UNIT 1 GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT (I) Illustrative Situations /.

Study these example situations: Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key. When we use the resent erfect there is a connection with the !resent: "'#e lost the key. $%" ha#en't got it now.& 'im has gone to (anada. $%He is in (anada or on his way there & )h* dear+ "'#e forgotten her name. $% " can't remem,er it now.& Ha#e you washed the dishes- $.Are they clean now-& The train hasn't arri#ed yet. $%The train isn't at the sta/ tion.& The train has already arri#ed. $ % The train is at the station.& //. Listen to the texts and answer the questions: 0 Mr (ollins ga#e his secretary some letters to ty!e an hour ago. He is going home soon and he wants to sign the letters ,efore he lea#es. He has 1ust !icked u! the !hone and asked his secretary this 2uestion: 3Ha#e you done those letters yet-3 Questions: When did Mr (ollins gi#e his secretary the letters- Why does he want to sign them now- What has he 1ust done- What is his 2uestion4 Arthur's secretary has 1ust sto!!ed another secretary in the corridor. 3Ha#e you seen Mr Tigers-3 she wants to know 35es* " ha#e " saw him only a moment ago He's 1ust gone down that corridor 3 6he might catch him if she hurries. Questions: What has Arthur's secretary 1ust done- What does she want to know- Has the other secretary seen Arthur- What has he 1ust done7. The !olice are asking the ticket collector a,out a man they think might ,e on the 8ondon tram. 3Ha#e you seen this man-3 39o* " ha#en't. " mean* " don't think so.3 3Has the 8ondon train left yet-3 39o* it hasn't.3 Questions: Why are the !olice asking the ticket collector a,out the man in the !hotogra!h- What are their 2uestions- What are the collector's answers///. Listen and imitate. Role-play the conversations. 0. . 6o you are ,ack from town . 5es* and "'#e ,rought you a ,ook from the li,rary . That's #ery nice of you. 4. . Aunt has !romised to take me to the theatre. . Will she ,e a,le to afford it* do you think. " ho!e so. 7. . Will 'ane come to the dance tonight* do you think. " don't think so. Why not. :ecause she hasn't come home yet. ;. . "t's Mrs :aker's ,irthday tomorrow. . " know. . Ha#e you written to her yet. 9o* " ha#en't* ,ut "'m going to. <. . Has Tom got married. 5es* he has. . When did he get married. 8ast month. =. . Has 'ane learnt to dri#e. 9o* she hasn't.

. When is she going to learn. 9e>t month* " think. ?. . " am worried a,out aul. He's failed his e>am again. . " say* he must ,e either unlucky or ill. . He is neither unlucky nor ill. He is sim!ly la@y . 5ou may ,e right. A. . Ha#e you thanked Ba#id for all his wonderful hel!. 9o* " ha#en't. . Why ha#en't you. "'m sorry* ,ut "'#e ,een una,le to get in touch with him. C. . Ha#e you written to Ann. 9o* " ha#en't. . Why ha#en't you. "'m sorry* ,ut "'#e ,een awfully ,usy. 0D. . 'im is going to ,ecome a !rofessional foot,aller. . "s he really. 5es* he is* though he has ne#er !layed in the school team. . How e>traordinary+ 00. . What's the matter. "'#e 1ust fallen off my ,icycle. . oor ,oy+ 04. . Mike Hanson has 1oined a 1ungle e>!edition. . What for. To shoot a film a,out animals . That's #ery ,ra#e of him. 07. . "'#e found this !en "s it yours. 9o* it isn't mine " think it's Eate's. . " don't think so* she has a green one. . :ut she has more than one !en 0;. . Ha#e you e#er ,een to 6cotland. "'#e only ,een there once* ,ut "'#e often ,een to Wales. . "'#e ne#er ,een to Wales. "s it !leasant there. )h* #ery !leasant* ,ut it fre2uently rains in summer. 0<. . 5ou'#e missed a lot of Fnglish classes lately . 5es* "'m afraid so. . " ho!e you'll come to class on Tuesday. . "'m afraid not. "'ll ,e going to Moscow on Tuesday. 0=. . " don't see my dictionary on the ta,le. Who has taken it. "t's me. " ha#e !ut it on the shelf 0?. . Ha#e you e#er ,een to 6t. eters,urg. 5es* "'#e ,een there se#eral times. . As for me "'#e ne#er ,een there. . Really- 5ou should see it. "t's one of the most ,eautiful cities "'#e e#er seen. 0A. . Ha#e you read many ,ooks this year. " wouldn't say that. 'ust a cou!le. . Which ,ook has interested you most. 3Hotel3 ,y A Hailey. 0C. . "'m afraid " ha#e caught cold. " am not feeling well. . Ha#e you called the doctor. 5es* Mother has 1ust !honed him. 4D. . " see eter hasn't returned yet* eh. 9o* he hasn't. . Why is he so long. " think he has gone to the mo#ies. 40. . What's the time. 6orry* "'#e left my watch at home.

44. . 5ou know the city well 5ou ha#e ,een here ,efore* ha#en't you. 5es* " ha#e. 47. 3Henry+3 35es* dear-3 3"'m going u! to ,ed now. Bon't forget to do your little 1o,s.3 39o* dear.3 Henry turned off the tele#ision and went into the kitchen. He fed the cat* washed u! se#eral dishes* dried them and !ut them away. Then he !ut the cat out* locked all the doors and turned out all the lights. When he got to the ,edroom* his wife was sitting u! in ,ed reading a ,ook and eating chocolates. 3Well dear* ha#e you done all your little 1o,s-3 3" think so* my lo#e.3 3Ha#e you fed the cat-3 35es* dear.3 3Ha#e you !ut him out-3 35es* dear.3 3Ha#e you washed u! the dishes-3 35es* dear.3 3Ha#e you !ut them all away-3 35es* dear.3 3Ha#e you turned out all the lights-3 35es* dear.3 3Ha#e you locked the front door-3 35es* dear.3 3Then you can come to ,ed.3 3Thank you* dear.3 After a little while they heard a gate ,anging downstairs. 3Henry.3 . 35es* dear.3 3"'m afraid you'#e forgotten to shut the garden gate.3 3)h dear+ ...3 Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. 8ook+ Bick has ,ought a record. 4. at hasn't gi#en me the ,ook yet. 7. "'#e 1ust come from a #ery im!ortant meeting. ;. He has not thought a,out uni#ersity yet. <. They ha#e recei#ed a lot of letters. =. He has forgotten her name. ?. 'ohn is hungry ,ecause he hasn't had any ,reakfast. A. We ha#e done e>ercise 9o 4. C. " ha#e 1ust s!oken to my ,oyfriend on the !hone. 0D. 6he has !lanned an e>!ensi#e holiday. 00. " ha#en't written to my wife yet. 04. My !arents ha#e 1ust gone out for the e#ening. 07. :ill has asked me for some money. 0;. Helen has ,rought the mail. 0<. )ur team has won the game. 0=. He has !aid a lot of money for his house. 0?. )h* dear* it's going to rain and "'#e left my um,rella at home. 0A. The course has already ,egun. 0C. " ha#e drunk three cu!s of coffee. 4D. )h* "'#e cut my finger. 40. " ha#e not sent a letter to my mother yet. 44. 6he hasn't seen her !arents yet. 47. " ha#e ne#er met him ,efore. 4;. Andrew has chosen a good !resent. 4<. "'#e ,een to aris* ,ut " ha#en't ,een to 8ondon yet. 4=. George has taken a lot of ,ooks from the li,rary. 4?. Gictor has told us an interesting story. 4A. Mr Ro,inson has taught us Fnglish. 4C. He has s!ent his holidays in the (aucasus. 7D. They ha#e sold their car. 70. " ha#e made a lot of mistakes in my test. 74. Roger has lost his ticket. 77. " remem,er that " ha#e !ut the maga@ine on this shelf. 7;. 8ucy has drawn a nice !icture. 7<. " ha#e ,roken my um,rella. 7=. Ro,ert has ,ecome an engineer. 7?. " ha#en't read the article yet. 7A. Ha#e you eaten your steak- 7C. Ha#e you heard this o!era ,efore- ;D. Ha#e the !olice found the man yet- ;0. Has he lent you any money- ;4. Has :ill shown you his new car- ;7. Ha#e you signed the documents- ;;. Ha#e you caught much fish today- ;<. Ha#e you e#er swum in the Atlantic )cean//. Agree with the ollowing utterances. Show the connection o these completed past actions with the present in their result. !se the prompts. e.g. . 5ou ha#e washed the dishes* ha#en't you- $clean& . 5es* " ha#e. They are clean. e.g. . Mary hasn't done the room* has she- $untidy& . 9o* she hasn't. "t's #ery untidy. 0. 5ou'#e ,rought the records* ha#en't you- $in my ,ag& 4. 5ou ha#en't had dinner yet* ha#e you- $hungry& 7. 6usan has !assed her e>ams* hasn't she- $on holiday now& ;. Gictor has gone away on ,usiness* hasn't he- $in Moscow now& <. 5ou ha#en't fi>ed the TGset* ha#e you- $still* out of order& =. 5ou ha#e ty!ed the article* ha#en't you- $on the ta,le& ?. 5ou ha#e made dinner* ha#en't you- $ready& A. 5ou ha#e worked hard today* ha#en't you- $tired&. C. :o, hasn't come home yet* has he- $still* at work& 0D. 'ane has caught cold* hasn't she- $ill&

///. "xpress your disagreement with the ollowing interrogative-negative utterances: e.g. . 5ou ha#en't seen 6te#e today* ha#e you. 5es* " ha#e. "'#e 1ust seen him. 0. 5ou ha#en't laid the ta,le* ha#e you- 4. He hasn't found his glasses* has he- 7. 5ou ha#en't written to aul* ha#e you- ;. The lecture hasn't ,egun yet* has it- <. 6he hasn't sent the !arcel* has she- =. 'ohn hasn't come yet* has he- ?. 5ou ha#en't shut the door* ha#e you- A. He hasn't !aid the ,ill yet* has he- C. 5ou ha#en't told Bick* ha#e you- 0D. 5ou ha#en't made tea* ha#e you- 00. 5ou ha#en't done your homework* ha#e you- 04. Eitty hasn't woken u! yet* has she- 07. :ill hasn't !honed you* has he- 0;. The ,oss hasn't left yet* has he- 0<. The !ostman hasn't ,rought the mail yet* has he- 0=. 5ou ha#en't washed my shirt yet* ha#e you- 0?. 5ou ha#en't s!oken to the ,oss yet* ha#e you- 0A. 5ou ha#en't ,ooked the tickets* ha#e you- 0C. 5ou ha#en't read the article yet* ha#e you- 4D. 5ou ha#en't cut the ,read yet* ha#e you#$. Answer the questions. %o it as in the example: e.g. . Has 6imon sent a !ostcard to his mother. 5es* he has sent her a !ostcard. 0. Ha#e you made a sweater for eter- 4. Ha#e the ,oys ,ought a !resent for me- 7. Has Roger gi#en any money to you- ;. Ha#e you lent your ty!ewriter to 6usan- <. Ha#e you made a cake for George and his wife- =. Ha#e you shown your al,um to 'ack- ?. Ha#e you sent a ,irthday card to 'ane's !arents- A. Has eter written a letter to you and your wife$. Say that you have already done what you are as&ed to do: e.g. . Bon't forget to answer the letters. . "'#e already answered them. 0. Bon't forget to ,uy the tickets. 4. Remem,er to sign the !a!ers. 7. Bon't forget to write to Mr 6mith. ;. Bon't forget to wash the dishes. <. Remem,er to dust the ,ookshel#es. =. Bon't forget to fi> the sink. ?. Remem,er to !hone Br Ray. A. Remem,er to cook the !udding. C. Bon't forget to !ost the letter. 0D. Bon't forget to tell eter a,out the match. 00. Remem,er to !ack our things. 04. Remem,er to clean your shoes. 07. Bon't forget to !olish the mirrors. 0;. Remem,er to send the !arcel. 0<. Bon't forget to sha#e. $#. Say that you can't give your opinion on the su()ect. *ollow the model: e.g. . What do you think of the e>hi,ition- $#isit& . " ha#en't #isited it yet. 0. Bo you like the 3Minsk3 hotel- $stay& 4. How do you like the new Ryasano#'s film$see& 7. Bo you find his sister !retty- $meet& ;. What does she think of the o!era$hear&. <. Bo you like the ,ook- $read& =. How do you find :rest- $#isit& ?. Boes the suit fit you- $try on& $##. Re use the o ers politely: e.g. . Would you like something to eat- $ha#e dinner& 0D . 9o* thank you. "'#e 1ust had dinner. 0. Would you like a cigarette- $smoke one& 4. Would you like a cake- $eat one& 7. Would you like an orange- $ha#e one& ;. Would you like a cu! of coffee- $drink one& <. Would you like a ,ottle of red wine$,uy one& =. Would you like to taste my ,iscuits- $taste one& e.g. . 6hall " !ost the letter. 9o* you needn't* thank you. "'#e already $1ust& !osted it. 0. 6hall " wash the windows- 4. 6hall " ,ook a ticket for you7. 6hall " ,uy you some medicine- ;. 6hall " ty!e your re!ort<. 6hall " translate the article- =. 6hall " !hone Helen- ?. 6hall " re!air the iron- A. 6hall " dust the furniture$###. Answer the questions using the prompts: e.g. . What has ,ecome of your ,icycle* eter- $,reak& . Bon't you know- "'#e ,roken it. 0. Where is Alec- $lea#e for Rome.& 4. What has ,ecome of your um,rella- $lose& 7.

Where are the :rowns- $go to 8ondon& ;. Why hasn't Mary come- $fall ill& <. Where is your car- $sell& =. Why does 'ane look so u!set- $fail her finals& ?. " hear your ,rother is at hos!ital. What has ha!!ened to him- $,reak one's arm& e.g. . Will 8ucy take !art in the discussion- $not* return from Glasgow& . " don't think so. 6he hasn't returned from Glasgow yet. 0. Will Mike go to the !ictures with us- $not* do one's homework& 4. Will Bonald come to the !arty- $not* !ass one's e>ams& 7. Will 6am Morgan !lay today- $not* reco#er& ;. Will the ,oss ,e lea#ing soon- $not* recei#e all the #isitors& <. Will Mary 1oin us- $not* finish work& =. Will eter ,e lea#ing for 8ondon tonight- $not* ,uy a ticket& #+. ,omplete the situations. !se the ver(s given: e.g. Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. $lose& He has lost his key. 0. 5esterday :ill was !laying foot,all. 9ow he can't walk and his leg is in !laster* $,reak& 4. 'ane was ,usy ty!ing some time ago. 9ow she is free* $finish ty!ing& 7. Mr :rown knows much* $read a lot& ;. Eate is #ery ha!!y* $do well in all her e>ams& <. The girl is crying* $fall down& =. The students were doing a test at <. They are ha#ing a ,reak at the moment* $write one's test& ?. " am #ery tired* $do a lot of work a,out the house& A. :etty is !leased* $swim much today& C. Harry is !roud* $,ecome a student& 0D. " don't remem,er where 6te#e li#es* $forget one's address& 00 A3. ,omplete the situations. !se -so ar-: e.g. . " saw Tom yesterday ,ut " ha#en't seen him so far today. 0. "t rained a lot last week ,ut ... this week. 4. "t snowed a lot last winter ,ut ... this winter. 7. We ate a lot yesterday ,ut ... today. ;. " !layed tennis a lot last year ,ut ... this year. <. 6he worked hard last term ,ut ... this term. =. " watched tele#ision yesterday e#ening ,ut ... this e#ening. ?. My fa#ourite foot,all team won a lot of matches last season ,ut ... this season. +L 5ou are writing a letter to a friend and gi#ing news a,out the !eo!le you ,oth know. Hse the words gi#en to make sentences and !ut the #er, into the correct form: e.g. hil/find a new 1o,. hil has found a new 1o,. Bear (hris* 8ots of things ha#e ha!!ened since " last wrote to you. 0. (harles/go/:ra@il 4. 'ack and 'ill/decide to get married 7. 6usan/ha#e a ,a,y ;. Mike/gi#e u! smoking <. George/!ass his dri#ing test =. Mary/,ecome a student ?. My !arents/retire +##. ,omplete the answers to these questions. !se the ver(s in (rac&ets: e.g. . "s it a ,eautiful !ainting- $see& . 5es* it's the most ,eautiful !ainting "'#e e#er seen. 0. "s she an interesting !erson- $meet& 4. "s it a long ,ook- $read& 7. "s it a good o!era$hear& ;. "s the article difficult- $translate& <. "s the film funny- $see& =. "s Hncle 'ack a kind man- $know& ?. "s it an e>citing tri!- $ha#e& A. "s the record e>!ensi#e- $,uy& C. "s Mary a tall girl- $meet& 0D. "s the test hard- $do& +###. As& and answer questions using the words given: e.g. you/,ook the tickets . Ha#e you ,ooked the tickets. 9o* " ha#en't ,ut "'m going to. 0. Mary/ty!e the articleI 4. they/discuss the !ro1ectI 7. you/eat at the new "talian restaurantI ;. you/!ack the suitcaseI <. eter/see the filmI =. you/,egin the e>!erimentI ?. you/tell Mary a,out the !icnicI A. 9ancy/translate the te>tI C. the Wests/sell their houseI 0D. Ba#id/do his homeworkI 00. 'ack/,uy a carI 04. you/ha#e

dinnerI 07. she/s!eak to the rectorI 0;. you/hear 3Aida3I 0<. Bick/ 04 read the articleI 0=. you/!hone 8ucyI 0?. you/choose a !resent for :illI 0A. you/send for the doctorI 0C. Harry/get married* e.g. eter/get u!/ha#e ,reakfast . Has eter got u! yet. 5es* he has. He is ha#ing ,reakfast now. 0. Tom/do one's e>ercises/!lay chessI 4. 'ill/check the tests/ watch TGI 7. 8ucy/ha#e dinner/wash u!I ;. Mary/clean the flat/ty!eI <. 'ane/write the letters/dust the car!etI =. you/cook su!!er/lay the ta,le* e.g. 'ohn/get u!/slee! . Has 'ohn got u! yet. 9o* he hasn't. He's still slee!ing. 0. Fmma/cook dinner/make sou!I 4. you/gi#e the ,ook ,ack to Mike/readI 7. Bick/lea#e for the air!ort/!ack one's suitcaseI ;. Eate/find one's glo#es/look for themI <. Miss Green/finish ty!ing/ty!eI =. the ,oys/return home/!lay foot,all* e.g. you/Warsaw . Ha#e you e#er ,een to Warsaw. 5es* "'#e ,een there se#eral times* $twice* once& $9o* " ha#e ne#er ,een there& 0. you/8ondonI 4. your wife/:restI 7. your hus,and/ arisI ;. you/"ndiaI <. your sister/GeorgiaI =. your ,rother/6i,eriaI ?. you/(hinaI A. your ,oss/JranceI C. you/Eie#I 0D. you/GlasgowI 00. you/5alta* e.g. you/hear from George/recently . Ha#e you heard from George recently. 5es* " ha#e. $9o* " ha#en't& 0. you/read much/latelyI 4. you/eat anything/todayI 7. you/ha#e a holiday/this yearI ;. you/see/any good films/latelyI <. you/!lay tennis/recentlyI =. you/see/Tom/in the !ast few daysI ?. you/work hard/this weekI A. you/often/go out/latelyI C. you/ swim/much/recentlyI 0D. you/,e a,road/this year. +#$. Respond to the ollowing suggestions: e.g. . 8et's ,ook the tickets tomorrow. . Ha#en't you ,ooked them yet. 9o* " ha#en't. 0. 8et's in#ite Helen to the !arty. 4. 8et's write a letter to Hncle 'ack. 7. 8et's make su!!er. ;. 8et's hear 3(armen3. <. 8et's see this film. =. 8et's send her a telegram. ?. 8et's wash the windows. A. 8et's #isit the art e>hi,ition. +$. "xpress surprise in response to the ollowing utterances: e.g. . 'ack has failed his e>am. . Has he07 e.g. . Ro,ert hasn't come. . Hasn't he0. They ha#e already finished the test. 4. We ha#en't in#ited the :lacks. 7. " ha#e ne#er heard this song ,efore. ;. Mary has en1oyed the !erformance. <. The Wests ha#e sold their house. =. Roger has won the race. ?. My !arents ha#e ne#er ,een a,road. A. Bick hasn't hel!ed me. C. 'ane has decided to ,ecome an actress. 0D. Mr 6mith has already left. 00. 'ohn hasn't fi>ed the sink. +$#. "xpress solidarity: e.g. . " ha#e already read this ,ook. And you. 6o ha#e ". e.g. . Eate hasn't come yet. And :etsy. 9either has :etsy. 0. Ba#id has caught a lot of fish. And 'ack- 4. Mary has en1oyed the film. And 8ucy- 7. " ha#en't heard from 6te#e yet. And you- ;. Ann has ne#er ,een to 6!ain. And :ill- <. " ha#e already had dinner. And you- =. Gictor has already written his test. And :o,- ?. 9ina hasn't left yet. And Helen- A. 'ohn has come. And eter+$##. As& and answer questions as shown in the example: e.g. 'ack is dri#ing a car ,ut he's #ery ner#ous and not sure what to do. 5ou ask: "s this the first time you'#e dri#en a car- 'ohn: 5es* "'#e ne#er dri#en a car ,efore. 0. Roger is !laying tennis. He is not #ery good and doesn't know the rules. 5ou ask: ...

Roger: ... 4. 6ue is riding a horse. 6he doesn't feel #ery confident and comforta,le. 5ou ask: ... 6ue: ... 7. Maria is in Fngland. 6he's 1ust arri#ed and it's #ery new for her. 5ou ask: ... Maria: ... ;. 8ucy is making a cake. :ut she is not sure it will ,e a good cake. 5ou ask: ... 8ucy: <. Mrs 6mith is on ,oard a !lane flying to (anada. 6he feels #ery ner#ous a,out it. 5ou ask: ... Mrs 6mith: ... +$###. As& and answer questions. !se the words given. e.g. you/in#ite/the :a>ters/the Hunts . 5ou'#e in#ited the :a>ters* ha#en't you. 5es* " ha#e ,ut " ha#en't in#ited the Hunts. 0. you/!hone/Helen/AliceI 4. Bick/,ring/the ma!/the com!assI 7. you/,e/8ondon/8i#er!oolI ;. you/tell/Fmma/TomI <. Mike/send/the letter/the !arcelI =. you/see/the art/gallery/the s!ace museum. 0; +#+. Respond to the ollowing phrases: e.g. . " am going to #isit aul. . 6o you ha#en't #isited him yet* ha#e you- 0. " am going to send her a telegram. 4. 'ane is going to change her flat. 7. " am going to #isit Helen. ;. " am going to hear 3(armen3. <. :ill is going to ,uy a car. =. " am going to write to 8ucy. ++. Answer the questions: 0. Ha#e you seen any interesting films lately- 4. What new !laces ha#e you #isited this year- 7. How many cigarettes ha#e you smoked today- ;. How much money ha#e you s!ent this week- <. How many holidays ha#e you s!ent at the seaside o#er the !ast si> years- =. Ha#e you read much this month- ?. How many 2uestions ha#e you answered so far++#. Learn the dialogues and ma&e su(stitutions: 0. A: :e careful+ :: Why+ A: "'#e 1ust !ainted the door. :: "t's all right ... " ha#en't touched it. A: Ha#en't you- What's that on your arm.rompts: shelf/handI desk/legI chair/shoulderI wall/el,ow 4. A: "'m ,ored. :: Well* do something+ A: What* for e>am!le- :: Wash your hair. A: "'#e already washed it. :: :rush your shoes+ A: "'#e already ,rushed them. :: Why don't you clean your room- A: "'#e already cleaned it. :: Well* ... !erfect your Fnglish+ A: Hmm ... .rompts: finish your homeworkI iron your clothesI tele!hone your friendI study your Fnglish ++##. ,omplete the ollowing phrases. !se the .resent .er ect: e.g. 6he must work hard. 6he has failed her e>am* $or: 6he has missed a lot of classes.& 0. We are free now. 4. Why don't you read the article- 7. Bon't forget to !hone Tom. ;. 6hall " send him some money- <. )!en the door* !lease. =. Where are the cu!s- ?. 5ou must ,ook a ticket in ad#ance. A. What a,out going to a !u,- C. Bo your homework. 0< 0D. What has ha!!ened to aul- 00. 8et's in#ite Mary. 04. "'m not hungry. 07. Gictor won't come. 0;. 6witch off the light in the kitchen. 0<. Ann is u!set. 0=. 6hall " wash the dishes- 0?. Will you !lease fi> the sink- 0A. What has ,ecome of your ,icycle- 0C. Eate looks ha!!y. 4D. Will 6te#e 1oin us- 40. Bid you en1oy the ,ook- 44. "s eter a cle#er man- 47. Bo you like his new car- 4;. 5ou must teach him to swim. 4<. " can't afford a rest at the seaside this year. 4=. "'m going to !ost the letter on my way home. 4?. Would you like a cu! of tea- 4A. " don't know your friend 6mith. 4C. What is the film a,out- 7D. What a,out a game of chess- 70. He knows Jrance #ery well. 74. Why don't

you ,uy this ty!ewriter++###. /a&e up dialogues using the prompts: e.g. A: "'#e 1ust ,een to the new (hinese restaurant. :: )h+ Ha#e you- "'#e 1ust ,een to an "ndian restaurant. .rompts: a new Jrench car/a German carI a ,ook ,y 'ohn Wyndham/a ,ook ,y 9e#il 6huteI a new 1o, in 8ondon/a new 1o, in :ristolI lunch in the new canteen/lunch in the cafe round the cornerI the film at the )deon/the film at the la@aI a concert on Radio 4/a !lay on Radio 7. Fluency /. Listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Role-play the conversations. 0. aul: (an you lend me K <D:ill: 6orry* " can't ... " ha#en't ,een to the ,ank today. aul: )h dear ... " ha#en't ,een either* and " need some money. "t's too late now... it's four o'clock. :ill: Why don't you ask eteraul: )h* has he ,een to the ,ank:ill: 5es* he has He always goes on Mondays. Questions: How much money does aul need- Why can't :ill lend him K <D- Has aul ,een to the ,ank today- What does :ill ad#ise aul to do- 4. Ba#id: Ha#e you tra#elled a lot* 9ora9ora: 5es* "'#e ,een to ;? different countries. Ba#id: Really+ Ha#e you ,een to (hina9ora: 5es* "'#e #isited (hina twice. Ba#id: What a,out "ndia9ora: "'#e ne#er ,een to "ndia. Questions: Has 9ora tra#elled much- How many countries has she #isited- Has she ,een to (hina- 6he has ,een to "ndia too* 0= hasn't she- What countries ha#e you #isited- Ha#e you e#er ,een to Madrid- Ha#e you seen aris7. Jather: 5our mother has told me that you'#e gi#en u! your 1o,. 5ou don't want to work any more. What are your !lans'ohn: 5es* that's right. "'#e decided to dri#e a cam!ing ,us across Furo!e and the Middle Fast to "ndia. "t's something "'#e always wanted to do. "'#e sa#ed enough money and "'m going to do it. Jather: "'#e talked to your mother and she's #ery unha!!y a,out what you're doing. lease think again. 'ohn: "'#e thought a,out it carefully and it's my decision. Questions: What has 'ohn done- What are his !lans- Are 'ohn's !arents ha!!y that he has gi#en u! his 1o,;. 'ill: Hello* 6te#e. "'m home. "t's rather cold in here. 6te#e: "'#e turned the heating on. "t's getting warm now. "'#e ,een #ery ,usy* so "'m not cold. "'#e washed all the windows. "'#e cleaned the flat and "'#e answered four letters. "'#e also cleared a lot of !a!ers off my desk* so it looks nice and tidy now. " feel e>hausted. 'ill: And ha#e you washed the dishes- 6te#e: "'#e already washed and dried the dishes. And "'#e 1ust made a !ot of tea. (ome and ha#e a cu!. 'ill: Wonderful+ Ha#e you !ainted the kitchen door- 6te#e: 9o* " ha#en't started with the door yet. 'ill: 5ou'#e worked really hard* 6te#e. (ongratulations+ )h* 6te#e... "'#e in#ited am and 'eff for dinner. They are coming tonight and ... Ha#e you cooked dinner- 6te#e: 9o* " ha#en't. 'ill: )h* good+ 5our curries are so good* they are ,etter than mine Questions: Why does 6te#e feel e>hausted- What housework has he done- What hasn't he done yet- Who is coming to see the :a>ters tonightSituation: 5ou'#e 1ust come home from work. 5ou ask your daughter whether she has done the work you told her to do when you were lea#ing the house. <. Flmer (olt is from Eansas. He's on a 0;/ day tour of Furo!e. The tour started in

8ondon. At the moment he's in rague. "t's the eighth day of the tour. He's already ,een to se#en countries and stayed in the ca!ital cities. He's ne#er ,een to Furo!e ,efore* and he's already seen a lot of new !laces. He's done a lot of interesting things ... and the tour hasn't finished yet. Mrs (olt: ... Flmer- ... "s that youFlmer: 5es* Momma. Mrs (olt: Where are you now* Flmer0? Flmer: "'#e 1ust arri#ed in rague* Momma. Mrs (olt: 5ou ha#en't sent me any !ostcards yet. Flmer: 5es* " ha#e ... "'#e sent one from e#ery city. Mrs (olt: Ha#e you ,een to aris yet* FlmerFlmer: 5es* " ha#e. Mrs (olt: Ha#e you ,een to Gienna yetFlmer: 9o* " ha#en't. We are going to Gienna tomorrow. Mrs (olt: Flmer+ Are you still thereFlmer: 5es* Momma. Mrs (olt: How many countries ha#e you seen now* FlmerFlmer: Well* this is the eighth day* so "'#e already seen eight countries. Mrs (olt: Ha#e you s!ent much money* Flmer- Flmer: 5es* Momma. "'#e ,ought a lot of sou#enirs ... and " want to ,uy some more. (an you send me a thousand dollarsMrs (olt: All right* Flmer. Mrs (olt: Flmer* are you listening to me- Flmer: 5es* Momma. Mrs (olt: Ha#e you taken many !hotogra!hs* Flmer- Flmer: 5es* Momma* "'#e taken a lot. "'#e used three rolls of film. Mrs (olt: Ha#e you met any nice girls yet* Flmer- Flmer: )h* yes* Momma... there's a girl from Te>as on the tour. We'#e done e#erything together. Mrs (olt: Flmer+ Flmer+ Are you still there* FlmerQuestions: Where is Flmer (olt from- What is he doing at the moment- How many countries has he #isited so far- Where is he !honing his mother from- Has he sent his mother any !ostcards- What does Flmer ask his mother to do- Has Flmer taken any !hotogra!hs- Has Flmer met any nice girls- Where is his girlfriend fromSituation: "magine you are on a tour of Furo!e. "t's the tenth day of your tour and you are !honing your friend from aris. Self check /. !se the proper tense orms. 0. At last " $do& my homework. " can go for a walk now. 4. The delegation already $arri#e& ,ut we $not* s!eak& with its mem,ers yet. 7. 8ast month " $read& two interesting ,ooks ,ut " $not* read& anything so far this month. ;. 35ou $make& any s!elling mistakes in your test-3 . 39o* " $not* make& any mistakes.3 <. 3Where is 'ane-3 36he $go& to the sho!s. 6he'll ,e ,ack soon.3 =. 35ou e#er $,e& to the H6A-3 35es* " $,e& to 9ew 5ork 0A se#eral times.3 ?. " $!lay& a lot of tennis since the summer $,egin&. A. We $not* see& 'ohn this morning ,ut we $see& him a cou!le of days ago. C. Harry is ill. He $ha#e& an accident. He $,reak& his leg. 0D. 35ou $finish& ty!ing-3 39ot yet. "n fact " 1ust $,egin&.3 00. 3How many records you $,ring&-3 3Ji#e3. 04. 35ou e#er $find& anything #alua,le-3 39o* "... .3 07. 3Mr West $sell& his house yet-3 35es* he ... . He $sell& it last week.3 3He $mo#e& to his new house yet-3 39o* not yet.3 //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. LM NOPQR/STUO TPVRST W XRYZR[M \ LTN[OVOZ- ]^ YOVOXO TPVR_[- . `_ a^Rb. c ^TNOPQR \ ^TZ ^_ TPVRS. 4. dRN eOfTWR_[ g^h- c __ ^_ WTfi W eO\S_Q^__ WV_Zh.. jeR\TUO* YOVOXO.. g NRN WRX \M^- ]^ if_ ONO^kTS XNOSi- . lR* O^ if_ \[iQ_^[.

7. c QOSf^R ieRNOWR[m k_ZOQR^.. `_ U_\eONOn\h* h _PO if_ ieRNOWRS. ;. oO_Zi eS_Zh^^TNi [OSmNO < S_[* ^O O^ if_ ^RikTS\h YOVOXO kT[R[m. <. LM NOPQR/STUO UMWRST W g^PSTT- . lR* h UMS [RZ QWR POQR ^RaRQ. =. p[O \SikTSO\m- . c VRaUTSR \WOb SbUTZib kRXNi. ?. oM NieTST ^OWMn [_S_WTaOV. o^_ O^ Ok_^m ^VRWT[\h. A. `T^R Ok_^m VR\\[VO_^R. ]^R ^_ \QRSR qNaRZ_^. C. `TNOSRn eVTQ_[ ^R W_k_V- . `_[* O^ i_YRS W NOZR^QTVOWNi. 0D. riQ_Z \ZO[V_[m \_POQ^h W_k_VOZ [_S_WTaOV- . c _PO _s_ ^_ eOkT^TS. 00. LM if_ eOQeT\RST QONiZ_^[M- . lR* WM ZOf_[_ TY aRUVR[m. PRESENT PERFECT (I) AN SI!P"E PAST (C#!PARE ) Illustrative Situations /. Study these example situations. Learn them. We use the resent erfect $ha#e done& to gi#e new information or to announce a recent ha!!ening. :ut if we continue to talk a,out it we normally use the ast 6im!le $did&: 0. . )h+ "'#e ,urnt myself+ . How did you do that. " touched a hot dish. 4. . "'#e ,ought a #ery good raincoat. . Where did you ,uy it. "n one of the small sho!s in Regent 6treet. . How much did it cost. t <D. Bo not use the resent erfect when you are talking a,out a finished time in the !ast $for e>am!le: yesterday* two years ago* in 0C?C* when " was a child* etc.&: 0C Tom lost his key yesterday. " translated the article on Jriday. " last saw him in 0CA<. Hse the 6im!le ast to ask WHF9 something ha!!ened: What time $when& did he arri#e,ompare: "'#e smoked 4D cigarettes today* $it is still today& " smoked 4D cigarettes yesterday* $the e#ent is !ast& 7. 'ulia has 1ust come to work. 6he is late again. 6he is asking one of the ty!ists a,out her ,oss. He often comes in late* too. 3Has the ,oss come yet-3 35es* he has. He's in the office now.3 3When did he come-3 3He came #ery early. He noticed you weren't here.3 Questions: What has 'ulia 1ust done- Has her ,oss come yet- What did he notice- Bid he come early or late;. uu Ha#e you e#er studied a language ,efore. 5es* " ha#e. . )h* which one did you study. " studied Jrench at school. <. . Ha#e you e#er ,een to a wedding. 5es* " ha#e. . Whose wedding was it. "t was my ,rother's. =. . Ha#e you e#er eaten at the Royal Hotel. 5es* " ha#e. . When did you eat there. Mary and " ate there two months ago. ?. . Ha#e you e#er ,roken a ,one. 5es* " ha#e. . What did you ,reak. " ,roke my leg. A. . Ha#e you e#er had flue. 5es* " ha#e. . When did you ha#e it. " had it last winter. C. . Ha#e you seen any films lately. 5es* "'#e m__e 3The White (anyon3. // When did you see it. 8ast week*

0D. . Ha#e you sold your car. 5es* " ha#e. . Why did you sell it. "'d like to ,uy a 'aguar. 4D Practice /. Respond to the ollowing using the .resent .er ett and the Simple .ast: e.g. . Why don't you ,uy this dictionary- $yesterday& . "'#e already ,ought it. " ,ought it yesterday. 0. Why don't you send her a telegram- $this morning& 4. Will you make tea* !lease- $a few minutes ago& 7. Bo your homework* $,efore su!!er& ;. 5ou should read the ,ook* $in summer& <. ut the towel into the suitcase* $some minutes ago& =. Why don't you s!eak to the ,oss- $the day ,efore yesterday& ?. What a,out seeing 3)li#er3- $on Tuesday& A. 5ou should ,uild a garage* $last year& C. Why don't you !hone eter- $in the afternoon& 0D. Tell Bick a,out the e>!edition* $last Jriday& 00. Why don't you in#ite the :rowns- $yesterday& 04. 5ou must re!air the TG set. $yesterday morning& 07. 5ou should ,ook the tickets in ad#ance* $last 6aturday& 0;. Gi#e her your ty!ewriter for a few days* $yesterday& //. Say -when-: e.g. Henry has fallen ill. He fell ill on Tuesday. 0. They ha#e ,egun the e>!eriment. 4. "'#e found my ticket. 7. He has finished the work. ;. They ha#e rung him u!. <. " ha#e written the letter. =. He has !assed his e>am. ?. 6he has !aid for the furniture. A. They ha#e ,ought a ,oat. C. They ha#e seen the museum. 0D. The !orter has already ,rought our suitcases. 00. "'#e lost my um,rella again. 04. They ha#e changed their flat. 07. 6he has ,roken her watch. +;. They ha#e got married. 0<. "'#e already had dinner. 0=. The delegation has already arri#ed. 0?. The train has left. 0A. Gictor has gone to Moscow on ,usiness. 0C. "'#e already swum in the sea today. 4D. Eitty has already woken ti!. 4i " ha#e sold my garage. 44. " ha#e told 'ack a,out the !icnfc. ///. Answer the questions using the prompts: e.g. . Has he seen Ann- $yesterday& . 5es* he saw her yesterday. 0. Ha#e you sold your car- $last month& 4. Ha#e you s!oken to 'ack- $on Jriday morning& 7. Ha#e you written to Mary- $the day ,efore yesterday& ;. Ha#e you thrown the letter away- $some minutes ago& <. Ha#e you ,urnt the documents- $three nours ago& =. Ha#e you found your keys- $this morning& ?. Has your hus,and e#er forgotten your ,irthday- $last year& A. Ha#e you rung Tomv $yesterday afternoon& C. Has 'ack e#er ,een to "taly- $in 0CCD& 0D. Ha#e you heard the news- $yesterday& 00. Has she ,egun 40 : work yet- $at 0D o'clock& 04. Ha#e you eaten the cake- $in the morning& #$. As& your riend whether he has done certain things and when he did them. !se the prompts: e.g. ,uy a house . Ha#e you ,ought a house. 5es* " ha#e. . When did you ,uy it. Two months ago. 0. !ay the ,ill 4. send for the doctor 7. see 3Gone with the Wind3 ;. ,ook a ticket <. read 3War and eace3 =. ha#e dinner ?. recei#e the documents A. ty!e the !a!ers C. do one's homework 0D. rest in the (rimea 00. hear 3Aida3 04. choose a !resent 07. write the test !a!er 0;. sell one's tent $. Study the model conversations. 1hen2 ma&e conversations o your own on the same model. As& 34"5 and other questions li&e that: 0. atricia Riley is an "rish girl. 6he is trying to get a 1o, as a shorthand/ty!ist. At inter#iews !eo!le ask her 2uestions like these:

3Ha#e you e#er done this sort of work ,efore-3 3Where did you work last-3 3How long did you work there-3 4. . Ha#e you e#er ,een to aris. 5es* 0 ha#e. . When were you there. 8ast s!ring. . What did you think of it. "t was #ery ,eautiful. 7. Richard ne#er ,elie#es what the critics say a,out a film He always asks his friends instead. He wants to know if the new Jellini film is any good He is talking to a friend now. His first 2uestion is: 3Ha#e you seen the new Jellini film-3 The answer is: 35es* " ha#e.3 Richard then asks different 2uestions like: When did you see it- Where did you see itWas it good$ariations 0. 5ou ne#er ,elie#e what tra#el ,rochures say. 5ou want to know a,out Moscow. erha!s your friends know. What do you ask your friends first Ask WHF9- Ask: #ery cold- any other tourists- the ,allet- ,y train or !lane44 4. 5ou want to go to a language school in :ournemouth* Fngland. 5ou want to know a,out the town* the weather* etc. 5ou ha#e a friend who has tra#elled a lot. Ask 2uestions with these words. a& e#er/:ournemouth d& How long/there ,& When e& a lot of Fnglishc& weather likef& !rices #ery high7. Arthur Bocker has a different car e#ery year. He has a Rolls Royce this year. Ask 2uestions with these words. a& e#er/a Mercedes d& fast ,& When e& e>!ensi#e c& a good car f& How long $#. Answer the questions: 0. Ha#e you e#er ,een to Eie#- When were you there- Bid you go there on ,usiness or for !leasure- How long did you stay there- 4. Ha#e you e#er tra#elled ,y sea- When was it- Bid you en1oy your #oyage- Ha#e you e#er tra#elled ,y air- When did you last tra#el ,y air- Bid you feel airsick- 7. Ha#e you seen your friend this month- When did you see him $her&- Bid you s!end much time together- ;. When did you go to the cinema last- Was the film interesting- Ha#e you seen many films this month- Ha#e you ,een to the theatre this week- <. Ha#e you e#er learned Jrench- What language did you learn at school- Bid you study German at the "nstitute- =. When did you come to work today- 5ou were on time* weren't you- Ha#e you e#er ,een late for work- When was itFluency /. Listen to the conversation and as& questions with these words: a& Een/cinemae& What/think of the film,& What/seef& George/ arisc& George/ aris in the 6!ringg& Een/ arisd& Whenh& the weather- George: Hullo* Een. Een: Hullo* George. George: Ha#e you 1ust ,een to the cinema- Een: 5es* " ha#e. George: What's on- Een: 3 aris in the 6!ring3. George: )h* "'#e already seen it. " saw it on a :.:.(. tele#ision !rogramme last year. "t's an old film* ,ut "t's #ery good. Een: aris is a ,eautiful city. George: " ha#e ne#er ,een there. Ha#e you e#er ,een there* Een47 Een: 5es* " ha#e. " was there in A!ril.

George: aris in the s!ring* ehEen: "t was s!ring ,ut the weather was awful. "t. rained all the time. George: 'ust like dear old 8ondon+ //. Role-play the conversation. ###. Situation: 5ou suggest to your friend going to the mo#ies* ,ut he has already seen the film you suggest. 5ou ask him some 2uestions a,out the film. #$. Listen to the conversation2 as& and answer questions2 role-play the conversation. eggy: Hullo* 'ohn. (ome in. Tom: Hullo* 'ohn. We're ha#ing lunch. Bo you want to ha#e lunch with us- 'ohn: 9o thank you* Tom. "'#e already had lunch. " had lunch at half !ast twel#e. eggy: Ha#e a cu! of coffee then. 'ohn: "'#e already had a cu!* thank you. " had one after my lunch. Tom: 8et's go into the li#ing/room* eggy. We can ha#e our coffee there. egg5: F>cuse the mess* 'ohn. This room's #ery untidy. We're !acking our suitcases. We're going to lea#e tomorrow. Tom and " are going to ha#e a holiday. 'ohn: Aren't you lucky+ Tom: When are you going to ha#e a holiday* 'ohn- 'ohn: " don't know. "'#e already had my holiday this year. egg5: Where did you go- 'ohn: " stayed at home+ $. Situation: 5our friend is in Minsk on ,usiness. He's staying at the Minsk hotel. 5ou are free today and can take him sightseeing. :ut it turns out that your friend has already seen most of the sights you wanted to show him. $#. Listen to the conversation2 learn it and ma&e conversations o your own on the same model: )ne of Be,orah's friends is asking her a,out all the holidays she has had and all the !laces she has ,een to. 3Ha#e you e#er ,een to Rome-3 35es* " ha#e. " was there in 0CAC.3 3Ha#e you e#er ,een to Me>ico (ity or to Rio-3 35es* "'#e ,een to all those !laces.3 4; 3)h- When were you in Me>ico (ity ... and when were you in Rio-3 Self check /. .ut the ver( into the correct orm: 0. 5ou $hear& a,out :o,- He $,reak& his leg..Really- How that $ha!!en&- 4. " 1ust $return& from 5alta.. 5ou $go& there alone- . Together with my son.. How long you $stay& there- . Three weeks. 7. 5our hair looks different. 5ou $ha#e& a haircut- . 5es. . 5ou $cut& it yourself- . 9o* Ann $cut& it for me. ;. 8ook+ 6ome,ody $s!ill& milk on the car!et.. Well* it $not* ,e& me.. " wonder who it $,e& then. <. 5ou $see& the film on tele#ision last night- =. My ,icycle isn't here any more. 6ome,ody $take& it. ?. " $not* eat& anything yesterday ,ecause " $not* feel& hungry. A. Why 'im $not* want& to !lay tennis last Jriday- . He $,e& ,usy on Jriday. C. :rian: Hello* 6usan. "s Alan here- 6usan: 9o* "'m afraid he $go& out. :rian: What a !ity+ When e>actly he $go& out- 6usan: A,out ten minutes ago. 0D. eter Atkins is talking to one of his girl/friends. 35ou $see& that film yet-3 35es* " .... " $see& it last week.3 3What you $think& of it-3 3" $not* like& it #ery much.3 00. Harry: " $go& to a new "ndian restaurant last night with Mary. 6te#e: To that new !lace in Marchmount 6treetHarry: 5es. 5ou e#er $,e& there6te#e: 9o* ,ut :ar,ara already $,e& there. 6he $lo#e& it. 6he says she ne#er $eat& such delicious "ndian food. What you $order&- Harry: " $ha#e& a !rawn curry and Mary $try& a Tandori chicken. They $,e& ,oth fantastic. 04. Mikis: " ne#er $,e& to (am,ridge. aul: )h* " $go& there last summer. " $do& a language course there. Mikis: 5ou e#er $,e& to )>ford- aul: 9o* ,ut a friend of mine $stay& there for a month two

years ago. He $en1oy& it #ery much. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. c ^TNOPQR ^_ UMWRS W dT[R_* ^O h UMS W ceO^TT. w[O UMSO [VT POQR ^RaRQ. 4. xQ_ ZOn ik_U^TN- c [OSmNO k[O O\[RWTS _PO aQ_\m. yQ_\m N[O/^TUiQm UMS- 7. dR[h iXSR W NT^O QWR kR\R ^RaRQ 4< T _s_ ^_ W_V^iSR\m ;. LTN[OV if_ eOkT^TS ZRP^T[OzO^- . `_[ _s_. <. . {M aRNRaRSR UTS_[M. `_[ _s_. . |Ok_Zi [M ^_ \Q_SRSR q[OPO Wk_VR. c \OW_VX_^^O aRUMSR OU q[OZ. =. . LM NOPQR/STUO UMWRST W rOSmXOZ [_R[V_/ lR. . p[O WM \ZO[V_ST. }~_U_QT^O_ Oa_VO. . LRZ eO^VRWTS\h URS_[. lR* ZiaMNR eV_NVR\^Rh* RN[_VM [R^_WRST W_STNOS_e^O. H 9 "T 4 T) "(: %#"I A&S TE'T( SU!!ER %#"I A&S IN EN)"AN Bear Mario* " was #ery glad to ha#e a letter from you and to know that you and your wife are kee!ing well and ,usy. "'m glad too that you are ,oth coming to Fngland again this summer. 5ou say you want a different kind of holiday this year. erha!s when you were here last year* " took you to see too many historic ,uildings and !laces. 5ou saw most of the !laces that tourists usually see. 6o this year you want a rest from sightseeing. 5ou don't want to come as tourists. 5ou want the kind of holiday that middle/class Fnglish !eo!le usually ha#e* not too e>!ensi#e* of course. 5ou want to meet Fnglish !eo!le who are on holiday and to ha#e !lenty of chances to make friends with them. " don't like crowds when "'m on holiday. " remem,er that when " was a small ,oy we . my ,rothers and sisters and " . always tried to get away from other !eo!le. We always had our holidays on the coast. 6ea and sunshine* that's what we looked forward to e#ery summer. We always went to a small fishing #illage on the Be#on coast. And if* when we got to the !lace where we usually ,athed* there were other !eo!le there* we sto!!ed and said* 3)h* we can't ,athe here today+ 6ome,ody's got here ,efore us+3 Today !eo!le seem to like crowds. 5ou say you wish to meet and make friends with as many !eo!le as !ossi,le* so " won't suggest a 2uiet fishing #illage. Hotels at the large seaside towns on the south coast are e>!ensi#e. 5ou say you want to come here in 'uly or August. Those are the two months when hotel rates are highest. 5ou'd soon make friends at a hotel* ,ut if you want to meet lots of Fnglish !eo!le* you might like to go to a holiday cam!. That 4= doesn't mean slee!ing and eating in tents. Holiday cam!s in Fngland are !ermanent ,uildings with e#ery modern con#enience and comfort. There are wooden ca,ins with good ,eds* electric light* running hot and cold water. There are large ,uildings . a dining/hall* a large hall for dancing $and good dance ,ands&* a cinema* a theatre* a ,ar* a cafe* rooms for games such as ,illiards. "n fact there is* in the cam!* e#erything you want. The cam! usually has its own swimming/!ool and tennis courts. There are usually lots of children in holiday cam!s. There are nurses to look after small children* so that the !arents can ,e free to amuse themsel#es. That's one reason why holiday cam!s are !o!ular with married cou!les who ha#e #ery young children. They not only get a holiday from work* ,ut also a holiday from the children. Here's another suggestion . a walking holiday. Walking holidays are much chea!er than the kind of holidays "'#e ,een telling you a,out. 5ou know something a,out the 5outh Hostels Association* "'m sure. "t's international. There are hostels all o#er Fngland now

where you can get a ,ed and a chea! meal. Mem,ers of the association can e#en take their own food to the hostels and cook it in the kitchen. They ha#e to hel! ,y swee!ing and cleaning the rooms* or washing u! after meals. :ut that's not a hardshi!* is it- A walking holiday de!ends for en1oyment u!on the weather* of course. " can't !romise you good weather+ Thank you for your #ery kind in#itation 0o #isit you and stay with you. "'m sorry " can't acce!t it this yearI we'#e already made our !lans. :ut ne>t year* !erha!s* if it's con#enient to you then. lease write and let me know if there's anything else you'd like to know. "'m always glad to hel! you My wife 1oins me in ,est wishes to you ,oth. 5ours sincerely* 'ohn Grant Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text -Summer 4olidays in "ngland- and answer the questions' Where are Mario and his wife going to s!end their holidays- Where did they s!end their holidays last year- What kind of holidays did they ha#e- What kind of holiday would they like this year- What is 'ohn's idea of a good holida#- What are holiday cam!s in Fngland like- Why are they con#enient for the !eo!le with children- What ser#ices does the 5outh Hostels Association !ro#ide4? //. Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities o/ the text. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. S+ecial ifficulties /. Report the ollowing suggestions: e.g. A: $ aul&: 6hall we start on Jriday- :: aul suggests starting on Jriday. 0. 6hall we !lay tennis- 4. 8et's re,uild the garage. 7. 6hall we hitch/hike- ;. Why not drink the local wine- <. 8et's go for a walk. =. 8et's take the dogs out. ?. Why don't we ,ring guitars and make our own music- A. 8et's clim, the mountain. C. Why don't we cook o#er an o!en f ire- 0D. 6hall we eat in restaurants- 00. 8et's carry the ,o>es u!stairs. 04. 8et's go on a motor/tour. 07. 6hall we slee! in 5outh Hostels- 0;. 8et's s!end the day on the ,each. 0<. 6hall we find out a,out !o! festi#als- 0=. 8et's !ick a!!les. 0?. 6hall we mo#e the !iano- 0A. 8et's swim across the ri#er. //. /a&e up dialogues using the ver( -suggest- gerund: e.g. . Why didn't you go to his flat. Well* Ann suggested going to his flat ,ut " didn't think it was necessary. Why didn't you ... 0. record this co#ersation 4. look at his !ass!ort 7. consult a lawyer ;. discuss it with me <. wait a few weeks =. check his figures ?. read the small !rint A. find out a,out his !re#ious work C. make some en2uiries a,out him 0D. take his !hotogra!h 00. follow him home 04. ,orrow a tent 07. see the manager 0<. tell your !arents 0=. !hone :ill ///. Respond to the ollowing using the ver( -o er-: e.g. A: eter !aid or me. / :: He offered to !ay for me too* ,ut " refused. eter... 0. !ainted my door 4. waited for me 7. lent me K< ;. found me a 1o, <. got me a seat =. showed me the way ?. washed my car A. hel!ed me C. carried my luggage 0D. saw me off 00. met my train 04. tuned my guitar 07. dro#e me home 0;. looked after my dog 0<. ty!ed my essay 0=. dug my garden 0? re!aired my washing machine 0A. fi>ed my TG #$. *ill in the gaps. !se either -suggest- or -o er-: 0. " ... him an interesting ,ook to read 4. He ... a #isit to the theatre. 7. We ... her our hel!. ;. Mike ... to carry my suitcase ,ut " said it wasn't hea#y <. He ... discussing the matter at our ne>t 4A

meeting. =. Bid he ... any money- ?. What shall we do on the weekend- . Well* what do you ...- A. " was #ery ,usy and Mary ... to ,uy a ticket for me. $. *ill in the gaps. !se the nouns -suggestion- or -o er-: 0. Bid you acce!t his ... of hel!- 4. Ha#e you any ... to make- 7. 5our ... seems interesting to me. ;. He offered me some money. " was sur!rised at his ... . <. " like your ... ,ut "'m not sure whether "'ll ,e a,le to 1oin you. $#. /a&e up short dialogues as shown in the example: e.g. A: When you get home you'll ,e a,le to ski* won't you- :: 5es* "'m looking forward to skiing. When you get home you'll ,e a,le to ...* won't you0. swim in the sea 4. skate 7. ride your horse again ;. meet your friends <. s!eak your own language again =. fish in the ri#er ?. ha#e a good holiday A. sun,athe C. get a good 1o, 0D. continue your uni#ersity course 00. start your training 04. go out without an um,rella 07. o!en a language school 0;. write a ,ook a,out your e>!eriences e.g. A: He wanted to go ,ut " said 39o3. :: :ut why didn't you let him goHe wanted to ... ,ut " said 39o3. 0. sto! 4. hel! 7. !ay ;. hitch/hike <. tell the truth =. lea#e early ?. dri#e home A. ,ring his !ass!ort C. decide for himself 0D. sail round the island 00. 1oin the clu, e.g. A: He ,ullies his sisters. :: :ut why do you let him ,ully his sisters. He ... 0. kicks his ,rother 4. shouts at his sisters 7. fights with the neigh,ours' children ;. answers ,ack <. diso,eys me =. ,reaks the furniture ?. misses school e#ery Monday A. watches TG all 6aturday C. !lays his stereo till 4 a.m. 0D. stays in ,ed all 6unday 00. talks with his mouth full 04. rides his ,icycle along the !a#ements 07. uses awful language $##. /a&e up sentences using the prompts: e.g. he/rich He seems to ,e rich. 0. she/know him 4. he/ha#e !lenty of money 7. she/like children ;. he/ afraid of smth <. she/dislike him = he/interested in art ?. you/tired A. she/sur!rised C. she/energetic $###. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. dRf_[\h* O^T a^Rb[ QViP QViPR. 4. ]^ eVOTaWOQT[ We_kR[/ 4C S_^T_ Ok_^m iZ^OPO k_SOW_NR. 7. c \ ^_[_Ve_^T_Z fQi W\[V_kT \ [OUOn. ;. `TNOSRn eV_QSOfTS Z^_ \WOb eRSR[Ni* ^O h O[NRaRS\h. <. c eV_QSOfTS O[eVRWT[m\h W eh[^Ti i[VOZ. oOT QViamh \OPSR\TST\m. =. yRW[VR h i_afRb W NOZR^QTVOWNi. `T^R eV_QSOfTSR eVT\ZO[V_[m aR ZOTZ \M^OZ. ?. PO eV_QSOf_^T_ eOZOkm iQTWTSO ^R\. A. g^h eV_QSOfTSR eVOW_\[T O[ei\N W cS[_. o^_ eO^VRWTSO\m __ eV_QSOf_^T_. Te,t E,ercises /. As& questions a(out a& holiday cam!s in FnglandI ,& the 5outh Hostels Association. //. Spea& on a& the way 'ohn Grant !refers to s!end his holidaysI ,& holiday cam!s and their con#eniencesI c& a walking holiday. ///. When did you last ha#e your holiday- Where and how did you s!end it- What kind of holiday do you !referConversation Practice %oli-ay Plans Mary: Ha#e you had your holiday for this year* 'ane- 'aneI 9ot yet. "'m taking it at the end of 6e!tem,er. Mary: Where are you going- Ha#e you made u! your mind- 'ane: 9ot really. " thought of going to 6!ain again* ,ut "'#e already ,een there twice and "'d like to try somewhere new. Mary: My ,rother's 1ust gone to Me>ico for two weeks. " had a card from him yesterday and he seems to ,e ha#ing a good time. Why don't you go there- 'ane: That's ]. d. for you well/off !eo!le* ,ut " couldn't !ossi,ly afford it. "'m much too hard u! at the moment. Mary: The air/fare is 2uite e>!ensi#e* " admit* ,ut you needn't s!end a lot when you get there. 'ane: "'#e already s!ent a lot of money this year. My flat was done u! last month* so " ha#en't got much to s!are for e>!ensi#e holidays a,road. Mary: )h* " see.

'ane: erha!s "'ll 1ust go to 6cotland or "reland in the end. "'#e heard they are ,oth #ery ,eautiful* and " ha#en't ,een to either of them. Mary: We went to "reland two years ago to !ay 'ill and her hus,and a #isit. They're in Bu,lin now. 'ane: )h* yes* so they are+ 7D Mary: "f you decide on "reland you can call in on them. 'ill would willingly !ut you u! for a few days* "'m sure. 'ane: That's a good idea+ " ha#en't seen 'ill for more than three years now and "'d like to know how she's getting on. /. Listen to the conversation -4oliday .lans- and answer the questions: When is 'ane taking her holiday- Has she made her !lans yet- Why can't she afford going a,road this year- Where might she s!end her holiday this year- What makes "reland a !ossi,le choice//. Read the conversation and analyse its language peculiarities. ###. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. #$. *ind in the text appropriate phrases or the ollowing: diQR [M _Q_Xm- {M if_ eVT^hSR V_X_^T_- c W aR[ViQ^T[_Sm^OZ ZR[_VTRSm^OZ eOSOf_^TT W ^R\[OhsTn ZOZ_^[. |OYOf_* O^ YOVOXO eVOWOQT[ WV_Zh. w[O YOVOXRh TQ_h. c ^_ WTQ_SR lfTS UOS__ [V_Y S_[* T Z^_ UM YO[_SO\m a^R[m* NRN O^R eOfTWR_[. [_Uh if_ UMS O[ei\N aR q[O[ POQ- oOn UVR[ [OSmNO k[O i_YRS W o_N\TNi ^R QW_ ^_Q_ST. \ST [M O\[R^OWTXm \WOn WMUOV ^R VSR^QTT* [M ZOf_Xm ^RW_\[T[m TY. c if_ UMSR W \eR^TT QWRfQM. c U_Vi O[ei\N W NO^_ \_^[hUVh. |Ok_Zi UM [_U_ ^_ eO_YR[m W o_N\TNi- OVOXO WRZ* \O\[Oh[_Sm^MZ SbQhZ. c if_ eO[VR[TSR Z^OPO Q_^_P W q[OZ POQi. oM _aQTST W VSR^QTb QWR POQR ^RaRQ ^RW_\[T[m lfTS T __ ZifR. c iW_V_^R* lfTS OYO[^O eVT^hSR UM [_Uh ^R ^_\NOSmNO Q^_n. L eVOXSOZ Z_\h_ W ZO_n NWRV[TV_ UMS V_ZO^[. $. As& questions on the conversation. $#. Role-play the conversation. $##. Situation: 5our friend and you are making !lans for the coming holidays. After the %oli-ays eter: "t's nice to see you* Helen. How are youHelen: Good morning* eter. Ho!e you are well. Ha#en't seen you for ages. Where ha#e you ,een all this time- eter: "'#e 1ust arri#ed from :righton. " s!ent my holidays at the seaside. Ha#e you e#er ,een there70 Helen: 5es* " was there last year. "t's a nice !lace* isn't it- " ho!e you en1oyed yourself greatly. eter: )h* yes. " had a #ery nice time. The weather was fine. " swam much* lay in the sun and made a lot of friends. Helen: Bid you go to :righton alone- eter: 9o* together with my cousin Bick. 5ou remem,er him* don't youHelen: 6ure. Has he finished school yet- eter: 5es* he is a student at )>ford Hni#ersity. And how are you getting on- " ha#en't heard from you lately. Helen: "'m 2uite all right* thank you. (ome and see me some day* will youeter: "'d ,e delighted. Good/,ye. Helen: 6ee you soon. :ye. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the ollowing questions: Where did eter s!end his holidays- Bid he ha#e a good time in :righton- Was he there alone- How is Helen getting on//. Read the conversation and analyse its language peculiarities. ###. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. #$. *ind in the text appropriate phrases or the ollowing: c [OSmNO k[O eVT_YRS Ta rVRn[O^R. dRN eOfTWR_Xm- c Ok_^m YOVOXO eVOW_S WV_Zh. j[O S_[ [_Uh ^_ WTQ_SR. xQ_ [M eVOeRQRS W\_ q[O WV_Zh- ]^

if_ NO^kTS XNOSi- |O\S_Q^__ WV_Zh h ^_ eOSikRS O[ [_Uh ^TNRNTY TaW_\[Tn. yRYOQT NO Z^_ ^R Q^hY. {M NOPQR/STUO UMWRSR W rVRn[O^_- j iQOWOSm\[WT_Z. RQ [_Uh WTQ_[m. lO \NOVOn W\[V_kT. {M W_Qm eOZ^TXm _PO- dO^_k^O. v $. 8ive synonymous expressions rom the text: "'m glad to see you. How are you kee!ing- (ertainly. "'d lo#e to. How a,out coming to see me one of these days- "'m fine* thank you. " ho!e you had a good time. $#. Act out the conversation. $##. Situation: 5ou meet a friend of yours. He says he has 1ust returned from Moscow. "t was his first tri! there. He's full of im!ressions. "istenin. Ann )oes to Italy Ann is a student at 8ondon Hni#ersity. 6he studies "talian. 8ast summer she flew to "taly. 6he toured "taly ,y coach. 6he saw a lot of interesting !laces. 6he ate s!aghetti in Rome* drank coffee in Genice and took a lot of !hotogra!hs. The sun shone e#ery day. 6he lay in the sun and swam a lot. 6he stayed in "taly for a month. 6he wrote !ostcards to all her friends and relati#es. 6he met a lot of interesting !eo!le in "taly. 6he ,ought a lot of "talian !o! records and ,rought them ,ack to Fngland. /. Listen to the text -Ann 8oes to #taly-. As& and answer questions on the text. ##. 1ell a(out Ann's trip to #taly. ###. Situation: 5our friend has 1ust come ,ack from his holiday. 5ou are asking him a,out it. .rompts: where/s!end- how long/stay there- go alone- how/ tra#el- the weather/finewhere/meals- what/do in the e#enings- meet any interesting !eo!le- ,uy anythingha#e a good time- when/come ,ack#$. 1ell a(out a holiday you en)oyed. I Thou.ht It /as a Shark 8ast year my friend Ro,ert went to a small seaside town for a week's holiday. Ro,ert usually takes his holiday in 'une ,ut last year he took it in August. He didn't take many clothes with him . only a few shirts* a !air of shorts and his swimming/costume. He went from 8ondon to the sea town ,y train and the 1ourney took three hours. Ro,ert likes tra#elling ,y train. He stayed at a small hotel near the ,each. F#ery morning ,efore ,reakfast he ran down to the sea and had a 2uick swim. 6ometimes he took a ,oat and went fishing for the day. )nce he 1um!ed into the water when a ,ig cra, ,it him. He 1um!ed u! and shouted for hel!. eo!le ran from the ,each into the water to hel! him. They thought he was dead. The hotel . kee!er ran down to the ,each too. He thought someone was drowning. "n a #ery short time there were a,out fifty or si>ty !eo!le. They were standing round Ro,ert. They all wanted to know what 77 was going on. Ro,ert ,ecame red in the face. He thought a shark was going to eat him. :ut it was only a cra,. /. Listen to the text2 as& and answer questions on the text. ##. 1ell a(out Ro(ert's holiday last year. Rea-in. %oli-ays eo!le ha#e more money and more leasure nowadays and e#en young !eo!le can afford to go a,road. Many tra#el agents offer chea! cut/!rice tickets for flights to all !arts of the world* so the youngsters can a#oid the crowded* well/known !laces and get to less famous areas which are off the ,eaten track. "nstead of using !u,lic trans!ort and hotels they can tra#el ,y hitch/hiking and stay at youth hostels. :ut most !eo!le !refer some kind of !ackage holiday at a !o!ular holiday resort* which means that e#erything is arranged for you and the !rice you !ay includes trans!ort* food and accomodation. Try to a#oid taking your holiday during the ,usy !eak tourist season. "t's more crowded and e>!ensi#e. "f !ossi,le go in the 2uieter off/!eak !eriod. Self check /. !se the proper tense' orms. A. Mr :rown: " say what you and you sister $,e

going& to do for your holiday this yearMr Ro,inson: Well* " $not* know&* "'d like to take my sister a,road* ,ut then she can't lea#e her children. What you $do&Mr :rown: We $go& to the sea. Mr Ro,inson: Where you $go& as a rule- Mr :rown: We $try& many seaside !laces on the east and south coastsI on the whole* " think we $!refer& the south. Mr Ro,inson: 5ou $take& rooms or $stay& at a hotel- Mr :rown: This year we $take& a furnished house. Why don't you 1oin us- "t $,e& great fun. Mr Ro,inson: " think it $,e& a good idea. " $talk& it o#er with my sister and see what she $think& a,out it. :. ostcards always $s!oil& my holidays. 8ast summer " $go& to "taly. " $#isit& museums and $sit& in !u,lic gardens. A friendly waiter $teach& me a few words of "talian. Then he $lend& me a ,ook. " $read& a few lines ,ut " $not* understand& 01 a word. F#ery day " $think& a,out !ostcards. My holidays $!ass& #ery 2uickly* ,ut " $not* send& any !ostcards to my friends. )n the last day " $make& a ,ig decision. 0 $get& u! early and $,uy& thirty/se#en cards. " $s!end& the whole day in my room ,ut " $not* write& a single card. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: . |VTW_[* g^QV_n+ RQ [_Uh WTQ_[m. . yQVRW\[Win* LTN[OV+ `_ WTQ_S [_Uh _Sib W_k^O\[m xQ_ [M eVOeRQRS. LTQTXm ST* h [OSmNO k[O W_V^iS\h Ta g^PSTT. {M NOPQR/STUO [RZ UMWRS. d \OfRS_^Tb* ^_[. `O h \OUTVRb\m eO_YR[m [iQR W \S_Qibs_Z POQi. {M QOWOS_^ \WO_n eO_aQNOn. dO^_k^O. ~O^QO^ OQT^ Ta NVR\TW_nXTY POVOQOW* NO[OVM_ h NOPQR/STUO WTQ_S. c eVOUMS [RZ QW_ ^_Q_ST T eV_NVR\^O eVOW_S WV_Zh. |VTYOQT NO Z^_ ^R Q^hY. c eONRfi [_U_ \WOT zO[OPVRzTT. . OVOXO. lO \NOVOn W\[V_kT. Fluency /. 1al&ing points: 0. What is your idea of a good holiday4 6!eak in fa#our or against s!ending a holiday in a 2uiet fishing #illage. 7. What are the ad#antages and disad#antages of going on a guided tour;. What do you think of a walking holiday- Bo you find it en1oya,le<. Why do you think tourism is ,ecoming more and more !o!ular=. eo!le talk a,out some !laces as ,eing 3ty!ical tourist s!ots3. What do you think they mean ,y the !hrase?. Bo you like to s!end your holidays at the seaside- Which do you !refer: the :altic resorts or the :lack 6ea resorts- WhyA. Biscuss some ways of s!ending a holiday. //. Role play: 0. A family are discussing where they will go for their summer holidays. F#en though their tastes are #ery different they want to go on holiday together and see if there's a way of reconciling the different ideas they ha#e a,out what holidays should ,e. 4.5our friend and you ha#e 1ust returned from your summer holidays. At the moment you are sharing your im!ressions. 02 3riting 9. Write a !ostcard home to a friend. 6ay where you are and what you are doing 6ay something a,out your !lans for the ne>t days and when you are arri#ing ,ack home.

Ask your friend to meet you at the station. Bo it Hke this: Bear aul+ We are really en1oying 8ondon. We are staying at the Georgian Hotel and we like it #ery much. We're going to stay in 8ondon till ne>t Jriday. Then we're going to :righton. $"'ll send you a card from there&. 8ondon is a #ery ,eautiful city. We're en1oying the museums* the !arks* the sho!s and the theatres. 5esterday morning we went to Harridge's. "t's a wonderful de!artment store. " ,ought a !air of shoes and 'im ,ought two shirts. 5esterday afternoon we went to the :ritish Museum. There's an e>hi,ition of old ,ooks there at the moment "n the e#ening we went to the 9ational Theatre and saw 3Mac,eth3. We had #ery good seats and en1oyed the !erformance. This morning we #isited some friends in Haling. We went there ,y underground . it's a #ery fast ser#ice. At the moment we're ,ack at the hotel and we're so tired+ 5ours sincerely* Roger //. Bescri,e the most memora,le holiday you'#e e#er had. ///. Write a,out your !lans for the coming holiday. #$. Write a,out a holiday you s!ent at the seaside. $. Bescri,e your sightseeing in a town of s!ecial historical interest. $#. Write a,out different ways of s!ending a holiday. UNIT0 GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT C#NTINU#US( PRESENT PERFECT (3) Illustrative Situations /. Study these example situations: 0. Br (antor is a heart surgeon. He is o!erating now. He ,egan at A this morning and it is now ; o'clock. He has ,een o!erating for A hours. He has ,een o!erating since A o'clock. 4. . Where's 'ack. He is reading something in the li,rary. He's ,een reading the whole day. 7= 7. . How long ha#e you ,een studying German. Jor two years ;. . 6ince when ha#e you ,een !re!aring for your e>am* eter. 6ince 'une. <. . "s it raining. 9o* it isn't ,ut the ground is wet. "t has ,een raining. =. 5ou are out of ,reath. Ha#e you ,een running?. 'ane hasn't come home yet. 6he's ,een in the li,rary since C o'clock. $6he's still there.& A. The students ha#e 1ust left. They ha#e ,een here for two hours. $They are no longer here.& C. " ha#en't worn this dress since March* $from March till now& 0D. We ha#en't seen 'ohn since he got married. $Jrom that day to this& 00. " ha#e li#ed in Minsk all rny life. %/ " was ,orn here* " li#e here now. 04. . :y the way* how long ha#e you known Mr Morgan. Jor ten years. 07. My ,rother has worked in Greece for the last three years. $He is still there& x;. . 6ince when has he ,een a,sent. 6ince Jriday. //. Listen to the dialogues and learn them. 0. . "t's ten years since we last saw each other. What ha#e you ,een doing all this time. )h* "'#e got married. "'#e ,ought a house. "'#e changed my 1o, twice. . " see. 5ou ha#en't ,een wasting your time. 4. . "'m rather hard u!. . How long ha#e you ,een smoking cigarettes. Jor 4D years. . uite an old ha,it.

7. . Ha#e you finished reading your ,ook yet. "'#e ,een reading it for weeks* ,ut " ha#en't finished it yet. . When are you going to finish it. )h* !ro,a,ly ne>t month. ;. . What's :ill doing at the moment. He's reading a ,ook. . How long has he ,een reading it. Jor fi#e hours. <. . What are you doing here. "'m waiting for Flsie . Waiting for Flsie. 5es* "'#e ,een waiting for her since < o'clock. 7? . )h* ,ut she has gone to the !ictures. =. . Ha#e you ,een #ery ,usy lately. 5es* " ha#e. F>tremely ,usy. . Ha#e you ,een working on your !a!er. 9o* " ha#en't. "'#e ,een !re!aring for a seminar. ?. . 5ou look tired* Alec. What ha#e you ,een doing. "'#e ,een working in the garden. . 5ou must ha#e a good rest. A. am: Fric+ (all the waiter again' Fric: "'#e ,een trying to call him. am: Fric+ We'#e ,een sitting here for twenty minutes ... and "'m not going to wait any longer+ Fric: "'m sorry* dear ... ,ut he's talking to that girl. am: 5es* he's ,een talking to her since we came in. Fric: Waiter+ Waiter: 5es* sir ... Bo you want the ,ill- Fric: The ,ill+ We ha#en't seen the menu yet. C. Mr/ :aker: Hello* Mrs arker ... are you waiting to see Boctor 6a#ageMrs arker: Hello* Mrs :aker. 5es* " am. Mrs :aker: How long ha#e you ,een waitingMrs arker: "'#e ,een waiting since nine o'clock. Mrs :aker: Ah* you ha#en't ,een waiting long. "t's only ten !ast nine now. Mrs arker: 9o* no* " ha#en't. "'#e ,een reading this maga@ine. "t's #ery interesting. There's an article a,out o!erations. 0D. Biane: Hello* 'udy. 5ou'#e ,een sitting here for an hour' Where's your hus,and- 'udy: )h* he's dancing with Mrs Winston Biane: )h* yes ... he's dancing #ery well. Has he ,een dancing all e#ening- 'udy: 5es* he has... ,ut he hasn't ,een dancing with me. 00. 'enny: "'#e ,een looking for you. How long ha#e you ,een watching TGaul: "'#e ,een sitting here for more than an hour. 'enny: " was lucky to find you here. " want to talk to you. ///. Listen to the texts and answer the questions: Mr 'enkins is in the ,oss's office now. The last time he got a rise was two years ago. He wants another one. The ,oss is asking 2uestions like this: 3How long ha#e you ,een with us now-3 3How long ha#e you had the same 1o,-3 3How long ha#e you ,een earning the same money-3 Questions: Where is Mr 'enkins now- When did he last get a rise- What does he wantWhat 2uestions is the ,oss asking him)ne of Tony's friends* aul* used to ,e a teacher. He did not earn a #ery good salary then. Three years ago he got another 1o, in industry and immediately got a #ery good salary. He has a #ery good 1o, now. He has ,een in industry for three years now. He has had a good 1o, for three years and has ,een earning a good salary all that time. Questions: What did aul do three years ago- Why did he change his 1o,- How long has he ,een in industry- Has he ,een earning a good salary all that time-

Tom's ,rother* eter* has ,een ,ack in Fngland for only half an hour. He is waiting to !hone Tom* ,ut the woman got to the !hone ,o> 1ust a few seconds ,efore he did. That was ten minutes ago. 6he has ,een talking for ten minutes and eter has ,een waiting that long too. Questions: How long has eter ,een ,ack in Fngland- What is he doing at the momentWhen did the woman get to the !hone ,o>- How long has eter ,een waitingPractice /. Say how long the action has (een going on: e.g. Ann is looking for a 1o,. 6he ,egan looking for a 1o, si> months ago. Ann has ,een looking for a 1o, for = months. 0. 'ane is writing letters. 6he ,egan writing letters an hour ago. 4. George smokes. He started smoking fi#e years ago. 7. Helen studies Jrench. 6he ,egan studying Jrench eight months ago. ;. The ,oys are !laying foot,all. They started !laying foot,all two hours ago. <. "t is raining. "t ,egan raining three hours ago. =. Helen is !re!aring for her e>am. 6he ,egan !re!aring for it two weeks ago. e.g. 8ucy ,egan ty!ing at C o'clock. 6he is still ty!ing. 8ucy has ,een ty!ing since C o'clock. 0. Bick started reading that ,ook on Jriday. He's still reading it. 4. Helen ,egan translating the te>t at 0D o'clock. 6he's still translating it. 7. They ,egan to discuss the !lan at 04 o'clock. They are still discussing it. ;. Bick ,egan to watch TG at =. He's still watching it. <. Mr 6mith ,egan to work for this com!any last year. He's still working for the com!any. =. They ,egan to talk at 04. They are still talking. //. Answer the questions. !se -since- or - or-: e.g. . "s 'ohn still slee!ing- $hours& 7C . 5es* he's ,een slee!ing for hours* e.g. . "s Mary still ty!ing- $two o'clock& . 5es* she's ,een ty!ing since two o'clock. 0* "s Bick still waiting for 8ucy- $more than an hour& 4. "s 6usan still !laying tennis$ten o'clock& 7. Are they still sitting in the garden- $lunchtime& ;. "s :ill still trying to learn 'a!anese- $ten years& <. Are you still li#ing in 8ondon- $three years now& =. Are you still smoking those Jrench cigarettes- $a cou!le of months& ?. Are you still waiting to see the ,oss- $ages& A. Are they still discussing the !ro1ect- $nine o'clock& C. "s Mrs 6mith still teaching Fnglish- $thirty years& 0D. Are Helen and Alice still sho!!ing$morning& 00. Are you still looking for your glasses- $half an hour&. 04. Are you still working for the same com!any- $" left school& 07. "s :ill still swimming- $an hour already& ///. 8ive additional in ormation: e.g. Mike is ill. $for a week& He has ,een ill for a week. 0. My ,rother is married* $for two years& 4. " know 6te#e :a>ter* $since " was a child& 7. 9ick is a,sent* $for a week& ;. 'ack li#es in :isho!ton. $since he was ,orn& <. Helen is in the li,rary* $all day long& =. Mr Morgan is away* $for two months& ?. :ill is unem!loyed* $since A!ril& A. Ann has a ,ad cold* $for the last few days& C. My cousin is in the army* $since he was 0A& 0D. The sho! is o!en* $since A o'clock& 00. The :a>ters are at the seaside* $the whole month& #$. Answer the questions using the words in (rac&ets: e.g. . When did you last smoke- $for two years& . " ha#en't smoked for two years. 0. When did it last rain- $for ages& 4. When did they last #isit you- $since 'une& 7. When did you last !lay tennis- $for a long time&. ;. When did you last dri#e- $for si> months& <. When did she last write to you- $since last summer& =. When did you last eat ca#iar$ne#er& ?. When did you last hear from George- $for ages& A. When did you last go to the theatre- $for months& C. When did you last see :o,- $since Je,ruary& 0D. When did you last go to 6!ain- $ne#er& $. ,omplete with - or- or -since-: e.g. 8et's #isit Aunt Fmily. $(hristmas& We ha#en't #isited her since (hristmas. 0. 8et's in#ite Harry and 'ane to dinner. $March& 4. 8et's !lay cards with the Eents. $weeks& 7. 8et's cook a !i@@a. $6ally and 'ack were here& ;. 8et's walk round Hyde ark*

$years& <. 8et's ;D watch TG. $last Jriday& =. 8et's hear an o!era* $months& ?. 8et's !hone 'eff and am. $two weeks& e.g. "'m going to clean the car $three weeks& " ha#en't cleaned it for three weeks. 0. "'m going to wash the windows* $fi#e weeks& 4. "'m going to make a cake* $your ,irthday& 7. "'m going to clean my shoes. $Tuesday& ;. "'m going to cook a !udding* $last week& <. "'m going to !aint the ,athroom* $three years& =. "'m going to water the flowers* $three days& ?. "'m going to ,uy a suit* $two years& A. "'m going to iron* $last Jriday& C. "'m going to wash the curtains* $your !arents stayed with us& 0D. "'m going to write to Hncle 'ack* $months& 00. "'m going to dust the ,ookshel#es* $last month& $#. 8ive additional in ormation: e.g. Ann is #ery tired* $work hard& 6he has ,een working hard. 0. :o, has a ,lack eye and :ill has a cut li!. $fight& 4. George has 1ust come from the ,each* $lie in the sun& 7. The streets are wet. $rain& ;. Her eyes are red. $cry& <. My father has 1ust come home* $fish all day long& =. Mike is ha#ing su!!er* $skate the whole e#ening& ?. 'ane is hot and tired* $!lay tennis& $##. As& questions: e.g. 5our friend's hands are co#ered in oil. $you/work on the car& Ha#e you ,een working on the car0. 5ou ha#e 1ust arri#ed to meet your friend who is waiting for you. $you/wait long& 4. 5our sister has come home and ,rought a new ,louse* $you/sho!& 7. 5our friend comes in. His face and hands are #ery dirty* $what/you/do& ;. 5our sister is out of ,reath* $you/run& <. 5ou see a little ,oy. His eyes are red and watery* $you/cry& e.g. "'m looking for a 1o,. How long ha#e you ,een looking for a 1o,0. "'m waiting for eter. 4. 6he does two 1o,s. 7. " am learning Greek. ;. They are tra#elling a,out Furo!e. <. My ,rother is fishing. =. 'ack is a 1ournalist. He writes for 3Washington ost3. ?. 'ohn is a ,usiness man in Madrid. He e>!orts 6!anish anti2ues* e.g. "t is raining. 6ince when has it ,een raining0. "t is snowing. 4. They are writing a test !a!er. 7. Mrs 'ohnson is a teacher. 6he teaches art ;. 'ill is a student. 6he studies Jrench. <. 'ane is working in the la,oratory. =. Mike collects stam!s. ?. "'m still !acking. A. 6he is taking her e>ams. ;0 $###. Say how long the action has (een in progress: :: : e.g. :ill arks is in his lorry. He got into it at C and it's 04 now. He has $he's& ,een in his lorry for 7 hours. He has ,een dri#ing for 7 hours. 0. 6am went into the li,rary 4 hours ago and got a ,ook called 3Great 'okes3. He is still there. 4. Tony caught a ,ad cold 4 weeks ago. He immediately went to ,ed. He is still there. He coughs a lot. 7. 'ane came into the office at C. "t is 00 now. 6he is working. ;. eter and Mary walked onto the station !latform half an hour ago. They are waiting for a train. <. The heart surgeon went into the o!erating theatre A hours ago. He is still there. =. Fric and all the other students are in the lecture hall. They are doing a test. "t started 4 hours ago. #+. /a&e up short dialogues using the prompts: e.g. you/married . How long ha#e you ,een married. Jor twenty years* e.g. 'eff/in "taly . 6ince when has 'eff ,een in "taly. 6ince last autumn. 0. Ann/on holiday 4. Bick/ha#e a car 7. you/know 6te#e :a>ter ;. Mary/ha#e flue <. Mr 6mith/,e away ?. you/ha#e this 1o,. A. :o,/study 6!anish. C. Jred/in Washington 0D. Alec/li#e in Moscow 00. Eate/,e a,sent 04. :etsy/at the seaside. +. ,hange the sentences. %o it as in the example: e.g. " was at school with 'im.

" ha#e not seen 'im since " was at school with him. 0. George talked to 'im on Wednesday. 4. 'udy #isited 'im in 6cotland. 7. The Hunts had to meet 'im at the air!ort. ;. 6heila studied Jrench with 'im. <. We forgot to in#ite 'im to the !arty. =. " left 'im at the hotel. ?. am !layed tennis with 'im* /. Answer the questions: 0. 6ince when ha#en't you seen your friend- 4. Ha#e long ha#e you known your ,est friend- 7. 6ince when ha#en't you heard from your relati#es- ;. 6ince when ha#e you li#ed in Minsk- <. How long ha#e you ,een married- = 6ince when ha#en't you #isited the museums in Minsk- ?. 6ince when ha#en't you ,een at the cinema- A. 6ince when ha#en't you ,een in Moscow- C. 6ince when ha#e you had your car- C. How long ha#e you worked for your firm;4 . +##. Respond to the # allowing statements: 3S e.g Ba#id hasn't heard the news. $Roger& " wonder whether Roger has heard the news. 0. eter has seen the film. $'ohn& 4. 'ack has written to her. $Ann& 7. 8ucy has !assed the e>am. $:etty& ;. Mike has ne#er ,een a,road. $Gictor& < 6te#e hasn't got today's news!a!er. $6arn& =. Mary hasn't done the e>ercise. $:o,& ?. 9ick hasn't ,rought his records. $Helen& A. 'im hasn't ,ought a car yet. $6te#e& e.g 6ue is a,sent. " wonder how long she has ,een a,sent. 0. Eate is ill. 4. Bick is in (hina. 7. Bick knows Helen. ;. 'ohnny is swimming. <. Eitty is lying in the sun. =. Mary is slee!ing. ?. aul and Roger are !laying chess. A. 6am is waiting for you. Fluency /. Listen to the conversations2 as& and answer questions2 role-play the conversations. 0. 'ill: "'m going to wash the windows. " ha#en't washed them for two months. 6te#e: And "'m going to clean the car. " ha#en't cleaned it since your ,irthday. 'ill: "'d like go to the theatre this weekend. We ha#en't ,een to the theatre since 3Hamlet3. 6te#e: And would you like to go to a disco on 6aturdayWe ha#en't ,een to a disco since 9ew 5ear. 'ill: 9o* " don't want to go to a disco. "'d !refer to go to the cinema. :ut at the moment " want to do the housework. Would you like to hel! me- 6te#e: 9ot really. "'d like a drink. Questions: What is 'ill going to do today- How long hasn't she washed the windowsAnd what is 6te#e going to do- 6ince when hasn't he cleaned his car- 6ince when ha#en't the :a>ters ,een to the theatre- Boes 'ill want to go to a disco- What is she going to do now- 4. Boctor: What is the !ro,lem* Mr 'onesMr 'ones: Well* for the last three days "'#e had a !ain at the ,ottom of my ,ack. "t ,egins here and goes down into my leg. Boctor: How long ha#e you had it in your leg- Mr 'ones: 6ince last Jriday* " think. Boctor: Ha#e you lifted anything #ery hea#y or taken any unusual e>ercises;7 Mr 'ones: " don't think so. "'#e !layed tennis e#ery week for years. "'#e ne#er had any !ro,lems ,efore. 7. 'udith: 5ou'#e ,een reading that news!a!er for the last hour. " hate when you read it at ,reakfast. eter: 5es* and you'#e ,een watching me the whole time. And you know it's a #ery im!ortant time of the day for me. " need to rela> ,efore " ,egin the day's work. 'udith: )h* ,ut think of me. "'#e ,een leading the ,ack of your morning news!a!er for ten years now and "'d like someone to talk to+ ;. Mother: What on earth ha#e you ,een doing- 5ou are co#e/ red in ink. 5our clothes are ruined. 8ittle ,oy: We'#e ,een !laying (ow,oys ard "ndians. Mother: 5ou mean you'#e ,een throwing ink around. What's ink got to do with cow,oys- 8ittle ,oy: Well* "'#e ,een !laying with a water !istol and

my ammunition was ink. //. Listen to the text. As& and answer questions on the text. Retell the text. " ha#e 1ust recei#ed a letter from my ,rother Tim. He's in Australia. He has ,een there for si> months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a ,ig firm and he has already #isited a great num,er of different !laces in Australia. He has 1ust ,ought an Australian car and has gone to Alice 6!rings* a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon #isit Barwin. Jrom there he will fly to erth. My ,rother has ne#er ,een a,road ,efore* so he is finding this tri! #ery e>citing. Self check /. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. LTN[OV [OSmNO k[O W_V^iS\h Ta ~O^QO^R. c ^_ WTQ_S _PO \ eVOXSOPO POQR. 4. jNOSmNO WV_Z_^T [M f_^R[- . {VT POQR. 7. {M NOPQR/^TUiQm kT[RS R^PSTn\NT_ N^TPT W OVTPT^RS_- . `_[. c TkikRb R^PSTn\NTn haMN [OSmNO eOSPOQR. ;. xQ_ [M UMS' c fQi [_Uh \ eh[T kR\OW. <. p_Z [M \_nkR\ aR^TZR_Xm\h- . c if_ QWR kR\R e_kR[Rb. =. c QRW^O ^_ WTfi [WOb \_\[Vi.. ]^R if_ _SMn Z_\h ^RYOQT[\h W dVMZi. ?. d[O WahS ZOn \SOWRVm- c if_ eOSkR\R Tsi _PO. A. c i\[RS. _SMn Q_^m h VRUO[RS W \RQi C jNOSmNO WV_Z_^T [M PO[OWTXm\h N qNaRZ_^RZ- . f_ Z_\h. 0D. OU_V[R ^_[ \_POQ^h ^R aR^h[ThY ]^ if_ QW_ ^_Q_ST UOS__[. 00. dRN QRW^O [M aR^TZR_Xm\h NOSS_NTO^TVOWR^T_Z ZRVON- l_\h[m S_[. 04 p_Z [M aR^TZRS\h W\_ q[O WV_Zh- . jZO[V_S [_S_WTaOV. 07. {M QRW^O aQ_\m \TQTXm- . j Q_\h[T kR\OW. 0;. oOn ;; UVR[ W oO\NW_. ]^ ^_ eTX_[ Z^_ if_ _SMn Z_\h. 0<. c ^_ W\[V_kRb |RWSR \ [_Y eOV* NRN ZM \QRST eO\S_Q^Tn qNaRZ_^. 0=. j[iQ_^[M [OSmNO k[O iXST. ]^T ^RYOQTST\m aQ_\m W_\m Q_^m. PRESENT PERFECT C#NTINU#US AN PRESENT PERFECT C#!PARE /. Study these example situations: 0. Ann's clothes an co#ered in !aint 6he has ,een !ainting the ceiling. $We are interested in the action.& 4. The ceiling was white. 9ow it's ,lue. 6he has !ainted the ceiling. $We are interested in the result* not the action & 7. Tom's hands are #ery dirty. He has ,een re!airing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has re!aired it. ;. 5ou'#e ,een smoking too much recently. 5ou should smoke less. 6ome,ody has smoked all my cigarettes. The !acket is em!ty. <. Ann has ,een writing letters all day. 6he has written ten letters today. //. Listen to the conversations and learn them: 0. :ank Manager: (ome in. 5ou're Mr (arson* aren't you- lease sit down. Mr (arson: Thank you. :ank Manager: What can " do for you* Mr (arson- Mr (arson: Well* " want to ,orrow some money. :ank Manager: What for- Mr (arson: " want to ,uy a car. "'#e ,een sa#ing for two years. :ank Manager: Ah* how much ha#e you sa#ed- Mr (arson: "'#e sa#ed a,out two thousand !ounds. 4. 'udith: What are you readingMaureen: 3The Godfather3. "t's a,out Mafia in America. 'ohn told me to read it. 'udith: "t's a #ery long ,ook. Maureen: " know. "'#e ,een reading it for a month* and " ha#en't finished it yet+ 'udith: How many !ages ha#e you read- Maureen/ A,out ;DD. " don't like long ,ooks. 'udith: 9either do ". 7. Earen: Hello* 'enny. Are you still working- "t's time for lunch. 'enny: " know. :ut " ha#en't finished these letters yet. They're im!ortant. Mr ower

wants them this afternoon. Earen: How long ha#e you ,een ty!ing;< 'enny: 6ince nine o'clock. " didn't sto! for coffee. Earen: How many ha#e you done- 'enny: Most of them. There are only two left. Earen: Well* do them after lunch. 'enny: 9o. "'ll do them now. Earen. ]. d. 6ee you this afternoon. ;. Attendant: etrol* sirMotorist: lease ... fill it u!. Attendant: Which gradeMotorist: Jour star. "t's nearly em!ty. "'#e ,een dri#ing all day. Attendant: )h* how far ha#e you dri#en- Motorist: A,out ;DD miles. "'#e dri#en from 6cotland. Attendant: )h* that's a long way. 6hall " check the oil and water- Motorist: lease ///. Listen to the texts and answer the questions: 0. eter came ,ack to Fngland a month ago. He has ,een staying with Tom and 6usan since then. He has ,een looking for a 1o, for a month ,ut has not found one yet. 36ome em!loyers don't like !eo!le with long hair3. Tom says. 3 erha!s you'd ,etter get a haircut+3 Questions: When did eter come ,ack to Fngland- How long has he ,een staying with Tom and 6usan- How long has he ,een looking for a 1o,- Has he found one yet4. 'ulia is going to meet her ,oyfriend. 6he has ,een waiting for the ,us for some time ,ut it has not come yet. 6he is going to ,e late again if it does not come soon. A ta>i has 1ust come round the corner. erha!s she had ,etter take it. Questions: What is 'ulia going to do- What is she doing now- How long- What is going to ha!!en if the ,us does not come soon- What has 1ust ha!!ened- What had she ,etter doractice /. ,omplete the situations. %o it as in the example: e.g. Tom is reading a ,ook. He started reading two hours ago and he is on !age <7. He has ,een reading for two hours. He has read <7 !ages so far. ". (a!tain Hay is a 3million/mile3 !ilot. He started flying 4D years ago. 4. "t is a 7/mile walk from :o,'s house to the city/centre He started an hour ago and he has 1ust reached it. ;= 7. 8aura started the washing/machine u! an hour ago. There are now 7D clean shirts in the ,asket. ;. 5ou are 1ust finishing the < th and last !age of homework. 5ou sat down at the writing/desk 4 hours ago. <. The tourist came into the old town an hour ago. He is lea#ing now with =D new !hotogra!hs. =. The ty!ist started an hour ago. 6i> letters are ready now. ?. :ill is smoking. When he started smoking there were 4D cigarettes in the !acket He's smoking his last cigarette. //. As& questions: e.g. . "'#e ,een !icking !ears. . How many ha#e you !ickede.g. . He's ,een making a lot of money. . How much has he made0. "'#e ,een !lanting a!!le trees. 4. "'#e ,een making cakes. 7. He's ,een writing letters. ;. "'#e ,een sa#ing money. <. "'#e ,een ironing shirts. =. Ann's ,een losing weight. ?. 6ue has ,een washing ,lankets. A. He's ,een selling tea. C. He's ,een collecting stam!s. 0D. "'#e ,een cutting sandwiches. 00. Mary's ,een sending out in#itations. 04. "'#e ,een taking !hotogra!hs. ///. /a&e up sentences using the prompts: e.g.: "'#e ,een ... for ...* ,ut " ha#en't... yet. since a& .rompt: 1o,/three weeks

Response: "'#e ,een looking for a 1o, for three weeks* ,ut " ha#en't found one yet. ,& .rompt: the ,us/C o'clock Response: "'#e ,een waiting for the ,us since C o'clock* ,ut it hasn't come yet. 0. my homework/half an hour 4. the train/twenty minutes 7. the concert/?.7D ;. the !ostman/A o'clock <. this ,ook/4 weeks =. Fnglish/0A months ?. this letter/= o'clock A. !o! records/4D minutes C. a s!orts car/last (hristmas Fluency /. Listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Role-play the conversations. 0. 6te#e: Hello* am. What are you all doingam: )h* hello* 6te#e. What a sur!rise+ 'eff's outside. He's cleaning the car. "n fact he has ,een cleaning it for o#er an hour* ,ut he hasn't finished yet. 6te#e: And where are the children- Well* " can hear what Eate's doing. ;? am: 5es* she's ,een !ractising the #iolin s'nce after lunch. And Mark's in the garden. He has ,een !ainting the fence all afternoon. He hates it. He has only !ainted half of it. 6te#e: And what are you doing* amam: Well* nothing at the moment ,ut "'#e ,een reading a new no#el ,y Margaret Bra,,le. " ha#en't finished it yet* ,ut it's #ery interesting. " can recommend it. "n fact "'#e read all her no#els. 6he's my fa#ourite author. And what's 'ill doing- 6te#e: 6he's ,usy. "n fact she's ,een working all day. 6he has to !re!are a test for tomorrow. am: Well* how a,out a nice cu! of coffee- 4. :rian: )h* hello. "'#e ,een in the li,rary. 6te#e: And what ha#e you ,een doing there- :rian: "'#e ,een reading a ,ook a,out education in Fngland for our lesson tomorrow. "'m going home now. 6te#e: "t has ,een raining again* ,ut it's sto!!ed now. :rian: Well* "'#e got an um,rella in my ,riefcase* in case it starts again. What are you doing now- 6te#e: "'m waiting for Mike. " ha#e ,een waiting for o#er ten minutes. )h* look. There he is now. Mike: Hello* sorry "'m a ,it late. "'#e done some sho!!ing. Ha#e you ,een waiting longSelf check /. !se the .resent .er ect or the .resent .er ect ,ontinuous: 0 8ook+ 6ome,ody $,reak& the window. 4. " wonder if 'ohn $forget& my num,er. " $e>!ect& him to call for the !ast two hours 7 5ou look #ery u!set. What $ha!!en&- ;. 5ou $not* finish& that ,ook yet- 5ou $read& it for more than a week. <. The meat must ,e nearly ready. " $cook& it for nearly an hour. =. What you do& for the last two hours- / " $sit& here working at this !ro,lem. ? " $lose& my key. (an you hel! me look for it- A. 5ou look tired. 5ou $work& hard- C. My ,rother is an actor. He $a!!ear& in se#eral films 0D. Hello+ " $clean& the windows. 6o far " $clean& fi#e O them and there are two more to do. 00. 6orry+ "'m late./ That s all right " $not* wait& long. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0 _SMn W_k_V h e_kR[Rb c if_ ^Re_kR[RSR Q_\h[m \[VR^T. 4 oM eTX_Z NO^[VOSm^ib VRUO[i if_ ;< ZT^i[. `_NO[OVM_ \[iQ_^[M if_ aRNO^kTST __. 7. {M QRW^O fQ_Xm Z_^h-/`_[ h [OSmNO k[O eVTX_S. ; p_Z WM aR^TZRST\m \_POQ^h i[VOZ- / R/ ;A fRST Q_V_Wmh W \RQi.. jNOSmNO Q_V_Wm_W WM eO\RQTST- . j_Zm. <. c e_V_WOfi \[R[mb if_ QWR kR\R* ^O _s_ ^_ e_V_W_SR __. PRESENT PERFECT4 PRESENT PERFECT C#NTINU#US AN SI!P"E PAST C#!PARE Illustrative Situations 0. atrick (onnor was ,orn in Bu,lin. He li#ed there until he was 0A. He went to "ndia for fi#e years. Then he s!ent another fi#e years in (anada. Ji#e years ago he came to 8ondon where he is li#ing now. He li#ed in Bu,lin for 0A years. Then he li#ed in "ndia for fi#e years and in (anada for < years. He has ,een li#ing in 8ondon for the last fi#e years.

Questions: Where was atrick ,orn- How long did he li#e in "ndia and (anada- Where is he now- How long has he ,een in 8ondon4. Two !eo!le are waiting at the ,us/sto!. "t is C 7D. They are waiting for the C.0D ,us. )ne !erson is #ery angry. 3This ,us is ne#er on time+3 he says. 3"'#e ,een wating for it for twenty minutes now. 5esterday " waited half an hour for it+3 Questions: What are the !eo!le doing- How late is the ,us- What does one of the !eo!le say- How long has the man ,een waiting for the ,us- How long did he wait for it yesterdayPractice /. 5otice the change in orm as the situation changes: Situation: Mary got to the station at C. The train came at 0D. 6he waited for an hour. Situation: eter got to the station at C. "t is 04 now and the train hasn't come yet. He has ,een waiting for 7 hours. 0. Mary got a 1o, in the ,ank < years ago. 6he left the 1o, last week. 4. Tom got a 1o, in the ,ank 0D years ago. He's still there. 7. " started teaching = years ago. As you can see "'m still a teacher. ;. My grandfather ,ecame a teacher at 4D. He was still one when he died ;D years later. <. :etty o!ened the ,ook at =. 6he !ut it down again at 04. =. eter o!ened that ,ook = hours ago and he hasn't closed it yet+ ?. My ,rother started coughing at this time last year. He still has the cough. A. The ,a,y started crying and sto!!ed an hour later. ;C //. Respond to the ollowing; statements: e.g. 0 last smoked a cigarette a month ago. 5ou ha#en't smoked a cigarette for a month* e.g. They last came to see us at (hristmas. They ha#en't come to see us since (hristmas. 0. " last !layed foot,all ten years ago. 4. He last ate at = o'clock this morning. 7. We last had a holiday three years ago. ;. 'ohn saw Mary on Monday morning. <. " last had a ,ath a week ago. <. Mr Jo> last wrote to me in Je,ruary. =.0 last won a race fi#e years ago. ?. We last went to the theatre 7 months ago. A. " last called Mike on Tuesday. C. " last rode a ,icycle ten years ago. ///. As& questions with -how long- and -when-: e.g. "t is raining. How long has it ,een raining- When did it start raining0. Ann is learning "talian. 4. aul is !re!aring for his e>am. 7. The 'ohnsons are tra#elling around Jrance. ;. :ill is doing his homework. <. :o, and Alice are married. =. Mr Morgan is in Moscow on ,usiness. ?. "t is snowing. A. 8ucy is swimming. #$. As& and answer questions using the prompts: e.g. write to eter/ages When did you last write to eter)h* " ha#en't written to him for ages* e.g. see Tom/'anuary When did you last see Tom" ha#en't seen him since 'anuary. 0. dri#e a car/two years 4. sha#e/summer 7. s!eak to :ill/we 2uarrelled ;. hear from 9ick/)cto,er <. fly ,y !lane/ages =. catch a fish/weeks ?. eat out/my ,irthday A. discuss the matter/a month C. take !art in a com!etition/" was at school 0D. slee! well/months $. ,omplete the utterances: e.g. " know Tom. " first met him si> months ago. " ha#e... . " ha#e known Tom for si> months. "t started raining at 4 o'clock. "t has... . "t has ,een raining since 4 o'clock. 0. Tom's ill. He ,ecame ill three days ago. He has.....4. We ha#e ,een married for fi#e years. We got.....7. 'im has a ,eard. He grew it ten years ago. He has.....;. aul has ,een in Jrance for 7 weeks. He went.....<. He has had his car since Je,ruary. He ,ought .... =. Bick last wrote to me a month ago. He hasn't ..... ?. Eate came to the uni#ersity at C. 6he has.....A. "t started snowing at "". "t has ..... C. " ha#e ,een collecting stam!s for ten years. " ,egan .....

<D Fluency /. Listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Role-play the conversations: 0. 'ill/ How's am- " ha#en't seen her in town lately. 'eff: )h* she's fine. 6he has ,een #ery ,usy. 8ast week she started an office 1o,* only for summer months. 6he has ne#er worked in an office ,efore* so it's difficult for her. 6he has only ,een there a week* ,ut she has already learnt a lot a,out office life. 4. Mike: Ha#e you seen my new tie* Mum- Mother: Which new tieMike: The red one " ,ought in 8ondon a cou!le of weeks ago. " wore it to the dinner !arty at the Bawsoiis' !lace on 6aturday and " ha#en't worn it or seen it since. Mother: 9o* " don't think "'#e seen it this week* ,ut ha#e you looked for it !ro!erly- " e>!ect you threw it carelessly into the ,ack of the wardro,e after the !arty . the way you usually do. Mike: "'#e looked for it e#erywhere. Mother: 5ou !ro,a,ly wore it when you went out with 'anet on Jriday. Mike: Ah+ " remem,er now. "t was a ,it hot and " took my tie off in the car on the way home. " su!!ose it's still on the shelf under the dash,oard. Thanks* Mum. Self check /. !se the proper tense orms: 0. Mr (lark $work& in a ,ank for 0< years. Then he ga#e it u!. 4. Mary li#es in Bu,lin. 6he $li#e& there all her life. 7. :o, and Alice are married. They $,e& married for 4D years. ;. When we $,e& on holiday the weather $,e& awful. <. The weather $,e& #ery nice recently* don't you think- =. " don't know (arol's hus,and. 0 ne#er $meet& him. ?. 5esterday " met my school mate. We $s!eak& a,out our school years for an hour. A. How's your son getting on at school- . " don't really know. " $not* s!eak& to the teachers for some time. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. Lk_VR ZM \ g^_n QOPOWOVTST\m eOn[T W NT^O. c eVOfQRSR __ eOSkR\R i NT^O[_R[VR* ^O O^R ^_ eVTXSR. c ^_ a^Rb* k[O \ ^_n \SikTSO\m. 4. dOPQR [M W eO\S_Q^Tn VRa WTQ_S OU_V[R- . c ^_ WTQ_S _PO if_ QW_ ^_Q_ST. 7. dRN QOSPO [M f_^R[- . c f_^TS\h <0 [VT POQR ^RaRQ. ;. xQ_ [M O[QMYRS eVOXSMZ .k_[OZ- . `R dRWNRa_.uujNOSmNO WV_Z_^T [M [RZ eVOUMS- . ]NOSO Z_\hR <. Lk_VR h W_V^iS\h QOZOn \ VRUO[M W = kR\OW* O[QOY^iS ONOSO kR\R* R aR[_Z eOX_S ^RW_\[T[m QViPR. =. xQ_ NSbk- c TXi _PO if_ eOSkRPR. ?. {M QRW^O aQ_\m ^RYOQTXm\h- . c eVTX_S \bQR kR\ ^RaRQ.uu{ W\[V_[TS `TNOSRh- . lR* ZM eOPOWOVTST \ ^TZ ZT^i[ Q_\h[m* T O^ ' X_S. A. jNOSmNO WV_Z_^T i [_Uh q[O[ RW[OZO/ UTSm- uu|h[m S_[ C. jNOSmNO WV_Z_^T WM fTW_[_ W oT^\N_- . j 0C?A POQR. Revie/ / listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Role-play the conversations. 0. 6te#e: What ha#e you ,een doing'ill "'#e ,een !re!aring lessons for tomorrow* ,ut "'#e finished now. What ha#e you ,een doing6te#e: "'#e ,een watching a #ery interesting !rogramme on tele#ision a,out education in (hina. "t's 1ust finished. 'ill: )h* dear* then "'#e missed it. " thought it was on tomorrow* not today. That was am on the !hone ten minutes ago. 6he's ,een sewing new curtains all the e#ening* and 'eff's ,een !ainting radiators. A!!arently they'#e ,een working hard all the week. :y the way* ha#e you ; !ut the car in the garage6te#e: 5es* why- Has it ,een raining again- Situation: 5ou had a #ery ,usy day at the office and stayed there later than usual. 5ou are home at last. 5our wife wants to know what ke!t you late. 5ou ask what she and the kids ha#e ,een doing. 4. (arol Jenton: "'m (arol Jenton. "'m Mrs Hunt's sister. This e#ening my sister's family is coming to cele,rate my ne!hew's ,irthday. "'#e !lanned a small !arty ,ut 6imon

doesn't know a,out it yet. "t's a sur!rise. "'m #ery e>cited. 0 ha#en't seen 6arah's family for fi#e years. My hus,and and " are from :ristol ,ut we ha#en't li#ed there for eight years. Many of our friends still li#e in :ristol. 9e>t month we're going there to #isit my hus,and's family. We're staying at his ,rother's house. All my relati#es are going* too. 7. Mr Jenton: 6omeone's at the door* (arol. Mrs Jenton: "s e#erything readyMr Jenton: 5es* dear* e#erything's fine. Answer the door. Mrs Jenton: Hello+ "'m so ha!!y to see you. (ome in+ <4 Mrs Hun't: (arol* you look'#ery well. Mrs Jenton: Thank you* 6arah .. you look #ery well* too And the children ... they're ,oth so tall+ Mrs Hunt: Well ... you ha#en't seen them for fi#e years. Mr Hunt: 6arah* you'#e forgotten to introduce 6heila. Mrs Hunt: "'m #ery sorry. (arol* we'#e ,rought a friend with us. This is 6heila Morgan. 6he hasn't #isited 8ondon ,efore. Mrs Jenton: Hello* 6heila. 6heila: How do you do* Mrs JentonMrs Jenton: lease call me (arol. 9ow sit down e#eryone. "'#e made some tea. "t's in the kitchen. (an 'ane hel! meMrs Hunt: )f course she can. ;. Mrs Jenton: How long ha#e you ,een hereMrs Hunt: We'#e ,een here since 6unday. Today's Wednesday ... we'#e ,een here for three days. Mrs Jenton: And what ha#e you seen since 6undayMrs Hunt: We'#e ,een #ery ,usy ,ut we ha#en't seen #ery many things. 8ondon's so ,ig+ We'#e seen some of the sights and we'#e sho!!ed in )>ford 6treet. Mrs Jenton: And ha#e you ,ought anythingMrs Hunt: "'#e seen a few nice things ,ut " ha#en't ,ought anything yet. Mrs Jenton: "'m going to )>fort 6treet on Jriday. (ome with me. " know the good sho!s. <. Mrs Hunt: How are your sons- Mrs Jenton: Tim's li#ing with us. Mrs Hunt: Has he finished Hni#ersity yetMrs Jenton: 5es* he has. He's worked here in 8ondon for eighteen months. Mrs Hunt: What does he do- Mrs Jenton: He works in an e>!ort com!any. He's worked there since 'anuary. Mrs Hunt: And what does (hris do' Mrs Jenton: He works in Bad's com!any in :ristol. =. Torn. "s e#erything ready6ue: 9o* " ha#en't ,ought the melon yet. Tom: Are there any sandwiches6ue: 5es .. well ... no. "'#e ,ought the ,read ,ut " ha#en't made the sandwiches yet Tom: Ha#e you made the !ies- 6ue: 9o* " ha#en't made them yet. Tom: "s the wine here- 6ue: 9o* it hasn't arri#ed and the sho!'s closed now. <; Situation: 5ou'#e come to Moscow on ,usiness.0 5ou'#e got accomodation at the Minsk hotel. 5ou are sharing the room with another !erson who came to Moscow 4 days ago. 5ou introduce yourself and ha#e a talk with your neigh,our. 6elf check /. !se the proper tense orms. 0. "t still $rain& when " $come& in 1ust now. "t $rain& all morning. 4. " $sit& here waiting for you for nearly an hour. " already $drink& four whiskies. 7. What you $do& all this time- " $not* see& you for weeks. ;. They $not* work& for se#eral days now. They $,e& too ill. <. "t $not* ram& for a month now. The grass is #ery dry. =. " $go& to this !u, e#ery e#ening for the last ten years. ?. eter $write& letters since two o'clock. He already $write& fi#e letters. A. " $slee!& for the last two hours and 0 $not* wake& u! !ro!erly yet.

C. " $,uy& a new tie last week* ,ut " $not* wear& it yet. 0D. He already $see& that film. He $see& it when he $,e& in 8ondon. 00. When you $meet& Mr 6mith-3 3" $meet& him the day ,efore yesterday.3 04. 35ou e#er $s!eak& to him-3 35es. " $s!eak& to him ,efore the !arty.3 07. eter $li#e& in Greece for the last three years. He $li#e& in Africa ,efore he $go& to Greece. 0;. " 1ust $ha#e& my lunch. 0 $finish& eating fi#e minutes ago. 0<. " $make& fi#e mistakes so far today. 5esterday " only $make& three mistakes altogether. 0=. " ne#er $!lay& rug,y in my life* ,ut " $!lay& foot,all when " $,e& at school 0?. " $not* hear& from Eate since she $go& a,road. 0A. )n 6unday 0 was at the ,each. " $lie& in the sun for two hours. 0C. 35ou e#er $tra#el& ,y sea-3 35es* " $go& to :atumi ,y sea last year.3 4D. 3What a lo#ely old #illage )#erton is+ 5ou $li#e& here long-3 . 3" $li#e& here all my life. " $,e ,orn& in )#erton.3 35ou $,e& to other countries3 35es* " $go& to Jrance two years ago.3 40. 3Hello* /r Thom!son. Glad to see you in 8ondon. How long you $,e& here-3 3)h* only a few days. " $arri#e& here on Monday.3 3"s it your first #isit to 8ondon-3 39o* " $,e& here se#eral times ,efore.3 35ou $see& many !laces of interest in 8ondon-3 35es* 2uite a lot.3 44 (harles and :ar,ara Williams $li#e& at a #illage called Har!ole. They only $li#e& there for a few weeks. They $arri#e& on 4A August and they 2uickly $arrange& the furniture in their new house. They $not* make& many friends yet* ,ut they $think& that they soon will. The neigh,ours $,e& #ery kind so far* and Mr // Williams $in#ite& some of them to a !arty he hold& ne>t week. His friends from 8ondon and )>ford $corne& to the !arty. The Williams family $li#e& in 8ondon ,efore they $come& to Har!ole. Mr Williams $not* like& li#ing in 8ondon. While he $#isit& some friends in 6outham!ton last year* he $meet& a com!any director who $offer& him a 1o,. Mrs Williams $want& to stay in 8ondon* ,ut when they $arri#e& in the #illage* the sun $shine& and she $,egin& to en1oy her country surroundings. 47. 'ack $look& at his watch for the twentieth time. 6uddenly 'ill $arri#e&. 3" $wait& for o#er an hour3* he $say& angrily. 35ou ne#er come on time.3 3)h* is that so-3 'ill answered. 35ou $,e& here at 4.7D-3 'ack $go& red. 3Well3* he $say&* 3" $get& here fi#e minutes late myself* ,ut you $not* ,e& here.3 3" $come& here at e>actly 4.7D3* 'ill said* 3and $wait& for fi#e minutes* ,ut you $not* come&.3 3What you $do& since then-3 'ack $ask&. 3" 1ust $,e& to the hairdresser's3* 'ill answered ,rightly. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. . LR\ fQ_[ ZT\[_V jZT[. . ]^ QOSPO fQ_[. ]NOSO QWRQR[T ZT^i[. . |i\[m WOnQ_[. 4. . xQ_ eT\mZR- c YOki O[eVRWT[m TY \_POQ^h. . j_NV_[RVm [OSmNO k[O TY eVT^_\SR. ]^R e_kR[RSR _SMn Q_^m. 7. . oOPi h eOPOWOVT[m \ ZT\[_VOZ LOVO^OWMZ. rOb\m* k[O ^_[. ]^ [OSmNO k[O WMX_S. ;. . lRWRn \YOQTZ W NT^O. oM ^_ UMST W NT^O if_ _Sib W_k^O\[m. . OVOXRh TQ_h. `TNOSRn POWOVT[* k[O O^ WTQ_S T^[_V_\^Mn Q_[_N[TW W NT^O[_R[V_ }oO\NWR. Ok_Xm eO\ZO[V_[m _PO. lR* h Ok_^m SbUSb Q_[_N[TWM. <. . dOPQR [M aRNO^kTS T^\[T[i[. L 0C?< POQi. . jNOSmNO WV_Z_^T [M VRUO[R_Xm ^R q[OZ aRWOQ_. |h[m S_[. . xQ_ [M VRUO[RS VR^mX_. L ^Rik^O/T\\S_QOWR[_Sm\NOZ T^\[T[i[_. UNIT 1 ()MMH9"(AT")9: S#CIA"I5IN) ()REETIN)S AN "EA$ETA6IN)S) GRAMMAR: REF"E'I$E4 RECIPRICA"4

IN EFINITE PR#N#UNS (RE$IE7) a& How to greet an ac2uaintance: e& How to take your lea#e: Hello* Mr 6outh How are youGood Mrs 6mith. How are you morning* feelingGood Alan. How are you afternoon* getting onGood at How are things' e#ening* $informal& ,& How to re!ly to a greeting: )h* hello* Mr Jord. Gery well. Thanks. And youJine All right. retty good 9ot too ,ad. 6o . so. 9ot too good* "'m afraid Gery much the same c& How to res!ond to ,ad news: A: How's your ,rother< :. 9ot too good* "'m afraid A/ "'m sorry to hear that. )h* that's awful )h* that's terri,le d& How to res!ond to good news: A :ill has won the race+ :. "'m glad $!leased& to hear that )h* that's great )h* that's good How e>citing+ Really+ Well* " must ,e off " must ,e going Good/,ye $formal and informal& :ye/:ye/,ye $informal& 6ee you later/soon/tomorrow* etc f& How to send someone your regards: Gi#e my regards to your wife. Remem,er me to your family Conversation I 6ally: Morning* :rian. :rian: Morning* 6ally. How are you feeling today6ally: Jine* thanks* :rian. And you:rian: )h* !retty good* thanks. 6hocking weather* isn't it6ally: 5es* terri,le. :rian: How's eter now- Has he got o#er the flue yet6ally: )h* he is much ,etter* thanks. The doctor says he'll ,e all right in a cou!le of days. :rian: )h* "'m !leased to hear that. 6ally: 5es* it is good news. :rian: Talking of news . ha#e you heard a,out (laire- 6ally: 9o* what's ha!!ened:rian: Well* " ha#en't seen her since the end of the term so "'m not sure if it's true* ,ut a!!arently* she's failed her finals. 6ally: )h* no. oor (laire0 6he must ,e so u!set+ :rian: Ah* here's my sto!. :y the way* are you going to 6imon's !arty on 6aturday- 6ally: 5es* " e>!ect so. :rian: Good. "'ll !ro,a,ly see you there then. Well* ,ye/,ye and gi#e my regards to eter. 6ally: 5es* " will. :ye.

<= #. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: How are :rian and 6ally getting on- How is eter- What has ha!!ened to (laire- What are the friends going to do on 6a/ turday//. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing. dRN [M \_Uh kiW\[Wi_Xm \_POQ^h- jeR\TUO* YOVOXO. fR\^Rh eOPOQR* ^_ [RN ST- dRN |T[- f_ eOeVRWTS\h eO\S_ PVTeeR- Zi <> ^RZ^OPO SikX_. |VTh[^O \SiXR[m OU q[OZ. w[O YOVOXRh ^OWO\[m. {M \SMXRS O dSRV_- ]k_WTQ^O* O^R ^_ \QRSR WMei\N^M_ qNaRZ_^M. `_ iW_V_^* eVRWQR ST q[O. lOSf^O UM[m* O^R Ok_^m VR\\[VO_^R. o_fQi eVOkTZ* [M \OUTVR_Xm\h N jRnZO^i W \iUUO[i- LOaZOf^O* h iWTfi [_Uh [RZ. |_V_QRn eVTW_[ |T[i. ///. #nsert the missing phrases rom the conversation: 0. . How are you feeling today. ... . And you4. . How's eter- .... )h* he is much ,etter* thanks. The doctor says .... 7. . Talking of news . .... 9o* ...;. . :y the way* are you going to 6imon's !arty on 6aturday<. . Well* ,ye/,ye and .. . #$. Role-play the conversation. Conversation 3 'ohn: Morning* eter. How are youeter: Jine* thanks* 'ohn. And you'ohn: )h* "'m all right. 9ice and warm today* isn't iteter: 5es* ,eautiful. Jamily ]. d*.'ohn: 5es* they're fine* thanks. And yours'. eter: Well* 6ally's not good at the moment. Her mother was taken to hos!ital last week* you know. 'ohn: )h* "'m sorry to hear that. 6he must ,e so u!set. eter: 5es* she is. 'ohn: :y the way* ha#e you heard a,out the !rofessor- eter: 9o* " don't think so. What's ha!!ened- 'ohn: Well* "'m not saying it's true* ,ut there's a rumour going round that he is lea#ing. eter: "t can't ,e true+ 9ot the !rofessor+ He was here for life* " thought. 'ohn: Well* that's what they say. Anyway* " must ,e off now. Got to catch the train home. Good/,ye+ eter: :ye+ )h* and gi#e my regards to your wife* won't you- 'ohn: 5es* " will. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: How are 'ohn and his familyWhy is 6ally not good at the moment- What does 'ohn inform eter a,out- Why must 'ohn ,e off7A //. Listen to the conversation again. Recall the phrases expressing greetings2 leave ta&ings and inquiries a(out a riend 6or a relative7 used in the conversation. ###. Read the conversation. .araphrase the conversational ormulas expressing greetings and leaveta&ings #$. Role-play the conversation. Conversation 0 Mr 6mith: Good afternoon* Mr White* how are youMr White: Gery well* indeed* thank you* and how are youMr 6mith: uite well* thank you Won't you sit down- %ave a cigarette* will you- Mr White: Thank you. Mr 6mith: Well* what's the news* Mr White- How's ,usiness- Mr White: retty good* thank you. And how are things with you- Mr 6mith: Well* not too good* "'m afraid* and going from ,ad to worse. "n fact* it's the worst ear we'#e had for a long time. Mr White: "'m sorry to hear that. " ho!e things will soon

im!ro#e. Mr 6mith: 5es* let's ho!e for the ,est. And how's your ne!hew Richard getting on- Mr White: )h* he's getting on 2uite well* thank you. He's staying in the country 1ust now with his Hncle William and his cousins. Mr 6mith: How long is he going to stay there- Mr White: " don't know e>actly* ,ut he's ha#ing i. #ery !leasant time and it's doing him a lot of good* sO the longer he stays* the ,etter. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the ?uestions. How is Mr White- How are things with Mr 6mith- How is Richard getting on- Who did he go to the country with- "s he ha#ing a good time there//. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: dRN eOfTWR_[_- jeR\TUO* YOVOXO. |OfRSin\h* eVT\RfTWRn[_\m. dRN OU\[Oh[ Q_SR i WR\- rOb\m* k[O ^_ \STXNOZ YOVOXO T TQi[ O[ eSOYOPO N YiQX_Zi. `RQ_b\m* k[O Q_SR eOeVRWh[\h. lRWRn[_ ^RQ_h[m\h ^R SikX__. dRNT_ ^OWO\[T' dRN eOfTWR_[ WRX eS_Zh^^TN TkRVQ- p_Z UOSmX_ O^ [RZ eVOUiQ_[* [_Z SikX_. <C jNOSmNO WV_Z_^T O^ \OUTVR_[\h [RZ eVOUM[m- w[O eVT^O\T[ _Zi eOSmai. c [Ok^O ^_ a^Rb. ///. #nsert the missing phrases rom the conversation: 0. . How are you4. . .... . retty good* thank you. 7. . And how are things with you;. . " ho!e things will soon im!ro#e. / 5es* ... . <. . ... . . )h* Richard's getting on 2uite well* thank you( =. . .... " don't know e>actly. #$. 8ive synonymous expressions to the ollowing: 0. How are you- 4 Gery well indeed* thank you. 7. Won't you sit down- ;. Ha#e a cigarette* will you- <. How's your ne!hew Richard getting on$. Role-play the conversation. Practice /. 8reet: your teacher 4. your ,oss 7. your colleague ;. your friend. //. Respond to the ollowing: 0. Good morning* Mr Morgan+ How are you- 4. Hello* Bick+ How's life- 7. Good morning* Mrs :a>ter+ How are you getting on- ;. Good e#ening* Jred+ How are things- <. Hello* 6te#e+ How are you feeling- =. How's your son- ?. How are your !arents- A. How's your hus,and- C. How's your wife- 0D. How's your friend getting on- 00. How's e#ery,ody at home0 04. How's your family- 07 How is ,usiness///. Respond to a piece o good news: 0. "'#e won the game. 4. We're going out to cele,rate/tonight. 7. We'll go to a show on 6aturday. ;. We'll take a holiday. <. We're getting married in the s!ring. =. Mother's coming to stay. ?. We'#e ,ought a car A. Jather is going to gi#e you a ,ike as a !resent. #$. Respond to a piece o (ad news. 0. 5ou know 'ane is not good at the moment. 4. "'m afraid eter is getting worse. 7. 5ou know 'ack has caught flue. ;. 6heila has failed her e>am* you know. <. "'#e lost my 1o,. =. "'#e ,roken rny leg. ?. " didn't get the 1o,. A. " didn't win the !ri@e. $. Learn the dialogues: 0. . "'#e made u! my mind We're going to 6!ain for the holidays. . How e>citing+ . We'll lea#e early in 'uly. . Great+

4. . Morning* Jrank. "t's nice to see you. . Hello* 'im. How are things. retty good* thank you. Any news from home. 9o news. "'m 2uite u!set. . (heer u!+ F#erything will ,e ]. d/ 7. . Good morning* Mr Jord. . Good morning* Mr Bo,son. How do you like the weather today. A,solutely wonderful* nice and warm. What's the weather forecast for tomorrow- Bo you know. 5es* it says it will ,e ,right and sunny. . How nice+ Good/,ye. . :ye/,ye. ;. . Hello* 'ohn. We ha#en't seen you for ages. Where ha#e you ,een- Home. "'#e ,een #isiting relati#es. . Wherea,outs. " went to 6tirling to see an uncle of mine <. . How do you do* Mr 'ones. How do you do* Mr Hardy. 6it down* !lease. What can " do for you. "'#e come to fi> an a!!ointment with you for my chief. . Will 0D o'clock suit him. erfectly. =. . "'#e come to say good/,ye. . What time are you lea#ing. "'m catching the ?.4<. . Well* good/,ye and ha#e a good 1ourney. . Good/,ye. Remem,er me to your !arents. ? . How's Bick. Getting worse* "'m afraid. . )h* "'m sorry to hear that. =0 food although 6te#e hel!ed himself more than once. The room was too crowded* !eo!le were almost !ushing one another around. A girl s!ilt some wine on my dress. 6he ,lamed herself* although it wasn't really her fault in that crowd. We left early . "'m sure no,ody noticed. 4. am: We had a few little accidents at the weekend. Mark fell and hurt himself* Eate cut herself with a knife and " ,urnt myself. 'eff wasn't #ery understanding. He said we weren't careful enough and that we could only ,lame oursel#es for the accidents. 'eff had ,ought a Bo/it/yourself ,ook on car!entry and on 6unday he started to make a wooden ta,le for the ,alcony. " said to him: 3:e careful* don't cut yourself3* ,ut he hit his thum, with the hammer three times. 7. Monika: We went on a tour of the 8ake Bistrict. 'ill: )h* how nice+ Bid you en1oy yoursel#es- Monika: 5es* thanks. We met some nice !eo!le. Annegret and " were talking German to each other on the ,us and we noticed that the man and the woman o!!osite us were listening. They smiled at each other. Jinally* the man introduced himself and said: 3My wife and " are learning German* so we need !ractice. We're going to Germany on holiday ne>t month. "'#e 1ust ,een saying some irregular #er,s to myself3. He laughed* then they ,oth said a few sentences in German. They seemed to ,e 2uite !roud of themsel#es ,ecause it was the first time they had s!oken German to German s!eakers At home* they could only !ractise with each other. ;. 6te#e: Which of these two ties do you like* 'ill- 'ill: 9either of them. 6te#e: Why not- " like ,oth of them. And this red and ,lue one is nice. 9ow* which of the three do you like ,est'ill: 9one of them. The colours are all too dark. 6te#e: " like all of them. 'ill: And which are you going to ,uy- 6te#e: " don't know. " ha#en't looked at the !rices yet $8ooks at the !rices&. )h* dear+ " didn't reali@e they were so

e>!ensi#e. 9one of them+ <. (onductor: Jares* !lease+ Man: Trafalgar 62uare* !lease. =; (onductor: "'m sorry* sir. " can't change a !ound note Ha#en't you got any small change- Man: "'#e got no small change* "'m afraid. (onductor: "'ll ask some of the !assengers. (onductor: Ha#e you any small change* sir0 st assenger: "'m sorry. "'#e got none. 4 nd assenger: " ha#en't got any either. (onductor: (an you change this !ound note* madam7 rd assenger: "'m afraid " can't ; th assenger: 9either can ". (onductor: "'m #ery sorry* sir. 5ou must get off the ,us 9one of our !assengers can change this note. They are all millionaires+ Two Tram!s: F>ce!t us* conductor. 0 st Tram!: "'#e got some small change. 4 nd Tram!: 6o ha#e ". =. 6te#e: Where's the 8atin America's file- "'#e looked for it e#erywhere* ,ut " can't find it anywhere. "'#e asked e#ery,ody* and no,ody knows. 8ast week " !ut it somewhere in my cu!,oard* and now it's nowhere+ " need some information for my re!ort. Mr 6hort wants it tomorrow* and " ha#en't much !rogress. :ar,ara: "f " see anyone with it* "'ll tell you. Bon't worry. 6ome,ody has taken it and will ,ring it ,ack. Harry: "'#e got some good news for you* 6te#e. The file is on Mr 6hort's desk+ Mr 6hort is waiting for you. Here's a ,it of ad#ice* go and see him immediately. 6te#e: )h* dear+ And you call that good news?. Helen: "sn't there anyone at home'im "'ll knock again* Helen. F#erything is #ery 2uiet. "'m sure there's no one at home. Helen: :ut that's im!ossi,le. at and Tom in#ited us to lunch. 8ook through the window. Helen: (an you see anything- 'im: ook+ F#eryone's in the garden. at: Hullo* Helen. Hullo* 'im. Tom: F#ery,ody wants to ha#e lunch in the garden. "t's nice and warm out here. at: (ome and ha#e something to drink 'im: Thanks* at. May " ha#e a glass of ,eer* !lease- at' :eer- There's none left. 5ou can ha#e some lemonade. 'im: 8emonade+ =< Tom: Bon't ,elie#e her* 'im. 6he's only 1oking. Ha#e some ,eer+ //. Listen to the texts2 as& and answer questions2 retell the texts: 0. :ill Graig and 'ohn Jit@gerald are !ilots. 8ast year their !lane crashed in the acific )cean. They were in @ ru,,er dinghy for four weeks. They didn't ha#e much water* and they didn't ha#e many things to eat. They had a few ,ananas and a little ,randy from the !lane. They caught a lot of fish. They had only a little chocolate. They had only a few ,iscuits and a few a!!les. After four weeks they saw a shi! and the shi! rescued them. 4. " was outside Jrank's house at fi#e o'clock shar!* and a few moments later he came out of the side door* !ushing his ,ike. "t didn't take us many minutes to cycle to the ri#er. We sto!!ed at the ,ridge* lifted our ,ikes o#er the gate* and hid them ,ehind the hedge. There were some cows in the meadow. They raised their heads* and looked a little sur!rised to see #isitors so early in the morning. :ut there was no,ody a,out* a!art

from oursel#es. We reached the island and fi>ed u! our rods. There were a lot of small fish near the surface* ,ut we didn't catch anything for an hour or so. Then suddenly Jrank ga#e a cry* 3Got one+3 Almost at the same moment something ,ig took my ,ait. " !ulled u! my fishing rod and the hook was gone. :ut Jrank was luckier. 38ook at this3* he said ha!!ily* !ointing to a large 6il#er :ream* which lay on the ,ank. " congratulated him* ,ut felt a ,it disa!!ointed a,out losing my own fish. The sun was u! now. "t was getting warmer e#ery moment* and there wasn't much !oint in continuing to fish. " got out the thermos and we drank a little tea and ate a few ,iscuits. Self check /. *ill in the gaps with -some-2 -any-2 -no- or their compounds: 0 " want .. seats for Tuesday night. Are there ... left- . 9o* there are ... seats left. F#ery seat is reser#ed. 4. Boctor* " think there's ... in my eye. ... looks funny.. 8et me ha#e a look. " can't see ... . 9o* "'m sure there's ... there. 7. There's ... in the other office+ . " didn't hear ... .. Well* 1ust ha#e a look. . 9o* there's ... there. ... has gone home. ;. What are you looking for- . My !en. "t's ... in this room+ . Where ha#e you looked- . "'#e looked ... and " can't find it ... + //. *ill in the gaps with either-6a7 little- or -6a7 ew-: 0 " drank ... whisky. 4. He smoked ... cigarettes. 7. " ate ... ,iscuits. ;. There was ... water on the floor. <. We took ... !hotogra!hs. =. " like ... tomato sauce with my chi!s. ?. 6he made ... sandwiches. A. 6he's got only ... dollars. C. " had #ery ... friends at school. 0D. There is too ... sugar in the tea. the tea. ///. *ill in the gaps with -many- or -much-: 0. He hasn't got ... money. 4. We ha#en't got ... !etrol. 7. He hasn't got ... friends. ;. We ha#en't got ... wine. <. There aren't ... oranges in the fridge. =. How ... coffee did you ,uy- ?. How . . stam!s do you want- A. How ... letters did you write- C. How ... information was he a,le to gi#e you- 0D. How ... sandwiches do you want- 00. There were too ... !eo!le at the !arty. 04. He made too ... noise. #$. ,omplete with -(oth-2 -neither-2 -all- or -none-: Monika: Which of these ,louses do you like- This one or that oneMaria: ... of them. The colours are too ,right. Monika: Well* " like ... of them* and ... of them is e>!ensi#e. " think "'ll try the stri!ed one. Maria: Ha#e you seen these skirts- Which do you likeThe ,lue one* the red one or the green one- Monika: )h* yes. They are nice. " like ... of them. They aren't e>!ensi#e. ... of them costs more than t0D. $. *ill in the gaps with proper re lexive pronouns: 0. The dog en1oyed ... with the children. 4. 5ou needn't hel! them. They can do it ... . 7. " cut ... while sha#ing. ;. Bid he hurt ... - <. 6he introduced ... as Mary 6mith. =. Bon't ,lame ... . "t isn't your fault. ?. Hel! ... to some cake. A. We en1oyed ... at the !arty. C. 5our hair is untidy. 8ook at ... in the mirror. 0D. " don't like !eo!le who always talk a,out ... . 00. He was #ery ashamed of ... . 04. 6he has won the game and she feels !roud of ... . UNIT2 T) "(: !EA"S ()MMH9"(AT")9: RE8UESTS( RE8UESTS F#R REPETITI#N( $#"ITI#N( TE'T( T%E 9R#7NS )I$E A INNER PART& This e#ening the :rowns ha#e in#ited some friends to dinner. "t is 1ust a small dinner/ !arty for four of their friends: Mr and Mrs (arter and Mr and Mrs Macdonald. The guests arri#e at a,out half !ast se#en and are shown into the sitting/room where Mr :rown !ours drinks for them. 6herry is the most !o!ular wine in FnglandI men usually !refer dry sherry* ,ut women !refer sweet. At eight o'clock Mrs :rown says dinner is

ready* and they mo#e into the dining/room. Mary :rown does all the cooking in her house. 6he is always a little worried in case something goes wrong* ,ut this e#ening e#erything goes well and the guests make many kind remarks a,out her cooking. There are four courses: sou!* fish* meat and a sweet which is !udding today. (heese and ,iscuits and coffee will ,e ser#ed after the sweet. The con#ersation at ta,le is li#ely and interesting. Mrs :rown will not let the men talk a,out trade and !olitics all the timeI when she thinks anyone is getting tired* she changes the su,1ect. 6he is #ery good at getting !eo!le to talk in an interesting way* and there is always !lenty of laughter at her dinner/ta,le. Mr :rown often wonders how his wife can manage to make sure that all her guests en1oy themsel#es* and at the same time the dinner is well ser#ed. :ut then* he has known for a long time that his wife is a #ery cle#er woman+ When dinner is o#er they go to the sitting/room. Jor a while the ladies sit and talk while the men stand a,out smoking their cigars and talking ,usiness. resently Mr :rown ,rings out some of his new records he thinks his guests will like to hear. At a,out ele#en o'clock the Macdonalds decide they must go as they ha#e to get ,ack to 8ondon. The (arters offer to run them to the station in their car. 6o all the guests lea#e together. Mr and Mrs :rown see them off at the garden gate. The guests thank their hosts for a !leasant e#ening and dri#e off. :; Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text -1he Arowns 8ive a %inner-party- and answer the questions: What are the :rowns doing this e#ening- What do the :rowns treat their guests toWhat is the con#ersation at ta,le like- "s Mrs :rown a good hostess- What do the guests do after dinner- When do the guests lea#e the :rowns' house- Bo you think they are !leased with the !arty//. Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities o the text. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. S+ecial ifficulties /. /a&e up sentences using the word com(ination -to (e good at smth. 6doing smth.7-: e.g. He/chess $!lay chess& He is good at chess $!laying chess& 0. Roger/cycle 4. Mike/chemistry 7. "/!lay foot,all in my youth ;. 6imon/maths at school <. 6heila/tennis when she was young =. My friend/6!anish ?. My wife/cook A. The ,oy/swim C. 8ucy/ dance //. *ill in the gaps with either -to do- or -to ma&e-: 0. 8ook+ What a nice ta,le he has ... . 4. " .. myself a cu! of tea. 7. 6hall we ... this translation now- ;. Why+ He's crying. What ha#e you ... to him- <. 5ou'#e ... so much for her. 6he must ,e grateful to you. =. Bon't ... anything till " come ,ack. ?. This co#er is ... of !lastic. A. Mr 'enkins is ... a lecture on geogra!hy u!stairs. C. We all... mistakes when we were se#enteen. 0D.0 ha#e ne#er ... a s!eech in my life. 00. What are you ... here- . "'m waiting for 8ucy. 04. 5ou are ... your homework* aren't you- 07. Brink some milk. "t will ... you good. 0;. He ... a ham/and/egg sandwich. 0<. " wonder what !resent she will ... for him. 0=. This factory ... agricultural machines. 0?. " ad#ise you not to !ut off till tomorrow what you can ... today. "A.The remark he . . was so strange that " didn't know what to say in re!ly. 0C. What shall " ... ne>t///. *ill in the gaps with either -good- or -well-: 0. My friend s!eaks se#eral foreign languages ...* he has a .. memory for words. 4. Tony is not #ery ... when he s!eaks in !u,lic* ,ut he s!oke ... at the !arty yesterday. 7. Mr 6mith teaches Fnglish .... His lessons are usually #ery.... ;. " was !leased when the teacher said my son was ... at !hysics. <. He is a ... foot/ =C ,ailer. He usually !lays foot,all ... . =. The weather was ... yesterday. "t was warm and sunny. ?. "'m not #ery ... either. " caught a cold fi#e days ago. A. The machine works ... . "t has a ... engine. C. The food in that restaurant is #ery ... . 8et's go there.

#$. *ocus -#n casea& This structure is used to gi#e reason for doing something: Take this road ma! in case you get lost. The 3in case clause3 gi#es the reason for the 3main clause3* i. e. the reason for taking a ma!. ,& What's the difference in meaning0. "'ll ,uy some a!!les if " get hungry 4. "'ll ,uy some a!!les in case " get hungry. c& (om!lete these sentences with 3if3 or 3in case3: 0. "'ll take a !lastic ,ottle of water ... " get thirsty. 4. (an you ,uy me a news!a!er ... you !ass a kiosk on your way home- 7. We'll ha#e a swim ... we see a nice !lace ,y the ri#er. ;. "'ll change a tra#ellers' che2ue .. the ,ank is o!en. <. He took some e>tra tra#ellers' che2ues ... he ran out of money. =. ... the !ost office is o!en* can you ,uy me some stam!s- ?. When you dri#e to the mountains this winter* !ut chains on your wheels ... the roads are icy. $. 1ranslate into "nglish: a7 !se the ver( -to get-: 0. c iU_QTS _PO eOaWO^T[m _n. 4. c ^_ ZOPi aR\[RWT[m _PO \YOQT[m [iQR. 7. ]^R aR\[RWTSR _PO aRPOWOVT[m. ;. c iPOWOVTS _PO QR[m Z^_ WaRnZM <D zi^[OW. <. c ^_ ZOPi QOUT[m\h* k[OUM O^R eVTYOQTSR WOWV_Zh. =. {M ZOf_Xm \Q_SR[m [RN* k[OUM QW_Vm aRNVMWRSR\m- ?. c QiZRb* k[O O^ aR\[RWT[ TY NO^kT[m VRUO[i. (7 !se the ver( -to let-: ". ]^R VRaV_XTSR Z^_ eOSmaOWR[m\h __ e_kR[^On ZRXT^NOn. 4. lRWRn h eOZOPi [_U_. 7. c QiZRb* VOQT[_ST ^_ VRaV_XTST _n eVT^h[m ikR\[T_ W qN\NiV\TT. ;. kT[_Sm VRaV_XTS [_U_ O[\i[\[WOWR[m ^R aR^h[ThY- <. c eOaWOSTSR _n in[T \_POQ^h eOVR^m/ X_. =. liZR_Xm* O[_ LTN[OVR VRaV_XT[ _Zi eO_YR[m B ^RZT- ?. oOh ZR[m ^_ VRaV_XR_[ Z^_ NieR[m\h OQ^On. A. ]^ VRaV_XTS [_U_ eOSmaOWR[m\h _PO ZRXT^OnTe>t F>ercises /. As& questions on the text. ##. 1ell a(out the Arowns' party. ?D ///. When did you last ha#e a !arty- What was it like- Bid you en1oy the !arty- Was the cooking good- What did you eat(on#ersation ractice Re2uests. Re2uests for Re!etition. Golition. 3a& How to make a re2uest: Would (ould Will you (an 6!eak a ,it slower* will you< ,ring us the menu* !lease,& How to res!ond fa#oura,ly to a re2uest: 5es* of course* certainly* sure. c& How to refuse a re2uest !olitely: "'m sorry " can't. "'m afraid " can't. "'m terri,ly sorry ,ut " ha#e to rush off to my work after the lesson d& How to e>!ress a desire: "'d like " want a ticket for the < o'clock train* !lease. e& How to ask !eo!le to re!eat what they ha#e said: 6orryardonWhat When

Where $did you say&' /. Listen to the conversations2 learn them and ma&e su(stitutions: Treating Guests 0. . How a,out a nice cu! of tea ,efore you go- . 5es* "'d lo#e one. ?0 . How do you like it. A strong one with three s!oons for me* !lease* $coffee* cocoa& 4 . Another !iece of meat !ie. 9o* thanks* really. "'m on a diet. . lease* do. 5ou'#e hardly eaten anything. . "t's delicious* ,ut " don't think " ought to. $chicken* !udding* cake& 7. . Bo ha#e the rest of the chicken. . 9o* thank you. "'#e had too much already. . 'ust take it to !lease me. . )E* ,ut only a small !iece or " shan't ha#e room for my !udding* $meat* !otatoes& ;. . Are there any ,iscuits* !lease. 5es* of course. Would you like one. 5es* !lease. . Here you are. $sweets* a!!les* oranges* tomatoes& <. . Will you !lease gi#e me a little more salad. 'ust a moment. Here you are. What a,out ,acon and eggs- Will you ha#e some. 5es* "'ll ha#e some* !lease. And then a cu! of strong tea $cheese* fish& =. . lease* come in. . Thank you. . lease* sit down. Would you like a cu! of tea. 5es* !lease. . How a,out a ,iscuit. 9o* thanks. "'m on a diet. $a cu! of coffee/a sandwich* a glass of milk/a !iece of cake* a glass of lemonade/ an a!!le !ie& ?. . "s there any coffee* !lease. 5es* there is. . May " ha#e some* !lease. Hel! yourself* $chocolate* ,eef* cake& Thanks for Hos!itality 0. . " really must ,e going now. . :ut you'#e only 1ust come. Wouldn't you like to stay for a snack. That's #ery kind of you* ,ut " mustn't ,e too late. . What a !ity+ . Thanks #ery much for the !arty. ?4 . "t was a !leasure to ha#e you. 4. . " think " must ,e off. . 6o soon- (an't you stay a little longer. "'d lo#e to* ,ut " ha#e to get u! early tomorrow. . What a shame+ . Thank you for a wonderful meal . "'m glad you en1oyed it. "n a Restaurant a7 ,hoosing a dish and a drin& 0. . What do you want to drink. " feel like a cu! of tea . Bo you fancy something to eat. 5es* "'d rather like some of that fruit cake. . That's a good idea. " think "'ll 1oin you.

$a cu! of coffee/a!!le !ie* a glass of orange 1uice/!udding 4. . What would you like to drink. A ,lack coffee for me* !lease . How a,out something to eat. 5es* "'d like a !ortion of that straw,erry tart. . $a glass of mineral water/cake* a ,ottle of lemonade/meat !ie& 7. . What will you ha#e for the main course. (hicken sou! and ,eefsteak. . " don't want sou! today. "'ll take a mutton cho! with mashed !otatoes. $noodle sou!* #eal* chicken* cauliflower& ;. . Bo you want anything to start with* 6imon. 5es* some tomato 1uice. . As for me "'d like some salad to ,egin with* $fish/cold meat* a!!le 1uice/ham& <. . What shall we ha#e for dinner today. 8et's ha#e tomato sou! and ,eefsteak. . "'d rather ha#e a mutton cho!. $clear sou!* milk sou!* roasted meat* ,eefsteak& (7 Crdering a meal 0/ . Ha#e you decided on something' . 5es. Haddock and chi!s for me* !lease. . How a,out the sweet. 9o sweet. 'ust coffee. $chicken and rice* roasted meat and mashed !otatoes& ?7 4. . May " take your order* sir./0 . 5es* "'d like to try the steak* !lease. . And to follow. "ce/cream* !lease. 7. . (an " take your order* sir. "'ll 1ust take a small salad* !lease. . Bo you want any sweet. A!!le !ie and custard would ,e nice. $a steak/ a cu! of coffee* fried !otatoes/an ice<crea*) ;. . )h* e>cuse me+ . 5es* sir. (ould you ,ring us some more tea* !lease. )f course* sir. . ... and could you ,ring me the ,ill* !lease. "'m in a hurry* $coffee* cream* ,eer& <. (ustomer: Waiter+ "'d like the menu* !lease. Waiter: Here you are* sir. (ustomer: Thanks... "'d like some sou!. Waiter: Tomato sou!(ustomer: 5es* !lease and "'d like a steak. Waiter: Rare* medium or well/done(ustomer: Medium* !lease. Waiter: Which #egeta,les would you like(ustomer: "'d like some !otatoes* some !eas an- a sala-4 !lease. Waiter: (ertainly* sir. (ustomer: And "'d like some wine. Waiter: Which wine would you like* sir- (ustomer: A ,ottle of red wine* !lease. =. Waiter: May " hel! you- (ustomer: "'d like a steak. Waiter: How would you like it- (ustomer: Rare. Waiter: )'kay. And would you !refer a ,aked !otato or rice with it(ustomer: "'d !refer a ,aked !otato. Waiter: Anything to drink(ustomer: How a,out a nice cu! of coffee* !lease- Waiter: )'kay. That's a rare steak with a ,aked !otato and a cu! of coffee. //. Listen to the conversation (elow

?; Fating inner Tim: "t's a 2uarter !ast two $4.0<& " ha#en't had anything to eat since ,reakfast. "'m hungry 6heila: 6o am ". Tim: 5ou'd like dinner now* wouldn't you6heila: 5es. Tim: Why don't we eat in that restaurant6heila: That's a good idea. $"n the restaurant& Tim: Waiter+ Waiter+ :ring us the menu* will youWaiter: 6orry* what did you sayTim: Will you !lease ,ring us the menuWaiter: 5es* of course. Here you are. Tim: We'll need a while to choose. (ould you come ,ack in a minuteWaiter: All right. Tim: "s there anything to your taste on the menu- 6heila: 5es* all kinds of things. Tim: Would you like anything to start with- 6heila: 5es* "'d like to try the cucum,er salad. Tim: 6o would ". And what a,out the main course- 6heila: " can't decide ,etween the #eal cutlet and the chicken. Tim: 8et's take the #eal cutlet. "t's the s!eciality of the house. 6heila: All right. Tim: What would you like with the #ea 6heila: (auliflower. Tim: And " !refer ,oiled !otatoes. Bo you want some fruit- 6heila: "'d like an orange. Waiter: (an " take your order now- Tim: We want dinner for two. :ring us two #eal cutlets with cauliflower and ,oiled !otatoes* two cucum,er salads and a cou!le of oranges. Waiter: Anything to drink- 6heila: A half of cider* !lease. Tim: A half of cider and a !int of ,itter* !lease. " ho!e it's cold. Waiter: Would you like anything else- Tim: 9o* that'll ,e all right. 6heila: Would you !lease ,ring me a na!kin- Waiter: (ertainly. $some minutes later& Tim: How is the cutlet6heila: Gery tender* thank you And " like the oranges. They are #ery 1uicy ?< Tim: Waiter* our ,ill* !lease. How much is it- Waiter: Here you are* sir. Fight !ounds and twenty !ence. Tim: Thank you. Here is ten !ounds. Eee! the change. Waiter: Thank you* sir. ///. Answer the questions: Where is the scene taking !lace- Who are the s!eakers- Are they ha#ing ,reakfast or dinner- What ha#e they decided on- How does 6heila find the cutlet and the orangesHa#e they ti!!ed the waiter#$. Listen to the conversation again. #mitate the phrases expressing requests and volition and the replies to them. $. Read the conversation and analyse its language peculiarities. $#. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. $##. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: c YOki _\[m.. c [Of_. |OfRSin\[R* eVT^_\T[_ Z^_ \RSz_[Ni. |Ok_Zi UM ^RZ ^_ eOOU_QR[m W [OZ V_\[OVR^_- ]zTTR^[* eVT^_\T[_ ^RZ Z_^b* eOfRSin\[R. c UM YO[_SR \RSR[ Ta OPiVOW QSh ^RkRSR. L Z_^b _\[m k[O/^TUiQm ^R [WOn WNi\- oM YO[TZ OU_Q ^R QWOTY. oOf^O i WR\ Wah[m \_nkR\ aRNRa- {M UM YO[_SR eOOU_QR[m* ^_ [RN ST- |VO\[T[_* k[O WM \NRaRST- c \ \RZOPO aRW[VRNR ^Tk_PO ^_ _S. O[T[_ k[O/ ^TUiQm WMeT[m- `RZ eO^RQOUT[\h ^_Z^OPO WV_Z_^T* k[OUM WMUVR[m. c eV_QeOkT[Rb WRV_^Mn NRV[Oz_Sm. dRN [_U_ ^VRWT[\h NO[S_[R- LO[* eOfRSin\[R. ]^T Ok_^m \Ok^M_. ]zTTR^[* \k_[* eOfRSin\[R. $###. 8ive synonymous expressions to the ollowing: 5ou'd like dinner now* wouldn't you- Why don't we eat in that restaurant- :ring us the menu* will you- 6orry* what did

you say- (ould you come ,ack in a minute- Would you like anything to start with- "'d like to try the cucum,er salad. 8et's take the #eal. (an " take your order now- We want dinner for two. Would you !lease ,ring me a na!kin- How is the cutlet- How much is it#+ Role-play the conversation -"ating %inner-. +. /a&e requests. !se the word com(inations prompted: 0. . Would you !lease ,ring me another glass. Here you are. $gi#e one's !en* lend one's ty!e/writer* !ass the mustard& 4. . (ould you gi#e me a lift. ardon?= . " said 3(ould you gi#e me a lift-3 . (ertainly. $!ost this !arcel* get a ticket for me* stay a little longer* get my ,ill ready* call for me on your way ,ack& 7. . Will you !lease show me the way. )f course. $hel! me with my luggage* reser#e a ta,le* ty!e this letter* !ick me u! at the office& ;. . (an you lend me some money. "'m afraid " can't. $" ha#e no money a,out me.& $translate the te>t* re!air the radio/ set* gi#e one's records* see me home& <. . :uy some ,read on your way home* will you. All right. $ring sm,. u!* send a telegram* fetch a chair& =. . May " ha#e some more tea* dear. 5es* sure. ass your cu! along. $,eer* coffee* fruit* 1uice& ?. . Would you like anything else. 9o* that'll ,e all right. $sweet* fruit* 1uice& +#. /a&e requests with -can-2 -could-2 -will-2 -would-2 -may-: 0. 5ou are sitting at the ,reakfast ta,le and want the salt and !e!!er. 5ou ask your neigh,our: ... 4. 5ou want to 1oin your friend at the canteen for lunch. 5ou ask him: ... 7. The coffee is !ractically cold. 5ou ask the waiter: ...;. 5ou would like to call your friend from the office. 5ou ask his ,oss: ... <. 5ou want to light a cigarette ,ut you ha#e no lighter. 5ou ask your colleague: ... =. The ta,le is too close to the orchestra. 5ou ask the waiter: ...?. 5ou want to ty!e some documents ,ut you ha#e no ty!ewriter. 5ou ask your friend: ...A. 5ou are going to ha#e a !arty. 5ou ask your friend: ... C. 5ou are furnishing and decorating your flat. 5ou ask your friend ne>t door: ... 0D. 5ou are short of money. 5ou ask your cousin: ... 0 0. 5ou don't know the way to the station. 5ou ask a !oliceman on duty: ... 04. 5ou are looking for the in2uiry office. 5ou ask an official: ?? +##. How can you ma&e these re2uests more !olite0. ost the letter. 4. Answer the tele!hone. 7. 6witch off the TG set. ;. ass me the salt. <. 6how me that grey suit =. 8end me ten dollars. ?. :ring me your records. A. Ji> my sink. C. Gi#e me your lighter. 0D. Hel! me with my Fnglish. 00. )!en the window. +###. As& your riend to: show you the way* wait a minute* tell you the time* do you a fa#our* lend you some money* call ,ack later* !ost the letter* hel! you* kee! your com!any* gi#e you a lift* !ass you the salt* re!air your TG set* translate this te>t* take a message to ...* carry your ,ag. 5our friend will com!ly or refuse. +#$. As& your riend: 0. what film he would like to seeI 4. where he would like to li#eI 7. if he wants to take

!art in the !icnicI ;. what he would like for dessertI <. if he would like to listen to !o! musicI =. when he wants to start. 5our friend will res!ond. +$. Spea&ing indistinctly your riend: 0. asks you the timeI 4. asks you where you li#eI 7. tells you where he/she li#esI ;. tells you something a,out the weatherI <. says he/she can't come to your !artyI =. says he/she will !hone you at nine. 5ou ha#en't heard !ro!erly. Ask your friend to re!eat what he/she said. +$#. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. LM ^_ e_V_QRQT[_ _n q[i aReT\Ni- . j iQOWOSm\[WT_Z. 4. |OfRSin\[R* eOQOfQT Z_^h ^_Z^OPO.. OVOXO. 7. yRnQ_Z W q[O NRz_- . OVOXRh TQ_h.. p[O [M UiQ_Xm eT[m . kRn TST NOz_- . pRn \ STZO^OZ.. LOamZ_Z k[O/^TUiQm eO_\[m- {M* QOSf^O UM[m* eVOPOSOQRSR\m.. lR. O[_SO\m UM eOeVOUOWR[m UTzX[_N\.. p[O/^TUiQm _s_. `_[* q[O W\_.. [RN* ZM ZOf_Z aRNRaMWR[m. ]zTTR^[+ . lR* \qV- . |VT^_\T[_ ^RZ* eOfRSin\[R* QWR UTzX[_N\R T kRn \ STZO^OZ.. OVOXO* \qV. ;. LM ^_ ZOPST UM eOQW_a[T Z_^h ^R WONaRS- . j iQOWOSm\[WT_Z. <. {M ^_ \Q_SR_Xm Z^_ OQOSf_^T_- c YOki \YOQT[m ^R eOk[i aR eO\MSNOn. {M ^_ eVT\ZO[VTXm aR g^_n* eONR Z_^h ^_ UiQ_[- . dO^_k^O* h \_nkR\ f_ aRnQi. +$##. Act out the ollowing situations: a& 5ou'#e come to a restaurant. 5ou call the waiter and order ?A dinner of three courses. At the end of the meal you ask for the ,ill. ,& 5our friend and you are at a restaurant. At the moment you are looking at the menu and choosing the dishes you would like to try. 5our tastes differ. c& 5ou are at your friends' house. The hostess is treating you to a su,stantial dinner and the host is !ouring wine. 5ou en1oy the meal and com!liment the hostess on her cooking. )n lea#ing the house you thank the hostess for a wonderful meal. +$##?. Listen to the conversation: 9ookin. in A-vance A man is calling a restaurant to reser#e a ta,le. Maitre B': Good e#ening* 8e (uisiner. Mr 9o#ak: Hello. "'d like to make a reser#ation for ne>t 6aturday night. Maitre B': All right. How many are there in your !arty* sir* and what time would you like to comeMr 9o#ak: At ?.7D and there'll ,e four of us. Maitre B': 'ust a moment* !lease ... "'m afraid " don't ha#e anything for four at ?.7D. Would A ,e all rightMr 9o#ak: 5es* it would. Maitre B': 5our name* !lease. Mr 9o#ak: 9o#ak. Maitre B': All right* Mr 9o#ak* "'#e reser#ed a ta,le for a !arty of four at A this corning 6aturday. Mr 9o#ak: Thank you. Good,ye. Maitre B': Good,ye. Questions: What is Mr 9o#ak doing at the moment- When would he like to come- How many !eo!le are there in their !artyBoes A o'clock suit Mr 9o#ak+#+. Role-play the conversation. ++. Situation: "t is your wife's ,irthday tomorrow. 5ou are going out to cele,rate. At the moment you are !honing a restaurant and ,ooking a ta,le for eight !eo!le "istenin. !eals Meals in Fngland are much the same as in other countries with the e>ce!tion of ,reakfast. " e>!ect you'#e heard all a,out the ?C Fnglish ,reakfast with its !orridge or cereal* ,acon and eggs* toast* marmalade and tea

or coffee. Gery few !eo!le like chocolate or cocoa for ,reakfast. "n the afternoon a,out four o'clock or half !ast nearly e#ery,ody has tea. The two main meals of the day* lunch and dinner* are more or less alike. Most !eo!le ha#e lunch a,out one o'clock and dinner at half !ast se#en or later. Questions: What is the Fnglish ,reakfast like- What are the two main meals of the dayWhen do the Fnglish ha#e lunch $dinner&At the Continental Restaurant 5esterday was 6herman and Borothy 'ohnson's twenty/third anni#ersary. They went to the (ontinental Restaurant for dinner. This restaurant is a #ery s!ecial !lace for 6herman and Borothy ,ecause they went there on their first date twenty/four years ago. 6herman and Borothy sat at a 2uiet* romantic ta,le in the corner. They had two glasses of wine and then they ordered dinner. Jirst Borothy ordered a ,owl of #egeta,le sou!* and 6herman ordered a glass of tomato 1uice. Jor the main course Borothy ordered ,aked chicken with rice and 6herman ordered fish with !otatoes. Jor dessert Borothy ordered a !iece of a!!le !ie and 6herman ordered a ,owl of straw,erries. 6herman and Borothy en1oyed their dinner #ery much. The sou! was delicious and the tomato 1uice was fresh. The chicken was wonderful and the rice was tasty. The fish was fantastic and the !otatoes were e>cellent. The a!!le !ie was magnificent and the straw,erries were out of this world+ 6herman and Borothy had a wonderful e#ening at the (ontinental Restaurant. "t was a #ery s!ecial anni#ersary. Questions: Where did 6herman and Borothy cele,rate their wedding anni#ersary- What dishes did they order at the restaurant- How did they find the cookinginner for T/o Ma> Ro,erts is a ,achelor. He li#es in a small flat in 8ondon. Ma> not only en1oys eating food* he en1oys !re!aring it as well. His fa#ourite ho,,y is cooking. He has had so much !ractice that he has ,ecome an e>!ert cook. His sister* Anne* called on him last 6unday e#ening. "t was nearly dinner time and Ma> was in the kitchen. He was wearing an a!ron and !re!aring a meal. 35ou will stay to dinner* of course3* Ma> said. 3"'m star#ing+3 Ann said. 3"s there enough food for ,oth of us-3 3" ho!e so*3 Ma> AD answered. Anne lifted the lid of the sauce!an. 3Mm3* she said. 3"t smells delicious. What is it-3 3"t's a Me>ican dish3* Ma> answered. 3:ut this dish ought to ,e good. "'#e ,een !re!aring it for < hours3. 3There's enough food here for ten !eo!le+ 3Anne said as she looked into the sauce!an. 3Are you e>!ecting com!any-3 39o3* Ma> re!lied. 3" was going to eat it all myself3. Questions: Where does Ma> li#e- What is Ma>'s fa#ourite ho,,y- When did his sister call on him- Where was Ma> at the time- What was Ma> doing when his sister called- What sort of dish was Ma> !re!aring- Why did his sister ask him if he was e>!ecting com!anyAn Un/elco*e $isitor The door ,ell rang. Mrs (arson o!ened the front door. Her heart sank when she saw Mrs :ar,idge. Whene#er Mrs :ar,idge called she stayed for hours and hours. 3Good afternoon* Mrs (arson3* Mrs :ar,idge said. 3" was 1ust !assing and thought "'d dro! in to say hullo3. 3How #ery thoughtful of you3* Mrs (arson re!lied. 3Bo come in.3 'ust as Mrs (arson had feared Mrs :ar,idge stayed for se#eral hours. "t was nearly si> o'clock and Mr (arson would ,e home from work soon. He couldn't stand Mrs :ar,idge. Mrs (arson ke!t wondering how she could !ersuade Mrs :ar,idge to lea#e without offending her. 3Has your hus,and got home from work yet-3 Mrs (arson asked. 3)h* yes*3 Mrs :ar,idge answered. 3He always gets home a,out < o'clock3. 3"t's nearly = o'clock. Won't he ,e getting worried a,out you-3 Mrs (arson said.

3" thought of that*3 Mrs :ar,idge said. 3:ut it's so !leasant here. We'#e had such a lo#ely afternoon. 5ou know what "'ll do- "'ll ring u! my hus,and and tell him to come round too. May " use your !hone* !lease-3 Questions: Why was Mrs (arson disa!!ointed when Mrs :ar,idge called- When does Mr (arson come from work- How does Mr (arson feel a,out Mrs :ar,idge- How did Mrs (arson try to get Mrs :ar,idge to lea#e- Why did Mrs :ar,idge decide i to tele!hone her hus,andRea-in. 0. 5ou'll find restaurants for e#ery situation in the H6. "f you are in a hurry* you may 1ust want to gra, some 31unk food3 at a grocery store or a candy counter* or you can get a ,ite to eat at A0 one of the many fast food chains* like McBonald's* :urger Eing* Eentucky Jried (hicken* or Taco Time. )r you can get a hero or su,marine sandwich 3to stay3 or 3to go3 from a sandwich sho! or deli. 6ome of these !laces ha#e ta,les* ,ut many don't. eo!le eat in their cars or take their food home* to their offices or to !arks. "f you !refer sitting down ,ut still don't want to s!end much* you can try a cafeteria. At all of these !laces* you !ay at a cash register ,efore you sit down* and you don't ha#e to ti! any,ody . ,ut you usually ha#e to clear the ta,le when you finish+ 8lossary candy D.: #ery sweet sugary food deli D.: short for delicatessen* a sho! where you can ,uy salads and cooked meats and ha#e sandwiches made )un& ood D.: snack foods that are not good for you 4. "'m a terri,le cook. "'#e tried hard ,ut it's no use. "'#e got lots of cookery ,ooks* " choose a dish " want to cook* " read the reci!e* " !re!are all the necessary ingredients and follow the instructions. :ut the result is terri,le* and " 1ust ha#e a sandwich or some other 2uick snack. 6o " often eat out. " don't like grand restaurants. "t's not the e>!ense* it's 1ust that " don't feel at ease in them. Jirst the waiter gi#es me a menu which " can't understand ,ecause it's com!licated and has lots of foreign words. At the end of the meal when " !ay the ,ill " ne#er know how much to lea#e as a ti!. " !refer fast food !laces* like ham,urger sho!s where you !ay at once and sit down and eat straightaway. And " like take/away !laces* where you ,uy a meal in a s!ecial container and take it home. 7. Maureen often gi#es dinner !arties at home. 6he lo#es entertaining. 6he lays the ta,le: !uts the cutlery in the right !laces* sets out the !lates and !uts a clean white na!kin at each !lace. Jor the meal itself* she usually gi#es her guests some kind of starter first* for e>am!le sou! or melon. 9e>t comes the main course which is usually meat $unless some of her guests are #egetarians or they're on a s!ecial diet& with a side/dish of salad. Jor dessert it's usually fruit or ice/cream and then coffee. When e#eryone has gone home* she must think a,out doing the washing u!* as in the kitchen the sink is full of dirty cutlery. Self check /. *ill in the gaps with prepositions: Mike and eter ha#e come ... the canteen to ha#e dinner. "t is only half... one ,ut there are a lot of !eo!le ... the canteen already. A4 The ,oys go ... a small round ta,le .. a window* take a menu/card ... the ne>t ta,le and ,egin to read it. There is a great choice ... dishes ... the menu. Mike wants to ha#e ca,,age sou! ... the first course. eter !refers milk sou!. ... the second course the ,oys will ha#e fish ... !otatoes. :oth ... them are fond ... ice/cream* so they are going to ha#e it... dessert. Mike has taken a news!a!er... his ,ag. He likes to read something ... dinner. //. *ill in the gaps with articles where necessary: 0 " don't like ... mineral water* " !refer ... cu! of ... tea. 4. "s there anything to your

taste on ... menu- 7. 6he is going to cook ... fish sou! for ... dinner ;. What can you recommend for first course- <. ... meat is 1ust to my liking. =. What do you usually ha#e for ... second course- ?. ... cheese was fresh and tasty and he ate it with ... a!!etite. A. At... dinner we sat far from each other and could not talk. C. After ... dinner sit a while* after ... su!!er walk a mile. 0D. Who is coming to ... tea- 00. " had ... su!!er at the hotel restaurant 04 Jor ... ,reakfast " had ... ,oiled egg and ... cu! of ... strong tea. 07. He !refers ... roasted meat for... second course. 0;. 6he likes ... ,lack coffee for ... ,reakfast. 0<. Will you !lease ,uy ... loaf of ... ,rown ,read- 0=. He is fond of ca,,age sou!. 0?. " liked ... !ork we had for ... su!!er. 0A. " had ... ,ig dinner today. 0C. Bid you en1oy ... meal- 4D. ... 1uice was delicious. 40. . dinner is cold already. We must warm it u!. 44. "t is ... #ery su,stantial ,reakfast* isn't it- 47. " en1oyed ... lunch they ser#ed at the restaurant. ///. 1ranslate into "nglish: . {M if_ OU_QRS. `_[ _s_. . c [Of_. c Ok_^m YOki _\[m. lRWRn eOOU_QR_Z PQ_/^TUiQm WZ_\[_. . OVOXO. |OnQ_Z W NRz_ ^R iST_ _^[VRSm^On. j iQOWOSm\[WT_Z. c [RZ ^_OQ^ONVR[^O UMWRS. w[O NRz_ Z^_ Ok_^m ^VRWT[\h. {RZ YOVOXO PO[OWh[ T OU\SifTWRb[. L NRz_ . p[O \_POQ^h W Z_^b. o^OPO USbQ ^R ZOn WNi\. c YOki Wah[m NiVT^Mn UiSmO^* UTzX[_N\ T \[RNR^ Re_Sm\T^OWOPO \ONR. g [M. p[O NR\R_[\h Z_^h* [O h WOamZi URVR^mb O[UTW^ib T Ui[MSNi eTWR. c ^_ YOki \ie \_POQ^h. . {M YOk_Xm ZOVOf_^OPO. `_[* h ^_ SbUSb ZOVOf_^O_. A7 . {M ^_ YOk_Xm WMeT[m. lRWRn WOamZ_Z Ui[MSNi \iYOPO WT^R. . p[O/^TUiQm _s_. `_[* q[O W\_. lRWRn eOaOW_Z OzTTR^[R T \Q_SR_Z aRNRa. Fluency /. Answer the ollowing questions. What does your usual dinner consist of- What are your fa#ourite dishes- Are you a good cook- (an you gi#e me a reci!e of one of the dishes you can cook ,est- Ha#e you got any children- What are their likes and dislikes as far as food is concerned- Bo you always eat at home or do you sometimes dine out- When did you last go to a restaurant- Bid you like the ser#ice and the cooking- Which of the Minsk restaurants do you !refer- Why- Ha#e you e#er tra#elled a,road- How did you find the food in the countries you #isited- What is the canteen in your office like- Bo you often ha#e your meals there//. %iscuss the ollowing: 0. Many !eo!le find it #ery con#enient to ha#e dinner at a canteen or a cafe on week/ days. Are you of the same o!inion- Why4. "t is con#enient to ha#e a !arty at a restaurant rather than at home. 9o trou,le at all. All !leasure and fun. What do you think of it///. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5ou want to arrange a ,usiness lunch for yourself and re!resentati#es of another com!any. (all the restaurant to reser#e a ta,le for the num,er of !eo!le and time you want. Ask what they ha#e on their menu. 4. 5our friend and you are ha#ing lunch in a restaurant in 8ondon. :efore !aying the ,ill you decide on how much to ti! the waiter* $the meat was o#erdone* the ser#ice was slow* some items on the ta,le were missing& #$. Spea& on a& your fa#ourite dishesI ,& your usual ,reakfast $dinner* su!!er&I c& the e#ening

you s!ent at a restaurant. $. 3rite a(out the party you en)oyed. A; UNIT : ()MMH9"(AT")9: S#"I ARIT& GRAMMAR: 8UESTI#N TA)S Illustrative Situations /. Listen to the dialogues and learn them: 0. . :ill is #ery athletic. He can swim #ery well. . 6o can 'ack. . 5es* they are ,oth #ery good at s!orts. 4. . " am going to the !ictures. . 6o am ". . " ho!e the film will ,e good. . 6o do ". 7. . Where is Eate. 6he's got to stay at home and look after the children. . 6o has :ill* as a matter of fact . Then we can't !lay ,ridge* can we;. . 'im !layed cards yesterday. . 6o did aul. . Bidn't they get into trou,le. 5es* " e>!ect so. <. . "'m afraid 'ack and 'im aren't getting on #ery well in Fnglish. . 9o* they aren't. . articularly 'ack* he ought to work harder. . 6o ought 'im. . " 2uite agree. =. . Ha#e you e#er ,een to Australia. 9o* 0 ha#en't. . 9either ha#e "* ,ut "'#e ,een to 'a!an . 6o ha#e ". ?. . "'m not going to the clu,* "'m afraid. . 9either am ". / "t's a !ity* isn't it. 5es* " su!!ose so. A. . Ha#e you got a radio. 9o* " ha#en't. :ut "'#e got a !iano . 6o ha#e ". C. . What do you think of s!ace tra#el. " think it's #ery e>citing. . 6o do "* ,ut Mary doesn't. . Boesn't she. 9o* she thinks it's rather useless A< 0D. . As a child " could 1um! well. . " couldn't ,ut " could clim, trees. . 6o could " ,ut " can't now. / / 9either can ". 00. . Would you like to ,uy a ,icycle. 9o* not !articularly. "'d rather ,uy a motor/,ike. .6o would ". 04. . Bick will get a rise ne>t month. . 6o will :ill. 07. A: "'m on holiday ne>t month. :: 6o am ". A: " need a change. :: )h* so do 0. "'m tired of the same office and the same !eo!le

e#ery day+ A: Where are you going- :: 6!ain. A: )h* " went there last year. :: 6o did ". We always go to 6!ain .. ,ut we ne#er go to the (osta :ra#a. A: 9o* neither do ". There are too many Fnglish !eo!le there. :: Where e>actly are you goingA: 6an edro. . it's a little #illage on the north coast. :: 5ou're 1oking+ A: 9o* "'m not. "'#e ,een there three times. :: 6o ha#e we... and we're going there this year* too. A: ... not to the Hotel del 6ol- :: 5es ... whyA: Well* "'ll see you. "'m staying there* too+ 0;. ascale: " like tea with milk and sugar 8uisa: 6o do "* ,ut " don't like the coffee here* and neither does Maria. "t's too weak. (an you cook Fnglish foodascale: 9o* not #ery well. 8uisa: 9either can " :ut we had a good meal last night at 6tone's (ho! House. They call it 3The home of traditional Fnglish food.3 ascale: 5es* in 8eicester 62uare. :ut isn't eating out in 8ondon e>!ensi#e+ "'#e s!ent so much money on food. 8uisa: 6o ha#e "* and "'#e also !ut on weight. Practice /. "xpress solidarity. e.g. A: Tom is going ,y ta>i. $:ill& :: And so is :ill. A= A: 6he works in a laundry* $he& :: And so does he. 0. They had cornflakes for ,reakfast. $"& 4. George has lunch in the canteen. $Gerald& 7. 'ohn has a car. $Alan& ;. Ann got a !arking ticket. $Alice& <. Mary's taking !hotogra!hs. $Michael& =. "'m tired of this* $we all& ?. Richard has 1ust got home. $ hili!& A. :ill should take a holiday. $ eter& C. Fmily offered to hel!. $'ean& 0D. Hugh liked the film. $Mary& li. 'ack must go. $his wife& 04. Ann made si> mistakes* $you& 07. They're looking for a flat* $we& 0;. They missed the !rogramme* $we& 0<. hili! will ha#e to take lessons. $ at& 0=. Bick s!eaks (hinese. $ aul& 0?. Jred has ,ought a car. $Mark& 0A. 6te#e can swim well. $Bonald& 0C. "'m ha!!y. $"& 4D. " was here last week. $"& 40. " studied mathematics at school. $"& e.g. A: 'ack couldn't understand it. $Tom& :: 9either could Tom. A: He can't cook* $she& :: 9either can she. 0. eter hasn't time to study. $:ill& 4. George mustn't ,e late. $Arthur& 7. aul didn't get any slee!* $his mother& ;. Ann doesn't smoke. $"& <. 9ancy won't come* $her hus,and& =. aul doesn't ,elie#e you. $'ames& ?. :ill hasn't ,een waiting long. $:o,& A. Andrew wasn't drunk. $ eter& C. They don't know the way. $"& 0D. Ann won't write letters. $8ucy& 00. (harles wasn't making a noise. $'ack& 04. He won't ,e ready ,y si>. $she& 07. The 6miths aren't rich* $the 'oneses& 0;. He can't e>!lain it. $anyone else& 0<. eter hasn't started work yet. $Harold& 0=. Ann couldn't lift it. $Alice& 0?. 'ack hadn't ,een !aid. $ eter& 0A. 0 wasn't late this morning. $"& 0C. " didn't go to the cinema last night. $"& 4D. " ha#en't got a Rolls/Royce. $"& //. "xpress solidarity in response to your riend's statements 6(oth a irmative and negative7. Self check /. ,omplete with -so- or -neither-: ascale: Are you en1oying the courseAnn: 5es* #ery much. ascale: ... " " think our Fnglish is really im!ro#ing. Ann: My !ronunciation has im!ro#ed a lot. ascale: :y the way* how did you do in the last testAnn: uite well. " thought most of it was fairly easy. ascale: ... ". " didn't do #ery well in the first test though. Ann: 9o*... ". That's why " was sur!rised at my last test result.

A? ascale: ... the rest of us. F#ery,ody !assed. :ut " still don't like tests. And ... Monika. 6he gets so ner#ous+ Ann: "'m looking forward to a rest o#er the weekend. ascale: 5es*... ". There are so many interesting things to do here. " ha#en't seen any of the markets yet* for instance. Ann: 9o* ... ". "'d like to go to orto,ello Road. 8uisa's ,een there. ascale: ... Monika. 6he lo#ed it. "t was crowded and noisy and full of atmos!here. The things they sell there are #ery interesting. Ann: And ... the !eo!le who sell them* " e>!ect. 8et's go there ne>t 6aturday. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. `TNOSRn YOVOXO POWOVT[ eO/R^PSTn\NT.. PO f_^R [Of_. 4. c _s_ ^_ WTQ_S q[O[ zTSmZ.. c [Of_. 7. oM \OUTVR_Z\h ^R qN\NiV\Tb W WMYOQ^M_ Q^T.. oM [Of_. ;. g^h ^_ eVTXSR ^R NO^_V[ Wk_VR.. _ UVR[ [Of_. <. c ^_ iZ_b TPVR[m W POSmz.. c [Of_. =. Lk_VR Z^_ eVTXSO\m Z^OPO VRUO[R[m.. o^_ [Of_. ?. lfO^ SbUT[ zTPiV^O_ NR[R^T_.. PO f_^R [Of_. A. c ^_ a^Rb _PO RQV_\.. c [Of_. C. OU_V[ eVTQ_[.. LTN[OV [Of_. 0D. c if_ aRNRaRS UTS_[.. c [Of_. 00. Lk_VR h WTQ_S `TNOSRh.. c [Of_. 04. o^_ ^_ eO^VRWTS\h NO^_V[.. o^_ [Of_. 07. RQ WR\ WTQ_[m.. c [Of_. 0;. c ^_ UiQi eVT\i[\[WOWR[m ^R \OUVR^TT.. c [Of_. 8UESTI#N TA)S Illustrative Situations /. Listen to the conversations and learn them. C(serve the question tags used in the conversations. 0. 6te#e: 5ou didn't ha#e a #ery good holiday* did youBiana: 9o* ,ut how do you know- )h* " e>!ect George told you* didn't he6te#e: 5es* " met him in town last week. 5ou went to 6!ain* didn't youBiana: 5es* " like 6!ain* ,ut... 6te#e: ... ,ut it rained all the time* didn't it- And you didn't like the hotel* did youBiana: That's right. 5ou went to 6!ain last year* didn't you- 6te#e: 5es* ,ut we had a lo#ely time. "n fact* we'll !ro,a,ly go there again ne>t year. 4. 'ill: What shall " make when you come to tea on 6unday* Mark- 5ou like chocolate cake* don't you- Mark: )h* yes* !lease. "t's my fa#ourite. AA 'ill: And Eate likes straw,erry 1elly* doesn't sheMark: 5es* and so do ". 'ill: And you also like chocolate ice/cream* don't youMark: 5es* " lo#e it. Hncle 6te#e likes ice/cream* too* doesn't he'ill: 5es* that's right. :y the way* " think you'#e eaten enough of those sweets* Mark. The ,ag's almost em!ty. 5ou don't want to ,e ill* do you7. 6te#e: The curry is e>cellent* isn't it'ill: 5es* you're glad we came now* aren't you6te#e: 5es* of course. "t's ,etter than the curries " make at home. 'ill: And it isn't #ery e>!ensi#e here* is it6te#e: ro,a,ly ,ecause it's new. They only o!ened last week. 'ill: They aren't #ery ,usy* are they6te#e: 9o* not yet* ,ut it's still early. )nly =.7D !.m. And it is Monday night. "t will !ro,a,ly ,e much ,usier at weekends. ;. Hans: The ,us lea#es at A.7D* doesn't it- AH: 5es* we'll ha#e to get u! early. Hans: And we ha#e lunch in Winchester* don't weAH: That's right. After the #isit to the (athedral. Then on to 6alis,ury and 6tonehenge. Hans: " wonder when the ,us will get ,ack. We got ,ack from the last tour at a,out =.7D* didn't we- AH: 5es* in time for the theatre. :ut you don't

want to go out after the tour* do you- Hans: Well* "'d like to go to a concert* ,ut "'ll !ro,a,ly ,e too tired. Practice /. /a&e question tags: e.g. A: "'m not late. :: "'m not late* am "' 0. 5ou won' t tell eter. 4. 5ou needn't start at once. 7. His !arents weren't angry. ;. Ann ne#er reads re#iews. <. We shan't ha#e to wait long. =. 5ou don't e>!ect me to wait all night. ?. This ,us ser#ice isn't #ery relia,le. A. 5ou ha#en't read this ,ook. C. 5ou can't !lay !oker. 0D. 6he didn't ty!e the article yesterday. 00. Ann doesn't like detecti#es. 04. 5ou don't ha#e to work hard. 07. 'ack wasn't at the !arty. 0;. He couldn't get the tickets. 0<. 8ucy didn't come. 0=. 5ou won't in#ite aul. 0?. 5ou ha#en't talked to the ,oss* e.g. A: The coffee was terri,le. :: The coffee was terri,le* wasn't it0. Tom and Ann ha#e announced their engagement. 4. They AC are getting married ne>t month. 7. :ill will ,e disa!!ointed ;. He was ho!ing to marry her himself. <. 5ou earn twice as much as your ,rother. =. And he works much harder than you. ?. He ought to ask for more money. A His em!loyers could afford to !ay him more C. They made an enormous !rofit last year. 0D. Bick can swim well. 00. He can also di#e #ery well. 04. He is good at water/skiing* too. 07. 8ast year he won the water/skiing com!etition* e.g. A: 5ou didn't ha#e to wait long. :: 5ou didn't ha#e to wait long* did you- e.g. A: A ,us came almost at once. :: A ,us came almost at once* didn't it- 0. 5ou won't ,e late. 4. 5ou'll ,e in time. 7. They weren't #ery good 1okes. ;. 9o,ody laughed. <. "t's no use crying o#er s!ilt milk. = 5ou will ,e careful. ?. They hadn't met ,efore. A. "'m in time. C. 5ou didn't e>!ect him to get the 1o,. 0D. He was 2uite astonished himself. 00. :ut it'll mean li#ing in 8ondon. 04. He won't like that 07. 5ou can manage on your own. 0;. 5ou don't want me to hel! you. 0<. Anyway "'m not much use. 0=. 5ou aren't listening to the radio. 0?. aul caught the A.;D. 0A. Ann hasn't come yet. 0C. 5ou don't think it was my fault. 4D. 5ou like eter. 40. They didn't take your !ass!ort. 44. The ,ottle was full this morning. 47. 5ou aren't going to do anything stu!id. 4;. 5ou can sail a ,oat. 4<. We don't ha#e to start at once. 4=. 5ou didn't find your watch. 4?. 5ou know eter :rown. 4C. :o, will dri#e the car. 7D. 6he doesn't s!eak Jrench. 70. 8ucy is at home now. //. As& your riend or some in ormation using question tags. As& him?her a(out a7 sports (7 ood c7 entertainments. Self check /. .ut in the correct question tags: An Interro.ation olice (onsta,le: 5ou are 'ohn Alfred 6mithers* ...6mithers: 5es* " am (: 5ou're 7=* ...6: 5es* that's right. "t was my ,irthday yesterday. (: 5ou sell cars* ...6: 5es* " do. And other things. (: 5ou li#e in :aling* ...6: 5es* " do. "'#e li#ed here all my life. CD (. 5ou went to Ascot races yesterday* . 6: That's right. (' 5ou weren't alone* ...6: 9o* + wasn't " was with "sadora :ell (: :ut you're married* ...* 6mithers6: 5es* ,ut " ha#en't seen my/ wife Jor three years.

(' " see. 9ow you left your flat at ono o'clock* . .6: 5es* a,out one o'clock. (: 5ou were in your 'aguar* .. 6: 5es* " was. (: 5ou didn't sto! for !etrol* ...6: 9o. (: 5ou had lunch in an "ndian restaurant* .. 6: )h* no we didn't. We had lunch in a !u,. (: 5ou don't remem,er the name of the !u,* ...6: 9o* "'m afraid 0 don't. (: 5ou had chicken and chi!s* ...6: 9o* no* no. We had ,eer and sandwiches outside. (: 5ou arri#ed in time for the first race* and stayed until the last race* ...- 6: 5es+ (: 5ou were #ery lucky* ...- 6: 5es* " was. (: 5ou won f <*DDD*...- 6: 9o* " can't remem,er e>actly how much. (: There was f <*DDD in your flat* ...- 6: Was there(: 5ou don't know where Miss :ell is now* ...- 6: 9o* "'m not her hus,and* ...- (/ :ut you left her in (entral 8ondon* ,ecause she wanted to ,uy some clothes. 6: 5es* yes. (: "t's #ery interesting* ...* Mr 6mithers- 6: What do you mean- (: The last race at Ascot ,egan late and it didn't finish until twenty/fi#e !ast fi#e* so you dro#e from Ascot to (entral 8ondon and ,ack to Haling in 7< minuies* in the rush hour. That's im!ossi,le* ... Mr 6mithers+ //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. . {M fTW_Xm ^R iST_ _^[VRSm^On* ^_ [RN ST. lR* h fTWi [RZ if_ eh[m S_[. . {M W_Qm a^R_Xm ]S_PR ~OUOWR. lR* O^ ZOn \O\_Q. . {M ZOf_Xm e_V_QR[m _Zi aReT\NiC0 . dO^_k^O. 4. . `TNOSRn i_YRS W oO\NWi ^R eVOXSOn ^_Q_S_* ^_ eVRWQR ST/ lR. . ]^ _s_ ^_ W_V^iS\h* ^_ [RN ST. `_[. . `O O^ W_Qm W_V^_[\h N \iUUO[_. liZRb* k[O W_V^_[\h. 7. . {M ^_ iZ__Xm TPVR[m W XRYZR[M* => ?@A BCD . lR* ^_ iZ_b. . `O [M W_Qm TPVR_Xm W XRXNT/ lR. . {OPQR QRWRn eOTPVR_Z W XRXNT. H 9 "T ? GRAMMAR. PAST PERFECT( PAST PERFECT C#NTINU#US( FUTURE PERFECT( FUTURE PERFECT C#NTINU#US( Illustrative Situations /. Study these example situations: 0. " went to a !arty last week. Tom went to the !arty too. Tom went home at 0D.7D. 6o* when " arri#ed at 00 o'clock* Tom wasn't there. He had gone home. 4. As " was going to the station some days ago it ,egan to rain. Jortunately " had taken an um,rella and !ut on my raincoat. 7. 5esterday " had a s!are ticket for a concert. " knew that my cousin had already !assed her e>ams and " in#ited her to the concert. ;. The other day 0 met my school/mate. He said he had s!ent a month at the seaside

and en1oyed his holidays there. <. Richard went home a few minutes early yesterday. A few minutes after he had left* his ,oss !honed and asked to see him urgently. He was #ery angry when Richard's secretary told him he had gone. Richard had already gone when his ,oss !honed. =. 8ast 6aturday we had a !arty. 6ome guests were late. We sat down to dinner only when all the guests had arri#ed. ?. " went to the mo#ies after " had done my test. A. When Mr Hanson was lea#ing the office he asked his secretary to ty!e some letters. 6he had ty!ed all the letters ,y the time Mr Hanson came ,ack. C. :y ? o'clock " had !acked my suitcases and was ready to start. C4 0D. 8ast month " was in 8ondon. " had done a lot of sightseeing ,efore " left 8ondon. 00. When " called on eter last week " found him in ,ed. He looked !ale as he had ,een seriously ill for a month. 04. 6ome weeks ago " had a !arty. My friend Gictor didn't come to the !arty as he had left for Gene#a the day ,efore. 07. When " met Ro,ert last month he told me he had ,ought a car the !re#ious week. 0;. 5esterday morning " got u! and looked out of the window. The sun was shining ,ut the ground was #ery wet. "t had ,een raining. "t wasn't raining when " looked out of the windowI the sun was shining. :ut it had ,een raining. That's why the ground was wet. 0<. When the ,oys came into the house* their clothes were dirty* their hair was untidy and one had a ,lack eye. They had ,een fighting. 0=. When " entered 'ane's room yesterday " saw that her eyes were red. " understood that she had ,een crying. 0? When " called on my friend the other day he was writing a re!ort. He said he had ,een working at it for a month. //. Listen and learn the ollowing dialogues: 0. . Jred had studied Jrench for ten years ,efore he went to Jrance. . (ould he understand Jrench !eo!le when he arri#ed in Jrance. 5es* he could* ,ut not #ery well. 4. . " met :ill last Jriday. He told me he had written a ,ook. . Wasn't he 1oking. 5es* he !ro,a,ly was. 7. . " !honed Harry yesterday. He said he had made a disco#ery. . Wasn't he 1oking. 5es* he might ha#e. ;. . Eate was #ery cle#er as a child. . Was she really. )h* yes. :y the time she was three* she'd learned to dance. . How remarka,le+ <. . How long ha#e you known 'im :lack. Jor si> years. " met him at my uncle's si> years ago. . How long had he ,een a teacher at that time. Jor a,out two years. =. . " hear you had a tele!hone call from Fdward yes/ terday. C7 . 5es* " did. He !honed to tell me he had got married. . What else did he say. He said he was going to Jlorida. Practice /. ,omplete these sentences using the ver(s in (rac&ets: 5ou went ,ack to your home

town alter many years and found that many things were different. 0. My friend Henry was no longer there. He $go& away. 4. The local cinema was no longer o!en. "t $close& down. 7. Mr 'ohnson was no longer ali#e. He $die& ;. " didn't recognise Mrs 'ohnson 6he $change& a lot. <. :ill no longer had his car. He $sell& it. //. ,omplete these sentences as in the example. !se the 1 ver( in (rac&ets: e.g. Mr and Mrs Ba#is were in an aero!lane. They were #ery ner#ous as the !lane took off ,ecause they $fly&.. They were #ery ner#ous ,ecause they had ne#er flown ,efore. 0. The woman was a com!lete stranger to me. " $see& ... 4. Margaret was late for work. Her ,oss was #ery sur!rised. 6he $,e late ...& 7. 'anet !layed tennis yesterday . at least she tried to !lay tennis. 6he wasn't #ery good at it ,ecause she $!lay& . . ;. "t was Eeith's first dri#ing lesson. He was #ery ner#ous and didn't know what to do He $dri#e& ... <. 6he found it difficult to ty!e. 6he $ty!e& ... ///. /a&e up sentences using the words in (rac&ets: e.g. " wasn't hungry. $"/1ust/ha#e/lunch& " had 1ust had lunch. 0. Tom wasn't at home when " arri#ed* $he/1ust/go out& 4. We arri#ed at the cinema late $the film/already/,egin& 7. They weren't eating when " went to see them* $they/1ust/finish/their dinner& ;. " in#ited Ann to dinner last night ,ut she couldn't come $she/already/arrange/to do smth. else& <. " was #ery !leased to see 9ora after such a long time. $"/not/see/her/for < years& =. " knew the actor well. $"/see/him/ in/ many !lays& ?. 'ane was ,usy in the kitchen* $she/not/cook/dinner/yet& A. Ro,ert was late for the lecture* $he/miss/the A o'clock train& #$. Eoin the sentences together. %o it as in the examples: e.g. We came to the stadium. The foot,all match started When we came to the stadium the foot,all match had already started. C; 0. 6he !honed me. " !acked my luggage. 4. " found her carriage. 6he got off the train. 7. " returned home. The guests left. ;. We got to the station. )ur train went out. <. " came home. My son went to the cinema. =. " !honed 8ucy. 6he left the house* e.g. The ins!ector e>amined rny suitcases. " went to the train. After the ins!ector had e>amined my suitcases " went to the train. ". He had dinner. He went to the mo#ies. 4. 6he wrote the letter. 6he went to the !ost/ office. 7. He finished work. He left the office. ;. He saw his friend off. Then he returned home. <. 6he felt well. 6he took some !ills* e.g. The rain sto!!ed. We went out. The rain had sto!!ed ,efore we went out. ". 6he got off the train. " reached the !latform. 4. 6he !assed all her e>ams. 6he left for Moscow. 7. " listened to the news. " ,egan to do my e>ercises. ;. 6he studied Fnglish well. 6he went to 8ondon. <. We returned home. "t got dark* e.g. " ,ooked a ticket. " !honed :ill. As soon as " had ,ooked a ticket " !honed :ill. ". He reser#ed a room at the hotel. He went to the !ost/office. 4. He !aid the ,ill. He left the hotel. 7. 6he finished work. 6he went out for a walk. ;. " cooked dinner. " ,egan to lay the ta,le. <. " did the test. " left the "nstitute* e.g. Mr 'ones came home. His son re!aired the TG set. :y the time Mr 'ones came home his son had re!aired the TG set. ". The ,oss returned. The secretary ty!ed the documents. 4. " got to the station at =. My friend ,ooked the tickets. 7. He came home. His wife made su!!er. ;. 6he !honed me. " !acked my suitcases. <. We reached the station. The train left. $. ,omplete the ollowing: e.g. :y fi#e o'clock yesterday... :y fi#e o'clock yesterday " had translated the article. 0 :y the end of the month.... 4. ... ,y 0CC4. 7. ... ,y = o'clock. ;. :y the ,eginning of the year... . <. :y A o'clock... . =. :y 'anuary ... . ?. ... ,y the end of the lesson. $#. ,omplete the situations:

e.g. Tom was watching tele#ision. He was feeling #ery tired* $he/study/hard/all day& He had ,een studying hard all day. 0. When " entered the room* it was em!ty. :ut there was a smell of cigarettes. 6ome,ody $smoke&. 4. When Mary came ,ack from the ,each* she looked #ery red from the sun. $she/lie in C< the sun/too long& 7. The two ,oys came into the house. They had a foot,all and they were ,oth #ery tired* $they/!lay& ;. Ann woke u! in the middle of the night. 6he was frightened and she didn't know where she was. $she/dream& <. The streets were wet. $it/rain& $!. /a&e your own sentences or these situations: e.g. "t was 7 o'clock when 'ill went out to look for her son and = o'clock when she found him. 'ill had ,een looking for her son for 7 hours ,efore she found him. 0. Roger Morgan got his first 1o, in the film industry when he was 4D He made his first film when he was 4<. 4. Roy started studying for his doctorate when he was 4<. He got it when he was 7D. 7. Mary started in the sho! when she was 0C. When she was 4C she ,ecame the manageress. ;. Miss Roach ,egan her dri#ing lessons in 'anuary 0CC4. 6he didn't !ass her test until 'anuary 0CC7. <. 6he started the com!osition at A in the e#ening. 6he ga#e it u! at midnight and went to ,ed. =. Roger went to the ,us . sto! at ?. "t was ?.7D when the ,us came. ?. 5ou ordered the meal at 4* and the waiter ,rought it at 7. A. They went for a walk in the !ark at 00. "t was 04 when it ,egan to rain. C. eter and " arranged to meet at = ,ut he came only at =.7D.0D. The !rogramme was interesting. " started to watch TG at C when the tele!hone rang at 0D. $###. .ut the ver( into the correct orm2 .ast .er ect ,ontinuous 6# had (een doing7 or .ast ,ontinuous 6# was doing7: 0. Tom was leaning against the wall* out of ,reath. He $run&. 4. " tried to catch Tom ,ut " couldn't. He $run/#ery fast&. 7. 'im was on his hands and knees on the floor. He $look/for his cigarette lighter&. ;. We $walk& along the road for a,out 4D minutes* when a car sto!!ed and the dri#er offered us a lift <. When " arri#ed e#eryone was sitting round the ta,le with their mouths full. They $eat&. =. When " arri#ed* Ann $wait& for me. 6he was rather annoyed with me ,ecause she $wait& for a long time. #+. !se either Simple .ast or .ast .er ect. 0. The house was #ery 2uiet when " got home. F#ery,ody $go& to ,ed. 4. " felt #ery tired when " got home* so " $go& straight to ,ed. 7. " had ,een looking for my te>t,ook for an hour when at last " $find& it in the la,oratory. ;. Mary looked ha!!y. 6he said she $find& her ring. <. 'ulia $not* finish& work when 'im got to the office. =. " $finish& my homework at = and went out for a C= walk. ?. 'ane $wash& the dishes* dried them and !ut them into the cu!,oard. A. Tom called me this afternoon and in#ited me to go out for a walk* ,ut " couldn't as " $not* wash& the windows yet. Fluency /. Listen to the texts. As& and answer questions on the texts. Retell them. An A*usin. E,+erience " had an amusing e>!erience last year. After " had left a small #illage in the south of Jrance* " dro#e on to the ne>t town. )n the way a young man wa#ed to me. " sto!!ed and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car* " said good morning to him in Jrench and he re!lied in the same language. A!art from a few words " do not know any Jrench at all. 9either of us s!oke during the 1ourney. " had nearly reached the town when the young man said #ery slowly: 3Bo you s!eak Fnglish-3 As " soon learnt he was Fnglish himself. %e #ften oes This After " had had lunch at a #illage inn " looked for my ,ag. " had left it on a chair ,eside

the door and now it wasn't there. As " was looking for it* the inn/kee!er came in. 3Bid you ha#e a good meal-3 he asked. 35es* thank you*3 " answered* 3,ut " can't !ay the ,ill. " ha#en't got my ,ag.3 The inn/kee!er smiled and immediately went out. "n a few minutes he returned with my ,ag and gae it ,ack to me 3"'m #ery sorry.3 he said. 3My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this.3 A 9usy ay 6te#e was #ery ,usy at the office today At 0D.0< he had already made ele#en !hone calls. :y 00.0< he had written three se!arate re!orts on an accident* a hold/u!* and a ,om,/scare. At 04 o'clock he arri#ed at Heathrow Air!ort . the week ,efore* he had arranged an inter#iew with a :ritish Airways re!resentati#e. Hnfortunately* the man was late. 6te#e was hungry* ,ut he couldn't go to lunch until he had inter#iewed the re!resentati#e* so he only had a cheese sandwich. The re!resentati#e finally arri#ed at 04.;<. He had 1ust come from an im!ortant meeting. The inter#iew lasted till 0.7D and at 4.0< 6te#e had another a!!ointment in C? town. At 7 o'clock he still hadn't had any lunch* so he ,ought another cheese sandwich. He finally finisned work at =.7D* tired and hungry. He was looking forward to a good meal at home* ,ut when he arri#ed home* 'ill had gone out. There was a note for him on the kitchen ta,le: 3Gone out. (heese sandwiches in the fridge3. Rea-ersE "etters Ha#e you e#er had an em,arrassing e>!erience- 8ast week we asked readers to tell us a,out em,arrassing e>!eriences. We recei#ed hundreds of letters+ Here is a selection. A S*art Teacher My most em,arrassing e>!erience ha!!ened when /" had 1ust left the uni#ersity. " had 1ust started teaching in a 8i#er!ool secondary school. )ne morning my alarm/clock didn't ring... . " had forgotten to wind it u!. " woke u! at half !ast eight and school ,egan at nine. " 2uickly washed* sha#ed* dressed* 1um!ed into my car and dro#e to school. When " arri#ed the students had already gone into class. After two or three minutes the students ,egan laughing* and " couldn't understand why. 6uddenly " looked down and understood. " had !ut on one ,lack shoe and one ,rown shoe+ %an- in %anThe most em,arrassing e>!erience "'#e e#er had ha!!ened two years ago. My wife and " had dri#en into town to do some sho!!ing. The streets were #ery ,usy and we were holding hands. 6uddenly my wife saw a dress that she liked in a sho! window* and sto!!ed. " started looking at some radios in the ne>t window. After a minute or two " reached for my wife's hand. There was a loud scream* and a woman sla!!ed my face. " hadn't taken my wife's hand* "'d taken the hand of a com!lete stranger+ A Parkin. ProFle* My hus,and and " had decided to ,uy a new house* and "'d made an a!!ointment to see our ,ank manager. "'d ne#er met him ,efore and " was a ,it ner#ous. " dro#e into town and " was lucky enough to find a !arking !lace outside the ,ank. "'d 1ust started re#ersing into the s!ace when another car dro#e into it. 0 was furious+ " o!ened my window and shouted at the other CA dri#er. He ignored me and walked away. "t took me twenty minutes to find another s!ace. As soon as " had !arked the car* " rushed ,ack to the ,ank. " was ten minutes late for my inter#iew. " went/to the manager's office* knocked and walked in. The manager was sitting ,ehind the desk. He was the man who had taken my !arking s!ace+ Everythin. E,ce+t the 7eather My old friend* Harrison* had li#ed in the Mediterranean for many years ,efore he returned to Fngland. He had often dreamed of retiring in Fngland and had !lanned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he ,ought a fine house and went to li#e there. Almost immediately he ,egan to com!lain a,out the weather* for e#en though it was still summer* it rained continually and it was often ,itterly cold. After so many years of sunshine* Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had ne#er li#ed in Fngland ,efore. "n the end* it was more than he could ,ear. He had hardly had time to

settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of e#erything e>ce!t the weather. %erFertEs %o*eco*in. Her,ert Marshall was a student at (am,ridge* ,ut his hometown was 6t Al,ans. "t was August and the family had gone to the seaside. Her,ert went to Jrance for his holiday* ,ut he ran out of money* and came home a week earlier than he had e>!ected to. His train didn't get into 6t Al,ans until 1ust ,efore midnight. The last ,us had gone* so he had to walk home. He let himself into the kitchen* and as he was feeling hot and sticky* he took off his shirt to ha#e a wash. 6uddenly he heard hea#y footste!s running u! the !ath. The ,ack door ,urst o!en* and he found himself surrounded ,y !olicemen. They !ushed him into the li#ing/room ne>t door* made him sit down* and ,egan asking him 2uestions. 3What's your name-3 3Where do you li#e-3 3What's in that case-3 3What are you doing here-3 3" li#e here3* said Her,ert. 3"'#e ,een on holiday3. :ut no,ody listened to him. They 1ust went on asking 2uestions. Then suddenly one of the !olicemen said: 3Watch him Jrank . we'll go and search the house3. They left one tall* #ery young !oliceman* to guard him. CC 3(an " !ut my shirt on-3 asked Her,eit 39o3* said the !oliceman* 3stay where you are3. Then the others came ,ack with an older man* a sergeant. He asked the same 2uestions* ,ut he listened to Her,ert's answers. 3" li#e here3* said Her,ert* 3and " want to !ut my shirt on3. The sergeant looked at him thoughtfully. 3We'll soon settle this3* he said. He went out and came ,ack with a small* sandy/haired man wearing a sha,,y* ,rown dressing/gown. "t was Her,ert's ne>t/door neigh,our. He looked at Her,ert intently through thick s!ectacles. 3)h yes* 6ergeant3* he said* 3That is Mr Marshall3. Then he disa!!eared #ery 2uickly. The !olicemen all looked dreadfully disa!!ointed. They were con#inced that they had caught a ,urglar. 3Bid he ring you u!-3 asked Her,ert. The !olice sergeant nodded. 3He saw a light and understood your family had all gone away to the seaside.3 When they'd all gone* Her,ert made himself a cu! of tea. 7hatEs U+D Bo you like stories- " want to tell you a true story. "t ha!!ened to a friend of mine a year ago. While my friend* George* was reading in ,ed* two thie#es clim,ed into his kitchen. After they had entered the house* they went into the dining/room. "t was #ery dark* so they turned on a torch. 6uddenly they heard a #oice ,ehind them. 3What's u!- What's u!-3 someone called. The thie#es dro!!ed the torch and ran away as 2uickly as they could. George heard the noise and came downstairs 2uickly. He turned on the light* ,ut he couldn't see anyone. The thie#_s had already gone. :ut George's !arrot* Henry* was still there. 3What's u!* George-3 he called. 39othing* Henry*3 George said and smiled. 3Go ,ack to slee!.3 Self check ~ !se the proper tense orms: 0. Be,orah woke u! with a terri,le headache ,ecause she and Arthur $hold& a !arty the night ,efore. 4 When eter $go& along the street he $see& a friend of his whom he $not* meet& for a long time. 7. " $not* fall aslee!& yet when " $hear& the sound of the ,ell. ;. " $s!eak& to the woman ,ecause " $think& " $meet& her somewhere ,efore. <. When we $get& to the station* we $find& that the A o'clock train already $lea#e& and we had to wait until the ne>t train came in. While " $wait& " $read& a news!a!er. =. As soon 0DD

as they $go&* 0 $go& straight to ,ed. ?. When " $get& ,ack to the sho!* they $sell& the ,ook " wanted. A. He $,e& tired ,ecause he $work& in the garden all day. C. Jirst she $o!en& the !arcel* and then she $read& the letter. 0D. They $sit& there for more than an hour when the ta>i finally $arri#e&. 00. They $lea#e& the room as soon as he $finish& s!eaking. 04. He 2uickly $forget& all he $learn& at school. 07. When we $come& to Har!ole* the 6miths already $li#e& there for ten years. 0;. He $tell& me that he $fish& in the ri#er e#ery weekend for the last two years ,ut he ne#er $catch& anything. 0<. As soon as she $hear& the news* she $!hone& her mother. 0=. When he $look& around he $understand& that he $get off& at the wrong station. 0?. 'ack $do& his work ,y A o'clock. He $go& out into the street. The weather $,e& fine. "t $sto!& snowing and the moon $shine& high in the sky. 0A. Frrol and his girlfriend* 'udy* were #ery e>cited ,ecause 'udy's father $manage& to get them two tickets for the foot,all (u! Jinal at Wem,ley 6tadium. They $catch& an early train to 8ondon and $s!end& the morning looking round the sho!s. They $arri#e& at Wem,ley at two o'clock and $1oin& the 2ueue to get in. "magine their horror at the turnstile when they $realise& they $lea#e& the tickets at home. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. dOPQR h eVTX_S N LTN[OVi* _PO ^_ UMSO QOZR. ]^ iX_S ^R WONaRS W\[V_kR[m \WO_PO eVTh[_Sh. 4. {iVT\[M fQRST RW[OUi\ Ok_^m QOSPO* T NOPQR O^ eOQOX_S* UMSO if_ Ok_^m eOaQ^O* T TZ if_ ^TNiQR ^_ YO[_SO\m _YR[m. 7. dOPQR h VR\\NRaRS _Zi W\_* [O O^ eO^hS* k[O \SikTSV\m. ;. ]^R eO\ZO[V_SR ^R kR\M. rMSO ONOSO 04. ]^R VRUO[RSR ^RQ QONSRQOZ W [_k_^T_ = kR\OW. <. d NO^i Tb^h h \QRS W\_ qNaRZ_^M T UMS \WOUOQ_^. =. L eh[^Ti _PO ^_ UMSO ^R VRUO[_. `RNR^i^_ O^ i_YRS W NOZR^QTVOWNi. ?. dOPQR h eOaWO^TS `TNOSRb* h ia^RS* k[O O^ if_ 4 ^_Q_ST UOS__[. A. c VRUO[RS ^R aRWOQ_ QO [OPO* NRN eO\[ieTS W T^\[T[i[. C. jOUVR^T_ _s_ ^_ ^RkRSO\m* NOPQR ZM eVTXST. 0D. dOPQR h W_V^iS\h QOZOn* Q_[T if_ \eRST. _^R \NRaRSR* k[O O^T \eh[ \ C kR\OW. 00. LTN[OV \NRaRS* k[O O^ aRNRaRS ^OZ_V W PO\[T^T_ }NVRT^R. 04. ]^ fTS [VT POQR aR PVR^T_n QO [OPO* NRN eVT_YRS W oT^\N. FUTURE PERFECT( FUTURE PERFECT C#NTINU#US Illustrative Situations /. Study these example situations: ". Tom is a foot,all fan and there is a foot,all match on tele#ision this e#ening. The match ,egins at ?.7D and ends at C.0<. Ann 0D0 wants to come and see Tom this e#ening and wants to know what time to come. Ann: "s it all right if " come at a,out A*7DTom: 9o* don't come then. "'ll ,e watching the match on tele#ision. Ann: )h. Well* what a,out C.7DTom: 5es* that'll ,e fine. The match will ha#e finished ,y then. 4. :ill Rawlings and all the other men in the factory ha#e 1ust had their last tea ,reak. "t is 4.7D. They are all working again. They'll go on working and then* at ; o'clock a whistle will ,low and they will all sto!. Most of them will run out immediately. A few will stay for a few minutes ,ut the last one will ,e out ,efore ;.0D. They will all work until ;. The last one will ha#e left ,y ;.0D. 7. 8awrence Morrel* the writer* is trying to finish a story. He must get it in this e#ening's !ost. The !ost is collected at <.7D. 3"'ll go on writing until " finish this+3 he says to himself. 3"'ll write until <.7D* ,ut " must finish it ,y then. " ho!e "'ll ha#e finished it ,y then+3 ;. My father works at one of the city hos!itals. :y ne>t month he will ha#e ,een working there for ;D years. <. "'m writing a thesis. :y the end of this year "'ll ha#e ,een writing it for < years. Practice /. /a&e sentences with *uture .er ect: e.g.: Tom and Ann are going to the cinema. The film ,egins at ?.7D and it is already ?.4D and it will take them 4D minutes to get there. When they get there the film will

ha#e already started. 0. 'im goes to ,ed at "" o'clock. Tom is going to #isit him at 00.7D this e#ening. When Tom arri#es* 'im $go& to ,ed. 4. Bick is on holiday. He has #ery little money and he is s!ending too much too 2uickly. :efore the end of his holiday he $s!end& all his money. 7. Mike came to :ritain from the H6 nearly three years ago. 9e>t Monday it will ,e e>actly three years since he arri#ed. 9e>t Monday he $,e& in :ritain e>actly three years. ;. " know 'anet 6mith. :y the end of the month " $know& her a whole year. <. The train arri#es at. =. eter thinks it arri#es at =.7D. "t is = o'clock now. eter is on his way to the station to meet his mother. :y the time he reaches the station his mother $get& off the train. //. /a&e one sentence with either -(y- or -until- or each situation: e.g.: All the men in the factory are working. The whistle ,lows at ;. They will work until ;. 0D4 6ometimes the ,oss goes home at <.7D* ,ut he ne#er goes home later than si>. He'll ha#e gone home ,y =. 0. Richard is watching a !rogramme that ends at C. He wants to go to ,ed then. 4. The latest !ossi,le time Richard can get u! is ?.7D. 7. That ,us ne#er lea#es later than A. ;. )ld Mr Howard is reading a #ery good ,ook in the li,rary. "t closes in a few minutes* at C. <. Mr 'ackson is staying at a hotel. He will lea#e on Jriday. =. 6ome students are sitting in the language la,oratory at the "nstitute. The lesson ends at 7 o'clock. ?. The !rofessor sometimes comes at C.0< and ne#er later than C.7D. A. "t is the middle of the morning and 8awrence Morrel is writing. He always has lunch at 04. C. 8awrence may finish today at ;* certainly not later than ;.7D. 0D. 8awrence is waiting for some money from his !u,lisher. The !u,lisher has told him that it will arri#e not later than Tuesday. ///. Answer the questions using the prompts: e.g. Ha#e you ,een waiting for two hours- midday :y midday "'ll ha#e ,een waiting for three hours. 0. Ha#e you ,een learning Fnglish for three years- 'uly 4. Ha#e they ,een staying here for fi#e weeks- Monday 7. Ha#e you ,een li#ing here for nineteen years(hristmas ;. Has he ,een !laying tennis for three hours- tea time <. Has she ,een studying in 8ondon for a year- ne>t 'une =. Has he ,een slee!ing for eight hours,reakfast time ?. Ha#e " ,een talking non/sto! for an hour- se#en o'clock e.g. (an you tell me what you want to do ,y Monday- decide 9o. 0 won't ha#e decided ,y then. 0. (an 6id ,ring the car ,ack tomorrow- re!air 4. (an they go to 6!ain on Tuesdayfinish school ;. 6hall we ha#e ,reakfast at se#en- wake u! <. (an we lea#e in ten minutes' time- eat =. 6hall " go to meet the !lane at two o'clock- land ?. (an you let me know on 6aturday- make u! one's mind Self check /. !se *uture .er ect or *uture .er ect ,ontinuous: 0. We $finish& this e>ercise ,y A o'clock. 4. We are late. The lesson $start& ,y now. 7. :y the end of March he $li#e& here for three years. ;. 5oung :illy is growing u!. :y this time ne>t year he $,egin& school. <. They will ,e tired when they get there. They $tra#el& all day. =. 6he $ha#e& lunch ,y the time we arri#e. ?. They $,uild& the road ,y the end of the year. A.0 $s!end& all my money ,y tomorrow. C. We $fly& for twel#e hours ,y the time the !lane lands. 0D. The !lay $,egin& ,efore we reach the theatre. 00. :efore 0D7 the end of the year they $com!lete& the !ro1ect. 04. " $work& for this com!any non/sto! for thirty years ,y the end of )cto,er. UNITS T) "(: CINE!A ()MMH9"(AT")9: SU))ESTI#NS( #PINI#NS( "I6ES4 IS"I6ES4 PREFERENCES( TE'T( AN E$ENIN) AT T%E CINE!A Ba#id :rown is a hard worker at school and his !arents ho!e that he will do well in his e>amination in the summer* so that he can go u! to Hni#ersity ne>t )cto,er. He is determined to do his ,est. :ut he cannot work all the time* so once or twice a week*

when he is tired of work* he goes out with his friend :o, 6andford. They usually go to the theatre or the cinema* ,ut they sometimes go to a dance in :isho!ton. They do not often go to a theatre or cinema in 8ondon as the cost of the 1ourney and the higher !rice of seats in 8ondon make this too e>!ensi#e. "t is much chea!er in :isho!ton. "n Fngland the cinema is usually called 3the !ictures3. The American name* 3the mo#ies3* is sometimes used. The first !erformance* or 3showing3 as it is called* ,egins a,out two o'clock in the afternoon* and the show goes on from then until a,out half !ast ten. The cinema is not em!tied ,etween the 3showings3* so that once you ha#e !aid for your seat you can stay in the cinema as long as you like. There are usually one main film* a shorter one* a news film* some ad#ertisements and a 3trailer3 telling a,out the film for the ne>t week. (inemas in Fngland are usually larger and more comforta,le than the theatres. There is often a restaurant* so that it is !ossi,le to s!end a !leasant afternoon and e#ening there. :ehind the cinema screen there is a stage* so that the ,uilding can ,e used for concerts and other !erformances. Ba#id and :o, en1oy historical films* films a,out countries #ery different from their own* crime stories and films that make them laugh. They also like to see foreign films* ,ut it is not often !ossi,le to see these in :isho!ton. When they were younger they en1oyed 3cow,oy3 films* ,ut now they are older they are not so easily satisfied. They do not en1oy these films so much ,ecause they find they are all #ery much alike. This week they saw a film of one of 6hakes!eare's !lays. 6ome famous actors and actresses were in this film. Ba#id had seen the !lay with the same actors and actresses at the Royal 6hakes!eare Theatre in 6tradford/ 0D; on/A#on the !re#ious summer* so it was interesting to see how the !erformance in the film was different from the !erformance on the stage. The film was #ery fine and e>citing* ,ut Ba#id th=ught it had lost something. There were so many !eo!le and !laces that you forgot the main characters and the really im!ortant things that were ha!!ening. Telling his father a,out the film when he got home* Ba#id said he thought he would remem,er the theatre !erformance he had seen at 6tradford long after he had forgotten the film he had seen that e#ening. Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text and answer the questions: Boes Ba#id study at school or at Hni#ersity- What does he like to do in his s!are timeWhat is the Fnglish cinema like- What kind of films do Ba#id and :o, en1oy- What film did they see this week- What did Ba#id think of the film// Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities o the text. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. S+ecial ifficulties /. Study these example situations: a& Mrs Ma#is saw a film yesterday. "n the final scene a ,eautiful girl died in a handsome man's arms. Mrs Ma#is cried. The film made her cry. ,& 5oung Ba#id did not want to do his homework yesterday. His mother told him he must do it ,efore he went out to !lay. His mother made him do his homework. c& Two months ago when eter flew ,ack from (anada* there was a #ery !retty girl on the same !lane. When eter went through (ustoms they made him o!en his case. They made him take e#erything out. They did not make the girl do these things. They let her go through without any trou,le. //. /a&e up dialogues using the prompts: e.g. A: He told Ann* " ho!e. :: 5es* " made him tell her. He ... " ho!e. 0. a!ologi@ed 4. !aid the ,ill 7. wrote to the 6miths ;. cleaned the ,ath <. took his medicine =. re!orted the accident ?. waited for Ann A. rang his !arents C. answered the

letter 0D. cleaned his shoes 00. insured his house 04. did his e>ercises 07. !ut on his glo#es. 0D< ///. /a&e your own sentences with either -ma&e someone do- or -let someone do- or each situation2 li&e this: e.g. The !hotogra!her made funny faces at the little girl. Jinally she laughed. He made her laugh* e.g. Ba#id wanted to go out. His mother said he could. 6he let him go out. 0. There was an accident and a lot of !eo!le sto!!ed to look. A !oliceman shouted 3Mo#e on3 and they did. 4. 'ane wanted to go home early one day. Her ,oss said it was all right. 7. Ba#id wanted to stay u! late on 6aturday. His mother said he could. ;. He wanted to do the same on 6unday. 39o* go to ,ed3 his mother said* and he did. <. 'ill's father said some #ery sarcastic things to her. 6he cried. =. A student wanted to criticise a teacher's methods. The teacher did not sto! him. ?. Grey is not a colour that suits 'ane. 6he looks !ale in it. A. The comedian was #ery funny. The audience laughed. #$. /a&e up sentences with the word com(ination -to (e tired o smth.-: e.g. "/cycling "'m tired of cycling 0. They/tra#elling 4. 6he/her thesis 7. "/swimming ;. The actors/rehearsals <. The children/skating =. He/gardening ?. 6he/ this hard work $. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&70. He aR\[RWShn __ [RN Z^OPO VRUO[R[m. ]^R i\[RSR O[ q[On VRUO[M. 4. c aR\[RWTSR ZRXT^T\[Ni e_V_e_kR[R[m eT\mZO* [RN NRN W ^_Z UMSO Z^OPO OXTUON. 7. yRk_Z [M aR\[RWTS _PO TQ[T [iQR [RN eOaQ^O- ;. c \Q_SRb W\_ WOaZOf^O_* k[OUM eOZOkm _n. <. TSmZ Ok_^m O[STkR_[\h O[ N^TPT. ]^ POVRaQO T^[_V_\^__. =. ]^R POVQT[\h \WOTZ \M^OZ. ]^ Ok_^m [ViQOSbUTWMn T YOVOXO i\e_WR_[ W XNOS_. Te,t E,ercises /. As& questions a(out: a& Ba#id's !astime ,& cinemas in Fngland c& Ba#id's and :o,'s likes and dislikes as far as films are concerned d& the film Ba#id and :o, saw last. //. Spea& on: : a& cinemas in FnglandI ,& the ,oys' #isit to the cinema. 0D= Conversation Practice Su..estions a& How to ask for a suggestion: shall we would you do What like to do you want tonightto ,& How to make a suggestion: What $how& a,out Bo you feel like 6hall we 8et's Why don't we Why not Would you like to going to the !ictures' s!end the weekend in :righton $-& c& How to acce!t a suggestion: &es4 good idea. that's a mar#ellous idea* that would ,e nice* that seems all right. d& How to half/acce!t a suggestion we could* 5es* that's a good idea* " su!!ose* ,ut $there aren't any it's not a ,ad

idea* good films on at the moment&. e& How to re1ect a suggestion: 9o* Well* "'m afraid " can't. "'m sorry " can't. " don't really feel like $going to the !ictures&. "'d rather not* if you don't mind. f& How to make a counter/suggestion: Well* "'d rather "'d !refer to go to the !ictures $!u,& if you don't mind. 0D? (( Conversation I 6ally: Bo you feel like doing anything tomorrow e#ening* etereter: 5es* all right. What do you suggest6ally: How a,out going to see 36tar Wars3< "t's on locally and they say it's #ery good. eter: Well* we could* " su!!ose* ,ut " don't really like science/fiction films all that much. )f course* if you'd like to see it... 6ally: 9o* no... " don't mind. "t was 1ust a suggestion* that's all. eter: We could always go to Ba#e's !arty* 0 su!!ose. 6ally: Ba#eeter: 5es* Ba#e Wilkins. 5ou know/that cha! who works for the :.:.(. He's ha#ing a house/warming !arty. F#eryone's in#ited. 6ally: 9o* " don't think so somehow+ 5ou know what Ba#e's !arties are like. " still ha#en't reco#ered from the last one we went to. eter: Well* it was only an idea. 6ally: 9o "'d !refer to go somewhere else* if you don't mind. 'ust the two of us. eter: Would you like to go out for a meal* then- We could go to that su!er restaurant in (helsea. :rian told me the food was really great. 6ally: 5es* that would ,e nice. 8et's do that. And why don't we call in on :o, and 6ue on the way home- We'#e ,een !romising to go and see them for ages. eter: 5es* good idea. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are 6ally and eter discussing- What does 6ally suggest- Boes eter feel like seeing 36tar Wars-3 What idea does eter suggest- Boes 6ally like it- What do they agree u!on//. Listen to the conversation again. #mitate the phrases expressing suggestions and replies to suggestions. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: p[O [M eV_QSRPR_Xm- dRN ^R\k_[ [OPO* k[OUM \YOQT[m eO\ZO[V_[m zTSmZ 3LOn^R ZTVOW3- xOWOVh[* k[O q[O T^[_V_\^Mn zTSmZ. c ^_ WOaVRfRb. lRWRn [RN T \Q_SR_Z. c UM eV_QeOkSR \YOQT[m NiQR/^TUiQm _s_. w[O UMSO UM eV_NVR\^O. |Ok_Zi UM ^_ aRn[T N rOUi T jmb eO ei[T QOZOn- `_ YOk_Xm ST [M eOn[T eOOU_QR[m''0 OVOXRh ZM\Sm $TQ_h&. oM ZOPST UM* h eOSRPRb. ^_PO ^OWO\_Sm_ . oM ZOPST UM \YOQT[m W [O[ W_STNOS_e^Mn V_\[OVR^ W p_S\T / 0DA #$. Read the conversation. .araphrase the conversational ormulas expressing suggestions and replies to suggestions. $. As& questions on the conversation. $#. Role-play the conversation. Conversation 3 Ale>: What shall we do tonight:o,: Why don't we go to the cinema-

Ale>: Well* we could* " su!!ose* ,ut there aren't really any good films on at the moment. :o,: Well* what do you suggest/thenAle>: How a,out going out for a meal:o,: 9o* " don't feel like eating anything. Ale>: All right. And what a,out going to the !u, then:o,: Well* "'d rather go dancing* if you don't mind. Ale>: That's ). E. ,y rne. And why not go to a restaurant afterwards:o,: 5es* that's a mar#ellous idea. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are the ,oys talking a,out- Why doesn't Ale> want to go to the cinema- Boes :o, feel like going out for a meal- Where do they agree to go//. Listen to the conversation again and reproduce the conversational ormulas used to ma&e suggestions and replies to suggestions. ###. Respond to the ollowing suggestions using the phrases rom the conversation: 0. What shall we do tonight- 4. And why not go to a restaurant afterwards- 7. And what a,out going to the !u, then- ;. How a,out going out for a meal- <. Why don't we go to the cinema#$. Role-play the conversation. $. Accept the suggestions: 0. What a,out going to 6!ain- 4. Why not go to the !u,- 7. " suggest we go and see her at Faster. ;. Why don't we ask our Fnglish teacher- <. 8et's go for a walk. =. 6hall we #isit the art e>hi,ition on 6unday- ?. How a,out going out of town on 6aturday- A. Why don't we !lay cards- C. How a,out a nice curry- 0D. 8et's go and stay with my sister in :righton. 00. Would you like to 1oin us0DC 04. Bo you feel like going to the theatre- 07. Why don't we ha#e a !arty on 6aturday0;. How a,out tra#elling ,y shi!$#. Re)ect the suggestions. 8ive reasons or your re usal 0. Bo you feel like watching the film- 4. 8et's #isit the 6miths 7. What a,out ha#ing a snack- ;. Would you like to go on a !icnic for the weekend- <. What a,out going for a walk- =. Why don't we dine out tonight- ?. How a,out !laying a game of chess- A. Why not go to :ulgaria this summer- C. 6hall we go skiing tomorrow$##. /a&e counter-suggestions to the ollowing: 0. Why not s!end the weekend in the country- 4. 6hall we !lay a game of tennis- 7. Would you like to go fishing tomorrow- ;. 8et's send her a letter. <. Why not stay at a hotel- =. 8et's ha#e a steak. ?. Bo you feel like tra#elling ,y sea- A. Why don't we go out on 6aturday- C. How a,out watching 3(oronation 6treet3 tonight$###. Suggest to your riend: going to the !icturesI s!ending the weekend in the countryI ha#ing a swimI !laying cardsI going sho!!ingI starting at = a. m.I going ,y airI ordering a steak. 5our friend will acce!t or turn down the suggestion. #+. Learn the dialogues. /a&e up similar dialogues. 0. . Why don't we go for a dri#e in the country. That would ,e nice. Thank you. . "'ll !ick you u! a,out ?.7D. 4. . What a,out !laying a game of tennis. "t's nice of you to ask* ,ut " don't feel like !laying tennis. . Well* how a,out coming to see Tony. 9o* honestly " can't afford the time. 7. . 8et's go ice/skating. . 9o* "'m really not in the mood for it this e#ening. . Then* why don't we 1ust go out for a coffee. 9o* really. "'#e !romised myself an early night. ;. . Bo you feel like going to the theatre tonight. 9o* "'d !refer to go somewhere else* if you don't mind.

<. . Why don't you call me u! at the office at ?. Well* "'d rather !ick you u! at ?.7D. . That's settled. =. . 6hall we !lay a game of ,illiards. All right. ?. . Why not go to the forest on 6unday. That's not a ,ad idea* ,ut "'m afraid "'ll ,e ,usy on 6unday. 00D Conversation 0 'ohn: Would you like to get together this weekendeter: 6ure. What would you like to do'ohn: Well* how a,out seeing a mo#ieeter: That sounds good. Bid you ha#e any !articular mo#ie in mind'ohn: Well* they say 3A Man and his Horse3 is #ery good. "t's !laying at the Rialto Theatre. eter: 3A Man and his Horse-3 That's a western* isn't it'ohn: " think so. eter: Well* to tell the truth* " don't like westerns #ery much. 'ohn: )h* well* is there any !articular mo#ie you'd like to seeeter: How a,out 3The Return of the Monster-3 "t's !laying at the 6ho!!ing Mall (inema* and " hear it's e>cellent. 'ohn: 3Return of the Monster-3 Hmm .. "sn't that a science/fiction mo#ieeter: 5es* don't you like science/fiction mo#ies'ohn: 9o* not really. May,e we shouldn't see a mo#ie. May,e we should do something else. eter: )kay. Would you ,e interested in doing something outdoors'ohn: 6ure. Any suggestionseter: Well* we could go ice skating. 'ohn: )h* "'m afraid " don't really en1oy going ice skating. How a,out going hikingeter: Well* to tell the truth* "'#e gone hiking se#eral times in the !ast few weeks. 'ohn: Really- Then " guess you must ,e !retty tired of hiking. eter: " am. 8et's do something else. 'ohn: Why don't we 1ust ha#e dinner together somewhere this 6aturdayeter: That sounds like a good idea. Where would you like to go'ohn: Well* one of my fa#ourite !laces to eat is 3The (a!tain Ta,le.3 eter: Hmm. 3The (a!tain Ta,le-3 What kind of food do they ser#e there'ohn: 6eafood. :ut if you don't like seafood we could go some!lace else. eter: 9o. )n the contrary. " lo#e seafood. 'ohn: 5ou do- Great. eter: Then it's settled. 3The (a!tain Ta,le3 for dinner on 6aturday. What time'ohn: How a,out ? o'clocketer: "s A okay'ohn: Jine. "ll /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are 'ohn and eter talking a,out- What does 'ohn suggest- Boes eter feel like seeing 3A Man and his Horse3- Boes 'ohn like science/fiction mo#ies- 'ohn en1oys ice skating* doesn't he- Why doesn't eter feel like going hiking- Where do the two friends agree to go//. Listen to the conversation again. Reproduce the phrases expressing suggestions and replies to suggestions. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: dRN ^R\k_[ QST[_Sm^On e_X_n eVOPiSNT- {OPQR V_X_^O. dO^_k^O. `ROUOVO[. |Ok_Zi UM ^RZ eVO\[O ^_ eOOU_QR[m PQ_/^TUiQm W q[O WO\NV_\_^m_- diQR UM [M YO[_S eOn[TLOaZOf^O* ^RZ ^_ \S_Qi_[ \ZO[V_[m zTSmZ. c \SMXRS* q[O O[STk^Mn zTSmZ. {M TZ_S NRNOn/[O NO^NV_[^Mn zTSmZ W WTQi- RaW_ [M ^_ SbUTXm ^Rik^O/zR^[R\[Tk_\NT_

zTSmZM- dRNT_/^TUiQm eV_QSOf_^Th- {M* QOSf^O UM[m* i\[RS O[ eVOPiSON. w[O NRf_[\h YOVOX_n TQ__n. dRNOPO VOQR eTsi [RZ eOQRb[- oM ZOPST UM eOn[T NiQR/ ^TUiQm _s_. |O eVRWQ_ POWOVh. #$. As& questions on the conversation. $. Role-play the conversation. $#. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5our friend and you are !lanning how to s!end the e#ening. 4. An interesting film is on at your local cinema. 5ou suggest to your friend seeing it. 5our friend asks you some 2uestions a,out the film and makes u! his $her& mind to see it. 5ou arrange a,out the tickets and agree to meet outside the cinema at = o'clock. "ikes4 islikes an- Preferences a& How to e>!ress likes: " $2uite& "'m $#ery& like en1oy lo#e fond of keen on foot,all. music* 1ogging. ,& How to agree or disagree with a !erson's likes: Agreeing: Bisagreeing: 6o do ". 6o am ". " don't "'m not. c& How to e>!ress dislikes: don't like dislike " hate loud music. can't stand !eo!le who smoke. can't ,ear d& How to agree or disagree with a !erson's dislikes: 9either do ". Agreeing: 6o do ". 9either can ". " do. Bisagreeing: " don't. " can. e& How to e>!ress !references: 004 Conversation 1 6usan: Guess what- They're showing 3(hina 6eas3 with (lark Ga,le on TG tonight. 8ucy: Are they really- )h* " must watch that. "f there's one actor " lo#e watching it's (lark Ga,le. 6usan: 5es* so do "* es!ecially when he's !laying o!!osite 'ean Harlow. 8ucy: 'ean Harlow- )h* " can't stand her+ 6usan: (an't you- :ut why not8ucy: " don't know. " 1ust don't like the way she acts* that's all. 6usan: :ut she was a #ery good actress+ 8ucy: 5ou must ,e 1oking+ 6usan: 9o* "'m not. " really like the way she acts. Anyway* "'d 007 much rather watch 3(hina 6eas3 than the o!era on L. L. j 4 38a Tra#iata3. 8ucy: 5ou are not serious* are you- 5ou really mean to say that you'd !refer to watch 3(hina 6eas3- 6usan: 5es* any day. 8ucy: Well ... if that's the sort of film you en1oy watching* then all " can say is that " don't think #ery much of your taste+ " shall watch the o!era+

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are they showing on TG tonight- What do the girls think of (lark Ga,le- Bo they ,oth think much of 'ean Harlow's actingWhat !rogrammes are the girls going to watch tonight//. Listen to the conversation again. #mitate the phrases expressing li&es2 disli&es and pre erences. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: o^_ Q_n\[WT[_Sm^O ^VRWT[\h* NRN O^R TPVR_[. c ^_WM\ONOPO Z^_^Th O [WO_Z WNi\_. {M* ^RW_V^O* Xi[TXm. c ^_ ZOPi __ [_Ve_[m. \ST [RNOPO VOQR zTSmZ [_U_ ^VRWT[\h... o^_ eVO\[O ^_ ^VRWT[\h* NRN O^R TPVR_[. c UM eV_QeOkSR eO\ZO[V_[m zTSmZ. #$. Role-play the conversation. $. "xpress your agreement or disagreement with your riend's li&es. 0. " like detecti#es. 4 " en1oyed the o!era. 7. "'m keen on 1a@@. ;. "'m fond of folk songs. <. " lo#e foot,all. =. " liked sweets when " was a girl. ?. " en1oy classical music. A. "'m keen on fishing. C. " like 1ogging. 0D. "'m fond of figure/skating. 00. " liked the film #ery much. 04. "'m fond of science/fiction. $#. "xpress your agreement or disagreement with your riend's disli&es. 0. " hate foot,all. 4. " can't stand loud music. 7. " dislike the way she dances. ;. " can't ,ear "ndian films. <. " don't like o!era. =. " hate sho!!ing. ?. " dislike the songs he sings. A. " didn't en1oy the ,allet. C. " don't like coffee with milk. 0D.0 hate ,eing late. 00. 0 can't ,ear him. $##. 3or& in pairs. A expresses his?her pre erences2 using the words (elow. F agrees or disagrees accordingly. 0. watch TG or listen to the radio 4. go to ,ed early or late 7. read detecti#e stories or science fiction ;. large cars or small cars <. tomato 1uice or orange 1uice =. recei#e letters or write let/ 00; ters ?. tea or coffee A. tra#el ,y air or sea C. ca,,age sou! or chicken sou! 0D. sun,athe or swim $###. Respond to the ollowing suggestions expressing pre erences. 0. 6hall we go to the cinema- 4. What a,out seeing a detecti#e- 7. 8et's go to the theatre tonight. ;. Why don't we !lay a game of tennis 7 <. Would you like to go to a concert- =. Why not go a,road for our holidays- ?. Bo you feel like going for a walk- A. Why don't we ha#e dinner at this cafeteria- C. 8et's go fishing on 6unday. #+. As& your riend a(out his li&es as ar as sport is concerned. +. Situation: 5our friend and you are s!eaking a,out your likes and dislikes as far as entertainments are concerned. #+inions( A.ree*ent an- isa.ree*ent a& How to ask for an o!inion: What do you think of/a,out What's your o!inion of How do you find :ritish tele#ision,& How to gi#e an o!inion: " think " ,elie#e there is too much #iolence on the screen today. "n my o!inion c& How to agree with an o!inion: " $2uite& agree $with you& 5ou are $2uite& right. $5es&* he does $did* was* will* etc.& $9o&* he doesn't $isn't* didn't* etc & " think so too. d& How to disagree with an o!inion: " don't $2uite& agree $with you& " disagree. " don't think so. 9o* " don't $didn't* wasn't* etc & That's not my o!inion. That's your o!inion* not mine 00<

(on#ersation < eter: 'ack* you'#e seen 36iar Wars3* ha#en't you'ack: 5es* that's right eter: What do you think of it' 'ack: Well* " was a ,it disa!!ointed* really. " didn't think it was a !articularly good film at all. eter: )h* " disagree* 'ack. " thought it was great. "t's one of the ,est films "'#e e#er seen. " en1oyed e#ery minute of it. 'ack: " think it was !retty ,oring. eter: " really can't agree with you there* 'ack. " don't see how you can say it was ,oring. "t was full of e>citement. 'ack: "n my o!inion* it wasn't. " was ,ored ... mainly ,acause " was e>!ecting so much more to ha!!en* " su!!ose. eter: )h* come on+ A lot ha!!ened+ "t's really e>citing. 5ou are the first !erson "'#e met who hasn't en1oyed the film. 'ack: Tastes differ* you know. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are the ,oys talking a,out- What does eter think of the film 36tar Wars3- What is 'ack's o!inion//. Listen to the conversation again #mitate the phrases expressing opinions2 agreement and disagreement. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: c eOSRPRb* O WNi\RY ^_ \eOVh[. c ^_ \OPSR\_^. c eOSRPRb* O^ Ok_^m \Nik^Mn. c \NikRS $Z^_ UMSO \Nik^O&. |O ZO_Zi Z^_^Tb... p[O [M QiZR_Xm OU q[OZ zTSmZ_- c UMS ^_Z^OPO VRaOkRVOWR^. w[O OQT^ Ta SikXTY zTSmZOW* NO[OVM_ h NOPQR/STUO WTQ_S. |O[OZi k[O h OfTQRS UOSmX_PO. TSmZ Q_n\[WT[_Sm^O aRYWR[MWRbsTn. #$. Role-play the conversation. e.g $ "xpress agreement: . He isn't here $hasn't come* won't do it* etc.&. / 9o* he isn't $hasn't* won't&. e.g. . He is here $has come* etc.&. . 5es* he is $has* etc.&. 0. The film is !retty ,oring. 4. Bick doesn't like ,allet. 7. Eate is fond of musicals. ;. :etsy doesn't like detecti#es. <. Tom is fond of foot,all. =. Tele#ision is the greatest in#ention of the twentieth century. ?. The films of this !roducer are always a great success. A. They didn't en1oy the !erformance. C. The !lay is really e>citing. 00= 0D His acting is mar#ellous 00. The costumes vere !erfect. 9G. 5ou didn't like the first act* did you$# "xpress disagreement: e.g. . 5ou didn't en1oy the film* did you< . 5es* " did. " en1oyed e#ery minute of it. e.g. . 5ou liked the acting* didn't you. 9o* " didn't. 0. 5ou didn't en1oy the ,ook* did you- 4. 5ou are keen on theatre* aren't you- 7. The scenery is good. =. 5our friend likes dancing* doesn't she- ?. The !lay was e>citing. A. 5ou didn't ,ook the tickets* did you- C. He is fond of detecti#es* isn't he- . Mary doesn't like o!era* does she- 00. 8ucy doesn't en1oy science fiction films* does she- 04. The !lay was a success. $##. Agree or disagree with an opinion using one o the ollowing conversational ormulas: " $2uite& agree with #ou 5ou are right. " think so. " don't $2uite& agree with you. 0 disagree. " don't think so. That's not my o!inion. That's your o!inion* not mine. 0. American films are awful. 4. Women are less intelligent than men. 7. Fnglish is a #ery difficult language to learn. ;. The ta>es are too high. <. arents should ha#e to !ay for their children's education. =. There's too much discussion a,out women's rights today. ?. We need more nuclear !ower stations. A* "ndian films are e>citing. C. The climate here is !leasant. 0D. 'ogging is useful for health. $###. As& questions to which the ollowing may serve as responses: 0. "t was a success. 4. "t was a failure. 7. " had a good lime. ; )n the whole " liked it. <. 9ot ,ad at all. =. "t is mar#ellous. ?. "'#e ne#er seen anything like that ,efore. A. "n my

o!inion it's a little ,oring C " as a ,it disa!!ointed. #+. 5our friend and you are discussing the film you'#e 1ust seen. 5ou liked e#erything a,out the film and you en1oyed the acting. 5our friend has a different o!inion of the film. (on#ersation = Mr Alden: 6hall we see a film this e#eningMiss :rown: That would ,e delightful. 0 ha#en't seen a film in many weeks. Mr Alden: There are se#eral cinemas in my neigh,ourhood which show the latest !ictures. Miss :rown: 8et's consult the news!a!er to see what films they are showing in town. 00? Mr AldenI. . That's a s!lendid idea./0 ,elie#e 6hakes!eare's 3Midsummer 9ight's Bream3 is on at one of the cinemas tonight. "'#e heard it is one of the ,est !ictures of the year. Miss :rown: My sister and " ha#e already seen it. We en1oyed it #ery much. Mr Alden: The (asino may ha#e a good !rogramme. They are showing two main !ictures* a Jrench film and an American. " ho!e you ha#en't seen them. Miss :rown: " ha#en't seen either of them. Mr Alden: Bo you think we shall ,e a,le to o,tain seats- 6hall we ,uy ,alcony seats if we can get themMiss :rown: lease* don't. " do not en1oy seeing a film from the ,alcony. "t is too far from the screen. "t strains my eyes to see a !icture from such a distance. Mr Alden: The !icture starts in fifteen minutes. The foyer has many comforta,le seats. We can wait there and en1oy a cigarette in the meantime. There will ,e many #acant seats after the !icture ends. $After the film& Miss :rown: " certainly en1oyed ,oth !ictures. "n the Jrench film the actors s!oke Fnglish with a slight Jrench accent. The Jrench #illages shown were #ery !ictures2ue. The acting was faultless* ,ut " think the !lot was a little weak. Mr Alden: " am so glad that you en1oyed ,oth !ictures. " think the American !lot was #ery cle#er. The diction* too* was e>cellent. Miss :rown: 0 always like the news/reel. "t ,rings world e#ents in #i#id form and lea#es a lasting memory. Mr Alden: " had a #ery lo#ely e#ening. 0 ho!e to ha#e the !leasure of hearing an o!era with you in the near future. Miss :rown: Thank you for a !leasant e#ening. Good night* Mr Alden. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are Mr Alden and Miss :rown talking a,out7 What film is on in one of the cinemas in town- Miss :rown hasn't seen it yet* has she What is the (asino showing- Boes Miss :rown like seats in the ,alcony- How did Miss :rown find the !rogramme at the (asino- What did Mr Alden think of the American !lot- Where is Mr Alden going to in#ite Miss :rown in the near future//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. 00A ///. *ind in the text apprdpriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: liZR_[_* ZM \ZOf_Z QO\[R[m UTS_[M- |O\ZO[VTZ zTSmZ \_POQ^h W_k_VOZ- c ^_ SbUSb \ZO[V_[m zTSmZ \ URSNO^R. TSmZ ^RkT^R_[\h k_V_a eh[^RQR[m ZT^i[. w[O UMSO UM WO\YT[T[_Sm^O c eOSRPRb* }jO^ W S_[^bb ^Okm _N\eTVR TQ_[ W OQ^OZ Ta NT^O[_R[VOW \_POQ^h W_k_VOZ o^_* NO^_k^O* eO^VRWTST\m OUR zTSmZR. riQ_[ Z^OPO \WOUOQ^MY Z_\[ eO\S_ [OPO* NRN zTSmZ aRNO^kT[\h. c \SMXRS* k[O q[O OQT^ Ta SikXTY zTSmZOW POQR. c ^_ WTQ_SR ^T OQ^OPO Ta ^TY. #$. As& questions on the conversation. $ Role-play the conversation. $#. Situation: 5ou think your life is rather monotonous. All work and no !lay. 5ou in#ite your friend to see a new film in the )cto,er cinema. 5our friend willingly 1oins you. After the film you share your im!ressions. 8istening A Gisit to the (inema Jiona and " went to the cinema the other day to see 3Be#il3 at the )deon. The re#iew ,y

the Baily F>!ress critic was good* and we decided to go to the A o'clock !erformance. When " arri#ed Jiona was waiting for me in the foyer* looking at a !oster for 3Be#il3 on the wall. The usherette took our tickets and showed us to our seats. " don't like to ,e close to the screen and " usually sit in the ,ack row if !ossi,le* and " !refer a seat in the aisle so that " can stretch my legs. :efore the main film there was a Mickey Mouse (artoon* then a trailer for the following week's film. 3Be#il3 was a horror film and " was 2uite terrified* ,ut Jiona thought it was funny. A Jilm Re#iew Marlon :rando is a su!er, actor and in the 3)n the Waterfront3 he ga#e his finest !erformance. "t is his ,est/known role. The cast also included F#a Marie 6aint and Earl Maiden and the film's director* Flia Ea@an* ne#er made a ,etter film. arts of the film were shot in the studio in Hollywood* ,ut a lot was made on location in the streets of 9ew 5ork* which makes it at times like a documentary. The critics lo#ed the film ,ut it was not only a critical success. "t was a great ,o> office success as well arid made an 00C enormous !rofit. The !lot is a,out a young man's attem!t to ,e a ,o>ing cham!ion. A Funny Fil* Mary likes the cinema #ery much. 6he has no lessons and no homework on 6aturdays* so she always goes to the cinema that afternoon. 6he !refers funny films* ,ut often she sees other kinds of films. 6he usually goes with some of her school/friends* and they all sit together and eat nuts and ice/cream and laugh when something funny ha!!ens. They are always #ery ha!!y at the cinema. 8ast 6aturday Mary saw a film a,out a funny man. His name was ercy. ercy was fat and had a ,ig* ,lack moustache. He went out one night to !lay cards with his friends when his wife was aslee!. When he was going home at midnight* a dog ran after him and tore his trouser !ocket* so ercy lost his key. He tried to clim, u! a ladder to get into his house through a window* ,ut he sli!!er down the ladder and made a terri,le noise. His wife woke u! and cried* 3Hel!+ Thie#es+3 6omeone tele!honed the !olice and a truck full of !olicemen arri#ed. ercy ran away* ,ut he sli!!ed and fell into the mud at the side of the ri#er. Mary and her friends laugher' a lot. Self check /. *ill in the gaps with prepositions: The other day " made u! my mind to go ... the !ictures to see a detecti#e. According ... the news!a!er re#iews the film !romisei to ,e interesting. " know that my cousin 'ack is keen ... detecti#es so yesterday e#ening " rang him u! and in#ited him to come ... me He acce!ted my in#itation willingly. We agreed to meet ... the cine ma ... =.7D. When 0 arri#ed ... the cinema " found 'ack waiting me. There were many !eo!le ... the ,o>/ office and we had to stand ... the 2ueue ... a,out 4D minutes. We were lucky to ge' tickets ... the ? o'clock show. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: . p[O [M \_POQ^h W_k_VOZ Q_SR_Xm. `Tk_PO O\OU_^^OPO* R k[O. {M ^_ YOk_Xm \YOQT[m W NT^O. `_eSOYRh ZM\Sm. c if_ ^_\NOSmNO ^_Q_Sm ^_ UMS W NT^O . L NT^O[_R[V_ }oO\NWR TQ_[ }^_\_^^M_ W_[VOZ eO VO ZR^i oT[k_S. 04D . oOn QViP if_ WTQ_S _PO. ]^ POWOVT[* k[O q[O aRZ_kR[_Sm^Mn zTSmZ. dO^_k^O* ZM ^_ QOSf^M eVOei\[T[m _PO. . {OPQR h NieSb QWR UTS_[R ^R WO\mZTkR\OWOn \_R^\. {_Uh i\[VRTWR_[ q[O WV_Zh. lR* \eR\TUO. g PQ_ ZM W\[V_[TZ\h/. lRWRn W\[V_[TZ\h i Z_^h W = kR\OW. . OVOXO. lO \NOVOn W\[V_kT. Fluency /. Answer the ollowing questions: Are you a keen cinema/goer- How often do you go to the cinema- Which of the Minsk cinemas do you like ,est- Why- Which do you !refer: to see a film on tele#ision or on

the screen in the regular cinema- Why- What kind of films do you !refer- Ha#e you seen any interesting films lately- When did you last go to the !ictures- What film did you seeWhat is the film a,out- Who starred in it- Bid you like the acting- Bid you en1oy the film- Which film im!ressed you greatly- Why- Who do you think is the ,est film director in our country- Which of his $her& films did you like ,est- Who is your fa#ourite actorAre you fond of Jrench films- Ha#e you seen any Jrench films this month- What do you think of Hollywood films- What is on at the cinema now- Are you going to the cinema this week- What are you going to see- Ha#e you read any re#iews on the film- Which do you !refer: cinema or theatre- Why- Bo you like to watch TG- What !rogramme do you !refer//. Spea& on: : a& your last #isit to the cinema ,& the film you liked ,est c& your fa#ourite actor $film director& ///. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. "n fact you don't often go out in the e#ening. As a rule you stay at home and watch tele#ision. 5ou are fond of it. 6o is your friend. At the moment you are discussing your fa#ourite TG !rogrammes. 4. )nce in a long while you ha#e made u! your mind to go to the cinema. There are se#eral films on. (ertainly you want to see a good one. 5our friend is a keen cinema/ goer* so he is 1ust the man to ask which film to see. 3riting Here is !art of a letter in which you write a,out a film you ha#e seen recently. 'im and " went to see 3Gone with the Wind3 last Tuesday e#ening. "t was on at the )deon. We en1oyed it #ery much. "t's* an old film ,ut the cinema was full. $" always en1oy seeing old films . don't you- . and this is a #ery good one.& Gi#ien 8eigh is so ,eautiful as 6carlett )'Hara. 6he was a wonderful actress. And (lark Ga,le is so good as Rhett :utler. He was a wonderful actor. " en1oyed the film when " first saw it twenty/two years ago and " en1oyed it again last night. 5ou must see it. 3rite a paragraph in the same way to suit an old or a modern ilm you have )ust seen. H9"TC )RA!!ARG #9HECT C"AUSES( REP#RTE SPEEC%( SE8UENCE #F TENSES Illustrative Situations " think $that& he s!eaks Fnglish. they are !laying chess now. he came on time. she was skating at =. they ha#e seen this film. she has ,een waiting long. he will !hone me tonight. they will ,e lea#ing soon. he'll ha#e done the work ,y ?. 6im!le resent resent (ontinuous 6im!le ast ast (ontinuous resent erfect resent erfect (ont 6im!le Juture Juture (ontinuous Juture erfect Cther introductory phrases o ten used in the principal clause: " ,elie#e* " su!!ose* " know* " ho!e* " am sure* " am afraid* " see* " remem,er* " understand* He says* 6he has told us* He will say* etc. he knows Jrench. she is still ty!ing. he was at the cinema yesterday. 0 wonder if you were watching TG last night* $whether& they ha#e seen him.

he has ,een working hard. he will ,e at home at 0D. she will ,e lea#ing tonight. Cther #ntroductory phrases o ten used in the principal clause "'d like to know* " don't know* "'m not sure* 6he doesn't understand* "'#e no ideaI He doesn't remem,er* " can't tell you* 6he asks* He wonders* He has asked* 6he will ask* etc. 044 where she li#es'- what they are doing now- when he was in 8ondon last(an you tell me what he was doing at < yesterdayhow long she has ,een here- since when she has ,een waiting for me- how he will get there- where they will ,e tra#ellingCther introductory phrases o ten used in the principal clause: Bo you know* Bo you understand* Boes she remem,er* Will you ask him* Has he told you* etc. whose ,ook it is. who is !laying the !iano. when she saw eter last. Tell me what Bick was doing at ?. Ask her if 'ane has ,rought the records. how long she has ,een ty!ing. if they will come. what they will ,e doing at C. Practice /. As& a(out another person. Aegin your questions with: # wonder2 #'d li&e to &now2 # want to &now: e.g. . Eate is a student. . " wonder whether Mary is a student* too. 0. eter doesn't !lay chess. 4. Alec has seen ihis film. 7. 8ucy s!eaks Jrench. ;. Bick went fishing on 6unday. <. 'ane won't take !art in the e>!edition. =. 6te#e is not keen on !o! music. ?. Roger has a car. A. Jrank s!eaks "talian. C. aul will 1oin us. 0D. " ha#e a ,oat. 00. 6usan is fond of theatre. 04. Mike says :etty has come. 07. Gictor will go a,road ne>t month. //. As& or additional in ormation: e/g. . Ro,ert has left for Moscow* $why& . " wonder why Ro,ert has left for Moscow. 0 8ucy dines at 4. $where& 4. 'ane has ,rought some dictionaries* $what dictionaries& 7. He doesn't want to corne. $why& ;. We'#e got a lot of time* $how much& <. He recei#es many news!a!ers* $what news!a!ers& =. :etty saw Alec not long ago. $when& e/g/ . 6te#e is a 1ournalist* $his wife& . Bo you know if his wife is also a 1ournalist047 0. Gictor works at a !lant. *$Mike& 4. Mr :rown is at home $his son& 7. There is a cinema in the street* $a theatre& ;. They rest at the seaside* $the :lacks& <. Mr 6mith stayed at a hotel. $Mr Morgan& e.g. . 6he has lunch at 04. $where& . Bo you know where she has lunch- 0. 6he doesn't like him. $why& 4. They'll lea#e soon* $when& 7. 6ome,ody has ,ooked the tickets* $who& ;. 6he was late. $wh <. They will ,e resting in 'une* $where& ///. /a&e up complex sentences using the given phrases: e.g. Helen knows Fnglish well. $"'m sure& "'m sure Helen knows Fnglish well. 0. 6he has missed the train. $"'m afraid& 4. They took a ,us in Eing street. $They say& 7. 6he goes to work ,y Metro. $" know& ;. Where has Tom gone- $Bo you know...-& <. What's the time- $" wonder& =. 6he has lost her way. $"'m afraid& ?. Where did you !ark your car- $(an't you remem,er...-& A. 6he will go sho!!ing tomorrow. $" su!!ose& C. They won't ,e late. $" ho!e& 0D. Why was Mary a,sent on Monday- $Bo you know...-&

00. Why didn't Ann come to the !arty- $" don't know& 04. Where does 'ack li#e- $Ha#e you any idea..-& 07. 6he has ,een waiting for an hour. $6he says& 0;. When did they arri#e- $Bo you know...-& 0<. Where does she work- $"'#e no idea& 0=. What 2ualifications do " need- $" want to know& 0?. Where can " change some money/ 0 $(ould you tell me...-& 0A. What does this word mean- $Bo you know...-& 0C. Why didn't he !hone us- $" wonder& 4D. " was watching TG at 0D. $" remem,er& #$. As& or additional in ormation: e.g. . Mary says Alec will come soon* $when& . Ask her when he will come. 0. Bick says he has ,ought some interesting ,ooks* $wha ,ooks& 4. 6he says she won't 1oin us. $why& 7. He says she P ha#ing dinner now. $where& ;. He says he was late. $win <. 6he says they were at the theatre* $when& $. Respond to the ollowing questions: e.g. . "s she ,ored. " don't know. 5ou ask her if she's ,ored. 0. Has she got any ,rothers- 4. (an she dri# e- 7. Boes she s!ea 6!anish- ;. Boes she like watching tele#ision- <. Bid she go out la night- =. Has she e#er met the ueen- ?. Will she ,e at school t morrow- A. Where did he ,uy his watch- C. Who did he s!eak to la/night- 0D. What has she done today- 00. How many children ha. 04; they got- '4. Why must he go to the !olice station- 07. How old is h_- 0;. How much did she !ay for her car$#. As& or additional in ormation. Aegin your questions with: %o you &now...H ,an you tell me...H %o you remem(er...H eg u Gictor studies at school. . Bo you know at what school he studies0. 'ack didn't come to the !arty. 4. My ,rother was at the cinema yesterday. 7. My friend is going a,road soon. ;. My hus,and left for Eie# yesterday. <. Mike has ,rought some records. =. Helen missed the lecture on 6aturday. ?. " saw eter not long ago. $##. Say that you don't &now the answer to the questions you are as&ed. Aegin your answers with: #'ve no idea...2 # can't tell you...2 # don't &now ...2 # don't remem(er...2 #'m not sure...: e.g. . Where does Bick li#e. "'#e no idea where he li#es. 0. Why didn't he come- 4. Which Fnglish word has most meanings- 7. "s that a cactus or what- ;. Where did ycu rest in 0CA=- <. Will 6te#e come to the !arty- =. Who wrote the story 3Three at Ta,le3- ?. Where is Mary- A. What games does your friend !refer$###. Respond to the ollowing questions: e.g. 3What's that girl's name-3 3" don't know.3 3Ask her.3 All right. "'ll ask her what her name is. 0. 3Where does she come from-3 3" don't know3. 3Ask her.3 4. 3What are those ,oys doing-3 3" don't know 3 3Ask them.3 7. 3Why are they still in the classroom-3 3" don't know.3 3Ask them.3 ;. 3How do you s!ell 3recei#e3-3 3" don't know3. 3Ask the teacher3. <. 3Where did 'ohn get that car from-3 3" don't know.3 3Ask him3. =. 3How much did it cost-3 3" don't know.3 3Ask him3. ?. 3When will the !arty end-3 30 don't know.3 3Ask (harles.3 #+. ,omplete the sentences: 0. "'m afraid... 4. Are you sure...- 7. He thinks ... ;. They don't know ... <. (an you tell me...- =. " ho!e... ?. :o, says... 3 "'m not sure... C. Bo you know...- 0D. Bo you understand...- 00/ " don't remem,er... 'l4. Tell him... 07. Ask her... 0;. He asks... 0<. " w'onder... 0=. Bo you remem,er...- 0?. "'d like to know... 0A/ " don't think... 0C. " su!!ose... 4D. Will you ask him...- 40. " ,e/ A3. Iou are ma&ing a phone call. Iou want to spea& to Sue (ut 04< she #sn't there. Someone else answers the phone. Iou want to &now three things: 0. Where has she gone- 4 When will she ,e ,ack- 7. Bid she go out alone' ,omplete the conversation:

0. 3Bo you know...-3 36orry. "'#e got no idea.3 4 39e#er mind " don't su!!ose you know... .3 39o* "'m afraid " don't.3 7. 3)ne more thing. Bo you ha!!en to know...-3 3"'m afraid " didn't see her go out.3 Re+orte- s+eech (+resent) /. Report2 the ollowing utterances: e.g. eter: "'m fond of !laying tennis. eter says he is fond of !laying tennis. 0. Mr 6mith: My son has tra#elled a lot. 4. 'ack: They are staying at the Minsk hotel 7. Mrs :a>ter: "'ll ,ook a return ticket ;. Helen: "'m going to take my Fnglish e>am tomorrow. <. Roger/Mike hasn't #isited us since 6e!tem,er. =. Mary: We didn't go to the country on 6unday* e.g. Bick: "s 8ucy marriedBick asks if $whether& 8ucy is married. 0. 6am to eter: Bo you often #isit your !arents- 4. George to his ,rother: Are you going to take a ta>i- 7. 'ane to Mary: Bid you go away on ,usiness last month- ;. :o, to 6usan: Will you comr to the meeting- <. Eate to :etsy: Bo you like coffee- =. Bonald to Roger: Bid you see :rian yesterday- ?. Mrs 6mith to her children: Are you ha!!y- A. 5our teacher to you: Bo you work hard at Fnglish- C. Mike to his sister: (an you hel! me- e.g. Mary to you: 6ince when ha#e you known Mr Jo>- Mary asks since when " ha#e known Mr Jo>. 0. Ro,ert to you: Where will you s!end your holidays- 4. Mi :a>ter to Mr Ro,inson: Were you at the theatre yesterday- 7. Bo nald to his ,rother: When did you send the telegram- ;. 5oui father to you: Were you at home yesterday afternoon- <. Mi arker to his neigh,our: Ha#e you ,ought a car- =. 9ina to 8ucy. Why didn't you !hone me yesterday- ?. Mrs Ro,inson to her son Ha#e you done your homework- A. Mr 8ee to his secretary How many letters ha#e you ty!ed- C. Ann to Helen: Are you fond of tennis- 0D. Alec to Gictor: How long ha#en't you heard from your ,rother- 00 George to 6te#e: What were you doing yesterdaI afternoon- 04 Mary to her ,rother/ Will you ,e seeing eter today- 07. Mr :a>ter to Mr 6hort: Ha#e you signed the !a!ers #et04= //. /a&e up short dialogues: e.g. . The train is late. . What do you say. " say the train is late. e.g. . Are you fond of tra#elling. What do you ask. " ask whether you are fond of tra#elling* e.g. . Where do you li#e. What do you ask. " ask where you li#e Fluency /. Report .am's message: am wants to s!eak to 'ill on the !hone* ,ut 'ill is washing her hair. 6te#e shouts into the ,athroom. am: " shall ,e on my own at the weekend. 6te#e: "t's am+ 6he says... . am: 'eff's going to Manchester* and Eate's gone to stay with a friend. 6te#e: 6he says... am: And Mark went cam!ing yesterday. 6te#e: 6he says... am: 6o* if it's all right* "'d like to come and stay with you for the weekend. 6te#e: 6he says... 'ill: )h* yes* fine. Tell her "'d lo#e her to come. 6te#e: 'ill says ... . //. Listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Roleplay the conversations. 0. This is the Radio " 9ewsdesk. "n Borset* a helico!ter is trying to rescue a man who has fallen down a cliff. He's lying on a small ,each. An air/sea rescue helico!ter has arri#ed at the scene* and one of the crew has clim,ed down a ladder to the ,each. He's s!eaking to a doctor ,y radio. (rewman: Hello. (an you hear me* doctor- Boctor: 5es* " can hear you clearly "s he unconscious- (rewman: 9o* he's

conscious. :ut he looks !retty ,ad. Boctor: ]. d/ Ask him if he can mo#e. (rewman: (an you mo#e- Man: 9o... Boctor/ Ask him if he is in !ain. (rewman: Are you in !ain04? Man: )h... yes... Boctor: Ask him where it hurts. (rewman: Where does it hurtMan: "t's my ,ack. Boctor: Right. Bon't mo#e him. "'m coming down. 4. Jrank Aitken is the editor of the Baily 9ews. He's sending trainee 1ournalist to inter#iew the American singer* :o, 6onata. 39ow* "'#e arranged the inter#iew for four o'clock... at h hotel. Ask him lots of 2uestions. 5ou know... ask him if he liki Fngland. Ask him what his ne>t record will ,e* when he recorde it... and ask him where. Ask him all the usual 2uestions... ,i don't... don't ask him how old he is. ]. E.-3 7. Grandmother: Read 'immy's card to me !lease* Mary. Mary: " ha#e 1ust arri#ed in 6cotland and "'m staying a 5outh Hostel. Grandmother: Fh- Mary: He says he's 1ust arri#ed in 6cotland. He sa he's staying at a 5outh Hostel. 5ou know he's mem,er of the 5. H. A. Grandmother: The what- Mary: The 5. H. A.* mother. The 5outh Hostels Association. Grandmother: What else does he say- Mary: "'ll write a letter soon. " ho!e you are all well. Grandmother: What- 6!eak u!* Mary. "'m afraid " can't he*/ you. Mary: He says he'll write a letter soon. He ho!es are all well. 38o#e* 'immy3. Grandmother: "s that all- He doesn't say #ery much* does he' Mary: He can't write #ery much on a card* mother. Questions: What is 'immy doing at the moment- Where is + staying- What else does he say;. Harry: How was the e>amination* BickBick: 9ot too ,ad. " think " !assed in Fnglish and Mathem i tics. The 2uestions were #ery easy. How a,out yoi HarryHarry: The Fnglish and Maths !a!ers weren't easy enough f' me. " ho!e " ha#en't failed. Bick: " think " failed the "ntelligence Test. " could ansu si>teen of the 2uestions. They were #ery easy. :ut couldn't answer the rest. They were too difficult for rr ! Harry: "ntelligence tests are awful* aren't theyBick: " hate them "'m sure "'#e got a low ". . Harry: )h* cheer u!+ erha!s we didn't do too ,adly. The fell' '/ # ne>t to me wrote his name at the to! of the !a!t' 04A Bick/ 5esHarry: Then he sat there and looked at it for three hours' He didn't write a word 0 Questions: What does Bick think of the results of his e>am- 1s Harry sure he has !assed his e>amination successfully- How did Bick find the "ntelligence TestSelf check /. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. ^[_V_\^O* PQ_ O^T OUMk^O eVOWOQh[ O[ei\N. 4. c QiZRb* k[O O^R _s_ ^_ eVT_YRSR. 7. c ^RQ_b\m* k[O O^ ^_ OeOaQR_[ ^R eO_aQ* YO[h O^ eOaQ^O WM_YRS ^R WONaRS. ;. c eOZ^b* k[O _aQTS W NOZR^QTVOWNi W \_^[hUV_ < ^[_V_\^O* UiQ_[ ST O^ WM\[ieR[m ^R \OUVR^TT. =. ]^R POWOVT[* k[O ^_ SbUT[ [_R[V. ?. c ^_ a^Rb* NOPQR O^T W_V^i[\h. A. ]^ POWOVT[* k[O Wk_VR OeOaQRS ^R S_NTb. C. ]^R YOk_[ a^R[m* W NRNOn PO\[T^T_ O^T O\[R^OWTST\m. 0D. ]^R POWOVT[* k[O eV_eOQR_[ R^PSTn\NTn if_ 4D S_[. 00. ]^ \eVRXTWR_[* eOk_Zi [M _Zi ^_ aWO^T[m. 04. {M ^_ a^R_Xm* NOPQR eO_aQ eVTUMWR_[ W LRVXRWi- 07. {M eOZ^TXm* PQ_ ZM O[QMYRST W 0CAD POQi- 0;. rOb\m* k[O O^T ^_ i\e_ST ^R X_\[TkR\OWOn eO_aQ. 0<. jeVO\T __* NOPQR O^R eVTQ_[. 0=.

jNRfT _Zi* PQ_ O^R fTW_[. 0?. c ^_ a^Rb* eOk_Zi OU_V[ Z^_ ^_ eTX_[. 0A. c ^_ iW_V_^* iWTfi ST h __ aRW[VR. 0C. LM ^_ a^R_[_* _\[m ST eOk[R ^_QRS_NO O[\bQR- 4D. c QiZRb* k[O O^R ^Re_kR[R_[ QONiZ_^[M N eh[T kR\RZ. 40. c ^_ TZ_b ^T ZRS_nX_PO eV_Q\[RWS_^Th* k_Z O^ aQ_\m aR^TZR_[\h. 44. rOb\m* k[O O^R aRUSiQTSR\m SE8UENCE #F TENSES Illustrative Situations /. Study these example situations: 0. 5esterday e#ening when " returned from work my friend !honed me. He said he had a s!are ticket for a concert and in#ited me to 1oin him. :ut " answered that " was too tired and didn't want to go anywhere. 4. . 'ane is lea#ing for the (aucasus tonight. . :ut she said she wanted to go to the (rimea. . 6he has changed her mind 7. . Why didn't you call on me yesterday e#ening. " didn't know you were at home. ;. 5esterday on my way home " met Mary. 6he was in a hurry. " thought she was hurrying to the "nstitute ,ut she said she was 04C going to the station to meet a friend of hers who was coming ,y the C o'clock train. <. 8ast 6unday the weather was fine. " knew that my uncle would go to the country. " rang him u! and said that " would also come with him. He said he would start in an hour and asked me not to ,e late. " !romised that " would ,e at his !lace in half an hour. We en1oyed the time we s!ent in the country that day =. A week ago my daughter asked me to take her to the circus. " !romised that we would go there on the ne>t day )n the following day " took her to the circus. ?. . " thought you were going to call on me last night. Why didn't you- . " didn't know Mary would come to #isit me ,ut she did. A. 8ast week on my way home " met George. He said he would ,e lea#ing for Moscow in an hour. C. 8ast month " saw Alec. He looked #ery sun,urnt. He said he'd s!ent a month in the south. 0D. . :etty told me some days ago that Mike had got married. . Wasn't she 1oking. " don't think so. 00. When " entered 'ane's room yesterday " saw that her eyes were red. " understood that she had ,een crying. 04. When " called on my friend the other day he was writing a re!ort. He said he had ,een working at it for a month. Illustrative Te,ts /. Listen to the text2 read it and analyse the use o tenses. Reproduce the text. The secretary told me that Mr Harmsworth would see me. " felt #ery ner#ous when " went into his office. He did not look u! from his desk when " entered. After " had sat down* he said that ,usiness was #ery ,ad. He told me that the firm could not afford to !ay such large salaries. Twenty !eo!le had already left. " knew that my turn had come. 3Mr Harmsworth3* " said in a weak #oice. 3Bon't interru!t3* he said. Then he smiled and told me " would recei#e an e>tra t 0DDD a year+ //. Listen to another text. .ay attention to the di erence in the use o tenses in the original and reported utterances. Reproduce the text. 8aura :ruce is a trainee re!orter for the 38ondon F#ening Fcho3. 8ast week se#eral famous !eo!le arri#ed at 8ondon Air!ort. 07D 8aura was sent to inter#iew them. 9o,ody told her #ery much+ %octor Sowanso2 Secretary 8eneral2 !5C: 3"'m #ery ,usy. "'#e got a lot of a!!ointments. " can't say #ery much. " lo#e Fngland "'#e ,een here many times ,efore. " en1oyed my #isit in 'anuary. "'ll only ,e in Fngland for

twel#e hours. "'m going to meet the rime Minister. " ha#e no other comments.3 Laura's Report Br 6owanso #isited Fngland yesterday. He arri#ed at 8ondon Air!ort at 0D a.m. and we asked him to comment on the international situation. He 1ust made a ,rief statement. He said he was #ery ,usy* and that he'd got a lot of a!!ointments. He said he couldn't say #ery much* ,ut he said he lo#ed Fngland. He said that he had ,een here many times* and that he had en1oyed his #isit in 'anuary. He said he would ,e in Fngland for only twel#e hours* and that he was going to meet the rime Minister. He said he had no other comments. Arutus 8ray2 world champion (oxer: 3" like news!a!er re!orters* ,ut " ha#en't got time to say much. 'ust that "'m the greatest* "'#e always ,een the greatest and " always will ,e the greatest. " can ,eat any,ody in the world+ "'#e ,eaten 8eo Jink ,efore. " knocked him out in Miami* and "'m going to knock him out in 6ao aulo. "'ll ,e the cham!ion fore#er+ F>cuse me...3 Laura's Report :rutus Gray sto!!ed at 8ondon Air!ort on his way from Jrankfurt to 6ao aulo. " managed to see him in the G. ". . lounge. :rutus was in a hurry. He said he liked news!a!er re!orters* ,ut he hadn't got time to say much. He said he was the greatest* he had always ,een the greatest* and he always would ,e the greatest. He said he could ,eat any,ody in the world. He also said he had ,eaten 8eo Jink ,efore. He said he had knocked Jink out in Miami* and that he was going to knock him out in 6ao aulo. He also said he would ,e the cham!ion fore#er+ Practice /. ,omplete the ollowing utterances using the words prompted. "xpress: a& a simultaneous action e.g. " didn't want to !hone Mary at that late hour. " knew she $go to ,ed early&. " didn't want to !hone Mary at that late hour. " knew she went to ,ed early. 0. " decided not to in#ite Mike to the theatre. " remem,ered he 070 $not* like o!era&. 4. " ga#e that stam! to eter. He said he $collect stam!s&. 7. We made u! our minds to s!end the holidays in the mountains. We thought it $,e a great idea&. ;. We sent a ticket to Mr 6mith. We knew he $,e keen on ,allet&. <. My ,rother wanted to see that film. He said that many good actors $star in it&. =. We were not sure aul would find Mary. We were afraid he $not* know her address&. ?. " didn't introduce 'ack to Helen. " was sure they $know each other& ,ut it a!!eared they didn't* e.g. " couldn't talk to Helen when " met her on my way to the su!ermarket. 6he said she $hurry to the cinema&. " couldn't talk to Helen when " met her on my way to the su!ermarket. 6he said she was hurrying to the cinema. 0. The etro#s were away. We learned that they $tra#el in the (aucasus&. 4. 6he stayed in the whole e#ening. 6he said she $e>!ect guests&. 7. " saw Andrew at the ,us/sto! some minutes ago. He said he $wait for 'ane&. ;. When " !honed Gictor the other day he was out. His sister told me he $!lay tennis in the !ark&. <. " met 'udy in the de!artment store. 6he said she $look for a winter coat&. =. When " came home yesterday my ,rother was ,usy. " saw that he $!ack his things&. ,& a !rior action e.g. " didn't think Mike would come with us. " knew he $see that !erformance ,efore&. " didn't think Mike would come with us. " knew he had seen that !erformance ,efore. 0. When " came to the station " saw my cousin. " understood that he $miss the A o'clock train&. 4. F#ery,ody !raised the film. Mary was sorry she $not* see it&. 7. "t was raining hard. Mrs arker regretted that she $not* take an um,rella&. ;. My ,rother called on me yesterday. He said he $,uy tickets for the match&. <. " was sur!rised that :etsy didn't know the news. " was sure her hus,and $tell her e#erything&. =. Harry didn't come to the !arty. We thought he $not* recei#e our in#itation&. ?. " couldn't translate the article yesterday. "t a!!eared " $lea#e my dictionary at the "nstitute&. A. 6he couldn't get into the flat. 6he said she $lose her key& e.g. Ann was angry with Andrew. 6he said she $wait for half an hour&.

Ann was angry with Andrew. 6he said she had ,een waiting for half an hour. 0. Alice was ,usy yesterday. 6he said she$ty!e all day long&. 4. 'ack was ha!!y that he had got a ticket. He said he $stand in a 2ueue for two hours&. 7. When " called on my friend yesterday he was writing an article. He said he $work at it for two months&. ;. 0 was sorry that eter had failed his e>am. " knew that he $!re!are for it for a long time&. <. The meeting was o#er at last. " looked 074 at my watch and saw that we $discuss the !roduction !lan for two hours&. =. Mother looked #ery tired when " returned home this afternoon. 6he said she $clean the flat&. c& a !osterior action e.g. " was out when my friend dro!!ed in. " didn't think he $come so early&. " was out when my friend dro!!ed in. " didn't think he would come so early. 0. )n Jriday " saw 8ucy. " learned she $go a,road soon&. 4. 9ick didn't want to stay at his relati#es'. He said he $!ut u! at a hotel&. 7. " felt worried. " was afraid 'ane $,e late&. ;. There were a lot of good actors in the cast. " thought that the film $,e interesting&. <. 'ohn came ,y train. " was sure he $fly&. =. The task was too difficult for me. My friend !romised he $hel! me&. ?. aul had already seen the !lay. He was sure we $en1oy it&. e.g. Bick couldn't come with us. He said he $!lay tennis in the e#ening&. Bick couldn't come with us. He said he would ,e !laying tennis in the e#ening. 0. Mary didn't want to go out. 6he said she $watch TG the whole day&. 4. 6usan said she would ,e ,usy on 6aturday. " was sure she $sho! all day long&. 7. We didn't in#ite 'ohn for the !icnic. We knew he $work in the li,rary on 6unday&. ;. " wanted to #isit Helen yesterday ,ut then " changed my mind. " remem,ered that she $#isit her !arents in the country&. <. My friend and " agreed to go to the !ictures yesterday e#ening. My friend said he $wait for me outside the cinema at =&. //. !se the ollowing sentences in situations: e.g. 6he said her son was running a high tem!erature. When " came to see my friend 'ane some days ago she looked worried 6he said her son was running a high tem!erature. They sent for a doctor. The doctor came and said it was flue. 0. " didn't ho!e " would get a room at the hotel. 4. " saw that he was ,usy. 7. " ho!ed that he would hel! me. ;. " understood that he had missed his train. <. " knew that she had finished her work. =. " saw that he was s!eaking to the chief. ?. " learned that he hadn't come yet. A. 6he said she had a terri,le headache. C. He said he had ,een waiting for me for an hour. 0D. He told me he would ,e doing his homework in the e#ening. "". He said he had already ,een there. 04. 6he !romised she would send me a telegram. 07. He said he couldn't 1oin us. 100 Fluency /. Listen to the ollowing texts2 read and reproduce them: 0. 8ast Jriday Mr Hanson told his wife* 'ane* that he would not ,e coming early that e#ening. He said that he had se#eral ,usiness matters to attend to at his office and they would take him two or three hours to finish. He ho!ed that she would not ,e too angr with him. He had had a lot of e>tra work to do during the !re#ious three weeks and he had not ,een a,le to com!lete it. 'ane said that she didn't mind if Mr Hanson was late. 6he would go ne>t door and talk to her friends* Fric and Flisa,eth Grey. 4. )nce a mother and her two daughters were #isiting 8ondon While they were doing sightseeing they saw a notice/,oard with 39ational icture Gallery3 on it. The girls said they wanted to go in as they had ne#er ,een in any !icture gallery. They were sure they would en1oy it. :ut their mother didn't think so. 6he said she had #isited a !icture gallery and knew what it was like. 6he e>!lained to the girls that they would not see any 3real !ictures3 $mo#ies she meant&* ,ut !aintings* mere !aintings.

7. )nce an Fnglishman went to the seaside for his holidays He asked his housekee!er to !ost him all the letters that sh would recei#e during his a,sence. 6he !romised him to do that. The Fnglishman rested #ery well. A month !assed ,ut he didn't recei#e any letters. He thought that it was strange and he rang u! his housekee!er and asked her why she hadn't !osted his letters. The housekee!er told him that he had forgotten to lea#e her the key to the letter/,o>. The Fnglishman !romised that he would send hei the key. 6ome days later he !ut the key into an en#elo!e* wrote down his address on it and !osted the letter. Another month was !assing. :ut still he didn't recei#e any letters. Then at the end D0 the month he returned home. He s!oke angrily with his housekee!er 3:ut what could " do-3 she said. 3The key which you !osted was in the locked letter/,o>* too.3 ;. When Mr 8ong* the Minister of Fducation* was asked a,out the school/lea#ing age again at a !ress conference yesterday* he said that there were still a large num,er of !ro,lems to ,e considered. )ne re!orter asked what the Go#ernment was going to do a,out children who wanted to go out and earn money at the age of 0= Mr. 8ong said that he realised a lot of young !eo!le wanted to stand on their own two feet early in life* and he thought this was #ery good. :ut he added that he felt young !eo!le needed as much education as we could gi#e them so the Go#ernment #as seriously considering the raising the school/lea#ing age sometimt in the future. Self check /. !se the proper tense orms: 0. When the train $sto!& " $look& out of the window ,ut $not* see& any of my friends there. " $send& them a telegram and " $think& that they $meet& me. My friend Mike said that* !erha!s* they $wait& for us in the waiting/room. We $go& there ,ut $not* find& them there either. We $think& that something $ha!!en&. We $wait& for half an hour and then we $understand& that they $not* come&. 8ater our friends told us they $recei#e& our telegram ten minutes ,efore the train time and $not* can& meet us. 4. When " came to eter's !lace yesterday " learned that he $go& to the air!ort to meet a friend of his who $come& ,y the C o'clock !lane. 7. A week ago " $go& to a restaurant. " $take& a seat at one of the ta,les and $look& through the menu. Then a waiter $come& and asked me if " $choose& anything. " said " $choose& a tomato salad* a cho! and ,lack coffee. " also said " $take& an orange. ;. Alice said that she $en1oy& her last tri! a,out the (rimea and she $s!end& her ne>t holidays in one of the seaside towns in the (aucasus. <. 6ome days ago " $offer& Helen a ticket for a new film ,ut she refused. 6he $say& that she $ha#e a headache& and $not* want& to go anywhere. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. Lk_VR W_k_VOZ Z^_ eOaWO^TS UVR[ T \eVO\TS* ^_ YOki ST h eOn[T W NT^O. c \OPSR\TS\h T ^_ UMS VRaOkRVOWR^. TSmZ Z^_ Ok_^m eO^VRWTS\h. 4. c ^RQ_hS\h* k[O h i\e_b ^R eO\S_Q^Tn eO_aQ* ^O h OeOaQRS. 7. Lk_VR eO QOVOP_ QOZOn h aRX_S N `TNOSRb. ]^ \NRaRS* k[O [OSmNO k[O eOSikTS [_S_PVRZZi O[ ZR[_VT T k_V_a kR\ eOnQ_[ ^R WONaRS W\[V_kR[m __. ; dOPQR h iWTQ_S `T^i* h eO^hS* k[O O^R k_Z/[O VR\\[VO_^R. ]^R \NRaRSR* k[O aRUOS_SR __ ZR[m. <. `R Q^hY h W\[V_[TS lfO^R. ]^ \NRaRS* k[O NieTS \_U_ ^OWMn RW[OZOUTSm. =. dOPQR h aRXSR N ZO_n eOQViP_* __ ZR[m \NRaRSR* k[O __ ^_[ QOZR: O^R \QR_[ qNaRZ_^* ^O \NOVO W_V^_[\h. ?. L Tb^_ ZM \ \_\[VOn i_afR_Z ^R dRWNRa. `RX UVR[ \NRaRS* k[O eVT\O_QT^T[\h N ^RZ* NRN [OSmNO \QR\[ qNaRZ_^. A. Lk_VR h eOeVO\TSR j[TWR eOkT^T[m i[bP. ]^ \NRaRS* k[O _PO fQi[ QViamh T O^ ^_ ZOf_[ eOZOkm Z^_. ]^ eOOU_sRS* k[O eOkT^T[ _PO \_POQ^h.. L eVOXSOZ Z_\h_ O^ OU_sRS eOkT^T[m ZOn W_SO\Te_Q* ^O [RN T ^_ \Q_SRS q[OPO.. `RQ_b\m* k[O ^R \_n VRa O^ \Q_VfT[ \WO_ OU_sR^T_. C. c UMS iQTWS_^* NOPQR ia^RS* k[O OU_V[ ^_ \QRS qNaRZ_^. ]^ POWOVTS* k[O QOSPO N ^_Zi PO[OWTS\h. 0D |_[V \NR/ aRS* k[O UiQ_[ fQR[m Z_^h i WYOQR ^R \[RQTO^ T eVO\TS Z_^h ^_ OeRaQMWR[m. 101 102 U NIT 1I T) "(: T%EATRE ()MMH9"(AT")9: IN$ITATI#NS

TE'T( A $ISIT T# T%E T%EATRE )n the e#ening ,efore Roger :rown left Fngland he took his girlfriend Mary 6ummers to the theatre. There are o#er thirty theatres in 8ondon* each offering a different !lay* musical* re#ue or #ariety show. Roger studied the entertainment section in the news!a!er for a long time ,efore deciding which theatre to go to. F#entually he chose something gay and amusing . the stage !roduction of My Jair 8ady at the Brury 8ane Theatre. This musical !lay* ,ased on George :ernard 6haw's famous !lay* ygmalion* had ,een on for almost fi#e years. "t had ,een one of the greatest successes in the history of the theatre. Buring the first few years of its3run3 it had ,een #ery difficult to get tickets ,ut ,y the time Roger wanted to ,uy two the show was !laying to half/em!ty houses. Roger had ,ooked his tickets through a theatre ticket agency in 6haftes,ury A#enue* a long street in the West Fnd of 8ondon* famous ,acause most of 8ondon's theatres are located on the street itself or in the neigh,ourhood. The show ,egan at eight o'clock and Roger and Mary decided to ha#e a 2uick snack in a coffee/,ar ,efore the show and dinner in a restaurant afterwards. As Roger wanted the e#ening to ,e a memora,le one* he had reser#ed a ta,le for two at a famous night clu, and restaurant where they could not only eat fine food ,ut dance to a first/class orchestra. Roger had decided to ask Mary to marry him in a year's time. He wanted to !ro!ose to her in a romantic setting. He met Mary outside her office at <.7D. As the e#ening was fine they walked in 6t. 'ames' ark for an hour ,efore taking a ta>i to 6haftes,ury A#enue. There they soon found a !leasant coffee/,ar and had some coffee and cakes. At ?.7D they took another ta>i to Brury 8ane Theatre. They were shown to good seats in the front stalls and from there they could see e#ery !art of the stage. At fi#e minutes to eight mem,ers of the orchestra came into the orchestra !it and ,egan tuning their instruments. Then at A o'clock the house lights dimmed and the orchestra ,egan !laying the o#erture . a !iece of music that was to follow. Although the cast of the !lay had acted their !arts e#ery night for se#eral years* they had not lost any interest in the !lay and e#eryone ga#e an e>cellent !erformance. Mary was !articularly 07= delighted ,y the costumes and Roger who takes technical interest in all things commented on the cle#er lighting and the construction of the sets. Mary and Roger en1oyed the !erformance #ery much and a!!lauded enthusiastically at the end when the cast lined u! on the stage to take their curtain calls. )utside the theatre Roger hailed a ta>i and told the dri#er to take them to the 3:lack (at3 night clu,. 8ondon has many night clu,s* ,ut the 3:lack (at3 is one of the most famous and certainly the most e>!ensi#e. Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text and answer the questions: Where did Roger :rown take Mary 6ummers ,efore he left Fngland- What !lay did he choose- Was the !lay !o!ular with the !u,lic- What did Roger and Mary do ,efore the !lay ,egan- What was the !erformance like- Bid they en1oy it- Where did Roger and Mary go after the !erformance- Why did Roger reser#e a ta,le at the 3:lack (at3//. Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities o the text. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. S+ecial ifficulties /. Study these example situations: a& Richard West has a new 1o,. He has only one suit* an old grey one. His wife thinks he should ,uy a new suit. 3After all3* she says* 3you must make a good im!ression in your new 1o,3. 6he wants him to ,uy a new suit. 6he wants him to make a good im!ression in his new 1o,. ,& Two doctors ha#e 1ust finished e>amining a !atient. The !atient is a #ery ner#ous man who gets worried #ery easily. The doctors want to discuss his case and ha#e 1ust

gone outside his room. They don't want him to hear. They don't want him to get worried. The !atient* howe#er* is con#inced they ha#e gone outside for a different reason. He says this to himself: 3They don't want me to know how ill " am+3 //. /a&e up sentences using the prompts: e/g. my wife/some letters " can't go out tonight. My wife wants me to write some letters. 0. The ,oss/some e>tra work 4. My teacher/a com!osition 07? 7. My father/his car ;. My mother/the kitchen <. My teacher/a lecture on the radio =. My !arents/in the garden. ?. My friend/a s!ecial !rogramme on TG A. My younger ,rother/his homework. ///. /a&e up your own sentences a(out the ollowing situation: e.g. aula is a language student in Fngland. 6he is a long way away from home. Her family want her to do a lot of things* !erfect Fnglish. They want her to learn !erfect Fnglish. 0. a letter home e#ery week 4. three good meals a day 7. good marks in her tests ;. good clothes <. with a good Fnglish family =. home for (hristmas ?. lots of Fnglish !eo!le A. a good 1o, later #$. *ill in the gaps with prepositions - or- or -during0. He sat 2uietly ... a few minutes thinking of what to do ne>t. 4. " saw a lot of !laces of interest ... my 1ourney. 7. " went skiing only three times ... the winter and ha#en't !layed hockey the whole year. ;. We had to stand in front of the ticket window... more than an hour. ... that time few of the !eo!le went away. <. 6he can sit in the li,rary reading/room ... hours. =. ... my stay in Moscow " #isited se#eral e>hi,itions. ?. He is ill and will not come to the office ... a few days. A. We li#ed in this house ... 4< years. C. ... the ,reak we went to the dean's office. 0D. )ur tram sto!!ed ... < minutes at a small station. 00. My grandfather was slee!ing !eacefully ... the show. $. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. LTN[OV YOk_[* k[OUM h O[V_ZO^[TVOWRS _PO ZRXT^i. 4. c YOki* k[OUM [M eOaWO^TS `T^_ T eVTPSR\TS __ ^R W_k_V. 7. c ^_ YOki* k[OUM O^ eO_YRS \ ^RZT. ;. {M YOk_Xm* k[OUM h eOZOP [_U_- <. oM ^_ YO[_ST* k[OUM Q_[T NieRST\m W [RNib YOSOQ^ib eOPOQi. =. rVR[ YO[_S* k[OUM h aRNRaRS UTS_[M aRVR^__. Te,t E,ercises /. As& questions a(out a& the 8ondon theatres ,& the !lay Roger chose c& the way Mary and Roger s!ent the time ,efore the !erformance ,egan d& the !erformance and their im!ressions. //. Retell the text. 07A Conversation Practice Invitations a& How to in#ite others to do something $with you&: Would you like to Bo you want to How a,out Bo you feel like come to a !arty with me on 6aturday' coming to :righton with me tomorrow afternoon,& How to acce!t an in#itation: "'d lo#e to. "'d like to #ery much. That sounds like a good idea That sounds $nice/lo#ely/su!er&. That would ,e nice. )f course. With !leasure. Thank you $#ery much& c& How to turn down an in#itation !olitely: 9o* thank you. "'m afraid " can't "'m $awfully& sorry ,ut " can't.

d& How to acce!t an in#itation and ask for further details: 5es* $"'d lo#e to& ,ut where e>actly- what time- when e>actly- which daye& How to turn down an in#itation ,ut suggest an alternati#e time or day: )h* dear* " can't $on Jriday&. :ut another time !erha!s"'m afraid "'m ,usy then. (an't you make it another day/time < "'m sorry ,ut " can't $tomorrow&. Boes Tuesday suit you"'m afraid $Jriday's& a ,it difficult What a,out another dayf& How to !ersist with an in#itation to try to !ersuade others to change their minds: "f a !erson turns down your in#itation* you can always !ersist if and try to make him change his mind. Here are some !hrases you can use: 07C )h* come on. Are you sure you can't)h* surely you can+ "t should ,e fun/interesting. " !romise it'll ,e fun. 'ust for me* ehg& How to gi#e in to !ersuasion: )h* all right then* #ery well* as you wish. i& How to resist !ersuasion !olitely: 9o* honestly* " really can't* it's really im!ossi,le. Conversation 1 "t is Tuesday e#ening. 'oanna has 1ust come home from work when the !hone rings. 'oanna: Hello* <=40. 6imon: Hello* 'o. "t's me . 6imon. Bo you remem,er . from the !arty'oanna: )h* yes* of course. Hello* 6imon. 6imon: 8isten* 'o* " was wondering if you were doing anything on 6aturday afternoon- 'oanna: Fr ... 6aturday6imon: )nly* if not* would you like to come to 6tratford for the day- They say 3The Merchant of Genice3 is really mar #ellous+ 'oanna: 5es* "'d lo#e to* ,ut wait a minute . "'ll 1ust check in m diary. $6he looks through her diary.& Hello- 6imon: 5es'oanna: "'m awfully sorry* 6imon* ,ut my mother's coming down from Fdin,urgh and "'#e !romised to go sho!!ing with her on 6aturday afternoon. 6imon: )h* that's a !ity+ :ut can't you go sho!!ing another da' 'oanna: 9o* "'m afraid not. My mother's only staying for a few days. 6imon: :ut do you really ha#e to go with her- (an't she go on her own'oanna: Well* she's ,uying a coat and wants me to go along arid hel! her choose it. "'ll ha#e to go with her. 6he's ,een looking forward to it for weeks. 6imon: Ah well* another time !erha!s'oanna: 5es* fine. 8ook* why not the weekend after ne>t- "t's still on then* isn't it 7 0;D 6imon: 5es* " think so. A week on 6aturday* then. "'ll !ick you u! at a,out 4 o'clock. ]. d.- 'oanna: 5es* lo#ely. Thank you. " look forward to it. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: Who is calling 'oanna- Where does 6imon in#ite 'oanna to- Why can't she acce!t his in#itation- What do they agree u!on//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: |O\SiXRn* lfO* T^[_V_\^O* k[O [M \OUTVR_Xm\h Q_SR[m W \iUUO[i- `_ YO[_SR UM [M eO_YR[m W j[VR[zOVQ- xOWOVh[ ... . o^_ UM Ok_^m YO[_SO\m ... . c [OSmNO eVOW_Vb eO Q^_W^TNi. o^_ Ok_^m fRSm. `_ ZOPST UM WM eOn[T aR eONieNRZT W QViPOn VRarOb\m* k[O ^_[. `_ ZOf_[ ST O^R \YOQT[m \RZR- ]^R fQRSR q[OPO ^_Q_ShZT. oOf_[ UM[m W \S_QibsTn VRa- |V_NVR\^O. c aR_Qi aR [OUOn W QWR kR\R. Qi \ ^_[_Ve_^T_Z.

oOh ZR[m eVOUiQ_[ i Z_^h [OSmNO ^_\NOSmNO Q^_n. #$. Act out the conversation. $. Accept the invitations: 0. Would you like to come to 6tratford on 6aturday afternoon- 4. Bo you want to ha#e lunch with me tomorrow- 7. How a,out #isiting the 6!ace Museum with me on 6aturday- ;. Bo you feel like seeing the film at the la@a with me tomorrow- <. Bo you feel like coming for a dri#e- =. Would you like to 1oin me$#. 1urn down the invitations politely: 0. Would you like to see 3Hamlet3 with me ne>t Thursday- 4. Bo you want to go to the country with me tomorrow- 7. Bo you feel like #isiting the new art gallery on 6aturday;. How a,out coming round to my !lace tonight- <. What a,out ha#ing dinner with me some time ne>t week- =. Bo you feel like going to the !ictures with me tomorrow$##. #nvite your riend to: na#e dinner with youI go to the dance with you on JridayI go on a !icnic with youI come round for a meal on (hristmas F#eI 1oin you for golf on JridayI listen to your new recordsI go for a walk with youI hear 3(armen3 with youI !lay chess with you* etc. 5our friend will acce!t or turn down the in#itation. 0;0 $###. Learn the dialogues. /a&e up similar dialogues: 0. . Would you like to come with me to the cinema tonight. "'d lo#e to* ,ut honestly " can't. . )h* come on. 'ust for me* eh. )h* #ery well. 'ust for you. 4. . Would you like to come fishing with me on Wednesday. )h dear* " can't on Wednesday. (an't you make it another day. What a,out Thursday* then. 5es* Thursday's fine. Thank you #ery much. 7. . Bo you feel like coming to the !u, with me tonight. )h dear+ "'m afraid " can't. "'#e already arranged to go somewhere tonight. . Ah well. Another time* !erha!s. 5es* fine. ;. . How a,out meeting me after work tomorrow. 5es* "'d lo#e to* ,ut what time e>actly. A,out <.7D. . 5es* fine. 6ee you tomorrow then. <. . Bo you feel like going to the cinema. That sounds like a good idea. Thank you. . 8et's make it =.7D at your !lace. . That'll ,e ).E. ,y me. =. . Would you like to come to the Tate with me. Fr... When e>actly. )n Jriday afternoon. ConversationJ Mrs Miller: Bo you like musicals* MonicaMonica: 5es* ,ut " !refer classical !lays. WhyMrs Miller: Well* there's a new one at the rince of Wales. "t's had #ery good re#iews. Monica: What do they say a,out it- Mrs Miller: The 6unday Time says it's ,rilliant and the 6unday Mirror says it is e>citing. Monica: That's not ,ad. "t sounds 2uite good ,ut " think "'d rather see something more serious. Mrs Miller: How a,out this one thenMonica: Which one* . *. T; Mrs Miller/ This one here. "t's a thriller* ,y Agatha (hristie. "t must ,e good. "t's ,een on for o#er twenty/fi#e years. Monica: " still think "'d !refer a more serious !lay. Mrs Miller: All right. "'ll ha#e another look. Bo you like :ernard 6haw0;4

Monica: Ah+ That sounds ,etter. Who's in itMrs Miller: " don't know* ,ut it is staged ,y the Royal 6hakes!eare Theatre (om!any* so it's going to ha#e some good actors in it. Monica: That should ,e all right. Bo they ha#e any matinee !erformancesMrs Miller: 5es* on Wednesday and 6aturday afternoons. Monica: " think "'ll ,ook u! for that then. Mrs Miller: And " su!!ose you'd like to see some 6hakes!eare !lays* wouldn't youMonica: 5es* #ery much. What !lays are on- Mrs Miller: 3Romeo and 'uliet3* 3Twelfth 9ight3'* 3Richard """3 and* ah* " think you'd like this: 38o#e's 8a,ours 8ost3 in Regent ark. Monica: Regent ark- Mrs Miller: 5es* they ha#e a theatre in the !ark* all in the o!en. "t's a lo#ely way of s!ending an afternoon. Why don't you go to a matinee- Monica: That sounds mar#ellous* ,ut "'d like *to see other !lays as well. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are Mrs Miller and Monica talking a,out- What is on at the rince of Wales- What do the re#iews say a,out the musical- Boes Monica feel like seeing the musical- What !lays does Monica !refer- What !lays is she going to see in 8ondon//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: |Ok_Zi UM [_U_ ^_ \YOQT[m ^R Q^_W^On \e_N[RNSm- c UM eV_QeOkSR eO\ZO[V_[m k[O/ ^TUiQm UOS__ \_Vm_a^O_. dRNT_ em_\M _N\eTVR TQi[ W [_R[V_- c UM YO[_SR eO\ZO[V_[m T QViPT_ em_\M [RNf_. w[R em_\R TQ_[ UOS__ 4< S_[. c _s_ VRa eO\ZO[Vb. w[O aWikT[ WO\YT[T[_Sm^O. w[O eV_NVR\^Mn \eO\OU eVOW_\[T WV_Zh eO\S_ eOSiQ^h. q[OPO \e_N[RNSh YOVOXT_ O[aMWM. w[O[ \e_N[RNSm QOSf_^ UM[m YOVOXTZ. c eOSRPRb* [M UM YO[_SR eO\ZO[V_[m em_\M _N\eTVR* ^_ eVRWQR ST#$. 8ive synonymous expressions to the ollowing: Why don't you go to a matinee- That sounds mar#ellous. " think "'d rather see something more serious. How a,out this one then- "'d like to see other !lays as well. "'d !refer a more serious !lay. "t must ,e good. 0;7 $. As& your own questions on the conversation. $#. ,omplete the phrases rom the conversation: 0. Well* ... at the rince of Wales. 4. "t sounds 2uite good ,ut " think ... . 7. ... for o#er twenty/fi#e years. ;. And " su!!ose ... . <. ... to a matinee- =. ... ,ut "'d like to see other !lays as well. $##. Role-play the conversation. $###. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5ou'#e got a s!are ticket for 3(armen3 on 6aturday night. 5ou !hone your friend and in#ite him $her& to 1oin you. He $she& willingly acce!ts your in#itation. 5ou are going to !ick u! your friend at his $her& !lace at =.7D. 4. 5ou !hone your friend to in#ite him $her& to dinner at your house one e#ening ne>t week. 5ou will not take 3no3 for an answer+ 7. 5ou recei#e a !hone call from A who wants to see you some time ne>t week. 5ou do not really like A #ery much* so try to find e>cuses for not acce!ting the in#itation. Conversation 0 At the Aox-o ice Richard: Wait for me in the lo,,y* auline. We may not ,e a,le to get seats. "'ll ask at the ,o>/office window. Richard: May " ha#e two tickets for this e#ening's !erformance* !lease:o> office Bo you ha#e reser#ationsclerk: Richard: 9o* are there any good seats left:o> office 5es* " ha#e a few. 0 can gi#e you #ery good seats either

clerk: in the orchestra or in the first ,alcony* third row. Richard: Good* " like the seats in the ,alcony ,etter than those on the main floor. Gi#e me two* !lease* in the aisle* if !ossi,le. Bo you ha#e !rograms here:o> office 9o* you can get them from the usher at the main en/clerk: trance. Richard: We were lucky* auline. "'#e got e>cellent seats. "'ll check my hat and coat and get the !rograms. auline: 5ou'd ,etter hurry u!. 8ook at the time. The curtain goes u! at A.7D shar!. We don't want to ,e iate. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: Where are Richard and auline at the moment- What are they going to do- Are there any good seats left- What seats does Richard !refer- What time does the !erformance ,egin//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: LOaZOf^O* ZM ^_ \ZOf_Z QO\[R[m UTS_[M. |OQOfQT Z_^h W W_\[TUbS_ {M UM SikX_ eO[OVOeTS\h. ]\[RST\m YOVOXT_ Z_\[R- `RZ eOW_aSO. oOPi h NieT[m QWR UTS_[R ^R W_k_V^Tn \e_N[RNSm- WR\ aRNRaR^M UTS_[M aRVR^__- Z_^h _\[m ^_\NOSmNO UTS_[OW. yR^RW_\ eOQ^TZR_[\h VOW^O W A.7D. c \QRZ J PRVQ_VOU eRSm[O T XShei T NieSb eVOPVRZZM. #I. Act out the conversation. $. Situation: 5ou are at the ,o>/office. 5ou want two tickets in the stalls for tonight's !erformance. The clerk offers you the circle. Conversation 1 At the 1heatre Bick: Hallo* auline. 5ou are looking !rettier than e#er this e#ening. Are you en1oying the !lay- auline: Gery much. Howe#er* the !lay is not as good as the ,ook. :ut Helen Hais is one of our ,est actresses. 6he makes any !lay a success. And the stage sets are ,eautiful. :y the way* Fd* what did you think of Fugene )'9eill's last !lay- Remem,er it ran in the 9atiorral Theatre this !ast week. Fd: "t was his worst !lay. Howe#er* " don't like Fugene )'9eill as you know He neither interests nor amuses me. He's too serious. " like at least one laugh in the !lay. auline: 5es* " agree with you* Fd. Richard: 6o do "* :ut there's the signal for act two. Why don't we get together after the !lay.- We can get a ,ite to eat. We'll look you u! later. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What does auline think of the !erformance- What is her o!inion of Helen Hais- How does she find the sets- What does Fd think of Fugene )'9eill's last !lay- Why doesn't he like him- What are the friends going to do after the !lay//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. ###. Act out the conversation. 0;; 0;< A 8ate 9ight 8ast night my !arents went to a !lay. They went with the :lakes who are the !eo!le we #isited last 6aturday. :efore the !lay Mum and Bad walked down 6haftes,ury A#enue. Mum wanted to see the theatres and clu,s. They walked slowly and arri#ed fi#e minutes late. Mum lo#ed the !lay. Mrs :lake liked the dances* ,ut she didn't like the songs. Bad didn't like the !lay at all ,ecause he can't stand musicals. Mr :lake didn't like it either. After the !lay they went to a night clu,. They en1oyed that #ery much. They didn't get ,ack to the hotel until #ery late. This morning they stayed in ,ed until ele#en o'clock. The lay Mrs Hunt: Bid you en1oy the !lay* (lare-

Mrs :lake: 5es* " en1oyed it #ery much. " adore musicals. Mrs Hunt: 6o do ". Mrs :lake: 5ou didn't like the first act* did youMrs Hunt: 9o* " didn't. The women danced ,adly and the men who danced seemed ner#ous. Mrs :lake: 5es* you are right. The woman who !layed the nurse wasn't 'ill 6heen* was sheMrs Hunt: 9o* she wasn't. Her name was 6hirley (hil#er. Mrs :lake: 6he talked too fast and she didn't dance #ery well either. Mr Hunt: Bid you really en1oy the !lay- Mrs Hunt: )f course we did. Mr Hunt: What did you like- Mrs Hunt: )h* e#erything. (ostumes and 6cenery Mr Hunt: 5ou don't really like musicals* do youMr :lake: 9o* not really. " !refer straight !lays. 8ast week we went to see 3Waiting for Godot.3 Mr Hunt: The !roduction wasn't #ery good* was itMr :lake: 9o* ,ut the !lay was interesting. Mr Hunt: 5ou were lucky. Tonight's !lay was dull. Mr :lake: The actors and actresses weren't #ery good. Mr Hunt: 9o* ,ut the costumes and scenery were mar#ellous. Mr :lake: " didn't like the men's costumes ,ut the women's dresses were lo#ely. Mr Hunt: Who was the actor who !layed the doctor0;= Mr :lake: That was Jrederick Geal. He was in a film " saw last week. He's the actor who was the doctor in another musical last year. " didn't like that !lay either. Mrs Hunt: Why did you ,uy tickets for this !layMr Hunt: To !lease you. Mrs Hunt: )h ... thanks. /. Listen to the text -A Late 5ight- and the conversations and answer the questions: Where did the Hunts and the :lakes go last night- Why were they late for the !erformance- Bid the women en1oy the !lay- What did they think of the dancing- How did they find 6hirley (hil#er- What did Mr Hunt think of the !lay- How did Mr :lake find the cast- Bid they like the costumes and scenery//. 1ell how the 4unts and the Ala&es spent last night. ###. Act out the conversations. #$. Situation: A few days ago you were at the theatre. At the moment you are sharing your im!ressions of the !erformance with your friend. 8istening At the Theatre 6usan and Tom are at the theatre. They often come u! to 8ondon from :isho!ton on 6aturday to do some sho!!ing* ha#e a meal at a restaurant and then go to the theatre in the e#ening. "t is now ten !ast eight and they are waiting for the !lay to ,egin. The theatre is full and e#eryone is talking loudly and laughing and smoking or ea'ting chocolates. 6oon the red and gold curtain will go slowly u!* the lights in the theatre will go out and the !lay will ,egin. Then e#eryone will ,e 2uiet. "n front of the stage is a !lace for the orchestra. The seats ne>t to the orchestra are the stalls. A,o#e the stalls is the circle* and a,o#e the circle are the u!!er circle and the gallery. The seats in the front stalls and in the circle are e>!ensi#eI the seats in the gallery are chea!. At the moment the orchestra is !laying a gay !iece of musicI and near Tom and 6usan one girl is selling chocolates and cigarettes* and another is selling !rogrammes. "n Fngland !eo!le smoke in most cinemas and in some theatres. 8ast week Tom and 6usan saw a sad !layI this e#ening they will see a ha!!y !lay. 6usan didn't like the sad !layI she likes to laugh and ,e ha!!y. 0;? 9ow it is a 2uarter !ast eight* the curtain is going u! and the !lay is ,eginning. After the

!lay 6usan and Tom will go home to :isho!ton ,y train. The last train to :isho!ton lea#es 8ondon at ten !ast twel#e. Questions: Where are Tom and 6usan at the moment- Why do they often come to 8ondon on 6aturday- What is going on at the theatre at the moment- What will ha!!en in a few minutes- What is the house like- What kind of !lay did Tom and 6usan see last week- What sort of !lays does 6usan like7 !ark T/ain at the Theatre Mark Twain* the famous American writer was once in#ited to an o!era ,y a friend. His friend was #ery rich. He and his wife had a ,o> in the )!era House. Buring the !erformance his friend's wife ke!t talking loudly and gaily a,out the things that had nothing to do with the o!era. The lady !ro,a,ly thought she was entertaining the guest. 6he made it im!ossi,le for Mark Twain to follow the !erformance and to listen to the music. Mark Twain didn't know how to make her kee! 2uiet or at least s!eak in whis!er. At the end of the o!era the lady turned to Mark Twain saying: 3My dear Mark Twain* " want you to come with us ne>t Jriday night. "'m sure you'll like it. The o!era will ,e 3(armen3. 3Thank you #ery much3* said Mark Twain. 3That'll ,e fine. "'#e ne#er heard you in 3(armen3. Questions: Where was Mark Twain in#ited- Why couldn't Mark Twain follow the !erformance- What did the lady say to Mark Twain at the end of the !erformance- What did Mark Twain answerRea-in. A $isit to the Theatre 3Well*3 Adrian said when they were ,ack at his flat* 3What do you want to see this e#ening-3 3There is a !lay on at the iccadily Theatre that "'m keen to see3* (elia said. 3What kind of !lay-3* Adrian asked. 3"t's a ,lack comedy. "t's set in a mental hos!ital. The !atients re,el against the medical authorities and take o#er the hos!ital. The re,els are re#ersed . the !atients change !laces with the doctors. "t's a satire on modern society and the nature of authority. The re#iews ha#e ,een #ery good. 'onothan 'arrot says in the 3Glo,e3 that it is a memora,le e#ening and a great theatrical e>!erience. He's a #ery e>!erienced theatre critic. The !lay has a good cast. 8iliane etti/ 0;A grew is the female lead. 6he !lays a hos!ital nurse who t ils in lo#e with one of the !atients and then is disillusioned when he ,ecomes head of the hos!ital. They say it's one of her greatest roles. There is a strong su!!orting cast* too. The !lay has ,een a considera,le ,o>/office success . it's ,een running for almost si> months now.3 3Well3* Adrian said* 3What time does the !erformance ,egin-3 3Fight o'clock.3 3"'ll tele!hone the ,o>/office and see if " can reser#e seats. 6hall " ask for stalls or circle-3 36talls3* (elia said. 3Jront stalls if !ossi,le. " like ,eing near the stage.3 Adrian tele!honed. All the front stalls had ,een taken ,ut there were still a few !laces in the rear stalls. 6ince the reser#ation was made ,y !hone* the tickets had to ,e !icked u! half an hour ,efore the !lay was due to ,egin. They arri#ed at the theatre at a,out half !ast se#en* collected their tickets and s!ent a few minutes chatting in the theatre foyer. Then they made their way to the stalls entrance. An attendant sold them a !rogramme and showed them to their seats. They sat and watched the theatre filling u!. After the !erformance they went to a near,y !u,. 3Well*3 Adrian said* 3What did you think of it-3 3Terri,le3* (elia said. 3" didn't like the element of cruelty in the !lay.3 3Well* that's what life is like*3 Adrian said. 3As " see it* the theatre has got to ,e realistic and deal with contem!orary issues. "t's no use !retending that these things don't ha!!en. Giolence and cruelty are features of our li#es. They concern a++ of us.3 3" don't agree*3 (elia said. 3The #ast ma1ority of !eo!le li#e their li#es without ha#ing such e>!eriences. F>ce!t in the theatre. There's too much em!hasis on #iolence these days :esides* showing #iolence and cruelty on the stage has a ,ad effect on !u,lic morality. (rimes of #iolence ha#e increased lately. eo!le see these things !erformed and go out and imitate them.3 3There is no e#idence that #iolence on the stage or on the

screen influences !eo!le's ,eha#iour*3 Adrian said. 3"'m sure it does. And in general " don't like this sort of !lays. 8et's go and see a musicai ne>t time*3 (elia said. Self check /. .ut each ver( into the most suita(le tense: "t $rain& when " $wake& u! last 6aturday. "t always $rain& when " am not working. We $!lan& to go to the seaside* ,ut in the end we $decide& to go to the theatre instead. We $miss& the ,us 0;C and $arri#e& late. We $arrange& to meet 'oe outside the theatre and he $wait& for twenty minutes when we $get& there. The !lay already $start& when we $go& in. "t's Monday again today* and " $work& as usual. " $sit& here in the office for the last two hours* ,ut 0 $not* do& much work yet. 0 $feel& too fed u! to work. " already $ha#e& my holiday this year " $go& to 6cotland in 'uly and* of course* it $rain& e#ery day. Tomorrow " $,ook& a holiday for ne>t A!ril in 6!ain. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: . {M ^_ YOk_Xm \YOQT[m W [_R[V W \iUUO[i. j iQOWOSm\[WT_Z. c QRW^O ^_ UMS W [_R[V_. dRNOn \e_N[RNSm [M eV_QSRPR_Xm. c UM YO[_S eO\SiXR[m }dRVZ_^. . d[O eO_[ eRV[Tb dRVZ_^. S_^R ]UVRaOWR. . ]^R eV_NVR\^Rh RN[VT\R. {M QiZR_Xm* ZM \ZOf_Z NieT[m UTS_[M. oOn QViP OU_sRS Z^_ QO\[R[m QWR UTS_[R. . jeR\TUO. ]k_^m SbU_a^O \ [WO_n \[OVO^M* k[O [M eVTPSR\TS Z_^h. c UiQi \ ^_[_Ve_^T_Z fQR[m \e_N[RNSh. Fluency /. Answer the questions: Are you keen on theatre- Which do you !refer: cinema or theatre- Why- Which of the Minsk theatres do you like ,est- Why- When did you last go to the theatre- Bid you ,ook a ticket in ad#ance- What did you see- Who was in the cast- How did you find the acting- Bid you like the costumes and scenery- Was the house full- Bid you ha#e a good seat- Was the !erformance a success- Bo you en1oy o!era- Which do you !refer: o!era D0 ,allet- What o!era $,allet& did you see last- Bid you en1oy it' What did you like in !articular: the music- the singing- the dancing- the sets- What is on at the :yelorussian Brama Theatre now- Who is your fa#ourite actor//. Spea& on: a& the Minsk theatres ,& your fa#ourite theatre* its cast and re!ertoire c& your last #isit to the theatre. ///. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. )n your way home you meet a friend of yours. 5ou ha#en't seen each other for a long time. 5ou want to get together one 0<D day and go to the theatre. 5ou choose a !erformance to see. 5our friend offers to ,uy tickets. 5ou agree to meet at your !lace on the day of the !erformance. 4. The !erformance is o#er. 5ou are lea#ing the theatre. 5ou are full of im!ressions. 5our tastes differ. #$. 3rite a(out the per ormance you en)oyed. UNIT II ()MMH9"(AT")9: AP#"#)IES( #FFERS( PER!ISSI#N( a& How to a!ologi@e: awfully "'m sorry* $'ohn&* ,ut $"'m afraid& th "'#e lost at ,ook you lent me. #ery ,& How to acce!t an a!ology: that's all right/) E. don't worry a,out it )h* it doesn't matter ne#er mind* forget it+

Conversation I 6ally: )h* eter* "'#e ,een standing here since half !ast se#en+ Where on earth ha#e you ,een- eter: "'m terri,ly sorry "'m late* 6ally* ,ut " 1ust couldn't hel! it. " got here as soon as " could. 6ally: Well* it's not soon enough* is it- "t's too late to go in now* the !lay has already started+ eter: " know ... and "'m sorry ,ut .... 6ally: "'#e ,een looking forward to seeing the !lay all week+ Bo you reali@e that- All week+ eter: 8ook* 6ally* 1ust gi#e me a chance to e>!lain* !lease0 + was a,out to lea#e the house when my sister called round. 6he was in tears. Her ,oy/friend 'ohn had ,een knocked down and was critically ill. 6o " couldn't 1ust rush off without a word* could "- 6ally: )h* " see. eter: " am sorry a,out the !lay . really " am. 0 know how much you wanted to see it. 0<0 6ally: 5es . well* ne#er mind. We can always see it some other time. eter: 5es* of course we can. 6ally: And eter- eter: 5es6ally: " am sorry for the way " sna!!ed at you. eter: )h* that's all right. 0 understand. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: Why is 6ally angry with eter- Why is eter late for the !lay- //. Read the conversation. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: xQ_ [M UMS- c Ok_^m TaWT^hb\m aR OeOaQR^T_* ^O h eVO\[O ^_ ZOP T^Rk_. f_ \STXNOZ eOaQ^O WYOQT[m* em_\R if_ ^RkRSR\m. |VO\[T* ^O... c W\b ^_Q_Sb \ ^_[_Ve_^T_Z fQRSR* k[OUM eO\ZO[V_[m em_\i. {M q[O eO^TZR_Xm- |O\SiXRn* QRn Z^_ WOaZOf^O\[m OUh\^T[m. c if_ \OUVRS\h in[T* NOPQR eVTXSR ZOh \_\[VR. |O^TZRb. c Q_n\[WT[_Sm^O Ok_^m \OfRS_b* k[O [RN eOSikTSO\m \ em_\On. `Tk_PO* ZM ZOf_Z eO\ZO[V_[m __ W QViPOn VRa. |VO\[T* k[O h ^RUVO\TSR\m ^R [_Uh. L\_ W eOVhQN_ $^Tk_PO&. ///. Role-play the conversation. Practice E /. Learn the dialogues: "'m terri,ly sorry* ,ut "'#e ,roken a !late. )h* that doesn't matter. "'m e#er so sorry. Tell me where you ,ought it so 0 can get you another. 9o* certainly not. " wouldn't dream of letting you do that. "'m #ery much afraid "'#e ,urned a hole in the rug. . )h* that's all right. . " do a!ologi@e. "'ll ,uy you a new one first thing on Monday. )f course not. " ne#er liked it anyway. "'m afraid "'#e s!ilt ink all o#er the ta,le/cloth. )h* ne#er mind a,out that. "'m awfully sorry. Won't you let me !ay for it- 9o* " won't hear of it. "'m terri,ly sorry* ,ut " seem to ha#e mislaid your scarf. )h* don't worry a,out that. " 1ust don't know what to say. "'ll re!lace it* of course 9o s that's 2uite out of the 2uestion. 0<4 4. . 7. . ;. ;. . Jorgi#e me* !lease. " meant well. . 9e#er mind. Jorget it. <. . " ,eg your !ardon. "'m afraid "'#e taken too much of your time. . 9ot at all* "'m sure. 5ou're always welcome.

=. . Why were you so rude to me at lunch. Was "- 6orry. "t was wrong of me. ?. . 5ou didn't ring me u! last night. 5ou said you /oul-( . "'m awfully sorry. //. Accept your riend's apologies: 0. 6orry* "'#e ke!t you waiting. 4. F>cuse my interru!ting you. 7. "'m sorry " o#ersle!t. ;. "'m awfully sorry* ,ut "'#e accidentally taken your te>t,ook. <. "'m so sorry* "'#e dialled the wrong num,er. =. "'m sorry " forgot to !ost your letter. ?. "'m sorry " mislaid your ,ook. A. "'m afraid you'll ne#er forgi#e me. C. "'m terri,ly sorry " can't do it right now. 0D. "'m awfully sorry " lost the um,rella you lent me. 00. "'m sorry " didn't !hone you last night. ///. 1hin& o remar&s which may (e ollowed (y the ollowing reassurances: 0. . ... ;. . ... . "t's all right. . Jorget it. 4 < ... ... . 9e#er mind. . Bon't worry a,out it. 7. . ... =. . ... . "t doesn't matter. . That's ]. d. #$. 3or& in pairs. A apologiKes or something he?she has done or ailed to do and F accepts the apology: A a!ologi@es for 0. ,reaking :'s watch 4. dro!!ing ash on :'s car!et 7. damaging :'s roses ;. not ha#ing !honed last night <. not sending the !arcel after all =. not hel!ing L with his/her suitcase ?. ,eing late A. not ,ringing the ,ook he/ she lent you C. knocking o#er :'s #ase L re!lies that it was an old one anyway he/she was going to sham!oo it soon* anyway they were dying* anyway it wasn't really #ery im!ortant he/she can do it this afternoon he/she took a ta>i he/she is not in a hurry he/she doesn't need it at the moment he/she ne#er really liked it* anyway 0<7 $. 4ow will you apologiKe ... if you think you'#e hurt someonewhen interru!ting a !ersonif you think you'#e ,een rudeif you damaged some,ody's stereoif you ha#e ke!t someone waitingif you ha#en't done your homeworkif you forgot to !ost the letter someone ga#e youif you ,roke a string on someone's guitarif you forgot to meet someone's sister last nightif you ,orrowed someone's ,ook and lost itif you were ten minutes late for class todayif you feel you are taking u! too much of some,ody's time$#. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. aWT^T[_* k[O eOU_\eONOTS LR\.. `Tk_PO. L\_ W eOVhQN_. 4. aWT^T* h OU_sRSR W_V^i[m N^TPi \_POQ^h* ^O h aRUMSR.. `Tk_PO. |VT^_\_Xm aRW[VR. 7. aWT^T* k[O

OeOaQRS.. `Tk_PO* ZM i\e__Z. ;. |VO\[T* k[O aRVR^__ ^_ eV_QieV_QTSR [_Uh O \WO_Z eVT_aQ_.. L\_ YOVOXO. c W\_PQR VRQR WTQ_[m [_Uh. <. |VO\[T* h eO[_VhS [WOn \SOWRVm. c NieSb [_U_ ^OWMn.. `_ U_\eONOn\h. Z_^h _\[m _s_ OQT^ \SOWRVm. =. aWT^T[_ aR [O* k[O aWO^b WRZ [RN eOaQ^O.. `Tk_PO. c \RZR [OSmNO k[O eVTXSR QOZOn. ?. aWT^T* k[O h ^_ eOZOPSR [_U_.. `Tk_PO* h \eVRWTSR\m \RZR. A. |VO\[T* h aRUMSR aRn[T aR [WOTZ eRSm[O W eVRk_k^ib.. `_ TZ__[ a^Rk_^Th. {M ZOf_Xm \Q_SR[m q[O aRW[VR. C. c [RN \OfRS_b* k[O VRaUTSR [WOb SbUTZib WRai.. yRUiQm OU q[OZ. $##. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. A friend ,orrows your fli!!ers to use on holiday and lea#er them in the resort hotel. 4. A friend forgets to ,uy you some ,read which you need foi a !arty. 7. "t's 7 a.m. The !hone rings and it's the wrong num,er. ;. A friend s!ills ,lack coffee o#er your new white 1acket. <. 5ou got into the ,us without a ticket. A guard comes u! to you. 5ou make e>cuses. =. 5ou ha#e knocked o#er a #ase. "t was on the edge of the ta,le ?. 5ou didn't come to your friend's !arty ,ecause your cousin from Wales arri#ed une>!ectedly. A. 5ou told a friend last 6aturday that you would !ick him/her u! in the afternoon and take him/her to a foot,all match :ut you had a car crash on the way to meet him/her. C. 5ou !romised your mother to come and see her yesterda# 0<; afternoon after work. :ut you were asked to work o#ertime and didn't finish until A o'clock. 6o you went home. 0D. 5ou ,orrowed your friend's record and ,roke it. #ffers( Per*ission( a& How to offer to do something: 6hall (an May 8et " hel! youme hel! you. ,& How to acce!t the offer: $5es&* !lease. That's #ery kind $nice& of you. "'d ,e #ery grateful. That would ,e nice. Thank you. Thanks a lot. Thank you #ery much. c& How to refuse the offer !olitely: 9o* thank you $thanks&. 0 can manage. 9o* you needn't. Thank you. 9o* there's no need. Thanks. 9o* that's all right. Thank you. Bon't ,other. "'ll manage $it&. d& How to ask !ermission to do something: May (an (ould " go home earlier tonighte& How to grant !ermission: 5es* certainly. of course $you/may/can/ could&. all right. !lease* do f& How to refuse !ermission: lease* don't. "'m sorry* ,ut you can't. $9o*& "'m afraid not. 9o* of course not. 0<< Conversation 3 :oss: )h* Miss :rown* would you !ost this letter* !lease-

Miss :rown: 5es* certainly. And shall " take this !arcel to the !ost/office* too:oss: 5es* !lease. )h* and Miss :rown... Miss :rown: 5es:oss: (ould you work o#ertime on JridayMiss :rown: "'m terri,ly sorry ,ut "'#e already made arrangements to go somewhere on Jriday. :oss: )h* " see. Miss :rown: May " go now:oss: What- )h* yes ... yes* of course. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What does the ,oss ask Miss :rown to do- What else does Miss :rown ha#e to do at the !ost/office- Why can't Miss :rown work o#ertime on Jriday//. Listen to the conversation again. Recall the phrases expressing requests2 o ers and permission used in the conversation. ###. Read the conversation. .araphrase the conversational ormulas expressing requests2 o ers and permission. #$. Role-play the conversation. Conversation 0 'oanna: )h* 6imon* could you hel! me mo#e the ta,le* !lease6imon: 5es* of course Where do you want it'oanna: Fr* o#er there* ,y the wall* " think. "t'll gi#e us a ,it more room for dancing* won't it- 6imon: 5es* good idea. $They mo#e the ta,le& 'oanna: Thanks. 9ow* what else- 6imon: 6hall " mo#e the sofa* too- 'oanna: 9o* there's no need* thanks. "t can stay where it is. )h* 6imon* the light's gone. What a nuisance+ " ha#en't got any s!are ,ul,. 6imon. 6hall " go and ,uy one- 'oanna: )h* will you* 6imon- "'d ,e e#er so grateful+ /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are 'oanna and 6imon doing and why- Boes 'oanna want to mo#e the sofa- Why does 6imon ha#e to go out0<= //. Listen to the conversation again. Recall the phrases expressing requests and o ers. ###. Read the conversation. .araphrase the conversational ormulas expressing requests and o ers. #$. Role-play the conversation. Practice /. Learn the dialogues' 0. . (ould you wait for me* !lease- "'ll ,e ready in no time. . 5es* certainly. 6hall " wait downstairs. 5es* !lease. 4. . May " hel! you. "t would ,e #ery kind of you* thank you. 7. . 6hall " close the window. lease* don't. ;. . 6hall " gi#e you a cu! of coffee. 9o* thanks. "'m in a hurry. <. . May " use your ty!ewriter. "'m afraid not. "'m going to ty!e some documents. =. . Will you lend me some money for a few days. "'m sorry* " ha#e no money a,out me. 6hall " ,ring it tomorrow. )h* that's #ery kind of you. ?. . (ould " lea#e earlier tonight- " ha#e to meet my mother at the station. . 5es* all right. A. . (an " use your !hone. 5es* !lease.

C. . 8et me carry your suitcase. . lease* do. 0D. . (an " ,orrow your um,rella. )f course* you can. // Accept the o ers". 6hall " gi#e you a light- 4. 8et me call a ta>i for you. 7. 8et me gi#e you a word of ad#ice. ;. 6hall " hel! you with your luggage- <. 6hall " send the !arcel now- =. 6hall " un!ack your suitcase- ?. 6hall " ha#e a look at the engine- A. 6hall " lend you some mo/ ney- C. (an " hel! you- 0D. 8et me re!air your iron. 00. 6hall " gi#e you a cu! of tea04. 6hall " ty!e the article for you///. Re use the o ers politely: 0. 6hall " gi#e you a lift- 4. 6hall " wake you u! in the morning0<? 7. 8et me translate the te>t for you. ;. May " hel! you- <. 6hall " ,uy this dictionary for you- =. 6hall " switch on the TG set- ?. 6hall " ,ook a ticket for you- A. 6hall " fi> your ty!ewriter#$ C er someone to: ,uy some ,read* call a doctor* send the letter* !hoto/co!y the documents* translate the article* wash the windows* fi> the record !layer* lend some money* make coffee* !ost the !arcel. `_/she will either acce!t or refuse the offer. $. 8rant or re use permission: 0. (an " use your car- 4. May " lea#e early today- 7. Ma " ask you a 2uestion- ;. (an " study here- <. (ould " use your #acuum cleaner- =. May " in#ite eter to the !arty- ?. (an " miss the ne>t Fnglish class- A. (an " ,orrow your !en- C. May " o!en the window0D. (an " gonow- 00. May " 1ust say a word- 04. (ould " ha#e a look at your notes$#. As& someone permission to: use his/her ty!ewriter* come and see him/her* take the day off* take him/her home* kee! the ,ook Jor another week* smoke* come in* listen to the record* go out* switch on the TG set. `_/she will either grant or refuse !ermission. $##. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sell chec&7: 0. |OZOkm [_U_ e_V_W_\[T \[R[mb- . jeR\TUO* h \eVRWSb\m \RZ. 4. LMNSbkT[m [_S_WTaOV- . lR* if_ eOaQ^O. |OVR \eR[m 7. |OQW_a[T LR\ QOZOn- . `_[* \eR\TUO. c YOki eVOn[T\m e_X NOZ. ;. oOf^O h WNSbki ZRP^T[OzO^- . |OfRSin\[R* ^_ ^RQO c i\[RSR T YOki eO\eR[m. <. RaUiQT[m [_Uh i[VOZ- . jeR\TUO ^_ ^RQO. liZRb* k[O h eVO\^i\m \RZ. =. oOf^O h WO\eOSmaibR LRX_n VikNOn- . dO^_k^O. ?. RaV_XT[_ eOZOkm LRZ.. jeR\T UO* ^_ ^RQO. A. yRn[T aR YS_UOZ eO ei[T QOZOn- . lR* eOfR Sin\[R. C. |OkT^T[m LRX [_S_WTaOV- . lR* \eR\TUO. w[O Ok_^+ SbU_a^O \ LRX_n \[OVO^M. $###. As& permission to do things. Someone will either grant or re use you permission. #+. C er your riend to do something. LM?she will accept N9 re use your o er. UNIT 13 GRAMMAR: REP#RTE SPEEC%( I!!E IATE AN RE!#TE PAST REP#RT( Illustrative Situations The tense of the #er, in the original sentence normally changes when this statement is re!orted as a !ast e#ent. a& ,& c& )riginal statement Re!orted statement a& 3The road is closed3. " told you the road was closed. ,& 3They are re!airing it.3 " told you they were re!airing it. c& 3The ,ridge has colla!sed.3 " told you the ,ridge had col/ la!sed. d& 39o one can cross it.3 " told you no one could cross it. While the tense/change shown a,o#e is normal* it need not ,e made if* for e>am!le* the s!eaker wishes to em!hasi@e that the situation descri,ed in the actual words s!oken still

e>ists and it can also ,e a!!lied to the time of re!orting. Thus: the road is closed* they are re!airing it. the ,ridge has colla!sed* no one can cross it. :o,: "'m tired. 'im: What did you say:o,: " said "'m tired. "n this situation the tense of the #er, is not changed ,ecause the re!orted statement is gi#en #ery soon after the original statement. )lga: (an " miss class tomorrowTeacher: What did you say)lga: " asked if " can $or could& miss class tomorrow. The re!orted statement is near the time and !lace of the original statement. Bick: resent re!ort: "mmediate !ast re!ort: Remote !ast re!ort: Mary to 'ane a month ago: 'ane to 8ucy a month later: "'m ready to lea#e. Bick says he's ready to lea#e. Bick said he's ready to lea#e. Bick said he was ready to lea#e. My mother is seriously ill. 8ast month " met Mary. 6he was hurrying to the hos!ital. 6he said her mother was seriously ill. 0<A 0<C 6he was #ery u!set. 5esterday Mary rang me u! and said her mother is 2uite well now. $the e#ent is !ast* the situation has changed.& Mary to 'ane today: My mother is seriously ill. 'ane to 8ucy on the same day: . Mary said her mother is seriously ill. 6he is down with !neumonia. . "'m #ery sorry. $the situation hasn't changed* its rele#ancy at the !resent moment is em!hasi@ed&. 'ane to her teacher e>!laining why she was late for class: )n my way " met " friend of mine. 6he looked #ery u!set. 6he said her mother was seriously ill. " had to sto! to talk to her. $'ane merely states the fact of something !re#iously said without em!hasi@ing its rele#ancy.& . Why didn't you wait for me. 5ou said you were not ready and " was in a hurry* $the e#ent is !ast& . 8et's call on Alec. . " don't think he is at home. Ro,ert told me the other day he was in Moscow. $there is a la!se of time* the situation might ha#e changed& . Glad to see you* Alec. eter said you were in Moscow. . "'#e 1ust returned. $the situation has changed& . Mr 6mith told me today he knows fi#e foreign languages. . 5es* and he s!eaks three of them fluently* $the situation still e>ists&. The tense of the original statement is usually not changed when the s!eaker re!orts a historical fact or general truth: He said Jlorida is $or was& in the south/eastern Hnited 6tates. Tom said 9ew 5ork is $or was& ,igger than 8ondon. " said my name is $or was& Farnest. 9otice that in these situations it is also correct to change the #er, into the !ast. :ut you must use a !ast tense when there is a difference ,etween what was said and what is really true. 6tudy this e>am!le situation: 5ou meet Ann. 6he said: 3'im is ill.3 8ater that day you see 'im !laying tennis and looking well. 5ou say: 3"'m sur!rised to see you !laying tennis. Ann said you were ill.3 $not 3you are ill3* ,ecause he isn't ill&. Here are some more e>am!le situations: $'ohn to (lara at a dance& 5ou are the !rettiest girl "'#e e#er met. (lara to her friend on the morning after the dance:

0=D 'ohn told me "'m the !rettiest girl he has e#er met. $"t is unlikely that he has met a !rettier girl in the inter#al&. :ut if (lara re!orts the con#ersation to a friend after a considera,le inter#al of time* she will !ro,a,ly $unless she is #ery #ain& say: 'ohn told me " was the !rettiest girl he had e#er met. While the !resent tense may ,e retained if 'ohn re!orts his own words on the same night he has uttered them* he will not !reser#e the !resent tense if he is s!eaking on the following morning: " told her she was the !rettiest girl " had e#er met. He may still feel that she is the !rettiest girl he has e#er met* ,ut for him the com!liment is less immediate than it is for her: she is interested in the su,stance of what he said . she treasures the com!liment and she hears him still saying itI he recollects the fact of saying it* an e#ent irre#oca,ly in the !ast* and he naturally gi#es it a !ast tense. This !oint of immediacy or remoteness of interest arises e#en in cases when the !ermanence of the situation is a,solute. Jor Mrs 6mith the category of her own ,lood grou! is a matter of !ressing concern at any !oint of time from the moment when she first learns it from the doctor: The doctor told me my ,lood grou! is :. Mr 6mith* a lo#ing hus,and* may identify his interests so entirely with those of his wife that he also will in#aria,ly use the !resent tense. :ut a mere o,ser#er will re!ort: The doctor told Mrs 6mith her ,lood grou! was :. Study some more example situations: . Where is 6usan. 'ack said she is still working in the li,rary. He has 1ust seen her there. $the situation hasn't changed.& . 'ohn said he's lea#ing for Warsaw tonight. . "'m going to see him off. $a future e#ent is e>!ressed& . Who told you " was going to change my 1o,. " don't remem,er. . Wasn't it eter. 5es* !erha!s it was. . What !ut that idea into his head* " wonder. $there is a difference ,etween what was said and what is really true& . Mike said he would come and hel! me with my maths ,ut he didn't. . Bon't you know that he has left for Moscow- $the e#ent is !ast& . eter said we shall ha#e a meeting now. Bo you know where0=0 . "n room 4<. $the e#ent is future& 5ote: 3ould is generally used e#en when the e#ent referred to is not yet !ast& . Bid you s!eak to 'ack yesterday. 5es* " did. . What did he say. He said he would finish the scheme ne>t week. . Bick !romised that he would re!air my ta!erecorder tomorrow. . 8ast month he !romised he would re!air my radio/set ,ut he ne#er did. . Bo you know the ama@ing news- eter rang me u! today and said he has won a car in the lottery+ . "sn't he lucky+ $rele#ancy* immediacy of interestI seldom used& 6te#e told me he saw 8ucy yesterday. Mrs 6mith said she mo#ed here two years ago. $the idea of !riority is of no im!ortance* the statements are re!orted near the time and !lace of the original statements.& A $ER9S AN E!#NSTRATI$E PR#N#UNS IN REP#RTE SPEEC% %emonstrative pronouns and adver(s o proximity in time

and space this $these& today this morning $week* month* summer& now here tomorrow ne>t week $month* year& ago some days $weeks* months* hours& ago yesterday last week $month* 6unday* etc.& Study these example situations: " !assed my final $ eter to you today& 0=4 %emonstrative pronouns and adver(s o remoteness in time and space that $those& that day that morning $week* month* summer& then there the ne>t $the following& day the ne>t week $month* year& ,efore some days $weeks* months* hours& ,efore the day ,efore* the !re#ious day the !re#ious week $month* 6unday* etc.& or the week $month* year* etc.& ,efore e>am yesterday. $ eter to you last week& eter told me he !assed his final e>am yesterday. " saw eter last Jriday and he told me he had !assed his final e>am the day ,efore* $the !re#ious day& " shall !hone you tomorrow. $Mike to you today& Mike !romised he would !hone me tomorrow. $Mike to you last Monday& Mike !romised me $last Monday& he would !hone me the ne>t $the following& day ,ut he didn't. " am going to Fngland ne>t month. $Alec to you two days ago& Alec told me he's going to Fngland ne>t month. $Alec to you three months ago& When " saw Alec he said he was going to Fngland the ne>t $the following& month. My ,rother is coming tonight. $ eter to you today& $ eter to you some days ago& eter told me his ,rother is When " met eter the other day coming tonight. he said his ,rother was coming that night. " lost my watch some days ago. $ eter to you today& $ eter to you last month& eter told me today he lost his watch some days ago. eter told me $last month& he had lost his watch some days ,efore. " saw 'ane last week. $Mike to you yesterday& Mike told me yesterday he saw 'ane last week. $Mike to you last month& When " met Mike last month he told me he had seen 'ane the !re#ious week. "'m #ery ,usy today. $ eter to you today& eter said he's #ery ,usy today. $ eter to you some days ago& " in#ited eter to the cinema last Monday ,ut he said he

was #ery ,usy that day. 0=7 $Ro,ert to Alec on Monday&: "'m lea#ing tomorrow. $Alec on the same day&: Ro,ert said he's lea#ing tomorrow. $Alec on Tuesday&: Ro,ert said he is lea#ing today. $Alec on Wednesday&: Ro,ert said he was lea#ing yesterday. $Alec on Thursday&: Ro,ert told me on Monday he was lea#ing the ne>t day. $the following day& $Mike's mother to you&: He is at the "nstitute now. "'#e 1ust called on Mike. His When " called on Mike yester/ mother said he's at the "nstitute day e#ening his mother said he now. was at the "nstitute at that time. $then& $5our friend Gictor to you on lea#ing Minsk for Eie#&: "'ll come here again ne>t summer. $5ou to your mother&: Gictor $Gictor to his friend in Eie#&: !romised that he would $will& " s!ent this summer at my come here again ne>t summer. friend's in Minsk and " !romised "'d come there again ne>t summer. Practice /. Analyse the use o tenses in reported speech: ". 3" do not deny it. " sim!ly said there is no winter s!ort in Montreu>.3 $F. Hemingway& 4. 3" told you what's ,een going on for fi#e years/ and you didn't know.3 $J. 6. Jit@gerald& 7. That morning the ma1or in charge of the ward asked me if " felt " could tra#el the ne>t day. " said " could. $F. Hemingway& ;. 3Bid you tell him that "'m on the #estry-3 $:. 6haw& <. 3" told her all a,out it ,y the way.3 3" thought you would.3 $A. (hristie& =. 3" sto!!ed to ask if you were ,etter. They told me you were on duty* so " asked to see you.3 $F. Hemingway& ?. 3The man was sur!rised. He said he'd ne#er seen (harles in the card/room.3 $6. Maugham& A. 36he sim!ly said that she's going to church with me.3 $'. )s,orne& C. 3Remem,er* " wrote you* that he smashed u! the car again-3 $A. Miller& 0D. 3" told you "'d get her here and " ha#e.3 $A. (hristie& 00. 6he warned him that he would ha#e to go* waited for a second and then o!ened the door wide. $F. )':rien& 04. 3He told me if he could not ha#e dinner with you* he would come here.3 $G. Green& 07. 6he wondered if he'd told Miranda where he'd ,een. $F. )':rien& 0;. Then he smiled and said she had the sort of #oice he could listen to all the night. $F. )':rien& 0<. 3Bid she not tell you " !romised her to do so-3 $:. 6haw& 0=. 3Bid Benis tell you that ui>ote has gone lame/ !oor ,oy's had no riding these lo#ely fine days.3 $E. )':rien& 0?. He thought* like you* that whisky is a good tonic+ $F. )'9eill& 0A. " said that " didn't want to 0=; gO a,road. " said " wanted to stay in Fngland. $A. (hristie& 0C. 36he didn't come ,ack. 6ome,ody said they saw her dri#ing away with an elderly man.3 $A. (hristie& 4D. 3:ut talking of that fortune you'#e !romised me. 5ou did say it'll come while "'m still young to en1oy it-3 $M. Thomas& 40. 3Hawkins told me yesterday he's taken thirty was!s' nests this summer.3 $A. (hristie& 44. Mrs "nglethor! re!lied that this was an e>cellent idea* ,ut as she had k se#eral letters to write she would dro! us there* and we could come uu,ack with (ynthia in the !ony/tra!. $A. (hristie& 47. 3Bid you tell him his tea was ready-3 $'. )s,orne& 4;. 3"t was lucky* she said* /that "'d come now.3 $A. (hristie& 4<. 3(atherine asked me to tell you she was sorry she/couldn't see you this e#ening.3 $F. Hemingway& 4=. 35ou told Arthur's mother "'d ,roken my leg.3 3"t was only a 1oke.3 4?. 3" told you* didn't "* that Mr "nglethor! has returned-3 $A. (hristie& 4A. 3" !romised "'d gi#e her the money tomorrow.3 $6. Maugham& 4C. 3Bid he tell you that he'd used my riding whi! on me-3 $'. Galsworthy& 7D. 3Then " ho!e he told you that my name is Fdward* not Willy.3 $8. Hellman& 70. 3Hey+ "'m sorry+ 5ou hear me- ... 0 said "'m sorry. ... " told you "'m sorry.3 $T. Williams& 74. 3We know what you said.3 3" said

that " did so ,y re2uest.3 $T. Breiser& 77. 3We told Miss Mackay how much you liked art.3 $M. 6!ark& 7;. 3Benery told her he saw me in the tra#el agency. " was sure he would.3 $8. Hellman& 7<. 6he !romised that she would come and see him sometimes and that she would ne#er forget him. $6. Maugham& 7=. He said yesterday that he will not ,e ,uying a co!y of the 3Who's Who-3 7?. 3He said to tell you he's a 1ournalist* sir.3 $M. Thomas& 7A. 36he said we see more of you here on your summer #acation than she sees all year round in 9ew )rleans.3 $8. Hellman& //. "n this situation someone says something to you which is ' o!!osite of what they said ,efore. 5ou ha#e to answer: " thought you said... e.g. That restaurant is e>!ensi#e. " thought you said it wasn't e>!ensi#e. 0. Ann is coming to the !arty. 4. :ill !assed his e>am. 7. " can afford a holiday this year. 7. 6te#e likes chess. ;. Gemma wants to 1oin us. <. "t often rains here. =. Gictor is keen on theatre. ?. 'ane wants to take !art in the e>!edition. A. " know her address* e.g. . 6orry* ,ut " cannot come with you. . :ut you said yesterday you could come with me. . 5es* " said " could ,ut now " can't* e.g. . They won't 1oin us* you know. . :ut they said they would. . 5es* they said they would ,ut they'#e changed their minds. 0. 6orry* " cannot do it for you. 4. Alice will not take !art in the 0=< concert. 7. 6orry* ,ut " can't 1oin you. ;. Bick won't ,e !resent. <. 6orry* ,ut " can't lend you my ,icycle. = 6orry* ,ut " can't go on this e>cursion. ?. :etty won't stay with us. A. Bick won't go fishing with us tomorrow. C. "'m sorry ,ut " can't hel! you. e.g. . When 0 was in the (rimea+ . :ut you told me you hadn't ,een in $to& the (rimea+ 0. When " was in 8ondon... 4. When " studied Jrench.... ;. When Alec was in the (aucasus.... <. When 'ane !honed me.... =. When Bick li#ed in aris.... ///. "n this situation there is a difference ,etween what was said and what is really true. e.g. Ann says 3"'m tired3. Ten minutes later she says 38et's !lay tennis3. What do you say5ou said you were tired. 0. 5our friend says 3"'m hungry3* so you go to a restaurant. When you get there he says 3" don't want to eat.3 What do you say- 4. Tom tells you 3Ann has gone away3. 8ater that day you meet her. What do you say- 7. Mike says 3" don't smoke.3 8ater that day you see him smoking. ;. 5ou arranged to meet 'ack. He said 3" won't ,e late.3 At last he arri#es 4D minutes late. What do you say- <. Eate said 3" can't come to the !arty tonight.3 That night you saw her at the !arty. What do you say- =. 3The food is #ery good in that restaurant3 were your friend's e>act words* so you ,oth went there ,ut neither of you liked the cooking. What do you say- ?. 3" know the way3 Ro,ert said. 5ou ,oth got lost. What do you say#$. "n this situation there is a difference ,etween what you thought and what is really true: e /g/ . " go to work ,y ,us. $tu,e& . 0 thought you went to work ,y tu,e. 0. " drink coffee* $tea& 4. He smokes cigars* $a !i!e& 7. " lea#e home at A. $C& ;. " start work at C. $0D& <. " eat in the canteen* $in a restaurant& =. 0 get u! at =. $?& ?. He writes detecti#e stories* $lo#e stories& A. The tram lea#es at ;. $;.7D& C. " come from 6cotland. $Wales& 0D. " !lay tennis* $golf& 00. " collect coins* $stam!s& 04.0 agree with eter. $ aul& 07.0 always ha#e lunch with Andrew. $George& 0;. " !aint in water/colours* $oils& 0<. He !refers Ann. $Mary& 0=. " cook it in ,utter* $oil& 0?. He sells ta!erecorders. $radios& 0A. " teach Fnglish. $Jrench& 0C. " li#e in Washington $9ew 5ork& $. Report the original statements in the ollowing situations: Situation: The girl asked Tom a,out the film. 3Wonderful3 he said. He told her it was wonderful. 0. Ro,ert asked his teacher a,out his mark in the test. 3Gery 0==

,ad3 was the answer. 4. 35ou are a #ery good student3 the teacher said. Ro,ert was !leased. 7. The doctor looked at 'ane and said: 35ou ha#e a #ery ,ad cold+3 ;. The doctor looked at Tony and said: 35ou are too fat+3 <. Mrs :utler !ut another cigarette in her mouth. "t was her 7D th that day. 35ou smoke too much3 her hus,and said. =. The mechanic looked at :ert's car and said: 3The engine is worn out+3 ?. 'ane was already in the !ool. 3The water's #ery warm3 she shouted* so Tony 1um!ed in. A. The salesman wanted f <DDD for the car. 3The !rice is too high3 6am said and walked out of the sho!. C. The teenager wanted a drink ,ut the ,arman looked at him and said: 35ou are too young.3 0D. 'ane asked the time. 3"t's fi#e o'clock3 was Mary's answer. 00. "n the middle of the test Ro,ert said: 3" ha#e a terri,le headache.3 The teacher's answer was: 3All right. 5ou can go out.3 04. Mr :rown's watch was ,roken* so he asked his friend the time. 37.7D3 was the answer. 3"'m awfully sorry ,ut " ha#e to go now. " ha#e an a!!oint/ ment.3 07. 3" ha#e done my test3 :ill said. 35ou may go out3 said his teacher. $#. ,hoose the right word: 0. A few days $,efore* ago& we cele,rated my mother's fifty/fifth ,irthday. 6he was sorry her cousin wasn't !resent. He had gone away on ,usiness $yesterday* the day ,efore&. 4. " ga#e my friend my dictionary $last week* the week ,efore& and he !romised to return it $tomorrow* the ne>t day&. He ke!t his !romise. 7. $8ast month* the !re#ious month& " saw 'ohn. He looked sun,urnt. He had returned from the south $last week* the !re#ious week&. ;. Bick s!ent last 6unday in the country. He said he had worked hard $today* that day&. <. " saw Mary at < $yesterday* the day ,efore&. 6he said she was #ery ,usy $now* then&. =. When " was at Gictor's some days $ago* ,efore& he showed me a good dictionary. He said he had ,ought $this* that& dictionary in Fngland. ?. "'#e 1ust !honed :ill. " learned that he is lea#ing $tonight* that night&. A. " met 'ohn at the li,rary some days ago. He said he would come $here* there& again $tomorrow* the following day&. $##. Report the ollowing statements: 0. Mike to eter $on Jriday&: My ,rother is coming tonight. eter to Eate $on the same day&: eter to Eate $on 6aturday&: eter to Eate $a week later&: 4. Mary to Bick $on Tuesday&: " saw Harry yesterday. Bick to 'ane $on the same day&: Bick to 'ane $on Wednesday&: Bick to 'ane $a week later&: 0=? 7. 'ohn to 8ucy $on Monday&: "'m taking my Fnglish e>am tomorrow. 8ucy to Tom $on the same day&: 8ucy to Tom $on Tuesday&: 8ucy to Tom $on Wednesday&: 8ucy to Tom $on 6aturday&: ;. :etsy to Eate $on Monday&: "'m #ery ,usy today. Eate to Tom $on the same day&: Eate to Tom $a few days later&: <. Jred to 6te#e $on 6aturday&: " wrote to my mother this morning. 6te#e to :ill $on the same day&: 6te#e to :ill $on 6unday&: =. Mary $!ointing to a ta,le near a window&: " left the ,ook there 'oan $standing ,y the window&: 'oan $e>!laining the situation to another&: ?. Helen to Mary $on Monday morning&: "'m free now. Mary to :ar,ara $a few minutes later&: $###. !se the ollowing sentences in situations: e.g. 6he said she had returned from "taly the !re#ious week. 8ast month " met my friend 8ucy. " hadn't seen her for a long time. 6he said she had returned from "taly the !re#ious week. 0. He said he is lea#ing tonight. 4. He said he had consulted a doctor the day ,efore. 7. He said she is in hos!ital now. ;. He said he would s!end his holidays there again. <. 6he told me she saw an interesting film yesterday. =. He said he would ,e lea#ing for Moscow that night. ?. 6he said she would go to the south this summer. A. He told me he had ,ought a car the !re#ious week. C. He !romised he would fi> it the ne>t day. 0D. 6he said he was in the li,rary at that time. 00. 6he said she will ,e taking her e>am tomorrow. 04. 6he said she would go away on ,usiness ne>t week. 07. 6he said she recei#ed a !arcel last week. 0;. He said he's going

to #isit :ill today. #+. 5esterday you met a friend of yours* (harlie. He told you a lot of things. Here are some of the things he said to you: "'m thinking of going to li#e in (anada. My father is in hos!ital. 9ick and 'ane are getting married ne>t month. " ha#en't seen :ill for a while. "'#e ,een !laying tennis a lot lately. 8ater that day you tell another friend what (harlie said. Hse re!orted s!eech. +. Alan is coming to s!end a few days with the 6miths. He !ho nes from the station. :etty 6mith answers. 0=A a& 6he re!orts Alan's remarks to her hus,and while the con#ersation is still going on. A: "'m !honing from the station. :: He says he's !honing from the station. ,& This time* :etty re!orts the con#ersation later. :: He said he was !honing from the station. 0. "'#e 1ust arri#ed. 4. The train was late. 7. The station is !acked with foot,all fans from my home town. ;. " can hardly hear you: they are making such a noise. <. "'ll try to get a ta>i. =. :ut this may take some time as all the foot,all fans want ta>is too. ?. 0 may ha#e to lea#e my luggage in the station and get a ,us. A. " ho!e to ,e with you in a,out an hour. C. " ha#e a Jrench girl with me called Marie (eleste. 0D. Her ,rother asked me to look after her. 00. We're waiting for her friends ,ut " don't see any sign of them. 04. "f they don't turn u! "'ll ha#e to ,ring Marie with me. 07. " ho!e you won't mind. 0;. "'m sure you'll like her. 0<. 6he is the most charming girl " ha#e e#er met. 0=. "'m going to try to get her a 1o, in my college. 0?. "t's #ery good of you to !ut me u!. 0A. "'m afraid " can only stay three days. 0C. "'m looking forward to seeing you again #ery much. 4D. "'#e got lots of messages for you from my family. Fluency 9. Listen to the conversations and answer the questions: 0. Re!orter: Ha#e you 1ust made a new film* Miss Marsh- Miss Marsh: 5es* " ha#e. Re!orter: Are you going to make another- . Miss Marsh: 9o* "'m not. "'m going to retire. " feel #ery tired. " don't want to make another film for a long time. Eate: 8et's ,uy a news!a!er* Millie. 8isten to this: 3Ea/ ren Marsh: 6ensational 9ews+ ,y our re!orter* Alan 'ones. Miss Earen Marsh arri#ed at 8ondon air!ort today. 6he was wearing a ,lue dress and a mink coat. 6he told me she had 1ust made a new film. 6he said she was not going to make another. 6he said she was going to retire. 6he told re!orters she felt #ery tired and didn't want to make another film for a long time.3 Millie: Well* fancy that* Eate+ Questions: Has Miss Marsh 1ust made a new film- What is Miss Marsh going to do- Why doesn't Miss Marsh want to make another film- Who ,ought a news!a!er- Where did Miss Marsh arri#e- What was Miss Marsh wearing- What did the re!orter write a,out Miss Marsh0=C 4. Re!orter: Are you really going to retire* Miss Marsh- ' 'v i Miss Marsh: " may. " can't make u! my mind. " shall ha#e to ask my future hus,and. He won't let me make another film. Re!orter: 5our future hus,and* Miss Marsh- Miss Marsh: 5es. 8et me introduce him to you. His name is (arlos. We shall get married ne>t week Eate: 8ook* Millie+ Here's another re!ort a,out Miss Marsh. 8isten: 3Earen Marsh: The 8atest. At her 8ondon Hotel today Miss Marsh told re!orters

she might retire. 6he said she couldn't make u! her mind. 6he said she would ha#e to ask her future hus,and. 6he said her future hus,and would not let her make another film. Then she introduced us to (arlos and told us they would get married ne>t week.3 Millie: That's sensational news* isn't it* EateEate: "t certainly is. He'll ,e her si>th hus,and+ Questions: "s Miss Marsh really going to retire* or is she still not sure- 6he can't make u! her mind* can she- What is the name of her future hus,and- When will they get married- Bid Miss Marsh introduce (arlos to the re!orters- How did the re!orter descri,e the news"lton Oash2 pop star 3"'m not staying in Fngland long. "'m on my way to the Hnited 6tates. "'m going to record another al,um. "'#e written ten new songs. " like recording in Betroit. " made my last al,um there. "'ll ,e in Betroit for si> weeks.3 Stanley 3alsh2 ex- oot(aller 3" don't like re!orters. They'#e written a lot of lies a,out me. They destroyed my marriage. "'#e got a new career. "'m tired of foot,all. "'ll ne#er !lay in Fngland again. " can't say anything more.3 ///. Listen to the texts and do some exercises on the texts: 'ulia and 'im* her ,oyfriend* are outside a restaurant. 'ulia wants to know something ,efore they go in. 3Are you sure it's a good restaurant-3 3)h* yes+3 'im is saying. 3"'#e ,een here ,efore. "t's #ery good. " know the owner and " always get good ser#ice.3 0?D 0. Where are 'ulia and 'im4. (orrect the statements: a& 'im says it is a ,ad !lace. ,& He says he has ne#er ,een here ,efore. c& He says he does not know anyone. d& He says he ne#er gets good ser#ice. 'im and 'ulia ha#e ,een in the restaurant for an hour and they still ha#e not ,een ser#ed. 'ulia is angry. 35ou said this was a good !lace+3 she is saying. 35ou said that you had ,een here ,efore+ 5ou said you knew the owner and always got good ser#ice+3 0. Where are 'ulia and 'im4. Ask 3How long...-3 and answer. 7. Why is 'ulia angry;. What did 'im say ,efore they camea& good !lace ,& ,efore c& the owner d& good ser#ice "t is lucky 'ulia takes the same ,us e#ery morning and knows the conductor. This is their con#ersation this morning: 3"'m sorry. "'#e left my money at home.3 3"t doesn't matter. 5ou can !ay tomorrow.3 Hnfortunately an ins!ector is going to get on the ,us at the ne>t sto!. 0. Why is it lucky she knows the conductor- 4. What are her e>act words- 7. What are the conductor's e>act words- ;. What is going to ha!!en at the ne>t sto!The ins!ector got on a minute ago and he wants to see e#eryone's ticket. 'ulia is e>!laining why she has not got one. 3" told the conductor " had left my money at home. He told me it did not matter and that " could !ay tomorrow.3 0. What does the ins!ector want to do' 4. What is 'ulia doing- 7. What did she tell the conductor- ;. What did he tell herTom is going into town and 6usan wants him to do something for her there. 3"t's my mother's ,irthday tomorrow. Will you get her some flowers in town- 6he lo#es roses.3 Tom is saying: 3Bon't worry. "'ll get her some. " won't forget.3 0. What does 6usan want

Tom to do- 4. Ask why+ $and answer& 7. Ask and answer these 2uestions+ a& When/,irthday ,& What sort of flowers ;. What is Tom sayingTom has come ,ack from town ,ut he has forgotten to get the roses. 6usan is #ery u!set. 3" told you it was my mother's ,irthday tomorrow and that she lo#ed roses. 5ou said you would get her some' 5ou said you wouldn't forget+3 0. Ask why 6usan is u!set+ $and answer& 4. What did she tell him- 7. What did he say0?0 Self check /. !se the proper tense orms. When " $ring u!& my friend he $!re!are& for his tri!. He $say& that he $!ack& e#erything ,ut he $not* ,uy& a ticket yet. " $!romise& him that " $hel!& him. " $,e free& and " $can& go to the ,ooking/office. He $thank& me and $add& that he $,e grateful& to me. At 7 o'clock " $,ring& his ticket and my friend $start& for the railway station. Mrs Hudson $,e& a,out ;D when she $,egin& to feel !ains in the heart. 6he $go& to the doctor and $tell& him that she $not* feel& well for the last two months. The doctor $ask& her if she $ha#e& a lot of work a,out the house. 6he $say& she $ha#e& a large family . 4 sons and 7 daughters to look after. Her hus,and $die& two years ,efore. Her younger son* Mike* $fall& ill the !re#ious week and she $,e afraid& he $not* get well& soon. Her elder son* Farnest* $1oin& the army some days ,efore. The doctor $ad#ise& Mrs Hudson not to work so hard. He said she must take care of herself ,ecause her heart $,e& really weak. 6he said it $not* ,e& easy ,ut she $do& her ,est. )ne day an old lady $ha!!en& to ,e !assing ,y a lunatic asylum. 6eeing one of the lunatics she $sto!& to talk to him. After they $talk& for some time the old lady $o,ser#e& that she $not* think& he $,e& mad at all. The man $assure& that he certainly $not* ,e&. He $say& that his relati#es $send& him there 1ust to get rid of him. The old lady $!romise& that she $look& into the matter and $go& down the road. 6uddenly a ,ig !iece of wood $hit& her in the ,ack of her neck. 6he $turn& round and $see& the lunatic wa#ing at her* so she $ask& what $,e wrong&. 9othing* he said* he merely $want& to remind her. 'ohn Ro,inson 1ust $return& home from the (ontinent and $ha#e& a rest at his home in the su,ur,s of 8ondon after a long tri! ,y air. A friend of his* whose name was 'ames Bo,son* $ring& him u! saying that he $,e& glad his friend $arri#e& home safely and that he would like to see 'ohn at his !lace on the following day. 'ohn said he $feel& a ,it tired after a long 1ourney across Furo!e and $,e* not& sure he $,e a,le& to come. UNIT 10 T) "(: FIN IN) T%E 7A& ()MMH9"(AT")9: )RATITU E( ARRESTIN) S#!E#NEES ATTENTI#N( TE'T( PU9"IC TRANSP#RT A ta>i* sometimes called a ca,* is the most comforta,le way to tra#el. 5ou sim!ly hail a ta>i in the street or go to a ta>i/rank where there are se#eral ta>is waiting* for e>am!le* at a station. At the end of your 1ourney you can see how much the fare is ,y looking at the meter. 5ou add a ti! to this* and that's all. Gery sim!le. :ut e>!ensi#e+ What a,out taking a ,us- "t has two floors* it's called a dou,le/decker and you can get a good #iew from the to!. "f it has only one floor* it's called a single/decker. Most ,uses ha#e a two/!erson crew: the dri#er who dri#es* of course* and the conductor $or the conductress if it's a woman& who takes your money. Eee! your ticket ,ecause an ins!ector might want to check it. 5ou catch a ,us ,y waiting at a ,us/sto!. 5ou can see where a ,us is going ,ecause the destination is written on the front. :ut try to a#oid the rush hour. uicker than the ,us is the underground $called the tu,e in 8ondon* the su,way in 9ew 5ork and the metro in aris and many other cities&. 5ou ,uy your ticket at the ticket/ office. Go down to the !latform on the escalator or in the lift. The train comes. The sli/ ding doors o!en. 5ou get on. 5ou look at the ma! of the underground system. Gery sim!le. Jor longer distances take a train or a long distance ,us* usually called a coach which is slower ,ut chea!er. The train is #ery fast. ut your luggage on the rack and sit and wait till you arri#e.

Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text -.u(lic 1ransport- and answer the questions: What is the most comforta,le way to tra#el- How do you take a ta>i- What are the ,uses in Fngland like- Which is the 2uickest means of trans!ort- How do you tra#el ,y the underground- What is a coach//. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. 0?7 S+ecial ifficulties /. !se -avoid gerund-: An old man is talking to his doctor. A: " tra#elled o#ernight and felt awful afterwards. :: Then try to a#oid tra#elling o#ernight. " ... and felt awful afterwards. ". got #ery angry 4. drank too much. 7. went to ,ed too late ;. rushed a,out <. stood for a long time = made a long s!eech $Hse s!eeches& ?. read in a ,ad light A. carried a hea#y suitcase $Hse suitcases& C. !layed cards all night 0D. took slee!ing !ills 00. tra/ #elled ,y 1et 04. worked all weekend 07. 2uarrelled with my neigh,ours. //. .araphrase using one sentence: e.g. He was a,le to !ass the e>am. He worked #ery hard. He !assed his e>am ,y working #ery hard. 0. We managed to get to the station on time. We took a ta>i. 4. He was a,le to com!lete his education. He got a !art/time 1o,. 7. 6he im!ro#ed her !ronunciation. 6he listened to Fnglish records. ;. 6he sa#ed some money. 6he ty!ed all the !a!ers herself. <. He was a,le to finish the article ,y the end of the month. He worked at night. =. " im!ro#ed my grammar. " did a lot of e>ercises. ?. 6he enlarged her #oca,ulary. 6he read a lot. ///. .araphrase using the modal ver( -might- to express uncertainty: e.g. erha!s it will rain today. "t might rain today. ". erha!s 'ane will come ,y the < o'clock train. 4. erha!s the ,us will ,e late. 7. erha!s :etsy won't come. ;. erha!s 'ohn will catch the ?.7D train. <. erha!s it will snow tonight. =. erha!s the article will ,e !u,lished in tomorrow's news!a!er. ?. erha!s 'ackson will !lay today. Te,t E,ercises /. As& questions on the means o pu(lic transport in "ngland. ##. Spea& on the pu(lic transport in "ngland. ###. Spea& on the pu(lic transport in your city. 0?; Conversation Practice Gratitude. Arresting 6omeone's Attention. a& How to arrest someone's attention: F>cuse me* $!lease& ... ardon me... 6orry to ... $interru!t* interfere* ,other&* ,ut... 8ook here+ 'ust a minute0 ,& How to re!ly: 5esWellWhat is itWhat can 0 do for youc& How to thank someone: Thank you $#ery much&/so much. Thanks. Thank you #ery much indeed. That's nice $kind& of you. Thank you anyway "'m #ery grateful to you.

d& How to re!ly to gratitude: $)h& that's )E/all right. 9ot at all. 5ou're welcome. Bon't mention it "t's a !leasure. /. Listen to the ollowing phrases2 imitate and learn them: Where is itHere. There. To the right. To the left. )n the corner. Where is the !lace you are talking a,out"t's here. "t's a little farther. 0?< "t's on the main street. "t's on Jifth A#enue. Which way- This way- That way"t's right here. "t's near. "t's there. "t's not #ery far. "t's farther. "t's far from here. . "s it far- . 9o* it's a fi#e minutes' walk from here. . "s it far from here- . "t's an hour's ride away. . "s it near here- . 9o* it's 2uite a long way from here. . How far is it- . "t's ten miles from here. . How far is it from here to there- . "t's twenty miles from here. How far are we from 9ew 5orkHow many miles is it from here to 9ew 5ork. Where is the ,us/sto!- . "t's 1ust round the corner. . Where is the !ost/office- . "t's on the other side of the street. . Where is the !olice/station- . "t's at the end of the street. . Where is the hos!ital- .The hos!ital is two ,locks from here 1ust ,efore you come to the highway. . Where is the chemist's- . "t's the third ,lock to the right. Turn right. Turn to the right. Jollow this road. Turn left. Turn to the left. Take route se#en. Go this way. Go straight ahead. Go to the corner and turn le.ft. Go straight three ,locks and then turn to the right. Go along this street as far as the monument and turn to the left. Go along this street as far as the traffic lights* then take the street on your right. Go straight along this road as far as the chemist's* then take the first turning on your right. Take a num,er 4; ,us and go as far as the su!ermarket. Then change for a 070 ,us. Take this ,us and go three sto!s. Then take a trolley/,us. (atch a 44 ,us and go as far as Jifth A#enue. There you'll ha#e to change for the su,way. How do " get there- How do " get to 9ew 5ork from here- At what sto! do " get off- Where do " get off- At what station do " get off- Bo " get off here- Bo " get off at the ne>t sto!- Bo " change ,uses here- What ,us do " take to get there- Bo " take the Hnderground to get thereWill this ,us take me to the Grand Hotel- Boes this ,us go to the ,ankWill you !lease let me know when we get to Regent 6treet- Which is the right way to 8ondon :ridge- Which is the shortest way to the railway station- Which is the 2uickest way to )>ford 6treet- Am " right for the centre- Am " right for Barwin 6treet0?= Am " right for Hyde ark- Am " on the right ,us"s this the right ,us to the (entral ark"s there a ,us from here to the :ristol Hotel"s there an underground station not far from here(ould you gi#e me some information- . Gladly. (an you tell me the way to 8i#er!ool 6tation(ould you !lease show me the way to the centre(an you tell me how to get to the :ristol Hotel-

(an you direct me to the :ritish Museum(an you tell me where Eing 6treet is* !lease(an you tell me how " can get to this !lace(an you tell me how " can get to this addressHow can " get to :roadway"'m trying to find my way to (olum,ia 8'ni#ersity. " want to get to the :ritish Museum. "'m looking for a !ost/office. " don't know this town and " can't find my way round. "'m afraid "'#e lost my way. % "'m afraid "'m lost. 5ou see "'m a stranger here. What's the fare* !leaseGi#e me two tokens* !lease. //. Listen to the dialogues and learn them. /a&e up similar dialogues. 0. . F>cuse me* can you tell me where 6outh 6treet is* !lease. Take the second turning on the left and then ask again. . "s it far. 9o* it's only a,out fi#e minutes' walk. v . Many thanks. 4. . F>cuse me* !lease. (ould you tell me the way to the sta/ tion- / Turn round and turn left at the traffic lights. . Will it take me long to get there. 9o* it's no distance at all. . Thank you. . That's ).E. 7. . F>cuse me* ,ut "'m trying to find the Town Hall. . Take the third on the right and go straight on. . 6hould " take a ,us. 9o* you can walk it under fi#e minutes. . Thank you #ery much indeed. . That's 2uite all right. ;. . F>cuse me* !lease. (ould you tell me how to get to the town centre. Jirst right* second left. 5ou can't miss it. 0?? . "s it too far to walk. 9o* it's only a cou!le of hundred yards. . Thanks #ery much. . "t's a !leasure. <. . Boes this ,us go to the station. 9o* you'll ha#e to get off at the ,ank and take a 0C4. . (an you tell me where to get off. "t's the ne>t sto! ,ut one. =. . Am " ).E. for 6t Mary's (hurch. 9o* we only go as far as the !ark* ,ut you can walk frorn there. . How much further is it. "t's 2uite a way yet* ,ut "'ll tell you in good time. ?. . "s this the right ,us for the Town Hall. 9o* you should ha#e caught a 04. 'um! out at the ,ridge and get one there. . (ould you tell me when we get there. "t's three sto!s after this one. A. . F>cuse me. . 5es. (ould you tell me the way to the hos!ital* !lease. 5es* go along this street and turn right at the traffic lights. The hos!ital is on the left. . Thank you.

. That's ).E. C. . F>cuse me. . 5es. (ould you tell me how to get to the ,ank* !lease. 5es* of course. Go along this road as far as the traffic lights. Then turn left into the High 6treet and it's on the right. . "s it far. 9o* not #ery far. . Thank you #ery much. . 5ou're welcome. 0D. . F>cuse me* miss. "s this where the 77 ,us sto!s. Well* se#eral ,uses sto! here. The 77 sto!s here too. 7here do you want to go. " want to get to 8a Guardia Air!ort. . The 77 will take you there. . Thank you. . 9ot at all. 00. . F>cuse me... " want to get to alladium Theatre. Bo " get off at the ne>t sto!. Well* what's that sto!- )h no+ 5ou go farther. Two or three 0?A sto!s more. )h ... wait a moment. 5ou may get off here and take another route ,us. "t'll ,e !ro,a,ly 2uicker. / / 5es* it surely is more con#enient. /// Listen to the conversations2 as& and answer questions2 role-play the conversations. Conversation 1 K :rian: F>cuse me. Woman: 5es:rian: 6orry to ,other you* ,ut could you tell me the way to (astle Road* !leaseWoman: "'m afraid "'#e no idea. "'m a stranger here myself. :rian: )h* " see. Well* thank you anyway. Woman: 6orry* " couldn't hel!. $He walks for a little while. He comes u! to a ta>i/dri#er.& :rian: F>cuse me. Ta>i/dri#er: 5es- What is it:rian: (ould you tell me how to get to (astle Road* !leaseTa>i/dri#er: (astle Road- 8et me think now ... 5es ... Go along this road as far as Tesco's . that's a large su!ermarket. Then turn left and (astle Road is the first turning on the right. :rian: " see. 6traight on as far as the su!ermarket... then left... then right. Ta>i/dri#er: 5es* that's right. :rian: "t's not too far from here* is itTa>i/dri#er: )h no* only a few minutes. :rian: )h* good. Well* thank you #ery much. Ta>i/dri#er: 9ot at all. Questions: What is :rian looking for- (an the woman hel! him- Who hel!s him find the way to (astle RoadConversation 3 6tudent: F>cuse me* can you tell me the way to 8ondon Hni#ersity* !lease- 8ondoner: "'m afraid " can't. "'m sorry. Ask the !oliceman o#er there. He will ,e a,le to tell you. 6tudent: Where is the !oliceman- " can't see him. 8ondoner: )#er there* on the other side of the road. 6tudent: )h* yes* "'ll go and ask him. Thank you #ery much. (ould you tell me how to get to 8ondon Hni#ersity* !lease0?C

oliceman: 8ondon Hni#ersity- Go to )>ford (ircus and then take a ,us. 5ou can't get a ,us direct from here. 6tudent: How do 0 get to )>ford (ircusoliceman: Go straight along this street till you get to the traffic lights* turn right at the light* kee! straight on a little way* then take the second turning on your left and that ,rings you to )>ford (ir cus. 5ou can't miss it. 6tudent: And what ,us must " take when " get there/ oliceman: The ?7. 6tudent: And what sto! must " go tooliceman: Goodge 6treet. :ook to Goodge 6treet and ask the ,us conductor to lell you when you get there. 6tudent: )ne more thing* how long will it take me to get to the Hni#ersityoliceman: A,out half an hour* " think. 6tudent: " must hurry then. " mustn't ,e late.Many thanks. $8ater at )>ford (ircus& 6tudent: Boes the ?7 ,us sto! hereasser/,y: 9o* you're in the wrong 2ueue. 6tudent: Where does it sto!* !leaseasser/,y: "t sto!s 1ust round the corner. 6tudent: Thank you asser/,y: There's a ?7 coming now. "f you hurry you'll catch it. 6tudent: $to ,us conductor&: Boes this ,us go to Goodge 6treet:us (onductor: Goodge 6treet- 5es* that's right. 6tudent: Would you tell me when " get there* !lease:us (onductor: 5es* "'ll tell you 'um! on now. 5ou're holding u! the 2ueue. Questions: What is the student looking for- Who hel!s him find 8ondon Hni#ersity- What directions does the !oliceman gi#e the student/" 5ow wor& in pairs ta&ing turns to as& or and give directions rom point + to the ollowing: 0 the ,ank. 4. the !ost/office. 7. the !olice/station. ;. the chemist's <. the cinema =. the su!ermarket ?.the li,rary A the railway station C. the hotel 0D. the hos!ital $ Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5ou'#e got a new fiat and are going to ha#e a house/warming !arty. 5ou'#e in#ited some of your friends. At the moment you are 0AD telling your friend how to get to your !lace. 4. 5ou arranged to meet your friend at his/her office. At the moment he/she is telling you how to get there. 7. "t's dinner time. 5ou are hungry. 5ou sto! a !asser/,y and ask him/her the way to the nearest restaurant. 8istening " Jorgot to ut 5ou )ff " lo#e tra#elling in the country* ,ut " don't like losing my way. " went on an e>cursion recently* ,ut my tri! took me longer than " e>!ected. 3"'m going to Woodford Green3* " said to the conductor as " got on the ,us* 3,ut " don't know where it is3. 3"'ll tell you where to get off3* answered the conductor. " sat in the front of the ,us to get a good #iew of the country side. After some time the ,us sto!!ed. 8ooking round* " reali@ed with a shock that " was the only !assenger left on the ,us. 35ou'll ha#e to get off here3* said the conductor. 3This is as far as we go.3 3"s this Woodford Green-3 " asked. 3)h dear3* said the conductor suddenly. 3" forgot to !ut you off.3

3"t doesn't matter3* " said. 3"'ll get off here.3 3We are going ,ack now3* said the conductor. 3Well* in that case* " !refer to stay on the ,us*3 " answered. Questions: Where did the writer want to go- Bid he know the way or not- What did the conductor !romise to do- Bid they arri#e at the ,us terminus or not- What did the writer ask- What did the conductor reali@e then- Why did the writer stay on the ,us8inda is Going to Mar,le Arch 8inda :lake is a young 1ournalist. 5esterday she went [ an inter#iew for a 1o, with the F:(. The inter#iew was at 0D o'clock The com!any's head2uarters was near Mar,le Arch* in the centre of 8ondon 6he got on a ,us at C.0< "t was a num,er ?C. The conductor asked for her fare. 6he told him she was going to Mar,le Arch. 3We don't go to Mar,le Arch. This is a ?C 5ou want a ?C A*3 he said. Then he told her she could catch S ?C A at the ne>t sto!. 6he got off and waited at the ne>t sto!. 6he looked at her watch. 6he did not ha#e #ery much time Another woman was at the sto!* too. 6he told 8inda that the ?C A did not sto! there ,ut u! the road. 0A0 Then she asked 8inda where/she wanted/to go.3 v 3Mar,le Arch*3 8inda answered. 35ou want an AC: then* not a ?CA+3 the woman said. 8inda got on an AC:. "t was now C.;<. Mar,le Arch was only a mile away. 6he asked the conductor how long it took to get there. 3"t takes a,out half an hour this time of the day. "t's all the traffic. "f you're in a hurry* you ought to take the Hnderground or walk. "t's much faster+3 the conductor answered. Questions: Where did 8inda want to go- Why did she want to go there- What ha!!ened on the first ,us- What did 8inda find out after she had got off the first ,us- Bescri,e what ha!!ened on the second ,us $the AC:& )n a 8ondon :us A strange thing ha!!ened to Henri yesterday. He was on a ,us and wanted to get off. 6o he stood u! and rang the ,ell. To make sure the dri#er heard him* he rang it twice* ,ut the ,us didn't sto!* and the conductor came and shouted at him. The conductor was so annoyed and s!oke so fast* that Henri didn't understand a word. The ,us sto!!ed at the ne>t ,us sto! and Henri got off. As he got off he heard someone say: 3" think he's a foreigner.3. When Henri got home* he told his landlady a,out the incident. 3How many times did you ring the ,ell-3 she asked. 3Twice3* said Henri. 3Well* that's the signal for the dri#er to go on*3 his land lady e>!lained. 3)nly the conductor is allowed to ring the ,ell twice. That's why he got so annoyed.3 Henri nodded. 3" see*3 he said. Questions: Where was Henri- What did he want to do- How did Henri indicate to the dri#er that he wanted to get off- How many times did he ring the ,ell- Bid the ,us sto!What did the conductor do- Why couldn't Henri understand the conductor- Was the con/ ductor annoyed- What did Henri do when the ,us sto!!ed- What did he hear someone say- Who did he tell a,out the incident- Who is allowed to ring the ,ell twiceRea-in. Getting around a city on !u,lic trans!ortation in the H6 is generally not as easy as it is in many other countries* ,ut it is !ossi,le. )nly a few cities ha#e su,ways* ,ut most towns of <D DDD or more ha#e some kind of city ,us ser#ice. There are se#eral ways to !ay for ,us trans!ortation in the city. "n some cities* you dro! your money into the fare ,o>. "n others* 0A4 you ha#e to ,uy tickets ,efore you get on the ,us. "n some you can ,uy a s!ecial !ass to ,e used for the day* week or month. And in some you ,uy tokens* which look something like coins* and you use them to get on the ,us and enter the su,way. 6u,ways in cities are known ,y different names. "n :oston* the system is the MTA*

sometimes called 3the T3. Washington* B.(.* has a new su,way they call the Metro* and the 6an Jrancisco :ay Area's system is :ART . :ay Area Ra!id Transit. "n 9ew 5ork* it's the su,way* ,ut !eo!le often say the name of the line* e.g. the Ath A#enue. And in (hicago* the tracks are !artly underground and !artly ele#ated* and !eo!le call the system 3the el.3 "f you can't get where you want to ,y ,us or su,way* you can always take a ca,. "n many cities it is almost im!ossi,le to sto! a ca, on the street. "t's easier to call a ta>i com!any listed in the 5ellow ages and ask them to send a ca, to your door. The meter will show the amount you ha#e to !ay. The dri#er will usually e>!ect a ti! at least 0D . "n 9ew 5ork* ca,s are e#erywhere on the streets* and ca,,ies e>!ect a ti! of 0< . Self check /. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. . aWT^T[_* \qV. yQ_\m O\[R^RWSTWR_[\h RW[OUi\ 4?. lR. diQR WM YO[T[_ eVO_YR[m. L RqVOeOV[. . 4? QOW_a_[ WR\ [iQR. . jeR\TUO. 4. . aWT^T[_* \qV* UOb\m* k[O h aRUSiQTSR\m. LM ^_ ZOf_[_ Z^_ eOZOkm. diQR WRZ ^RQO eVOn[T. L PO\[T^Ti }oT^\N. . w[O W eh[T NWRV[RSRY O[\bQR. QT[_ eO q[On iST_ QO \W_[OzOVR. LM WTQT[_ _PO/ lR. . yR[_Z eOW_V^T[_ ^RS_WO i \W_[OzOVR* eVOnQT[_ [VT NWRV[RSR T WM iWTQT[_ PO\[T^Ti }oT^\N. . jeR\TUO. . `_ \[OT[ USRPOQRV^O\[T. 7. . |VO\[T[_* NRN QO_YR[m QO _^[VRSm^OPO ^TW_VZRPR. jRQT[_\m ^R RW[OUi\ A; T _afRn[_ QO O\[R^OWNT }_^[VRSm^Mn ^TW_VZRP. WR\ inQ_[ ONOSO QWRQR[T ZT^i[* k[OUM QO_YR[m [iQR. |OeVO\T[_ NOPO/^TUiQm \NRaR[m WRZ* PQ_ WMn[T. . jeR\TUO. . `_ aR k[O. 0A7 ;. . |VO\[T[_* q[O[ RW[OUi\ TQ_[ QO WONaRSR. `_[* WRZ ^if_^ 70. ]^ QOW_a_[ WR\ eVhZO QO WONaRSR <. . dRNTZ [VOSS_nUi\OZ [M _Q_Xm ^R VRUO[i. c ^_ _afi [VOSS_nUi\OZ. L^RkRS_ h _Qi ^R RW[OUi\_* R eO[OZ e_V_\RfTWRb\m ^R Z_[VO. =. . LM ^_ \NRf_[_* _\[m ST ^_QRS_NO O[\bQR eOk[R. L NO^_ iSTM. Fluency /. Answer the questions: A. What is the traffic in your city like- What kind of city trans!ort do you like- What is the most con#enient kind of city trans !ort- At what time does the ,us ser#ice ,egin in your city- Till what time do ,uses run- What do we call the hours when the cit trans!ort carries the greatest num,er of !assengers- When art ,uses usually full- What do we call the money !assengers !a for their tri! on ,uses- What is the fare on the Minsk ,usesArt there conductors on ,uses in Minsk- Ha#e you e#er tra#elled a,road- What countries ha#e you #isited- "s the !u,lic trans!ort in those countries different from the !u,lic trans!ort in this country:. What street do you li#e in- Where do you work- "s youi office far from your houseHow do you get to work- What num,er ,us do you take to get to work- Bo you ha#e to change on your way to work- Where do you change- How long does it take you to get to work- How did you get here- How long did it take you- What's the easiest way to get to these !laces from this ,uilding: the Town HallI the nearest cinemaI the market*

etc. Ha#e you e#er ,een lost in a large city- Where- When- Ha#e you e#er had to gi#e directions to a stranger in this town/city- Bo you always ,uy a ma! when you go to a new city in this country or a,road' Why/Why not//. Spea& on: a& !u,lic trans!ort in your city/town ,& how you get to work c& your e>!erience in finding the way in this country or a,road ///. ,ompare the pu(lic transport in your city?town and the pu(lic transport in the country you visited some time ago. #$. #n pairs2 as& and give directions to places in this town?city rom this (uilding. 0A; $. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. An Fnglish s!eaker sto!s you in the street in your home town or city and asks you the way $in Fnglish& to the !ost/office $the railway station* etc.&. What do you say a& if you are not sure where it is or are in too much of a hurry to gi#e com!licated directions to a stranger ,& if you know where it is and can e>!lain 2uite easily how to get there. 4. 5ou are talking to an Fnglish #isitor to this country. He/she asks you a,out !laces that he/she should #isit. 5ou make suggestions where to go* what to see and how to get there. 3riting 0. 5ou ha#e in#ited an Fnglish/s!eaking friend to come and ' stay with you for a few days. 5ou had arranged to meet him/her at the station* ,ut now you find you will not ,e a,le to do so. Write a short letter e>!laining why you will not ,e there to meet him/her and gi#ing careful directions on how to get to your house or flat ,y !u,lic trans!ort from the station. "nclude a hand/ drawn ma! and refer to it in the letter. 4. Write a con#ersation in dialogue form ,etween a ,usinessman and an old woman. The man is in a hurry to get to an a!!ointment* ,ut can't find the street. He asks the old woman* who wants to ,e as hel!ful as she can. U NIT 11 GRAMMAR: REP#RTE STATE!ENTS4 8UESTI#NS4 C#!!AN S AN E!#TI#NS( Illustrative Situations Reporting ver(s used to report statements: say* tell $con#eying information&I !romise $!romise&I e>!lain $e>!lanation&I agree $agreement&I disagree $disagreement&I refuse $refusal&I remark $casual remark&I add $additional remark&I warn $warning&I remind $reminder&I answer* re!ly $answer&I assure $assurance&I announce $announcement& and others. Reporting ver(s used to report questions: ask* wonder* want to know* in2uire 0. Mother to eter: "'ll ,uy you a ,icycle if you do well at school. eter's mother !romised her son that she would ,uy him a ,icycle if he did well at school. 0A< 4. Roger to Bick: "'m fond of/ skating. " often skate in winter. Roger told Bick he was fond of skating and he often skated in winter. 7. Eate: The weather is fine. Tom: 5es* it is. Eate remarked that the weather was fine and Tom agreed with her. ;. 'im to the teacher: "'m late ,ecause " missed my ,us. 'im e>!lained to the teacher that he was late ,ecause he had missed his ,us. <. Mr :rown to his neigh,our: " shan't watch the match. "'m not fond of foot,all. Mr :rown told his neigh,our that he wouldn't watch the match ,ecause he was not fond of foot,all. =. Ann: The film is e>citing. Gictor: 9o* it isn't. Ann said the film was e>citing. Gictor disagreed with her. ?. Mr 6mith to his son: " shan't hel! you. 5ou can easily do it yourself. Mr 6mith refused to hel! his son saying he could easily do it himself. A. Bonald to 6te#e: "'m sure you'll win the game. Bonald assured 6te#e that he would

win the game. C. The dean to the students: The meeting will ,e held at 7 o'clock in room 00D. The dean announced that the meeting would ,e held at 7 o'clock in room 00D. 0D. Mary to aul: " ga#e my dictionary to you. Bo you remem,er- Mary reminded aul that she had gi#en her dictionary to him. 00. Helen to 9ick: "'ll let you know a,out my arri#al. "'ll send you a telegram. Helen told 9ick she would let him know a,out her arri#al and added that she would send him a telegram. 04. Mike to Mrs Green: 5ou'#e ,een kind to me. " shall ne#er forget it. Mike told Mrs Green that she had ,een kind to him and that he would ne#er forget it. 07. Alice to 'ane: 5ou'll ,e late if you don't hurry. Alice warned 'ane that she would ,e late if she didn't hurry. 0;. The attendant to the tourists: The museum is o!en from 0D to ?. The attendant informed the tourists that the museum was o!en from 0D to ?. 0<. 'ill to :ar,ara: (an you ty!e- :ar,ara: 5es* " can. 'ill asked :ar,ara if she could ty!e. :ar,ara answered that she could. 0A= 0=. Mr Hawk to the clerk: Ha#e you got any tickets for the 0D o'clock trainMr Hawk in2uired whether they had got any tickets for the 0D o'clock train. Practice /. Report the ollowing utterances. !se the reporting ver(s (est suited to the sense o the utterances. 0. Alec: 8ucy is a !retty child. Helen: 5es* she is. 4. Mary to Mr Hanson: "'#e ty!ed the documents already. 7. 'im to Harry: "'ll ,uy you a ticket for the match. ;. Alice to her sister: " won't stay with your son any longer. He's crying all the time. <. Gictor to Bick: We must ,e at the "nstitute at <. Bon't you remem,er- =. 'ack: " think 'ohn will ,e late. George: " don't think so. ?. Ro,ert to Harry: " didn't come ,ecause " was #ery ,usy. A. eter to Mary: Gictor is at home now. He is watching TG. C. 6te#e to Roger: "'ll come ,y the = o'clock train. "'ll ,e on time. 0D. :ill to Bick: " shan't in#ite Mike. " don't like him. 00. Bonald to his mother: "'ll send you a telegram as soon as " get to 8ondon. 04. eter to 'im: "'m sure you'll !ass the e>am. 07. Mary to 'ack: "f you don't lea#e immediately you'll miss the train. 0;. 8ucy: " must work hard to write the test. 0<. Henry to Roger: The train lea#es at 0D a.m. 5ou won't ha#e to get u! early. //. /a&e up short dialogues using the prompts: e.g. A: 5ou'll tell Tom* won't you- :: Well* if " see him "'ll tell him. A: What did you say:: " said if " saw him "'d tell him. e.g. A: 5ou'll tell Tom* won't you- " :: 5es* "'ll tell him as soon as he comes in " A: What did you say- :: " said "'d tell him as soon as he came in. 5ou'll ...* won't you0. ask eter 4. thank 'ohn 7. !ay Ann ;. remind Mary <. tell them =. congratulate them ?. in#ite her A. discuss it with 'im C. e>!lain the situation to Mary 0D* gi#e Ann the money 0+. recommend that to Alec 04. offer :ill the money 07. s!eak to Mary 0;. hand Harry this letter ///. 5ou ha#e ,een away for a while and ha#e 1ust come ,ack to your home town. 5ou meet George* a friend of yours. He asks you a lot of 2uestions: ". How are you- 4. How long ha#e you ,een ,ack- 7. What are 0A? you doing now- ;. Where are you li#ing- <. Are you glad to ,e ,ack=. Are you going away again- ?. Why did you come ,ack- A. Bo you still smoke- C. (an you come to dinner on Jriday- 0D. When are you lea#ing5ow tell another riend what 8eorge as&ed you. !se reported speech. #$. Alan is thinking of ,uying a car. He asks his colleague. :ill* a num,er of 2uestions* which :ill later re!orts to another car/owner. A: Ha#e you $got& a car:: He asked me if " had a car. 0. What kind of car ha#e you $got&- 4. What does it cost you to run it- 7. How many kilometres does it do the litre- ;. Boes it ,elong to you and your wife- <. (an your wife

dri#e- =. "s she a safe dri#er?. How many kilometres do you dri#e in a month- A. Bid you !ass your test the first time- C. Bo you think dri#ing tests are any use- 0D. Bo you gi#e lifts- 00. How long ha#e you ,een dri#ing- 04. Ha#e you e#er had an accident- 07. Was it your own fault0;. Bo you do your own re!airs- 0<. Bo you always wear a safety ,elt- 0=. Bo you take the car to work- 0?. Are you thinking of getting a new car- 0A. Bo you let your wife take the car sho!!ing$. Mrs Adams* who is rather in2uisiti#e* wants to know a,out Mrs :rown's new tenant. Mrs :rown re!orts the 2uestions to her hus,and. A: Who is he:: 6he asked me who he was. A: What does he do for a li#ing:: 6he asked me what he did for a li#ing. 0. How long has he ,een here- 4. Where does he come from- 7. Boes he teach in the Technical (ollege- ;. How long has he ,een working there- <. "s he married- =. Where is his wife- ?. Boes he get many letters- A. Where do his letters come from- C. Where does he do his sho!!ing- 0D. Boes he do his own cooking- 00. Bo you clean his flat- 04. Has he a car- 07. Boes he e#er s!eak to you- 0;. What does he do in the e#enings- 0<. Boes he go away at the weekends- 0=. Boes he wear a wig- 0?. Why has he sha#ed off his ,eard- 0A. "s he thinking of ,uying a house here- 0C. Bo you like him- 4D. What do your tenants think of him$#. Report the ollowing utterances: e.g. Mike to eter: "'m taking my e>am in 'une. Will you also take your e>am in 'uneMike told eter he was taking his e>am in 'une and asked whether eter would also take his e>am in 'une. 0AA . 0. Ro,ert to 8ucy: 5alta is a wonderful !lace. Ha#e you e#er ,een there- 4. Mary to Eate: The day is lo#ely. 6hall we go for a walk- 7. :o, to Alec: "'#e ,ought a new suit. Would you like to see it- ;. Mrs 6mith to her friend: 5ou look !ale. Ha#e you ,een ill- <. Mrs :rown to Eate: Mary is at the "nstitute. Will you see her there- =. 'ack to his ,rother: Mike was at home in the e#ening. Bid you !hone him- ?. Mary to 6te#e: 5ou s!eak Fnglish fluently. Bid you study it long- A. Helen to her sister: Mary has already returned. Ha#e you seen her- C. Mike to eter: 8ucy is worried. Ha#e you sent her a letter- 0D. 'ack to Helen: " took an interesting ,ook in our li,rary. Bo you want to read it- 00. George to Alec: " am fond of tennis. (an you !lay tennis- 04. :o, to 8ucy: The train is lea#ing in an hour. Must " take a ta>i- 07. 9ick to Gictor: "'m learning Jrench. (an you s!eak Jrench- 0;. :etty to her mother: " ha#e a headache. (an " ha#e an as!irin- 0<. Mike to Helen: We are going for a walk. Will you 1oin us- 0=. Mr :rown to his son: The task is difficult. (an " hel! you- 0?. 'ohn to Mary: "t's time to start. Ha#e you !acked e#erything- 0A. Eitty to the doctor: " feel well. May " go out- e.g. The hotel is full u!. Why didn't you reser#e a room in ad#anceThe clerk said the hotel was full u! and asked why Mr 6mith hadn't reser#ed a room in ad#ance. 0. Mr :rown to his wife: "'#e ,een waiting for you for half an hour. When will you ,e ready- 4. :o, to his mother: "'m #ery hungry. When can " ha#e dinner- 7. eter to his sister: " must write some letters. What date is it- ;. :o, to his ,rother: " want to s!eak to Mike. When will he come- <. Alec to 6te#e: 'ane is lea#ing for 8ondon. How long will she stay there- =. 8ucy to Bick: 5ou look tired. What ha#e you ,een doing- ?. Mrs 6mith to her hus,and: 5ou look ill. When will you consult the doctor- A. Helen to Ann: :ill is going a,road. When is he lea#ing- e.g. How long ha#e you ,een studying 6!anish- 5our accent is good. eter asked Mary how long she had ,een studying 6!anish and added that her accent was good. 0. Harry to Bonald: Where are the Greens s!ending their holidays- They usually go to the seaside. 4. Mrs White to her friend: What time does the concert start- " think it's

time to go. 7. 'ack to 8ucy: What time is it- My watch has sto!!ed. ;. Mary to her sister: Why don't you want to !hone Helen- 6he is always ready to hel!. <. Mike to 9ick: What suit will you take- "'d like to ha#e the grey one. =. Mr :rown to his son: Where ha#e you !ut my um,rella- " can't find it anywhere. ?. The teacher to Alec: Why can't you answer at once- 5ou are always so slow* e.g. Where do you li#e- Bo you get to work ,y ,us0AC :ar,ara asked Eate where she li#ed and whether she got to work ,y ,us. 0 'ane to Mary: Where did you ,uy your coat- Bid it cost much- 4. Mike to Helen: When are you lea#ing- Will any,ody see you off- 7. 'ohn to his ,rother: When did you see eter- Bid you s!eak to him' ;. 'ack to his sister: When will you ,e free- Will you ,e a,le to hel! me with my maths- <. Helen to 'ill: Where did you rest- Bid you en1oy your holidays- e.g. . Are you tired* :o,- . 5es* " am. Alec asked :o, whether he was tired. :o, answered $said& $that& he was. . Has 8ucy got u! yet- . 9o* she hasn't. Mary asked her sister if 8ucy had got u! and her sistei said she hadn't. 0. :ill to Bick: Are you going away for the weekend- .9o 4. :o, to 'ack: Must you lea#e at once- . "'m afraid " must. 7. 6te#e to his mother: May " go out- . 5es* you may. ;. 'ack to Jrank Bid you !hone me on 6unday- . 5es* " did. <. eter's mother to eter: (an you meet me at the station- . 5es* " can. =. Alec to :o,: Were you at the foot,all match on 6unday- . 5es* " was ?. 'ane to Mary: Bo you ha#e your meals at the canteen- . 9o A. Mr :rown to Mr 6mith: "s there a hotel in the town- . 5es* there is. C. Bonald to Roger: Ha#e you written to your !arents- /5es. 0D. Mary to Helen: Ha#e you found your key- . 9o. 00. 'ack to his ,rother: "s Bick still at the dentist's- . 9o. 04. Roger to his sister: Bid you consult the doctor- . 9o. 07. Mike to the doctor/6hall " reco#er soon- . "'m sure you will. 0;. 'ack to his mother: Must " stay in ,ed- . 5es* you must. 0<. Mrs Ro,inson to her neigh,our: May " use your tele!hone- . (ertainly. 0=. Ro,ert to Mary: (an you swim well- . 9o. 0?. Helen to :o,: Will you #isit me on 6unday- . 5es. 0A. Mike to 'ohn: "s the station far from the office- . 9o. 0C. 6te#e to his sister: May " use your ty!ewriter- 9o. 4D. Helen to 8ucy Bo you ha#e to get u! early- . 5es 40. 'ack to :ill: (an you !lay cricket- . 9o. 44. Mr White to Mr arker: Ha#e you got a car. 5es* " ha#e. 47. eter to his friend Were you in the country in summer- . 9o. 4;. George to Henry Ha#e you ,een waiting long- . 5es. 4<. 'ohn to Alec: Will you ,e ha#ing a lesson at <- . 5es 4=. Harry to Gerry: Bo you ha#e to work hard at Russian' . 5es. 4?. Mary to her mother: Bid you en1oy the !lay' . 9o. 4A. 'ack to his friend: "s Mr Hanson a good s!ecialist- . 5es. 4C. aul to his ,rother: Bid you lea#e Mary a message- . 9o. e.g. Mr :rown to his wife: Why are you so late- . "'#e ,een sho!!ing. " ,ought you a nice !air of shoes. Mr :rown asked his wife why she was so late. 6he answered 0CD $said* told him& that she had ,een sho!!ing and added that she had ,ought him a nice !air of shoes. 0. eter to 'ack: When are you taking your holiday- . "n 'une. 4. Mike to :o,: Why didn't you !hone me- . " was #ery ,usy. 7. 8ucy to her friend: "s 'ohn still at hos!ital- . 9o* he has already reco#ered. ;. 6te#e to aul: Bo you like tennis- . 9o* " !refer cricket. <. Mike to his father: (an you gi#e me some money- . What do you want it for- =. Helen to her sister: " can't find my key anywhere.. Ha#e you looked in the dining/room?. Mary to Eate: Where will you ,e at si>- . At the "nstitute. A. 'ohn to Alec: What foreign language did you study at school- . Jrench. C. Ann to her sister: Ha#e you done your homework* Mary- . " ha#en't started yet. 0D. Gictor to his mother: 5ou look tired* mother. What ha#e you ,een doing- . "'#e ,een washing. 00. Eate to 8ucy: Why did you stay away from classes- . " caught a cold. 04. Mrs

6mith to her hus,and: Ha#e you !aid the ,ill I yet- . 9o* "'m 1ust going to do it. 07. Mr :rown to the waiter: i What will you recommend me for dessert- . )range 1uice. 0;. 'ack I to 6te#e: Will you fly to 8ondon- . 9o* "'ll go ,y train. 0<. Helen to her mother: "s your watch fast- . 9o* it kee!s the right time. $##. As& questions a(out the in ormation expressed in the statement: e.g. eter said Mary had left for Moscow. ':. Bid you ask him why she had gone to Moscow- I ... if she was going to stay there long... when she would ,e ,ack- etc. ' 0. Roger said he would go to Africa. 4. Alec said he was going to 0 s!end his holidays at the seaside. 7. George said Helen had gone to "taly. Fluency /. Listen to the texts. As& and answer questions on the texts. Retell them. 0. Geoffrey Ham!den has a large circle of friends and is #ery !o!ular at !arties. F#ery,ody admires him for his fine sense of humour/e#ery,ody e>ce!t his si>/year/old daughter* 'enny. Recently* one of Geoffrey's closest friends asked him to make a s!eech at a wedding rece!tion This is the sort of thing that Geoffrey lo#es. He !re!ared the s!eech carefully and went to the wedding with 'enny. His s!eech was a great success. As soon as he had finished 'enny told him she wanted to go home. Geoffrey was a little disa!!ointed ,y this ,ut he did as his daughter asked. )n the way home he asked 'enny if she had en1oyed his s!eech. To his 0C0 sur!rise she said she hadn't. Geoffrey asked her why this was so and she told him she didn't like to see so many !eo!le laughing at him. 4. When " woke u! 0 asked my wife what the weather was like. 6he looked out of the window and said it was raining #ery hea#ily ,ut she thought it was going to get ,righter. 8ater* when we were ha#ing ,reakfast* " listened to the weather forecast. The announcer said that the weather in the south would !ro,a,ly ,e #ery changea,le. He added that the Meteorological )ffice couldn't say when the weather would ,ecome more sta,le. My wife said that #/as fine ,ecause she had decided to stay at home and do some cooking. 7. While 'ohn Gil,ert was in hos!ital he asked the doctor to tell him whether his o!eration had ,een successful ,ut the doctor refused to do so. The following day the !atient asked for a ,edside tele!hone. When he was alone he tele!honed the hos!ital e>change and asked for Br Millington. When the doctor answered the !hone Mr Gil,ert said he was in2uiring a,out a certain !atient* a Mr 'ohn Gil,ert. He asked if Mr Gil,ert's o!eration had ,een successful and the doctor told him it had ,een. He then asked when Mr Gil,ert would ,e allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would ha#e to stay in hos!ital for another two weeks. Then Br Millington asked the caller if he was a relati#e of the !atient. 39o*3 the !atient answered* 3"'m 'ohn Gil,ert.3 ;. Bentists always ask 2uestions when it is im!ossi,le for you to answer. My dentist had 1ust !ulled out my tooth and had told me to rest for a while. " tried to say something ,ut my mouth was full of cotton/wool. He knew " collected ,irds' eggs and asked me whether my collection was growing. He then asked me how my ,rother was and whether " liked my new 1o, in 8ondon. "n answer to these 2uestions " either nodded or made strange noises. Meanwhile my tongue was searching out the hole where the tooth had ,een. " suddenly felt #ery worried ,ut could not say anything. When the dentist at last remo#ed the cotton/wool from my mouth " was a,le to say that he had !ulled out the wrong tooth. //. Listen to the conversations2 read and role-play the conversations. Reproduce the original utterances reported in these conversations. Conversation I Gictor: Hey* Maria+ Ha#e you finished your e>amMaria: 5es* " ha#e. Gictor: Was it difficultMaria: Weil* it was 2uite hard.

0C4 Gictor: Bid you !assMaria: " don't know... she didn't tell me. Gictor: What 2uestions did she askMaria: Jirst she asked me what my name was. Gictor: That was easy* wasn't itMaria: ... then she asked me where " came from* and how long "'d ,een studying at the school. Gictor: What else did she ask- Maria: 6he asked me when " had ,egun studying Fnglish* and she asked how " would use Fnglish in the future. Gictor: Go on... Maria: Then she asked me if " liked the school* and if " li#ed with my !arents. Gictor: Anything else- Maria: )h* Gictor+ "'m trying to remem,er ... oh* yes+ 6he asked me if " s!oke any other languages. Gictor: "s that all- Maria: )h* there were a lot of other 2uestions. 6he asked me what my ho,,ies were* and she asked me to tell a,out them. Then she ga#e me a !icture and asked me to descri,e it. )h* and then " was asked to read a !assage. Gictor: What did she say at the endMaria: Ah+ 6he asked me to tell you to go in ... immediately. Conversation 3 / Maggie: " hear you'#e got a new ,oyfriend. Where did you meet himBaisy: "n the street. Maggie: "n the street+ What were you doing- Baisy: 5ou see he inter#iewed me. He wanted to know a,out how " tra#elled to work. Maggie: What did he ask you- Baisy: Well* first he asked where " li#ed. Maggie: What elseBaisy: Then he asked me how " tra#elled to work. Maggie: "t sounds as if he was doing a traffic sur#ey. Baisy: He was. He then asked if " dro#e a car. Maggie: They want to know how many !eo!le use cars in the city* !erha!s. Baisy: ossi,ly. " said that " didn't. Maggie: Well* what did he ask you ne>t- Baisy: He asked if " used !u,lic trans!ort* of course. Maggie: Go on. ?7RN4?77 0C7 Baisy: Well* that's how we met. :ecause " said that " did. Maggie: 6o he asked... Baisy: "f " wanted a lift home. Well* he was rather nice. ///. Report the ollowing dialogues: 0. Man: "'#e lost my ,riefcase. Has one ,een handed in this morningFrrol: 9o* sir* it hasn't. Where did you lose it- Man: )utside my house in (hester 6treet this morning. " !ut it on the !a#ement* then " dro#e away and forgot a,out it. Frrol: (an you descri,e the ,riefcase* sir- Man: 5es* it's ,lack leather with a com,ination lock and it has my initials B. :. on it. Frrol: "s there anything #alua,le inside it- Man: 9o* there isn't. 'ust a few !a!ers and some com!uter discs. Frrol: Well* we'll let you know if we hear anything a,out it. (an " ha#e your name and !hone num,er !lease4. 8ucy: 8ook here* Mike. "'ll ha#e a !arty at my house tomorrow. (an you comeMike: At what time are you going to ha#e it- 8ucy: At eight o'clock. Mike: "'ll come. "'ll ,e free at that time. 8ucy: " asked Ted to ,ring his records. We'll en1oy listening to them.

Mike: Who else will ,e at the !arty- 8ucy: Alice and Tom. "'m sorry 'ane won't come. 6he left for Manchester yesterday. Mike: And what a,out :o,- 8ucy: " don't know. " ha#en't in#ited him yet. They mo#ed to a new flat some days ago and " don't know his address. Mike: He has already told me his address* ,esides "'ll see him at my ,rother's tonight. "'ll ask him if you like. 8ucy: Thanks #ery much* Mike. 7. Helen: Hullo* 'ane. "t's my ,irthday tomorrow. "'ll ,e thirteen. 'ane: Bo you think you'll get a lot of ,irthday !resents- Helen: "'m sure " will. Mother's going to gi#e me a ,o> of !aints and !aint/,rushes. " like drawing and !ainting. 'ane: What's your father going to gi#e youHelen: " don't know yet. 8ast year he ga#e me some ,ooks. 'ane: )h* will you show me your ,ooks* !lease- " want something to read. "'#e read all my ,ooks. Helen: All right. "'ll show you mine "'#e got a,out fifty. ; Alice: Eate* "'#e ,een looking for you the whole morning. Bo you want to go for a tri! with me0C; ' Eate: WhereAlice: A cam!ing tri! in the mountains. Eate: How long are you !lanning to stayAlice: Three/days or more if the weather is good. "f the weather is ,ad we'll stay less. Eate: How can we get there . ,y train- Alice: )nly !art of the way. Then we'll walk: it's not too far. Eate: "t seems to ,e a wonderful idea. "'ll s!eak to Mother. "f she agrees to let me go* "'ll 1oin you. Self check /. A few days ago Gictor met his friend George in the de!artment store. George was going to ,uy some things for his holiday tri!. Re!ort their con#ersation in writing. Gictor: Where are you going to s!end your holidays* George- George: We shall go to one of the seaside towns in the (rimea. Gictor: Ha#e you ,ooked the tickets- George: "'m going to do it tomorrow. Gictor: How long do you want to stay there- George: A,out a month. And where will you rest- Gictor: " want to go on a cam!ing tri! in the Al!s. George: " am sure you will ha#e a good rest. Gictor: " ho!e 0 will. //. Report the conversation that too& place some days ago: Hostess: Would you like a cu! of teaGuest: With !leasure. Thank you. Hostess: How will you take it- Bo you !refer your tea strong or weakGuest: " like my tea #ery strong and #ery hot. Hostess: How many lum!s of sugar do you take in your tea- Guest: Jour or fi#e lum!s of sugar* madam* for " like my tea #ery sweet. Hostess: Bo you like milk in your tea- Guest: Milk- Well* yes+ When " can't get cream. REP#RTE C#!!AN S4 RE8UESTS AN SU))ESTI#NS( )REETIN)S4 "EA$ETA6IN)S4 7IS%ES4 T%AN6S4 INTR# UCTI#NS4 AP#"#)IES AN E!#TI#NS IN REP#RTE SPEEC%( Illustrative Situations Reporting ver(s used to report: order . orderI re2uest . ask* ,egI instruction . tell* ad#i/ 0C< \_ . ad#iseI reminder . remindI warning . warnI in#itation . in#iteI suggestion . suggestI offer . offerI !ermission . allowI !rohi,ition . for,idI !ersuasion . !ersuadeI recommendation . recommend

0. The doctor to the !atient: Take the medicine twice a day: morning and e#ening* $instruction& The doctor told the !atient to take the medicine twice a day. 4. Mary to the waiter: Will you !lease ,ring me my ,ill- $re2uest& Mary asked the waiter to ,ring her the ,ill. 7. Tom to Eate: lease* don't ,e late* $re2uest& Tom asked Eate not to ,e late. ;. Mr Walker to his children: )ff to ,ed with you and no more tele#ision for tonight* $order& Mr Walker ordered his children to go to ,ed. <. Mr Jo> to his son: 5ou may use my car. $!ermission& Mr Jo> allowed his son to use his car. =. The !oliceman to the children: Bon't !lay foot,all in the street* $!rohi,ition& The !oliceman for,ade the children to !lay foot,all in the street. ?. Mrs arker to her son: Bon't go out. "t's too cold* $!rohi,ition& Mrs arker didn't allow her son to go out ,ecause it was cold. A. Mrs 6mith to her friend: 5ou should consult Br :rown. "'m sure he will hel!* $ad#ice& Mrs 6mith ad#ised her friend to consult Br :rown. C. 8ucy to Helen: Bon't forget to ,ring the ,ook* $reminder& 8ucy reminded Helen to ,ring the ,ook. 0D. 'ane: )h* stay a little longer. Mary: All right $!ersuasion& 'ane !ersuaded Mary to stay a little longer. 00. The teacher to the ,oys: Bon't make a fire in the wood* $warning& The teacher warned the ,oys not to make a fire in the wood. 04. Mr 6mith: " can dri#e you home in my car* :en $offer& :en: Thank you. That's #ery kind of you. Mr 6mith offered to dri#e :en home in his car and :en willingly acce!ted the offer. 07. Mr arker: 6hall " dri#e you to the country on 6unday* Mary- Mary: 9o* thank you. "'m going ,y train with some friends of mine. Mr arker offered to dri#e Mary to the country on 6unday ,ut she declined the offer* $or she refused& 0;. Ro,ert: What a,out going to a dance with me* will you- $in#itation& 0C= 6usan: "'d lo#e to. Ro,ert in#ited 6usan to a dance and she willingly acce!ted the in#itation. 0<. 'ack: (ome to a !lay with rne tonight* will you- Helen: )h* " can't* "'m too ,usy. 'ack in#ited Helen to a !lay ,ut she declined the in#itation* $or didn't acce!t the in#itation& 0=. :o,: 8et's !lay a game of chess* $suggestion& 6te#e: That's a good idea. :o, suggested !laying a game of chess. 6te#e agreed. 0?. eter: 6hall we go to the cinema tonight- Bick: "'m afraid " can't. eter suggested going to the cinema ,ut Bick refused. Reporting ver(s used to report: greetings . greetI lea#etakings . !art* say good/,yeI thanks . thankI wish . wishI a!ologies . a!ologi@eI introduction . introduce . Hello* Ann. . Hello* 6te#e. Ann and 6te#e greeted each other. Mike to Helen: Good/,ye* Helen. Mike said good/,ye to Helen. George: Good/,ye* Roger. Roger: 6o long* George. George and Roger !arted. Tom: Good night* Mary. Tom wished Mary good night. Alec to eter: A ha!!y 1ourney to you. Alec wished eter a ha!!y 1ourney.

Mary: (ome to the cinema with me. Eate: Thank you. Mary in#ited Eate to the cinema. Eate thanked her. Helen to Bick: F>cuse my ringing u! at such a late hour. Helen a!ologi@ed to Bick for ringing him u! at such a late hour. Harry: Mary* this is 6te#e :a>ter* an old friend of mine. Harry introduced his friend 6te#e :a>ter to his wife. Reporting ver(s used to report emotional utterances: e>claim* cry* shout* regret* console* sym!athi@e* cheer u!* !raise a& ad#er,s to say 1oyfully* angrily* !roudly* cheerfully* sadly* etc. ,& ad#er,ial !hrases to say with disa!!ointment $1oy* sur!rise* anger* regret* dismay* annoyance* indignation* etc.& 0C? c& ad1ecti#es nouns to say in a cheerful $1oyful* angry* sad* !roud* rude* etc.& #oice $tone& d& ,e ad1ecti#e $!artici!le 00& He was sur!rised $angry* disa!!ointed&. e& gi#e an e>clamation of sur!rise $disa!!ointment* annoyance* regret& Mr Hanson: Will you call Mr 'ackson* !lease6ecretary: :ut he has already left. Mr Hanson: Has he- "t's only <. Mr Hanson asked his secretary to call Mr 'ackson. His secretary said he had already left. Mr Hanson was sur!rised. He said it was only <. Mr :rown: The :a>ters won't ,e coming to the !arty. Mrs :rown: What a !ity+ Mr :rown told his wife that the :a>ters wouldn't ,e coming to the !arty. )n hearing that his wife ga#e an e>clamation of disa!!ointment. Mrs Green: "'m so ha!!y+ My son has ,ecome a student. Mrs Green said 1oyfully that her son had ,ecome a student Gictor to his ,rother: 6to! making that noise* Mike. 5ou are getting on my ner#es. Gictor told his ,rother angrily to sto! making noise. 'ack: What a shame+ We'#e lost the game. 'ack said with disa!!ointment that they had lost the game. :o,: Hurrah+ We'#e won the match+ :o, e>claimed in a cheerful #oice that they had won the match. Mrs 6mith: What a !ity+ All the flowers in our garden arc ruined. With an e>clamation of regret Mrs 6mith said that all the flo wers in their garden were ruined. Mary: " say* Ann* "'#e failed in history. " am in such a state. Ann: )h* come on now* it can't ,e that ,ad. Mary told Ann that she had failed in history. 6he was in des!air. Ann tried to console her. Practice /. A su!er#isor is gi#ing instructions to a grou! of e>am students. )ne of these* :ill* re!orts the instructions after the e>am a& A: 6it at the num,ered desks. :: He told us to sit at the num,ered desks. ,& A: Bon't smoke: :: He told/warned us not to smoke. 0CA 0. Hang u! your coats. 4. Bon't write in the margin. 7. ut your name on each sheet. ; Read the 2uestions carefully. <. 6tart each 2uestion on a fresh sheet. =. Answer the 2uestions in order. ?. Bon't s!end too much time on the first 2uestion. A. Bon't talk to

your neigh,our. C. Bon't try to co!y your neigh,our's answers. 0D. Eee! to the !oint. 00. Watch the time. 04. :e careful a,out your s!elling. 07. Write clearly. 0;. (ount the num,er of words in your essays. 0<. 8ook o#er your work ,efore you hand it in. 0=. 9um,er your sheets. 0?. Tie the sheets together. 0A. Go out 2uietly when you'#e finished. 0C. Bon't take any !a!er out of the room. 4D. (ome ,ack at two o'clock. //. Mr 'ones calls Ann into his office and gi#es her some instructions. 6he then returns to the main office and tells a colleague what she has ,een asked to do. A: Would you !lease file these letters:: He asked/told me to file these letters. Would you !lease... 0. co!y this contract- 4. correct this s!elling mistake- 7. add something to this letter- ;. !in u! these notices in the canteen<. look u! our M 's address- =. order some more !a!ercli!s- ?. contact our American ,ranch- A. send this re!ort to our head office- C. check these figures- 0D. ,ring your ta!erecorder to the meeting- 00. ty!e out a full re!ort- 04. !ut these documents in the safe- 07. lock the safe- 0;. lea#e the key on my desk- 0<. take these ,ooks ,ack to the li,rary- 0=. ,uy some flowers for my wife0?. tell my wife " won't ,e home tonight- 0A. remind the cleaners to em!ty my ashtray0C. ad#ertise for a new office ,oy- 4D. ,ook two !lane tickets for 9ew 5ork///. :ill is at his office* where he has 1ust heard that he has won t 4DDDDD. Ann* his secretary* and Tom* a colleague* are gi#ing him ad#ice* which he later re!orts to a friend he meets on the train home. A $%Ann&: Why don't you gi#e u! your 1o,:: Ann ad#ised me to gi#e u! my 1o,. A $%Tom&: Bon't do anything in a hurry. :: Tom warned me not to do anything in a hurry. 0. 5ou should send out for a ,ottle of cham!agne. $Ann& 4. 5ou'd ,etter wait till lunchtime. $Tom& 7. Why don't you s!end t <.DDD on a terrific holiday- $Ann& ;. "n#ite all your friends to a !arty. $Ann& <. Bon't ,egin entertaining too la#ishly. $Tom& =. 5ou'd ,etter gi#e some of it to a charity. $Ann& ?. Bon't offer to hel! e#eryone. $Tom& A 5ou should get a new car. $Ann& C. Why don't you #isit your sister in Australia- $Tom& 0D. 5ou should ,uy !resents for your wife and the children. $Ann& 0CC #$. A students' clu, are !lanning a holiday a,road. The committee is now discussing where to go and what to do. Three mem,ers make suggestions. The secretary re!orts the suggestions afterwards to someone who wasn't at the meeting: A $%:ill&: 6hall we start on Jriday:: :ill suggested starting on Jriday. 0. 6hall we hitch/hike- $ aul& 4. There are too many of us. 8et's go on motor cycles. $:ill& 7. That's too uncomforta,le. Why don't we hire cars- $Ann& ;. "t would cost too much. What a,out ,orrowing the college ,us- $:ill& <. 6hall we slee! in 5outh Hostels$:ill& =. 8et's cam! out. $ aul& ?. Why not rent a cara#an- $Ann& A. 6hall we !ick fruit and make some money- $ aul& C. Jruit !icking is hard work. 8et's s!end the day on the ,each. $:ill& 0D. $And& let's #isit museums and art galleries. $Ann& 00. 6hall we eat in restaurants- $ aul& 04. Why don't we cook o#er an o!en fire- $:ill& 07. 8et's !ack !lenty of tinned food and (oca (ola. $Ann& 0;. 6hall we find out a,out !o! festi#als- $:ill& 0<. 8et's look out for classical concerts. $Ann& 0=. Why don't we ,ring guitars and make our own music- $ aul& $. Mr 'ones* a widower* has to go away for a fortnight* lea#ing his house and two children in the care of his neigh,our* Ann. He gi#es Ann #arious instructions* which she re!orts to her hus,and. A: "f one of the children gets ill* ring the doctor. :: He said if one of the children got ill " was to call a doctor. 0. "f one of the children loses his a!!etite* take his tem!erature. 4. "f the tem!erature is #ery high* ring the doctor. 7. "f one of them cuts himself* wash the cut and !ut on a !laster. ;. When they ha#e finished their homework* let them watch TG. <. When they

are in ,ed* read them a story. =. "f it gets colder* make them wear coats. ?. "f they miss the school ,us* send them ,y ta>i. A. When you go out* dou,lelock the door. C. "f you ha#en't time to cook* o!en tins 0D. "f it gets colder* turn on the central heating. 00. "f the central heating doesn't work !ro!erly* !hone the com!any. 04. "f any letters come for me* !lease forward them. 07. "f the gardener turns u!* ask him to cut the grass. 0;. When the milkman ,rings his ,ill !lease !ay it. $#. /atch the reported speech with the actual word spo&en: Re!orted s!eech 0. 6he ad#ised him to get a summer 1o,. 4. 6he warned him not to dri#e too fast. 7. He reminded her not to dri#e too fast. Words s!oken a& 3Mary* meet my friend* Gil.3 ,& 3Would you like me to hel! you-3 c& 3"'m sorry "'m late.3 3II ;. 6he !ersuaded her to come <. He told them not to ,e late. =. 6he suggested going for a coffee. ?. " offered to hel! them. A. He refused to hel! them. C. " in#ited her to lunch. 0D. 6he a!ologi@ed for ,eing late. 00. 6he agreed to ask him. 04. He introduced Mary to his colleague. d& 35ou should get a summer 1o,.3 e& 3]. d. "'ll ask him.3 f& 3Bon't dri#e too fast. The road is dangerous.3 g& A: 3)h* !lease come+3 :: 3)h* all right then.3 h& 3Bon't ,e late+3 i& 3Why don't we go for a coffee-3 1& 3"'m not going to hel! you.3 k& 3Would you like to come to lunch-3 0& 3Bon't forget there's a s!eed limit here.3 $##. Read the ollowing dialogues and choose the ver( which (est descri(es the actual words spo&en. 0. Mike: Would you like to come with Greg and me to the o!en/air concert on 6aturdaya& a!ologi@e ,& offer c& in#ite 'ane: :rilliant+ "'d lo#e to come* a& acce!t ,& refuse c& remind 4. :en: What should " do a,out my ,riefcase- a& agree ,& ask c& introduce 6ue: Why don't you go to the !olice station and re!ort it- a& offer ,& tell c& suggest 7. Mark: Mum* !lease can we go to the carni#al- We'll ,e all right+ 5ou know we will* a& try to !ersuade ,& try to agree c& warn Mum: ).E.* ,ut don't take a lot of money in case there are !ick!ockets around* a& agree ,ut remind ,& agree ,ut warn c& refuse $###. 1ell the children what doctors advise us to do 6not to do7: lie in the sun too longI smokeI slee! in the o!en airI take cold showersI ha#e regular mealsI take a walk ,efore going to ,edI go in for s!ortsI go to ,ed lateI drink strong drinks #+. 1ell the visitors what they are requested to do or not to do in a hospital: come at stated timeI stay too longI kee! silenceI talk too much to the !atientsI !ut on o#erallsI take off hats and coatsI smokeI make noiseI talk loudly 4D0

+. What does your teacher often ask you to do $not to do&- What did your mother $wife* daughter* etc.& ask you to do- What did you ask your friend to do+#. Report the ollowing dialogues: 0. 'ack: Why don't we go to the mo#ies- Mary: "'d like to. 4. 'ohn: Would you like to s!end the weekend in :righ/ ton9ick: " don't think " can. " must #isit my !arents. 7. Alice: Bo you feel like going to the theatre tonight- :etty: 9o* "'d rather go to the mo#ies. ;. eter: What a,out ha#ing a cocktail- Gictor: " don't mind. <. Bonald. 8et's dri#e to the country. Roger: Why not go to the seaside for a change=. Ro,ert: (ome and see me on 6unday* will you- 6te#e: "'m afraid " can't. "'ll ,e ,usy on that day. ?. :ill: How a,out coming to a !arty with me tonight- Ann: x` ,e delighted. A. Mrs :rown: Ha#e a cu! of tea* :o,. :o,: With !leasure. C. Mr Ro,inson: 6hall " gi#e you a lift- Mr White: Thank you. "'d rather walk. 0D. Gictor: Would you like me to ,uy some medicine for you'ack: 9o* thanks. " can manage. 00. 'ohn: 8et me gi#e you a hel!ing hand. Mary: That's #ery kind of you. 04. Mr Morgan: 5ou'd ,etter start at once. Mr 6mith: Will you 1oin me07. eter: 5ou should su,scri,e to some American news/ !a!ers. Helen: "'#e su,scri,ed to 3Washington ost.3 0;. Mr :a>ter: (ome and ha#e lunch with us on 6unday. We'll ,e !leased to see you. Mr arker: Thank you. We'll come. 0<. :ill: lease don't s!eak too fast. Ann: "'ll try not to. 0=. 'ane: Bon't forget to lock the door* Mother. Mother: Bon't worry* dear. 0?. eter: (ould you !lease lend me your ,ike for a few days- :o,: 5es* certainly. 0A. 'ane: Will you !lease hel! me with my suitcases4D4 Alec: 5es* of course. 0C. Ann: Would you !lease translate this te>t for me- Mary: "'m afraid " can't. " ha#e to rush off to work now. 4D. Mrs Jo>: Bon't go out. " want you to hel! me. Bick: All right. 40. . Good morning* Mrs Jord. . Good morning* Mr Ba#is. 44. . Hello* 'ohn. . Hello* Ro,ert. 47. Mary: "t's time to get a,oard. The trainEs (leavin. in ten minutes. Good/,ye. Alice: Good/,ye. 4;. Ro,ert: 5ou'#e done me a great fa#our. Thank you for the trou,le you'#e taken. Mr Green: 9o trou,le at all. 4<. Mr :rown: "'ll do e#erything you asked me. Mrs 8ee: Thank you in ad#ance. 4=. 9elly: "'m sorry "'m late. 'ack: 9e#er mind. 4?. Mrs 'ackson: May " introduce Mr 6mith to you* 9elly- Mr 6mith: How do you do+ Glad to meet you. 9elly: How do you do+ 4A. 'ane: " hear you'#e ,een !romoted. My congratu/ lations+ Andrew: Thank you.

4C. 'ohn: Merry (hristmas+ 6ally: Merry (hristmas+ 7D. Mr Jord: Ha#e you heard the ama@ing news- Tom won a swimming race+ Mrs Jord: " was sure he would win. 70. :ecky: " would like a dark su!!er today. Mother: A dark su!!erWhat do you mean ,y it- :ecky: Well* you said that the su!!er you ga#e me yesterday was light and " didn't like it. 74. Ann: "t seems to me we'#e lost our way. 8ucy: What a nuisance+ 77. Hus,and $on coming home&: What+ 9o su!!er ready- That's the limit+ "'m going to a restaurant. Wife: Wait 1ust fi#e minutes. Hus,and: Will it ,e ready then- Wife: 9o* ,ut then "'ll go with you. 7;. 6te#e: 9ick has failed his e>am in maths. :ill: Really+- He said he was good at maths. 4D7 7<. Henry: "sn't it great+ "'#e ,een offered a 1o, at a re/ search "nstitute+ Mr Ba#is: Glad to hear it. 7=. Mike: All the tickets are sold out. 'ane: What a !ity+ 7?. 9ina: "'m taking my e>am in two days. "'m awfully ner#ous a,out it. Alec: )h* !ull yourself together. F#erything will ,e all right. 7A Helen: Alice didn't kee! her a!!ointment again. Bick: That's the limit+ 7C. 'ane: "'m so sorry. " can't go to the seaside this summer. ;D. Bick: 'ust fancy+ " ha#e won a car in the lottery. :ill: 5ou don't say so+ What luck+ ;0. Mr Jord: Mary has ,rought a ,asket of a!!lev. Mrs Jord: A ,asket of a!!les- :ut " askeu her to ,ring !ears. ;4. 'ohnny: Bo you know* Mum+ "'#e got a ticket for the foot,all match. ;7. Mrs Ba#is: "'m so worried a,out Bick. The o!eration is to take !lace tomorrow. Mrs Jord: (heer u!+ F#erything will ,e all right. ;;. Mother: Mary* where is 'ennyMary: 6he is in the house. 6he is !laying a duet on the !iano. Mother: A duet- How can she !lay a duet aloneMary: " !layed it with her ,ut " finished my !art first. ;<. Mother: What are you reading* Maggie- 8ittle Maggie: " don't know. Mother: 5ou don't know- :ut you were reading aloud* so you must know. 8ittle Maggie: " was reading aloud ,ut " wasn't listening. Fluency /. Listen to the conversation2 read and learn it: Mr ower: 5es* Miss Wright- What is itMiss Wright: Mr Hudson wants to s!eak to you* sir. Mr ower. "'m #ery ,usy at the moment. Ask him to ring later. Miss Wright: 5es* sir. Mr ower: )h* and Miss Wright- Tell (hris to !hotoco!y the Birector's re!ort. 4D; Miss Wright: 5es* sir. Anything else* sirMr ower: 5es. Tell Miss Ba#is not to ring her ,oyfriend on the office !hone. Miss Wright: 5es* sir. Hello- This is Mr ower's secretary... Mr Hudson: 5es... Hudson here. Miss Wright: "'m afraid M ower's ,usy at the moment. (an you ring later-

Mr Hudson: All right... what a,out this afternoon- Miss Wright: 5es* that'll ,e all right. Miss Wright: )h* (hris(hris: 5es* Miss WrightMiss Wright: Mr ower wants you to !hotoco!y this re!ort. (hris: )h* yes ... "'ll do it later. Miss Wright: 9o* (hris... do it now... " know it's im!ortant... Miss Wright: Miss Ba#is+ Bid you ring your ,oyfriend on the office !hone yesterdayMiss Ba#is: Well* yes... " did... ,ut it was urgent. Miss Wright: Hmm ... " think Mr ower heard you. He wasn't #ery !leased a,out it. Bon't use the office !hone for !ersonal calls. Miss Ba#is: 9o ... no* Miss Wright ... " won't do it again... "'m sorry. Mr ower: Miss Wright- Bid you s!eak to Mr HudsonMiss Wright: 5es* " did. " asked him to ring later. He says he'll ring you this afternoon. Mr ower: That's fine. Has (hris !hotoco!ied that re!ort yet- Miss Wright: 9ot yet... ,ut " told him to do it immediately. " think he's doing it now. Mr ower: Good. Bid you tell Miss Ba#is not to ring her ,oyfriend from here- Miss Wright: )h* yes... " told her not to use the office !hone for !ersonal calls... she says she won't do it again. "'m sure she won't. Mr ower: " ho!e she won't ... her ,oyfriend li#es in Australia+ //. Listen to the conversations and report them: 4D< 0. Man: Hello* little ,oy. What are you doing- :oy: "'#e lost a com and "'m looking for it. Man: How much ha#e you lost* and where did you dro! it- :oy: "'#e lost a ten!ence and " dro!!ed it on the road. Man: Bon't cry. "'ll gi#e you another ten!ence. :uy yourself some chocolate. Good/,ye. $6ome minutes later& Man: What's the matter- Ha#e you lost the coin " ga#e you already- :oy: " ha#en't lost that one* ,ut " want to find the first one. Then "'ll ha#e 4D !ence. 4. A talkati#e !assenger addressed a lady who was in the same com!artment. 3Ha#e you a family* madam-3 35es* sir* one son.3 3"ndeed- Boes he smoke-3 39o* sir. He has ne#er touched a cigarette.3 3Boes he drink wine-3 3)h* no* he has ne#er touched a dro! of it.3 3Boes he come home late at night-3 39e#er. He always goes to ,ed directly after dinner.3 3" congratulate you* madam. He is a model young man. How old is he-3 3Jour months today* P sir.3 7. 9ora is talking to a neigh,our* Mrs Howard. 9ora: 5es* of course* Mrs Howard* " mustn't ,oast* ,ut it really is a comfort to ha#e such a hard/working ,oy as Ro,ert. Mrs Howard: 5ou needn't a!ologi@e* Mrs arker. "t's #ery natural for you to feel !roud. Will he go to the Hni#ersity* do you think9ora: Well* he may or he may not. 5ou see we can't really tell until he takes his scholarshi! e>aminations. Mrs Howard: )h* ,ut "'m sure he'll win a scholarshi!. 9ora: 5es* we ho!e he will. He's done well in all his e>ams u! to now* ,ut we don't count on his winning one. "f he doesn't win a scholarshi!* he may go to a technical college. Mrs Howard: Would he like to do that- What's he studying now- "s he studying science9ora: 5es* and " think he's getting' on 2uite well at it He is certainly working #ery hard. Why* this #ery afternoon* although it's such a fine

day* he is at the li,rary working all the time. Ro,ert: Hello* mum+ Good afternoon* Mrs Howard+ "t's a lo#ely day* isn't it+- Well* the Ro#ers won* Mum+ 9ora: The Ro#ers* Ro,ert- Why* where ha#e you ,een' Ro,ert: At the foot,all match* of course. 9ora: Ha#en't you ,een at the li,raryRo,ert: 9o. 9ora: :ut " thought... Mrs Howard: Bon't worry* Mrs arker. A li,rary is 2uite the wrong !lace for a ,oy on such a fine afternoon. ///. Listen to the text. Retell it. 'ohn 6mith was a man who always forgot e#erything he had to remem,er. )ne day a friend in#ited him to dinner. 3(ome on Tuesday at A in the e#ening3* he said. 35our ,rother's old friend will ,e here and he wants to see you. Bon't come on Wednesday. " shall not ,e at home then.3 'ohn 6mith smiled and said he wouldn't make a mistake ,ecause on Wednesday he had to go to the country to see his father who would ,e waiting for him at the railway station at 0D.7D in the e#ening. Tuesday came* ,ut 6mith did not come. )n Wednesday at a little !ast A 'ohn 6mith ran into the room. 3"'m sorry "'m late3* he said. 3" got into the wrong ,us.3 3Why* it's you-3 his friend e>claimed. 3:ut " asked you to come on Tuesday+ " can't stay now. " must go. :ut don't you remem,er you ha#e to go to the country today- 5our father will ,e waiting for you.3 3)h* so he will. " must hurry*3 and in a moment he was out of the room. Self check /. Report the phrases in (rac&ets: 0. The !latform was em!ty* so Jred asked a !orter ... and the !orter answered ... $3Has the train for 8ondon left-3 3"t left ten minutes ago.3& 4. 'ohn told Mary ... ,ut she laughed and told him... $35ou are the most ,eautiful girl in the world3. 3Bon't talk such nonsense3.& 7. My watch sto!!ed today* so " took it to a watchmaker and asked him.... He e>amined it* shook his head and told me:... $3What's wrong with it-3 3Throw it away and ,uy a new one.3& ;. Mary is a strange girl. The other day* when " asked her...* she said that... . :ut " saw her there myself the #ery ne>t night. 3Would you like to come to the cinema with me-3 3"'#e already seen this film.3& <. The manager asked me... and " answered him... He then asked me...* so " told him .... $3Bo you like your work-3 35es* " do.3 3Why do you want to lea#e it then-3 3"'m mo#ing to Glasgow.3 =. " was walking down the road the other day when a man sto!!ed me and asked the way to the nearest !ost office. " told him... $3Take the first turning to the left and go as far as the !ost office3.& The man asked me ... $3How far is it-3& and " told him... $3"t's a,out half a mile at the most.3& He thanked me and walked off. 4D= 4D? //. Report the conversation which too& place a wee& ago: Mr Ro,inson: Hello. Glad to see you in 8ondon. How long ha#e you ,een hereMr Thom!son: )h* only a few days* since Monday and " am sorry to say we ha#e to return tomorrow. Mr Ro,inson: "s it your first #isit to 8ondonMr Thom!son: "t's my wife's first #isit* ,ut "'#e ,een here se#eral times ,efore. " ha#e to come o#er at least once a year on ,usiness and " feel 2uite at home in 8ondon. Mr Ro,inson: And what do you think of 8ondon* Mrs Thom!sonMrs Thom!son: )h* " think it's a wonderful !lace. Mr Ro,inson: What are your !lans for tonight- What a,out coming to our !laceMr Thom!son: Thank you* ,ut "'m afraid we can't. We are lea#ing tomorrow morning and we'#e got a lot of things to do. 9e>t time* !erha!s. ///. Report the ollowing )o&e: An old lady was going to take a ta>i. 3Bri#er3* she said* 3" want you to take me to the station.3 35es* madam*3 said the dri#er. 3And you must dri#e slowly and carefully. Bon't go until the !oliceman lowers his arm* and* !lease* don't rush round the corners as the

road is #ery wet.3 The ta>i/dri#er was getting angry. 3All right* madam*3 he said. 3:ut if we do ha#e an accident* what hos!ital would you like to ,e taken to-3 #$. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. Lk_VR i Z_^h UMS WMYOQ^On Q_^m. c eV_QSOfTSR g^_ \YOQT[m W NT^O* ^O O^R O[NRaRSR\m* \NRaRW* k[O PO[OWT[\h N qNaRZ_^i eO ^_Z_NOZi haMNi. oM QOPOWOVTST\m* k[O \YOQTZ W NT^O ^R \S_Qibs_n ^_Q_S_. 4. |V_eOQRWR[_Sm \eVO\TS Z_^h* eOk_Zi h eVOei\[TS [RN Z^OPO aR^h[Tn. c O[W_[TS* k[O h i_afRS W NOZR^/ QTVOWNi. 7. dOPQR h \OUTVRS\h iYOQT[m* ZOn UVR[ ^ReOZ^TS Z^_* k[OUM W \S_QibsTn VRa h eVT^_\ _Zi \WOn Vi\\NO/T\eR^\NTn \SOWRVm. ]^ \NRaRS* k[O _Zi ^if^O e_V_W_\[T \[R[mb eO qS_N[VO^TN_. c O[W_[TS* k[O eVTQi N ^_Zi k_V_a QWR Q^h T eOOU_sRS* k[O ^_ aRUiQi O _PO eVO\mU_. ;. dOPQR h W_V^iS\h QOZOn* ZOn \M^ if_ \eRS. c YO[_S eOPOWOVT[m \ ^TZ* ^O f_^R \NRaRSR* k[OUM h ^_ UiQTS _PO* eO[OZi k[O O^ Ok_^m i\[RS* [RN NRN _SMn W_k_V kT^TS RW[OZOUTSm. <. LVRk eO\OW_[OWRS Z^_* k[OUM h eVOWOQTS UOSmX_ WV_Z_^T ^R \W_f_Z WOaQiY_ T ^_ SOfTS\h \eR[m eOaQ^O. =. `T^R eOT^[_V_\OWRSR\m* eOnQi ST h ^R W_k_V* T h O[W_[TSR* k[O eOnQi. UNIT 12 T#PICG %#TE" TE'T( "#N #N %#TE"S There are !lenty of good hotels in 8ondon and you're nearly always sure of finding a room in one of them. 6till if you don't want to ,e disa!!ointed* es!ecially during the holiday season* it's ,etter to reser#e a room ,eforehand. 5ou'll find 8ondon hotels 1ust the same as in all large cities. 5ou enter a large entrance hall or lounge and go to the rece!tion desk. The rece!tion clerk will tell you which is your room* what floor it is on and will gi#e you the key. 5ou will sign the register and gi#e your luggage to the !orter who will take it u! in the lift to your room. "f you need some hel! you can call the cham,ermaid ,y the room tele!hone. There is usually a laundry and a dry cleaning ser#ice at the hotel. 5ou can ha#e your clothes cleaned* washed* ironed and deli#ered within 4; hours. The !eo!le in the office will always hel! you if you don't know your way a,out the town. They'll tell you where to go and what to see. They'll ,ook seats for you at the theatre and do all they can to make your stay a !leasant one. "f you want a guide to show you round* or an inter!reter for a ,usiness inter#iew* they'll get you one. "f you ha#e to write ,usiness letters and can ty!e* they'll !ro#ide you with a ty!ewriter. "f* on the other hand* you !refer to dictate your letter* they will get you a short/hand ty!ist. "f your wife is going to ,e with you she'll find !lenty to amuse her. 6he'll ,e a,le to s!end her time looking at the sho!s while you're ,usy. Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text and answer the questions: What is registration at a hotel like- What ser#ices can you get at 8ondon hotels//. Read the text2 analyse its language peculiarities. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. S+ecial ifficulties /. /a&e up sentences with the word com(ination -to (e sure o doing smth.-: e.g. 6he/get a #isa 4DA 4DC 6he is sure of getting a #isa. 0. He/win the !ri@e 4. 6he/!ass the e>am 7. "/,ook a ticket ;. 6he/get a rise <. "/find a room =. He/marry her ?. 6he/meet him at the !arty A. He/get the money //. Answer the questions: e.g. A: Bo you clean the windows yourself- :: 9o* " ha#e them cleaned. 0. Bid you !aint the house yourself- 4. Bo you cut the grass yourself- 7. Boes he wash his car himself- ;. Boes she !olish the floors herself- <. Are you going to shorten the trousers yourself- =. Are you going to cut down the tree yourself- ?. Bid you re!air the clock yourself- A. Bo you shar!en the kni#es yourself- C. Boes he tune his !iano himself- 0D. Boes she swee! the stairs herself- 00. Bid he ,uild the new garage himself- 04. Bid he !lant the trees himself- 07. "s she translating the ,ook herself- 0;.

Bid she make the suit herself- e.g. A: Bid she ha#e the window re!aired- :: 9o* she re!aired it herself. 0. Bid she ha#e the coat shortened- 4. Boes she ha#e her car!ets cleaned- 7. Boes the manager ha#e the accounts checked- ;. Bid you ha#e the ceiling whitewashed- <. Bid he ha#e his tooth taken out- =. Bid they ha#e the tree cut down- ?. Bid you ha#e your coat cleaned- A. Are you going to ha#e your house re!aired///. Ask someone at the hotel to ha#e your laundry done* to ha#e a ,louse or shirt ironed* to ha#e your car looked at or re!aired* to ha#e a rollaway ,ed mo#ed into your room* to ha#e a call to Minsk dialled ,y the hotel switch,oard o!erator and to ha#e a ta,le reser#ed for dinner. The hotel em!loyees should assure their !artners that it will ,e done immediately. Te,t E,ercises #.As& and answer questions on the text. G. Spea& on the London hotels. Conversation Practice /. Listen to the dialogues2 read and learn them: %ave &ou )ot Any $acancies for Toni.htD 0. . " wonder whether you ha#e any #acancies for tonight. . 5es* " can offer you room 4; on the first floor. 40D . How much is it. <.CD a night e>cluding ser#ice. . (an " see it* !lease. (ertainly. Would you take a seat for a moment4. . Ha#e you a single room for two nights. 5es* ,ut only on the to! floor. . What !rice is it. =.<D with ser#ice and TG. . Jair enough. (an you show me the room* !lease. )f course. Would you like to follow me' 7. . (an " ,ook a dou,le room from now until Jriday. 5ou can ha#e room 77 o#erlooking the sea. . What's the !rice. A !ounds not counting the ser#ice. . (an " ha#e a look at it* !lease. 5es* of course. (ome this way. ;. . Ha#e you got a twin/,edded room for one night- / " can let you ha#e a room on the second floor. . What does it cost. With a !ri#ate ,ath* C.4<* ser#ice included. . (an you show me something a little chea!er. 5es* of course. " won't kee! you a moment. <. . Good afternoon. "'d like a room for a few nights. . 6ingle or dou,le. 6ingle* !lease. . We'#e got a nice single room with ,ath on the second floor. . "s that an inside or an outside room. "t's an inside room facing the !ark. "t's light and comforta,le and only C !ounds a night. . All right. "'ll take it. =. (lerk: (ara#an Hotel* good e#ening. 'im: Hi+ " was wondering if you ha#e a dou,le room for tonight- (lerk: )h* "'m sorry. "'m afraid we ha#e no #acancies at this time. 'im: )kay* thanks anyway. (lerk: 5ou might try the Jlamingo Motel. "t's near the air!ort

on 6unday :oule#ard. 'im: )kay* thanks. (lerk: Anytime. ?. (lerk: Good e#ening* Jlamingo Motel. 'im: 5es* " wanted to know if you ha#e a dou,le room for tonight(lerk: 5es* we do. 'im: )h* good+ Bo you ha#e one with a water,ed400 (lerk: 8et me check... yes* we do* for ;< a night 'im: 5es* that'll ,e fine. (an you hold it for me- My name's Goldschmidt. (lerk: 5es* " can hold it for you until =.DD with no o,ligations on your !art. Bo you know how to get here- 'im: 5es* " do* thanks. "t should take us a,out twenty minutes* " think. (lerk: Jine* Mr Goldschmidt. We'll ha#e the room for you. 'im: Thank you. //. Mr and Mrs :utt are ,ooking in a hotel. Mr :utt is talking to the rece!tionist. Mrs :utt* who is a little deaf* doesn't hear the con#ersation clearly and asks her hus,and afterwards* who re!orts the rece!tionist's re2uests. R: (ould you show me your !ass!ort* !lease:: 6he asked me to show her my !ass!ort. 0. lease* fill u! this form. 4 Would you sign the register* !lease- 7. lease* write down the num,er of your car. ;. lease* don't lea#e anything #alua,le in the car. <. lease* don't !ark outside the hotel. =. Would you !ut your car in the hotel garage- ?. lease* don't smoke in the garage. A. Would you !lease read the Jire "nstructions- C. lease* don't allow your children to !lay with the lift. 0D. lease* tell me if you'd like an early call. 00. (ould you let me know if you are going to ,e in for dinner- 04. Bon't ,ring your dog into the dining room* !lease 07. Would you hang your keys on this ,oard when you are going out- 0; (ould you #acate your room ,y noon on the day you are lea#ing- 0<. Ring for room ser#ice if you want anything. 0=. Would you inform the hall !orter if you're going to ,e out late- 0?. lease* don't make too much noise after midnight. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: (hecking in Mr Hudson/ Ha#e you a single room for a few nights- Rece!tionist: We i.a#e a cheerful sunny room with !ri#ate ,ath on the si>th floor. Mr Hudson: That would ,e 2uite satisfactory if the rate is not too high. Rece!tionist: )ur rates are #ery low. The room is s!acious and only C !ounds a day. Mr Hudson: "'m afraid that is a little too high. Rece!tionist: Wf ha#e another room on the twelfth floor. "t is a little smaller* ,ut it is cosy and costs only ? !ounds a day. 404 Mr Hudson: "s there a ,athroom in the roomRece!tionist: 5es* there is a ,athroom with a shower* a TG set and a fridge Mr Hudson: That's fine. "'ll take it. That will sa#e me a little money. 6hall " !ay in ad#anceRece!tionist: 9o* you needn't. How long are you going to stay* Mr HudsonMr Hudson: 9ot too long* a,out a week " guess. Rece!tionist: lease* sign the register* Mr Hudson. Mr Hudson: Where do " signRece!tionist: 'ust here* sir . full name* home address and signature. Mr Hudson: Right . there you are. Rece!tionist: Thank you* sir. " think you'll find the room comforta,le. Here's the key. Mr Hudson: Thanks. Where's the restaurantRece!tionist: "t's o#er there* across the lounge. :esides* there are coffee/stalls and snack/,ars on e#ery floor of the hotel. Mr Hudson: (an " ha#e ,reakfast in the roomRece!tionist: 9o !ro,lem. 5ou can order it ,y !hone. Mr Hudson: 6orry* one more thing . what facilities are there in the hotel-

Rece!tionist: There's a ,ar,er's and a hairdresser's* a foreign currency ,ank* a !ost/ office* a dry cleaner' and a laundry. All of them are on the ground floor Mr Hudson: Thank you 5ou'#e ,een #ery hel!ful. Rece!tionist: " wish you a !leasant stay at our hotel* sir Questions: What room does Mr Hudson want- Boes the room on the si>th floor suit him- Why not- What is the room on the 04 th floor like- Boes it suit Mr Hudson//. As& detailed questions on the conversation. Answer the questions. ###. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. #$. Role-play the conversation. $. Situation: 5ou'#e corne to a hotel to ,ook a room for a few days. The hotel has got some #acancies ,ut still you find it diffirult to choose a room. )ne of them is too e>!ensi#e* another is loo noisy* the third is not comforta,le enough. Jinally you make your choice. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: 407 "'#e got a Reser#ation Rece!tionist: Good afternoon* sir. Mr Hunt: Good afternoon. "s this the :eardsley Hotel- Rece!tionist: 5es* this is the :eardsley. Mr Hunt: Good. "'m Mr Hunt. We'#e got a reser#ation. Rece!tionist: 'ust a minute* !lease... 5es* you'#e got a reser#ation. "t's for fi#e !eo!le. "t's for three weeks. Three single rooms and one dou,le. Am " right- Mr Hunt: 9o. 5ou're not right. We'd like two dou,le rooms and one single room. Rece!tionist: "'m sorry. Two dou,le rooms* num,ers si> and se#en. )ne single room* num,er nine. Mr Hunt: Where are the rooms- Rece!tionist: )n the second floor. lease* sign the register* Mr Hunt. Mr Hunt: Here's the register. How much are the rooms* !lease- Rece!tionist: A single room's si> !ounds. A dou,le room's eight !ounds. Would you like a tele#ision in the room- Mrs Hunt: 5es* !lease. Mr Hunt and " would like a tele#ision. We'd like a tele!hone* too. Rece!tionist: F#ery room's got a tele!hone. Mrs Hunt: Ha#e the rooms got ,athrooms- Rece!tionist: 5es* e#ery room's got a ,athroom. Mr Hunt: Ha#e the ,athrooms got showers- Rece!tionist: 5es* e#ery ,athroom's got a shower. Mr Hunt: Good. Rece!tionist: Are you going to the rooms now- Mr Hunt: 5es* we're going now. 6end two cu!s of coffee to the room* !lease. Mrs Hunt: And three lemonades. Mr Hunt: 5es* two cu!s of coffee and three lemonades. Rece!tionist: 5es* sir Here are the keys* Mr Hunt. 'im* take the Hunts to rooms si>* se#en and nine. 'im: (ome this way* !lease. Questions: At what hotel are the Hunts going to stay- Ha#e they got a reser#ationWhat rooms ha#e they reser#ed- Where are the rooms- How much are they- What are the rooms like- What do the Hunts ask the rece!tionist to do//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation ###. ,over the text and say Q how Mr Hunt asked a,out the location of the rooms/how the rece!tionist answered 40; . how the clerk offered a tele#ision/how Mrs Hunt answered . how Mrs Hunt asked a,out the ,athrooms/how the clerk answered #$. Role-play the conversation. $. Situation: 5ou are in the lo,,y of a ,ig hotel s!eaking to the rece!tionist. A few days ago you !honed and asked to reser#e a single room for you. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: "'m Hnha!!y A,out !y Roo*

Rece!tionist: 5es* sir+ (an " hel! youAntonio: " ha#e a room reser#ation* er... Rece!tionist: What name is itAntonio: Antonio Machado. Rece!tionist: " see* a dou,le room was itAntonio: 9o* a single room with ,ath. Rece!tionist: Hh Huh+ (ould you 1ust wait a minute- "'ll look at the reser#ations ,ook. Ah yes+ Here we are+ How long will you ,e staying- Antonio: "'ll ,e staying for two weeks* er* from today until the tenth of )cto,er. ' Rece!tionist: Right* sir* if you'll 1ust write your home address and sign here. Antonio: "s that all rightRece!tionist: Jine* sir+ Here's your key . room ;07 . "'ll call the hall !orter to take your luggage u!. " ho!e you'll en1oy your stay. Antonio: Thank you. The room costs 04 !ounds* doesn't it 7 Rece!tionist: That's right* sir* e>cluding ser#ice charges and ta>. $A few minutes later& Rece!tionist: Rece!tion. Antonio: (an " s!eak to the head rece!tionist* !leaseRece!tionist: 6!eaking. Antonio: Ah+ This is Antonio Machado* room ;07. Rece!tionist: 5es* sir. What can " do for youAntonio: 8ook* "'m sorry ,ut "'m #ery unha!!y a,out my roori. Rece!tionist: Really* sir- What's the !ro,lemAntonio: When " ,ooked the room " asked for a single room with ,ath. Rece!tionist: 5es* sir40< Antonio: Well* it's a single room ,ut it's got no ,ath* 1ust a shower. Rece!tionist: That's strange* sir+ Antonio: 5es* it is+ What's more* it's #ery small and " asked for a 2uiet room. This room is #ery noisy* indeed' Rece!tionist: 9oisy* sir- Antonio: 5es* #ery noisy. " asked for a room facing the !ark* not facing the street* and there isn't a TG in the room. " asked for a room with a TG... Rece!tionist: 'ust a minute* sir. " think "'#e got it. (ould you tell me the num,er of your room* again- Antonio: My room num,erRece!tionist: 5es* sir. Antonio: Fr . ;07 . why- Rece!tionist: ;07 . ah+ That's it. 5ou should ,e in four/oh/three' 6orry* sir* it's our mistake. Antonio: What+ "'m in the wrong room- " see. )h+ That's all right then. "'m sorry. Rece!tionist: 9o* "'m sorry... "t's our fault* " mean* my fault " really do a!ologi@e. "'ll send the head !orter u! right away. Questions: Has Antonio got a reser#ation- What room did he ask for- What room did he get- Why//. 8ive a (rie account o the two conversations. ###. Role-play the conversations. #$. Situation: 9ot long ago you reser#ed a dou,le room at the ark Hotel. 5ou asked for an inside room with a fridge and a shower* ,ut you'#e got an outside room facing a noisy street. The room has got neither a refrigerator nor a shower. 5ou !hone the rece!tion and settle the !ro,lem. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: o &ou %ave a Cre-it Car-D (lerk: Hi+ (an " hel! you-

Martin: 5es* we had a reser#ation for this weekend. (lerk: All right* what was the name* sirMartin: :aum* Martin :aum. (lerk: :aum... :aum... )h* yes* here it is. A dou,le for two nights- Martin: 5es* that's right. :ut we were wondering... would you ha!!en to ha#e a suite a#aila,le this weekend* something with a li#ing area and a kitchenette40= (lerk: Well* the only one that's a#aila,le this weekend is K 0;D a night. Martin: " see. That's !retty high... (lerk: 5ou know* sir* this dou,le is more than twenty feet s2uare* and it has a refrigerator. Martin: )h* really- That sounds fine* then. What do you say* 6ally6ally: 6ounds good to me* too. (lerk: Good* the dou,le then. Bo you ha#e a credit card* sir- Martin: 9o* "'ll ,e !aying cash. (lerk: Then "'ll ha#e to ask you to !ay in ad#ance. Jifty/fi#e a night* !lus K A ta> comes to K 04=. And would you fill out this registration form* !lease- Here's a !en. 'ust your name* address and the make and license num,er of your car. Martin: )E... here you are. And tra#ellers checks for K 07D. (lerk: Jine* Mr :aum. Here's K ; change. (heck/out time is 04.DD noon. The ,ellman will take you u!... Har#ey+ Room =0<... "f you need anything* 1ust let me know. Martin: Thank you. Good night. //. As& and answer questions on the conversation. ###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: c UiQi eSR[T[m ^RSTk^MZT. {OPQR Z^_ eVTQ_[\h eOeVO\T[m WR\ aReSR[T[m aRUSRPOWV_Z_^^O. << QOSSRVOW W \i[NT. G WR\ \SikRn^O ^_[ \WOUOQ^OPO SbN\R ^R q[On ^_Q_S_' |O^TZRb. w[O QOWOSm^O WM\ONRh _^R. \ST WRZ eO^RQOUT[\h k[O/ ^TUiQm* QRn[_ Z^_ a^R[m. R\k_[^O_ WV_Zh . 04 kR\OW. |OfRSin\[R* aReOS^T[_ V_PT\[VRTO^^ib NRV[OkNi. w[O aWikT[ ^_eSOYO. ^R\ aRNRaR^ ^OZ_V ^R q[T WMYOQ^M_. #$. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. $. Role-play the conversation. $#. Situation: 5ou are at the rece!tion desk. A few days ago you sent a letter and asked to reser#e a single room for you. :ut there's an international conference in the city and the hotel is full u!. The clerk offers you a ,ed in a dou,le room. 5ou don't like it ,ut there is no way out. 5ou ask the clerk some 2uestions a,out the room and the ser#ices at the hotel. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: 40? IsnEt the %otel Enor*ousL Mr Gunther: "sn't this hotel enormous+ Mr :lack: "t is not only #ery large* ,ut also #ery !o!ular ,ecause it is centrally located. Jrom here you can reach any !art of the city ,y underground or ,us Mr Gunther: How many guests does this hotel accomodate Mr :lack: " do not know e>actly* ,ut 0 ,elie#e that there are twenty/fi#e floors* and it must ha#e room for se#eral hundred guests. Mr Gunther: Are all the rooms usually occu!iedMr :lack: 5es. Gery often " ha#e ,een una,le to o,tain acco/modation for my friends. Mr Gunther: Then we were fortunate enough to get a room for as little as C !ounds. How are the meals* and are the !rices reasona,leMr :lack: The hotel is known for its e>cellent cuisine and moderate !rices. The dining/ room is so ,eautifully decorated that you will en1oy eating there. Mr Gunther: "s there music during the meals-

Mr :lack: 5es* a famous orchestra !lays sweet dinner music and its im!orted and domestic wines lea#e unforgetta,le taste. 8et's ha#e our first meal this e#ening at the hotel. 5ou and Mrs Gunther will ,e our guests Mr Gunther: We shall ,e glad to acce!t your in#itation. Mr :lack: We'll meet you at the hotel lo,,y at =.7D. Mr Gunther: That's s!lendid. That will gi#e us an hour to rest and change our clothes. We'll see you then at =.7D. Questions: What is the hotel like- Why is the hotel !o!ularHow many guests does it accomodate- Why does Mr Gunther think they were fortunate enough to get a room at the hote What is the hotel known for- Where does Mr :lack in#ite his friends//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation. ##. Role-play the conversation. #$. 5ou're on ,usiness in 8ondon. 5ou are staying at a modern fashiona,le hotel. 5ou like the hotel and your room. 5ou !hone your wife to tell her where you are staying. 6he asks you some 2uestions a,out the hotel and your room. /. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: Can &ou %el+ !eD (lerk: Jront desk. 40A Martin: Hello. This is Martin :aum. The ,athroom light in my room doesn't work. (ould you ha#e some,ody come u! and take a look at it* !lease- (lerk: )h* of course* Mr :aum. What room num,er was that* !leaseMartin: Room =0<. (lerk. )kay* "'ll ha#e a man u! there in a minute. Martin: Jine. And another thing . " don't seem to ha#e a room ser#ice menu. "s there one- (lerk: 5es* there is. We ha#e 4;/hour room ser#ice. "'m sorry a,out that. "'ll ha#e a room ser#ice waiter ,ring you a menu u! right away. Martin: Thanks. (lerk: "f you need anything else* 1ust let me know Martin: " will. Good night. (lerk: Good night. Questions: What's wrong with Martin's ,athroom- What else does he ask the clerk to do//. ,over the conversation. 1hen tell your partner exactly what /artin said when he . com!lained a,out the ,athroom light . asked the clerk to ha#e someone look at the light. . said he didn't ha#e a room ser#ice menu. /// Role-play the conversation. #$. Situation: 5ou are staying at a hotel. There's something wrong with the ,ath. "t doesn't hold water. There is only one ,lanket on the ,ed. 5ou want two. :esides you'#e got some laundry to do. 5ou !hone room ser#ice for hel!. "istenin. At the %otel 3We want a room on the first floor3* " said. 3(ertainly* sir*3 the hotel manager answered. 3Ha#e you a room with a !ri#ate ,athroom-3 " asked. 35es* sir*3 the hotel manager said. 3Here are the keys to num,er twenty one.3 " took the keys and my wife and " went u!stairs. We unlocked the door of num,er 40 and went into the loom. We shut the door and !ut our cases on the floor. 38isten3* my wife said. 3There's a man in the room. He's singing.3 35ou're rght+3 " said. 3He's in the ,athroom.3 " knocked at the door of the ,athroom The singing sto!!ed. 40C 3Who is it-3 a #oice asked. 3This is our room3* " answered. 3What are you doing here'3 35our room+3 the #oice answered angrily 3This is my room. lease* go away+ "'m taking a ,ath.3

3"'ll call the manager3* my wife said. 'ust then the door o!ened and the manager came in.3 "'m #ery sorry3* he said. 3" made a mistake. 5our room is ne>t door. Here are the keys to num,er twenty/two.3 Questions: )n what floor was the writer's room- What was its num,er- Was the room #acant- What did the manager say A Millionaire at the Hotel This is a story a,out a well/known millionaire who did not like to s!end e#en small sums of money. )ne day he went to stay at a hotel in 9ew 5ork. He asked for the chea!est room they had. He said: 3What is the !rice of the room-3 The manager told him 3And what floor is it on-3 He asked the manager again. The manager told him. 3"s this the chea!est room you ha#e- "'m staying here ,y myself and only need a small room.3 The manager told him that that was the smallest room they had. 3:ut why do you take the chea!est room like that- When your son stays here he always has the most e>!ensi#e room.3 35es3* answered the millionaire* 3,ut his father is a rich man and mine is not.3 Questions: Why was the manager of the hotel sur!rised' What e>!lanation did the millionaire gi#eThe ower of "magination Mr :rown got to a hotel late in the e#ening after a long 1ourney. He asked the desk/clerk whether there were any #acant rooms in the hotel. At that moment another tra#eller came to the hotel and asked the desk/clerk for a room too The only #acant room was a dou,le one. 3Bo you mind s!ending the night in that room together-3 the desk/clerk asked. At first the tra#ellers didn't like the idea* ,ut 1ust then it ,egan raining hard and they were too tired to go to another hotel* so they changed their minds. Their things were carried in and soon the two men went to slee!. 6uddenly a loud oice woke Mr :rown u!. "t was 2uite dark 3What's the matter'3 Mr :rown asked in sur!rise. "n a weak #oice the second tra#eller answered: 3"'m sorry* ,ut " had to wake you u!. "'#e got astma. " feel #ery ,ad. "n addition "'#e got a terri,le headache. "f you don't want me to die* o!en the window 2uickly.3 Mr :rown 1um!ed out of ,ed and ,egan looking for matches* 44D ,ut he couldn't find them in the dark* and the sick man went on: 3Air* air* " want fresh air. "'m dying.3 Mr :rown still couldn't find the matches* so he tried to find the window. "t took him some time* and at last he thought he had found it :ut he couldn't o!en it. As the #oice of the tra#eller ,ecame weaker and weaker* Mr :rown took a chair and ,roke the window with it. The sick man immediately sto!!ed moaning and said he felt much ,etter Then the two of them sle!t !eacefully until morning. G/hen they woke u! ne>t morning they were sur!rised to see that the only window in the room was closed ,ut the large looking/glass was ,roken to !ieces. Questions: What woke Mr :rown u!- What ha!!ened to Mr :rown's neigh,our- What did Mr :rown ,egin to look for- Why did Mr :rown ,reak the window- How did the tra#ellers s!end the rest of the night- Why were they sur!rised in the morningReading laces to 6tay How do you go a,out finding a !lace to stay- Well* !lenty of hotels ad#ertise at air!orts. "f you arri#e ,y train or car* !ro,a,ly the ,est thing to do is look in the 5ellow ages under Hotel* Motel or 8odging. 5ou can start ,y com!aring the ser#ices offered in their ads. "n any case* you'll ha#e to call them and see if they ha#e the kind of room you're looking for. laces to stay may ,e called hotels* motels or motor hotels* inns* lodges or resorts. They are all similar. Motels ha#e !lenty of !arking s!ace and are usually near a freeway or highway. "nns are usually like motels. 8odges and resorts* or resort hotels* are in the mountains* on the coast* or near lakes. :eds /that's right* ,eds /also go ,y many different names. 6tarting with the smallest* there are single* twin* dou,le* 2ueen and king si@e ones. 38ong ,oys3 are for e>ce!tionally tall !eo!le At some hotels* 2ueen ,eds are the smallest si@e used* so a dou,le room has two of them 6ome hotels e#en offer their guests water,eds. A roll/

away can ,e mo#ed into a room to slee! an e>tra !erson. Hide/a/,eds are sofas that fold out to make ,eds. eo!le who !refer cam!ing to staying in hotels will ha#e a hard time in American cities* ,ecause most of them don't ha#e cam!grounds near,y. 5ou can cam! in state and national !arks* though* which generally ha#e facilities for ,oth tents and trailers. 440 Here are some more hel!ful things to know. Who should you ti! at a hotel- The ,ellman gets K " !er ,ag for taking your luggage to your room. Maids usually don't e>!ect a ti!* ,ut if you stay more than a few days or if your maid does something s!ecial for you* a K 4 ti! is a good idea. Room ser#ice waiters should get 0< of a ,ill. 5ou may want to a#oid some motels that ad#ertise 3in/room mo#ies3 or 3in/house films3. These are usually /rated* or !ornogra!hic* films. 8ots of hotels ha#e s!ecial facilities for con#entions . large and small meeting rooms* ,an2uet rooms* A $!u,lic address& systems and so on. They may also offer guests attending the con#ention s!ecial rates on ser#ices. Flectricity in 9orth America is 00D #olts $=D Her@& . not 44D This means you won't ,e a,le to use your hair dryer or your electric ra@or unless you can change it to 00D #olts. When tele!honing from your hotel room* you will often ha#e to go through the hotel switch,oard* es!ecially for long distance calls. These calls can ,e 2uite e>!ensi#e* ,ecause the hotel usually adds a high ser#ice charge to the calls you make. )n the other hand* local calls can generally ,e made from your room ,y dialling direct. 5ou can also ask the hotel rece!tionist to gi#e you a wake u! call in the morning. "f your hotel does not ha#e a laundry ser#ice* may,e you can find a laundromat near,y* which might e#en ,e o!en 4; hours a day. 5ou will need e>act change to o!erate the washing machines and dryers. 5ou will always find soa!* towels and linen in hotel and motel rooms in the H6. !r Tho*+son at the %otel Mr Thom!son had to go to Manchester on ,usiness. He had not ,een there for years. He thought of going ,y car* ,ut he did not like the idea of dri#ing for se#eral hours on ,usy roads* so in the end he decided to take a train. As he was una,le to catch an early train* it was late in the e#ening when he arri#ed in Manchester. Jeeling tired after his 1ourney* he chose a hotel near the station. He went to the rece!tion desk and asked the clerk if there was a single room* with ,ath. 3(ertainly* sir3* the clerk said 3" ho!e there is !lenty of hot water3* Mr Thom!son said. He was looking forward to a hot ,ath after his 1ourney. 3)f course* sir3* the clerk said. 3Room forty/ nine. "'ll get the !orter to take u! your luggage.3 Mr Thom!son was not a mean man* ,ut he had made his money the hard way* and he did not ,elie#e in ti!!ing !eo!le 444 for doing things that he could do himself. 3Bon't ,other3* he said. 3"'#e got one suitcase. " can manage myself.3 3All right* sir. Here's your key. 5our room is on the fourth floor* num,er forty/nine.3 3The fourth floor- "'d rather use the lift then.3 3The lift is out of order* sir* "'m afraid. "t has ,een for the last fortnight.3 3"n that case* 0 shall need the !orter after all.3 The rece!tion clerk looked at his watch. 3He's 1ust gone off duty3* he said. 3He went 1ust now* while we were talking. The night !orter hasn't arri#ed yet.3 Mr Thom!son's face ,egan to feel hot* which was a sign that he was getting annoyed. icking u! his suitcase he made his way u! four flights of stairs to his room* which he found to ,e e>tremely small and untidy. He felt like a drink* so he !icked u! the !hone: 3Will you send a whisky and soda to room forty/nine-3 Jifteen minutes !assed and no drink arri#ed. He !honed down a second time: 3This is room forty/nine again. Where's the whisky " ordered some time ago- "'d like it straightaway.3 6uddenly feeling sus!icious* he went into the ,athroom and turned on the hot ta!. 9o hot water came out. "n fact* no water came out at all. :y this time his face was feeling #ery hot* so he went to the wash ,asin in his ,edroom and s!lashed some cold water on it. He waited. 6till no drink. Then he noticed that the water was still in the ,asin "t had not drained away. The !i!es must ,e clogged. This was the last

straw. He used the !hone again. 3" demand to see the manager*3 he said. 3At once.3 After twenty minutes the manager a!!eared. 3(an " hel! you* sir-3 he said. 3" wish to make a com!laint a,out the ser#ice and the conditions in this hotel*3 Mr Thom!son said. 3There are no !orters. The lift is out of order. My room is no ,igger than a ra,,it/hutch* and it is dirty. " ha#e !honed twice for a drink* ,ut no drink has come. " was assured that there would ,e hot water* and there isn't any. And now* to crown it all* the wash/ ,asin is ,locked.3 The manager looked at the wash/,asin for some minutes. He smelt strongly of ,eer. 3That is #ery strange*3 he said. He !ut his hand into the water and got out a small o,1ect. Mr Thom!son heard the sound of water draining away. The manager smiled trium!hantly: 35ou forgot to remo#e the !lug* sir*3 he said. 35ou see* there is a,solutely nothing wrong with our hotel.3 Self check /. 1ranslate into "nglish: . yQVRW\[Win[_. oOh zRZTSTh d_^[. `R eVOXSOn ^_Q_S_ h aRNRaRS OQ^OZ_\[^Mn ^OZ_V W WRX_n PO\[T^T_. . oT^i[OkNi. lR* \qV* ZM eOSikTST WRX_ eT\mZO. c ZOPi 447 eV_QSOfT[m WRZ ^OZ_V ;= ^R [V_[m_Z q[Rf_. . \[m ST W ^OZ_V_ QiX. lR* QiX T WR^^R. . w[O YOVOXO. `RQ_b\m* k[O W NOZ^R[_ _\[m T [_S_zO^. . lR* WO W\_Y ^OZ_VRY W ^RX_n PO\[T^T_ _\[m [_S_zO^. . w[O Ok_^m iQOU^O. o^_ ^if^O \Q_SR[m ^_\NOSmNO [_S_zO^^MY aWO^NOW. jNOSmNO \[OT[ ^OZ_V. <D QOSSRVOW W \i[NT. . OVOXO. c WOamZi q[O[ ^OZ_V. . {OPQR* eOfRSin\[R* aReOS^T[_ V_PT\[VRTO^^ib NRV[OkNi . OVOXO. dOPQR i WR\ eOQRb[ aRW[VRN. j ? QO C.7D. . \[m ST W PO\[T^T_ eOk[R. `_[* ^O O^R \OW\_Z VhQOZ* ^R QViPOn \[OVO^_ iSTM. . jeR\TUO. Fluency /. Answer the questions: Bo you like to stay at a hotel- What are #isitors re2uired to do first when they arri#e at a hotel- What information is re2uired from you when you are signing in at a hotel- What ser#ices does a guest get at a modern hotel- What is meant ,y the term 3,ed and ,reakfast3- What is the usual rate for a single $dou,le& room in this country- What are the duties of the rece!tion clerk $cham,ermaid* !orter&- What is the ,est hotel in your city- Why do you think soWhen did you stay at a hotel last- Where- What is the hotel like- "s it difficult to get accomodation in that hotel- Bid you reser#e a room in ad#ance- How much did it costBescri,e how you registered at the hotel. Bid you like your room- What was it like- Bid you ha#e your meals at the hotel- How did you find the cooking- Were the !rices reasona,le- What was the ser#ice like- Was there a dry/cleaner's ser#ice at the hotelHa#e you e#er ,een a,road- Bid you !ut u! at a hotel- How did you find the hotel and the ser#ice there//. %escri(e one o the hotels you stayed at. ###. 3hat will you say in the ollowing situations: 0. 5ou are at the rece!tion desk of a hotel. 5ou want a dou,le room for three days. 5ou ask... 4. 5ou want to know the !rice of the room you are offered. 5ou ask... 7. The desk/clerk wants to offer you a room on the second floor. 6he/he says... ;. 5ou are a guest at a hotel. 5ou want the rece!tionist to gi#e you a wake u! call in the morning. 5ou ring u! the rece!tion desk and say... <. 5ou want to ha#e your shirt washed and your 1acket cleaned

When the cham,ermaid comes you say... =. 5ou are lea#ing the hotel and you want your luggage to ,e taken down. 5ou !hone the rece!tion clerk and say... ?. 5ou want to ha#e a tele!hone in your room and you ask the clerk... A. 5ou don't know whether there is a ,athroom in your room and you ask... C. 5ou want to ha#e ,reakfast at the hotel and you ask... #$. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. The room the desk clerk ga#e you is occu!ied. 5ou'#e returned to the rece!tion desk to clear u! the matter. 4. There are some hotels in Minsk. 5our Fnglish colleague asks you what hotel you can recommend him. 5ou gi#e him some ad#ice. 7. 5ou'#e come to Washington on ,usiness. 5our friend recommended you to stay at the Ramada Hotel. 5ou call the hotel and ask whether it is !ossi,le to get accomodation there. They'#e got some #acancies. They !romise to hold a room for you till 4 o'clock. ;. 5ou'#e come to the only hotel in the town to ,ook a room for a few nights. The hotel is full u!* the clerk says. 5ou are in des!air. The clerk asks you to come at 04 o'clock. "f some,ody checks out* they might gi#e you a room. 3riting #. 3rite a similar letter on this pattern to a hotel reserving a room in advance: 1he /anager2 Seascape 4otel2 /arine .arade2 Arighton2 Sussex2 "ngland %ear Sir2 # would li&e to (oo& two rooms at your hotel or our nights rom Euly G>th to Euly Rlst. # would li&e one dou(le room and one single room (oth with (aths. Iours aith ully2 .eter Schnelling ##. 5ou are in 8ondon on ,usiness. 5ou are staying at a ,ig fashiona,le hotel. "n your letter home you write a lot a,out the hotel and the ser#ices at the hotel. ///. 3rite a conversation or this situation: 0. Ro,ert Wilson arri#es at a hotel late at night. His secretary has ,ooked a room for him there. 44; 44< 4. He a!ologises for arri#ing so late $his !lane was delayed&. 7. The hotel clerk smiles and looks through the guest list $the list of !eo!le who are staying at the hotel or who ha#e reser#ed rooms&. ;. The clerk ,egins to look worried* says that Wilson's name is not on the list and that there are no rooms free that e#ening. <. Wilson is sure the clerk is wrong a,out this. =. The clerk checks the guest list again and suddenly notices 'that there is a room reser#ed for 3R. Wilton3. The clerk says that someone has s!elt Wilson's name wrongly and a!ologises The clerk calls a !orter who takes Wilson's luggage to his room UNIT 1: GRAMMAR: PASSI$E $#ICE Illustrative Situations /. ,ompare the ollowing situations: Mr 6mith teaches well* $the su,1ect is the doer of the action* the #er, 3teach3 is in the Acti#e Goice& The students are taught well* $the su,1ect is the recei#er of the actionI it is acted u!on* the #er, 3teach3 is in the assi#e Goice& The assi#e is used: a& to gi#e factual information: The musical 3(ats3 is ,ased on the !oems of T. 6. Fliot. "t was com!osed ,y Andrew 8loyd We,,er. ,& when what is/was done is more im!ortant than who is doing/did the action: Wine from (alifornia is e>!orted to Jrance. c& to introduce general o!inions: "t is now recognised as one of the most successful musicals of all time. d& to e>!ress rules. 6moking is not allowed here. "t is for,idden to walk on the grass.

e& to descri,e !rocesses: :read is made from flour The doer of the action in the !assi#e constructions is introduced ,y the !re!osition 3,y3. "t is #ery seldom used. When Mrs :rown was crossing the street she was sto!!ed , a !oliceman. 9owadays washing is done ,y washing/machines Here are some e>am!les of the other tense forms used in the assi#e Goice: ". " think 'ack will ,e in#ited to the !arty. 44= 4. 5ou won't ,e allowed to use these ,ooks. 7 The school was ,uilt in 0A=?. The rooms are small and dark and it looks like a !rison. "t is still ,eing used although the local authorities ha#e recently !romised it will ,e !ulled down. ;. 5esterday on my way home " dro!!ed into the re!air sho!. " wanted to find out if my ty!ewriter was ready. :ut it was still ,eing re!aired. They asked me to come in two days. <. Richard's wife saw #ery good alarm clocks at s!ecial !rices in a de!artment store last week. 6he has gone ,ack there today* ,ut ail the clocks are gone. 3"'m sorry* Madam3* the salesgirl is saying. 3All the clocks ha#e ,een sold3. =. atrick (onnor has gone ,ack to "reland for a few days. Bu,lin has changed a lot. atrick is talking to an old friend now. 3A lot of fine old ,uildings ha#e ,een !ulled down+3 he says. ?. The chief engineer in#ited the heads of the de!artments to his office. He wished to know if his instructions had ,een carried out. A. When " arri#ed the family were in the sitting/room. Tea had ,een cleared away and the curtains had ,een drawn. The wife and hus,and were going to watch TG. Mary* their daughter* was looking for something in the ,ook/case. Her ,rother Ro,ert was making a tele!hone call to his friend. C. (ome at 00* !lease. The !a!ers will ha#e ,een signed ,y that time. SI!P"E PRESENT PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. The !ost is deli#ered e#ery morning. 4. 6teel sinks when it is !ut into water. 7. 6moking is not allowed here. ;. He is often sent !arcels. < (offee is im!orted from :ra@il. =. Wine is !roduced in many !arts of Jrance. ?. Accidents are often caused ,y carelessness. A. 9ews!a!ers are sold at the newsagent's. C. (lothes are washed at the launderette. 0D. Jilms are shown at the cinema. 00. :read is sold at the ,aker's. 04. Milk goes sour when it is left for three days. 07. 5our re!ort is highly s!oken of. 0;. The children are well looked after. 0<. The machines are ins!ected e#ery day. 0<. Jlowers die when they are not watered. 0=. 8ost time is ne#er found again. 0?. This article is often referred to. 0A. He is !aid a lot of money for his work. 0C. What is made at this factory- 4D. When is ,reakfast ser#ed here- 40. Where are ,ananas sold- 44. Who is in#ited to their !arties- 47. What foreign languages are you taught at the "nstitute- 4;. Are you allowed to use this li,rary44? //. Su(stitute the stimulus nouns: e.g. This museum is #isited ,y thousands of !eo!le e#ery year* $gallery& This gallery is #isited ,y thousands of !eo!le e#ery year. 0. These articles are recommended for your work* $1ournals& 4. The documents are ke!t in the safe* $the money& 7. Many ,ooks are recei#ed ,y this li,rary* $maga@ines& ;. 9ew schools are ,uilt in our city e#ery year* $offices& < :utter is made from milk* $cheese& =. :ooks are !u,lished there* $news!a!ers& ///. Su(stitute the stimulus ver(s: e.g. The li,rary is o!ened at C. $close& The li,rary is closed at C. 0. The hall is cleaned on 6aturday* $wash& 4. 6he is often sent interesting ,ooks* $gi#e& 7. The documents are signed ,y Mrs 6mith* $!hoto/co!y& ;. :read is ,ought at the ,aker's* $sell& <. Meat is ke!t in the fridge* $!ut& =. Trucks are !roduced at this !lant*

$make& #$. .araphrase the ollowing sentences. 8ive two variants i possi(le. e.g. They often show us foreign films at the "nstitute. We are often shown foreign films at the "nstitute. Joreign films are often shown to us at the "nstitute. 0. They grow rice in this area. 4. They !u,lish news!a!ers here. 7. They deli#er mail in the morning. ;. They im!ort tea from "ndia. <. They sell shoes in that sho!. =. They s!eak "talian in "taly. ?. They !roduce ,utter on farms. A. They often send us letters C. They !ay him a lot of money. 0D. They don't allow us to smoke here. 00. They teach Fnglish* Jrench and German at the courses. 04. They ,uild a lot of houses in our town e#ery year. 07. They hold conferences in the assem,ly/hall. 0;. They gi#e us three lessons a day. 0<. They don't tell us a,out their work. 0=. They announce news e#ery day. 0?. They make lorries at that !lant $. 8ive negative answers to the ollowing questions: e.g. . Boes Mrs Green deli#er the !ost. 9o* the !ost isn't deli#ered ,y Mrs Green. 0. Boes Mary ty!e the documents- 4. Boes the chief engineer sign the !a!ers- 7. Boes 'ack re!air the ty!e/writers* too- ;. Boes the ,oss write the letters himself- <. Bo the teachers !re!are the lunch- =. Boes the secretary dictate the letters- ?. Bo the salesmen ins!ect the machines44A $#. As& general questions. e.g. . Mr 6mith is often sent to 8ondon on ,usiness. $Mr White& . "s Mr White often sent to 8ondon* too- 0 We are gi#en a lot of work to do. $you& 4. We are allowed to use this la,oratory* $you& 7. Jootwear is sold in this sho!* $te>tile& ;. They are taught 6!anish. $Jrench& <. :ags are re!aired there* $um,rellas& =. Rice is grown here* $wheat& $##. As& special questions: e.g. :reakfast is ser#ed early here* $when& When is ,reakfast ser#ed here0. They are taught two foreign languages* $what foreign languages& 4. This 1ournal is not !u,lished in Minsk* $where& 7. 6he is sometimes sent money orders* $how often& ;. Mr :rown is highly !aid* $how much& <. This work is not done ,y Mr :rown* $,y whom& =. The li,rary is closed late* $when& ?. We are not in#ited to their !arties* $who& $###. /a&e up sentences using the passive voice: e.g. :ooks . sell . ,ooksho! :ooks are sold in that ,ooksho!. 0. We . !ay . twice a month 4. (offee . ser#e . in the morning 7. Meetings . hold . that hall ;. Tickets . usually . ,ook . in ad#ance. <. 8etters . deli#er . a !ostman =. He . often . send . a,road ?. These ta!erecorders . use . our students A. "m!ortant !ro,lems . discuss . our meetings C. Fnglish . s!eak . Australia #+. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. dRNOn T^O\[VR^^Mn haMN eV_eOQRb[ W WRX_Z T^\[T[i[_- 4. ^[_V_\^O* PQ_ TaQR_[\h q[O[ fiV^RS. 7. c QiZRb* k[O q[T N^TPT eVOQRb[\h WO W\_Y ZRPRaT^RY. ;. p[O eVOTaWOQT[\h ^R q[On zRUVTN_- <. w[O[ \eT\ON \[R[_n V_NOZ_^Qi_[\h QSh WRX_n VRUO[M. =. L ^RX_Z T^\[T[i[_ kR\[O Q_ZO^\[VTVib[\h aRViU_f^M_ zTSmZM. ?. L NO[OVOZ kR\i aRNVMWR_[\h UTUSTO[_NR- A. `RZ ^_ VRaV_XR_[\h WM^O\T[m N^TPT Ta kT[RSm^OPO aRSR. C. |Ok[i QO\[RWShb[ \bQR \RZOS_[OZ- 0D. j_POQ^h OfTQR_[\h Z^OPO PO\[_n 00. Zi kR\[O eVT\MSRb[ eT\mZR. 04. p[O eVOQR_[\h W q[OZ ZRPRaT^_07. jNOSmNO WRZ aQ_\m eSR[h[- 0;. xQ_ OUMk^O eVOWOQh[\h \OUVR^Th- dRNT_ eVOUS_ZM ^R ^TY OU\ifQRb[\h- 0<. xQ_ YVR^h[\h QONiZ_^[M- d_Z eOQeT\MWRb[\h QONiZ_^[M44C SI!P"E PAST PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. Those !aintings were sold for <DD !ounds each 4 That's a good ,ook. "t was written ,y George )rwell. 7. " was offered an interesting 1o, yesterday. ;. The doctor was

immediately sent for <. His car was not fi>ed in time* so he couldn't go to the city =. Ro me wasn't ,uilt in a day. ?. 6ome coffee was ,rought to our room A. The car was !arked there. C. " was frightened to death when " dro#e through aris last month. 0D. He was asked to gi#e a s!eech at the !arty. 00. The woman was taken to hos!ital. 04. )ur car was sto!!ed ,ecause we were dri#ing too fast. 07. He couldn't get into the room as the door was locked. 0;. The ring was no+ found. 0<. The article was much talked a,out. 0=. F#erything wa* done in time. 0?. The letters were not signed yesterday. 0A. " was gi#en a ,ook as a !resent. //. Su(stitute the stimulus words: e.g.: The watch was sold yesterday morning* $ring& The ring was sold yesterday morning. 0. Mary was gi#en a ten days' lea#e. $'ohn& 4. Mr :lack was sent a #isa. $Mrs Ro,inson& 7. The letter was ,rought in the e#ening* $telegram& ;. The key was lost some days ago. $,ook& <. The documents were left in the drawer* $money& =. The oranges were !ut into the refrigerator* $a!!les& ?. Mary was !romised hel!. $Bick& ///. Answer the questions: e.g. . " think Mary ,aked the cakes* didn't she- . 5es* the cakes were ,aked ,y Mary 0. :etty cleaned the flat* didn't she- 4. Roger sent the !arcel* didn't he- 7. " think 8ucy ty!ed the article* didn't she- ;. " think 6te#e !hoto/co!ied the !a!ers* didn't he- <. " think 6usan translated the te>t* didn't she- =.0 think Bonald caught that ,ig fish* didn't he#$. 1rans orm the ollowing sentences with two o()ects: e.g. They offered me a 1o, at the hos!ital. 0 was offered a 1o, at the hos!ital. A 1o, was offered to me. 0. They showed the scientists a new research centre. 4. 6he ga#e me a !ound of sugar. 7. He told the children fairy/tales ;. They !aid him only !art of the money. <. The doctor !rescri,ed me a lot of medicine. =. They !romised us seats in the first row. 47D ?. The doctors ad#ised him to take a long holiday. A. 6he recommended me a rest in the south. $. Answer the questions using the prompts: e.g. Who ins!ects the machines- the man who laughed so much Who e>!lained the 1oke- the foreman The machines are ins!ected ,y the foreman. The 1oke was e>!lained ,y the man who laughed so much. 0. Who made the ,iscuits- the manager 4. Who wra!s the chocolate ,o>es- my wife 7. Who dictated that letter- the girls in the factory ;. Who !re!ared the medicine- the (hocolate Makers' Association <. Who sells the news!a!ers- his secretary =. Who ,rought the menu- the chemist ?. Who !u,lishes the (hocolate Makers' Maga@ine- the newsagent A. Who o!ens Mr :ur,ank's letters- The waiter $#. Respond to the ollowing: e.g. They didn't ask me any 2uestions. And 'ack- 'ack wasn't asked any 2uestions either. 0. They didn't !romise him hel!. And Ro,ert- 4. They didn't send Bick a #isa. And Alec7. They didn't in#ite 'ohn to the !icnic. And Roger- ;. 6he didn't inform me a,out her arri#al. And you<. They didn't tell me the news. And you- =. He didn't allow me to use his dictionary. And you$##. As& your partner when the !arcel was ,roughtI what was discussed at the last meetingI what mark he was gi#en at his last Fnglish e>amI if he is !aid wellI if he is often sent a,roadI when he was last sent a letterI if he is often #isited ,y his friendsI what foreign language he was taught at schoolI ,y whom the te>t was translatedI when the documents were !hoto/co!iedI when the news!a!er was deli#eredI what is !roduced at that factoryI when the tickets were ,ookedI if his dictionary was foundI

when dinner is ser#edI when the meeting was heldI when America was disco#ered. $###. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. L eVOXSOZ POQi _PO ^_ eO\MSRST aR PVR^Ti. 4. dOPQR aRNRaRST UTS_[M- 7. dOPQR QO\[RWTST eOk[i- ;. jOPSRX_^T_ UMSO eOQeT\R^O 0D ZRV[R. < |Ok_Zi _Zi ^_ \OOUsTST OU __ O[_aQ_=. xQ_ eVOYOQTSR NO^z_V_^Th- ?. dOPQR UMS eO\[VO_^ q[O[ WONaRS- A. jNOSmNO eT\_Z UMSO eOSik_^O Wk_VR- C. `R\ ^_ eVTPSR\TST ^R W_k_V. 0D. o^_ ^_ eV_QSOfTST UTS_[ ^R NO^_V[. 00. d_Z UMSR WMeOS^_^R q[R VRUO[R- 04. xO\[hZ eONRaRST SRUO/ 470 VR[OVTT T^\[T[i[R. 07. w[O[ WOeVO\ OU\ifQRS\h ^R ^RX_Z eO\S_Q^_Z \OUVR^TT. 0;. lONiZ_^[M UMST O[e_kR[R^M W eh[^Ti 0<. |T\mZO UMSO ^ReT\R^O ZOTZ \_NV_[RV_Z QWR Q^h ^RaRQ 0=. ] zTSmZ_ Z^OPO POWOVTST. 0?. d[O e_V_W_S q[i \[R[mbSI!P"E FUTURE PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. The letters will ,e sent tomorrow. 4. 5ou will ,e gi#en a good !resent for your ,irthday. 7. The machines will ,e ins!ected ,y the foreman. ;. 5ou will ,e shown all the !laces of interest in our town. <. " think you will ,e asked to hel! them. =. The 1o, will ,e ad#ertised in the morning !a!er tomorrow. ?. He ho!es he will ,e sent a #isa soon. A. The re!ort will ,e ty!ed in an hour. C. The !lan will ,e discussed at tomorrow's meeting. 0D. They will ,e informed a,out it today. 00. The work won't ,e finished soon. //. Respond using the prompts: e.g. . When are they going to !u,lish Mr White's ,ook- $ne>t month& . "t will ,e !u,lished ne>t month* " think. 0. When are they going to send the !arcel- $in the morning& 4. When are they going to ,ring our luggage- $in an hour& 7. When are they going to finish the work- $tomorrow& ;. When are they going to ,ook the tickets- $today& <. When are they going to !ack the luggage- $in the morning& =. When are they going to translate the te>t- $in two hours& ?. When are they going to !ost the letters- $on Jriday& A. When are they going to hold the meeting- $on Monday& C. When are they going to test the de#ice- $the day after to/ morrow& 0D. When are they going to discuss the !lan- $at 0D o'clock& ///. Answer the questions: e.g. . They won't in#ite Alec to the !arty. And 'ack. 'ack won't ,e in#ited either. 0. They won't take Helen to the cinema. And 6usan- 4. They won't send the !arcels today. And the letters- 7. They won't ,ring the records today. And the ta!erecorder- ;. They won't tell Bick a,out it. And his wife- <. They won't deli#er the letter today. And the telegram#$. As& questions: e.g. . Ro,ert will ,e taught 6!anish. $(lare& . Will (lare ,e taught 6!anish too303 M 0. 6te#e will ,e told a,out it. $Mary& 4. Bick will ,e sent an in#itation. $Mike& 7. Mr :lack will ,e met at the station. $Mr 6mith& ;. The article will ,e ty!ed today* $the letters& <. A school will ,e ,uilt in this area ne>t year* $a sho!& e.g. . The suitcases will ,e ,rought ,y the !orter* $when& . When will they ,e ,rought0. The meeting will ,e held in room 4D. $at what time& 4. The article will ,e translated ,y Mr Green* $when& 7. 6u!!er will ,e ser#ed soon* $where& ;. The documents will ,e signed ,y the ,oss* $when& <. He will ,e !aid a lot. $how much& =. The talks will ,e held in May. $where& ?. 6ome of your colleagues will ,e in#ited to the conference* $who& A. This article will ,e !u,lished soon* $where& $. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. LRZ eONRfi[ Z^OPO QO\[OeVTZ_kR[_Sm^O\[_n W ^RX_Z POVOQ_. 4. |T\mZO eOXSb[ RWTReOk[On- 7. dOPQR UiQi[ VR\\MSR[m UTS_[M ^R NO^_V[- ;. dOPQR eOQRQi[ OU_Q- <.

L NRNOZ fiV^RS_ UiQ_[ ^Re_kR[R^R q[R \[R[mh- =. ]^R \NRaRSR* k[O UTS_[M UiQi[ aRNRaR^M k_V_a ^_Q_Sb. ?. |_V_POWOVM \O\[Oh[\h W ON[hUV_. A. c QiZRb* k[O WRZ QRQi[ YOVOXTn ^OZ_V W q[On PO\[T^T_. C. c ^RQ_b\m* k[O VRUO[R UiQ_[ aRW_VX_^R W \VON. 0D. c iW_V_^* k[O _PO eVTPSR\h[ ^R NO^z_V_^Tb. 00. xQ_ UiQ_[ eVOWOQT[m\h \OUVR^T_- 04. ^[_V_\^O* NRNOn zTSmZ UiQ_[ Q_ZO^\[VTVOWR[m\h aRW[VR. 07. lONiZ_^[M UiQi[ eOQeT\R^M aRW[VR. 0;. n ^_ \NRfi[ OU q[OZ. Fluency /. Listen and reproduce the ollowing dialogues: 0. . What's the matter. "'#e 1ust fallen off my ,icycle. . )h* dear* is anything ,roken. "'m afraid the front wheel is ,uckled. 4. . What's the news. Michael is going to ,e sent to America to do research work. . When did you hear that. "t was announced yesterday. 7. . " en#y :ill. . Why. :ecause he'll ,e gi#en a scholarshi! ne>t year. . Well* he deser#es it. ;. Teacher: What do we get from shee!- :oy: Wool. Teacher: And what do we make from wool300 :oy: " don't know. Teacher: Well* what is your coat made of:oy: "t was made from father's old coat. <. Joreman: (ome on* man* hurry u!. Worker: Rome was not ,uilt in a day. Joreman: May ,e not* ,ut 0 wasn't foreman on that 1o,. =. Een: " like your radio. "s it newat: 5es* " ,ought it last week. "t's a :isonic. Een: :isonic- "'#e ne#er heard of it. Where was it made- at: "'m not sure. " think it was made in 'a!an. "'ll ha#e a look. 9o* "'m wrong. "t was made in Fngland. //. Listen to the ollowing texts. As& and answer questions. 0. At <.D< on 6aturday 0C th 'uly there was an accident at the 1unction of Fuston Road and 6t. ancras Road when a ,oy of 0= was knocked off his ,icycle ,y a deli#ery #an. 8uckily he was not seriously in1ured. atrick Eay* the 0=/year/old ,oy* was taken to 6t. ancras Hos!ital where he was treated for shock and a ,roken arm. The accident was witnessed ,y se#eral !eo!le and it was re!orted minutes later ,y the dri#er of the #an* Mr Ral!h Ri!ley* ;<* of Wim,ledon. :oth the youth and the dri#er of the #an were 2uestioned afterwards ,y the !olice* who took the names and addresses of three witnesses. 4. There was a terri,le storm during the night. A lot of damage was done. Trees and tele!hone wires were ,lown down* windows were smashed and a roof was ,lown off. A car was e#en o#erturned. All this ha!!ened last night. 7. An old man had many sons who were always 2uarrelling. )ne day the sons were called ,efore their father. A ,undle of sticks was gi#en to them and they were ordered to ,reak it. Fach of the sons tried with all his strength ,ut the ,undle could not ,e ,roken At last it was untied ,y the old man and each son was gi#en one stick. )f course* the sticks were ,roken easily. 3My sons3* said the old man* 3if you are together* li#e in friendshi! and hel! each other* you can always ,e strong and needn't ,e afraid of enemies3. ;. rogrammes for students studying Fnglish will ,e ,roadcast e#ery day. They will ,e !lanned for the whole term. They will ,e designed for those who ha#e recently ,egun to study Fnglish. The !rogrammes will ,e mainly ,ased on situations from students' life. 6ome of the !rogrammes will ,e gi#en in the form of dialogue. They say that

suggestions for further !rogrammes will ,e welcomed. 301 Self check /. !se the ver(s in the proper tense and voice: 0. )ur tourist grou! $arri#e& in Moscow in the morning. A ,us $take& us to the hotel 3Hkraina3. After ,reakfast and a short rest we $in#ite& for a sightseeing tour of Moscow. We $want& to see as much as !ossi,le as none of us $,e& in Moscow ,efore. We $show& and $tell& a lot of interesting things. :efore our tour $come& to an end we $learn& much a,out Moscow. 4. When are you going to !ost this !arcel- . "t $!ost& in an hour " think. 7. What language you $teach& when you $study& at the Hni#ersity- . Jrench. ;. Why they $not* come& to the !arty- . Well* " $not* know&. They $send& the in#itations a,out a week ago. <. When the tickets $,ook&-. "n a week. =. When " $reach& the ,uilding " $sto!& ,y a !oliceman who wanted to see my !ass. ?. 6tudents $allow& to use dictionaries at the e>am- . 9o* dictionaries $not* allow&. A. A new stadium $,uild& o!!osite our house last year. C. 5ou $look& for your glo#es- Ask the attendant* some glo#es $!ick& u! and $gi#e& to him a few minutes ago. 0D. The mother $tell& not to worry a,out her sick ,oy. 3He $e>amine& soon ,y the doctor. F#erything $,e& all right* "'m sure3* said the nurse. 00. " wonder whether Alice $in#ite& to the conference. Her re!ort is #ery interesting. 04. When e>aminations $hold&- . They $hold& at the end of e#ery term. 07. The old man $fall& down and $,reak& his leg. He $take& to hos!ital ,y a !assing motorist. 0;. " $wake& ,y the noise in the street. 0<. "'#e heard that Mr 6mith $not* write& his own s!eeches* they $write& ,y his secretary. 0=. These te>t,ooks $use& in all schools- . 9o. 0?. Where the 1ournals $kee!&- . "n the safe. 0A. Bon't worry. F#erything $do& in time. 0C. Brinks $not* ser#e& here after midnight. 4D. Who this article $write& ,y' 40. An interesting article $!u,lish& in the ne>t issue of the maga@ine. The author of the article $work& at it for a long time. 44. Ask the li,rarian a,out the new ,ooks which $recei#e& last week. 5ou $gi#e& all the necessary information. 47. He $ask& this 2uestion at the e>amination. He $gi#e& an e>cellent mark for his answer. 4;. This ,ook $discuss& at the ne>t meeting of our Fnglish clu,. A lot of students $take !art& in the discussion. 4<. Where $,e& the secretary- . 6he $call& to the ,oss a few minutes ago. 4=. Mr 6hort is a good lecturer. He always attenti#ely $listen& to. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. {iVT\[RZ eONRaRST jOUOV jWh[OPO |RWSR* OQ^O Ta NVR\TW_nXTY aQR^Tn ~O^QO^R. 4. `R\ eVTW_aST W RqVOeOV[ RW[OUi\OZ. 7 xQ_ \O\[Oh[\h e_V_POWOVM- // L _^_W_. ;. w[O[ VOZR^ UMS e_V_W_Q_^ ^R Vi\\NTn haMN QWR POQR ^RaRQ <. l_S_PRTb W\[V_/ 47< PTST ^R WONaRS_. =. Lk_VR _Zi eV_QSOfTST T^[_V_\^ib VRUO[i W ^Rik^O/ T\\S_QOWR[_Sm\NOZ T^\[T[i[_. ?. |VOnQT[_ N RQZT^T\[VR[OVi. LRZ QRQi[ NSbk O[ WRX_n NOZ^R[M. A. Lk_VR Z^_ eV_QSOfTST UTS_[ ^R q[O[ NO^_V[* ^O h O[NRaRS\h. C. dOPQR UiQ_[ QO\[RWS_^R [_S_PVRZZR- . p_V_a QWR kR\R. 0D. `R NRNOZ haMN_ POWOVh[ W gW\[VRSTT- . `R R^PSTn\NOZ. 00. dOPQR _Zi eOXSb[ WTai- 04. o^_ UMST QR^M W\_ ^_OUYOQTZM_ T^\[ViNTT. 07. ] ^_n YOVOXO O[aMWRb[\h. 0;. dRNT_ WOeVO\M UiQi[ OU\ifQR[m\h ^R NO^z_V_^TT- 0<. dOPQR UMS eONVRX_^ eOSPRESENT C#NTINU#US PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. The film is ,eing much talked a,out. 4. The road is still ,eing re!aired. 7. An office ,lock is ,eing ,uilt near our school. ;. 6ome ,uilding work is ,eing done in ark A#enue. <. A new machine is ,eing tested in the la,. =. This 2uestion is still ,eing discussed. ?. This material is still ,eing used* isn't it- A. Bo you know that your #oice is ,eing recorded- C. "s the floor in the sitting/room still ,eing !olished- 0D. The talks are still ,eing held. //. Respond to the ollowing: e.g. . Bon't enter the room. . Why- $!aint the floor& . The floor is ,eing !ainted there.

0. Bon't enter the work/sho!* $carry out an e>!eriment& 4. Bon't enter the assem,ly/hall* $hold a scientific conference& 7. Bon't ride this way. $widen the road& ;. Bon't enter the kitchen* $install a gas/sto#e& <. Bon't switch on the light* $fi> a lam!& =. 5ou can't take the ta!erecorder. $re!air& ?. Bon't go to the li,rary today* $remo#e the furniture& e.g. . What's going on in that room- $!ack the things& . The things are ,eing !acked there. 0. What's going on in the sitting/room- $lay the ta,le& 4. What's going on in the !ark$cut the grass& 7. What's going on in the la,oratory- $test a new de#ice& ;. What's going on in the* garage- $re!air the car& <. What's going on in the lecture hall- $discuss the !roduction !lan& =. What's going on in the office- $!olish the floor& e.g. . (an " ha#e a look at the letter- $ty!e& . "'m afraid you can't. "t is still ,eing ty!ed. 0. (an " take the documents- $sign& 4. (an " see the #isitors- $show round the !lant& 7. (an " take the ,ook- $read& ;. (an " use 47= the ta!erecorder- $re!air& <. (an " study here- $wash the floor& e.g. . Ha#e they settled the !ro,lem yet. 9o* it's still ,eing settled. 0. Ha#e they ,uilt the school yet- 4. Ha#e they written the article yet- 7. Ha#e they started the test yet- ;. Has he translated the te>t yet- <. Ha#e they re!aired the de#ice- =. Ha#e they !acked the suitcases- ?. Ha#e they cooked su!!er- e.g. . They are widening our road. . )h* our road is ,eing widened too. 0. They are re!ainting our ,ridge. 4. They are re!airing our road. 7. They are widening our !a#ements. ;. They are changing our house num,ers. <. They are re,uilding our town hall. =. They are re/o!ening our theatre. ?. They are closing down our local hos!ital. A. They are mo#ing our li,rary. C. They are re!lacing our street lights. 0D. They are making our street one/way. 00. They are restoring our old church. ///. As& your partner where the meeting is ,eing heldI what !ro,lems are ,eing discussed at the meetingI if the documents are still ,eing ty!edI what film is ,eing s!oken a,outI what te>ts are ,eing recordedI if the lam! is still ,eing fi>edI who is ,eing e>amined at the momentI what the student is ,eing asked a,out. #$. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: i. p[O eVOT\YOQT[ W PO\[T^On- . {RZ kT^h[ [_S_WTaOV. 4. L W_\[TUbS_ ^TNOPO ^_[. xO\[hZ eONRaMWRb[ T^\[T[i[. 7. oOPi ST h WaPSh^i[m ^R NO^[VOSm^ib VRUO[i- . `_[* __ _s_ e_kR[Rb[. ;. dOZ^R[R W U_\eOVhQN_. L_sT W\_ _s_ ieRNOWMWRb[. <. L ^RX_Z POVOQ_ \[VOT[\h ^OWMn \[RQTO^. =. LRX_ eV_QSOf_^T_ W\_ _s_ OU\ifQR_[\h. ?.}|Ok_Zi aQ_\m [RN YOSOQ^O- . yRS eVOW_[VTWRb[. A. `_ WYOQT[_ W q[i NOZ^R[i. {RZ NVR\h[ eOS. PAST C#NTINU#US PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. Huge ,locks of flats were ,eing ,uilt all last year. 4. When we came the !ool was ,eing filled with water. 7. " was told that my article was still ,eing ty!ed. ;. The car was ,eing re!aired the whole day yesterday. <. When " left the meeting the !ro,lem was still ,eing discussed. =. When " entered the hall the young s!ecialists were ,eing instructed what to do. ?. At = o'clock the floor was still ,eing !olished. 47? //. 1rans orm the sentences using the .assive $oice' e.g. . When " entered the hall they were holding a meeting there. When " entered the hall a meeting was ,eing held there 0. When " 1oined the #isitors the foreman was showing them round the machine sho!. 4. When " entered the room they were still discussing the article. 7. At < o'clock the !rofessor was still e>amining the students. ;. When we arri#ed in Eie# they were still ,uilding the underground. <. When "

left the la,oratory the were still testing the de#ice. ///. ,omplete the situations: e.g. 9one of the actors were free then* $rehearse the !lay& The !lay was ,eing rehearsed. 0. "t was #ery noisy u!stairs* $!olish the floor& 4. We couldn't enter the li,rary* $remo#e the furniture& 7. An a!!eti@ing smell was coming from the kitchen* $roast a goose& ;. The guests were u!stairs* $show the la,oratories& <. We didn't see the museum that time* $re!air the ,uilding& #$. /a&e complex sentences: e.g. enter the kitchen* cook my fa#ourite dish When " entered the kitchen my fa#ourite dish was ,eing cooked. 0. arri#e in Minsk* ,uild the Hnderground 4. switch on TG* show an interesting film 7. arri#e at the air!ort* see off the delegation ;. enter the ersonnel Be!artment* inter#iew a new economist <. lea#e the meeting* discuss the resolution $. Respond to the ollowing phrases using the .resent and .ast ,ontinuous .assive. e.g. What's going on in the yardTrees and ,ushes are ,eing !lanted there. The flowers are ,eing watered there* etc. 0. Where is the noise coming from- 4. We couldn't use the tele!hone. 7. Bon't enter the la,. ;. The ,oy looked !roud. <. The children were #ery e>cited. =. What is going on in the lecture hall- ?. (an " study hereA. Why did she look so worried- C. We can't use the ta!erecorder. 0D. " had to wait for half an hour. $#. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. ~_NTh UMSR Ok_^m T^[_V_\^On* T OVR[OVR \SiXRST \ UOSmXTZ W^TZR^T_Z. 4. dOPQR h W_V^iS\h W oT^\N* lWOV_ jeOV[R W\_ _s_ \[VOTS\h. 7. dOPQR WOX_S eVOz_\\OV rVRi^* OU\ifQRSO\m _PO eV_QSOf_^T_. ;. Lk_VR W < kR\OW e_V_QRWRST T^[_V_\^Mn 47A NO^_V[. <. dOPQR h eVT\O_QT^TS\h N PViee_ [iVT\[OW* TZ NRN VRa VR\\NRaMWRST OU T\[OVTT POVOQR. =. dOPQR h W_V^iS\h* ZOb \[R[mb W\_ _s_ e_kR[RST. ?. `R iST_ UMSO Z^OPO ^RVOQR. L\[V_kRST eVRWT[_Sm\[W_^^ib Q_S_PRTb. PRESENT PERFECT PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. Mary is !roud. Her work has ,een !raised. 4. .What's ha!!ened- . The window has ,een ,roken. 7. 'ane hasn't ,een told a,out it. ;. Many new ,uildings ha#e ,een ,uilt in our town lately. <. His re!ort has ,een much s!oken a,out. =. Bick is ha!!y. His dog has ,een found. ?. There isn't any food left. All of it has ,een eaten. A. " can't find my car anywhere. " think it has ,een stolen. C. The house looks 2uite new. "t has ,een !ainted. 0D. Ha#e those letters ,een ty!ed yet- 00. Ha#e you e#er ,een inter#iewed on tele#ision- 04. Today's !ost hasn't ,een ,rought u! yet* has it//. Respond to the ollowing: e.g. . 6hall " ty!e the letters for you. They'#e already ,een ty!ed. Thank you. 0. 6hall " hel! you unload the car- 4. 6hall " introduce you to him- 4. 6hall " show you Bick's drawings- 7. 6hall " translate the article for you- ;. 6hall " test the de#ice- <. 6hall " fi> the lam!- =. 6hall " re!air the car- =. 6hall " ,uy the ,ook for you-* e.g. . " think " ought to hel! you find your raincoat. . Bon't worry a,out it. "t has already ,een found. 0. " think " ought to hel! you wash the dishes. 4. " think we ought to !ost that letter to Br Ba#is. 7. " think " ought to gi#e him some money. ;. " think " ought to re!air the ty!ewriter. <. " think we ought to clear out the garage. =. " think " ought to clean the flat. e.g. . (an " see today's !a!er- $recei#e& . "'m afraid you can't. "t hasn't ,een recei#ed yet. 0. (an " read the telegram- $not to deli#er& 4. (an you gi#e me the ,ook- $not to ,ring&

7. (an " ha#e dinner- $not to cook& ;. (an " take the documents- $not to sign& <. (an " look through your re!ort- $not to finish& =. (an " use your !hone- $not to fi>& e.g. . Will you !lease send the documents. As a matter of fact they ha#e already ,een sent. 0. Will you !lease fi> the tent- 4. Will you inform them a,out the meeting- 7. Will you instruct him how to do it- ;. Will you re!air the TG set- <. Will you !lease iron the suit=. Will you !lease translate the letters47C e.g. . " think we must re!air our house. . )h* yes. "t hasn't ,een re!aired for years. 0. We must !aint the doors. 4. We must clean the windows. 7. We must wash the curtains. ;. We must change the wall !a!ers in the sitting/room. <. We must clear u! the dining/room ta,le. =. We must !olish the floor* e.g. . 8et's go to eter's ,irthday* $in#ite& . How can we- We ha#en't ,een in#ited. 0. 8et's look through today's news!a!ers* $not to deli#er& 4. 8et's listen to Te>t 0D. $not to record& 7. 8et's un!ack the luggage* $not to ,ring& ;. 8et's !lay the !iano* $not to tune& <. 8et's ha#e dinner* $not to cook& =. 8et's watch TG. $the TG set* not to re!air& e.g. . Why does 8ucy look so u!set. Bon't you know- 6he has ,een gi#en a ,ad mark. 0. Why hasn't your friend come- $send to Moscow& 4. Why doesn't Hncle George smoke any more- $ad#ise to gi#e u! smoking& 7. Why is it so cold in the room- $,reak the window& ;. Why does Bick look so !ale- $o!erate on& <. Why is the child crying$damage his new toy& =. Why is Mary so sad- $scold ,y the teacher& ///. As& i the ollowing actions have really ta&en place: e.g. . They say the document has ,een used. . Has it really ,een used0. They say the luggage has ,een marked. 4. They say the mail has ,een deli#ered. 7. They say the car has ,een !arked. ;. They say the letter has ,een signed. <. They say the ,ooks ha#e already ,een sold. #$. As& your secretary if the documents ha#e ,een ty!edI if they ha#e ,een !hoto/ co!iedI why the letters ha#en't ,een !osted yetI if the 1ournals ha#e ,een recei#edI how many co!ies ha#e ,een recei#edI if a ta,le at the restaurant has ,een reser#edI if all the !eo!le ha#e ,een in#ited. $. 5our mother is talking to you o#er the tele!hone. 6he's asking you not to forget: 0. to clear the ta,leI 4. to wash the dishesI 7. to swee! the floorI ;. to make the ,edI <. to air the roomI =. to !ut the ,ooks in orderI ?. to cook su!!er Tell her that all this has already ,een done. $#. Respond to the ollowing using the .resent .er ect .assive: e.g. . Where's my old um,rella. " am afraid it has ,een thrown away. 4;D $"t has ,een gi#en to the old man ne>t door* etc.& 0. Why don't you take !art in the conference- 4. Will you ,ook the tickets- 7. What has ,ecome of your ,icycle- ;. (an " work in the study- ;. Where's my grey suit- <. 6hall " fi> the lam!- =. " think we ought to tell him a,out it. =. The room looks untidy. ?. 5ou can't take the documents. A. Why doesn't he 1oin us- C. Where are the !a!ers- 0D. 6he looks u!set. 00. " think we must clean the windows. $##. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. |T\mZO _s_ ^_ O[eVRWTST. 4. yR QON[OVOZ if_ eO\SRST. 7. xRa_[M if_ eVT^_\ST. `_[ _s_. ;. LRX QOZ NOPQR/^TUiQm V_ZO^[TVOWRST- . lR* _PO V_ZO^[TVOWRST eh[m S_[ ^RaRQ. <. oOf^O Wah[m QONiZ_^[M- . rOb\m* k[O ^_[. Y _s_ ^_ O[e_kR[RST. =. riQm[_ O\[OVOf^M. lW_VT [OSmNO k[O eONVR\TST. ?. `T ^R Ok_^m QOWOSm^R. n eV_QSOfTST T^[_V_\^ib VRUO[i. A. {_S_PVRZZi [OSmNO k[O eOSikTST. ]^R ^R \[OS_. C. g^h i_afR_[ W [RSTb. n if_ eVT\SRST WTai. PAST PERFECT PASSI$E

Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. All the tickets had already ,een sold out ,y the time 'ohn and Mary arri#ed. 4. When " returned home my wife told me that all the things had already ,een !acked and they were ready to start. 7. The room had ,een !re!ared for the Hunts ,ut they didn't come. ;. " had a letter from my sister some days ago. 6he wrote she had ,een acce!ted to college. <. :y < o'clock the e>!eriment had already ,een com!leted. =. They reali@ed that the telegram hadn't ,een recei#ed. //. Respond to the ollowing using the prompts: e.g. 6he was angry* $lose the tickets& The tickets had ,een lost. 0. He came too late* $discuss the 2uestion& 4. 6he looked ha!!y* $!raise for good work& 7. He was sur!rised* $not* in#ite& ;. He was worried* $not* send a #isa& <. " had to wait a little* $not* sign the !a!ers& =. Mr 6mith was angry* $damage his car& ///. /a&e up sentences using the prompts: e.g. He returned to the city* $,uild the stadium& When he returned to the city the stadium had already ,een ,uilt. 0. 6he came to the "nstitute* $show the new film& 4. " got u!. 4;0 $cook ,reakfast& 7. 6he came home* $!ut the child to ,ed& ;. arri#ed at the air!ort* $announce the flight& <. He returned to the la,. $finish the test& =. 0 rang u! the secretary* $sign the documents& e.g. All the ,ooks were sold* $,y < o'clock& All the ,ooks had ,een sold ,y < o'clock. 0. He was not sent a #isa* $,y 'uly& 4. The letters were !osted $,y the e#ening& 7. The tests were checked* $,y the end of the lesson& ;. The articles were translated* $,y Jriday& <. The sink was fi>ed* $,y the time " returned home& =. The letters were ty!ed* $,y the end of the working day& e.g. F#erything has ,een arranged. $" didn't know& " didn't know e#erything had ,een arranged. 0. The article has ,een !u,lished. $" didn't know&. 4. The ,ooks ha#en't ,een deli#ered yet. $the li,rarian said& 7. The 1ournal was lost a few days ago. $we didn't know& ;. The contract has already ,een signed* $the ,oss said& <. The key was not found* $she told me& =. He was for,idden to dri#e the car. $we didn't know& ?. The ,icycle was ,roken. $" didn't know& A. The !icture was ,rought ,ack some days ago. $" learned& C. He has ,een told a,out it se#eral times* $she said& 0D. 'ane wasn't allowed to take !art in the e>!edition. $" knew& 00. F#erything was !re!ared for the !arty. $" thought& 04. The letters were !osted. $" was sure& 07. The te>t wasn't recorded. $" was told& 0;. The chief engineer was sent for. $the secretary said& 0<. The date of the conference has already ,een fi>ed* $they told me& #$. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. c UMSR Ok_^m VRQR* NOPQR ia^RSR* k[O ZO_PO \M^R eVTPSR\TST eVT^h[m ikR\[T_ W Z_fQi^RVOQ^On NO^z_V_^TT eO qS_N[VO^TN_ W _^_W_. 4. o^_ eVTXSO\m eOQOfQR[m. j_NV_[RVm \NRaRSR* k[O QONiZ_^[M _s_ ^_ eOQeT\R^M. 7 Lk_VR h W\[V_[TSR g^b. ]^R \NRaRSR* k[O _n eVT\SRST eO\MSNi* T O^R TQ_[ ^R eOk[i* k[OUM aRUVR[m __. ;. d W_k_Vi W\_ W_sT UMST ieRNOWR^M. <. oRS_^mNRh dR[h UMSR \kR\[STWR. n eOQRVTST NOVOUNi XONOSRQR =. ]^R UMSR VRaOkRVOWR^R. n ^_ eVT\SRST eVTPSRX_^T_ ^R W_k_V. ?. dOPQR h W_V^iS\h* \[R[mb if_ e_V_W_ST. FUTURE PERFECT PASSI$E Practice /. Listen and imitate: 0. The factory will ha#e ,een com!leted ,y the end of the month. 4. The car will ha#e ,een re!aired ,y 6aturday. 7. The work will 4;4 ha#e ,een tinished ,efore you come ,ack. ;. The documents will ha#e ,een ty!ed ,y the time the ,oss returns. //. ,hange the sentences into the *uture .er ect .assive: e.g. The office will ,e ,uilt in a few months* $,y 6e!tem,er& The office will ha#e ,een ,uilt ,y 6e!tem,er. 0. The tests will ,e checked in an hour* $,y the end of the lesson& 4.

The ,ook will ,e !u,lished soon* $,y the end of the year& 7. The suitcases will ,e !acked after dinner* $,y the time the ta>i comes& ;. The in#itation cards will ,e sent on 6unday* $,y 6unday& <. The tele!hone will ,e re!aired on Tuesday* $,y Tuesday& =. The work will ,e done tomorrow* $,y tomorrow& ?. The !a!ers will ,e signed at < o'clock* $,y < o'clock& A. The com!uter will ,e tested in a few days* $,y the end of the work day& C. The letters will ,e ty!ed today* $,efore you come ,ack& 0D. The !ro,lem will ,e dis/ cussed on Wednesday* $,y Wednesday& 00. The roof will ,e !ainted in the e#ening* $,y the e#ening& 04. F#erything will ,e arranged in time* $,efore he comes& 07. The news!a!ers will ,e deli#ered at C. $,y C& ///. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7. 0. RUO[R UiQ_[ aRNO^k_^R N NO^i Z_\hR. 4. |T\mZR UiQi[ ^Re_kR[R^M QO [OPO* NRN WM W_V^_[_\m. 7. d [OZi WV_Z_^T NRN WM W_V^_[_\m* qN\e_VTZ_^[ UiQ_[ aRW_VX_^. ;. |VTYOQT[_ W < kR\OW. d [OZi WV_Z_^T QONiZ_^[M UiQi[ eOQeT\R^M. <. L\_ eVTPSRX_/ ^Th UiQi[ VRaO\SR^M N NO^i ^_Q_ST. =. {_S_PVRZZR UiQ_[ QO\[RWS_^R N 00 kR\RZ. Fluency /. Listen to the ollowing texts. As& and answer questions on the texts: 0. We ha#e an old musical instrument "t is called a cla#ichord. "t was made in Germany in 0=A0. )ur cla#ichord is ke!t in the li#ing/room. "t has ,elonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was ,ought ,y my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged ,y a #isitor 6he tried to !lay 1a@@ on it+ 6he struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were ,roken. My father was shocked. 9ow we are not allowed to touch it. "t is ,eing re!aired ,y a friend of my father's. 4. There has ,een another rail crash in 6cotland. The crash occurred last night in free@ing fog outside Glasgow. Jour !eo!le were killed and at least ten !eo!le were in1ured. The railway lines ha#e not yet ,een cleared and a num,er of trains ha#e ,een delayed. 7. Hea#y snow has fallen in the 9orth of Fngland. Many roads 4;7 ha#e ,een ,locked arid traffic has ,een ,rought to a standstill )ne town* (astle!ool in 5orkshire* has ,een com!letely cut off 6u!!lies will ,e dro!!ed into the town ,y air this afternoon. ; The office of Mr Arthur Tigers* the !rominent industrialist* was ,roken into during the weekend. A small amount of money was taken and the office itself was left in what the cleaning woman descri,ed as 3a terri,le mess3. The ,urglary was disco#ered , cleaners early this morning. Mr Tigers is away on holiday in 6outh America and has not yet ,een located. <. Ted Ro,inson has ,een worried all the week. 8ast Tuesday he recei#ed a letter from the local !olice. "n the letter he was asked to call at the station. Ted wondered why he was wanted ,y the !olice* ,ut he went to the station yesterday and now he is not wor/ ried any more. At the station he was told ,y a smiling !oliceman that his ,icycle had ,een found. Ji#e days ago* the !oliceman told him* the ,icycle was !icked u! in a small #illage four hundred miles away. "t is now ,eing sent to his home ,y tram. Ted was most sur!rised when he heard the news. He was amused too* ,ecause he ne#er e>!ected the ,icycle to ,e found. "t was stolen twenty years ago when Ted was a ,oy of fifteen+ = The )lym!ic Games will ,e held in our country in four years' time. As many !eo!le will ,e #isiting the country* the go#ernment will ,e ,uilding new hotels* a large stadium* and a fine new swimming !ool. They will also ,e ,uilding new roads and a s!ecial railway/ line. The Games will ,e held 1ust outside the ca!ital and the whole area will ,e called 3)lym!ic (ity3. Workers will ha#e com!leted the new roads ,y the end of this year. :y the end of ne>t year they will ha#e finished work on the new stadium. The fine modern ,uildings ha#e ,een designed ,y Eurt Gunter. F#ery,ody will ,e watching an>iously as the new ,uildings go u!. We are all #ery e>cited and are looking forward to the )lym!ic Games ,ecause they ha#e ne#er ,een held ,efore in this country. ?. The whole #illage soon learnt that a large sum of money had ,een lost. 6am :enton*

the local ,utcher* had lost his wallet while taking his sa#ings to the !ost/office. 6am was sure that the wallet had ,een found ,y one of the #illagers* ,ut it was not returned to him. Three months !assed* and then one morning* 6am found his wallet outside his front door. "t had ,een wra!!ed u! in a news!a!er and it contained half the money he had lost* together with a note which said: 3A thief* yes* ,ut only <D !er cent a thief+3 Two months later* some money was sent to 6am with another note: 3)nly 4< !er cent a thief now+3 "n time* all 6am's money was !aid ,ack in this way. The last note said: 3" am 0DD !er cent honest now'3 A. An American in 8ondon was taken sightseeing ,y a guide and was shown many ,eautiful ,uildings. 3Bid it take you long to C;; ,uild that house-3 he asked when they were* !assing a hotel. 3A,out si> months3* said the guide. 3A ,uilding like that is ,uilt during a month in 9ew 5ork3* the American said. Then he was shown a new office ,uilding. 3Bid it take you long to ,uild that-3 he asked. 3A,out a month3* said the guide. 36uch a !lace can ,e ,uilt in a cou!le of days in 9ew 5ork3. 6ome minutes later they came to the Houses of arliament. 3That's not a ,ad !lace. When was it ,uilt-3 asked the American. 35ou may not ,elie#e me ,ut that ,uilding was not there when " crossed the street last night3* said the guide smiling. C. Buring a sea tri! on ,oard a steamer a young girl was courted ,y fi#e young men. The !oor thing was at a loss whom she should choose. 6he was ad#ised to 1um! o#er,oard and then marry the one who would 1um! in after her. The girl did as she was told. 9e>t morning when all the fi#e admirers were on deck she 1um!ed into the sea. 6he was immediately followed ,y four of the men. When the girl and her admirers were fished out of the water she found herself e#en more at a loss than ,efore. 3What should " do with these four wet men-3 she asked the ca!tain. 3Take the dry one3* was his ad#ice. This time again the girl did as she was told. //. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: Mr almer is looking for a new house. He's tired of li#ing in the city and he wants to li#e in a 2uiet #illage. He's with the estate agent now. Fstate Agent: Well* Mr almer. This is the house that " told you a,out... 9um,er 4=* Richmond Road The owners are away* ,ut "'#e got a key. Mr almer: Hmm... when was it ,uilt- Agent: "t was ,uilt in 0C<D. Mr almer: Who ,uilt itAgent: "'m not really sure "s it im!ortantMr almer: 9o* not really. "s that a new roof- "t looks ne# Agent: "t is nearly new. "t was !ut on last year. Agent: 5ou can see that it's in #ery good condition The !re#ious owner was a ,uilder. Mr almer: "t's 2uite an old house. "'m worried a,out the elecu'/ cal wiring. Has it ,een rewired- Agent: 5es* it has. Mr almer. )h* when was it done- Agent: Ji#e years ago. "t has also ,een redecorated. (entral heating has ,een !ut in* and a new garage has ,een ,uilt. 4;< Mr almerr )h* when was that doneAgent: 8ast year . " think. "t's a #ery solid house. "t's ,uilt of ,rick with a tiled roof... Mr almer: "t's a long way from a ,ig town. What are the ser#ices likeAgent: Hold on .. "'#e got the details here. 5es ..let me see.* the dust,ins are em!tied e#ery Thursday. Mr almer: "t's im!ortant for rne to see the !ost ,efore " go to work. When is it deli#eredAgent: "t's usually deli#ered at a,out ?.7D. The milk is de/ li#ered a,out si> o'clock . . so you'll ha#e fresh milk for ,reakfast. Mr almer: "t's certainly #ery chea!. "'#e seen a lot of similar houses... and they're

more e>!ensi#e. Agent: Ah* yes. . it's a real ,argain. Mr almer: Are there any !lans for the areaAgent: ardon- lans... well* a new school is going to ,e ,uilt in the #illage ne>t year .. Mr almer: Anything elseAgent: .. and a new road* a motorway actually* will ,e ,uilt ne>t year* too. 5ou'll ,e a,le to get to 8ondon easily. Mr almer: Where e>acth will the motorway ,e ,uiltAgent: Well* actually* it'll ,e ,uilt ,ehind the house. A ,ridge will ,e constructed o#er the house. "t'll ,e #ery interesting. 5ou'll ,e a,le to watch the traffic. Questions: What is Mr almer looking for- Who is he talking to at the moment- "s the house old or new- "s it in good condition' The house isn't #ery e>!ensi#e* is it- Why///. Listen to the conversation again and reproduce the phrases used in the .assive $oice. #$. 1ell a(out the house2 the services and the plans or the area $. Role-play the conversation. Self check /. !se the ver(s in the proper tense and voice: 0 Where $,e& the contract- . "t $ty!e& now. "t $,ring& in a few minutes. 4. When we returned the door already $lock&. 7. Trucks and tractors $!roduce& at this !lant. ;. 9ot a word $say& ,y the newcomer. <. 6usan is u!set. Her fa#ourite record $,reak& = The house $!aint& and looks 2uite new. ?. " want to call the !olice . Why- . :ecause my watch $steal&.. " ho!e it $find& 4;= soon. A. What's going on in the la,- . The results of the e>!eriment $discuss& there. C. The secretary told us that the documents $not* sign& yet. 0D. He looked #ery e>cited when " saw him.. 9o wonder* his de#ice $test&. 00. " 1ust $offer& a ticket for the cu! game. "'m sure it will ,e #ery interesting. 04. How much money you $send& yesterday-. 7DD !ounds. 07. Where the conference $hold&- . "n 8ondon..How long it $last&- .Jor a week.. 5ou $hear& any interesting re!orts- . uite a lot. 0;. This ty!ewriter is 2uite new. "t ne#er $use&. 0<. The school $,uild& ,y 6e!tem,er. 0=. The article $translate& ,y the time you return. 0?. 'ohn $li#e& in Manchester. His girl/friend Mary $study& Jrench in aris. 6he $stay& there for < weeks. The week ,efore last 'ohn $go& to aris to #isit his girl/friend. He $,e& ,ack in Manchester now. He 1ust $recei#e& this re!ly from her. Bear 'ohn* "t $,e& nice to see you last week. After you $go& " $feel& so lonely. " really $en1oy& seeing you again. Two days ago " $take& my final e>am and it $,e& !retty difficult. The !a!ers $mark& now. "f 0 $!ass& " $get& a certificate. " $,e a,le& to get a ,etter 1o,. 5ou $not* tell& me much a,out your new 1o, last time. 5ou $say& you $work& hard. 8ast night we $ha#e& a farewell !arty. We $go& to a new restaurant that $o!en& last month. F#eryone $,e& in high s!irits ,ecause the course $com!lete&. " $,e going& to miss all the new friends " $make& here. 6ee you ne>t week. " ho!e you $meet& me at the air!ort. All my lo#e* Mary //. 1ranslate into "nglish: 0. He U_\eONOn[_\m. yR WRXTZT Q_[mZT eVT\ZO[Vh[* _\ST WM W_V^_[_\m eOaQ^O. 4. iV^RSM if_ eVT^_\ST- . lR* TY eVT^_\ST QWR kR\R ^RaRQ. 7. dOPQR h eVTX_S* PO\[hZ eONRaMWRST SRUOVR[OVTT T^\[T[i[R. ;. d NO^i ^_Q_ST W\_ N^TPT UMST VR\eVOQR^M. <. `R\ OfTQRST W \V_Qi* R ZM eVT_YRST W eO^_Q_Sm^TN =. L q[OZ aRS_ eVOWOQh[\h \OUVR^Th. ?. dRNOn WOeVO\ OU\ifQRS\h* NOPQR [M eVTX_S- A. ]NOSO WONaRSR \[VOT[\h ^OWMn ZO\[. C. dRN [OSmNO QONiZ_^[M UiQi[ eOQeT\R^M* ZM O[OXS_Z TY W oO\NWi. 0D. |OS W q[On NOZ^R[_ ^TNOPQR ^_ NVR\TST. 00. c UiQi VRQ*

_\ST ZOh \[R[mh UiQ_[ ^Re_kR[R^R W WRX_Z fiV^RS_. 04. ]^ UMS QOWOS_^* [RN NRN _Zi eOOU_sRST eOZOsm. 07. dOPQR T PQ_ \O\[OT[\h NO^z_V_^Th- 0;. c UMS iW_V_^* k[O O^ ^_ eVTQ_[* eONR _PO ^_ eVTPSR\h[ 0< o^_ eV_QSOfTST UTS_[ ^R NO^_V[* ^O h O[NRaRS\h. 0=. j[iQ_^[RZ Z_QTT^\NTY T^\[T[i[OW eV_eOQRb[ SR[T^\NTn haMN. 0?. `RZ eONRaMWRST \SRnQM* NOPQR WOX_S Q_NR^. 4;? UNIT 1N T) "(: TRA$E""IN) 9& TRAIN TE'T( &#U RE!E!9ER !E4 #NET &#UD 6cene: the main hall of addington 6tation $one of the main 8ondon railway stations& "t was late at night* ,ut there were still a lot of !eo!le coming and going There was a noise of trains. A good/looking* fair/haired 6wiss girl of a,out twenty was sitting on her suitcase. Her chin was in her hands and she looked tired and de!ressed. 9odo,y s!oke to her* no,ody e#en looked at her. Another young woman went !ast. 6he noticed the fair girl 6he sto!!ed in sur!rise* turned round and looked again. 3Why* it's Ann* isn't it-3 The fair girl looked u!. At first she didn't recogni@e the other girl. 35ou remem,er me* don't you- "'m auline. We were at school together.3 Ann 1um!ed to her feet. 3)f course+ My dear auline+ "'m so glad to see you.3 3"'m glad " noticed you. :ut what are you doing here- " didn't know you were in Fngland.3 3" arri#ed from urich at one o'clock. " had lunch at Gictoria station. " think " took a long time o#er it. And now "'m alone in 8ondon. " don't know any,ody. And what a day "'#e had+ " must sit on this suitcase until tomorrow morning. "'m going to stay with some !eo!le called Jorest. They li#e miles and miles in the country. :ut "'#e missed the last train.3 3Missed the last train- Ha#e you really- That's ,ad luck. :ut how did you miss it- "t seems rather silly.3 3"t isn't far from Gictoria to addington* ,ut it took a long time to get there. " took a ta>i* ,ut still " arri#ed late. " ran into the station and shouted: 3Which is the four o'clock train for :rimstead- :ut the !orter thought " said 3:ristol+3 He !ut me in a train 1ust as it mo#ed away from the station. " was #ery !roud of catching the train at the last minute. " settled down in the com!artment. There was an old gentleman there* ,ut " was too shy to s!eak to him* 8ater he ga#e me a cigarette and we talked. We sto!!ed at a !lace called Reading and then went on. " thought the 1ourney was taking a long time. Then a man came to collect our tickets. He looked at mine and said: 3:rimstead- 5ou're in the wrong train* Miss.3 "t was terri,le " cried: 36to! the train+ " must get out+3 :ut the man said: 3We don't sto! until :ristol.3 At last we got there. " got out and ran like the wind with my suitcase to catch the ne>t train ,ack to 8ondon 4;A " crossed the lines . a lot of !orters shouted after me* ,ut " didn't sto!. The 8ondon train was 1ust lea#ing. "t was a slow train: it sto!!ed at e#ery station. When " got ,ack here* the last train to :rimstead had 1ust gone. "t's only a small town* you see.3 3:ut why are you sitting out here in this cold-3 3"t's too stuffy in the waiting/room.3 3 oor Ann+ (ome and s!end the night at my lodgings. My landlady will ,e !leased to see you.3 Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text and answer the questions: Where did auline meet Ann- Bid Ann recogni@e her at once- Why did Ann look so tired and de!ressed- How did it ha!!en that she got into the wrong train//. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. S+ecial ifficulties /. Respond using the prompts:

e.g. . :o, got another 1o,* " su!!ose* $old& . 9o* he was too old to get another 1o,. ..." su!!ose. 0. Tom went alone* $young& 4. eter got through the window* $fat& 7. George dro#e the car. $drunk& ;. Mary walked u!stairs* $weak& <. eter ate something* $ill& =. 'ames ,ought the house* $!oor& ?. Jrank understood* $stu!id& A. 'ack ,ecame a 1ockey* $small& C. The other dri#er listened to you. $e>cited& 0D. 6he wore your coat* $tall& //. /a&e up sentences using the word com(ination -to (e proud e.g. 6he/her son 6he is !roud of her son. 0. He / his wife. 4. The girl/her mother 7. The children/their !arents ;. Ba#id/his sister <. Ann/her daughter =. George/his ,rother e.g. Mr Green/work for this firm Mr Green is !roud of working for this firm. 0. :etty/ty!e without mistakes 4. Bick/ha#e a car 7. :ill/s!eak (hinese ;. He/li#e in this country <. Eate/swim so well =. aul/ earn so much money 4;C Te,t E,ercises /. As& ana answer questions on the text. ##. Spea& on Ann's adventure. ###. %id you ever have an experience li&e thatH Tell about it. Conversation Practice /. Listen to the conversations and learn them: 9ookin. Train Tickets . When does the 8ondon train lea#e* !lease. C.4<. latform 7. . What time does it reach 8ondon. 5ou should ,e there at 00.70* ,ut you may ,e a ,it late. . Bo " ha#e to change. 5es. 5ou change at 8ewes and Fast (roydon. 4. . Which train do " take for Gictoria* !lease. C.4A. . When does it get in. "t gets there at 00.7;. . Must 0 change. 9o* it's a through train. 7. . What time's the ne>t train to Gictoria* !lease. C.4=. latform ;. . When do we get there. "t's due at 00.7<* ,ut they're running late today. . "s it necessary to change. 5es. (hange at Fast (roydon. ;. . F>cuse me... . 5es. (an " hel! you. 5es* "'d like some information a,out trains* !lease. Where to. ...to 8ondon. . When. Tomorrow. . Morning or afternoon. "n the e#ening. A,out si> o'clock. . There's one at =.;D. . Thank you. <. . " want a ticket to :ern* !lease* second class. . 6ingle or return. Return* !lease. . 6i>ty/fi#e !ounds* !lease. Ji#e !ounds change* thank you. 4<D . (ould you tell me what time the ne>t train is-

. A o'clock* !latform 04. "f you hurry you'll 1ust catch it. . Thanks. //. Situation: 5ou want to go to Eie# in a week. 5ou !hone the railway ,ooking/office and in2uire a,out the time/ta,le and tickets. At the Railway 6tation 'ane: Hello* Mr :lake. We're are not late* are we' Mr :lake: Hello* 'ane. 9o* you're not late. " was a ,it earl# 'ane: When does the train lea#eMr :lake: "t lea#es at four twenty/se#en $;.4?&. "f we hurry* we'll ,e a,le to catch it. 'ane: "s it an e>!ressMr :lake: 9o* it's a sto!!ing train 'ane: 6hall " ,uy ihe tickets* Mr :lakeMr :lake: )h* yes* " forgot a,out them. There's the ,ooking/office. 'ane: Bo you know how much the fare isMr :lake/ 6e#enty/fi#e !ence $?< !& for a single ticket and one !ound fifty for a return :ut ask for a weekend return. That might ,e chea!er. And ask for a time/ta,le* too. 5ou'll need it on 6unday. 'ane: All right. "'ll meet you at the entrance to the !latform. Which !latform is ours- Mr :lake: latform si>teen. "'ll take your suitcase. Which one's yours'ane: That one's mine. Mr :lake: Hurry. The train lea#es at four twenty/se#en. $;.4?& 'ane: Jrom !latform si>teenMr :lake: 5es. Questions: When does the train lea#e- "s it an e>!ress or a sto!!ing train- Who is going to ,uy the tickets- What is the fare- Jrom what !latform does the train lea#e- Where do they agree to meet- Will Mr :lake hel! 'ane with her suitcase"istenin. "in-a )oes to "iver+ool 8inda found a seat in a com!artment that was full of middle/aged ,usinessmen. )ne of them offered to !ut her case on the rack for her. 6he !olitely told him she could do it herself. The man started talking to her after she had sat down. 6he tried to a#oid getting into a con#ersation ,ut it was im!ossi,le. He was one of those 4<0 ,oring ty!es that go on talking e#en if no,ody is interested. When she casually mentioned that she was going to 8i#er!ool in order to do a re!ort on the city* he ,egan telling her all a,out the !lace. 6e#eral hours went ,y. He talked and talked. 8inda hardly said anything. Jinally* the train got into 8i#er!ool. The man ke!t on talking until the #ery last minute. 8inda got u! to go. 'ust then he in#ited her to a !arty. He said he would introduce her to all his friends so that she could learn more a,out 8i#er!ool 8inda !olitely refused and hurried out of the com!artment 6he could still hear the man's #oice. He was talking to someone else in the com!artment and she ha!!ened to catch a few words. 39ice girl3* he was saying. 3:ut you know* she talked so much that " could hardly !ut in a word.3 Questions: Who else was in the com!artment- What did the man do when 8inda came in- What did 8inda try to a#oid- Why- Why was she going to 8i#er!ool- What ha!!ened when she mentioned this- What ha!!ened during the 1ourney- What ha!!ened 1ust after the train got into 8i#er!oolMark Twain in Jrance Mark Twain* the famous American writer* was tra#elling in Jrance. )nce he was going ,y train to Bi1on. That afternoon he was #ery tired and wanted to slee!. 6o he asked the conductor to wake him u! and !ut him off the train when they reached Bi1on. 3" shall !ro,a,ly !rotest*3 he said to the conductor* 3,ecause " am a hea#y slee!er* ,ut do not !ay any attention to that. ut me off the train anyway.3 A few minutes later Mark Twain went to slee!. 8ater* when he woke u!* it was night and the train was already in aris. He understood that the conductor had forgotten to wake

him u! in Bi1on. He was #ery angry. He ran u! to the conductor and ,egan to shout at him. 3" ha#e ne#er ,een so angry in my life3* he said. The conductor looked at him calmly. 35ou are not half so angry as the American whom " !ut off the train in Bi1on.3 Questions: Where was Mark Twain tra#elling once- What did he ask the conductor to doWhat did he warn the conductor a,out- When did Mark Twain wake u!- He was #ery angry* wasn't he- Why didn't the conductor !ut him off the train in Bi1onA Gacant 6eat "t was 6unday. The trains were crowded A man was looking for a seat in a carriage. 6uddenly he saw a #acant seat. :ut a small suitcase lay on that seat and a well/dressed gentleman was 4<4 sitting ne>t to it. 3"s this seat #acant-3 asked the man. 39o* it isn't. "t's my friend's seat. He will soon come. He has gone out to ,uy some cigarettes*3 the gentleman said. 3Well3* said the man. 3"'ll sit here till he comes.3 Ten minutes later the train started ,ut no,ody came. 35our friend is late3* said the man. 3He has missed his train ,ut he mustn't lose his suitcase.3 With these words he took the suitcase and threw it out of the window. The well/dressed gentleman got u! and tried to catch the suitcase. :ut it was too late. "t was his suitcase and he had taken a second seat for his own comfort. Questions: What was the man looking for- Bid he find a #acant seat- What did the well/ dressed gentleman say- What did the man decide to do- What ha!!ened when the train startedAt the 6tation 6te#e: " was waiting on the !latform for the :ristol train when a lady asked me if " knew the time of the ne>t train to )>ford. " often ha#e to go to )>ford myself* so " knew. A few minutes later a man wanted to know whether the train for :ristol had already left. " knew that it hadn't so of course " told him. The man in2uired why the train from :irmingham was late. " didn't know ,ut " told him it was usually ,ecause of the line re!airs. " couldn't understand why all these !eo!le were asking me 2uestions. Then " noticed that " was standing ne>t to a ,ig sign that said: 3"nformation.3 Questions: What train was 6te#e waiting for- What 2uestions was he asked- What did he answer- Why did !eo!le kee! asking him 2uestions6eeing off )ne e#ening three men came onto the !latform and asked the !orter: 3What time is the ne>t train to 8i#er!ool-3 The !orter said: 35ou ha#e 1ust missed one. :ut they go e#ery hour. The ne>t one is at 0D o'clock.3 3That's all right*3 they said* 3we'll go and ha#e a drink.3 They went to the refreshment room. A minute or two after 0D o'clock they came running and said to the !orter: 3Has the train gone3 35es3* he said* 3it went at ten o'clock as " told you. The ne>t is at ele#en o'clock.3 3That's all right.3 they said* 3we'll go and ha#e another drink.3 6o they went ,ack to the refreshment room. They missed the ele#en o'clock train in the same way* and the !orter said: 39ow the ne>t train is the last oneI if you miss that* you won't get to 8i#er!ool tonight.3 4<7 Twel#e o'clock came* and the last train was 1ust starting out when the three of them came out of the refreshment room running as fast as they could. Two of them got in a carriage 1ust as the train was lea#ing* ,ut the third one didn't run fast enough and the train went out lea#ing him ,ehind. He stood there looking at the train and laughing* as if to miss a train was the ,est 1oke in the world. The !orter went u! to him and said: 3" told you that this was the last train Why didn't you come earlier-3 The man couldn't answer ,ecause he was laughing. Then he said to the !orter: 3Bid you see those two men get into the train and lea#e me here-3 35es* " saw them.3 3Well* " was the one who was going to 8i#er!oolI they only came here to see me off+3 Questions: Why did the three men come to the station- How often did the trains to 8i#er!ool go- Where did the three men go to kill the time ,efore the 1ourney- Bid they catch the 0D o'clock train- What ha!!ened a few minutes after 00 o'clock- What time was the last train to 8i#er!ool- Bid the men catch it- Why was the third man laughing-

!y Uncle To* My uncle Tom worked on the railway. "t wasn't a ,ig station* it was a little !lace called 8owton (ross. )nly a,out two trains a day sto!!ed there* and Tom was station/master* chief !orter all in one. "n fact Tom did any work that came along. 8owton (ross was the !ride of his heartI the waiting/room was cleaned e#ery day ,y the chief cleaner $Tom&I the chairs were !olished ,y the chief !olisher $Tom&I and the tickets were sold and collected ,y the chief ticket/collector $Tom& . sometimes there were as many as four tickets a day and the money was counted e#ery e#ening ,y the chief clerk $Tom& That station was run well. Tom was #ery strict a,out rules. He knew what a !assenger was allowed to do and was not allowed to do. He was there for <D years and then he had to retire. There is no dou,t that Tom did his 1o, well* in all the <D years he ne#er missed a single day. 6o the railway com!any wanted to thank him for hi, 1o,. A man from the head office was asked to go to 8owton (ross to do it. Tom was thanked and was gi#en a small che2ue as a !resent He was #ery !leased* of course* ,ut he said to the man: 30 don't need the money. :ut can 0 ha#e something that will remind me of the ha!!y days 0 ha#e s!ent in 8owton (ross-3 The man asked him what he wanted. 3Well* sir* could the (om!any let me ha#e a !art of an old railway carriage- "t doesn't matter how old or ,roken it is " want to !ut it in my garden* and e#ery day " can go and sit in it.3 4<; A,out a week later a carriage was sent and was taken into Tom's garden. Tom worked at it* and it was cleaned and !ainted and !olished. 6oon we went to see Tom. "t was a ,ad day for a #isit. "t ,egan to rain as we got off the train* and ,y the time we got to Tom's house it was raining hard. We knocked ,ut there was no answer. Tom wasn't in the house. We thought he was in his carriage. 6ure enough* he was there* ,ut he was not sitting in his carriage* he was outside* on the ste! of the carriage smoking his !i!e. His head was co#ered with a sack. We asked him why he did not go inside the carriage. 3(an't you see*3 said Tom* 3the carriage they sent me was a non/smoker.3 Questions: Where did uncle Tom work- How many trains a day sto!!ed at the stationWhat kind of work did uncle Tom do- What did the (om!any do to thank Tom- What !resent did uncle Tom want to recei#e- What !resent was uncle Tom gi#en- Who came to see uncle Tom once- What was the weather like that day- Where did Tom's relati#es find him- What were they sur!rised at- Why didn't Tom go inside the carriageRea-in. At the Rail/ay Station "t's common knowledge that nowadays !eo!le tra#el a lot. They tra#el on ,usiness and for !leasure* a,out the country and a,road. Those who wish to tra#el ha#e at their dis!osal #arious means of trans!ort: e>!ress trains and ,ig shi!s* cars and 1et airliners. Although we all agree that the future ,elongs to the air trans!ort* the railway is still one of the most !o!ular means of communication. )f course* if !eo!le are short of time and ha#e to tra#el a long distance they usually tra#el ,y air. :ut if they ha#e time they !refer to go ,y train. With a train you ha#e s!eed* comfort and !leasure com,ined. Jrom the comforta,le corner seat of a carriage you ha#e a s!lendid #iew of the countryside. "f you are hungry you can ha#e a meal in the dining/car and if the 1ourney is long you can ha#e a comforta,le ,ed in a slee!er. A ,ig railway station is a #ery ,usy and interesting !lace. 8et's imagine that we are at one of them. There are a lot of !latforms at which trains come in and go out. A train is standing at one of the !latforms ready to lea#e. The !orters are #ery ,usy carrying luggage to the train or !ushing it on their trucks. )n another !latform a train has 1ust come in. 6ome !assengers are getting out* others are getting in. Those who ha/ 4<< #en't got their tickets in ad#ance are waiting in 2ueues at the ,ooking/office. At the ,ookstalls !eo!le are choosing ,ooks* maga@ines and news!a!ers for the 1ourney. At the cloak . room some !eo!le are lea#ing and taking their luggage. There are a lot of notices in a ,ig railway station. 5ou may see F9TRA9(F and F"T.

There is also a WA"T"9G/R))M where you can rela> until it is time to ,oard your train. "f you are hungry or thirsty you'll go to the RFJRF6HMF9T R))M. "f you don't know the num,er of the !latform from which your train lea#es* look for the notices ARR"GA86 and BF ARTHRF6. They will tell you the num,er of the !latform. When you arri#e in a large town you may lea#e your hea#y luggage at the station. "n this case you will look for the (8)AE R))M or 8FJT 8HGGAGF )JJ"(F. 5ou will also see the notice :))E"9G )JJ"(F. This is where you ,uy your ticket. "f you don't know the time or the !latform your train lea#es from you'll go to the "9H"R5 )JJ"(F or the "9J)RMAT")9 :HRFAH. Self check /. *ill in the gaps with prepositions where necessary: Mr Bo,son is fond ... tra#elling. He thinks there is nothing like tra#el ... ,oard... the train. 8ast week Mr Bo,son went ... Bu,lin ... ,usiness. He tra#elled... train. He arri#ed ... the station an hour ... the de!arture. ...his arri#al... the station he ,ought some news!a!ers and a maga@ine ... the newsagent's and went ... the waiting/room to wait... his train. He was reading a news!a!er when he heard the louds!eaker: 3Attention* !lease+ The train ... Bu,lin is lea#ing ... !latform ".3 Mr Bo,son !ut his news!a!er ... his ,riefcase* got u! and went ... his !latform. He found his carriage and ,oarded ... the train. He had a comforta,le night... the train and reached ... Bu,lin ... A a. m. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: . lOUVMn Q_^m+ . lOUVMn Q_^m. p_Z ZOPi UM[m eOS_a^R. \[m ST eO_aQR ^R oO\NWi \_POQ^h. lR* _\[m QWR ^Ok^MY eO_aQR. . dOPQR O^T O[eVRWShb[\h. L C T 00 kR\OW. . dOPQR eO_aQ* NO[OVMn O[eVRWSh_[\h W C kR\OW* eVTUMWR_[ W oO\NWi. L ? kR\OW i[VR. . w[O WV_Zh Z_^h i\[VRTWR_[. \[m ST UTS_[M ^R q[O[ eO_aQ. lR* _\[m ^_\NOSmNO UTS_[OW e_VWOPO NSR\\R. . o^_ eOW_aSO. Fluency /. Answer the questions: How often do you tra#el ,y train- Bo you en1oy tra#elling ,y train- Why/Why not- What do you like or dislike a,out large stations- When did you last tra#el ,y train- Where did you go- Bid you ,ook a ticket in ad#ance- How much did it cost- Bid you tra#el ,y an e>!ress or a sto!!ing train- 5ou didn't ha#e to change trains did you- What time did the train lea#e- When did you arri#e at the station- Bid you tra#el light or hea#y- What did you do after you ,oarded the train- Bid you ha#e a lower or an u!!er ,erth- Which ,erth do you !refer- How much did the ,edding cost- How did you s!end the time during the 1ourney- Bid you like the conductor- Was he/she #ery hel!ful- Bid you get off the train on your way to - When did the train arri#e in - How long did you stay in What was your 1ourney ,ack like//. Spea& on: a& your last 1ourney ,y train ,& the local railway station ///. %iscuss the ollowing: 0. A ,ig railway station is the ,est !lace to s!end a s!are hour. 4. There is nothing like tra#elling ,y train. #$. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. An Fnglish colleague of yours wants to go to Moscow to take !art in an e>hi,ition. `_/she asks you a,out trains to Moscow. 5ou'#e ,een to Moscow many times and gi#e him/her all the necessary information. 4. 5ou are on ,usiness in 8ondon. 6oon you are going to return to your nati#e country. 5ou !hone the railway/,ooking agency to in2uire a,out the time/ta,le and tickets. 7. 5ou are on ,oard the train Minsk/Moscow. There is an Fnglishman/Fnglishwoman in

your com!artment. "n an hour you are ,usy talking. $. 3rite a(out a )ourney (y train that impressed you greatly. 4<= 4<? UNIT 1; T) "(: TRA$E""IN) 9& AIR ()MMH9"(AT")9: INTR# UCTI#NS TE'T( AIR TRA$E" When tra#elling ,y air you ha#e to get to the air!ort early in order to check in a,out an hour ,efore your flight. "f you ha#e a lot of luggage* you can !ut it on a trolley and !ush it to the check/in desk where someone will check your ticket and weigh your luggage. "f you ha#e e>cess luggage* it can ,e e>!ensi#e. 5our hea#y luggage is !ut on a con#eyer ,elt and carried away. A light ,ag is classified as hand luggage and you can take it with you on the !lane. An immigration officer looks at your !ass!ort and a security guard checks your hand luggage ,efore you go into the de!arture lounge to wait till your flight is called. "f you want to* you can ,uy some chea! duty free goods here. Then you see on the de!artures ,oard or hear an announcement that you must ,oard your !lane. 5ou go through the de!arture gate* then there is sometimes a security check ,efore you actually enter the !lane When all he !assengers are on ,oard and when the ca!tain and his crew are ready in the cock!it* the !lane ,egins to ta>i to the end of the runway. Jinally* !ermission is recei#ed from the control tower and the !lane mo#es faster and faster in order to take off. Jlying is fun. " like ,eing in a ,ig airliner with the ca,in crew $stewards and stewardesses& looking after me. They walk u! and down the aisle ,ringing meals and drinksI and if the flight is going through some tur,ulence* they warn e#ery,ody that it might ,e a ,it ,um!y and ask us to fasten our seat/,elts. )n a long flight " like listening to music through the head!hones a#aila,le to all !assengers* and sometimes " ha#e a slee!. " en1oy it all so much that " ne#er want the !lane to land. Co*+rehension /. Listen to the text and answer the questions: Why do !assengers ha#e to come to the air!ort an hour ,efore the de!arture- What does a !assenger do if he/she has a lot of luggage- What do you ha#e to do if you ha#e e>cess luggage- Where do !assengers wait for their !lane- What ha!!ens when all the !assengers are on ,oard- Boes the writer like tra#elling ,y air- Why- How does he while away the time during the flight//. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. %o some exercises in the next section to remem(er them. 4<A S+ecial ifficulties /. Respond to the ollowing: e.g. A: He learnt to cook in aris. Were you sur!rised:: 9o. He went to aris to learn to cook* $slight stress on 3went3& or :: 9o. He went to aris in order to learn to cook* $slight stress on 3order3& He ... Were you sur!rised0. met :ill in Fdin,urgh 4. sold his !ictures in 8ondon 7. o!ened a ,ank account in 6wit@erland ;. !ainted a !ortrait in Rome <. learnt to fly in Australia =. !layed tennis in Jlorida ?. clim,ed mountains in Wales A. skied in 9orway C. watched the !enguins in the Antarctic 0D. di#ed for treasure in the Mediterranean 00. had an eye o!eration in Russia 04. ga#e a concert in Munich 07. studied 1udo in 'a!an 0;. wrote a ,ook in 6e#ille 0<. !hotogra!hed lions in Africa. e.g. A: " had a lo#ely time yesterday. " wrote letters all day. :: Bo you really en1oy writing letters- " had a lo#ely time yesterday. " ... all day. 0. washed windows 4. !eeled !otatoes 7. mended socks ;* ironed shirts <. !olished the sil#er =. !layed with the children ?. !ractised the !iano A. worked in the garden C. cooked 0D. ,aked 00. watched cricket e.g. A $in tones of sym!athy&: 5ou ha#e to make ,eds* " su!!ose. :: 5es* ,ut " like

making ,eds+ 5ou ha#e to ... 0 su!!ose. 0. do housework 4. li#e economically 7. sho! around ;. look after the children <. hel! them with their homework =. read to them ?. answer their 2uestions A. attend their school concerts C. gi#e children's !arties e.g. A: Bo you want to make a s!eech- :: 9o* " want you to make a s!eech. Bo you want to ... 0. lead the de!utation 4. recei#e the mayor 7. s!eak first ;. introduce the s!eakers <. sign the che2ue =. attend the conference ?. gi#e a talk A. make the arrangements C. fi> a date 0D. organi@e the rece!tion 00. o!en the cham!agne Te,t E,ercises / As& questions on the text. ##. Retell the text. 4<C ///. When did you last tra#el ,y air- Where did you fly- When did you come to the air!ort for registration- What was the registration like- Bid the !lane take off on timeBid you ha#e a good flight- How did you while away the time during the flight- How long did your flight last- When did the !lane land at Conversation Practice /. Listen to the conversations2 as& and answer questions2 role-play the conversations: 9ookin. Airline Tickets . " want to fly to Gene#a on or a,out the first. . "'ll 1ust see what there is. . " want to go economy and "'d !refer the morning. . 8ufthansa Jlight 8H 4D7 lea#es at C.4D. What time do " ha#e to ,e there. The coach lea#es for the air!ort at A.0<. 4. . "'d like to ,ook a flight to Munich for Monday the tenth. . "'ll ha#e a look in the time/ta,le for you. . "'ll need an economy class o!en return. . E8M ha#e got a B(/C lea#ing at C.4<. . What else ought " to know. The latest time of re!orting is A.7< at the air!ort. 7. . What flights are there from 8ondon to Gienna tomorrow. "f you'd like to take a seat* "'ll find out for you. . "'d like to tra#el first class* !lease. / :FA flight :F <D4 takes off from Heathrow at C.4< and flies direct. . What time ha#e " got to get there. 5ou'll ha#e to ,e at West 8ondon Air Terminal ,y A.0D at the latest. ;.. Are there any !lanes to urich on 6unday. "f you'll e>cuse me for a second* "'ll check. . :y the way* " don't want a night flight. . There's a !lane at C.4D. . When am " su!!osed to check in. 5ou must ,e at the air!ort ,efore A.7<. Situations: 0. 5ou'#e come to the ,ooking/office to ,ook a flight to Moscow. The clerk is ready to hel! you. 4. 5ou want to fly to 8ondon at the end of the month. 5ou are !honing the ,ooking/office to in2uire a,out the time/ta,le and tickets. 4=D Checkin. in 0. Mr Bo,son: (an " check here for the :ritish Airways flight to 9ew 5ork(lerk: 5es* sir. May " see your ticket and !ass!ortMr Bo,son: Here you are. (lerk: That's fine. (an you !ut your suitcase on the scales* !leaseMr Bo,son/ )f course. How much does it weigh(lerk: 47 kilos. "'m sorry* ,ut you'll ha#e to !ay e>cess

,aggage charge. Mr Bo,son: )h+ "t's only three kilos o#erweight. (lerk: 5es* sir ... that's t= ... Thank you. Would you like to go through to the de!arture loungeQuestions: Where is Mr Bo,son flying- What does the clerk ask him to do- How much does Mr Bo,son's luggage weigh- How much does he ha#e to !ay for the e>cess luggage4. Mr 9elson: "s this Mercury Airlines counter- (lerk: 5es* it is. May " hel! youMr 9elson: "'d like to check my reser#ation for today's flight to Me>ico (ity. (lerk: May " see your ticket and !ass!ortMr 9elson: "s e#eiything in order(lerk: 5es* it is. Where is your ,aggageMr 9elson: "t's o#er there. (lerk: Gery well. "t weighs e>actly thirty !ounds. Mr 9elson: Bo " get a ,aggage check(lerk: 5es* you do. Here it is. 9ow go to gate num,er se/ #en. 5our flight num,er is 74=. Mr 9elson: What time does the !lane lea#e(lerk: At ; 7D. Mr 9elson: F>cuse rne. "s this gate se#en)fficial: 5es* it is. We are ,oarding the !lane at any moment. Mr 9elson: Why+ "'m right on time+ Mr 9elson: May " take any seat6tewardess: 5es* any seat not marked 3reser#ed3. Mr 9elson: When do we take off6tewardess: "n a,out fi#e minutes 9o smoking* !lease. Mr 9elson: Miss+ Bo we land in Washington- Are we landing now6tewardess: 5es* we are. lease* fasten your ,elts. Here* let me hel! you. There+ Mr 9elson: Thank you. 4=0 6tewardess: 5ou are welcome. Well* here we are. Questions: What !lace does Mr 9elson want to check his reser#ation to- Are his ticket and !ass!ort in order- How much does his ,aggage weigh- What time does the !lane lea#e- What seat did the stewardess tell him to take- Where did they landSituation: 5ou are registering for the 0D o'clock flight to Washington at 6heremetye#o Air!ort. In the e+arture "oun.e $3:ritish Airways Jlight 0?C to 9ew 5ork is now ,oarding at Gate ;3& Mr Bo,son: F>cuse me... Woman: 5esMr Bo,son: " didn't hear that announcement. Which flight did they callWoman: Jlight 0?C to 9ew 5ork... are you going there- Mr Bo,son: 5es. Woman: 6o am "... Gate ; is this way... follow me+ Security Check )fficer: May " search you* sir- "t's 1ust a security check. Mr Bo,son: )f course. )fficer: Thank you. )h* what's this in your !ocketMr Bo,son: )h* yes... "'m sorry. "t's 1ust a metal com,. )ficcer: Hmm... May " see it* sirMr Bo,son: (ertainly. At the Custo*s )fficer: Are these two ,ags al+ you ha#e* sirMr Green: 5es* they are all " ha#e. )fficer: Ha#e you anything to declare-

Mr Green: " am sorry ,ut " don't know what " am allowed. )fficer: Will you read this notice carefully- ... Well* ha#e you got anything to declareMr Green: 5es* "'#e got some !resents. "'#e got a ,ottle of ,randy and some cigarettes. )fficer: Will you show them to meMr Green: 5es* here they are. )fficer: )h* yes* only a ,ottle of ,randy. 5ou are allowed that. 9ow these ,o>es of cigarettes. That's more than " can allow you free. "'m afraid you'll ha#e to !ay some duty on them. "'ll tell you how much in a moment. :ut first let me see rnside your ,ags. 4=4 Mr Green: Here they are. )fficer: Thank you* sir. F#erything's all right. 9othing is more dutia,le. Welcome to our country+ Mr Green: Thank you. Questions: How many ,ags has Mr Green got- Has he got anything to declare- What will he ha#e to do- 4. )fficer: )kay* ,ags on the ta,le* !lease... uh/huh. How long are you !lanning to stayTourist: Jour weeks. )fficer: Bo you ha#e anything to declareTourist: What)fficer: Alcohol* cigarettes* ... Tourist: 9o. )fficer: Any meat* fresh fruit* !lantsTourist: Hh* no. )fficer: )!en your suitcase* !lease. Any giftsTourist: F>cuse me)fficer: Are you ,ringing any gifts into the countryTourist: 9o* huh/uh. )fficer: Hh/huh. What's in the ,ottleTourist: Hh* hand lotion. )fficer: )kay* that'll ,e okay. Here's your form. Tourist: Hh* what should " do with it)fficer: 6ee that officer o#er there ,y the gate- He'll take it. Tourist: Thank you #ery much. Questions: What does the customs officer ask the tourist to do- What 2uestions does he ask- Boes the tourist ha#e anything to declare- How long is he going to stay in the countrySituation: 5ou are flying to Washington. At the moment you are going through the customs ins!ection. #n 9oar- the Plane 0. 3Good afternoon* ladies and gentlemen. (a!tain Gi,son and his crew welcome you a,oard :ritish Airways Jlight 0?A to 9ew 5ork. We're now flying at a height of 7D DDD feet. )ur s!eed is a!!ro>imately =DD miles an hour. We'll land in 9ew 5ork in fi#e and a half hours. The tem!erature in 9ew 5ork is now minus 7 (. "n a few minutes you'll ,e a,le to see the "rish (oast. )ur stewards and stewardesses will ser#e lunch in half an hour.3 Questions: Who welcomes the !assengers on ,oard the !lane- At what height and s!eed are they flying- When will the !lane land in 9ew 5ork- When will lunch ,e ser#ed4. 3Good morning* ladies and gentlemen. )n ,ehalf of (a!tain 6onnleitner and his crew " should like to welcome you a,oard this 4=7 6wissair B(/C aircraft. )ur flying time to Gene#a will ,e a!!ro>imately an hour and twenty minutes during which we shall ,e ser#ing you with light refreshments. lease !lace your light hand luggage in the o#erhead rack* o,ser#e the no smoking signs* fasten your seat ,elts and ensure that your seats are in the #ertical !osition for the take off. Jor your safety and comfort during the flight you are re2uested to read the safety instructions which you will find in front of your seat.3

38adies and gentlemen* may " ha#e your attention* !lease. "n a few minutes we shall ,e arri#ing at Gene#a air!ort. Will you !lease return to your seats* !lace them in the #ertical !osition* fasten your seat ,elts and o,ser#e the no smoking signs. lease* remain seated until the aircraft has come to a com!lete halt and remem,er to take all your hand luggage with you. We ho!e you ha#e had a !leasant flight and that we shall soon ha#e the !leasure of welcoming you a,oard again. Thank you.3 o/n to Earth 35our attention* !lease+ :ritish Airways regrets to announce the cancellation of Jlight :A <=; to 8ondon due to technical difficulties. Will all the !assengers now awaiting the de!arture of this flight !lease contact the :ritish Airways ground hostess at the informa/ tion desk in the transit lounge. Will !assengers who are ,ooked on this flight from Gene#a and are now waiting in the de!arture lounge* also go to the information desk in the transit area. A ground hostess is waiting ,y Gate 9o " to escort you. Thank you+3 SocialiOin. (Intro-uctions) a& How to a!!roach the !erson you are meeting: "t's $Mr :rown&* isn't it$Mr/Mrs/Miss 6mith&F>cuse me* are you $Mr Thom!son&,& How to re!ly: 5es* that's right. 5es5es* that's right. And you must ,e $Mr Williams&. c& How to introduce yourself: "'m $(harles :rown&. My name's $6ally Eent&. 4=; "'m so !leased to meet you. "'#e ,een looking forward to meeting you. "'m $Tom 6mith&. 6o glad to meet you. d& How to res!ond and re!ly to an introduction: How do you do. $formal& Hello* $less formal& e& How to introduce someone who is with you: May " introduce my girlfriend/,oyfriend* 'anet/'ames. And this is my wife/hus,and. Meet my ,usiness colleague* Tom Williams. /. Listen to the conversation2 as& and answer questions2 role-play the conversation: In the %all of the Air+ort 6imon: F>cuse me. Mr Gi,son: 5es6imon: "t's Gi,son* isn't itMr Gi,son: 5es* that's right. 6imon: 6o glad to meet you. "'m 6imon 6teel. How do you doMr Gi,son: How do you do- "t was nice of you to meet us. 6imon: "t's a !leasure. Mr Gi,son: And this is my wife 6ally. Mrs Gi,son: How do you do* Mr 6teel6imon: How do you do- Bid you ha#e a good flightMrs Gi,son: 5es* !retty good* thanks. :ut " must say " don't think "'ll e#er get used to flying. 6imon: Well* if you'd like to follow me* "'#e got a car waiting outside. Mr Gi,son: 5es* certainly. Thank you. 6imon: 9ow* let me hel! you with your ,ags* Mrs Gi,son. Mrs Gi,son: Thank you. They are a ,it hea#y. 6imon: Right. This way. "t's not #ery far. Questions: Who met the Gi,sons at the air!ort- How did Mrs Gi,son like the flight- What did 6imon offer her-

//. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5ou are in the foyer of the air!ort. 6uddenly you hear an announcement that your flight is delayed. Act out a con#ersation with an air!ort official. Jind out why there is a delay and how long you are going to wait. Ask what the airline is going to do a,out 4=< meals and hotel accomodation if the !lane is delayed for a long time. 4. 5ou are asked to meet 'onathan Williams* an American 1ournalist. 5ou'#e ne#er met him ,efore* you'#e only seen a !hotogra!h of his. The !lane has 1ust landed and you a!!roach someone who looks like Williams. :ut you address the wrong man. At last you notice him. 5ou introduce yourself and ask him a,out the 1ourney. 5ou'#e got a car waiting and take Mr Williams to the hotel. 8istening What a Way to 6tart a Holiday+ When Wilson got to the air!ort* his flight was already ,eing called o#er the louds!eakers. The day ,efore he had cancelled his ticket for a morning flight and had ,ooked an afternoon flight instead. He had to go to the reser#ations desk to collect his new ticket. He a!ologi@ed for ,eing late. The reser#ations clerk smiled and ,egan to look through the reser#ations in front of her. Then her smile disa!!eared and she ,egan to look worried. 35our ticket doesn't seem to ,e here*3 she said. 38et me check it with the com!uter.3 The com!uter clicked and whirred and lights ,egan to flash. 'ust then* his flight was called a second time. Wilson ,ecame #ery ner#ous. Jinally the girl looked u!. 3There's ,een a mistake. 5our new ticket was sent to you ,y !ost. That's why it isn't here*3 she said. "t took her only a short time to write out a new one. Wilson managed to catch the !lane 1ust ,efore it took off. 3What a way to start a holiday+3 he thought. Questions: What was ha!!ening when Wilson got to the air!ort- What had he done the day ,efore- Why did the clerk ,egin to look worried- What ha!!ened then- Why wasn't Wilson's ticket there- What ha!!ened at the endJirst Jlight Ji#e tourists walked slowly across the airfield where a #ery small aircraft was waiting for them. The !lane was used on local flights and had only two engines. The !assengers got into the !lane and sat down. 3Jasten your seat ,elts* !lease*3 the air hostess said. An old lady turned to the air hostess. 3 lease hel! me with the ,elt*3 she asked 3" ha#e ne#er ,een on an aero!lane ,efore and " feel rather ner#ous.3 4== 3Bon't worry*3 /the air hostess said kindly. 3These !lanes are the safest in the world 3 Then the hostess went round with a tray of sweets. 6he offered a sweet to each of the !assengers. 3Take one of these*3 she said to the old lady. 3"t will hel! you to swallow.3 6uddenly the !lane ,egan to shake and to rattle. "t mo#ed 2uickly down the runway and slowly clim,ed into the air. When the !lane was in the air* the hostess went to the old lady again. 3Bidn't the sweet hel! you to swallow-3 she asked. 39o* "'m afraid it didn't*3 the old lady answered. 3:ut it took my mind off the !lane. May " ha#e another one* !lease-3 Questions: How many tourists were going to tra#el- What did the air hostess tell the !assengers to do- Why couldn't the old lady fasten her seat ,elt- What did the hostess gi#e each !assenger- Why did the air hostess gi#e sweets to the !assengers- How did the sweet hel! the ladyA 6muggler 6am 8ewis was a customs officer. He used to work in a small ,order town. "t wasn't a ,usy town and there wasn't much work. The road was usually #ery 2uiet and there weren't many tra#ellers. "t wasn't a #ery interesting 1o,* ,ut 6am liked an easy life. A,out once a week he used to meet an old man. His name was Bra!er. He always used to arri#e at the ,order early in the morning in a ,ig truck. The truck was always em!ty. After a while 6am ,ecame sus!icious. He often used to search the truck ,ut he ne#er found anything. )ne day he asked Bra!er a,out his 1o,. Bra!er laughed and said: 3"'m

a smuggler.3 8ast year 6am retired. He s!ent his sa#ings on an e>!ensi#e holiday. He flew to :ermuda and stayed in a lu>ury hotel. )ne day he was sitting ,y the !ool and o!!osite him he saw Bra!er drinking cham!agne. 6am walked o#er to him. 6am: Hello* there+ Bra!er: Hi+ 6am: Bo you remem,er me- Bra!er: 5es... of course " do. 5ou're a customs officer. 6am: " used to ,e* ,ut "'m not any more. " retired last month. " often used to search your truck... Bra!er: :ut you ne#er found anything. 6am: 9o* " didn't. (an " ask you something- Bra!er: )f course you can. 6am: Were you a smuggler- Bra!er: )f course " was. 6am: :ut... the truck was always em!ty. What were you smuggling4=? Bra!er: Trucks+ Questions: What was 6am's 1o,- Where did he work- Was his* 1o, interesting- Who did he use to meet once a week- Why did 6am ,ecome sus!icious- What did he ask Bra!er one day- What did 6am do last year- Where did he s!end his holiday- Who did he meet at the hotel- What did he learnRea-in. 9ut &ou Sai-((( Marion: Good afternoon. Tra#el Agent: Good afternoon* madam. Marion: "'m interested in the holiday in 6aint (uth,ert. Agent: Ah* yes... the (ari,,ean+ " can recommend it highly. Marion: (an you tell me a little more a,out itAgent: )f course* madam. "t's an e>cellent !ackage holiday. 5ou'll tra#el on a scheduled flight. 5ou'll ,e met at the air!ort and taken to your hotel. 5ou won't ha#e to !ay air!ort ta>es. They are included in the !rice. The hotel is #ery near the ,each* and it's got a swimming !ool and a discothe2ue. "t's a #ery modern hotel* it was ,uilt last year. The restaurant's su!er,* and drinks are #ery chea! in 6aint (uth,ert. )h* and you can walk to the sea in two minutes. Marion: Hmm... it sounds good. "'d like to make a reser#ation. Agent: )ne moment* madam and "'ll get you a ,ooking form. Marion !aid a de!osit and ,ooked the holiday. Two months later she was in 6aint (uth,ert. :ut she was disa!!ointed. When she returned to Fngland* she went to see the tra#el agent. Agent: Ah+ "t's Miss Ward. Bid you ha#e a good holidayMarion: 9o* " certainly did not ha#e a good holiday. Agent: )h* "'m #ery sorry to hear that. What was wrongMarion: Well* when " arri#ed in 6aint (uth,ert* " had to s!end four hours at the air!ort... you said that we would ,e met* and we weren't. 5ou also said we would ,e taken to the hotel. We weren't and the ta>i cost a,out t04. 5ou told me that air!ort ta>es were included. "n fact " had to !a t0D. Agent: )h* dear... you had a #ery ,ad start. :ut the hotel was nice* wasn't itMarion: 9o* it was not+ 5ou said it was #ery modern. 5ou were 2uite right. They hadn't finished ,uilding it+ We couldn't slee! ,ecause the workmen were working all night. . on 4=A our ,alcony+ 5ou said it had got a swimming !ool. "t had... ,ut it was em!ty. And the restaurant. . the restaurant ser#ed fish e#ery night. Agent: )h* dear .. Marion: 5ou said that the hotel was near the ,each* and that we could walk to the sea in two minutes. Agent: (ouldn't youMarion: Well* yes... we could... ,ut there was an oil refinery ,etween the hotel and the ,each* and it took half an hour to walk round it. Agent: )h* "'m really terri,ly sorry. We really didn't know... "'m afraid we're una,le to gi#e you a refund* ,ut we can gi#e you a ten !er cent discount on ne>t year's holiday... .

Marion: 9e>t year+ 9e>t year "'m staying in Fngland+ Self check /. !se the proper tense orms: 5esterday afternoon " $go& to the air!ort to meet ierre who . $come& to aris to s!end a few days with me. " $arri#e& at the air!ort at two o'clock* $go& to a waiting room and $sit& down. When it $announce& that the !lane $,e& an hour late* " $decide& to go for a walk. " $1ust* walk& away from the ,uilding* when " $see& an old friend coming towards me. We $talk& for a moment* then $go& to the ,ar* where we $ha#e& a few drinks. 6uddenly " $remem,er& ierre. We $rush& to the information desk. " $tell& that the !lane from aris $arri#e& ;D minutes earlier. " $hurry& out of the ,uilding* $get& into my car and $dri#e& away 2uickly. When " $arri#e& home " $find& ierre sitting on his suitcase outside my front door. //. 1ranslate into "nglish: . lOUVO_ i[VO+ jNRfT[_* eOfRSin\[R* _\[m ST V_n\ ^R ~O^QO^ 4< ON[hUVh. lR* _\[m QWR V_n\R .i[VOZ T W_k_VOZ. . dOPQR i[V_^^Tn V_n\. L = kR\OW i[VR. . `_[* q[O \STXNOZ VR^O. Z_^h UiQ_[ U_\\O^^Rh ^Okm* _\ST h eOS_ki q[TZ \RZOS_[OZ. dOPQR W_k_V^Tn V_n\. L A kR\OW W_k_VR. . dOPQR \RZOS_[ eVTUMWR_[ W ~O^QO^. L 0D kR\OW. . . w[O WV_Zh Z_^h i\[VRTWR_[. \[m ST UTS_[M ^R q[O[ V_n\. lR* _\[m ^_\NOSmNO UTS_[OW e_VWOPO NSR\\R. . |OfRSin\[R* OQT^ UTS_[ [iQR T OUVR[^O. c WOaWVRsRb\m 7D ON[hUVh. Fluency /. Answer the questions: Bo you like tra#elling ,y air- Why/Why not- "s there an air!ort in your nati#e city/town"s it far from the city/town- How can you get there- How long does it take you to get there- What is the air!ort like- What do you like or dislike a,out it- When do !assengers ha#e to arri#e at the air!ort for registration- What is registration like- How much luggage can a !assenger take without e>tra !ay- Who informs !assengers a,out flightsAre flights often cancelled in this country- (an you say why- "s there a security check ,efore you ,oard the !lane- Who takes you on ,oard the !lane- What are the duties of a stewardess- When are !assengers re2uested to fasten their seat ,elts- Bo they ser#e meals on ,oard the !lane- (an !assengers smoke during the flight- Bo you get airsick when on a !laneWhen did you last tra#el ,y !lane- Where did you fly- How did you get to the air!ortWhen did registration ,egin- What was it like- Bid you ha#e e>cess luggage- Was your flight cancelled- What did you do after you had registered your ticket and luggage- Was your 1ourney !leasant- When did your !lane land in - What did you do on your arri#al in Ha#e you e#er tra#elled a,road- Where/When- What is the !rocedure of going through immigration and customs- Bid you ha#e any dutia,le articles- Bid you declare themBid the customs officials e>amine your luggage- Bid you en1oy your tri!- Why/ Why not- How long did your tri! last//. Spea& on: a& your last flight ,& your tri! to a foreign country c& the local air!ort d& your e>!erience of ,ooking a flight ///. 1ravelling (y train and travelling (y air. 1heir advantages and disadvantages. %iscuss. #$. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5our friend has 1ust returned from his/her tri! a,road. Ask him/her a,out the 1ourney and the usual routine at the customs.

4. 5ou are on ,oard a TH/07; to Behli. The stewardess is ready to answer your 2uestions a,out the flight. 7. 5ou are in Washington on ,usiness for your firm. 5ou want to go to 9ew 5ork to take !art in an e>hi,ition there. 5ou'#e 1ust come to the ,ooking agency to ,ook a train ticket* ,ut there are no 4?D train tickets a#aila,le. 5ou don't like flying ,ut you'll ha#e to tra#el ,y !lane. There is a morning and a late flight to 9ew 5ork. 3riting #. Report the in ormation rom the letter: )ne morning Mrs Morrison recei#ed a letter from her sister who li#es in Mel,ourne* in Australia* telling her a,out !lans to #isit Fngland: My dear Ma,el* 'ust a short note to tell you that " ha#e decided to come o#er to Fngland to s!end a few weeks in the old country. "t will ,e mar#ellous to see you and little Margaret again. $" su!!ose she must ,e really grown u! now+& My !lans/are as follows: "'m taking a flight from 6ydney on 9o#em,er 4Dth. "t's the night flight on Thursday e#ening and "'m flying with Air "ndia. " don't know the e>act time of arri#al at 8ondon air!ort ,ut "'ll send you a telegram as soon as " find out. " ha#e arranged to stay at the Royal Tower Hotel which is in Enights,ridge* near Harrods. " really am looking forward to seeing you ,oth. 8o#e* Alice. //. 3rite a similar letter. 4#. 3rite a(out an air trip you en)oyed. "I N IT 1P C#!!UNICATI#NG A $ICE )RA!!ARG RE"ATI$E C"AUSES a& How to gi#e ad#ice: Why don't you " think you should you'd ,etter you ought to go to the seaside. ,& How to acce!t a !iece of ad#ice: that sounds a good idea 5es* "'ll do that. "'ll certainly try that. Thank you. All right. 5es* certainly. Gery well. 4?0 /. Listen to the dialogues and learn them: 0.. "'#e lost my !ass!ort. . 5ou ought to re!ort it to the !olice immediately. 4. . The last train goes in fi#e minutes. " think you'd ,etter hurry u!. . "'ll do that. 7. . "'#e got an awful toothache. . 5ou'd ,etter go and see the dentist. ;. . "'m taking my e>ams soon. . 5ou must work hard to !ass them. <. . " often o#erslee! in the morning. . Why don't you ,uy an alarm clock. "'ll certainly do that. =. . 6te#e* you are too fat. 5ou really should watch your weight. 5ou shouldn't drink so much ,eer. . " know " shouldn't* ,ut " like it. . Well* then* you should get more e>ercise. . 5es* " know* ,ut " ne#er ha#e time. ?. . 5our car has a ,ad engine. Why don't you ,uy a new car-

. "'ll certainly do that. A. . " feel seasick. . erha!s you'd ,etter go straight down to the ca,in and lie down. 5ou are not a #ery good sailor. . That's right. C. . "'m afraid "'m getting o#erweight. . Why don't you go in for s!orts- "t will do you good. . That sounds a good idea. Thank you. 0D. . 5our eyes are infected. 5ou ought to consult a s!ecialist. . "'ll do that. 00. . "'m ha#ing my holidays in a week. . Why don't you go to the seaside. "'ll certainly try that. 04. . " ha#e so many things to do tomorrow and " ha#e an a!!ointment for < o'clock. . " think you'd ,etter cancel the a!!ointment. . All right. 07. . "'m going to stay at the Ramada Hotel. . 5ou'd ,etter ,ook accomodation well in ad#ance. //. Respond to the statements giving advice. !se: a& 5ou'd ,etter... e.g. . " ha#e a terri,le headache* $take an as!irin& . 5ou'd ,etter take an as!irin. 0. " ha#en't enough literature for my re!ort* $go to the li,rary& 4. )ur seats are far from the stage* $take o!era/glasses& 7. " think 4?4 "'#e lost my way. $ask a !oliceman& ;. "'m going to fly there* $go ,y train& <. "t is #ery cold today* $stay at home& =. "'m going to send her a letter* $a telegram& ,& 5ou should... e.g. . There's something wrong with my TG set. $take it to the re!air sho!& . 5ou should take it to the re!air sho!. 0. The suit fits you !erfectly* $,uy& 4. The ,ook is #ery interesting* $read& 7. The film is e>citing* $see& ;. " don't know how to lose weight* $eat less& <. "'m afraid " might ,e late* $take a ta>i& =. This dictionary is #ery good* $,uy& c& 5ou ought to... e.g. 6he is so ,usy now. $hel!& 5ou ought to hel! her. 0. The doctor ad#ised me to rest in the country* $follow his ad#ice& 4. The traffic is hea#y here* $cross the street carefully& 7. 6he looks tired. $she* ha#e a rest& ;. " dou,t the results of the e>!eriment* $check them again& <. " don't know how to get there* $find out at the in2uiry office& =. He is your uncle* $in#ite& d& Why don't you... e.g. . " can't re!air my car. $ask 'ames to do it& . Why don't you ask 'ames to do it0. " don't like my !resent 1o,. $change& 4. "'m in lo#e with Monica* $marry her& 7. My car has ,een stolen* $re!ort it to the !olice& ;. This dress looks smart* $,uy& <. There's an interesting e>hi,ition at the alace of 6!orts* $go& =. Jishing is e>citing* $try& ///. Advise your riend to 6not to7: work harderI worry lessI go to ,ed so lateI s!end so much moneyI take things easyI go in for s!ortsI gi#e u! smokingI see the foot,all matchI consult the doctorI ha#e a restI get more e>erciseI ,uy a car 5our friend will acce!t your ad#ice. #$. 1ranslate into "nglish 6sel chec&7: 0. . c ^_ \QRS qNaRZ_^ eO R^PSTn\NOZi haMNi. . c QiZRb [_U_ \S_Qi_[ UOSmX_ VRUO[R[m. . lR* NO^_k^O. 4. . Z_^h Ok_^m [hf_SMn k_ZOQR^.

. {_U_ \S_Qi_[ O\[RWT[m _PO W NRZ_V_ YVR^_^Th. . c [RN T \Q_SRb. 7. . c eOeVRWShb\m. o^_ q[O ^_ ^VRWT[\h. . |Ok_Zi UM [_U_ ^_ aR^h[m\h \eOV[OZ. jeR\TUO. OVOXRh ZM\Sm. ;. . c YOki \_aQT[m W rV_\[ ^R WMYOQ^M_. 4?7 . {_U_ \S_Qi_[ aRNRaR[m UTS_[ aRVR^__. . jeR\TUO. c [RN T \Q_SRb. <. . ~ikX_ UM [M e_V_W_SR q[O[ [_N\[ aRW[VR i[VOZ. j_nkR\ if_ eOaQ^O. . c YOki aRNO^kT[m _PO \_POQ^h. =. . {_U_ ^_ \S_Qi_[ [VR[T[m \[OSmNO WV_Z_^T ^R k[_^T_. {M UM SikX_ eVOWOQTSR UOSmX_ WV_Z_^T ^R WOaQiY_. . {M eVRWR. ?. . c \OUTVRb\m eOaWO^T[m OU_V[i aRW[VR. . |Ok_Zi UM [_U_ ^_ eOaWO^T[m \_POQ^h. PO ^_ UiQ_[ QOZR. ]^ \NRaRS* k[O i_afR_[ W NOZR^QTVOWNi ^R eRVi Q^_n T W_V^_[\h [OSmNO aRW[VR. A. . {M QOSf_^ eOZOkm g^_ eO ZR[_ZR[TN_. . lR* NO^_k^O. C. . |Ok_Zi UM WRZ ^_ NieT[m QOZTN i ZOVh. oM NRN VRa \OUTVR_Z\h \Q_SR[m q[O. 0D. . {M Ok_^m US_Q^R. {_U_ \S_Qi_[ eVONO^\iSm[TVOWR[m\h \ WVRkOZ. . c OUhaR[_Sm^O \Q_SRb q[O. $. Listen to the conversations2 read and learn them: 0. Tom: What's the matter* 'enny- 5ou look worried. 'enny: 5es... "'m trying to lose weight. Tom: )h* you don't need to lose weight. 'enny: )h* " do+ "'#e 1ust ,ought some new 1eans and " can't get them on. They are too tight. Tom: Well* you should go on a diet. 'enny: " know* ,ut what kind of diet- Tom: 5ou should eat lots of salad and fruit. 'enny: 5es* ,ut " don't like salad... " !refer meat. Tom: Well* you can eat meat* ,ut you shouldn't eat too much 5ou shouldn't eat ,read or !otatoes* either. 'enny: What a,out alcohol- (an " drink wine- Tom: )h* no* you should ne#er drink alcohol. 4. Wendy: Hello* (harles... you look tired today. (harles: 5es* "'m working too hard. Wendy: 5ou should take a holiday. (harles: 5es* " know " should... ,ut we're 1ust too ,usy. "'m working twel#e hours a day. Wendy: Twel#e hours+ 5ou're going to kill yourself+ (harles: Well* what can " doWendy: erha!s you should change your 1o,. (harles: " can't... " need the money+ 7. Ma>: What's the matter* eter- 5ou don't look #ery ha!!y. eter: "'m not. "'m worried a,out my Fnglish. 4?; Ma>: What's the !ro,lemeter: "'m not !ractising enough. Ma>: Why noteter: Well* it's difficult to meet Fnglish !eo!le. Ma>: 5ou should go out more. eter: Where should " goMa>: 5ou should go to !u,s* you should 1oin a clu,. eter: :ut Fnglish !eo!le ne#er s!eak to me. Ma>: Ah+ 5ou should s!eak first. eter: What can " talk a,outMa>: The weather+ Fnglish !eo!le are always interested in the weather+ ;. Ba#id: 5ou look rather tired this morning* Jather. What's the

matter- Aren't you feeling well- Jather: 9ot #ery well* "'m tired. " sle!t ,adly last night. "'#e ,een suffering from insomnia lalely. Ba#id: "'m #ery sorry* Jather. 5ou ought to go and see a doctor. Jather: " consulted the doctor two weeks ago and he !rescri,ed me some ta,lets. :ut they don't seem to do me any good. Ba#id: " think you should go in for s!orts. Why don't you try 1ogging- "t's so !o!ular these days. Jather: That sounds a good idea. "'#e thought a,out it myself. " ho!e it works. $#. Act out the ollowing situations: 0. 5our friend wants to lose weight. Tell him/her what he/she should do. 4. 6omeone wants to learn your language. Tell him/her what he/she should do. 7. A friend of yours asks you for ad#ice. `_/she doesn't like his/her 1o,I is short of moneyI doesn't like the !lace where he/she li#es. Ad#ise your friend. $##. Read the conversation and say what 4arry should or shouldn't do according to Steve: Harry: " don't feel #ery well. 6te#e: Well* "'m not sur!rised. 5ou don't get enough slee!. 5ou always go to ,ed late. And you are working too hard. Harry: 5es* you're right. "'m always tired these days. " think " need a holiday. 6te#e: 5es* that's !ro,a,ly a good idea. And you also smoke too much+ Harry: 5es* that's true. 6te#e: 5ou don't get enough fresh air. 5ou stay indoors all the time 3N2
RF8AT"GF (8AH6F6

Illustrative Situations /. Study these example situations: 0. That $or which&* su,1ect* for things: This is the !lane that took me to 6wit@erland These are two of the steamers that take !eo!le round the lake. 4. That $or which&* su,1ect* for animals: This is the dog that ,it him. This is the kitten that was found yesterday 7. Who $or that&* su,1ect* for !ersons: That's the man who lo#es 'ane. A man who dri#es a car when he is tired may ,e a dangerous dri#er. Accidents sometimes ha!!en to !eo!le who are usually careful. ;. That $or which&* o,1ect* for things or animals: Here are some of the things $that& you may hear in a 8ondon ,us. These are the ,ooks $that& " ,orrowed from Mr :rown. <. That $or whom&* o,1ect* for !ersons: The man $that* whom& you saw in my office was Mr Green "s she the woman $that* whom& we met yesterday=. That $or which&* !re!ositional o,1ect* for things: This is the hotel $that& " stayed in. This is the hotel in which " stayed. That's the hut $that& we sle!t in. ?. That $or whom&* !re!ositional o,1ect* for !ersons: The man $that& 0 lent my dictionary to hasn't ,rought it ,ack. The man to whom " lent rny dictionary hasn't ,rought it ,ack. Who was the woman $that& you were talking to when " saw you yesterdayWho was the woman to whom you were talking when " saw you yesterdayA. Whose* !ossessi#e* for !ersons: Those are the !eo!le whose house " stayed at. That is the man whose daughter 'ohn is going to marry. // Listen to the conversations and learn them. At a arty 6te#e: 8ook* that's the man who knows 'eff well. His

name's (ar#er. 'ill: And who is the woman who is talking to Mary6te#e: 0 think she's the woman who works in Mary's office. r_ careful* 'ill. Bon't sit on that chair. "t's the one that's wet. " s!ilt ,eer on it+ "'m going to ha#e some of that food now. 1iH/ Bon't eat too much. Those are all things which will make you fat. 6te#e: :ut " like food that makes me fat. At a 9ooksho+ (ustomer: " ,ought two e>!ensi#e dictionaries here half an hour ago* ,ut " forgot to take them with me. Manager: Who ser#ed you* sir(ustomer: The lady who is standing ,ehind the counter. Manager: Bid you ser#e this gentleman half an hour ago* Miss Ro,erts- He says he's the man who ,ought these ,ooks. Miss Ro,erts: " can't remem,er* sir. The man whom " ser#ed was wearing a hat. Manager: Ha#e you got a hat* sir- (ustomer: 5es* " ha#e. Manager: Would you !ut it on* !lease- (ustomer: All right. Manager: "s this the man that you ser#ed. Miss Ro,erts- Miss Ro,erts: 5es* sir. " recogni@e him now. 9ack fro* Australia :ill: 8ook* :o,. This is a !hotogra!h " took during my tri! to Australia. :o,: 8et me see it* :ill. This is a good !hotogra!h. Who are these !eo!le:ill: They're'!eo!le " met during the tri!. That's the shi! we tra#elled on. :o,: What a ,eautiful shi!+ Who is this:ill: That's the man " told you a,out. Remem,er:o,: Ah yes. The one who offered you a 1o, in Australia. :ill: That's right. :o,: Who's this:ill: Guess+ :o,: "t's not you* is it:ill: That's right. " grew a ,eard during the tri! ,ut " sha#ed it off when " came home. :o,: Why did you sha#e it off:ill: My wife didn't like it+ 4?? Practice /. Eoin the sentences. !se -who-2 -whom- or -which-: e.g. 6he is the girl. 6he met me yesterday. 6he is the girl who met me yesterday. e.g. 6he is the girl " met her yesterday. 6he is the girl whom 0 met yesterday. e.g. This is the ,ook. " ,ought it yesterday. This is the ,ook which " ,ought yesterday. 0. This is the car. The mechanic re!aired it yesterday. 4. He's the man. " in#ited him to the !arty. 6.These are the things. " ,oughi them yesterday. ;. He's the man. He came here last week. <. He is the !oliceman. He caught the thie#es. =. 6he is the nurse. 6he looked after me. ?. "'m the !erson. " wrote to you. A. They are the !eo!le. " saw them yesterday. C. They are the trees. We cut them down yesterday. //. Eoin the sentences. !se -that-: e.g. That's the doctor. He ga#e me the ta,lets. That's the doctor that ga#e me the ta,lets* e.g. That's the car. "t won the race. That's the car that won the race. 0. That's the man. He stole my car. 4. That's the foot,all clu,. "t won e#ery game last year. 7. That's the school. "t has the ,est re!utation. ;. That's the factory. "t makes good cameras. <. That's the sho!. "t sells foreign ,ooks. =. That is the girl. 6he told me a,out you. ?. That's the teacher. He is going to gi#e the lesson. A. That is the word. "t sounds unnatural. ///. Eoin these sentences together:

e.g. 6he is the girl. " met her yesterday. 6he is the girl " met yesterday* e.g. This is the ,ook. " ,ought it yesterday. This is the ,ook " ,ought yesterday* e.g. This is the shi!. " tra#elled on it. This is the shi! " tra#elled on. 0. 6he is the woman. " dro#e her to 8ondon. 4. That's the film. " saw it. 7. That's the man. " s!oke to him. ;. They are the thie#es. The !olice caught them. <. These are the letters. " ty!ed them. =. These are the !eo!le. 5ou asked me a,out them. ?. These are the shoes. The ,oy took them off. A. This is the man. " ser#ed him. C. That's the house. He's going to ,uy it. 0D. That is the girl. " danced with her. 00. That's the ,ook. 6he's ,een reading it. 04. That is the man. " lo#e him. 07. That's the !lane. " flew in ft. 0;. There's the house. We used to li#e in it. 0<. There's the ,ridge. We crossed it. 0=. This is the man. " want to see him. 0?. This is 3N; the girl. 0 want to marry her./0A#/This is the word. " don't know it. 0C. That's the thing. " don't understand it. 4D. That's the school. " study at it. #$2 /a&e progressive su(stitutions: e.g. That's the man that makes chocolate. who% That's the man who makes chocolate. 0D. the sho! that 00. the man that 04. who 07. gi#es money away 0;. the organisation that 0<. hel!s old !eo!le 0. sells chocolate 4. the sho! that 7. ,uys old ,ooks ;. the student that <. who =. the teacher who ?. has a good re!utation A. the firm that C. re!airs radios $. Answer the questions: e.g. There is 'udy. 6he works in the newsagent's. There is Ruth. 6he works in an office. Which girl is 'udy- 6he is the girl who works in the newsagent's. 0. There is my car. "t is outside the garage. There is :o,'s car. "t is outside the theatre. Which car is :o,'s car4. There is Tom. He is always hungry. There is :o,. He does not talk much. Which man is :o,7. There is 'ohn's house. "t has a lot of windows. There is at's house. "t has four floors. Which house is 'ohn's house;. There is our hotel. "t looks e>!ensi#e. There is the Hunts' hotel. "t has se#enty/fi#e ,edrooms. Which hotel is your hotel<. There is Guy's coat. "t is on the chair. There's Mike's coat. "t seems old. Which coat is Guy's coat=. There is 6ue. 6he is coming out of the sho!. There is 'udy. 6he is going into the sho!. Which girl is 'udy?. There is Mum. 6he is talking to the waiter. There is Aunt Ann. 6he is drinking a glass of water. Which woman is Aunt AnnA. There are 6imon's foot,all ,oots. They are under the ta,le. 4?C There are eter's foot,all ,oots. They are on the chair. Which foot,all ,oots are eter's$#. .ut a relative pronoun -who-2 -whom-2 -which- or -that- into these sentences 6i necessary7: 0. The only games ... " !lay are foot,all and tennis. 4. We don't know the man... li#es here. 7. He is the only student...understands Fnglish well. ;. Ha#e you sent the ,ook ...

" left on this ta,let <. The !oliceman is looking for the man ... left his car in the street. =. " ga#e him the ,ook ... " was reading. ?. This is the hotel at ... we are staying. A. "s this the money ... you lost- C. The car. he is dri#ing is not his. 0D. This is the man... we saw at the station yesterday. 00. Those... ha#e finished their work may go home. 04. This is the horse... won the race. 07. He is the sort of !erson... e#ery,ody admires. 0;. This is the !lane ... took me to a ris. 0<. Mr West !ut the ,ag ... he was carrying on the ta,le 0=. The ta,le ... he !ut the ,ag on was near the door. 0?. :oth the letters... came this morning are ,ills. 0A. That's the music* .is !o!ular. 0C. That is the city ... " was ,orn in. 4D. This is the island ... was ,ought ,y a millionaire. 40. This is the hotel ... was ,uilt last year. 44. The ,ook... you lent me is not #ery interesting 47. The flowers... " lo#e ,est are roses. 4;. The man ... you met yesterday is an actor. Fluency /. Listen to the conversation -4olidays in SwitKerland- and answer the questions: George: Good e#ening* Mary. "'m glad to see you. (ome in. Mary: Hullo* George+ " ha#en't seen you for se#eral weeks. 5ou'#e ,een away from home* ha#en't youGeorge: "'#e ,een in 6wit@erland. " got ,ack yesterday. Mary: " ho!e you had a good holiday. Bid you en1oy yourselfGeorge: Gery much. 6hall " show you some of my !hotogra!hsMary: )h* do* !lease. " like looking at !hotogra!hs. George: Here they are. This is the !lane that took me to 6wit@erland. Mary: )h* you went ,y air* did you- Bo you like flyingGeorge: 5es* " like flying. " think it's much ,etter than going ,y rail and steamer. The air/liners of :ritish Furo!ean Airways are #ery comforta,le. They'#e carried millions of !assengers 2uite safely. And of course flying is much 2uicker. Here's another !hotogra!h. Mary: That's you* isn't it- Who's the girl at your sideGeorge: That is a girl who was with me in the !lane. We ,ecame 4AD 2uite friendly and s!ent a lot of time together. Mary: And who is the girl in this !hotogra!h- George: 6he is a girl who was staying at my hotel in "nterlaken. " ,ecame 2uite friendly with her* too. Mary: Well* here's another girl+ That's three+ Who's this girl- George: 6he's a girl who went u! se#eral mountains with me. 6he was staying at my hotel too. 6he's #ery fond of clim,ing* so we often went clim,ing together. Mary: 5ou like the girls and the girls like you. What's this"t's a train* isn't it- George: 5es* that's a train on the railway that goes u! the 'ungfrau. Mary: 5ou said you went clim,ing+ Bid you go u! the 'ungfrau ,y train- That isn't clim,ing. George: The railway doesn't go to the to!+ We clim,ed from the end of the railway. Mary: Here's a !hotogra!h of a steamer. George: That's a lake steamer. "t takes !assengers round one of the two lakes at "nterlaken. "nterlaken is ,etween the two lakes. Mary: That's what the name "nterlaken means* isn't it- Who are these three men- George: The man on the left is an "talian who has clim,ed most of the mountains in the 6wiss Al!s. The man in the middle is a Jrenchman who has done a lot of clim,ing in the yrenees. The third man* on the right* is a 6wiss guide. He's the man who took us u! se#eral mountains. 5ou must ha#e a good guide in the Al!s. "t is dangerous to clim, alone. Mary: And what's this- George: That's one of the mountain huts we sle!t in when we were doing a two/day clim,. Mary: And this- "t's a hotel* isn't it- George: 5es* that's the hotel " stayed in while " was in Gene#a for a few days.

Mary: That's a !retty little #illage. George: "sn't it- "t's a !lace where " stayed for two days after my longest clim,. " was #ery tired. Mary: And who are these !eo!leGeorge: They're the !eo!le at whose house " stayed in the #illage. Mary: Well* you certainly had a good holiday. George: 5es* " en1oyed e#ery minute of it. " ho!e " shall ,e a,le to go again ne>t summer. Questions: Where did George s!end his holidays- Bid he ha#e a good time- What did he do during his holidays4A0 //. Listen to the conversation again and pic& out the relative clauses. ###. Role play the conversation. #$. Situation: 5ou'#e 1ust returned from your holidays. 5ou had a #ery good time. At the moment you are s!eaking to your friend a,out your holidays and showing him/her your !hotogra!hs. $. Listen to the texts descri(ing pictures2 learn the texts and descri(e your own pictures in the same way. 0. 9ick )wen is a guide for :ritannia tours. 6ome new tourists ha#e 1ust arri#ed in F>mouth. He's showing them around the town. 3"'m sure you'll en1oy your stay here. There's the ,each that's the safest for swimmers. The other ,eaches aren't as good. And that's the sho! that sells !icnic lunches. )#er there's the sho! that sells sou#enirs. "'ll meet you ,ack here at four o'clock. 4. aul's showing Angela some holiday !hotos. 38ook... this is the hotel " stayed in... and here's the restaurant " used to go to. " used to eat there e#ery day. This is the ,each we used to lie on. "t was a mar#ellous holiday.3 7. Anne's 1ust had an accident. 6he's telling a !oliceman a,out it. 3The car in front of me sto!!ed suddenly. " managed to sto!* ,ut the #an ,ehind me didn't. "t hit my car and !ushed it into the car in front. There's my car. There's the #an that hit my car. And that's the car my car hit.3 ;. aul's showing Angela an old school !hoto. 3The headmaster's in the middle. He's the one that taught us 8atin. His lessons were #ery ,oring. The fat one on the left is Mr :unter. He's the one that used to hit us with a cane. Mr (herry's on the right. He's the one that taught us Jrench ... and foot,all. 0 was ne#er ,ored at his lessons.3 <. This is a !icture of Ronald Rigg. He's the man the !olice arrested yesterday. He's standing ne>t to . (. Martin. Martin's the !oliceman that caught him. $# Listen to the conversation -A ,ourt ,ase-2 read and role-play the conversation: A few months ago there was a ,ank ro,,ery in 6tanford The !olice arrested a man and a woman. They're in court now A woman saw the ro,,ery. 6he's standing in the witness ,o>. The 1udge and the twel#e mem,ers of the 1ury are listening to her A lawyer is asking her some 2uestions. 8awyer: 9ow* Miss Be>ter. 5ou saw the ,ank ro,,ery* didn't you4A4 Miss Be>ter: 5es* " did. 8awyer: 5ou saw a man* didn't youMiss Be>ter: That's right. " saw him when he went into the ,ank and when he came out. 8awyer: 9ow* look around the court... can you see that manMiss Be>ter: 5es'. He's the man " saw. 8awyer: He wasn't alone when he went into the ,ank* was heMiss Be>ter: 9o* he was with a woman. 8awyer: 9ow* look around the court again... can you see that womanMiss Be>ter: 5es* there+ 6he's the woman + saw. 8awyer: " see* Miss Be>ter. 9ow look at the man and woman

again. This is #ery im!ortant. Are you a,solutely sure a,out themMiss Be>ter: A,solutely sure. They're the !eo!le " saw. 8awyer: 9ow* Miss Be>ter. What was the man wearing when he went into the ,ank- Miss Be>ter: " don't remem,er e#erything ... ,ut " remem,er his hat and his ,ag. 8awyer: 8ook at the hat on the ta,le. "s that the hatMiss Be>ter: 5es* that's the hat he was wearing. 8awyer: ... and the ,agMiss Be>ter: 5es* that's the ,ag he was carrying. 8awyer: Bo you remem,er anything a,out the womanMiss Be>ter: 5es. 6he was wearing a ,londe wig and ,lack !latform shoes. 8awyer: How do you know it was a wig* Miss Be>terMiss Be>ter: :ecause it fell off when she was running to the car. 8awyer: 8ook at the wig on the ta,le. "s that the wig.Miss Be>ter: 5es* that's the wig she was wearing. .8awyer: ... and the shoes... look at the shoes. " Miss Be>ter: 5es* they're the shoes she was wearing. 8awyer: Thank you* Miss Be>ter. 6elf check /. 1ranslate into "nglish: ". w[O QOZ* W NO[OVOZ h fTWi. 4. w[O NOSmO* NO[OVO_ O^ Z^_ eOQRVTS. 7. oRXT^R* NO[OVRh UMSR ^RnQ_^R Wk_VR* eVT^RQS_fT[ __ UVR[i. ;. LRai* NO[OVRh aQ_\m \[OhSR* Wk_VR VRaUTST. <. oifkT^R* \ NO[OVMZ O^R VRaPOWRVTWR_[* ZOn ^RkRSm^TN. =. l_WiXNR* NO[OVRh eVT^_\SR [_S_PVRZZi* WMPShQ_SR Ok_^m i\[RSOn. ?. w[O PO\[T^TR* NO[OVRh UMSR eO\[VO_^R W eVOXSOZ POQi. A. p_SOW_N* O NO[OVOZ WM POWOVT[_* ^RYOQT[\h W \O\_Q^_n NOZ^R[_. C. LO[ [O[ \[iQ_^[* NO[OVOPO ZM WTQ_ST Wk_VR W [_R[V_. 0D. d^TPR* NO[O/ 4A7 Vib h kT[Rb* Ok_^m T^[_V_\^Rh. 00. Lk_VR h W\[V_[TS \[RVOPO XNOSm^OPO eVTh[_Sh* NO[OVOPO h \VRai ia^RS 04. ]^ \RZMn T^[_V_\^Mn k_SOW_N* NO[OVOPO Z^_ NOPQR/STUO eVTYOQTSO\m W\[V_kR[m. 07. w[O W_sm* NO[OVRh Z^_ ^if^R. 0;. L ^RX_Z ikV_fQ_^TT _\[m Z^OPO SbQ_n* NO[OVM_ YOVOXO POWOVh[ eO/R^PSTn\NT. 0<. j[iQ_^[* kmb [_[VRQm h WRZ eONRaRS* ikT[\h Ok_^m YOVOXO. 0=. xQ_ eT\mZO* NO[OVO_ h QRS [_U_ eOkT[R[m0?. ]^ eOQ^hS \W_V[ON* NO[OVMn O^R iVO^TSR. A. LO[ Q_^mPT* NO[OVM_ WM eO[_VhST. 0C. w[O POVOQ* W NO[OVOZ h VOQTS\h. 4D. w[O k_SOW_N* NO[OVMn eOZOP Z^_. 40. w[O ^OWO\[m* NO[OVRh W\_Y iQTWTSR 44. d[O [R Q_WiXNR* ^R NO[OVib [M \ZO[VTXm- 47. w[O XNOSR* W NO[OVOn h ikTSR\m. QRSTU Q VWXYZ[\[U]^ UN IT I F>ercise "* !. 0A 0. " ha#e doneI 4. The delegation has already arri#ed... we ha#en't s!okenI 7. " read... " ha#en't readI ;. Ha#e you madeI " ha#en't madeI <. 6he has goneI =. Ha#e you e#er ,eenI " ha#e ,eenI ?. " ha#e !layed ... the summer ,eganI A. We ha#en't seen... we sawI C. He has hadI He has ,rokenI 0D. Ha#e you finishedI " ha#e 1ust ,egunI 00. ha#e you ,roughtI 04. Ha#e you e#er foundI " ha#en'tI 07. Has Mr West soldI he hasI He soldI Has he mo#ed. F>ercise ""* !. 0C 0. Ha#e you e#er !layed chess with Gictor- Boes he !lay chess well- . " don't know. " ha#e ne#er !layed chess with him. 4. How is Ann- " ha#en't seen her lately.. 6he is fine* thank you.. And how is your son- Has he finished school- . 5es* he is a student already. 7. " must !ack the suitcase.. Bon't worry* " ha#e already !acked it. ;. My ne!hew is only <* ,ut he has already learnt to read well. <. Ha#e you e#er ,een to Fngland- . 5es* " was there two years ago. =. What hs ha!!ened- . " ha#e ,roken my fa#ourite cu!. ?. We ha#e ,ought a new TG set. " like it #ery much. A. 9ina is #ery u!set. 6he hasn't !assed her e>am. C. Will 9ick come to the !arty- . 9o* he has gone away on ,usiness. 0D. 6hall we watch TG tonight- . " ha#en't re!aired it yet. 00. Ha#e

you signed the documents- . 5es* you may take them. F>ercise "* !. 4< 0. Ha#e you heardI He has ,rokenI How did that ha!!enI 4. " ha#e 1ust returnedI Bid you goI How long did you stay. 7. Ha#e you hadI Bid you cutI Ann cutI ;. 6ome,ody has s!iltI it wasn't meI it wasI <. Bid you seeI =. 6ome,ody has takenI ?. " didn't eat... " didn't feelI A. Why didn't 'im wantI He wasI C. he has gone outI did he go outI 0D. Ha#e 74< you seen* " ha#eI " sawI did you thinkI " didn't likeI 00 " wentI Ha#e you e#er ,eenI :ar,ara has already ,eenI 6he lo#ed* she has ne#er eatenI What did you order* " had...Mary triedI They were ,oth* 04. " ha#e ne#er ,eenI " wentI " didI Ha#e you e#er ,eenI a friend of mine stayedI He en1oyed. F>ercise ""* !. G< #. " ha#e ne#er ,een to (hina* ,ut " ha#e ,een to 'a!an. "t was three years ago. 4. Where is my te>t,ook- " ha#e 1ust left it here. Has any,ody ,een here- 7. Eate went to the cinema two hours ago and she hasn't come ,ack yet. ;. Has Gictor re!aired the TG set- . 9ot yet. <. Ha#e you ,ooked the tickets yet- . 9ot yet./.Why didn't you do that yesterday- . " forgot all a,out that. =. Ha#e you e#er ,een to the :olshoi theatre. 5es.. What did you see- . 36wan 8ake3.. Bid you en1oy the ,allet- . 5es* the music is wonderful* the dancing was su!er,. UNIT 4 F>ercise $III4 +( 3P 0. They seem to know each other. 4. He seems to ,e #ery cle#er. 7. "'m looking forward to meeting you. ;. 9ick ottered me his tent* ,ut " refused. <. " suggested starting on Jriday morning. My friends agreed. =. Tomorrow "'m going away on ,usiness 9ina has offered to look after my son. ?. His offer to hel! sur!rised us. A. Ann suggested s!ending our holidays in 5alta. " liked her suggestion. F>ercise "* !. 7; A. what are you and your sister goingI " don't knowI What are you doingI We are goingI Where do you goI We ha#e tried... we !referI Bo you take. . stayI we are taking: "t'll ,eI it isI "'ll talk.* she thinks. :. ostcards always s!oilI " wentI " #isited...satI A friendly waiter taughtI he lentI " read... " didn't understandI " thoughtI My holidays !assed... " didn't sendI " madeI " got u! ...,oughtI " s!ent... " didn't write. F>ercise ""* !. 7< . Hullo* Andrew+ Glad to see you.. Hullo* Gictor+ " ha#en't seen you for ages. Where ha#e you ,een all this time- . 5ou see* "'#e 1ust returned from Fngland. Ha#e you e#er ,een there- . "'m sorry ,ut " ha#en't ,een there. :ut "'m going there ne>t year. Bid you en1oy your tri!- . (ertainly. 8ondon is one of the most ,eautiful cities "'#e e#er seen. " stayed there for two weeks and 74= " had a good time. (ome to see me one of these days. "'ll show you my !ictures.. All right. 6ee you soon. UNIT 0 E,ercise I4 +( 11 0. Gictor has 1ust returned from 8ondon. " ha#en't seen him since last year. 4. How long ha#e you ,een married- . Three years. 7. Ha#e you e#er read Fnglish ,ooks in the original- . 9o. " ha#e ,een studying Fnglish only half a year. ;. Where ha#e you ,een" ha#e ,een waiting for you since fi#e o'clock. <. What are you doing now- . " ha#e ,een ty!ing for two hours already. =. " ha#en't seen your sister lately.. 6he has ,een in the (rimea the whole month. ?. Who has taken my dictionary- " ha#e ,een looking for it for half an hour. A. "'m tired. " ha#e ,een working in the garden all day long. C. How long ha#e you ,een !re!aring for your e>ams- . Jor a month already. 0D. Ro,ert is a,sent today. He has ,een ill for two weeks. 00. How long ha#e you ,een collecting stam!s- . Jor ten years. 04. What ha#e you ,een doing all this time- . " ha#e ,een watching TG. 07. Ha#e you ,een sitting here long- . 6ince 0D o'clock. 0;. My ,rother is in Moscow. " ha#en't heard from him for a month. 0<. " ha#en't met aul since we !assed the last e>am. 0=. The students ha#e 1ust left. They ha#e ,een here all day long.

F>ercise "* !. ;A 0. 6ome,ody has ,rokenI 4. 'ohn has forgottenI " ha#e ,een e>!ectingI 7. What has ha!!enedI ;. Ha#en't you finishedI 5ou ha#e ,een readingI <. " ha#e ,een cookingI =. What ha#e you ,een doingI " ha#e ,een sittingI ?. " ha#e lostI A. Ha#e you ,een workingI C. He has a!!earedI 0D. "'#e ,een cleaningI " ha#e cleanedI 00. " ha#en't ,een waiting. E,ercise II4 +( 1; 0. The whole e#ening "'#e ,een ty!ing. " ha#e already ty!ed ten !ages. 4. We ha#e ,een writing the test !a!er for ;< minutes already. 6ome of the students ha#e already finished it. 7. Ha#e you ,een waiting for me long- . 9o* " ha#e 1ust come. ;. What ha#e you ,een doing this morning- . We ha#e ,een !lanting trees in the garden.. How many trees ha#e you !lanted- . 6e#en. <. " ha#e ,een translating the article for two hours* ,ut " ha#en't translated it yet. F>ercise "* !. <0 0. Mr (lark workedI 4. 6he has li#edI 7. They ha#e ,een 74? marriedI ;. we were... the weather wasI <. The weather has ,een* =. " ha#e ne#er metI ?. We s!okeI A. " ha#en't s!oken. F>ercise ""* !. <0 0. Ann and " agreed to go to the cinema yesterday. " waited for her outside the cinema half an hour* ,ut she didn't come. " don't know what has ha!!ened to her. 4. When did you last see Ro,ert- . " ha#en't seen him for two weeks. 7. How long ha#e you ,een married- . " got married three years ago. ;. Where did you rest last summer- . "n the (aucasus.. How long did you stay there- . A,out a month. <. 5esterday " came home from work at = o'clock* rested a,out an hour* and then " went to #isit my friend. =. Where is the key- "'#e ,een looking for it $for&half an hour already. ?. How long ha#e you you ,een here- . " came here an hour ago.. Bid you meet 9ick- . 5es* we talked for ten minutes and then he left. A. How long ha#e you had this car- . Ji#e years. C. How long ha#e you li#ed in Minsk. 6ince 0C?A. E,ercise I4 +( 21 0. "t was still raining... " cameI "t has ,een rainingI 4. " ha#e ,een sittingI " ha#e already drunkI *7. What ha#e you ,een doingI " ha#en't seenI ;. They ha#en't ,een workingI They ha#e ,een. <. "t hasn't rainedI =. " ha#e ,een goingI ?. eter has ,een writingI He has already writtenI A. " ha#e ,een slee!ing... " ha#en't wokenI C. " ,ought... " ha#en't wornI 0D. He has already seenI He saw.* he wasI 00. When did you meetI " metI 04. Ha#e you e#er s!okenI " s!okeI 07. eter has li#edI He li#ed... he wentI 0;. " ha#e 1ust hadI " finishedI 0<. " ha#e madeI " madeI 0=. " ha#e ne#er !layed... " !layed... " wasI 0?. " ha#en't heard... she wentI 0A. " lay. 0C. Ha#e you e#er tra#elledI " wentI 4D. Ha#e you li#edI " ha#e li#edI " was ,ornI Ha#e you ,eenI " wentI 40. How long ha#e you ,eenI " arri#edI " ha#e ,eenI Ha#e you seenI 44. Williams li#eI They ha#e only li#ed* They arri#ed... arrangedI They ha#en't made.....they thinkI The neigh,ours ha#e ,een...Mr Williams has in#ited... he will holdI His friends are coming $will come&I The Williams family li#ed... they cameI Mr Williams didn't likeI he was #isiting... he met... who offeredI Mrs Williams wanted... they arri#ed... the sun was shining... she ,eganI 47. 'ack lookedI 'ili arri#edI " ha#e ,een waitingI he saidI Were youI 'ack wentI he saidI " got...you were notI " came... waited... you didn't comeI What ha#e you ,een doingI 'ack askedI " ha#e 1ust ,een. E,ercise II4 +( 22 0. Mr 6mith is waiting for you.. How long has he ,een waiting- . A,out twenty minutes.. 8et him come in. 4. Where are the 74A letters- " want to send them today.. The secretary has 1ust ,rought them. 6he has ,een ty!ing the whole day. ;. (an $May& " s!eak to Mr Gorono#- . "'m afraid not. He has 1ust gone out. ;. 8et's go to the cinema. We ha#en't ,een at the cinema for ages..

Good idea. 9ick says* that he has seen an interesting detecti#e at the 3Moscow3 cinema. Would you like to see it- . 5es* "'m #ery fond of detecti#es. <. When did you graduate from the "nstitute- . "n 0C?<.. How long ha#e you worked at this !lant- . Ji#e years. . Where did you work ,efore- . At a research institute. UNIT 1 E,ercise $I4 +( :3 0. Hullo+ Ha#en't seen you for ages+ How are you- . Jine* thank you. And you- . uite well* thank you. 4. Good morning+ "s the chief in- . 9o* he is at a meeting. (ome at 04. .Thank you. Good/,ye. 7. " must ,e off. " ha#e an a!!ointment at C o'clock. Remem,er me to your wife and !arents.. Thank you. Good/,ye. ;. Glad to see you. How are you getting on- . All the same* thank you. And how are you- . 9ot too good "'m afraid. My wife has fallen ill with flue.. 6orry to hear that. <.Hullo+ How are you- . 9ot too ,ad* thank you.. And how is your ,rother getting on- . He is fine.. Glad to hear that. =. " hear F#e :rown is going to get married.. That's interesting news. "t will ,e her third marriage. ?. " ha#en't seen your sister lately. How is she getting on- . Gery well* thank you. 6he is now a,road* in "taly.. How long is she going to stay there- . A year and a half.. Gi#e my regards to her.. 6ure. A. How are you* Gictor- . 9ot too good* "'m afraid.. What's wrong- $What's the matter-& . " ha#en't !assed my e>am in ,iology.. 6orry to hear that. "'m sure you will soon !ass it.. " ho!e so. " ha#e ,een !re!aring for it for a week already. F>ercise "* !. == 0. someI anyI noI 4. somethingI e#erythingI anythingI nothingI 7. some,odyI any,odyI no,odyI e#ery,odyI ;. somewhereI e#erywhereI anywhere. E,ercise II4 +( :N 0. a littleI 4. a fewI 7. a fewI ;. a littleI <. a fewI =. a littleI ?. a fewI A. a fewI C. fewI 0D. little. E,ercise III4 +( :N 0. muchI 4. muchI 7. manyI ;. muchI <. manyI =. muchI ?. manyI A. manyI C. muchI 0D. manyI 00. manyI 04. much. 74C E,ercise I$4 +( :N 9eitherI ,othI neitherI allI none. E,ercise $4 +( :N 0. itselfI 4. themsel#esI 7. myselfI ;. himselfI <. herself* =. yourselfI ?. yourselfI A. oursel#esI C. yourselfI 0D. themsel#esI 00. himselfI 04. herself. UN IT 2 E,ercise '$I4 +( N; 0. (ould you hand her this message- . Gladly. 4. Will you !lease wait for me a little- . All right. 7. 6hall we dro! in at this cafe- . Good idea.. What would you like . tea or coffee- . Tea with lemon.. 6hall we eat anything- 5ou must ,e hungry.. 5es. "'d like to try the ,eefsteak.. Anything else- . 9o* that's all.. 6o* we can make our order. Waiter+ . 5es* sir- . lease* ,ring us two ,eefsteaks and tea with lemon.. All right* sir. ;. (ould you gi#e me a lift to the station- . With !leasure. <. (ould you do me a fa#our- " want to call at the !ost/office for the !arcel. Will you* !lease* look after Ann while "'m out- . (ertainly* "'ll come in no time. F>ercise "* !. A4 toI !astI atI toI nearI fromI ofI onI forI forI withI ofI ofI forI out ofI at. E,ercise II4 +( ;0 /I aI /I theI /I /I theI theI theI theI /I /I /I /I /I /I /I aI aI /I /I theI /I /I aI /I /I theI /I aI theI .theI theI aI the. E,ercise III4 +( ;0 Ha#e you had dinner- . 9ot yet.. 9either ha#e ". "'m #ery hungry. 8et's ha#e dinner somewhere together.. All right. 6hall we go to the cafe in Main 6treet- . "'d lo#e to. " ha#e ,een there se#eral times. " like that cafe #ery much. The cooking and the ser#ice are good there. $"n the cafe&

. What is on the menu today- . There are a lot of dishes to my taste. "'d like chicken sou!* ,eefsteak and a glass of orange 1uice. And you- . As for me* "'ll ha#e a mutton cho! and a ,ottle of ,eer. " don't want sou! today.. Bo you want ice/cream- . 9o* " don't like ice/cream.. Would you like anything to drink- . 8et's ha#e a ,ottle of dry wine.. Anything else- . 9o* that's all 8et's call the waiter and make our order. 77D UNIT : E,ercise I4 +( ;N 6o am "I 6o did "I neither did 0I '6o were the rest of usI neither does MonikaI so am "I neither ha#e "I 6o has MonikaI so are the !eo!le. E,ercise II4 +( ;; 0. 9ick s!eaks Fnglish well.. 6o does his wife. 4. " ha#en't seen this film.. 9either ha#e ". 7. We are going on an e>cursion on the week/end.. 6o are we. ;. Ann didn't come to the concert yesterday.. 9either did her ,rother. <. " can't !lay golf.. 9either can ". =. 5esterday " had to work hard.. 6o did ". ?. 'ohn likes figure skating.. 6o does his wife. A. " don't know his address.. 9either do ". C. Ro,ert will come.. 6o will Gictor. 0D. " ha#e already ,ooked a ticket.. 6o ha#e ". 00. 5esterday " saw 9ick.. 6o did ". 04. " didn't like the concert..9either did ". 07. "'m glad to see you.. 6o am ". 0;. " shan't ,e !resent at the meeting.. 9either shall ". E,ercise I4 +( PI aren't youI aren't youI don't youI don't youI didn't youI were youI aren't youI didn't youI weren't youI did youI didn't youI do youI didn't youI didn't youI weren't youI didn't youI wasn't thereI do youI am "I isn't it. E,ercise II4 +( P1 0. 5ou li#e in Main 6treet* don't you- . 5es* " ha#e li#ed there for fi#e years.. 5ou know )leg 8o,o#* don't you- . 5es* he is my neigh,our.. (an you hand him my message- . 6ure. 4. 9ick left for Moscow last week* didn't he- . 5es* he did.. He hasn't come ,ack yet* has he- . 9o* he hasn't.. :ut he will come ,y 6aturday* won't he- . " think so. 7. 5ou ran't !lay chess* can you- . 9o* " can't.. :ut you !lay draughts* don't you- . 5es* " do.. Then let's !lay a game of draughts. UNIT ? F>ercise "* !. 0DD 0. she and Arthur had heldI 4. eter was going... he saw... he hadn't metI 7. " hadn't fallen... " heardI ;. + s!oke... " thought... " had metI <. we got... we found... the train had already leftI " was waiting " was readingI =. they had gone... " wentI ?. " got ,ack... they had soldI A. He was...he had ,een workingI C. she o!ened... she readI 0D. They had ,een sitting... the ta>i finally arri#edI 00. They left... he had finishedI 04. He 2uickly forgot... he 770 had learntI 07. we came... the 6miths had already li#edI 0;. He told... he had ,een fishing... he had ne#er caughtI 0<. she $had& heard... she !honedI 0=. he looked... he understood... he had got offI 0?. 'ack had doneI He wentI The weather wasI "t had sto!!ed... the moon was shining. 0A. 'udy's father had managedI They caught... s!entI They arri#ed... 1oinedI they realised they had left. E,ercise II4 +( 1I1 0. When " came to see Gictor* he wasn't at home. He had gone to the station to meet his friend. 4. The tourists had ,een waiting for the ,us #ery long* so when it arri#ed* it was already too late and they didn't want to go anywhere. 7. When " had told him e#erything he understood what had ha!!ened. ;. 6he looked at the watch. "t was a,out 04 o'clock. 6he had ,een working at her re!ort for = hours. <. Ay the end of 'une 0 had !assed all my e>ams and was free. =. )n Jriday he wasn't at work. The day ,efore he had gone away on ,usiness. ?. When " called 9ick* " learnt that he had ,een ill for two weeks. A. " had worked at a !lant ,efore " entered the "nstitute. C. The meeting hadn't ,egun yet* when we came. 0D. When i came home* the children were already slee!ing. My wife said that they had ,een slee!ing since C o'clock. 00. Gictor said that he had reser#ed a room at the Hkraine hotel. 04. He had li#ed a,road for three years* ,efore he came to Minsk. E,ercise I4 +( 1I0 0. We shall ha#e finishedI 4. The lesson will ha#e startedI

7. he will ha#e ,een li#ing $will ha#e li#ed&I ;. he will ha#e ,egunI <. They will ha#e ,een tra#ellingI =. 6he will ha#e hadI ?. They will ha#e ,uiltI A. " will ha#e s!entI C. We shall ha#e ,een flyingI 0D. The !lay will ha#e ,egunI 00. they will ha#e com!letedI 04. " will ha#e ,een working. UNIT ; E,ercise $4 +( 1I: 0. Bon't make "" . work so hard. 6he is tired of this work. 4. " made the ty!ist ty!e the letter again* ,ecause there were a lot of mistakes in it. 7. Why did you make him go there so late;. "'ll do all " can to hel! her. <. The film is different from the ,ook. "t is much more interesting. =. 6he is !roud of her son. He is #ery hard/working and does #ery well at school. E,ercise I4 +( 13I toI toI onI withI outsideI atI atI forI atI inI forI for. 774 F>ercise ""* !. 04D What are you doing tonight- . 9othing s!ecial* why- . Would you like to go to the cinema- . That's not a ,ad idea. " ha#en't ,een at the cinema for se#eral weeks.. The Moscow cinema is showing 3Gone with the Wind3 ,ased on Mitchel's no#el.. My friend has already seen it. He says it is a wonderful film. )f course* we mustn't miss it.. Then " shall ,uy two tickets for the eight o'clock show. Boes this time suit you- . erfectly* thank you. And where shall we meet- . 8et's meet at my house at ? o'clock.. All right. 6ee you soon. UNIT P F>ercise "* !. 04C 0. " wonder where they usually s!end their holidays. 4. " think that she hasn't come yet. 7. " ho!e that he won't miss the train* though he left for the railway station late. ;. " remem,er that " went away on ,usiness in 6e!tem,er. <. " wonder whether he will s!eak at the meeting. =. 6he says that she doesn't like theatre. ?. " don't know when they will come ,ack. A. He says he was late for the lecture yesterday. C. 6he wants to know at what hotel they are staying. 0D. 6he says she has ,een teaching Fnglish for 4D years already. 00. He asks why you don't !hone him. 04. Bo you know when the train arri#es in Warsaw- 07. Bo you remem,er where we rested in 0CAD- 0;. "'m afraid they missed the si> o'clock train. 0<. Ask her when she will come. 0=. Tell him where she li#es. 0?. " don't know why Ro,ert doesn't write to me. 0A. " am not sure whether " shall see her tomorrow. 0C. Bo you know if there is a !ost/office not far from here- 4D.0 think she will ha#e ty!ed the documents ,y < o'clock. 40. "'#e no idea what he is doing here. 44. "'m afraid that she has lost her way. F>ercise "* !. 07< 0. the train sto!!ed " looked... didn't seeI " had sent... " thought... they would meetI they were waitingI We went... didn't findI We thought... something had ha!!enedI We had ,een waiting... we understood... they would not comeI they had recei#ed... could notI 4. he had gone... who was comingI 7. " wentI " took... lookedI a waiter came... 0 had chosenI " had chosenI " would takeI ;. she had en1oyed ... she would s!endI <. " offered* 6he said... she had a headache... didn't want. E,ercise II4 +( 102 0. 5esterday e#ening my ,rother called me and asked whether " wanted to go to the cinema. " agreed and " wasn't disa!!ointed. 777 " liked the film #ery much. 4. " ho!ed that " would catch the last train* ,ut " missed it. 7. 5esterday on my way home " called on 9ick. He said he had 1ust recei#ed a telegram from his mother and in an hour he was going to the station to meet her. ;. When " saw 9ina* " understood* that she was u!set ,y something. 6he said that her mother had fallen ill. <. The other day " met 'ohn. He said he had ,ought himself a new car. =. When " called on my friend* her mother said that she was not at home: she was taking an e>am ,ut she would ,e ,ack soon. ?. "n 'une my sister and " are lea#ing for the

(aucasus. )ur ,rother said that he would 1oin us as soon as he !assed his e>ams. A. 5esterday " asked 6te#e to re!air my iron. He said that his friends were waiting for him and he couldn't hel! me. He !romised that he would re!air the iron today.. 8ast month he !romised to re!air my ,icycle* ,ut he ne#er did.. " ho!e that he will kee! his !romise this time. C. " was sur!rised when " learnt that Ro,ert hadn't !assed his e>am. He said that he had ,een !re!aring for it for a long time. 0D. eter said that he would ,e waiting for me at the entrance to the stadium and asked me not to ,e late. UNIT 1I E,ercise $4 +( 10; 0. Gictor wants me to re!air his car. 4. " want you to !hone 9ina and in#ite her to the !arty. 7. " don't want him to go with us ;. Bo you want me to hel! you- <. We didn't want the children to swim in such cold weather. =. My ,rother wanted me to ,ook the tickets in ad#ance. E,ercise I4 +( 11P "t was raining... " wokeI "t always rainsI We had !lanned... we decidedI We had missed...arri#edI We had arranged... he had ,een waiting... we gotI The !lay had already started... we wentI " am workingI " ha#e ,een sitting... " ha#en't doneI " feelI " ha#e already hadI " went... it rainedI " shall ,ook. E,ercise II4 +( 12I 0. Bo you want to go to the theatre on 6aturday- . "'d lo#e to. " ha#en't ,een at the theatre for a long time. What !erformance do you suggest- . "'d like to listen to 3(armen3..Who sings the !art of (armen- . Helena ),ra@tso#a.. 6he is a wonderful actress. Bo you think we shall ,e a,le to get tickets- . M friend !romised me to get two tickets.. Thank you. That's #ery nice of you to in#ite me. " shall ,e looking forward to the !erformance. 001 UNIT 11 E,ercise $I4 +( 121 0. 6orry for ,othering you.. That's )E. 4. 6orry* " !romised to return the ,ook today ,ut " forgot.. 9e#er mind. 5ou may ,ring it ,ack tomorrow. 7. "'m sorry "'m late.. 9e#er mind* we'll ,e on time. ;. " am #ery sorry that " didn't warn you a,out my arri#al in ad#ance..That's all right. "'m always glad to see you. <. 6orry* " ha#e lost your dictionary. " shall ,uy you a new one.. Bon't worry. "'#e got one more dictionary. =. F>cuse my calling you so late.. 9e#er mind. " ha#e 1ust come home myself. ?. "'m sorry that " didn't hel! you.. 9e#er mind. " managed myself. A. 6orry that " didn't call for your coat at the laundromat.. "t doesn't matter. 5ou may do it tomorrow C. "'m so sorry that " ha#e ,roken your fa#ourite #ase.. Jorget it. E,ercise $II4 +( 12; 0. 6hall " hel! you translate the article- .Thank you* " can manage. 4. 6hall " switch off the TG set- . lease* do* it's late already. "t's time to go to ,ed. 7. 6hall " gi#e you a lift home- . 9o* thank you. "'d like to walk. ;. May " switch on the ta!e/recorder- . lease* don't. "'m tired and " want to slee!. <. 6hall " wake you u! in the morning- . 9o* there is no need* thank you. 00 think " shall wake u! myself. =. May " use your !en- . (ertainly. ?. 8et me hel! you. . There is no need* thank you. A. 6hall " ,uy some ,read on the way home- . Bo* !lease. C. 6hall " re!air your " TG set- . 5es* !lease* thank you. That's #ery nice of you. UNIT 13 E,ercise I4 +( 1N3 " rang u!... he was !re!aringI He said.* he had !acked... he hadn't ,oughtI " !romised.. " would hel!I " was free... " couldI He thanked... added... he would ,e gratefulI " ,rought... my friend started. Mrs Hudson was...she ,eganI 6he went... told... she hadn't ,een feelingI The doctor asked ... she hadI 6he said she hadI Her hus,and had died* Mike had fallen... she was afraid he wouldn't get* Farnest had 1oinedI The doctor ad#isedI her heart wasI it wouldn't ,e .. she would do. an old lady ha!!enedI she sto!!edI they had talked... the lady o,ser#ed... she didn't think he wasI The man assured...he certainly wasn'tI He said... his relati#es had sentI The old lady !romised... she would look... wentI a ,ig !iece of wood hitI 6he turned...

sawI she asked what was wrongI he merely wanted. 77< 'ohn Ro,inson had 1ust returned... was ha#ingI Bo,son rang* he was... his friend had arri#edI he felt... was not sure he would ,e a,le. UNIT 10 E,ercise I4 +( 1;0 0. F>cuse me* sir. Boes the 4? ,us sto! here- . 5es. Where do you want to go- . To the air!ort.. The 4? will take you there.. Thank you. 4. F>cuse me* sir* "'m afraid "'m lost. (an you hel! me- . Where do you want to go- . To the Minsk hotel.. "t is fi#e ,locks away from here. Go along this street as far as the traffic lights. Bo you see it- . 5es.. Then turn left at the traffic lights* walk three ,locks and you will see the Minsk hotel.. Thank you.. 9ot at all. 7. F>cuse me* how do " get to the (entral Be!artment 6tore- . Take a num,er A; ,us and go as far as the (entral Be!artment ,us sto!. "t will take you a,out twenty minutes to get there. Ask some,ody to tell you where to get off.. Thank you.. That's ]. d. ;. F>cuse me* does this ,us go to the station- . 9o* you need the num,er 70. "t will take you straight to the station. <. What trolley/,us do you take to get to work- . " don't go ,y trolley/,us. Jirst " take a ,us* and then " change for the underground. =. (ould you tell me if there is a !ost/office not far from here- . 5es* there is one at the end of the street. UNIT 11 E,ercise I4 +( 1P2 Gictor asked George where he and his family were going to s!end their holidays. George answered that they would go to one of the seaside towns in the (rimea. Gictor wanted to know if they had ,ooked the tickets. George said that he was going to do it on the ne>t day. Gictor asked how long they wanted to stay there. George answered that they were going to stay there a,out a month. "n his turn George asked Gictor where he would rest. Gictor said that he wanted to go on a cam!ing tri! in the Al!s. George was sure that Gictor would ha#e a good rest. Gictor ho!ed he would E,ercise II4 +( 1P2 The hostess asked her guest if he would like a cu! of tea. The guest said that he would and thanked the hostess. The hostess asked the guest how he would take it and whether he !referred his tea strong or weak. The guest answered that he liked his tea strong and #ery hot. The hostess wondered how many lum!s of sugar he took in his tea. The guest answered that he took four 77= or fi#e lum!s of sugar* for he liked his tea #ery sweet. The hostess asked if he liked milk in his tea. The guest said that he liked milk in his tea when he couldn't get cream. E,ercise I4 +( 3IN 0. Jred asked a !orter if the train for 8ondon had left and the !orter answered that it had left ten minutes ,efore. 4. 'ohn told Mary she was the most ,eautiful girl in the world... and told him not to talk such nonsense. 7. asked him what was wrong with itI told me to throw it away and ,uy a new one. ;. " asked her if she wanted to go to the cinema with meI she said she had already seen that film. <. The manager asked me if " liked my work and " answered him that " did. He then asked me why 0 wanted to lea#e it then* so " told him " was mo#ing to Glasgow. =. " told him to take the first turning to the left and go as far as the !ost office. The man asked me how far it was and " told him it was a,out half a mile at the most. E,ercise II4 +( 3I; Mr Ro,inson greeted the Thom!sons saying he was glad to see them in 8ondon. He asked his friends how long they had ,een there. Mr Thom!son answered that they had ,een there only a few days* since Monday and he was sorry to say they had to return the following day. Mr Ro,inson asked if it was their first #isit to 8ondon. Mr Thom!son answered that it was his wife's first #isit* ,ut he had ,een there se#eral times ,efore. He had to come o#er at least once a year on ,usiness and felt 2uite at home in 8ondon. Mr Ro,inson asked Mrs Thom!son what she thought of 8ondon. Mrs Thom!son thought it was a wonderful !lace. Mr Ro,inson asked the Thom!sons a,out their !lans for that

night and in#ited them to his !lace. Mr Thom!son thanked Mr Ro,inson ,ut he refused saying they were lea#ing the following morning and they had got a lot of things to do. He said that they might #isit the Ro,insons some other time. E,ercise III4 +( 3I; An old lady was going to take a ta>i. 6he asked the dri#er to take her to the station. The dri#er agreed to do so. The lady told the dri#er that he must dri#e slowly and carefully. 6he warned him not to go until the !oliceman lowered his arm and not to rush round the corners as the road was #ery wet. The ta>i/dri#er got angry with the woman ,ecause of her instructions and he asked her sarcastically what hos!ital she would like to ,e taken to if they did ha#e an accident. 00N E,ercise I$4 +( 3I; 0. 5esterday " had a day off. " suggested to Ann going to the cinema* ,ut she refused saying that she was getting ready for her e>am in German. We agreed to go to the cinema ne>t week. 4. The teacher asked me why " had missed so many lessons. " answered* that " had gone away on ,usiness. 7. When " was going to lea#e* my ,rother reminded me to ,ring him a Russian/6!anish dictionary ne>t time. He said that he had to translate an article on electronics. " answered that " would call on him in two days and !romised that " wouldn't forget a,out his re2uest. ;. When " came home* my son was already slee!ing. " wanted to talk to him ,ut my wife told me not to wake him u! ,ecause he was #ery tired as he had ,een re!airing the car the whole e#ening. <. The doctor ad#ised me to s!end more time in the o!en air and not to go to ,ed late. =. 9ina asked whether " would go to the !arty* and " answered that " would. UNIT 12 E,ercise I4 +( 330 . Hello. My name is Eent. 8ast week " reser#ed a single room in your hotel.. 'ast a moment. 5es* sir* we got your letter. " can offer you room ;= on the third floor.. "s there a shower in the room- . 5es* there is a ,ath and a shower.. That's fine. " ho!e there is a tele!hone in the room.. 5es* all the rooms in our hotel ha#e got tele!hones. . That's #ery con#enient. " must make some tele!hone calls. How much is the room- . <D dollars a night.. All right. "'ll take the room..Then will you !lease fill in $out& the registration form- . All right. When do you ser#e ,reakfast- . Jrom ? to C.7D.. "s there a !ost/office in the hotel- . 9o* ,ut it's 2uite near* on the other side of the street. .Thank you. UNIT 1: E,ercise I'4 +( 33P 0. What foreign language is taught at your "nstitute- 4. " wonder where this 1ournal is !u,lished. 7. " think these ,ooks are sold in all sho!s. ;. What is !roduced at this factory- <. This list of articles is recommended for your work. =. Joreign films are often shown at our "nstitute. ?. What time is the li,rary closed- A. We are not allowed to take ,ooks out of the reading hall. C. "s the mail deli#ered here ,y !lane- 0D. Many guests are e>!ected today. 00. He is often sent letters. 04. What is sold at this sho!- 07. How much are you !aid- 0;. Where are meetings usually held- What 77A !ro,lems are discussed at the meetings- 0< Where are the documents ke!t- Who are the documents signed ,yE,ercise $III4 +( 301 0. 8ast year he wasn't sent a,road. 4. When were the tickets ,ooked- 7. When was the !ost deli#ered- ;. The agreement was / signed on the tenth of March. <. Why wasn't he informed a,out her de!arture- =. Where was the conference held- ?. When was the station ,uilt- A. How many letters were recei#ed yesterday- C. We were not in#ited to the !arty 0D. " wasn't offered a ticket for the concert. 00. Who was this work done ,y04. The guests were shown the la,oratories of the institute. 07. This 2uestion was discussed at our last meeting. 0;. The documents were ty!ed on Jriday. 0<. The letter was written ,y my secretary two days ago. 0=. The film was much s!oken of $a,out&. 0?. Who was the article translated ,yE,ercise $4 +( 300

0. 5ou will ,e shown a lot of !laces of interest in our city. 4. Will the letter ,e sent ,y air mail- 7. When will the tickets for the concert ,e sent- ;. When will dinner ,e ser#ed- <. "n what 1ournal will this article ,e !u,lished- =. 6he said that the tickets would ,e ,ooked in a week. ?. The talks will ,e held in )cto,er. A. " think you will ,e gi#en a good room at this notel. C. " ho!e the work will ,e com!leted in time. 0D. " am sure that he will ,e in#ited to the conference. 00. Where will the meeting ,e held- 04. " wonder what film will ,e shown tomorrow. 07. The documents will ,e signed tomorrow. 0;. 6he won't ,e told a,out that. E,ercise I4 +( 302 0. )ur tourist grou! arri#edI A ,us tookI we were in#itedI We 'wanted ...none of us had ,eenI We were shown and toldI our tour came... we had learntI 4. "t will ,e !ostedI 7. were you taught... you studiedI ;. Why didn't they comeI " don't knowI They were sentI <. When will the tickets ,e ,ookedI =. " reached... " was sto!!edI ?. Are students allowedI dictionaries are not allowedI A. A new stadium was ,uiltI C. Are you lookingI some glo#es were !icked u! and gi#enI 0D. The mother was toldI He will ,e e>aminedI F#erything will ,eI 00. Alice will ,e in#itedI 04. When are e>aminations heldI They are heldI 07. The old man fell down and ,rokeI He was takenI 0;. " was wokenI 0<. Mr 6mith doesn't write... they are writtenI 0=. Are these te>t,ooks usedI 0?. Where are the 1ournals ke!tI 0A. F#erything will ,e doneI 0C. Brinks are not ser#edI 4D. Who is this article written ,yI 40. An interesting article will ,e !u,lishedI The author of the article has ,een workingI 44. which were recei#edI 5ou will ,e gi#enI 47. He 77C was askedI He was gi#enI 4;. This ,ook will ,e discussedI A lot ot students will take !artI 4<. Where isI 6he was calledI 4=. He 86 always attenti#ely listened to. E,ercise II4 +( 302 0. The tourists were shown 6t. aul's (athedral* one of the most ,eautiful ,uildings in 8ondon. 4. We were taken to the air!ort ,y ,us. 7. Where will the talks ,e held- . "n Gene#a. ;. This no#el was translated into Russian two years ago. <. The delegation was met at the station. =. 5esterday he was offered an interesting 1o, at a research institute. ?. Go to the desk clerk. 5ou will ,e gi#en the key to your room. A. 5esterday " was offered a ticket for this concert ,ut " refused. C. When will the telegram ,e deli#ered/"n two hours. 0D. What language is s!oken in Australia- Fnglish. 00. When will he ,e sent a #isa- 04. We were gi#en all the necessary instructions. 07 6he is highly s!oken of. 0;. What !ro,lems will ,e discussed at the conference- 0<. When was the floor !aintedE,ercise I$4 +( 30N 0. What is going on in the sitting/room- . The TG set is ,eing re!aired there. 4. There is no,ody in the lo,,y. The guests are ,eing shown the "nstitute. 7. (an " ha#e a look at the test !a!er- . 9o* it is still ,eing ty!ed. ;. The room is untidy. The things are still ,eing !acked. <. A new stadium is ,eing ,uilt in our town. =. 5our !ro!osal is still ,eing discussed. ?. Why is it so cold here- . The hall is ,eing aired. A. Bon't enter the room. The floor is ,eing !ainted there. E,ercise $I4 +( 30; 0. The lecture was #ery interesting* and the s!eaker was ,eing listened to with great attention. 4. When " returned to Minsk the alace of 6!orts was still ,eing ,uilt. 7. When r. :rown came his !ro!osal was ,eing discussed ;. An interesting concert was ,eing ,roadcast at < o'clock yesterday. <. When " 1oined the grou! of tourists* they were 1ust ,eing told a,out the history of the town. =. When " returned my article was still ,eing ty!ed ?. There were a lot of !eo!le in the street. A go#ernment delegation was ,eing met. E,ercise $II4 +( 311 0. The letter hasn't ,een !osted yet. 4. The doctor has already ,een sent for. 7. Ha#e the news!a!ers ,een deli#ered yet- . 9ot yet. ;. Has your house e#er ,een re!aired. 5es* it was re!aired fi#e years ago. <. May " take the documents- . "'m afraid not. They ha#en't ,een ty!ed yet. =. :e careful. The doors ha#e 1ust ,een !ainted. ?. 9ina is !leased 6he has ,een offered an interesting 1o,. A. The telegram has 1ust ,een recei#ed.

"t's on the desk. C. Ann is lea#ing for "taly. 6he has already ,een sent a #isa. E,ercise I$4 +( 313 0. " was #ery glad when " learned that my son had ,een in#ited to take !art in the international conference on electronics in Gene#a. 4. " had to wait. The secretary said that the documents hadn't ,een signed yet. 7. 5esterday " met Ann. 6he said she had ,een sent a !arcel and she was going to the !ost/office to get it. ;. :y the e#ening all the things had ,een !acked. <. 8ittle Eate was ha!!y. 6he had ,een gi#en a ,o> of chocolate. =. 6he was disa!!ointed. 6he hadn't ,een sent an in#itation to the !arty. ?. When " returned the article had already ,een translated. F>ercise """* !. 4;7 0. The work will ha#e ,een done ,y the end of the month. 4. The letters will ha#e heen ty!ed ,y the time you return. 7. :y the time you come ,ack the e>!eriment will ha#e ,een com!le/ted. ;. (ome at <. The documents will ha#e ,een signed ,y that time. <. All the in#itations will ha#e ,een sent ,y the end of the week. =. The telegram will ha#e ,een deli#ered ,y "" o'clock. E,ercise I4 +( 31: 0. Where isI "t is ,eingI "t will ,e ,roughtI 4. the door had already ,een lockedI 7. tractors are !roducedI ;. 9ot a word was saidI <. Her fa#ourite record has ,een ,rokenI =. The house has ,een !aintedI ?. my watch has ,een stolenI it will ,e foundI A. The results of the e>!eriment are ,eing discussedI C. the documents hadn't ,een signedI 0D. his de#ice was ,eing testedI 00. " ha#e 1ust ,een offeredI 04. were you sentI 07. Where was the conference heldI how long did it lastI Bid you hearI 0;. "t has ne#er ,een usedI 0<. The school will ha#e ,een ,uiltI 0=. The article will ha#e ,een translatedI 0?. 'ohn li#es in Manchester. His girlfriend Mary is studyingI 6he has ,een stayingI 'ohn wentI He isI He has 1ust recei#edI "t wasI you had gone " feltI " really en1oyed: " took... it wasI The !a!ers are ,eing markedI " !ass "'ll getI "'ll ,e a,le to getI 5ou didn't tellI 5ou said you were workingI we hadI We went...that was o!enedI F#eryone was... the course had ,een com!letedI "'m going to miss... "'#e made hereI you'll meet. 7;0 E,ercise II4 +( 31N 0. Bon't worry. 5our children will ,e looked after if you return late. 4. Ha#e the 1ournals ,een ,rought yet- . 5es* they were ,rought two hours ago. 7 When " came* the guests were ,eing shown the la,oratories of the institute. ;. :y the end of the week all the ,ooks had ,een sold. <. We were e>!ected on Wednesday ,ut we came on Monday. =. Meetings are held in this hall. ?. What 2uestion was ,eing discussed when you came- A. A new ,ridge is ,eing ,uilt near the railway station C As soon as the documents are signed* we shall send them to Moscow. 0D. The floor in this room has ne#er ,een !ainted. 00. " shall ,e glad if my article is ty!ed in your 1ournal 04. He was glad ,ecause he had ,een !romised hel!. 07. When and where will the conference ,e held- 0;. " was sure that he wouldn't come unless he was in#ited. 0<. " was offered a ticket for the concert* ,ut " refused. 0=. 6tudents of medical institutes are taught 8atin. 0?. We were ,eing shown slides when the dean came UNIT 1N E,ercise I4 +( 32: ofI onI /I toI onI ,yI atI ,eforeI onI atI atI toI forI toI fromI intoI toI /I inI /I at. E,ercise II4 +( 32: . Good afternoon. . Good afternoon. What can " do for you- . Are there any trains to Moscow today- . 5es* there are two night trains.. When do they start- . At C and 00 o'clock.. When does the nine o'clock train arri#e in Moscow- . At ? a. m.. That time suits me. Are there any tickets for that train- . 5es* there are some first class tickets.. "'m lucky. UNIT 1; E,ercise I4 +( 3:P 0. went...who was comingI " arri#ed...went ...satI it was announced... the !lane was... "

decidedI " was 1ust walking... " sawI We talked... went... we hadI " remem,eredI We rushedI " was told... the !lane from aris had arri#edI " hurried .. got... dro#eI " arri#ed... " found. E,ercise II4 +( 3:P . Good morning+ Will you tell me if there is a flight to 8ondon on the 4< th of )cto,er- . 5es* there are two flights . in the morning and in the e#ening.. When is the morning flight- . 7;4 At = a. m.. 9o* it's too early. " shall ha#e a slee!less night if " go ,y that !lane. When is the e#ening flight- . At A !. m.. When does the !lane arri#e in 8ondon- . At 0D !. m.. This time suits me. Are there any tickets for that flight- . 5es* there are some first class tickets.. "'d like a return ticket. "'m coming ,ack on the 7D th of )cto,er. UNIT 1P E,ercise I$4 +( 3N0 . " ha#en't !assed my Fnglish e>am.. 0 think you should work harder.. 5es* certainly. 4. " ha#e a hea#y suitcase.. 5ou should lea#e it in the left luggage office.. "'ll do that. 7. "'m getting o#erweight. " don't like it.. Why don't you go in for s!orts- . Thank you. That's a good idea. ;. "'d like to go to :rest for the weekend.. 5ou should ,ook a ticket in ad#ance.. Thank you. "'ll do that. <. 5ou'd ,etter translate the te>t tomorrow morning. "t's too late now.. " want to finish it today. =. 5ou shouldn't s!end so much time on reading. 5ou'd ,etter s!end more time in the o!en air.. 5ou are right. ?. "'m going to !hone Ro,ert tomorrow.. Why don't you !hone him today- . He won't ,e at home. He said he was going away on ,usiness for a cou!le of days and would ,e ,ack only tomorrow. A. 5ou must hel! Ann with mathematics.. 5es* certainly. C. Why don't you ,uy a house at the seaside- . We are 1ust going to do that. 0D. 5ou look #ery !ale. 5ou ought to consult a doctor.. "'ll certainly do that. E,ercise I4 +( 3;0 0. This is the house " li#e in. 4. This is the ring he ga#e me. 7. The car which was found yesterday ,elongs to her ,rother. ;. The #ase that was standing here was ,roken yesterday. <. The man she is talking to is my ,oss. =. The girl who ,rought the telegram looked #ery tired. ?. This is the hotel which was ,uilt last year. A. The man you are s!eaking a,out is in the ne>t room. C. That is the student we saw at the theatre yesterday. 0D. The ,ook "'m reading is #ery interesting. 00. 5esterday " met my old school mate whom " recogni@ed at once. 04. He is the most interesting man "'#e e#er met. 0w. This is the thing " need. 0;. There are a lot of !eo!le in our office who s!eak Fnglish well. 0<. The student whose note,ook " showed you studies #ery well. 0=. Where is the letter " ga#e you to read- 0?. He !icked u! the !arcel which she had dro!!ed. 0A. Here is the money you lost 0C. This is the town " was ,orn in. 4D. He is the man who hel!ed me. 40. This is the news that sur!rised e#ery,ody. 44. Who is the girl you are looking at- 47. This is the school " studied in. 7;7