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Sleep Apnea Concept Map

Obstructive sleep apnea is caused by abnormal upper airway structures and respiratory control mechanisms that lead to the airway collapsing during sleep. This interrupts breathing and reduces oxygen intake, causing hypoxia and stimulating chemoreceptors to resume breathing. Long term consequences of obstructive sleep apnea include increased risks of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive issues.

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ashleydean
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2K views

Sleep Apnea Concept Map

Obstructive sleep apnea is caused by abnormal upper airway structures and respiratory control mechanisms that lead to the airway collapsing during sleep. This interrupts breathing and reduces oxygen intake, causing hypoxia and stimulating chemoreceptors to resume breathing. Long term consequences of obstructive sleep apnea include increased risks of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive issues.

Uploaded by

ashleydean
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Risk Factors Physiological Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Changes
Ashley Dean
Abnormal Upper Abnormal Respiratory Obesity Sleep RNSG1263
Airway Structure Control Mechanism
Airway Muscles Relax
Nasal Obstruction Altered Tissue
& Muscle
Compliance Oropharynx Collapses Occluding Airway
Large Tonsils
& Adenoids
Reduction in Airway
Metabolic &
Endocrine Changes
Elongated during sleep
Soft Palette Decrease in O2 Moving Reduction of Gas Increase in CO2 Moving
Into Pulmonary Capillaries Exchange in Alveoli Out of Pulmonary Capillaries

Hypoxia Decrease in pCO2 In Blood


Decrease in pO2 In Blood

Stimulates Peripheral Chemoreceptors Stimulates Central Chemoreceptors

Send Excitatory Awakens Brain Sends Afferent Impulses to


Impulses to Medulla Medullary Inspiratory Neurons

Increases Ventilation

Airway Opens

Depressed Impotent Normal Respirations Resume

Irritable Moody
Increase in pO2 Decrease in pCO2
General Anesthesia
Problems Fall Back Asleep
Memory Problems Nocturia AMI

Medications Concerns Hyperventilation


Loss of Concentration Mood Swings Stoke

Sleep-deprived
Daytime Fatigue AM Headaches Hypertension Partners
Obstructive
Manifestations Complications Sleep Apnea

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