WHY PEOPLE CHOOSE 3G-RADIO ACCESS SYSTEM

People tend to choose 3G because it has the support for packet data services which are IP data in core network and Wireless IP. Besides that, 3G is needed for universal standard (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) Other than that, there is the need for new services in mobile multimedia that need faster data transmission and flexible utilization of the spectrum Not only that, FDMA and TDMA are not efficient enough to support new services technologies in mobile multimedia. This is because TDMA wastes the time resources whereas FDMA wastes the frequency resources Therefore, CDMA is implemented in order to support this all new services in mobile multimedia and etc. This is due to the fact that CDMA can exploit the whole bandwidth constantly. Then, Wideband CDMA was selected for a radio access system for UMTS (1997)

EVOLUTION OF MOBILE STANDARD

The First Generation (1G) It was first launched in Japan by NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) in 1979. Other than that, 1G also was known as Analog Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS). Besides that, 1G networks use analog radio signal. Lastly, it was based on circuit-switched technology and only designed for voice, not data.

The Second Generation (2G) It was mostly based on Circuit Switched technology. Besides that, The main difference between two succeeding mobile telephone systems, 1G and 2G, is that the radio signals that 1G networks use are analog, while 2G networks are digital. Therefore, these digital radio signal technology has expand the range of applications to more advanced voice services.

Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe protocols for second generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones . It was first implemented in 1991 by Finland. It is a combination of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA). GSM operates in the 900MHz and 1.8 GHz bands throughout the world (except America) which in America it operates in 1.9 GHz band.

General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) General packet radio service (GPRS) is a packet oriented mobile data service on the 2G and 3G cellular communication system's global system for mobile communications (GSM). Next, GPRS was originally standardized by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). Besides that, the enhancement for GSM core networks is that it introduces packet data transmission. Other than that, GPRS uses radio spectrum and provides always connectivity and greater bandwidth. Lastly, it is worldwide roaming.

Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE) Enhanced Data for Global Evolution (EDGE) is a digital mobile phone technology that allows improved data transmission rates as a backward-compatible extension of GSM. EDGE also known and called as Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution. Next, EDGE is standardized also by 3GPP as part of the GSM family. EDGE is a radio based high-speed mobile data standards. Not only that, EDGE can be used for any packet switched application, such as an Internet connection. Therefore, it enables services like multimedia emailing, video conferencing and Web infotainment.

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a channel access method used by various radio communication technologies. It was developed in North America. Firstly, CDMA uses spread spectrum technology to break up speech into small, digitized segments and encodes them to identify each call. Therefore, CDMA providing clearer voice quality with less background noise, fewer dropped calls, greater reliability, enhanced security, and greater network capacity.

Long Term Evolution (LTE)

LTE is stands for Long Term Evolution, commonly marketed as 4G LTE. The world's first publicly available LTE service was launched by TeliaSonera in Stockholm and Oslo on December 14, 2009. Next, LTE is a standard for wireless communication of high-speed data for data terminals and mobile phones. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies therefore increasing the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvement. Besides that ,the standard is developed by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and is specified in its Release 8 document series, with minor enhancements described in Release 9

INTRODUCTION

3G or also known as 3rd generation mobile telecommunication, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunication services that fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union. Therefore, the ITU (International Telecommunications Union) has set standards of its own for mobile telecommunication and data transfer services called 3G (3rd Generation Mobile Telecommunications). Next, 3G is a wireless industry term for a collection of international standards and technologies aimed at increasing efficiency and improving the performance of mobile wireless networks. Other than that, 3G wireless services offer enhancements to current applications, including greater data speeds, increased capacity for voice and data and the advent of packet data networks versus todays switched networks. Not only that, the application of the 3G services can be but are not limited to the wide-area wireless voice telephone markets, Internet access, video calls and TV, all of which are to be found within a mobile (on-the-go) environment but it is perhaps most well known due to the massive increase in usage within 3G smartphones communications, tying in capabilities of PDAs with those of a normal mobile phone. As second-generation (2G) wireless networks evolve into third-generation systems around the globe operators are working hard to enable 2G and 3G compatibility and worldwide roaming, including 3G UMTS, GSM, GPRS, IS-95A/B, 3G CDMA2000 1X and CDMA2000 1xEV technologies.