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Medication Chart

Penicillin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that works by binding to bacterial cell walls and preventing their synthesis. It is commonly used to treat infections caused by gram positive cocci and bacilli as well as some gram negative bacilli such as streptococcus, pneumococcus, and meningococcus. Common side effects include allergic reactions. Nursing implications include monitoring for allergic reactions and administering the medication with food or water.

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Shanon Belle
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1K views4 pages

Medication Chart

Penicillin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that works by binding to bacterial cell walls and preventing their synthesis. It is commonly used to treat infections caused by gram positive cocci and bacilli as well as some gram negative bacilli such as streptococcus, pneumococcus, and meningococcus. Common side effects include allergic reactions. Nursing implications include monitoring for allergic reactions and administering the medication with food or water.

Uploaded by

Shanon Belle
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as ODT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Drug Penicillin as a group

MOA
-Bind to bacterial cell wall, destroy it and prevent synthesis of a new wall -Beta-lactam ring structure -Bacteriocidial

Indications
Gram + cocci/bacilli some gram bacilli Treats: trep! "haryngitis, #heumati $ever, "neumococcal pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis, otitis media, sinusitis, T%s & yphilis, gonorrhea' -Gram + organisms, -a few gram - ie *eisseria meningitidis *arrow pectrum

Side Effects
(llergy-very common erum ic)ness *euroto+icity ,yper)alemia &"en! G given with potassium'

Interactions
-"robenecid-delays the e+cretion of penicillin -(minoglycosides and "enicillin in the same -. line, penicillin inactivates aminoglycoside -Tetracycline could inhibit effects of penicillin

Nursing Implications
-"/ penicillin ta)e with a full glass of water 0 hour before or 1 hours after meals -2onitor B3* and creatinine, u/o esp in young and old -monitor for allergy -teach patient to report (*4 symptoms

Notes

Penicillin G

"recribed in units &0 Given -2: unit e5uals 6!7 mg' -"otassium penicillin G &pea)s rapidly' -"rocaine and Ben8athine: absorbed slowlyrepository

Naficillin

"enicillinase #esistant "enicillin

*arrow pectrum able to resist inactivation by betalactamase Broad pectrum Broad pectrum #ash and diarrhea &less with amo+icillin' Ampicillin + sulbactam (Unasyn) (mo+icillin + clavulanic acid9 (ugmentin

Ampicillin Amoxicillin (Zosyn)


Piperacillin + tazobactam

Gram +, and pseudomonas, proteus, )lebsiella Broad pectrum :an lead to sodium retention in at ris) patients- watch for fluid overload

ticarcillin

Drug Cefazolin (Kefzol)

MOA
-similar to penicillins -disrupt cell wall synthesis and activate autolysins - wor) best against bacterial cells undergoing active cell growth and division -used for gram positive and gramnegative infections -four generations with increasing activity against gram negative infections, and increasing ability to reach : $

Indication
0st generation gram + organism: staph and strep, prophyla+is for surgery 1nd generation ,aemophilus influen8ae, ;lebsiella ceftin- ottis media, sinusitis, respiratory tract infection

Side Effects

Interactions

Nursing Implications

Notes

Cefuroxime (Ceftin) Cefotetan (Cefotan)

:an interfere with .itamin ; chec) bleeding times

-:ross allergy to "enicillin is possible- dont give to patients with a severe reaction to penicillin -Thrombophlebitis -colitis &((":' -nephroto+icity

:an be given "/ and parentally -3se great caution if using with anticoagulants --ngestion of alcohol can lead to an antabuse reaction

Cefaclor (Ceclor) Ceftazi ime (!ortaz) Ceftriaxzone ("ocep#in) Cefepime ($axipime) Nystatin ($ycostatin)

<rd generationmeningitis and nosocomial infections resistant to other drugs >th generation

=+creted by digestive system

gram positive and %rimet#oprim& sulfamet#oxazole gram negative ('actrim or %$P&($Z)

Nitrofurantoin (!ura antin) ($acro antin)

Drug gentamicin tobramycin neomycin Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) )acomycin

MOA

Indication

Side Effects

Interactions

Nursing Implications

Notes

-nhibits cell wall synthesis

"otentially to+iconly used for 2# (, c! diff and penicillin allergic patients

-#enal and ototo+icity -eosinophilia -neutropenia -hypersensitivity

#is) for to+icity increased when used with other drugs that are ototo+ic and nephroto+ic

-%o not give by rapid infusion --. form must be used for systematic infections and oral form for c! diff -watch for thrombophlebitis

#ed man syndrome resulting from rapid infusion: flushing, tachycardia, hypotension,

eryt#romycin azit#romycin %etracycline


Broad pectrum #ic)ettsial diseases: Bacteriostatic inhibitor #oc)y mountain of "rotein ynthesis spotted fever, Typhus fever, ? %uration: short, fever, intermediate, long cholera, pneumonia, acting treatment of acne, helicobacter pylori, %istributed to almost rheumatoid arthritis, all tissue periodontal disease, lyme disease, T%s : chlamydia G- irritation uprainfection ,epatoto+icity #enal to+icity in renal disease %iscoloration of developing teeth 2onitor renal function

*oxycline ()ibramycin) Clin amycin (Cleocin) Zosyn+ Zy,ox (linezoli )

-mipenem (Primaxin)

@ea)ens bacterial cell wall Beta-lactam antibiotic Broadest spectrum of any drug imilar to -mipenem

@idely used for all types of infectionsA some resistance with "seudomonas aeruginosa Bacterial meningitis in children complicated intraabdominal infections nosocomial infections resistant to others

2ost common- n/v/d hypersensitivity, or suprainfection

%osed with cilastin which inhibits destruction of the drug by renal en8ymes

$eropenem ($errem)

C#loramp#enicol (C#loromycetin)

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