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Genome Annotation: Haemophilus Influenzae. White Built A Software System To Find The Genes (Fragments of Genomic

Genome annotation involves marking the genes and other biological features in a DNA sequence. The first genome annotation software was developed in 1995 to find genes, transfer RNAs, and assign initial functions to genes in the Haemophilus influenzae genome. Current genome annotation systems work similarly but use improved programs to find protein-coding genes.

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Hanumant Suryawanshi
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40 views

Genome Annotation: Haemophilus Influenzae. White Built A Software System To Find The Genes (Fragments of Genomic

Genome annotation involves marking the genes and other biological features in a DNA sequence. The first genome annotation software was developed in 1995 to find genes, transfer RNAs, and assign initial functions to genes in the Haemophilus influenzae genome. Current genome annotation systems work similarly but use improved programs to find protein-coding genes.

Uploaded by

Hanumant Suryawanshi
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Genome annotation

In the context of genomics, annotation is the process of marking the genes and other biological features in a DNA sequence. The first genome annotation software system was designed in 1995 by Owen White, who was part of the team at The Institute for Genomic Research that sequenced and analyzed the first genome of a free-living organism to be decoded, the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae. White built a software system to find the genes (fragments of genomic sequence that encode proteins), the transfer RNAs, and to make initial assignments of function to those genes. Most current genome annotation systems work similarly, but the programs available for analysis of genomic DNA, such as the GeneMark program trained and used to find proteincoding genes in Haemophilus influenzae, are constantly changing and improving.

Computational evolutionary biology


Evolutionary biology is the study of the origin and descent of species, as well as their change over time. Informatics has assisted evolutionary biologists in several key ways; it has enabled researchers to:

trace the evolution of a large number of organisms by measuring changes in their DNA, rather than through physical taxonomy or physiological observations alone, more recently, compare entire genomes, which permits the study of more complex evolutionary events, such as gene duplication, horizontal gene transfer, and the prediction of factors important in bacterial speciation, build complex computational models of populations to predict the outcome of the system over time track and share information on an increasingly large number of species and organisms

Future work endeavours to reconstruct the now more complex tree of life. The area of research within computer science that uses genetic algorithms is sometimes confused with computational evolutionary biology, but the two areas are not necessarily related.

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