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Chapter 7 Study Guide

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105 views

Chapter 7 Study Guide

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 7 1) What are the specific areas of study in exercise and sport psychology?

The behavior, thoughts, and feelings of healthy, disabled, and diseased individuals engaged in physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic competition. 2) Describe the first experimental research study that directly impacted exercise and sport psychology. Norman Triplett (1861-1931) a bicycling enthusiast was interested in how direct competition between two individuals affected performance. 3) What are the primary professional organizations in exercise and sport psychology? International Society of Sports Psychologist, North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity, Association for Applied Sport Psychology 4) Name the primary research journals in exercise and sports psychology. Journal of Sport (and Exercise(1988)) Psychology(1979), The Sport Psychology(1987), Journal of Applied Sport Psychology (1989). 5) Describe how personality plays a role in exercise, sport, and athletic competition. Personality is the entire qualities and traits, including character and behavior that a specific to someone, and plays an important role in the behaviors that individuals exhibit. 6) What two personality characteristics are strong predictors of exercise behavior? Confidence and motivation 7) Describe the difference between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation as they relate to participation in physical activity and exercise? Both are when individuals engage in activities but extrinsic is for a external reward and intrinsic is for personal pleasure and satisfaction.

8) How does self-efficacy influence performance in sport and athletic competition? Not a measure of ones skills, but judgment and self-confidence in the skills they do posses in specific situations. 9) What individual characteristics do chronic exercisers display? Higher perceptions of individual control over their own health, an internal locus of causality, and more control over exercise behavior. 10)Describe why a level of arousal that is too high can cause adversely affect performance? High arousal can be good for athletes who are skilled in a sport that requires muscular strength, speed and/or endurance. But not good for an athlete in the same sport who is learning new skills and may choose the dominant response, incorrect response. High can also be bad for athletes who are more highly aroused in normal situations and may not be able to handle additional arousal without negatively effecting performance. 11)Why is attention difficult to study during a sport or athletic competition? Because there is no specific strategy for studying a sport or athletic competition and intentional disruption of performance would be involved at some level. 12)Describe how acute and chronic exercise might influence and individuals level of anxiety and depression. Increase feelings of energy, self-confidence, self-esteem, and cognitive function 13)List five factors or characteristics that physical activity and exercise should possess to impact an individuals mood. Performing rhythmic abdominal breathing, relative absence of interpersonal communication, performing 20 min of a moderateintensity physical activity and exercise, preforming closed and predicable activities that allow for preplanned movement, preforming activities that are enjoyable

14)Describe how exercise enhances psychological well-being according to each of the following theories: a. Distraction- exercise provides a distraction from normal everyday occurrences that often leads to stress and negative emotions. b. Endorphin- when heightened during exercise and lingers after exercise in over, connected to better mood and feeling better after exercise. c. Thermogenic- thought that when exercise is intense or long in duration, elevation in body temperature may result in reduction of muscle tension after exercise. d. Monoamine- thought that changes in brain neurotransmitters can result in exercise-induced emotional changes. Reducing stress and negative emotions. 15)How does the Transtheoretical model predict and explain the exercise behavior of individuals? The stages of individuals progress while changing health behaviors. Stages: Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Not always occur in this order and may also cycle many times as many individuals must make several attempts before realizing their goals.

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