Controlling Aphids on tomatoes using wood ash

0 0 googleplus0 157 Possiano Teretere Tue, 28/08/2012 - 00:02

Dear Members, Find the technology from one farmer Emanuel Anguyo from Masindi who uses wood ash to control Aphids on Tomatoes. The farmer sprinkles wood ash to the tomato leaves ensuring that the Aphids are fully dusted. This treatment is repeated once in two weeks from the time the aphids are seen on the plants. Please kindly share with us your experience on this technology. We will also be glad to answer any questions you may be having

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Molly Haragan Fri, 31/08/2012 - 10:24 Permalink

Wood Ash application

Thank you, Possiano, for spreading word of this practice! I was curious about the application of the wood ash on the tomato leaves. Should the wood ash be applied in it's dry form, or mixed with anything at all? Should the wood ash stick and stay on the tomato leaves for it to be effective, or if the ash falls off, will the treatment no longer work? Or is it more important that the aphids have been covered by the ash then the tomato leaves? I hope to hear of others' experiences with wood ash and aphid treatment. Thanks again for sharing this technology.

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Mustapha Haruna Wed, 10/10/2012 - 17:06 Permalink

Aphids control using wood ash and more

Thanks a lot Posiano and Molly for sharing with us your knowledge and experiences of wood ash application. I actually had similar experiences of applying the dry ashes to control aphides. Although, in few instances, it produces negative effects on the tomato plants when it is done without adequate watering, it was very effective. For the issues raised by Molly, here are some responses based on my own experiences. 1. The ashes are normally applied in the evening after the tomato plants have been watered (where irrigation is used). 2. This way, the ashes are held onto the soil and on the leaves of the tomato plants for some days. 3. The ashes falling off the leaves do not really matter. It will still work even if the Aphids are not covered by the ashes. You can repeat the process after two weeks if you can find more ash or just once with adequate ash is enough. The most important thing is that, the ash is applied after the plants are watered. If this precaution is not observed, it might lead to burns on the leaves of the tomato plants depending on the amount of sunshine in the area. Please let me share with you, also other more natural Aphid control measures (but not limited to tomato farming). They include for example establishing barrier crops such as corn (maize) or similar tall crops around the perimeter of the plot before the tomatoes are planted out and, encouraging predatory beetles of aphids. See (http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5259e/y5259e0b.htm) for details. Similar Aphids control methods used in forestry are available on (http://www.fao.org/docrep/u4200e/u4200e09.htm#cypress aphid: a new threat to africa's forests) Another method is the use of Capsicum (bell pepper) liquid. Boiled capsicum (bell pepper) liquid is an effective aphidicide, which can kill 90% of the aphids. 1. Select a strong bell pepper powder

2. Put it in a pot and mix it with water in a proportion of 0.05 kg/liter of water. 3. Boil this liquid at 100C for 10 minutes and use (for spraying) after cooling. 4. The best time to spray this bell pepper liquid solution is from 10 AM to 2 PM. Details of this available at (http://www.fao.org/docrep/X5670E/x5670e09.htm) Does any member have similar experiences? We would be glad if you could please share them with us.

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Possiano Teretere Wed, 07/11/2012 - 15:12 Permalink

Thanks for sharing

Dear Haruna, Thanks very much for sharing your experience Possiano

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Ssekatawa Isaac Wed, 14/11/2012 - 14:46 Permalink

Wood ash on tomatoes

My concern is about the practibility of this method on a large scale tomato production.

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Mustapha Haruna Mon, 19/11/2012 - 11:30 Permalink

Alternatives to wood ash

Dear Mr. Isaac, Thank you for your interest in this discussion and the question. The wood ash is actually applicable to a farm of any size provided you can get enough wood ash. In case you do not have enough wood ash, other methods ought to be explored and this brings me to my second question. Has anyone experience using other methods of controlling aphids on a tomato farm? Best regards, Mustapha

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Charles Ssemwogerere Wed, 21/11/2012 - 13:26 Permalink

Alternatives to wood Ash

Dear Haruna, Thanks for sharing on this technology of using wood ash to manage aphids, however, we do have other alternatives using locally available materials and these include; 1. Neem extracts: Neem acts as a repellant, insecticidal, antibacterial, antifungal, antifeedant, oviposition and growth inhibitor, crop and grain protectant. Neem deters/repels & kills many types of insect pests 2. Tobacco extract: The tobacco extract contains nicotine which kills by contact, and if inhaled or eaten, It is effective against soft bodied insects like aphids and many other pests. HOWEVER, this is not recommended for use by farmers due to the dangers associated with the use of Tobacco like diseases.

3. Tephrosia extract: Can also be used in the management of aphids and a wide range of other insect pests on plants 4. Pyrethrum extract: Especially extracts from the pyrethrum flowers, are good in managing a wide range of pests including aphids 5. Chilli extract or Chilli+Garlic+Onion extract: It is also good for a wide range insects including aphids, however chili is associated with wet leaf disease that can be spread to other plants 6. Ginger Extract: Extract from ginger has the capacity to kill and repel insect pests like aphids and many other pests 7. Ginger, garlic & chili extract 8. Gliricidia & neem leaves extract 9. Black jack seed/plant extract is helpful in killing insects such as aphids, cutworms and termites. 10. A Mixture of flour and water can also control aphids and other insect pests All the above extracts or mixture if carefully prepared, they can mitigate a wide range of insect pests and some diseases. I do have the preparations of each these if you are interested in any. And of course the last Option for Aphid control is use of any of the following Insecticides like Dudu-Acelamectin (Abamectin (0.3%) & Acelamiprid (1.8%); Dursban 4 EC (Chlorpyrifos 480g/lt); Malathion 50% EC; Lava (Dichlorvos 100% EC); Imaxi (Imidacloprid 200g/l); Carbofuran A.L 5%; Endosulfan 35% EC; Dimethoate 40% EC and so on. However, these have an effect on the environment and the natural enemies of aphids, and thus will interfere with the natural control of Aphids. This will therefore call for an Intergrated Pest Management strategy.

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Mustapha Haruna Mon, 26/11/2012 - 11:04 Permalink

Re: Alternatives to wood ash

Thanks a lot to Charles for sharing with us many other alternative ways of dealing with Aphids on a farm. I just have a few observations: Could you please describe how some of the extracts are prepared in case someone wants to try any of them? Second, could you share with us your experience or that of any farmer regarding the use of any of the methods?

Does anyone have experience using any of the methods suggested by Charles? We would be more than glad to read them. Regards, Mustapha

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Mustapha Haruna Fri, 04/01/2013 - 11:56 Permalink

Using Urine
Dear all, I wish to share with you this practice documented from Uganda by Grameen Foundation. It involves spraying a mixture of urine and ashes on crops about twice a week to prevent animals and pest. Please see details on http://teca.fao.org/read/7553 Thanks and best wishes for 2013

Mustapha

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Cine Varu Wed, 27/11/2013 - 15:14 Permalink

Thank you for the update, I

Thank you for the update, I will read more about this subject and I will be back with reviews!

- See more at: http://teca.fao.org/discussion/controlling-aphids-tomatoes-using-woodash#sthash.KmMT2bkL.dpuf

Using Urine and Ash to Control Pests and Diseases in Passion Fruit, Groundnuts, Maize and Potatoes
0 2 googleplus1 264 Possiano Teretere Thu, 22/03/2012 - 09:36 Dear members, I am called Possiano Teretere, and I work for Grameen foundation-Applab Uganda: Mobile Local Knowledge Base Project. As indicated in the recent News of this exchange group, we will share with you indigenous technologies and practices documented by members of our Uganda wide network of Community Knowledge Workers (CKW). We invite your feedback, questions, comments and sharing of similar experiences. Any additional information that can enrich the documentation will be used to improve the description of the practice and technology with the aim of sharing it not only with this exchange group but also through TECAs knowledge base (http://teca.fao.org/technologies) and through other dissemination channels. Today we will share with you the first indigenous practice; using urine and ash to control pests and diseases in passion fruit, groundnuts, maize and potatoes by one of our CKWs (described below) and would like to know from you: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What experiences/observations you have using this practice? On which crops and plant parts does it work best? For which pests or diseases does it work best and on which ones doesnt it work? Does it always work or only under certain weather and other environmental conditions? Do you use the same application or variants of it? What according to your experience needs to be added in the description to make it work well or better? Is there any missing information or concern that is important to be added? 7. In case you use a variant of the practice, what do you do differently? Do you add water and if yes which amount of water do you add? 8. Are there any risks involved in using this practice?

Description Using Urine and Ash to Control Pests and Diseases in Passion Fruit, Groundnuts, Maize and Potatoes Summary Pests and diseases cause a lot of economic loss to crop farmers. On top of reducing yield and lowering harvest quality, pest and disease control also increases production costs. It would be much cheaper for the farmer to prevent or take control measures as seen as a disease or pest is observed. A traditional practice in Uganda uses ash and urine to control pests and diseases. A description is provided how the practice can be used in passion fruits, groundnuts, maize and potatoes. Description Collect animal or human urine, put it in a bucket and keep it covered under shade for 3 days. After the 3 days, add 500g of ash for every 2 litres of urine. Keep the mixture covered for 3 more days. Application Shake the mixture well before us end apply it as follows:

To control aphids on passion fruit, spray infected plant parts as soon as the pest is seen and repeat the application after 14 days. To prevent Ground nut blight, spray the groundnuts 14 days after germination and a second spray 28 days after the first spray. To prevent maize stalk borer attack, spray the maize 4 to 6 weeks after planting. To prevent pest attack on potatoes and beans, spray when expecting pest attack especially during the dry season.

Authors testimony Anguyo Emmanuel is a Community Knowledge Worker with Grameen foundation Uganda offering Agricultural information to farmers in Masindi District. He has 10 passion fruit plants. One day he realized that the young leaves of his plants were folded, he observed critically, and realized that the plant was infested by aphids. He got 3 litres of urine, kept it for 3 days and added 1 and a half cup of wood ash. He continued keeping the mixture for 3 more days. Emmanuel had no spraying pump so he decided to use a broom to sprinkle the mixture on the infected plant parts. He repeated the application after 14days. The passion fruits are still healthy four months after he applied this concoction. After this success, Emmanuel started using the technology on other crops. He has succeeded using the same technology on beans, potatoes, maize and ground nuts.

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Karin Nichterlein Thu, 22/03/2012 - 17:47 Permalink

Information on reducing risks

Thank you Possiano for sharing the practice with us. I came across the "Practical Guidance on the Use of Urine in Crop Production". Although the guide deals with using urine alone as plant fertilizer not combining it with ash as treatment against pests and diseases, the content on treatment of urine and how to reduce risks to plants and humans might still be relevant, please see: http://www.ecosanres.org/pdf_files/ESR2010-1-PracticalGuidanceOnTheUseOf...

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Bruce Kisitu Fri, 23/03/2012 - 21:01 Permalink

Using Urine and Ash on Bananas

Thanks Possiano, its actually news to me that the urine and ash works well with other plants. Back home, We used to apply urine and ash on banana plants and we would only apply it around the plantain but never on the plant itself because my parents believed that it would burn and destroy the entire plant. So the question of the effect of urine and ash to humans especially where the practice is sprayed directly on the plant is still a question of concern. Some one more knowledgeable may share and help.

I also need to understand whether the Urine in the practice above is applied while concentrated or it has to be diluted with water or any other substance. And if we are to dilute it, any measurements? Thank you

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Possiano Teretere Mon, 16/04/2012 - 09:35 Permalink

NARO document with Urine and ash preparation

Thank you Karin and Bruce for sharing. Here I got a document by NARO on a wide range of indigenous technologies in pest and disease control. Ash and urine are also discussed. http://www.ajofai.info/Abstract/Organic%20pesticide%20from%20urine%20and...

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Bruce Kisitu Thu, 12/04/2012 - 18:40 Permalink

NARO document with Urine and ash preparation

The document attached mentions Urine and spice which in the Ugandan context is Ash. Some one in Kasese has just informed me that sometimes you need to soak the ash in water for some time before adding it with the fermented urine. She could not tell me why - all she knows is that's what they have been doing for a long time. So you sieve and add to the urine only that water from the soaked ash - very interesting. Someone with the same experience can let us know.

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Possiano Teretere Mon, 16/04/2012 - 10:15

Permalink

Right link to the NARO document with indigenous technologies

Bruce, below find the link to the document with ash and urine preparation for control of several crop pests. The previous was not the right link much as it had something about urine. http://www.arenet.or.ug/uploads/Mbarara%20Zardi%20Info%20Bk%20Part%20II%...

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Karin Nichterlein Tue, 10/04/2012 - 16:08 Permalink

Similar experiences on using ash and urine in crop protection?

Dear Members, Possiano shared with us a traditional method for managing crop diseases and pests documented and tested by one of Grameen's community knowledge workers. Do you have similar experiences in Uganda or elsewhere? If yes, could you share them with us? Thank you

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Charles Ssemwogerere Sat, 14/04/2012 - 17:22 Permalink

Urine and Ash formulation

Thank you Possiano for sharing this innovation, I am glad our farmers are now seeing the benefits of using locally available materials to mitigate pests and diseases. I have always known ash to be used for soil liming (neutralize soil acidity) and for traditional pest control for some

crawling insects like red ants way back in my village, but later I found out that this was due to its repelling effect. Also ash contains small quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus and around potassium. As I was doing my coursework sometime last year, I found out that urine has some anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties, thus it can control diseases like leaf spots, anthracnose and pests like scales, mealybugs. On the other hand a formulation of Ash & chili is also good if put in the funnels of crops like maize to control maize stalk borer. Thus basing on the science behind this innovation, I believe this ready to be published and encourage our farmers to use more of such innovations than the pesticides which these days are unreliable, poisonous and expensive.

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Bruce Kisitu Sun, 15/04/2012 - 13:21 Permalink

Ash and Chilli

Hi Charlse - interesting contribution. Just out of curiosity, Can I add ash and chilli into the urine and apply to the plants? Any measurements to use? Am sure this may help to enrich Possiano's technology. Many thanks

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Charles Ssemwogerere Mon, 16/04/2012 - 07:39 Permalink

Ash and Chilli

Hello Bruce, It is very possible to make Ash and Chilli powder formulations, and below is a sample of how this can be prepared. To prepare an ash-chili powder formulation, you first sieve the ash to remove the big particles and also dry about 50g of chili pepper. Grind the dried chili, and then mix 2 kg of ash with 50 g of powdered pepper. Apply a pinch of pepper powder and ash mixture to the funnel of the plant when pinholes on the maize leaves are found. This will control the maize stalk borer. This formulation is good enough for a 0.4 ha area. But it should be Note

that chili plants sometimes are infected with the pathogen that causes "wet leaf disease". So, be sure to choose healthy chili plants for making pesticide. Even with this precaution, using chili as a botanical pesticide might increase the risk of wet leaf disease especially during the rainy season. Also this powder formulation only targets a few pests like aphids, caterpillars, flies and mealybugs and it may be time consuming when appying to individual plants. This ash and chilli powder formulation should be used with caution, because the chili will irritate the skin, eyes, and nose; too much chilli can also burn plant leaves.

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Karin Nichterlein Fri, 20/04/2012 - 10:04 Permalink

Chilli/ash for which crops and where?

Dear Charles, thank you for sharing this formulation and treatment with us and also for giving instructions what needs to be considered to not spread diseases or irritate the body surface of the users. Could you please provide a bit more information, for which crops is it used, and in which region of Uganda or other countries? Can it applied repeately on the same crop? I found a cited reference referring to the application of ash chilli mixtures in Kenya to protect maize from large grain borer: http://www.infonet-biovision.org/default/ct/91/pests - See more at: http://teca.fao.org/discussion/using-urine-and-ash-control-pests-and-diseasespassion-fruit-groundnuts-maize-and#sthash.XCSBzWJu.dpuf ano Teretere Thu, 22/03/2012 - 09:36 Dear members, I am called Possiano Teretere, and I work for Grameen foundation-Applab Uganda: Mobile Local Knowledge Base Project. As indicated in the recent News of this exchange group, we will share with you indigenous technologies and practices documented by members of our Uganda

wide network of Community Knowledge Workers (CKW). We invite your feedback, questions, comments and sharing of similar experiences. Any additional information that can enrich the documentation will be used to improve the description of the practice and technology with the aim of sharing it not only with this exchange group but also through TECAs knowledge base (http://teca.fao.org/technologies) and through other dissemination channels. Today we will share with you the first indigenous practice; using urine and ash to control pests and diseases in passion fruit, groundnuts, maize and potatoes by one of our CKWs (described below) and would like to know from you: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What experiences/observations you have using this practice? On which crops and plant parts does it work best? For which pests or diseases does it work best and on which ones doesnt it work? Does it always work or only under certain weather and other environmental conditions? Do you use the same application or variants of it? What according to your experience needs to be added in the description to make it work well or better? Is there any missing information or concern that is important to be added? 7. In case you use a variant of the practice, what do you do differently? Do you add water and if yes which amount of water do you add? 8. Are there any risks involved in using this practice?

Description Using Urine and Ash to Control Pests and Diseases in Passion Fruit, Groundnuts, Maize and Potatoes Summary Pests and diseases cause a lot of economic loss to crop farmers. On top of reducing yield and lowering harvest quality, pest and disease control also increases production costs. It would be much cheaper for the farmer to prevent or take control measures as seen as a disease or pest is observed. A traditional practice in Uganda uses ash and urine to control pests and diseases. A description is provided how the practice can be used in passion fruits, groundnuts, maize and potatoes. Description Collect animal or human urine, put it in a bucket and keep it covered under shade for 3 days. After the 3 days, add 500g of ash for every 2 litres of urine. Keep the mixture covered for 3 more days. Application Shake the mixture well before us end apply it as follows:

To control aphids on passion fruit, spray infected plant parts as soon as the pest is seen and repeat the application after 14 days. To prevent Ground nut blight, spray the groundnuts 14 days after germination and a second spray 28 days after the first spray. To prevent maize stalk borer attack, spray the maize 4 to 6 weeks after planting. To prevent pest attack on potatoes and beans, spray when expecting pest attack especially during the dry season.

Authors testimony Anguyo Emmanuel is a Community Knowledge Worker with Grameen foundation Uganda offering Agricultural information to farmers in Masindi District. He has 10 passion fruit plants. One day he realized that the young leaves of his plants were folded, he observed critically, and realized that the plant was infested by aphids. He got 3 litres of urine, kept it for 3 days and added 1 and a half cup of wood ash. He continued keeping the mixture for 3 more days. Emmanuel had no spraying pump so he decided to use a broom to sprinkle the mixture on the infected plant parts. He repeated the application after 14days. The passion fruits are still healthy four months after he applied this concoction. After this success, Emmanuel started using the technology on other crops. He has succeeded using the same technology on beans, potatoes, maize and ground nuts.

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Bruce Kisitu Thu, 19/04/2012 - 10:28 Permalink

Ash and Chilli

Charles, thanks a lot for the elaborate Ash and Chilli formulation. Am sure it will benefit all of us. Now, please confirm that we cannot mix ash and chili with Urine.

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Possiano Teretere Fri, 27/04/2012 - 07:23

Permalink

Similar experiences from Community Knowledge Workers

Dear members, thanks for all your contributions. I asked some of our Community Knowledge Workers about this practice and captured some of their experiences. I have categorized this information according to the Districts and regions from which I got the information. FROM MUKONO DISTRICT IN CENTRAL UGANDA: To control banana bacterial wilt, keep urine in a covered container for one week, add one half litre cup of ash for every two litres of urine. Continue storing the mixture for another two weeks and then sprinkle two litres of the mixture on the stool of an infected banana. Two applications at an interval of two weeks are enough to control the disease. To control banana weevils, keep urine for two weeks, add one halt litre cup for every one and a half litre of urine and sprinkle two litres of the mixture on the infested banana stool. To control caterpillars on sweet potatoes, keep urine for two weeks, add one halt litre cup for every one and a half litre of urine, filter the mixture and use it to spray the potatoes. FROM KAPCHORWA IN EASTERN UGANDA: To control banana bacterial wilt, store urine for two weeks, add a half litre cup of ash for every two litres of urine and continue storing the mixture for another two weeks. Pour half a litre of this mixture on the stem from which a diseased plant has been cut. To control leaf rust on coffee, store urine for two weeks, add one half litre cup of ash for every two litres of urine and continue storing the mixture for another two weeks. Filter the mixture and spray it on the disease coffee plant. FROM MASINDI IN WESTERN UGANDA: To prevent termites from damaging cabbage, store urine for two weeks, add one half litre cup of ash to one litre of urine and store the mixture for another two weeks. Dilute the mixture with four litres of water for every one litre of urine used. Pour this mixture on the soil around the plant. To control banana weevils, mix two litres of urine with two half litre cups of ash, store the mixture for two days and pour it on the infested banana stool. FROM NWOYA DISTRICT IN NORTHERN UGANDA: To control aphids and goats from damaging oranges and jack fruit plants, add 20 table spoons of ash to one litre of urine. Filter the mixture and spray it on the plant twice a week. To control mealy bugs on jack fruit, store urine for two weeks, add one half litre cup of ash to one litre of urine and dilute the mixture with one litre of water. Filter the mixture and spray it on the infested plant. A single application is enough to kill the pests.

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Karin Nichterlein Thu, 03/05/2012 - 12:58 Permalink

Thank you very much for

Thank you very much for capturing the experiences using variants of the traditional pest control practice first described for Masindi District in different regions of Uganda and for various crops and pests. - See more at: http://teca.fao.org/discussion/using-urine-and-ash-control-pests-and-diseasespassion-fruit-groundnuts-maize-and?page=1#sthash.anuFRfcl.dpuf