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Grid Example

The document provides information to determine the joint displacements, member end forces, and support reactions for a three member grid structure using the direct stiffness method. It gives the material properties, member properties, and shows the steps to obtain the member stiffness matrices in global coordinates, assemble the structure stiffness matrix, determine the joint displacement vector by solving the equilibrium equations, and calculate the member end forces and support reactions.

Uploaded by

Jose Haro
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
120 views

Grid Example

The document provides information to determine the joint displacements, member end forces, and support reactions for a three member grid structure using the direct stiffness method. It gives the material properties, member properties, and shows the steps to obtain the member stiffness matrices in global coordinates, assemble the structure stiffness matrix, determine the joint displacement vector by solving the equilibrium equations, and calculate the member end forces and support reactions.

Uploaded by

Jose Haro
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GRID EXAMPLE

Determine the joint displacements,


member end forces, and support
reactions for the three member grid
by using the Direct Stiffness Method.
E=200 GPa
G=76 GPa
I=3.47108 mm4
J=1.15108 mm4

8
5

12
D

SOLUTION:
There are 3 active dofs (shown in red).
Also there exist 9 constrained dofs
(shown in green).

11

2
2

10

First obtain member stiffness matrices in global coordinates (XYZ)


Member 1 (From A to C), L=10 m, =36.8
Construct element stiffness matrix in local coordinates (K1)

K1=

832.8

4164

-832.8

4164

874

-874

4164

27760

-4164

13880

-832.8

-4164

832.8

-4164

-874

874

4164

13880

-4164

27760

Transformation matrix (T1) is obtained as


T1=

0.8

0.6

-0.6 0.8

0.8

0.6

-0.6 0.8

Then the element stiffness matrix in global coordinates is obtained through K1=T1T K1T1

K1=

832.8

-2498.4

3331.2

-832.8

-2498.4

3331.2

-2498.4

10553

-12905

2498.4

4437.4

-7081.9

3331.2

-12905

18081

-3331.2

-7081.9

8568.6

-832.8

2498.4

-3331.2

832.8

2498.4

-3331.2

-2498.4

4437.4

-7081.9

2498.4

10553

-12905

3331.2

-7081.9

8568.6

-3331.2

-12905

18081

Member 2 (From B to C), L=6 m, =90

K2=T2T K2T2=

3855.6

-11567

-3855.6

-11567

-11567

46267

11567

23133

1456.7

-1456.7

-3855.6

11567

3855.6

11567

-11567

23133

11567

46267

-1456.7

1456.7

Member 3 (From D to C), L=8 m, =0

K3 = K3=

1626.6

6506.3

-1626.6

6506.3

1092.5

11567

-1092.5

6506.3

34700

-6506.3

17350

-1626.6

-6506.3

1626.6

-6506.3

11567

-1092.5

1092.5

6506.3

17350

-6506.3

34700

The structure stiffness matrix is obtained through assebmly, i.e. K = K1 + K2+ K3


1

6315

14065

-9837.5

14065

57912

-12905

-9837.5

-12905

54238

K=

0
The joint load vector (P) is composed of zeros, i.e.

P=

0
0

Members 2 and 3 are subjected to distributed loads, which should be converted to joint loads.

60

y, Y

-60
20 kN/m

P2F = T2T P2F =

x, Z
6m

60
60

60
60

0
60

60

80

y, Y

0
20 kN/m

P3F = P3F =

x, X
8m

106.67

106.67
80

80

Hence the fixed end force vector fort he structure is PF =

140

60

-106.67

106.67
80

-106.67

The structure stiffness equation can be developed as P - PF = K D

0
0
0

140

60

-106.67

6315

14065

-9837.5

D1

14065

57912

-12905

D2

-9837.5

-12905

54238

D3

-55.95 m
The joint displacements are obtained as

D=

11.33 rad

10-3

-5.49 rad

Member end displacements and forces (also support reactions) can be determined as follows:
For member 1, local end displacements (D1) can be calculated as

0
0
D1 = T1 D1 =

10-3

-55.95
5.77
-11.19
Then, member end forces in local and global coordinates (P1 and P1) can also be determined.

P1 = K1D1 =

0.015

kN

0.015

-5.04

kNm

-50.66

77.71

kNm

59.14

-0.015

kN

-0.015

5.04

kNm

50.57

-77.56

kNm

-59.02

P1 = T1TP1 =

End forces for members 2 and 3 can be determined through the following formulations
P2 = K2D2 + P2F

P3 = K3D3 + P3F

P2 = T2T P2

P3 = T3T P3

P2 =

144.67

135.32

10

-445.06

-12.38

11

7.99

375.52

12

-24.67

24.68

-62.95

12.38

-7.99

67.01

P3 =

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