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Solution To Practice Problems For Test 2

This document provides solutions to practice problems for a test. It includes: 1) Finding a directional derivative and direction of maximum increase at a point. 2) Finding points where a tangent plane is parallel to a given plane. 3) Finding and classifying critical points of a function. 4) Finding maximum and minimum values of a function subject to a constraint. 5) Evaluating a volume integral in rectangular coordinates.

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Kuldeep Kushwaha
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100 views6 pages

Solution To Practice Problems For Test 2

This document provides solutions to practice problems for a test. It includes: 1) Finding a directional derivative and direction of maximum increase at a point. 2) Finding points where a tangent plane is parallel to a given plane. 3) Finding and classifying critical points of a function. 4) Finding maximum and minimum values of a function subject to a constraint. 5) Evaluating a volume integral in rectangular coordinates.

Uploaded by

Kuldeep Kushwaha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solution to Practice Problems for Test 2

1. Suppose f(x, y, z) is a dierentiable function at the point (1, 1, 1) and


f
x
(1, 1, 1) = 2,
f
y
(1, 1, 1) = 1,
f
z
(1, 1, 1) = 2
(a) Find the directional derivative of f at the point (1, 1, 1) in the direction of a = 2i+2j+k.
f(1, 1, 1) = 2i j + 2k.
a
|a|
=
1
3
(2i + 2j +k) directional derivative =
1
3
(2i + 2j +k) (2i j + 2k) =
4
3
.
directional derivative =
4
3
(b) Find a unit vector u in the direction in which f increases most rapidly at (1, 1, 1). What
is the rate of change in this direction?
|2i j + 2k| = 3
u =
1
3
(2i j + 2k)
rate = 3
2. Find all points (x, y) at which the tangent plane to the graph of
z = x
2
+ 2xy 2y
2
5x 2y
is parallel to the plane P : 3x 6y + z = 8.
The tangent plane has normal f
x
, f
y
, 1. It is parallel to the plane P if and only if
f
x
, f
y
, 1 = k3, 6, 1
k = 1 and
f
x
= 3k = 3 and f
y
= 6k = 6
{
f
x
= 2x + 2y 5 = 3
f
y
= 2x 4y 2 = 6

{
2x + 2y = 2
2x 4y = 8

{
x = 2
y = 1
1
3. Find and classify all critical points of f(x, y) = x
2
+ y
2
+ x
2
y + 4.

f
x
= 2x + 2xy = 0 2x(1 + y) = 0
x = 0 or y = 1
f
y
= 2y + x
2
= 0 y =
x
2
2
x = 0, y = 0 or y = 1, x =

2,

2
So the critical points are (0, 0), (

2, 1) and (

2, 1).
f
xx
(x, y) = 2(1 + y),
f
yy
(x, y) = 2,
f
xy
(x, y) = 2x
D(x, y) = 4(1 + y) 4x
2
D(0, 0) = 4 and f
xx
(0, 0) = 2 > 0 f has a local minimum at (0, 0).
D(

2, 1) = 8 < 0 f has saddle points at (

2, 1) and (

2, 1).
(x, y) (0, 0) (

2, 1) (

2, 1)
D(x, y) 4 8 8
f
xx
2
classication
local
minimum
saddle
point
saddle
point
2
4. Find the maximum and minimum values of f(x, y) = 2x
2
y
2
subject to x
3
+ y
3
= 56.
f = g
4x = (3x
2
) (1)

2y = (3y
2
) (2)
If = 0, then x = 0 and y = 0 do not satisfy the constraint x
3
+y
3
= 56. Therefore, we have
= 0.
x = 0 y = 56
1/3
(x, y) = (0, 56
1/3
)
y = 0 x = 56
1/3
(x, y) = (56
1/3
, 0)
Suppose , x, y = 0.
(1)
(2)

2x
y
=
x
2
y
2
x = 2y.
Putting x = 2y into the constraint x
3
+ y
3
= 56, we have
8y
3
+ y
3
= 56
7y
3
= 56
y = 2
x = 2(2) = 4
(x, y)
(
56
1/3
, 0
) (
0, 56
1/3
)
(4, 2)
f(x, y) 2
(
56
2/3
)
56
2/3
28
Since 2
(
56
2/3
)
29.27, we have
maximum = 2
(
56
2/3
)
minimum = 56
2/3
3
5. Find the volume of the solid in the rst octant under the surface z = 2x + y
2
and bounded
by the co-ordinate planes and the plane x + 3y = 3.
volume =

1
0

3(1y)
0
2x + y
2
dxdy
=

1
0
[x
2
+ y
2
x]
3(1y)
0
dy
=

1
0
9(1 y)
2
+ 3y
2
(1 y) dy
=
[
3(1 y)
3
+ y
3

3
4
y
4
]
1
0
= 3 + 1
3
4
=
13
4
volume =
13
4
6. Reverse the order of integration in the integral

1
0

y
3
0
f(x, y) dx dy.

1
0

y
3
0
f(x, y) dxdy =

1
0

1
x
1/3
f(x, y) dy dx
7. Set up (but do not evaluate) an integral in cylindrical coordinates for the mass of the solid
between the paraboloids z = 2x
2
y
2
ad z = x
2
+y
2
if the density function is (x, y, z) = z.
2 x
2
y
2
= x
2
+ y
2
2(x
2
+ y
2
) = 2 x
2
+ y
2
= 1
mass =

2
0

1
0

2r
2
r
2
zr dz dr d
4
8. Find the area of the part of the surface z = y
2
between y = x, y = 1, x = 0.
f
x
= 0, f
y
= 2y

f
2
x
+ f
2
y
+ 1 =

(2y)
2
+ 1
=

4y
2
+ 1
Surface area =

1
0

y
0

4y
2
+ 1 dxdy
=

1
0
y

4y
2
+ 1 dy
=
[
(4y
2
+ 1)
3/2
12
]
1
0
=
5
3/2
1
12
9. Change the integral

2
2

4x
2
0

8x
2
y
2

x
2
+y
2
(x
2
+y
2
+z
2
)
3/2
dz dy dx into spherical coordinates.
z =

8 x
2
y
2
x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
= 8 =

8
z =

x
2
+ y
2
cos = sin cos = sin =

4

2
2

4x
2
0

8x
2
y
2

x
2
+y
2
(x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
)
3/2
dz dy dx
=

/4
0

8
0

3

2
sin d d d
5
10. Evaluate

R
(3x y)
3
(x + y)
4
dA, where R is the triangle with vertices (1, 0), (5, 0), (2, 3).
Use
{
u = 3x y
v = x + y
x =
u + v
4
, y =
u + 3v
4
J(u, v) =

1
4
1
4
1
4
3
4

=
(
1
4
)(
3
4
)

(
1
4
)(

1
4
)
=
1
4
Boundary:
The line joining (1,0) and (2,3) has equation
3x y = 3 u = 3
The line joining (2,3) and (5,0) has equation
x + y = 5 v = 5
The line joining (1,0) and (5,0) has equation
y = 0
u + 3v
4
= 0 u = 3v

R
(3x y)
3
(x + y)
4
dA
=

5
1

3v
3
u
3
v
4
(
1
4
)
dudv
=
(
1
4
)

5
1
v
4
[
u
4
4
]
3v
3
dv
=
3
4
4
2

5
1
v
4
(
v
4
1
)
dv
=
3
4
4
2
[
v
9
9

v
5
5
]
5
1
=
5477346
5
6

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