TECHNICAL GLASS PRODUCTS, INC.

881 Callendar Blvd., Painesville Twp., Ohio 44077 PHONE: 440.639.6399 FAX: 440.639.1292 WEB: www.technicalglass.com EMAIL: [email protected]

SEMICONDUCTOR WARE PAGE 29

Fused Quartz Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Fused Quartz Tubing for Compression Fittings . . . . . . . . 17

FUSED QUARTZ TUBING PAGES 1617

How to Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 About Our Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Technical Information & Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Calculations, Formulas & Trace Impurities . . . . . . . . . . .9 Fused Quartz Transmittance Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Machined Quartz, Optical Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Machined Quartz, Equipment, Material Available . . . . . . . 11 Machined Quartz, Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Standard Fused Quartz, Polished Plates & Discs . . . . . . . 13 Standard Fused Quartz, Microscope Slides & Cover Slips . . .13 Machined Quartz, Scratch/Dig Specifications . . . . . . . . . 14 Fused Quartz Rod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Tubing Tolerances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Fused Quartz Specialty Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Specialty Quartz, Flat & Oval Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Specialty Quartz, Twin Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Specialty Quartz, Profiles & Bends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Specialty Quartz, Multi-hole Capillaries . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Specialty Quartz, Square & Rectangular Tubing . . . . . . . 19 Specialty Quartz, Precision Bore Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Specialty Quartz, Colored Quartz Tubing . . . . . . . . . . . 20

FUSED QUARTZ ROD PAGE 15 2

FUSED QUARTZ LABWARE PAGES 2125

Flat O-Ring Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Ball O-Ring Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

FUSED QUARTZ WOOL & FRITS PAGES 30-31

Specialty Quartz, Fused Quartz Cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Fused Quartz Labware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2125 Evaporating Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Round Dishes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Crucibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Graded Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Test Tubes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Stopcocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Boiling Flasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Distilling Flasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Kjeldahl Flasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Erlenmeyer Flasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Beakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Ball & Socket Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Conical Pipe Flange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Standard Taper Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Quartz Screwthreads & Caps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Opaque Fused Quartz Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Opaque Labware & Trays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Custom Design, Fabrication & Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Semiconductor Ware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Fused Quartz Wool & Frits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3031 Fused Quartz Usage Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

FUSED QUARTZ MICROSCOPE SLIDES PAGE 13

CUSTOM REQUIREMENTS
For custom requirements, please contact our sales department located in our Painesville Twp., Ohio location. Our mailing address is: Technical Glass Products, Inc. 881 Callendar Blvd. Painesville Twp., OH 44077

BY PHONE
Call our expert sales staff at 440.639.6399.

BY FAX
Fax your purchase order to us at 440.639.1292.

BY EMAIL
Email [email protected]

ON THE WEB
For standard items, we offer online ordering. Simply go to our website at www.technicalglass.com. Click on Order Online, Search Catalog, or on any item number link.

METHOD OF PAYMENT
We accept VISA, MasterCard, and American Express. We also offer Net 30 Day terms on company or university purchase orders with prior credit approval. Orders shipped outside of the U.S. and Canada will require payment prior to manufacturing and shipping.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

All purchase orders and shipments are subject to the terms and conditions listed below. Submission of an order to Technical Glass Products, Inc. is an acknowledgement that you have read, understand, and approve of these provisions.

METHOD OF SHIPMENT
TGP will ship via UPS unless otherwise indicated by the customer. UPS shipments will be prepaid and added to the invoice. (PP&A) FOB: Shipping point. (Customer takes ownership at our dock.)

COMMON CARRIER
If a shipment is too large for UPS, TGP will ship using the trucking company of the customers choice. All truck shipments will be shipped freight collect, FOB shipping point.

EXPORT SHIPMENTS
All export shipments will be FOB: EXWORKS Painesville, OH or Gonzales, LA.

BREAKAGE
Our expert shipping department takes every precaution to ensure that your parts will arrive intact. However, breakage sometimes occurs due to reasons beyond our control. If you should happen to receive a part that is damaged, please take the following steps: UPS shipments: Inspect all items for damage Retain all packaging materials Contact TGP immediately

Truck shipments: Contact carrier immediately Inspect all items for damage

Technical Glass Products, Inc., was founded in 1990 as a fabricator of Fused Quartz Glassware. Our commitment to excellence has resulted in TGP becoming Americas fastest growing supplier of stock shapes and fabricated products in the industry. Member Technical Glass Products is proud of its expertise, and we welcome the opportunity to supply all of your quartz needs.

For prompt evaluation and quotation of your project, please contact us at 440.639.6399 or visit our website at www.technicalglass.com

TGP has two manufacturing facilities, which allows us to maintain a broad inventory of labware, flat stock, rod and tubing. These items are all supported by the finest engineers, machinists and glass blowers in the industry. Therefore, we can strategically satisfy our customers requirements. We also excel in technical product assistance of all types including design, temperature ranges and purity level qualifications. Because of our state-of-the-art equipment and methods, we are capable of achieving the industrys most stringent standards and tolerances. Our products are always fully guaranteed for workmanship and quality.

Technical Glass Products specializes in custom fabrication of fused quartz products to your exact specifications. From small diameter apparatus to large diameter furnace tubes and bell jars, our experienced craftsmen have decades of experience that enables us to exceed your expectations for quality. Along with custom items, Technical Glass manufactures a wide range of standard labware including: Flasks Beakers Test Tubes Crucibles Dishes Technical Glass Products also offers a wide range of standard products for immediate shipment for your glassblowing needs: Tubing Rod Solids* Standard Taper Joints Ball & Socket Joints Flat O-ring Connectors GL Threaded Tubes Quartz Wool & Felt Fritted Discs Quartz to Pyrex Graded Seals *Solids include Discs, Plates, Flanges and other custom machined parts

Our headquarters, located in Painesville, Ohio, is an 11,000 square foot facility. It houses our sales office, Class 10000 cleanroom manufacturing area, and warehouse. Our second plant, in Gonzales, Louisiana, accommodates an additional 11,000 square feet of manufacturing and distribution space. We are known world wide for our quality, service and competitive pricing. We are world leaders in the fused quartz fabrication industry, and have the pleasure to be an authorized distributor and fabricator for a number of quartz raw material suppliers, including: Momentive Performance Materials (formerly GE Quartz) Philips Heraeus Qsil

Our goal at TGP is not only to meet all of your quality, service and pricing expectations, but also to exceed those expectations and become the quartz fabricator and distributor of choice for your company.

Technical Glass Products has the pleasure to be an authorized distributor and fabricator of many quartz suppliers.

PROPERTIES OF FUSED QUARTZ

Silica is found almost everywhere in nature, and represents almost 1/3 the mass of the earths crust. Vitreous Silica is the generic term used to describe all types of silica glass, and manufacturers refer to the material as either Fused Quartz or Fused Silica. Fused Quartz is manufactured by melting naturally occuring crystalline silica, such as sand or rock crystal. The production method is either electrically fused or flame fused. Afterward, items will appear transparent, translucent, or opaque; making it possible to create a wide range of products. Fused silica, commonly referred to as synthetic fused quartz, is produced using high purity silica sand that is manufactured

from SiCL 4. The finished products appearance will be transparent. Vitreous Silica, in all its forms, offers a variety of properties such as: Permeability Extreme Hardness Very Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Resistance to High Temperature High Chemical Purity High Corrosion Resistance Extensive Optical Transmission from Ultra-Violet to Infra-Red Excellent Electrical Insulation Qualities Remarkable Stability Under Atomic Bombardment

PROPERTY

TYPICAL VALUES

PROPERTY

TYPICAL VALUES

Density Hardness Design Tensile Strength Design Compressive Strength Bulk Modulus Rigidity Modulus Youngs Modulus Poissons Ratio Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20C 320C) Thermal Conductivity (20C) Specific Heat (20) Softening Point Annealing Point Strain Point Electrical Resistivity (350C)

2.2 x 103 kg/m3 5.56.5 Mohs Scale 570 KHN100 4.8 x 107 Pa (N/m2) (7,000 psi) > 1.1 x 109 Pa (160,000 psi) 3.7 x 1010 Pa (5.3 x 106 psi) 3.1 1010 Pa (4.5 x 106 psi) 7.2 x 1010 Pa (10.5 x 106 psi) 0.17 5.5 x 10-7 cm/cm C

Dielectric Properties (20C, 1 MHz) Constant Strength Loss Factor Dissipation Factor Index of Refraction Constringence (Nu value) Velocity of Sound-Shear Wave Velocity of Sound/ Compressional Wave Sonic Attenuation Permeability Constants (700C) Helium Hydrogen Deutrium Neon

3.75 5 x 107 V/m < 4 x 10-4 < 1 x 10-4 1.4585 67.56 3.75 x 103 m/s 5.90 x 103 m/s < 11 dB/m MHz (cm3 mm/cm2 sec cm Hg) 210 x 10-10 21 x 10-10 17 x 10-10 9. 5 x 10-10

1.4 W/m C 670 J/kg C 1683C 1215C 1120C 7 x 107 ohm cm

INTERNAL PRESSURE CALCULATIONS

Because fused quartz is used in applications involving internal pressures, it is helpful to know the maximum pressure that can be applied to a selected fused quartz tube. The formula below can approximate this information at room temperature. In addition, there are helpful calculator applications available on our website at www.technicalglass.com.
Look for the Toolbox and Book icons at technicalglass.com and choose an application from the menus below them. ELEMENT (PPM)

TRACE IMPURITIES
ELECTRICALLY FUSED ELECTRICALLY FUSED TUBING AND ROD INGOT (PPM) (PPM) FLAME FUSED INGOT (PPM) FUSED SILICA FLAME FUSED (PPB)

Ag Al As Au B Ba Be Bi Ca Cd Co Cr Cu Fe Ga K Li Mg Mn Mo Na Nd Ni P Sb Sr Th Ti U V Y Zn

14 <.002 <0.2 0.4 <0.01 <0.05 <0.05 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.1 <0.05 0.7 <0.1 <0.2 <0.003 1.1 0.8 <5

14 <.002 <0.2 0.4 <0.01 0.05 <0.05 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.1 <0.05 0.7 <0.1 <0.2 <0.003 1.1 0.8 <5

15 0.5 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.01 0.1 0.1 1.3 <0.1 1.3 170

<2 <25 <15 <1 <10 <1 <0.5 <0 <15 <0.3 <0.5 <1 <2 <20 <0.5 <5 <7.2 <5 <1 <1 <187 <5 <50 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <10 <1 <1 <5 <25 <1000PPM

RUPTURE FORMULA FOR TUBING

S = pr/t Where: S = Hoop Stress in Pa p = Working Pressure (Pa) t = Wall Thickness (mm)

r0 = Inside Radius (mm) This formula cannot be used when internal pressure exceeds 100 psi.

RUPTURE PRESSURE CALCULATIONS FOR DISCS AND PLATES

Determining pressure differential is required for many applications of stressed fused quartz discs, plates and sight glasses. The formulas below can be used for room temperature applications of parts having either clamped or unclamped edges: A = Unsupported Area in sq/inches T = Thickness (inches) F = Safety Factor (7) M = Modulus of Rupture (7,000 psi)

P = Pressure (psi)

The above pressure calculations are recommendations only. Actual pressure points may vary depending on user applications.

Zr OH

The curves in the figure below represent the average transmissions for a 10mm thick test sample for both commercial and optical grades. Fused quartz is very efficient for the

transmission of infrared radiation. Infrared transmission extends out approximately 4 micrometers, with little absorption in the water band at 2.73m.

FUSED QUARTZ AVERAGE TRANSMITTANCE CURVES

Tubing Fused Silica Optical Grade

Commercial Grade Fused Quartz

Optical Grade Fused Quartz

Fused Silica

Commercial Grade Tubing

10

GRINDING, LAPPING, & POLISHING

Technical Glass Products offers a variety of grinding, lapping and polishing services for a wide range of sizes, shapes and grades of Quartz and other glasses. Our machine capabilities include: Grinding & Polishing to 28" diameter O.D. Grinding to 24" diameter Centerless Grinding up to 4" diameter Milling Machines for special shapes Technical Glass Products manufactures to your specifications; offering all types of glass components in any quantities desired.

EQUIPMENT & CAPABILITIES

O.D. and I.D. Grinders Grinding & Polishing Core Drilling Cylindrical Polishing Centerless Grinding Custom Machining Lapping / Grinding Laser

Pitch Polishing Wire Sawing Surface Mills Blanchards Slicing Saws Full CNC Capabilities Boring Water Jet

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF FUSED QUARTZ

The optical properties of fused quartz allows you to choose between various types, because the degree of transparency defines material purity and the method of manufacture. Certain indicators are the UV cutoff and the presence or absence of bands at 245nm and 2.73m. The UV cutoff varies from 155 to 175nm for a 10mm thick test sample. The presence of transition metallic impurities will move the UV cutoff towards longer wavelengths.

MATERIAL AVAILABLE
Commercial Grade Fused Quartz Optical Grade Fused Quartz Fused Silica Opaque Fused Quartz

11

SYMBOL CHARACTERISTICS
SYMBOL CHARACTERISTIC STANDARD TOLERANCE

SURFACE QUALITY MIL SPEC. PRF-13830B 80/50

TOLERANCE BLOCK: INCHES MILLIMETERS(mm)

Flatness Straightness Circularity (Roundness) Cylindricity Perpendicularity (Squareness) Angularity Parallelism Profile of a Surface Profile of a Line Cincular Runout Total Runout Position Concentricity Symmetry

.005" .005" .010" .010" 1 1 .005" .030" .020" .010" .010" .020" .010" .010"

x. .x .xx .xxx ANGLE

= .040 = .030 = .010 = .005 = 1

x. .x .xx .xxx ANGLE

= 1mm = .75mm = .25mm = .13mm = 1

On inside sharp corners, R.125 preferred. Ex: Rectangular holes and corner contours.

STANDARD SURFACE FINISHES (MICRO-INCH) N6 N5 N4 N2 N2

32 16 9 2 2

D D

32 Rq (RMS) 16 Rq (RMS) 9 Rq (RMS) 2 Rq (RMS) 2 Rq (RMS)

Diamond finish Diamond finish Ground finish Ground & Polish finish Flame Polish finish

NOTE: These tolerances apply to machined ground only and mechanically polished parts only.

G MP FP

12

Polished Plates & Discs

Microscope Slides & Cover Slips

STANDARD FUSED QUARTZ POLISHED ITEMS

GROUND & POLISHED PLATES GROUND & POLISHED DISCS

STANDARD FUSED QUARTZ POLISHED ITEMS

MICROSCOPE SLIDES COVER SLIPS

LENGTH OF SIDES

DIAMETER

LENGTH

WIDTH

1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 1-3/4" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 3-1/2" 4" 4-1/2" 5" 5-1/2" 6"

x x x x x x x x x x x x x

1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 1-3/4" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 3-1/2" 4" 4-1/2" 5" 5-1/2" 6"

1" 1-1/4" 1-1/2" 1-3/4" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 3-1/2" 4" 4-1/2" 5" 5-1/2" 6"

1" 1" 2" 1" 3" 1" THICKNESS: 1mm

1" SQ. x .2 .05mm THICK 1" DIA. x .2 .05mm THICK

TOLERANCES
STANDARD*
PLATE Length: Width: Thickness: DISC Diameter: Thickness: .010" .010" .005" .010" .005" Radius: Bevel: Maximum Chip: Flatness: Parallelism: Scratch/Dig:

STANDARD THICKNESS: 1/16" , 1/8" , 1/4"

STANDARD* .030".060" .020".040" <.020" within .00011" per inch within .005" 80/50

Additional sizes available upon request.

* Special tolerances available.

13

SCRATCH/DIG SPECIFICATIONS
This parameter measures the allowable defects in a coating or on the surface of an optical element, and is specified as a numerical value. For example, a specification may read Scratch/ Dig=80/50 , explained as follows:

SCRATCH
Scratch numbers are the apparent widths of hairline scratches allowed in units of 0.001mm. A scratch number of 80 is really 0.08mm wide. Additionally, the combined length of maximumsize scratches on the surface of the lens in question cannot exceed 1/4 the diameter of the usable lens area.

DIG
Digs represent the apparent diameters of allowable defects such as bubbles, pinholes and inclusions on the surface of lens or coating. Digs are specified in units of 0.01mm, so a dig value of 50 is actually .5mm diameter allowable inclusion. The allowable number of maximum size digs within the useful area of the lens is one, and the sum of the diameters of all digs cannot exceed twice the diameter of the minimum size dig number specified.

SCRATCH SPECIFICATION
SCRATCH CLASS MAXIMUM WIDTH

DIG SPECIFICATION
DIG CLASS MAXIMUM DIAMETER

5 10 20 40 60 80 120

.00020 .00039 .00079 .00157 .00236 .00315 .00472

5 10 20 30 40 50 70 100

.0020 .0039 .0079 .0118 .0158 .0197 .0276 .0394

NOTES: 1. All class 5 and 10 digs must be separated by at least .040 inches. 2. The sum of the dig diameters must be less than 2 times the maximum dig diameter allowed within any .80 inch diameter.

14

Fused Quartz Rod

FUSED QUARTZ RODS

SIZE (mm) O.D. TOLERANCES OVALITY BOW SIZE* (mm) O.D. TOLERANCES OVALITY BOW

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 6.4 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0

.20mm .30mm .20mm .25mm .30mm .15mm .15mm .15mm .20mm .30mm 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5%

.10mm .12mm .15mm .10mm .10mm .10mm .10mm .10mm .10mm .10mm 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max.

1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long

18.0 19.0 20.0 22.0 25.0 26.0 27.0 28.0 29.0 30.0 31.0 32.0 33.0 34.0 35.0 36.0 37.0 38.0 40.0

1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5%

1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max. 1% max.

1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long 1.3mm / 1220mm long

PLEASE NOTE: Quartz Rod 26mm diameter and larger is subject to minimum case quantities. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.

15

Fused Quartz Tubing

FUSED QUARTZ TUBING

I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm) I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm) I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm) I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm) I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm) I.D. (mm) O.D. (mm)

1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.30 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.60 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.10 4.50 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.75

2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 6.30 4.00 5.00 6.00 8.00 8.00 6.00 6.35 8.00 10.00 9.10 7.00 7.25 8.00 9.00 10.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 13.00 9.00 9.60 10.40 9.75

8.00 8.00 8.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 9.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.50 10.50 10.50 11.00 11.00 12.00 12.00 12.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.50 14.00 14.00 14.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 16.00 16.00 16.00 17.00 17.00

10.00 11.00 12.00 11.00 11.80 13.00 15.00 12.00 13.00 14.00 12.75 13.00 15.80 13.00 15.00 14.00 15.00 16.00 15.00 15.80 16.00 16.20 19.00 16.00 18.00 19.00 17.00 18.00 20.00 18.00 19.00 20.00 19.00 20.00

18.00 18.00 18.00 18.00 19.00 19.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 20.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 26.00 26.00 27.00 28.00 28.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 32.00 32.00 34.00 34.00

20.00 20.50 21.00 21.60 22.00 25.00 22.00 22.50 23.00 24.00 24.50 25.00 24.00 24.50 25.00 25.80 26.00 28.00 30.00 27.00 28.00 28.80 29.00 30.00 30.00 31.00 32.00 33.00 34.00 36.00 35.00 38.00 37.00 38.00

35.00 35.00 36.00 37.00 38.10 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 42.00 42.00 44.00 45.00 46.00 47.00 48.00 50.00 50.00 52.00 53.00 55.00 57.00 60.00 60.00 63.00 64.00 65.00 66.00 70.00 70.00 73.00 75.00 80.00 85.00

38.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 42.10 43.00 44.00 45.00 46.00 45.00 46.00 48.00 48.00 50.00 50.00 52.00 54.00 55.00 58.00 57.00 59.00 61.00 64.00 65.00 67.00 68.00 69.00 70.00 74.00 75.00 77.00 80.00 85.00 90.00

90.00 95.00 101.60 101.60 105.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 130.00 130.00 135.00 135.00 140.00 140.00 145.00 145.00 150.00 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 165.00 170.00 170.00 176.00 178.00 180.00 184.00 184.00 190.00

95.00 100.00 106.60 114.30 110.00 117.70 115.00 120.00 127.70 125.00 130.00 135.00 136.00 142.70 141.00 147.70 146.00 152.70 151.00 157.70 156.00 162.70 161.00 166.00 171.00 177.70 176.00 182.70 184.00 185.00 192.70 190.00 196.70 196.00

195.00 200.00 203.00 208.00 211.00 215.00 215.00 220.00 220.00 220.00 221.00 225.00 227.00 230.00 230.00 235.00 240.00 241.00 241.00 245.00 250.00 257.00 260.00 265.00 270.00 290.00 300.00 306.00 320.00

201.00 206.00 211.00 216.00 221.00 221.00 225.00 226.00 228.00 230.00 229.00 235.00 235.00 236.00 240.00 245.00 246.00 249.00 251.00 253.00 260.00 265.00 268.00 275.00 280.00 300.00 309.00 315.00 330.00

PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes of Fused Quartz Tubing are available upon request. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.

16

FUSED QUARTZ TUBING FOR COMPRESSION TYPE FITTINGS

O.D. INCHES O.D. MILLIMETERS

TUBING TOLERANCES
DIAMETER DIAMETER DIAMETER OUT OF ROUND WALL RANGE REFERENCE NOMINAL % OF O.D. THICKNESS (mm) % MAXIMUM SIDING MAXIMUM % WALL BOW 1200 (mm) LENGTH (mm)

1/4 3/8 1/2 5/8

6.35 9.50 12.70 15.80

UP TO 5.9 635 35.179.9 80150 151189 190 UP

O.D. O.D. O.D. O.D. O.D. O.D.

2.5% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%

2% 1.5% 1.5% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2%

10% 10% 10% 10% 20% 25%

10% 10% 10% 20% 20% 20%

2 2 2 3 3 3

3.2 3.2 6.4 6.4 9.5 12.7

FLAT AND OVAL TUBING

Oval & Flat Tubing

TWIN TUBES

Twin Tubes

17

PROFILES AND BENDS

Proles and bends are available in various shapes.

MULTI-HOLE CAPILLARIES
With 2, 3, 4 and more holes. Other sizes and tolerances are available upon request. Inner diameter range is 0.4mm to 2mm. Outer diameter range is .5mm to 30mm.

18

Square & Rectangular Tubing

RECTANGULAR TUBING CLEAR FUSED QUARTZ

RECTANGLE SIZE I.D. (mm) STANDARD WALL THICKNESS

SQUARE TUBING CLEAR FUSED QUARTZ

SQUARE SIZE I.D. (mm) WALL (mm) SQUARE SIZE I.D. (mm) WALL (mm)

2x4 3x5 3x7 3x9 4x6 4x8 5x7 5x9 6x8 6 x 10 7x9 7 x 11 7 x 13 8 x 12

1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm 1.3 mm

0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6

0.25 0.50 0.75 0.75 1.3 1.3 1.3

7 8 9 10 12 13 14

1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

WALL TOLERANCE
NOMINAL WALL TOLERANCE

PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.

0.25 mm 0.50 mm 0.75 mm 0.90 mm 1.30 mm 1.75 mm

0.15 mm 0.25 mm 0.30 mm 0.30 mm 0.50 mm 0.50 mm

PRECISON BORE TUBING

The manufacturing of Precision Bore Tubing involves the heating and softening of standard tubing over a precision mandrel when precise tolerances are required. The final product is formed as the tube is pulled over the mandrel.

WHEN ORDERING
Because we provide a wide range of Precision Bore Tubing, we cannot list all that is available. Please call or write us with your specific requirements. Size availability up to 2.75" Tolerances available as tight as .002"

19

COLORED QUARTZ

FUSED QUARTZ CYLINDERS

20

Evaporating Dishes

Graded Seals Quartz To Pyrex

Crucibles With Lids

Round Dishes

Test Tubes

Stopcocks

CAPACITY (cc)

EVAPORATING DISHES
DIAMETER (mm)

HEIGHT (mm)

GRADED SEALS QUARTZ TO PYREX

I.D. x O.D. (mm) I.D. x O.D. (mm)

I.D. x O.D. (mm)

25 50 75 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

50 65 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160

25 33 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80

2x4 3x5 4x6 5x7 6x8 7x9 8 x 10 9 x 11 10 x 12 11 x 13 12 x 14 13 x 15

14 x 16 15 x 17 16 x 18 17 x 19 18 x 20 20 x 23 22 x 25 25 x 28 27 x 30 30 x 33 32 x 35 35 x 38

37 x 40 38 x 42 40 x 43 42 x 45 45 x 48 46 x 50 48 x 52 50 x 54 55 x 59 60 x 64 65 x 69 70 x 74

APPROXIMATE CAPACITY(cc)

ROUND DISHES
DIAMETER (mm)

HEIGHT (mm)

APPROXIMATE CAPACITY(cc)

TEST TUBES w/LIP

INSIDE DIAMETER(mm)

HEIGHT (mm)

20 35 65 75 100 120 125

55 60 70 89 100 110 127

15 15 15 15 15 15 15

10 20 35 95

12 15 18 25

100 125 150 200

CAPACITY TOP BASE HEIGHT (cc) DIAMETER(mm) DIAMETER(mm) (mm)

CRUCIBLES w/LIDS
28 36 43 50 62 14 17 22 22 35

STOPCOCKS STRAIGHT BORE

BORE (mm) SIDE ARM O.D. (mm)

10 20 30 50 100

30 40 38 48 66

2 4 6 8

8 10 12 16

PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.

21

Boiling Flasks

Boiling Flasks With Outer Joint

Distilling Flasks

Kjeldahl Flasks

CAPACITY (cc)

GLOBE DIA. (mm)

BOILING FLASKS
OVERALL ROUND HT. (mm) OVERALL FLAT HT. (mm)

NECK DIA. (mm)

NECK LENGTH (mm)

CAPACITY GLOBE OVERALL (cc) DIA. HEIGHT (mm) (mm)

DISTILLING FLASKS
NECK DIA. (mm)

NECK SIDE TUBE SIDE TUBE LENGTH DIA. LENGTH (mm) (mm) (mm)

10 25 50 100 125 150 200 250 500 750 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

30 40 52 65 69 74 79 86 102 124 136 149 162 183 202 218 230

50 65 77 95 101 108 115 126 159 214 231 249 272 333 367 393 415

47 62 74 91 96 103 110 120 150 206 221 238 260 320 353 378 398

17 20 22 22 24 25 27 28 34 34 34 38 40 44 44 50 50

20 25 25 30 32 34 36 40 50 90 95 100 110 150 165 175 185

10 25 50 100 125 150 200 250 500 750 1000 1500 2000 3000

30 40 52 65 69 74 79 86 109 124 136 149 169 183

95 100 122 155 163 170 181 192 254 284 301 319 340 373

15 19 19 19 19 22 24 24 26 26 28 30 32 32

65 70 70 90 94 96 102 106 145 160 165 170 178 190

6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 11 11 11 11

100 100 110 110 110 110 130 130 130 130 140 140 140 140

BOILING FLASKS W/T s OUTER JOINT

CAPACITY JOINT GLOBE OVERALL OVERALL NECK NECK (cc) SIZE DIAMETER ROUND HT. FLAT HT. DIAMETER LENGTH (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) CAPACITY (cc)

KJELDAHL FLASKS
GLOBE DIAMETER (mm) OVERALL HEIGHT (mm) NECK DIAMETER (mm) NECK LENGTH (mm)

50 100 125 150 200 250 500 750 1000 1500 2000

19/38 24/40 24/40 24/40 24/40 24/40 24/40 29/42 29/42 29/42 29/42

52 65 69 74 79 86 102 124 136 149 162

117 132 136 141 146 153 176 231 243 256 269

114 128 132 136 141 147 168 223 233 245 257

22 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 34 34 34 34

65 67 67 67 67 67 67 107 107 107 107

50 100 250 300 500 650 750 800

41 56 70 80 96 104 108 110

171 199 250 289 308 318 323 326

20 20 25 27 30 30 33 35

130 130 180 190 190 190 190 190

PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.

22

Erlenmeyer Flasks

Erlenmeyer Flasks With Outer Joint

Low Form Beakers

Tall Form Beakers

CAPACITY (cc)

BASE DIAMETER (mm)

ERLENMEYER FLASKS
OVERALL HEIGHT (mm)

NECK DIAMETER (mm)

NECK LENGTH (mm)

CAPACITY (cc)

BEAKERS LOW FORM

BASE DIAMETER (mm)

OVERALL HEIGHT (mm)

10 25 50 100 150 200 250 300 500 750 1000 1500 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

30 40 49 67 71 83 84 93 109 127 138 152 166 200 220 236 248

51 67 85 110 122 138 146 156 194 224 232 264 288 320 360 390 410

10 13 15 22 24 28 30 34 34 37 40 45 48 50 52 54 56

13 17 21 25 30 30 30 36 40 52 58 64 70 76 80 86 90

10 25 50 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 800 1000 1500 2000 2500 4000

25 33 45 51 59 64 67 74 80 84 90 100 107 132 138 142 160

32 45 50 62 76 84 86 92 105 112 119 127 140 152 168 190 254

ERLENMEYER FLASKS W/T s OUTER JOINT

CAPACITY (cc) JOINT SIZE GLOBE DIAMETER (mm) OVERALL HEIGHT (mm) NECK DIAMETER (mm) NECK LENGTH (mm)

BEAKERS TALL FORM

CAPACITY (cc) BASE DIAMETER (mm) OVERALL HEIGHT (mm)

50 100 200 250 300 500 750 1000 1500 2000

19/38 24/40 24/40 24/40 24/40 24/40 29/42 29/42 29/42 29/42

49 67 83 84 93 109 127 138 152 166

129 132 175 183 187 221 241 243 269 287

22 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 34 34 34 34

65 67 67 67 67 67 69 69 69 69

PLEASE NOTE: Additional sizes are available upon request for items on this page. Please call 440.639.6399 for availability.

10 25 50 100 150 200 250 300 400 500 600 1000

22 29 35 45 49 54 57 61 68 74 77 92

45 57 73 89 102 111 118 124 140 146 168 181

23

Ball & Socket Joints

Ball O-Ring Joints

Flat O-Ring Connectors

Conical Pipe Flange

SIZE

TUBE GROUND BALL I.D. x O.D.(mm) DIAMETER(mm)

BALL & SOCKET JOINTS

6 6 8 9.5 11.8 15 18 23 28.8 28.8 34 45 55 80 12 12 12 18 18 28 28 35 35 40 50 65 75 102 4 4 4 4-1/2 4-1/2 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6

OVERALL LENGTH (inches)

A (mm)

SIZE

FLAT O-RING CONNECTORS

TUBE I.D. x O.D.(mm) OVERALL LENGTH (inches)

O-RING SIZE (mm)

12/2 12/3 12/5 18/7 18/9 28/12 28/15 35/20 35/25 40/25 50/30 65/40 75/50 102/75

2x 3x 5x 7x 9x 12 x 15 x 20 x 25 x 25 x 30 x 40 x 50 x 75 x

12 12 12 18 18 28 28 35 35 40 50 65 75 102

5 7 9 12 15 20 25 30 40 50 75 100 125 150 200

5x8 7 x 9.5 9 x 11.8 12 x 15 15 x 18 20 x 23.6 25 x 28.8 30 x 34 40 x 43 50 x 55 75 x 80 101.6 x 106.6 125 x 130 150 x 156 203 x 211

4 4-1/2 4-1/2 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

2-110 2-111 2-112 2-116 2-116 2-214 2-124 2-223 2-226 2-229 2-341 2-349 2-355 2-362 2-371

SIZE

BALL O-RING JOINTS

TUBE I.D. x O.D.(mm) O-RING SIZE (mm)

OVERALL LENGTH (inches)

CONICAL PIPE FLANGE

FLANGE SIZE FLANGE O.D.

12/2 12/3 12/5 18/7 18/9 28/12 28/15 35/20 35/25 40/25 50/30 65/40 75/50 102/75

2x6 3x6 5x8 7 x 9.5 9 x 11.8 12 x 15 15 x 18 20 x 23 25 x 28.8 25 x 28.8 30 x 34 40 x 45 50 x 55 75 x 80

011 011 011 112 112 116 116 120 120 124 128 137 142 153

4 4 4 4-1/2 4-1/2 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6

1/4 1/2 3/4 1 1-1/2

3/4 1 1-17/64 1-9/16 2-1/8

24

Standard Taper Joints

Quartz Screwthreads & Cap Open Ended Quartz Tube

SIZE INNER JOINT OUTER JOINT GROUND OVERALL A B I.D. x O.D. I.D. x O.D. LENGTH LENGTH (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (inches)

STANDARD TAPER JOINTS

5x8 5x8 7 x 10 7 x 10 9 x 13 12 x 15 15 x 18 18 x 21.6 25 x 28.8 30 x 34 34 x 38 40 x 45 46 x 50 50 x 55 55 x 59 60 x 65 70 x 75 75 x 80 95 x 101 105 x 110 125 x 131 135 x 141 145 x 151 150 x 156 160 x 166 184 x 90 200 x 206 208 x 216 220 x 226 12 20 15 25 30 30 35 38 40 42 45 50 50 50 50 60 60 50 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 70 60 60 60 4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

STD TAPER JOINTS MEDIUM LENGTH

SIZE

INNER JOINT OUTER JOINT GROUND OVERALL A B I.D. x O.D. I.D. x O.D. LENGTH LENGTH (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (inches)

5/12 5/20 7/15 7/25 10/30 12/30 14/35 19/38 24/40 29/42 34/45 40/50 45/50 50/50 55/50 60/50 71/60 86/50 103/60 115/60 135/60 145/60 155/60 160/60 175/60 200/70 210/60 220/60 230/60

3x5 3x5 4x6 4x6 6x8 7 x 9.5 9 x 11.8 12 x 15 18 x 21.6 20 x 24 25 x 28.8 35 x 38 38 x 42 42 x 46 46 x 50 50 x 55 60 x 65 75 x 80 90 x 95 105 x 110 130 x 135 135 x 141 145 x 151 150 x 156 160 x 166 184 x 90 200 x 206 208 x 216 220 x 226

5 5 7 7 10 12 14 19 24 29 34 40 45 50 55 60 71 86 103 115 135 145 155 160 175 200 210 220 230

12 20 15 25 30 30 35 38 40 42 45 50 50 50 50 50 60 50 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 70 60 60 60

10/18 12/18 14/20 19/22 24/25 29/26 34/28 40/35

6x8 7 x 9.6 9 x 11.8 12 x 15 18 x 21.6 20 x 24 25 x 28.8 35 x 38

9 x 13 12 x 15 15 x 18 18 x 21.6 25 x 28.8 30 x 34 34 x 38 40 x 45

18 18 20 22 25 26 28 35

4 4 4 4 4.5 4.5 4.5 5

10 12 14 19 24 29 34 40

18 18 20 22 25 26 28 35

SIZE GL

QUARTZ SCREWTHREADS & CAPS

TUBE O.D. (mm) WALL (mm) LENGTH (mm)

CAP SIZE GL

14 18 25 32 45

1.5 12 1.8 16 1.8 22 1.5 28 2.0 38

110 110 110 150 180

14 18 25 32 45

25

OPAQUE FUSED QUARTZ

The opaque quality comes from quartz sands of high purity when reduced to a molten state at a temperature of approximately 2000 C. The high temperature produces a vitreous material characterized by the presence of a multitude of gaseous microbubbles. These bubbles diffract light, giving the material its opacity. The term opaque silica is mainly used for molded or centrifuged parts, while the product obtained by drawing is normally referred to as translucent.

Opaque silica glass offers a number of exceptional properties, such as: Extreme Hardness Low Expansion Excellent High Temperature Resistance Extreme Chemical Purity Excellent Corrosion Resistance Excellent Electrical Insulation Properties Remarkable Stability Under Atomic Bombardment

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Specific Density (according to fusion process) Hardness (Mohs scale) Rupture stress: traction compression 1.98 to 2.12 7 2.107 5.108 Dielectric constants Dielectric rigidity Loss coefficient at 1 MHz

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
V.m-1 3.5 5.106 20.10-4

N.m-2 N.m-2

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
SiO2 content Element content (typical analysis) Fe Ti Al Ca Mg Na K Li % ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm 99.8 70 100 220 40 11 25 40 5 Linear expansion coefficient Specific heat at 20 C Heat conductivity at 20 C Annealing point Softening point

THERMAL PROPERTIES
K-1 J.kg-1.K-1 W.m-1.K-1 C C 5.4.10-7 7.5.102 1.05 1120 1650

26

OPAQUE LABWARE & TRAYS

COMBUSTION BOAT WITH HANDLE
SIZE (inches) L x W x H

3 4

x x

5/8 3/4

x x

3/8 7/16

PLEASE NOTE: Translucent tubing is available in a number of sizes. Combustion Boat With Handle Pricing is available upon request. Please call 440.639.6399 for more information.

RECTANGULAR TRAYS
SIZE (inches) L x W x H

Rectangular Trays

4 6 6 6 6 6 6.18 7 7.7 8 8 9.25 10 10 10.25 12 12 12 13 13.6

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

2 2 3 3 3.5 6 3.82 4 7.9 4 6 2.6 3.7 7 6 6 6 8 6 9.8

x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x

1 1.5 2 2.5 1.25 3.9375 .984 1 1.5 2 5 1 1 .875 4 1 4 4.7 1.4 1.2

Additional sizes are available upon request. Please call 440.639.6399 for more information.

27

CUSTOM DESIGN, FABRICATION & REPAIR

Technical Glass Products is one of Americas leading fabricators of Fused Quartz products. TGP is also a custom job shop that provides precision tolerance fabrication and machining of products to your specifications. We pride ourselves on the unique methods and equipment we have developed for the production and/or repair of quartzware. In addition, we offer our customers low-cost, time-saving alternatives. If you need help in the area of custom fabrication or repairs, please contact us for a no-obligation evaluation of your project.

We have provided our services to numerous industries, some of which are listed below: Semiconductor Fiber Optic Medical Lamp Manufacturers Chemical Environmental Testing Compound Semiconductor Aerospace Water Purification Steel Petroleum Laser Technology Infrared Heating Solar

28

SEMICONDUCTOR GRADE FUSED QUARTZ

Fused quartz, with its combination of high purity and mechanical stability at high temperatures, is the ideal material used in the processing of silicon wafers. Technical Glass Products uses only the highest grade raw materials, offering contaminant levels less than 25 ppm. Quartz tubing is available in a number of sizes up to 400 mm, with excellent diameter and wall-thickness tolerances. We offer a full range of fabricated semiconductor ware, along with design assistance from our technical staff. At right is a list of some of the items we manufacture:

Plasma Chambers Tanks Lattice Trays Epitaxial Systems Hanger Supports Pedestals Removable Baffles Diffusion Tubes White Elephants End Caps Diffusion Boats

Sensor Sheaths Bell Jars Pull Rods Storage Tubes Boat Holders Boat Holder Inserts Thermocouple Sleeves Paddle Systems Sleds Wheeled Carriers

29

FUSED QUARTZ WOOL

Fused Quartz Wool has the same properties as pure quartz glass. The fibers are non-flammable and incombustible. The fibers maintain their usable mechanical properties up to 1050C. Fused Quartz Wool is available in the following forms:

Coarse Fine Wool Felts

Quartz Felt

COARSE 9 m NOMINAL WOOL

Bulk Wool consists of woven basic fibers between 5m and 15m. The arrangement of the fibers gives the wool its curly appearance, which prevents compression of the material and improves the desired insulating qualities. The fibers are flexible and have excellent torsion and bending resistance. Standard specifications are: Size Before Rolling & Pressing L 3700mm x W 1600mm x H 150mm Unit Weight .5 lb. bags 1.1 lb. bags

FELTS (MATS)
A Felt is quartz wool that has been impregnated with a starch binder to provide a stable sheet that can be handled, cut or fabricated to exact sizes. The binder can be removed by heating the Felt to 900F for 1 hour, or 500F for 24 hours. Binder content on the Felt is 45% by weight. Standard specifications are: Sizes 1000mm x 1000mm 1000mm x 500mm 500mm x 500mm Thickness Weight Density 5mm (0.2 in) 80 g/m (2.3 oz/yd) 0.016 g/cm (1 lb/ft)

Other sizes available upon request. Maximum size is 3000mm x 1000mm.

FINE 4 m NOMINAL WOOL

Fine Wool consists of woven basic fibers between 1.5m and 7m. This product was developed to meet severe technical specifications required by markets that demand a larger specific area. Therefore, this wool offers more efficient thermal conductivity than our standard bulk wool. Unit Weight 10 grams .5 lb. bags

Quartz Wool

30

POROSITY
Choosing the correct porosity is key for success in working with glass filters. These frits vary in porosity according to grades that are expressed as 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. The table below shows the various fields of application for each grade of porosity. The pore size indicates the the largest pore in the disc, as well as the the diameter of the smallest particle retained during filtration.

FRITTED DISC APPLICATIONS

POROSITY) NOMINAL MAXIMUM PORE SIZE () EXAMPLE FIELDS OF APPLICATION

Quartz Frits

00

200300

Liquid and gas distribution

QUARTZ FRITS
A frit is defined as a porous filter composed of bonded grains of quartz glass. Frits are manufactured from the same high purity raw material as our tubing and rod. Some applications of fritted discs include filtration of liquids or corrosive gas, heat diffusion, flow regulation, and chemically inert and high purity applications.

150200

Gas distribution Gas distribution in liquids at low pressure Filtration of very coarse precipitates

DIAMETER (mm)

THICKNESS (mm)

QUARTZ FRITS
00

1
POROSITIES AVAILABLE 0 1 2 3 4

90150

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

23 23 35 35 35 35 35 46 46 46 46 46 46

Coarse filtration, Filtration of coarse precipitates, gas distribution in liquids Liquid distribution, coarse gas filtration Extraction apparatus for coarse grain minerals Loose filter layer substrates for gelatinous precipitates Preparatory fine filtration Preparatory work with crystalline precipitates Mercury filtration

4090

1540

Analytical filtration Analytical work with medium-fine precipitates Preparatory work with fine precipitates Filtration in cellulose chemistry, fine gas filtration Extraction apparatus for fine-grained minerals Analytical fine filtration, Analytical work with very fine precipitates (e.g., BaSO4, Cu2O) Preparative work with precipitates of appropriate fineness Non-return and stop valves for mercury

AVERAGE POROSITY
POROSITY PORE SIZE POROSITY PORE SIZE

415

00 0 1

200300 micron 150200 micron 90150 micron

2 3 4

4090 micron 1540 micron 415 micron

31

CLEANING
The cleaning of fused quartz is critical before it is used in any application. The fused quartz should be cleaned by placing it in a 7% maximum solution of Ammonium Bifluoride for no more than ten (10) minutes, or a 10% volume maximum solution of Hydrofloric Acid for no more than five (5) minutes. After cleaning, using the above method, the fused quartz should be rinsed in deionized or distilled water and then dried. To further reduce the possibility of contamination, care should be used in handling fused quartz. The use of clean cotton gloves at all times is essential.

WHEN JOINING FUSED QUARTZ AND OTHER MATERIALS

Quartz and silica glass only slightly expand with increases in temperature compared to other materials. Care must be taken when these glass products are connected to other materials and the temperature rises, in order to avoid the development of cracks.

CARE MUST BE TAKEN DURING FURNACE INSERTION

Quartz and silica glass feature low thermal conductivity. If the glass product comes too close to a heating element, or is put in direct contact with a flame, it may become locally heated and develop cracks. Long glass tubes may also deform at temperatures of 1100C or higher. Care should be taken to support both glass types, especially large-sized products.

RUNNING IN PROCEDURE
In order to increase resistance to devitrification and sag of your quartzware, an even layer of cristobalite must be formed on the O.D. of quartz tubes. Expose a new tube to a temperature of up to 1200C and rotate it 90 every two (2) hours for the first 12 to 24 hours.

STORAGE
Space permitting, fused quartz should be stored in its original shipping container. If that is not practical, at least the wrapping should be retained. In the case of tubing, the end coverings should be kept in place until the product is used. This protects the ends from chipping and keeps out dirt and moisture which could compromise the purity and performance of the tubing.

DEVITRIFICATION
Devitrification of quartz and silica glass means transition from a metastable (vitrified) state to a stable crystallized state of cristobalite. Devitrification occurs when the product is used at high temperatures over a long period of time, or it is heated while impurities adhere to its surface. Even very small impurities on the surface can have a major influence. Under such conditions, devitrification may even occur at temperatures of 1000C or less. This hardly ever occurs at temperatures of 1150C or less, if the glass surface is perfectly clean. Devitrification usually starts when the temperature rises to 1200C or higher, then further develops as the temperature increases.

BECAUSE THE PRODUCTS ARE ANNEALED

Both quartz and silica glass are annealed at approximately 1150C. However, they reach a strain point at about 1120C. These glass products, if rapidly cooled after use at temperatures above this strain point, will develop strain again. Special care should be taken when using large sized products.

SPECIAL HANDLING & PRECAUTIONS

When handling, always wear clean, lint free gloves or powder free latex gloves. Be sure to avoid direct contact of the glass with bare hands. The skins natural salts contain alkali metal elements such as sodium and potassium that speed devitrification.

32