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TALAT Lecture 2301: Design of Members Example 3.1 Deflection of Class 4 Cross Section

[1] The document provides an example calculation for determining the deflection of a class 4 aluminum cross section beam under bending loads. Key dimensions, material properties, and applied loads are given. [2] Calculations are shown to check for local buckling in the web and flanges based on equations from referenced standards. The effective cross sectional properties accounting for local buckling are then determined. [3] Bending stiffness properties of the gross and effective cross sections are calculated, including second moments of area. The maximum bending moment is found using load combinations from another referenced standard.

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266 views

TALAT Lecture 2301: Design of Members Example 3.1 Deflection of Class 4 Cross Section

[1] The document provides an example calculation for determining the deflection of a class 4 aluminum cross section beam under bending loads. Key dimensions, material properties, and applied loads are given. [2] Calculations are shown to check for local buckling in the web and flanges based on equations from referenced standards. The effective cross sectional properties accounting for local buckling are then determined. [3] Bending stiffness properties of the gross and effective cross sections are calculated, including second moments of area. The maximum bending moment is found using load combinations from another referenced standard.

Uploaded by

CORE Materials
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike (BY-NC-SA)
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TALAT Lecture 2301

Design of Members

Local Buckling

Example 3.1 Deflection of class 4 cross section

5 pages

Advanced Level

prepared by Torsten Höglund, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm

Date of Issue: 1999


 EAA - European Aluminium Association

TALAT 2301 – Example 3.1 1


Example 3.1 Deflection of class 4 cross section

Dimensions and material properties

Total height: h 350 . mm


Flange depth: b 110 . mm
Flange thickness: tf 10 . mm
Web thickness: tw 5 . mm
Span: L 7.2 . m
Width of web plate:
bw h 2 .t f b w = 330 mm

[1] Table 3.2b Alloy: EN AW-6082 T6 EP/O t > 5 mm


f 0.2 260 . MPa E 70000 . MPa
fo f 0.2

Distributed loads
Characteristic values

2.0 . kN . m
1
Permanent load q p.roof
4.0 . kN . m
1
Snow load q k.roof

S.I. units kN 1000 . newton kNm kN . m MPa 1000000 . Pa

References
[1] ENV 1999-1-1. Eurocode 9 - Design of aluminium structures - Part 1-1: General rules. 1997
[2] ENV 1991-1. Eurocode 1 - Basis of design and actions on structures -
Part 1: Basis of design. 1994

Comment: To calculate the deflections a fictitious second moment of area I fic according to [1] 4.2.4 is used.
The second moment of area of the effective cross section in the ultimate limit state I eff with allowance for local
buckling is then needed.

σ gr
[1] (4.2) I fic I gr . I I eff
gr
fo

TALAT 2301 – Example 3.1 2


Local buckling
bw
a) Web g 0.4 β w g. β w= 26.4
tw
250 . MPa
[1] Tab. 5.1 ε ε = 0.981 β 3w 18 . ε β 3w= 17.65
Heat treated, fo
welded web class w if β w
> β 3w , 4 , 3 class w = 4

[1] 5.4.5 Reduction factor:


β w 29 198
ρ cw if 18 , 1.0 , t w.ef if class w 4 , t w . ρ cw, t w
ε β w β w
2

ε ρ cw= 0.804 t w.ef = 4.0 mm


ε
b) Flanges
b tw
[1] 5.4.3 ψ 1 g 1 β f g. β =f 5.25
Heat treated 2 .t f
unwelded flange β 3f 6 . ε β 3f= 5.883

[1] Tab. 5.1 class f if β >f β 3f , 4 , 3 class f = 3

[1] 5.4.5 Reductionfactor: class f = 3 ρ cf 1 t f.ef tf

Classification of the total cross-section: class if class f > class w , class f , class w class = 4

c) Flange induced buckling

[1] 5.12.9 Elastic moment resistance utilized k 0.55 f of fo


.
bw k .E . b w t w
[1] (5.115) LS = = 66 RS = = 181.4 LS < RS OK!
tw f of b .t f

Bending stiffness
[1] 5.6.2 Elastic modulus of gross cross sectionWel:
2 .b .t f 2 .t f .t w A gr = 3.85 . 10 mm
3 2
A gr h

1. . 3
tw . h 2 .t f I gr = 7.857 . 10 mm
3 7 4
I gr bh b
12
I gr . 2
W el = 4.49 . 10 mm
5 3
W el
h

TALAT 2301 – Example 3.1 3


el el
h

Second moment of area of the effective cross sectionIeff :

t f = 10 mm t f.ef = 10 mm

bw
As tf.ef = tf then bc b c = 165 mm
2
t w = 5 mm t w.ef = 4 mm

Allowing for local buckling:


A eff A gr b. t f t f.ef b c. t w t w.ef

A eff = 3.688 . 10 mm
3 2

Shift of gravity centre:


2
h tf bc 1
e eff b. t f t f.ef . . t
w t w.ef . e eff = 3.617 mm
2 2 2 A eff

Second moment of area with respect to centre of gross cross section:


2 3
h tf bc
b. t f t f.ef . . t I eff = 7.71 . 10 mm
7 4
I eff I gr w t w.ef
2 2 3

Second moment of area with respect to centre of effective cross section:

e eff . A eff I eff = 7.706 . 10 mm


2 7 4
I eff I eff

[1] 4.2.4 (2) Allowing for a reduced stress level,Ific may be used constant along the beam.

[2] 9.5.2 b) Frequent load combination, serviceability limit state, snow load

[2] Table 9.3 ψ 11 0.2 ψ 11 = 0.2


2
L
M Ed q p.roof ψ 11. q k.roof . M Ed = 18.1 kNm
8
M Ed
[1] 4.2.4 (2) σ gr σ gr = 40.4 MPa
W el

σ gr
[1] (4.2) I fic I gr . I I eff I fic = 7.834 . 10 mm
7 4
gr
fo

TALAT 2301 – Example 3.1 4


Deflections

5 . q p.roof . L
4
q p.roof = 2 kN . m
1
δ 1 δ 1= 12.8 mm
384 . E . I fic

5 . q k.roof . L
4
δ 2 ψ 11 . q k.roof = 4 kN . m
1
δ 2= 5.1 mm
384 . E . I fic

No pre-camber δ 0 0 . mm

[1] (4.1) δ max δ 1 δ 2 δ 0 δ max = 17.9 mm

L
[1] 4.2.3 δ limit for beams carrying plaster or other brittle finish δ limit = 20 mm
360

check if δ max< δ limit , "OK!" , "Not OK!" check = "OK!"

TALAT 2301 – Example 3.1 5

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