Unit 1 - definitions

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abrasive manner adopt a child an existing look annoy (v)

An abrasive manner seems rude. Madonna and her husband adopted a child from Malawi, called David Banda. Madonna picks up on an existing look and makes it her own. I t annoys Belinda that some people think the royal family had something to do with Diana's death. S omeone who is as bright as a button is very intelligent. S omeone's ascent to stardom is the way in which they progress towards or achieve fame. T he adoption attracted criticism from people who felt Madonna had used her fame to fasttrack it. A bangle is a big circular bracelet that you wear around your wrist. If you are up to your eyes in work, you are extremely busy. If someone bears no resemblance to another person, they do not look like that person at all. A belt is a narrow piece of leather or cloth that you wear around yourwaist. People who bleach their hair use a special product to make it blonde. Bright eyes look lively and intelligent. A buckle is a metal object used for fastening a belt. When you buckle down, you start to work hard to achieve something. A button is a small round object that you push through a hole to fasten clothes. Casual clothes are comfortable and suitable for informal situations. I f you change your style, you change the type of clothes you wear. A charming manner is friendly and pleasant. Close set eyes are very near each other.

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cool (adj) cowgirl (n) criticism (n) cuff (n) death (n) deep voice designer clothes distinctive (adj) dreadful (adj) earth mother (n) ever-evolving (adj) exceptionally (adv) explode (v) expressive face fake smile fame (n) feature film (n) firm hanshake fit in (phr v) forced smile geisha (n) genius (n) global (adj)

Clothes that are cool are fashionable and attractive. A cowgirl is a girl or woman whose job is to look after cows on a ranch. Criticism is a comment or comments that you think something is wrong or bad. A cuff is the part of a sleeve that goes around your wrist. Belinda thinks that Diana's death was a tragic accident. A deep voice is low. Designer clothes are expensive and fashionable. S omething that is distinctive is easy to recognize because it is different from other things. I'm sorry we're so late - the traffic was dreadful. A n earth mother is someone who prefers natural methods of living and likes to look after people. S omething that is ever-evolving changes all the time and stays fashionable. Madonna is an exceptionally talented singer. At midnight, fireworks exploded across the sky - it was spectacular. An expressive face shows what you are feeling. A fake smile is not natural or genuine. Some people felt Madonna had used her fame to fast-track the adoption. A feature film is a film that is made for the cinema. A firm handshake feels strong. Madonna was different and didn't fit in with the popular group. A forced smile is not natural or genuine. A geisha is a Japanese woman, whose job is to entertain men. A genius is someone who is extremely clever or talented. S omething that is global is well known all over the world.

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as bright as a button ascent (n) attract criticism bangles (n) be up to your eyes in sth bear no resemblance to sb belt (n) bleach (v) bright eyes buckle (n) buckle down (phr v) button (n) casual (adj) change your style charming manner close-set eyes collar (n) controversy (n)

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A collar is the part of a shirt or coat that goes around your neck. Madonna is no stranger to controversy and has shocked many people over the years.

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gracefully (adv) hearty handshake hem (n) highlight (n) hitchhike (v) hound (v) huge (adj) husky voice icon (n) iconic (adj) image (n) imageconscious (adj) impassive kid (n) lacy gloves (n pl) leotard (n) limp handshake lingering (adj) look back (phr v) mainstream (adj) make an impression on sb market (v) midriff (n) mild manner

I f you do something gracefully, you do it in a quiet way without drawing attention to yourself. A hearty handshake feels strong. A hem is the bottom edge of a dress, skirt or coat. Seeing the Great Wall was the highlight of Dana's trip to China. Madonna hitchhiked to New York with $35 in her pocket. If journalists hound a famous person, they do not leave them alone. Watching the first man land on the Moon made a huge impression on Alec. A husky voice is rough, low and not clear, e.g. when you have sore throat. Madonna is not just a celebrity - she's a real pop icon. How did Madonna achieve her iconic status? T he genius of Madonna is the way she manages her image. S omeone who is image-conscious cares about their clothes and appearance. An impassive face does not show what you are feeling. A kid is an informal word meaning a "child". Lacy gloves are made of fine material and have small holes in them. A leotard is a tight piece of clothing that people wear when they dance or exercise. A limp hanshake feels weak.

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millennium celebrations (n pl) momentous (adj) moon landing (n) motherhood (n) off stage

The millennium celebrations took place on 31st December1999. A momentous event is extremely important. The first moon landing was the occasion on which the first manwalked on the Moon. Madonna has three children and enjoys motherhood. Off stage is an expression for describing what an actor or singer is really like when they are not performing. A n off-the-cuff remark is one that you make without planning it or thinking about. Old fashioned clothes are not modern.

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off-the-cuff (adj) oldfashioned clothes on stage pick up on sth (phr v) pride yourself on sth professional (adj) proud (adj) raise money (for sth) re-examine (v) rearrange (v) rebuild (v) recall (v) reconsider (v) reconstruct (v) recording artist (n) rediscover (v) redo (v)

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Madonna has known controversy both on stage and off stage. I f you pick up on something, you notice it and react to it. Madonna prides herself on her ever-evolving look, style and sound. Someone who looks professional wears smart clothes that are suitable for work. The fireworks were spectacular - I felt proud to be Australian. P rincess Diana raised a lot of money for charity. If you re-examine something, you look at or think about it carefullyagain. I f you rearrange people or things, you put them in a different place. I f you rebuild something, you build it again after it has been damaged or destroyed. You recall Madonna's career as a series of images. I f you reconsider a decision, you think about it again in order to decide whether you should change it. I f you reconstruct something, you build it again. A recording artist is a professional singer. I f you rediscover something, you discover it again. I f you redo something, you do it again in a different way in order to improve it.

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A lingering kiss is one that lasts for quite a long time. S he had her first hit with Holiday in 1984 and has never looked back. Something that is mainstream is used, liked, or accepted by most people. Watching the first man land on the Moon made a huge impression on Alec. Madonna is brilliant at marketing her image. Your midriff is the front part of your body between your waist andyour chest. A mild manner is kind and gentle.

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redraft (v) register sth (as sth) (v) reinvent (v)

I f you redraft something, you write it again in order to make changes to it. In 1979 she registered "Madonna" as a trademark. If you reinvent something, you change something that already exists and give it a different purpose. Madonna is known as the queen of reinvention! I f you relocate, you move to a different place. I f you remake something, you make it again in a different way. I f you reorganise something, you organise something in a different way. I f you repackage something, you present it in a different way to make it look more attractive. I f you reschedule something, you, you change the time when it was planned to happen. If you rethink something, you think about it again in order to improve it. I f you reunite people, you bring them together again. I f you reword something, you express it using different words. I f you rewrite something, you write it using different words in order to improve it. A round face has the shape of a circle. Satin is a smooth, shiny expensive material. Scruffy clothes are untidy and dirty. Clothes that are clean and neat say that you care about yourself and have good self-esteem. CHAPS magazine are doing a survey about men's self-image. I f a concert sells out, people buy all the tickets and there are none left. She's a talented business woman who's brilliant at selling her image. A shrill voice high and unpleasant. Sleek hair is smooth and shiny. T he sleeves are the part of a piece of clothing that covers your arms. At midnight, fireworks exploded across the sky - it was spectacular. Spiky hair sticks up. Sporty clothes are designed for doing sport or for informal occasions.

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stand still stardom (n) staring eyes status (n)

A situation that stands still stops developing. Stardom is the state of being very famous. Staring eyes seem to look at you in a very fixed way. Madonna achieved her iconic status by constantly changing and staying fashionable. I don't want to step down - I want to carry on with my career. S he is stepping up career-wise and has no exit plan. A struggle is a difficult period of time during which you have to work very hard. The name Madonna is a global superbrand. She realised that marketing was the key to her success. The press is an expression meaning newspapers and magazines, or the people who work for them. A woman who is known as the queen of an activity is very good at that activity. Belinda doesn't think the royal family had anything to do with Diana's death. S omeone who is the spitting image of another person looks exactly like them. Think back on her career - it's not the songs you remember, it's the images. I f you tighten your belt, you spend less money. To date is an expression meaning "until now". tousled hair looks untidy. In 1979 she registered "Madonna" as a trademark. D iana's death was a tragic accident. S omeone who is trendy wears fashionable and attractive clothes. A n understatement is something that you say that makes something seem less important than it is. A warm smile is kind and friendly. wel/ S omeone's wealth is the amount of money they have. I f you wear your heart on your sleeve, you show your feelings to other people.

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reinvention (n) relocate (v) remake (v) reorganise (v) repackage (v) reschedule (v) rethink (v) reunite (v) reword (v) rewrite (v) round face satin (n) scruffy clothes self-esteem (n) (TS) self-image (n) (TS) sell out (phr v) sell your image shrill voice sleek sleeves (n pl) spectacular (adj) spiky sporty (adj)

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step down (phr v) step up (phr v) struggle (n) super-brand (n) the key to sth the press (n)

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the queen of ... the royal family (n) the spitting image of sb think back (on) (phr v) tighten your belt to date tousled hair trademark (n) tragic (adj) trendy (adj) understatement (n) warm smile wealth (n) wear your heart on your sleeve

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weird (adj) (TS) wind up (phr v) zip (n)

S omething that is weird is strange in an unexpected or slightly frightening way. I f someone is easy to wind up, it is easy to make them angry or upset. A zip is a long piece of metal or plastic used for opening or closing a piece of clothing.