The document provides a table that lists parts of speech and their grammatical rules in Indonesian. It discusses the types of words that may be used in the error recognition and cloze test sections of the Indonesian national high school exam. It then explains strategies for determining a word's part of speech, such as adding prefixes or suffixes. Suffixes that indicate a word is a noun, adjective, adverb, or verb are outlined. The document aims to help readers analyze unfamiliar words by examining their morphological features.
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Tabel Error Recognition
The document provides a table that lists parts of speech and their grammatical rules in Indonesian. It discusses the types of words that may be used in the error recognition and cloze test sections of the Indonesian national high school exam. It then explains strategies for determining a word's part of speech, such as adding prefixes or suffixes. Suffixes that indicate a word is a noun, adjective, adverb, or verb are outlined. The document aims to help readers analyze unfamiliar words by examining their morphological features.
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tabel error recognition
Unsur Syarat Contoh dalam kalimat
To be Diikuti Ving I am doing my homework To be Diikuti V3 The work is done Article (a, an, the) Diikuti noun The company is big Vs Didahului oleh Singular Subject My father works in a bank V1 Didahului oleh Plural Subject + I They go to school everyday V2 Kalimat harus berada dalam past tense Yesterday I went to my teachers home V3 Didahului oleh to be The work is done V3 Didahului oleh have, has, had We have worked since this morning Modal Diikuti oleh V1 We should go earlier Adjective Didahului oleh to be, tidak bisa berdiri sendiri The girl is beautiful Adjective Muncul sebelum noun, tidak bisa berdiri sendiri My father bought a new car Who, whom, whose (relative pronoun) Didahului oleh person The man who is wearing a hat is my uncle. Who (relative pronoun) Diikuti oleh verb / to be The girl who works in that office is my sister Whom (relative pronoun) Diikuti oleh Subject Pronoun The person whom we met yesterday is a teacher Whose (relative pronoun) Diikuti oleh noun The woman whose eyes are beautiful is my girlfriend Which (relative pronoun) Didahului oleh Thing (benda mati) The table which is bought by my father is brown Gerund Didahului oleh kata kerja yang memicu munculnya gerund (contoh: enjoy, love, like, mind, finish, stop, etc.) I love looking at your beautiful eyes Gerund Didahului oleh preposition (contoh: in, on, at, of, for, from, by, etc.) The government is very seriousin implementing the new policy Gerund Bisa berfungsi sebagai noun (sebagai subject / object) Learning a new subject is sometimes difficult for the students. If clause type 1 Menggunakan V1/Vs dan is, am, are di klausa pertama, dan will / modal dalam bentuk pertama +V1 di klausa ke dua (klausa boleh dibalik) If I have time, I will see you tonight If clause type 2 Menggunakan V2 dan were di klausa pertama, dan would / modal di masa lampau +V1 di klausa ke dua (klausa boleh dibalik) If I were you, I would take the chance If clause type 3 Menggunakan had+V3/been di klausa pertama, dan would / modal di masa lampau +have + V3 di klausa ke dua (klausa boleh dibalik) I wouldnt have been hungry if Ihad had my breakfast Positive comparison Menggunakan as ADJ as My score is as good as yours Comparative comparison Diikuti oleh than She is better than me in English Superlative comparison Didahului oleh the She is the best student in my class
Sebelum kita menelaah lebih jauh, ada baiknya kita memetakan jenis-jenis kata yang digunakan dalam soal Ujian Nasional SMK / SMA bagian error recognitiondan cloze test. 1. Noun (kata benda) 2. Verb (kata kerja) 3. Adjective (kata sifat) 4. Adverb (kata keterangan) 5. Auxiliary (kata bantu) 6. Preposition (kata depan) 7. Conjunction (kata sambung) 8. Article -> the, a, an
Untuk jenis kata murni (base), ada hal-hal yang dapat anda lakukan untuk menganalisa sebuah kata, yaitu: 1. Tambahkan "the" di depannya. Kalau bisa, maka kata tersebut pasti noun. Contoh: the people, the child, the tree, etc. 2. Tambahkan akhiran (-ing) di belakangnya. Kalau bisa, maka kata tersebut pasti verb. Contoh: working, speaking, sleeping, etc. 3. Tambahkan "very" di depannya. Kalau bisa, maka kata tersebut pasti adjective. Contoh: very handsome, very afraid, very tired, etc.
Selanjutnya, yang kadang-kadang susah adalah ketika kita menghadapi pilihan kata yang seperti berikut: attend, attendant, attendance, attended ^___^. Untuk jenis kata yang seperti ini, kita harus menganalisa suffix (akhiran) yang mengikuti kata dasar (base) nya.
Berikut ini adalah suffix (akhiran) untuk mendeteksi bahwa sebuah kata itu pasti NOUN: 1. -ment : government, development, investment, etc. 2. -ship : friendshep, citizenship, relationship, etc. 3. -ness : tiredness, friendliness, awareness, etc. 4. ance, -ancy, -ence, -ency : attendance, relevance, proviciency, existence, etc. 5. ion, -sion, -tion : organization, acquisition, cohesion, etc. 6. -ism : pluralism, plagiarism, nationalism 7. -er, -ar, -or : driver, liar, conductor, etc. 8. -ee : employee, nominee, refugee, etc. 9. -ian : civilian, American, Korean, Indian, Christian, musician, etc 10. -ist : pianist, communist, Nationalist, etc.
Berikut ini adalah suffix (akhiran) untuk mendeteksi bahwa sebuah kata itu pasti ADJECTIVE: 1. -able, -ible : capable, invicible, durable, etc. 2. -al : natural, environmental, classical, etc. 3. -ed : tired, bored, exhausted, etc. 4. -ful : helpful, careful, doubtful, etc. 5. -ic : metallic, realistic, patriotic, etc. 6. -ing : boring, annoying, tiring, etc. 7. -ish : reddish, Spanish, British, etc. 8. -ive : exclusive, conclusive, inconclusive, effective, etc. 9. -less : careless, helpless, hopeless, etc. 10. -ous : courtageous, obvious, obnoxious, etc.
Berikut ini adalah suffix (akhiran) untuk mendeteksi bahwa sebuah kata itu pasti ADVERB: -ly : beautifully, carefully, honestly, etc.
Berikut ini adalah suffix (akhiran) untuk mendeteksi bahwa sebuah kata itu pasti VERB: 1. -ize : specialize, organize, utilize, etc. 2. -fy : simplify, beautify, verify, etc. 3. -ate : manipulate, relate, integrate, etc