37 00 Fax: +33 1 40 43 37 37 LPTF, Lab. primaire des temps et frquences/ Observatoire de Paris 61 Av de lObservatoire 75014 Paris, France Tel: +33 1 40 51 22 21 Fax: +33 1 43 25 55 42

IE

The National Metrology Laboratory, EOLAS, The Irish Science and Technology Agency Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland Tel: +353 1 370101 Fax: +353 1 368364 Ministry of Trade and Industry ISRAEL Danciger A. Bldg. Hebrew University Campus Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, ISRAEL Tel: +972 2 661856 or +972-2-635698 Fax: +972 2 520797 National Physical Laboratory Dr. K.S. Krishnan Marg, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012, India Tel: +91 11 5784478 / 5787161 Fax: +91 11 5752678 E-mail: npl @ sirnetd. ernet. in IMGC - Instituto di Metrologia G. Colonnetti Strada delle Cacce 73 10135 Torino, Italy Tel: +39 11 39771 IEN - Instituto Elettrotecnico Nazionale Galileo Ferraris Strada delle Cacce 91 10135 Torino, Italy Tel: +39 11 348 89 33 Fax: +39 11 346 384 ENEA - Ente per le nuove tecnologie, lenergia e lambiente Area Ambiente CRE Casaccia, C.P. 2400 00100 Roma, Italy Tel: +39 6 304 835 55 Fax: +39 6 304 835 58

IL

IN

IT

GB

National Physical Laboratory Queens Road, Teddington Middlesex TW 11 OLW United Kingdom Tel: +44 81 943 7068 Fax: +44 81 943 7143 Hong Kong Government Standards and Calibration Laboratory 36/F, Immigration Tower 7 Gloucester Road, Wanchai, Hong Kong Tel: +852 829 4830 Fax: +852 824 1302

HK

JP

National Research Laboratory of Metrology 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi Ibaragi, Japan Tel: +81 298 54 4148 National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research 1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba-shi Ibaragi, Japan Tel: +81 298 54 4411

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Electrotechnical Laboratory 1-1-4 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi Ibaragi, Japan Tel: +81 298 54 5021 National Institute for Resources and Environment 16-3 Omogawa, Tsukuba-shi Ibaragi, Japan Tel: +81 298 58 8101 KR Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science P.O. Box 3, Taedok Science Town, Tacjon, 305-606 KOREA Tel: +82 042 861 7200/10 Telex: KOSRI K45534 Fax: +82 02 231 6813 or +82 042 861 1494 Director de Servicios Tecnolgicos Centro Nacional de Metrologa K.m. 4.5. Carr. a Los Cus, El Marqus Qro. Mxico A.P. 1-100 Centro, 76000 Tel: +52 91 42 153784/ 153902 Fax: +52 91 42 162626 Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia P.O. Box 7035 40911 Shah Alam Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Tel: +60 3 5592601/5591630 Fax: +60 3 5508095 NMi Van Swinden Laboratorium (NMi VSL) P.O. Box 654 2600 AR Delft, The Netherlands Tel: +31 15 69 1500 Fax: +31 15 61 2971

NZ

Measurement Standards Laboratory Industrial Research Limited P.O. Box 31310 Lower Hutt, New Zealand SASO, National Metrology Laboratory P.O. Box 3437 Riyadh 11471, Saudi Arabia Tel: +966 1 4489369 Fax: +966 1 4489235 Sveriges Provningsoch Forskningsinstitut AB, SP P.O. Box 857 501 15 Bors, Sweden Tel: +46 33 16 50 00 Fax: +46 33 13 55 02 Flygtekniska frsksanstalten P.O. Box 11021 161 11 Bromma, Sweden Tel: +46 8 634 10 00 Fax: +46 8 25 87 34 Telia Research AB Validering 136 80 Haninge, Sweden Tel: +46 8 707 54 00 Fax: +46 8 707 51 25 FFV AEROTECH AB Riksmtplats, Avd AM 57 732 81 Arboga, Sweden Tel: +46 589 80 000 Fax: +46 589 17 642 Statens Strlskyddsinstitut P.O. Box 60204 104 01 Stockholm, Sweden Tel: +46 8 729 71 00 Fax: +46 8 729 71 08

SA

SE

MX

MY

NL

SG NO National Standards Laboratory (Laboratoriet for nasjonale normaler) P.O. Box 6832, St. Olavs Plass N-0130 Oslo, Norway Tel: +47 22 200226 Fax: +47 22 207772

National Metrology Centre Singapore Institute of Standards and Industrial Research (SISIR) 1 Science Park Drive 0511 Singapore Tel: +65 77 29527 Fax: +65 77 83798

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SK

Slovak Institute of Metrology /SM/ Karlovask 63 842 55 Bratislava, Slovakia - SK Tel: +42 7 726 208 Fax: +42 7 729 592 Metrology Development Programme, Department of Science Service Ratchathewi District Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 2 2460065, ext. 338, 316 Fax: +66 2 2480119 Industrial Metrology and Testing Service Centre Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research 196 Phahonyothin Road, Chatuchak Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: +66 2 5795515 Fax: +66 2 5798592

TH

TW

Center for Measurement Standards, Industrial Technology Research Institute 321, Sec. 2, Kuang FU Rd., Hsinchu, Taiwan. Tel: +886 35 712564 Fax: +886 35 727841 Telecommunication Laboratories Ministry of Transportation and Communication P.O. Box 71 Chung-Li, Taiwan. Tel: +886 3 4244200 Fax: +886 3 4244208 Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Health Physics Division P.O. Box 3-10 Lung-Tan, Taiwan. Tel: +886 3 4711214 Fax: +886 3 4711214

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2.

CALIBRATION LABORATORIES ACCREDITATION BODIES

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3.

OTHER NATIONALLY RECOGNISED LABORATORIES WHICH CAN PROVIDE TRACEABILITY

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The International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (ILAC) is the principal international forum for the exchange of ideas and information on laboratory accreditation. Established in the late 1970s, ILAC membership has grown rapidly and includes representatives from the worlds major laboratory accreditation systems in Europe, Asia, North America, Australia and the Pacic. Countries that are developing their own laboratory accreditation systems are also welcome to participate and contribute. ILAC operates a series of committees which investigate issues such as the harmonisation of international laboratory accreditation practices, the effectiveness of mutual recognition agreements in facilitating trade and the promotion of the aims and awareness of laboratory accreditation around the world. There are regular meetings of individual ILAC committees as well as a major plenary meeting of all ILAC members. The activities of ILAC affect a diverse range of areas including standardisation, accreditation, certication, testing, calibration, and regulation in both the public and private sectors.

ILAC Publications Currently Available

Information Documents (I Series)
ILAC-I1:1994 ILAC-I2:1994 ILAC-I3:1996 ILAC-I4:1996 Legal Liability in Testing Testing, Quality Assurance, Certication and Accreditation The Role of Testing and Laboratory Accreditation in International Trade Guidance Documents for the Preparation of Laboratory Quality Manuals

Guidance Documents (G Series)

ILAC-G2:1994 ILAC-G3:1994 ILAC-G4:1994 ILAC-G7:1996 ILAC-G8:1996 ILAC-G9:1996 ILAC-G10:1996 ILAC-G11:1998 ILAC-G12:2000 ILAC-G13:2000 ILAC-G14:2000 ILAC-G15:2001 Traceability of Measurement Guidelines for Training Courses for Assessors Guidelines on Scopes of Accreditation Accreditation Requirements and Operating Criteria for Horseracing Laboratories Guidelines on Assessment and Reporting of Compliance with Specication Guidelines for the Selection and Use of Certied Reference Materials Harmonised Procedures for Surveillance & Reassessment of Accredited Laboratories Guidelines on Assessor Qualication and Competence Guidelines for the Requirements for the Competence of Reference Material Producers Guidelines for the Requirements for the Competence of Providers of Prociency Testing Schemes Guidelines for the Use of Accreditation Body Logos and for Claims of Accreditation Status Guidance for Accreditation to ISO/IEC 17025

Secretariat Documents (S Series)

ILAC-S1:2000 ILAC-S2:1998 Guidelines for the Preparation, Layout and Numbering of ILAC Publications Rules

Procedural Documents (P Series)

ILAC-P1:2000 ILAC-P2: 2000 ILAC Mutual Recognition Arrangement (Arrangement): Requirements for Evaluation of Accreditation Bodies ILAC Mutual Recognition Arrangement (Arrangement): Procedures for the Evaluation of Regional Cooperation Bodies for the Purpose of Recognition