GENERAL SAMPLING

GUIDELINES
in
EXPLORATION DRILLING
General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 1
This document is a compilation of est samplin! p"actices as adopted # ma$o"
nic%el e&plo"ation and minin! companies in the Philippines' The !uidelines
he"ein complies (ith )OR** "e+ui"ements to achie,e t"anspa"enc# and
mate"ialit# in the data !athe"in! "elated to the "esou"ce and "ese",es estimation'
The p"ecedin! !ene"al p"otocols ha,e th"ee components he"ein- (hich a"e.
/' D"illin!
0' P"epa"ation
1' Assa#in!
DRILLING
Gene"al
Drill holes will initially be sited by local survey teams using compass and
measuring tape.
Drillholes test pits are preferred reference points. At regular intervals these sites
will be accurately surveyed by professional surveyors.
Drilling will be carried out using man-portable rigs with minimum of NQ drill rods
and tungsten carbide bits.
Bedrock penetration should be three !" metres into hard rock to ensure that
bottom is not on floater# discretion may be used based on the nature$si%e of
boulder in any &one ' of weathering.
'ore recovery will be checked at the drill site after each (run) and recorded in the
Drill *ole +og ,heet Appendi- A".
.t is essential that all drilling be logged by a geologist so that he gains an intimate
knowledge of all geological aspects of the deposit.
2elo( a"e !uidelines in the detailed lo!!in! of co"es.
'odes for +ithological 'ore +ogging
/he matri- below is the adopted standard codes for logging as a way to classify the
saprolite according to grit$rock content0
L3 1ed-brown limonite overburden"
LA 2ellow limonite without 3n staining or veins"
L2 2ellow limonite with 3n staining or veins"
TM /ransition 3aterial4 +imonite 5 ,aprolite
SAP ,aprolite gritty clay with 6178 boulders of weathered bedrock"
R4SAP 1ocky saprolite with 17 to 978 boulders of weathered bedrock"
S4RO*5 ,aprolitic rock with 97-:78 bedrock"
SD ,erpentini%ed Dunite
SS ,erpentinite
67 *ar%burgite
/he following classification may be used for convention as an aid in the analysis of
rock distribution and screening in the saprolite and limonite where boulders are not
common0
*ode Desc"iption
1 6;7cm will be acceptable for shipping"
; ;7<97cm will be screened at the gri%%ly"
! =97cm will be left in the pit"
8eathe"in! Scale
General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 ;
/he following is the standard0
Litholo!# *lassification *ha"acte"istics

>resh 1ock 7 Black$ green$ light grey4 unweathered4
dense ? hard
,aprolite 1 Black$ brown4 slightly weathered4
discoloured4 still hard
; Brown$ gray
! @ink$ brown$ green
A @ink$ brown$ green4 friable4 relatively low
density with some remnant te-tures.
9 Brown4 yellow $ red4 pink$ green-gray4 very
soft4 original te-tures still visible
+imonite 9> 2ellow < red4 very soft Bsoil likeB4 very low
density to compact4 mud-like te-ture4
brown4 yellow brown.
>erricrete C 1ed-black4 hard4 includes pisolites
'ombinations of the various weathering DstagesE could be used i.e." ;$!4 !$A4 ;-9 or
7-!. /he first number in double-digit references indicates the predominant
weathering stage4 but the numbers separated by a hyphen include all intermediate-
weathering stages.
General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 !
Photo!"aph#
'olor photograph the core in bo-es 1 bo-es4 1 picture"4 using digital cameras
for easier e-compilation. /he picture number should have systematic
correspondence with the drillhole number.
'ore should be photographed fresh after completing each core bo-.
Fach photograph should have (header board) showing0 a" proGect name b"
hole number c" bo- numbers for the hole d" (from and to) hole depth for
reconciliation of core bo-es.
3ield Supe",ision
>ield staff will be reHuired to0
,upervise drilling for ma-imi%ed core recovery
,upervise core handling security in the field4 in transit and in sampling
Indertake core logging
Additional *omments
Jther features $ characteristics to be taken into consideration when logging core
include0
/e-ture
grain si%e
colour
friability
fracturing $ 1QD
3ield Lo!!in! Sheets
/he logging sheet Appendi- A" has been designed to conform to the above criteria
and to be compatible with the resource database.
An e-ample of a typical entry is shown in the first row of each sheet.
SAMPLING
Samplin! P"ocedu"e
,ampling of the drill core should be at one 1" metre intervals down the hole4
e-cept at lithological boundaries and important facies$mineralogical change
,amples lengths across this boundary should stay in a range of 1.7 5 7.;9m
to avoid e-cessively short or long samples
Khole core sampling is essential eliminate bias when splitting of the core4
particularly in heterogenous or saprolitic sections
Sample P"epa"ation
,ampling will be carried out on site in an appropriate sample preparation house
and eHuipment including a mobile Gaw crusher4 pulveri%er and drying oven.
,ample preparation is normally the bottleneck between drilling and assaying of
the samples. /he efficiency and appropriate number of eHuipment should be
commensurate to the turn-in of samples from the e-ploration and as well as
shipments.
/he sample preparation is as per L@/)s procedure.
A strict record of duplicate samples must be kept using sample submission
sheet. /hese sheets are to be filed separately from that of the assaying
laboratory.
General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 A
8et Densit# Dete"mination
/here are alternative methods to measure densities4 ranging from laboratory
tests on mini-samples to bulk samples from trenches and open e-cavation faces.
/he following procedures may be applicable0
Ise 17-19cm ? (representative) core
As much as possible avoid bias in saprolites4 particularly when collecting
hard rock portions that may be unrepresentative. Do not sample if e-pected
deviation is significant.
.nitially weigh in ambient air4 then immerse in water for 17 minutes to allow
complete water absorption.
,M calculation is as follows0
Weight in air
SG = _________________________
Weight in air Weight in water

>or small pits and shafts4 in-situ bulk densities will be measured using standard
geotechnical procedures.
Moistu"e *ontent Dete"mination
3oisture content
.ndividual samples will be weighed prior to drying4 and as soon as possible
after transport from drilling sites to avoid water loss due to evaporation
/he sample will then be weighed after drying but before sample crushing
/he formula used for calculating the moisture percentage is0
Weight of wet sample Weight of dry sample
MC% = ____________________________________ X 100
Weight of wet sample
After sample preparation 197-;77gm pulp samples will be sent to the
+aboratories for analysis. /he freighting will be organi%ed under strict supervision
of field staff. .t is recommended that batches of appro-imately ;97-!77 samples
be submitted to enable consistent assessment of laboratory performance through
insertion of standard samples with each batch. ,ecurity of samples in respect of
consistent numbering and transport supervision is essential.
ASSA9ING
Method
Fach sample will be analy%ed at the +aboratory for Ni4 'a4 >e4 3g4 ,i and Al.
/he analytical method is as follows0
Ni4 'a4 >e4 3g and Al will be assayed by dissolving a ;9g charge with a two
acid digest using hydrochloric and nitric acid"4 and reading the results by
Atomic Absorption ,pectroscopy AA,"
,i analysis for the >easibility drilling program by a gravimetric process.
General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 9
Assa# Data :ualit# Anal#sis
/he obGective of Huality control ? assays is to check the precision of sample
preparation4 consistent performance of the laboratory and accuracy of the
laboratories) analytical results.
/his can be achieved as follows0
1. Duplicate ,amples
Duplicate samples will total about 98 of all samples 1 in ;7" after
preparation.
/hese samples will be selected subGectively by the @roGect Meologist to
systematically cover the full range ? lithologies. Fach sample will have a
uniHue number4 which is different from the original and can be selected during
the (pulp to storage) stage of the sample preparation process.
>or reference purposes all samples submitted for preparation should be
accompanied by the sample submission sheet.
.n this way a check can be made on the field homogeni%ation process as well
as a check on +aboratory A third party".
;. ,tandard ,amples
A set of standard reference" samples has been prepared by +aboratory B
third party". /hese control samples consist of one high-grade limonite and
one low-grade limonite blank" taken from 3ini @it ;!N at inner lb. /hey will be
prepared4 homogeni%ed and placed in appro-imately ;97 separate sample
bags 177g each".
,eparate batches of the prepared samples will be sent to +aboratory ' thrird
party and +aboratory D third party" for analysis. /his will allow unbiased
double checks to calculate accepted average or benchmark values for each
standard. Analysis will be for all si- C" relevant elements.
Jne of each standard sample is to be included with each ;97 pulp sample
batch that is to be freighted to +ab A.
/he purpose of standard sampling is to monitor the accuracy of the assay
process on a batch by batch basis. >or e-ample problems such as a change
in instrument calibration or change in assay protocol can be detected and
rectified.
!. 'heck ,amples
Appro-imately ;8 of the total sample reGect pulps from +ab A should be sent
to at least one independent and internationally accredited laboratory. /his
eHuates to about 1 in 97 samples.
,amples should be taken across a broad spectrum of lithologies and sent at
appropriate times during the program so a constant check on +ab As
analyses is maintained.
/he recommended laboratory is Iltra /race in @erth.
Note
Drillhole and assays may be e-transmitted in agreed format in Excel or Access.
The agreed format should allow for easy review and resource/reserves modeling.
CD copy is advised for storage in separate data ban!s.
1od /olentino
Nickelphil .nc
tolentinoreOyahoo.com
3ob0 5C! :1N 9;91:N7
General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 C
DRILL 6OLE LOG S6EET 444 of 444
PRO)E*T .
Drill-hole No. Date ,tarted 0
+ocation Date 'ompleted 0
'o-ordinate F 1emarks 0
'o-ordinate N Drilling 'o. 0
'ollar Flevation +ogged by 0
>inal Depth Inits0
Samp No' 3"om To Litho' *olou" 8th ; Roc% R' Si7e ; Rec *omments




































General Sampling Guidelines in Exploration Drilling 5/21/2014 N