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Pages From (API 650-2003 Storage Tanks-Unprotected)

The document discusses requirements and design considerations for welded steel tanks used for oil storage. It covers topics like material thickness calculation, roof attachment, venting requirements, wind load calculations, and anchorage specifications.

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Vy Nguyen
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189 views1 page

Pages From (API 650-2003 Storage Tanks-Unprotected)

The document discusses requirements and design considerations for welded steel tanks used for oil storage. It covers topics like material thickness calculation, roof attachment, venting requirements, wind load calculations, and anchorage specifications.

Uploaded by

Vy Nguyen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WELDED STEEL TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE 3-51

The area calculated from the expression above is based on


the nominal material thickness less any corrosion allowance.
Note: When the sum of the live and dead loads exceeds 45 lbf/ft
2
,
the maximum cross-sectional area of the top angle shall be increased
by the following ratio:
3.10.7 Top-Angle Attachment for Self-Supporting
Roofs
3.10.7.1 Information and certain restrictions on types of
top-angle joints are provided in item c of 3.1.5.9. Details of
welding are provided in 5.2.
3.10.7.2 At the option of the manufacturer, the edges of the
roof plates for self-supporting roofs, including the cone,
dome, and umbrella types, may be anged horizontally to rest
at against the top angle to improve welding conditions.
3.10.8 Tank Venting
3.10.8.1 Tanks designed in accordance with this standard
and having a xed roof shall be vented for both normal condi-
tions (resulting from operational requirements and atmo-
spheric changes) and emergency conditions (resulting from
exposure to an external re). Tanks with both a xed roof and
a oating roof satisfy these requirements when they comply
with the circulation venting requirements of Appendix H. All
other tanks designed in accordance with this standard and
having a xed roof shall meet the venting requirements of
3.10.8.2 and 3.10.8.3.
3.10.8.2 Normal venting shall be adequate to prevent inter-
nal or external pressure from exceeding the corresponding
tank design pressures and shall meet the requirements speci-
ed in API Standard 2000 for normal venting.
3.10.8.3 Emergency venting requirements are satised if
the tank is equipped with a weak roof-to-shell attachment
(frangible joint) in accordance with 3.10.2.5, or if the tank is
equipped with pressure relief devices adequate to prevent
internal pressure from exceeding the tank design pressure and
meeting the requirements specied in API Standard 2000 for
emergency venting.
3.11 WIND LOAD ON TANKS (OVERTURNING
STABILITY)
3.11.1 When specied by the purchaser, overturning stabil-
ity shall be calculated using the following procedure: The
wind load or pressure shall be assumed to be 1.4 kPa (30 lbf/
ft
2
) on vertical plane surfaces, 0.86 kPa (18 lbf/ft
2
) on pro-
jected areas of cylindrical surfaces, and 0.72 kPa (15 lbf/ft
2
)
on projected areas of conical and double-curved surfaces.
These wind pressures are based on a wind velocity 160 km/h
(100 mph). For structures designed for wind velocities other
than 160 km/h (100 mph), the wind loads specied above
shall be adjusted in proportion to the following ratio:
In SI units:
(V / 160)
2
where
V = wind velocity, in km/h, as specied by the purchaser.
In US Customary units:
(V / 100)
2
where
V = wind velocity, in mph, as specied by the purchaser.
Note: When the wind velocity is not specied, the maximum wind
velocity to avoid overturning instability shall be calculated and
reported to the purchaser.
3.11.2 For an unanchored tank, the overturning moment
from wind pressure shall not exceed two-thirds of the dead-
load resisting moment, excluding any tank contents, and shall
be calculated as follows:
where
M = overturning moment from wind pressure, in
N-m (ft-lbf),
W = shell weight available to resist uplift, less any
corrosion allowance, plus dead weight sup-
ported by the shell minus simultaneous uplift
from operating conditions such as internal pres-
sure on the roof, in N (lbf),
D = tank diameter, in m (ft).
3.11.3 When anchors are required, the design shall be in
accordance with 3.12.
3.11.4 Unless otherwise required, tanks that may be subject
to sliding due to wind shall use a maximum allowable sliding
friction of 0.40 multiplied by the force against the tank bottom.
3.12 TANK ANCHORAGE
3.12.1 When a tank is required to be anchored per Section
3.11, Appendix E, Appendix F, or when a tank is anchored for
any other reason, the following minimum requirements shall
be met.
3.12.2 Anchorage shall be provided to resist each of the
uplift load cases listed in Table 3-21. The load per anchor
shall be:
t
b
= U/N
live load dead load +
45 lbf/ft
2
--------------------------------------------------
01

M
2
3
---
WD
2
---------

03
98
03
Copyright American Petroleum Institute
Reproduced by IHS under license with API
Document provided by IHS Licensee=Shell Services International B.V./5924979112,
06/24/2004 19:16:40 MDT Questions or comments about this message: please call
the Document Policy Group at 303-397-2295.
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