PANITIA MATEMATIK

TAMBAHAN
SMK MAT KILAU, 25150 KUANTAN
NAMA :
.
.
KELAS : ................................................
DISEMBER 2010 : DIUBAH SUAI DARI MODUL JPN
PAHANG

CONTENT
TOPIC
1. PROGRESSIONS
2. LINEAR LAW
3. INTEGRATIONS
4. VECTORS
5. TRIGONOMETRIC
6. PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS
7. PROBABILITY
8. PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS
9. LINEAR PROGRAMMING
10.MOTIONS ALONG A STRAIGHT LINE

PAGE
3
19
27
42
61
77
79
82
101
108

3
PROGRESSIONS
1. The first three terms of an
arithmetic progression are k-2, k+2,
2k+1. Find the value of k.

2. The first three terms of an

arithmetic progression are k-3, 2k-3,
k+1. Find the value of k.

( CHAPTER 1 F5 )

3. The nth term of an arithmetic

progression is given
by Tn = 3n + 1.
Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common difference.

[5]

[2]
[4 ; 3]

4. The nth term of an arithmetic

progression is given by Tn = 4n - 9.
Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common difference.

5. Given an arithmetic progression 2, 6,

10, 14,...
find the smallest value of n such that
the nth
term is greater than 100.

6. Given an arithmetic progression -12, -9,

-6, -3, ,
find the greatest value of n such that
the nth term
is smaller than 200.

[-5 ;4]

[71]
[26]

7. The third term and eighth term of

an arithmetic progression are 6 and
31 respectively. Find the first term
and the common difference.

8. The fourth term and ninth term of an

arithmetic progression are 9 and 29
respectively. Find the first term and
the common difference.

[-4 ; 5]
[-3 ; 4]

10. Given an arithmetic progression

21, 18, 15, 12, . Find the sum from
seventh term to the eighteenth term.

11. Given an arithmetic progression -6,

1, 8, 15,..
find the sum from ninth term to the
twentieth term.

9. Given an arithmetic progression 2, 6,

10, 14,
find the sum from fifth term to the
sixteenth term.

[480]

12. Given an arithmetic progression -12,

-9, -6, -3,
find the sum from eleventh term to the
twenty- eighth term.

[1062]

[783]

14. Given an arithmetic progression

21, 18, 15, 12, , find the value of n
for which the sum of the first n terms is
-81.

15. The sum of the first n terms of an

arithmetic
progression is given by Sn = 2n2 + n.
Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common difference.

[-162]

13. Given an arithmetic progression

2, 6, 10, 14, , find the value of n for
which the sum of the first n terms is
800.

[18]
[20]

16. The sum of the first n terms of an

arithmetic progression is given by Sn
= 2n2 -5n. Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common difference.

[3 ; 4]

17. Given an arithmetic progression 2,

6, 10, 14,..
find the smallest value of n such that
the sum
of the first n terms is greater than
200.

18. Given an arithmetic progression -12,

-9, -6, -3,
find the smallest value of n such that
the sum of
the first n terms is greater than 243.

[-3; 4]
[14]
[11]

19. The first and last terms of an

arithmetic are 3 and 21 respectively
and the sum of the series is 240. Find
the number of terms.

20. The first and last terms of an

arithmetic progression are -4 and 18
respectively and the sum of the series
is 168. Find the number of terms.

21. The sum of the first four terms of an

arithmetic
progression is 36 and the sum of the
next ten
terms is 370. Find the first term and
the common
difference.

[24]
[20]
[3 ; 4]

22. The sum of the first six terms of

an arithmetic progression is 42 and
the sum of the next twelve terms is
516. Find the first term and the
common difference.

23. The sixth term of an arithmetic

progression is 23 and the sum of the
first six terms is 78. Find the first term
and the common difference.

24. The eighth term of an arithmetic

progression is 25 and the sum of the first
eight terms is 88. Find the first term and
the common difference.

[-3 ; 4]

[3 ; 4]

[-3 ; 4]

25. The first three terms of a

geometric progression are k, k + 3, k
+ 9. Find the value of k.

26. The first three terms of a

geometric progression are k-1, k + 2, k
+ 8. Find the value of k.

27. The nth term of a geometric

progression is given
by Tn = 22n-1. Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common ratio.

[3]

[4]

[2 ; 4]

28. The nth term of a geometric

progression is given by Tn = 33n-2. Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common ratio.

29. Given a geometric progression 2, 6,

18, 54,
find the smallest value of n such that
the nth
term is greater than 100000.

30. Given a geometric progression 3, 12,

48, 192,
find the smallest value of n such that
the nth term
is greater than 180000.

[3 ; 27]
31. The second term and fifth term of
a geometric progression are 12 and
96 respectively. Find the first term
and the common difference.

[6

[11]

[9]

32. The third term and sixth term of a

geometric
progression are 108 and 2916
respectively.
Find the first term and the common
difference.

33. Given a geometric progression 2, 6,

18, 54,
find the sum from fifth term to the
ninth term.

[3 ; 12]

[19602]

; 2]

9
34. Given a geometric progression 3,
12, 48, 192, , find the sum from
sixth term to the tenth term.

35. Given a geometric progression

1458, 486, 162, 54, find the sum from
fifth term to the eighth term.

36. Given an arithmetic progression 192,

-96, 48,
-24, find the sum from
seventh term to the tenth term.

[1047552]

[26.67]

[1.875]

37. The first term and the sum to

infinity of a geometric progression
are 4 and 8 respectively. Find the
common ratio.

38. The first term and the sum to

infinity of a geometric progression are
5and 15 respectively. Find the common
ratio.

39. The common ratio and the sum to

[ 12 ]

[ 23 ]

infinity of a geometric progression are

and 30 respectively. Find the first term.

[20]

1
3

10
40. The common ratio and the sum to
infinity of a geometric
progression
1
are and 20 respectively. Find the
4
first term.

41. Express the recurring decimal

0.5555. as a fraction in its simplest
form.

[25]

[ 5/ 9 ]

m
= 0.06060606.
n
Find the value of m and n.
42. Given that

[ m = 2 , n = 33 ]

m
=
n
0.345345345. Find the value of m
and n.
43. Given that

44. Given that

m
=
55

&& .
3.018
=

3+a+b

Find the value of a, b and m.

45. Given that

169
=
m

&&
5.012

= a + b + c
Find the value of a, b , c and m.

[ m = 33 , a = 5.0 , b =

11
[m

[ m = 166 ,

0.012 c =0.00012 ]

= 115 , n = 333 ]

a=0.018 , b = 0.00018 ]

46. Given a geometric progression 2,

6, 18, 54, find the value of n for
which the sum of the first n terms is
19682.

47. Given a geometric progression 3,

12, 48, 192, find the value of n for
which the sum of the first n terms is
65535.

48. The sum of the first n terms of a

geometric
progression is given by Sn = 4n - 1. Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common ratio.

[9]

[8]

[a= 3 r = 4]

49. The sum of the first n terms of a

geometric
progression is given by Sn = 1- (3)n. Find
(a) the first term,
(b) the common ratio.

50. Given a geometric progression 2, 6,

18, 54,...
find the smallest value of n such that
the sum
of the first n terms is greater than
6000.

51. Given a geometric progression 3, 12,

48, 192,
find the smallest value of n such that
the sum of
the first n terms is greater than 2000.

12

[a = 4 r = -3]

52. The sum of the first three terms of

a geometric progression is 35 and the
common ratio is 2. Find
a) the first term of the progression
b) the eight term

[a=
5 ,

[n = 6]

[n = 8]

T8 = 640 ]

53. The second term and the fourth

term of a geometric progression are 10
2
and
respectively. Find
5
a) the first term, a and the common
ratio, r where r > 0
b) the sum to infinity of the geometric
progression

54. The first three terms of a geometric

progression are 27, 18, 12. Find the sum
to infinity of the geometric progression.

[ a = 50, r = 1/5,

1
= 62 ]
2

[ S = 81 ]

SPM QUESTIONS PAPER 1

1.
(SPM P1, 03, Q7 )
The first three terms of an arithmetic
progression are k 3 , k + 3, 2k + 2 .
Find
a) the value of k
b) the sum of the first 9 terms of the
progression.

2.
(SPM P1, 03, Q11 )
In a geometric progression , the first
term is 64 and the fourth term is 27 .
Calculate
a) the common ratio
b) the sum of infinity of the geometric
progression

3.
(SPM P1, 04, Q10 )
Given an arithmetic progression -7, -3, 1
. ,state three consecutive terms in this
progression which sum up to 75.

13
[ T10 = 29 ,
[ k=7
,

S9 = 252

[ r = 3/4
, S9 = 256

T9 = 25, T8 = 21 ]

4.
(SPM P1, 04, Q11 )
The volume of water in a tank is 450
litres on the first day. Subsequently ,
10 litres of water is added to the tank
everyday. Calculate the volume , in
litres, of water in the tank at the end
of the 7th day.

5.
(SPM P1, 04, Q12 )
Express the recurring decimal
0.969696 as a fraction in its
simplest form

6.
(SPM P1, 05, Q10 )
The first three terms of a sequence are 2,
x , 8. Find the positive value of x so that
the sequence is
a) an arithmetic progression
b) a geometric progression

[ 510 ]

[ 32/33 ]

7.
(SPM P1, 05, Q11 )
The first three terms of an arithmetic
progression are
5, 9 , 13. Find
a) the common difference of the
progression
b) the sum of the first 20 terms after
the 3rd term .

8.
(SPM P1, 05, Q12 )
The sum of the first n terms of the
geometric progression 8 , 24, 72, ..
is 8744. Find
a) the common ratio of the progression
,
b) the value of n

[x=5, x=4 ]

[ d = 4 , 1100 ]

9.
(SPM P1, 06, Q9 )
th
The 9 term of an arithmetic progression
is 4 + 5p and the sum of the first four
terms of the progression is 7p 10 ,
where p is a constant . Given that the
common difference of the progression is 5,
find the value of p.

[p = 8 ]

r=3, n = 7 ]

10.
(SPM P1, 06, Q10 )
The third terms of a geometric
progression is 16. The sum of the third
term and the fourth term is 8. Find
a) the first term and the common
ratio of the progression
b) the sum to infinity of the
progression

11.
(SPM P1, 07, Q9 )
a) Determine whether the following
sequence is an arithmetic progression
or a geometric progression .
16x, 8x, 4x,
b) Give a reason for the answer in

12.
(SPM P1, 07, Q10 )
Three consecutive terms of an arithmetic
progression are 5 x , 8 , 2x . Find the
common difference of the progression.

14
11(a)

[ r = -1/2 a = 64 , S

2
= 42
]
3
13.
(SPM P1, 07, Q11 )
The first three terms of a geometric
progression are 27, 18, 12 Find the
sum to infinity of the geometric
progression

[ d = 14 ]

14.
(SPM P1, 08, Q9 )
It is given that the first four terms of a
geometric progression are 3, -6, 12
and x. Find the value of x .

[ x = -24
[ S = 81

]
[ n = 17

16.
(SPM P1, 08, Q11 )
In a geometric progression , the first
term is 4 and the common ratio is r.
Given that the sum to infinity of this
progression is 16 , find the value of r .

15.
(SPM P1, 08, Q10 )
The first three terms of an arithmetic
progression are 46, 43 and 40. The nth
of this progression is negative. Find the
least value of n.

17.
(SPM P1, 09, Q9 )
Given that geometric progression
10
20
5,
,
,. find the sum to infinity
3
9
of the progression.

18.
(SPM P1, 09, Q11 )
The first three terms of a geometric
progression are x , 6 , 12. Find
a) the value of x
b) the sum from the fourth term to ninth
term

[x
[ r = 3/4

[ S = -3

19.
(SPM P1, 09, Q10 )
Diagram shows three square cards. 7 cm
5 cm

=3; 1512

20. ( SPM P1 , 10 , Q9 )
The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic progression is

15
n
(3n 1) . Find
2
a) the sum of the first 5 terms
b) the 5th term.
[ 4 marks ]

3 cm

given by S n

The perimeters of the cards form an arithmetic progression .

The terms of the progression are in ascending order.
a) Write down the first three terms of the progression
b) Find the common difference of the progression

[ a)
12, 20, 28

b) d = 8

[ a) 40

21. (SPM P1, 10 , Q10 )

It is given that 1, x2, x4, x6, . Is geometric progression and
its sum to infinity is 3. Find
a) the common ratio in terms of x
b) the positive value of x.
[ 3 marks ]

[ a) x2

b) 0.8165

b) 14 ]

22. (SPM P1, 10 , Q11 )

The first three terms of an arithmetic progression are 3h, k , h
+ 2.
a) Express k in terms of h
b) Find the 10th terms of the progression in terms of h.
[ 3 marks ]

[ a) k = 2h + 1

b) 45 15h ]

SPM QUESTION PAPER 2

1.
(SPM 04 , P2, Q6 )
Diagram shows the arrangement of the first three of an
infinite series of similar triangles. The first triangle has a

2.
(SPM 05 , P2, Q3 )
Diagram shows part of an arrangement of bricks of equal size.

16
base of x cm and a height of y cm. The measurements of
the base and height of each subsequent triangle are half of
the measurements of its previous one.

y cm

x cm
a) Show that the areas of the triangles form a geometric
progression and state the common ratio.
[ 3 marks ]
b) Given that x = 80 cm and y = 40 cm,
1
i)
Determine which triangle has an area of 6
4
cm2
ii)
Find the sum to infinity of the areas, in cm 2 of
the triangles

The number of brick in the lowest row is 100 . For each of

the other rows, the number of bricks is 2 less in the row below.
The height of each brick is 6 cm. Ali builds a wall by arranging
bricks in this way. The number of bricks in highest row is 4.
Calculate
a) the height , in cm, of the wall,
[ 3 marks ]
b) the total price of the bricks used if the price of one brick is
40 sen. [3 M

[ 5 marks ]

[r =
,

3.

1
= 2133
3

n= 5

(SPM 06 , P2, Q3 )

[ n = 49
, 294 cm , RM 1019.20 ]

4.

(SPM 07 , P2, Q6 )

17
Two companies , Delta and Omega , start to sell cars at the
same time.
a) Delta sells k cars in the first month and its sales
increase constantly by m cars every subsequent
month. It sells 240 cars in the 8th month and the total
sales for the first 10 months are 1900 cars. Find the
value of k and of m
[5
marks ]
b) Omega sells 80 cars in the first month and its sales
increase constantly by 22 cars every subsequent
month. If both companies sell the same number of
cars in the nth month, find the value of n.

Diagram shows the side elevation of part of stairs build of

cement blocks.

925 cm
955 cm
985 cm

15 cm

[ 2 marks ]
The thickness of each block is 15 cm. The length of the first
block is 985 cm. The length of each subsequent block is 30 cm
less than the preceding block as shown in Diagram above.
a) If the height of the stairs to built is 3 m, calculate
i)
the length of the top most block
ii)
the total length of the blocks
[ 5 marks ]
b) Calculate the maximum height of the stairs
[ 3 marks ]

[ T20 = 415 ,

18
S20 = 14 000, 495 cm

[ m
= 20 , k = 100 , n = 11

5.
(SPM 08 , P2, Q3 )
Muthu started working for a company on 1 January 2002 with
an initial annual salary of RM 18 000. Every January , the
company increased his salary by 5% of the previous years
salary . Calculate
a) his annual salary, to the nearest RM, for the year 2007.
[ 3 marks ]
b) the minimum value of n such that his annual salary in the
nth year will exceed RM 36 000
[ 2 marks ]
c) the total salary, to the nearest RM, paid to him by the
company, for the year 2002 to 2007.
[ 2 marks ]

6.
(SPM 09 , P2, Q6 )
Amir drops a ball from a height of H cm above the floor . After
the first bounce , the ball reaches a height of H 1 cm , where H1
= 0.8 H. After the second bounce , the ball reaches a height of
H2 cm, where H2 = 0.8 H1 . The ball continues bouncing in this
way until it stops. Given that H = 200 , find
a) the number of bounces when the maximum height of the
ball from the floor is less than 50 cm for the first time
[ 4 marks ]
b) the total distance, in cm, travelled by the ball until it stops.
[ 2 marks ]

19

[ T6 = RM 22 973 , n
= 16, S6 = RM 122 434

7. ( SPM 10 , P2 , Q3 )
Diagram below shows the arrangement of cylinders having
the same radius, 3 cm . The height of the first cylinder is 4
cm and the height of each subsequent cylinder increases by 2
cm. [ Volume cylinder = r2h ]

8 cm
4 cm

6 cm

a) Calculate the volume , in cm3, of the 17th cylinder, in

terms of .
[ 3 marks ]
b) Given the total volume of the first n cylinders is
1620 , find the value of n.
[ 3 marks ]

[ n = 7 , 1800 cm

20

[ 324 ; n = 12 )

LINEAR PROGRAMMING
1. The diagram below shows a line of
best fit obtained by plotting the graph
of d against t. The line intersects the
vertical and the horizontal axes at
points (0,2) and (6,0) respectively. Find
i.
ii.
iii.

the equation of best fit

the value of t when d=3
the value of d when t=4

2. Two variables, p and q are known to

be linearly related as shown by the line
of best fit in the diagram below. The line
passes through points (1.6, 6) and
(13.6 , 30). Determine
i.
ii.
iii.

d
(0,2)

( CHAPTER 2 F5 )

the equation of best fit

the value of q when p= 15
the value of p when q = 5
p
x(13, 30)

3.The diagram below shows the line of

best fit for the graph of y2 against x.
Determine the non-linear equation
connecting y and x.
y2 XP(0,4
)
Q(2,
0) x

x
(1, 6)

(6,0)
t

q
[

1
2
d t 2, 3,
3
3

4. The diagram below shows the line

of best fit for the graph of y2 against
1
. Determine the non-linear equation
x
connecting
y and x.
y2
X
Q(2,12)
P(0,2
)

1
x

[p=2q+4, 5.5, 14]

5. The diagram below shows the line of
best fit for the graph of

y
against x.
x2

Determine the non-linear equation

XQ(6,1
connecting y and x.
2)
2

y
x

P(3,0

[y2=-2x+4]
6. The diagram below shows the line of
y
2
best fit for the graph of x against x.

y the non-linear equation

Determine
connecting
y and x.
x2
(4, 5)
(2,4)
0

21

1
y2 5 2 ]
x

7. The diagram below shows the line

of best fit for the graph of log10 y
against x. Determine the non-linear
equation connecting y and x.

log10 y

(2,6)

y
x2

4 x 12 ]

y
x2

1
x3]
2

8. The diagram below shows the line of

best fit for the graph of log10 y against
log 10 x. Determine the non-linear
equation connecting y and x.

9. The diagram below shows the line of

best fit for the graph of xy against x.
Determine the relation between y and x.

log10 y

x
y

(2,6)

X Q(4,1

2)

(0,2)

(0,0)

log10 x

[ log 10 y =
[log10 y = 3x ]

2 log10 x+2]

10. The diagram below shows the

straight line graph of xy against x.
Express y in terms of x.

11. The diagram below shows the

x
y

(4,10)

straight line graph of x y against x.

Express y in terms of x.

[ y 4

P(2,4
)

4
]
x

12. The diagram below shows the line of

best fit for the graph of x2y against x.
Determine the relation between y and x.
x2 y

X Q(4,1

2)
(1, 1)

P(2,4
)

22

(4,10)

x 2y

(1, 1)

2
x

[y
3 2

]
x x2

[ y 3 ]x

[ y

13. The diagram below shows the line

14. The diagram below shows the line

when

against
x is drawn.
Express
0
x
x
y as a function of x.(8, -3)

when

against x is drawn. Express y

as a function of x.

4 4

]
x x2

15. The diagram below shows the line of

y
2
best fit for the graph of x against x .
Determine the relation between y and x.

y
x2

XQ(6,1

2)
X

3 2 y
x 3x ]
4

16. The diagram

below
x2
(4, 5)shows the line
(2,4)
0

P(3,0
)

x
(12, -1)

[
y

1 2
x 5x ]
2

17. The diagram below shows the line

when

y 1
x

against x is drawn. Express

y 4 x 12 x ]
3

1 diagram below shows the line

18. The
(8,10)
1
when y against x is drawn. Determine
y

(4,2)
x

23
y in terms of x.

y
x2

the non-linear equation connecting y and

x

y 1

when
against x is drawn.
Express y as a function of x.

(0,8)
x
x
(-4,0)

[
[

1
y x3 3x 2
2
]
19. The diagram below shows the line
when

x
y

against x is drawn.

Determine the non-linear equation

connecting
x y and x
(3,6)

[y=2x2+8x-1]

20. The diagram below shows the line

of best fit for the graph of log10 y
against x. Determine the relation
between y and x.

log10 y

(0,3)
0

1
y
]
2x 6

x
]
x3

(3,4)

(2,6)

x
X

[y

21. The diagram below shows part the

graph of
log10 y against x. Form the equation that
connecting y and x.
log10 y

[ y = 10

3x

(0,0)

(4,0)
x

[ y 10 4 x 16 ]

24
22. The diagram below shows the line
of best fit for the graph of log10 y
against log 10 x. Determine the relation
between y and x.

log10 y

(2,6)

23. The diagram below shows part the

graph of
log10 y against log10 x. Form the
equation that connecting y and x.
log10 y
6
log10 x

24. The diagram below shows part the

graph of
log 2 y against log2 x. Determine the
relation between y and x.
log2 y
(5,6)

-3

(0,2)

log10 x

[y
2

[y= 100x ]

x
]
1000

[y

log2 x

x2
]
16

SPM QUESTIONS
1. SPM 03, P1, Q10
x and y are related by the equation
y px 2 qx , where p and q are

constants. A straight line is obtained

by plotting

2. SPM 04 , P1 , Q13
Diagram below shows a straight line

graph of

(2, k)

y
against x, as shown in
x

the diagram (2,9)

below.

y
against x
x

(h, 3)
0

(6,1)
0

Calculate the values of p and q.

Given that y= 6x-x2, calculate the value

of k and h
[3 marks]

3. SPM 05 , P1 , Q13
The variables x and y are related by the
equation y=kx4, where k is a constant.

(a) Convert the equation y=kx4 to

linear form.
(b) Diagram below shows the straight
line obtained by plotting log10y
against log10x
(2, h )
(0, 3)
0
Find the value of
(i)
log10 k

log10 x

25
[4 marks ]

(ii)
[h=3, k=4]

[p= -2, q =13]

5. SPM 07, P1, Q12

Diagram 4(a) shows the curve y =

-3x2 + 5. Diagram 4(b) shows the
straight line graph obtained when y =
-3x2 + 5 is expressed in the linear
Y
formyY = 5X + c
y = -3x2 + 5 O
x

equation

y
x2

[ p = 10 , q = 14 ]

x2

k
, where k is constant .
5x

Diagram below shows the straight line

graph is obtained log
by plotting
log10 y
10 y
against x .

(p,0)

Find the value of p and of q.

( 0 ,-2)
x

a) Express the equation y =

k
in its
5x

linear form used to obtain the

straight line graph shown in
diagram above.
b) Find the value of k

[ log10 y = log10 k x
log10 5 , k = 0.01 ]

1
]
x2

(0,6)

y=

( 3, q )

7. SPM 10, P1, Q12

The variables x and y are related by
equation hy=kx2 + hk. A straight
line graph is obtained by plotting y
against x2 as shown in diagram below.
y

The variables x and y are related by the

-3

[ Y =
X =

6. SPM 08, P1, Q12

The variables x and y are related by the

equation y2 = 2x ( 10 x ). A straight
y2
line graph is obtained by plotting
x
against x , as shown in Diagram below.
y2
x

Diagram 4(a)
Diagram 4(b)
Express X and Y in terms of x and / or
y.

[4

[3, 11]

4. SPM 06, P1, Q11

h
marks]

8.

9.

26

Given the gradient of the straight line

is 3, find the value of h and of k.
[ 3 marks ]

[k=6 ; h=2 ]

SPM QUESTION PAPER 2

1. SPM 2003 Paper 2 Question 7
Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the value of two variables, x and y,
obtained from an experiment. It is known that x and y are
2
related by the equation y pk x ,where p and k are constants
x
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0

2. SPM 2004 Paper 2 Question 7

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y,
obtained from an
experiment. Variables x and y are related by the equation y =
p k x , where p and k are constants.
x
2
4
6
8
10
12

27
y

1.59

1.86

2.40

3.17

4.36

6.76

a) Plot log10 y against x2

.Hence, draw the line of best
fit.
[5 marks]
b) Use the graph in (a) to find the value of
i)
P
ii)
K
[5 marks]
[ Answer: p=1.259 , k =1.109 ]

3.16

9.12

5.50

16.22

28.84

46.77

a) Plot log10 y against x by using a scale of 2 cm to 2 units

on the x-axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the log 10 y-axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit
[4 marks ]
b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of
i) p
ii) k
[ 6 marks]
Answer :p =1.820, k =1.309

3. SPM 2005 Paper 2 Question 7

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y,
obtained from experiment. The variables x and y are related

by the equation y px
x
y

1.0
5.5

2.0
4.7

r
, where p and r are constants.
px

3.0
5.0

4.0
6.5

5.0
7.7

5.5
8.4

a) Plot xy against x2, by using a scale of 2 cm to 5 units

on both axes. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[5 marks]
b) Use the graph from (a) to find the value of
i)
P
ii)
r
[5 marks]

4. SPM 2006 Paper 2 Question 7

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y,
obtained from an experiment. Variables x and y are related by
the equation y pk x 1 , where p and k are constants.

x
y

1
4.0

2
5.7

3
8.7

[ p= 1.778 , k = 1.483 ]

y 2kx 2

p
x , where p and k are constants.
k

5
20.0

6
28.8

a) Plot log y against (x+1), using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit

on the (x+1) axis and 2 cm to 0.2 unit on the log y-axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[5 marks]
b) Use you graph from (a) to find the values of
i)
P
ii)
k
[5 marks]

Answer :[ p=1.37, r=5.48]

5. SPM 2007 Paper 2 Question 7

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained
from an experiment. Variables x and y are related by the equation

4
13.2

Answer :

6. SPM 2008 Paper 2 Question 8

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y,
obtained from an experiment. Variables x and y are related by
the equation y hk 2 x , where h and k are constants.

28
x
y

2
8

a) Plot

3
13.2

4
20

5
27.5

6
36.6

7
45.5

x
y

y
against x, using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the
x

1.5

3.0

4.5

6.0

7.5

9.0

2.51

3.24

4.37

5.75

7.76

10.00

a) Based on table above , construct a table for the

values of log10 y
[ 1 mark ]
b) Plot log10 y against x, using a scale of 2 cm to 1
unit on the x-axis and 2 cm to 0.1 unit on the log 10
y-axis . Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[4 marks]
c) Use you graph from (b) to find the values of
i)
x when y = 4.8
ii)
h and k
[5 marks]

both axes . Hence, draw the line of best fit.

[4 marks]
b) Use you graph from (a) to find the values of
i)
P
ii)
k
iii)
y when x = 1.2
[6 marks]
Answer :[ p=
0.754 , k = 0.26; y = 4.2 ]

Answer :[ x

= 5 , h = 1.91 , k = 1.1 ]

7. SPM 2009 Paper 2 Question 8

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained
from an experiment. The variables x and y are related by the
k
p

1 , where k and p are constants.

equation
y
x
x 1.5
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
y
2.502 0.770 0.465 0.385 0.351 0.328
a) Based on table above , construct a table for the values of

1
x

1
[2M]
y
1
1
b) Plot
against
, using a scale of 2 cm to 0.1 unit on the
y
x
1
1
-axis and 2 cm to 0.5 unit on the
-axis . Hence, draw the
y
x
line of best fit.
[3 marks]
c) Use you graph from (b) to find the values of
i)
k
ii)
p
[5 marks]
and

8. SPM 2010 Paper 2 Question 7

Use graph paper to answer this question.
Table below shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained
from an experiment. The variables x and y are related by the
equation y
x
y

hx
, where h and k are constants.
k
3
2.57

4
3.31

5
4.07

6
4.90

7
6.31

8
7.94

a) Plot log10 y against x, using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the

x-axis and 2 cm to 0.1 unit on the log10 y-axis . Hence, draw
the line of best fit.
[4 marks]
b)
i)
ii)
iii)

Use you graph from (b) to find the values of

h
k
y when x = 2.7

[ 6 marks]
Answer :
[h=1.251, k=0.7586,y=2.399]

29
Answer :

[ k = 0.256, p= -1.331]

INTEGRATIONS ( CHAPTER 3 F5 )
1.

Given

3x

d 1 6
5
x c 3 x , find
dx 2

2. Given

dx .

4. Given

d
100 x c h( x) , find
dx

5. Given

dx

10. 3dx
13. Given

dx .

d 2

g ( x ) , find
dx x 3

dy
= 4 2x and y = 5
dx

when x = 1, find y in terms of x.

y = 4x x2 +2

8.

11.

12
4

d
4 x 3 f ( x) , find
dx
f ( x) dx .

3. Given

d 2x

f ( x) , find
dx x 1
f ( x) dx .

dx

9.

3x dx

dx

12.

5x

14. Given

dy
= 3x2 2 and y = 4
dx

when x = -1, find y in terms of x.

6. Given

g ( x) dx .

h( x) dx .
7.

d 2
2
c 2 , find

dx x
x

15. Given

dx
dy
= 3(2x 4) and y = 30
dx

when x = -2, find y in terms of x.

30
y = x3 2x + 3

16. Given

3
dy
= 2 2
dx
x

when
x.

17. Given

and y = 1

when x = -2, find the value of y when

x = 1.

x = 1 , find y in terms of

3
y 2x 6
x

19.The gradient function of a curve

which passes through A(1, 6) is
5 3x2 .
Find the equation of the
curve.

dy
= 3(2x 1) and y = 5
dx

y = 3x2 12x 6

18.

Given

3
dy
= 5 2
dx
x

and y = 1 when

x = 1 , find the value of y when x = 3

25

-13

20.The gradient function of a curve

which passes through R(2, 3) is
6x2 4 .
Find the equation of the curve.

21.The gradient function of a curve

which passes through A(1, 10) is x(
6 3x) .
Find the equation of the curve.

y = 3x2 x3 + 8
y = 2x - 4x-5
3

y = 5x x3 + 2

22.The gradient function of a curve

which passes through A(-1, 7) is
3x2 + 2x - 1 .
Find the equation of the
curve.

23.The gradient function of a curve

which passes through A(1, -12) is
3x2 6x .
Find the equation of the curve.

24.The gradient function of a curve

which passes through B(1, 5) is
3x2 + 2 .
Find the equation of the curve.

31

= x3 + x2 x +6
3
25. (2 x 5) dx

3
dx
(2 x 1) 2

29.

2
3
33. (1 2 x) dx
3

x3 3x 10

y = x3 + 2x + 2

26.

4
dx
( x 3) 2

5
27. (2 4 x) dx

4
28. ( x 2) dx

30.

15
dx
(3x 5)6

3
31. 6(2 x) dx

3
32. 30(4 3x ) dx

34.

15
dx
2( x 3)4

35. (2 6 x ) dx

2
36. (4 x 3x ) dx

37. x(2 x 1) dx

41.

16(2 4 x) dx
3

38. (2 x 1)(2 x 1) dx

42.

39. (3x 2) dx
2

40. x(3x 2) dx

6( x 2) dx
0

43.

6
1 (2 x 1)2 dx

44.

24

(3x 5)
2

dx

32

[1280]

Given that

g ( x)dx

6 . Find the value of .....

2.

3.

6.

3 f ( x) 1
dx =
2
1

9.

6 f ( x) g ( x) dx

7.

3 f ( x) 2 g ( x) dx

-4
3

8.

2 g ( x) 2 f ( x)

dx =

5
3

10. f ( x) 2 g ( x) 1 dx =
2

20

f ( x) 4 dx
1

8
3

4.

5 f ( x) dx

4 f ( x) 2 x dx

f ( x) dx =

-4

5.

[3.75]

f ( x)dx

[2]

f ( x)dx 4 ,

1.

5
]
12

14

11.

5 g ( x) dx
1

12.

g ( x ) 4 f ( x ) dx
2

33

16

16
-13

Applications of Definite Integral

k

1. Given that

2. Given that

(2 x 3)dx 6 , where k

> -1, find the value of k.

(3 4 x)dx 20 , where k
0

> 0, find the value of k.

k=5

(6 x 1)dx

3. Given that

> 0, find the value of k.

4. Given that

(2 x 1)dx 12 , where k

5. Given that

= 14 ,

f ( x)dx 5

and

6. Given that

where k > 0, find the value of k.

f ( x)dx 6

(3 f ( x) kx)dx 23 , find the value

( f ( x) kx)dx 10

of k.

k.

and

, find the value of

8
21

2
4

7. Given that

f ( x) dx 3 and

8. Given that

f ( x) dx 7 and

9. Given that

g ( x)dx 8 and

34
4

(kf ( x) 6 x)dx 39 , find the

(2 f ( x) kx)dx 10 ,

find the value of k.

g ( x) k
dx 14 , find the value of k.
4

value of k.

[k=-2]

Questions based on SPM Format

2

1. Find the value of

3 x2
1 x 2 dx .

2. Find the value of

15
1 (3x 2)2 dx .

3. Given that

(2 2 x)dx 16 , where k > 0,

1

find the value of k.

4.5
k=5

4. Given that

f ( x) dx 10 and

5. Given that

g ( x)dx 10 , find

6. Given that

(3 f ( x) kx)dx 0 , find the value of k.

(a) the value of

2 g ( x)dx,

of K if

the value

g ( x)dx 9 , find

kx 3 g ( x) dx

= 48.

(b) the value of k if

k 2 g ( x) dx

50.

k =4

dy
= 1 2x + 3x2 and y
dx
= 3 when x = 1, find y in terms of x.
7.

Given

(a) -20

(b) k = 10

8. The gradient function of a curve

which passes through Q(-1, 4) is

k = 10
9. The gradient function of a curve which
passes through P(1, 3) is 8x 3x2. Find the
equation of the curve.

35
2x

1
. Find the equation of the curve.
x2

y = x x 2 + x3 + 2

10. Diagram 9 shows the curve y = f(x)

cutting the x-axis at x = a and x =
b.

y x2

1
4
x

11. Diagram 10 shows part of the curve

y = f(x).

y = 4x2 x3

12. Diagram 11 shows part of the curve y =

f(x).

y
5

Diagram
10

y=
g(x)

4 x
y = f(x)

y=
f(x)

Diagram

Given that the area of the shaded region

9 is
O

6 unit2, find the value of .

(3g ( x)dx
a

13. Diagram 12 shows the sketch of

part of a curve.

Given that

f ( x)dx = 15 unit2, find the

Diagram
12

(a) Shade, on the

O given diagram, the
region represented by

x dy .
2

15. Given that

12

(3x 2)

dx = k(3x 2 )n

+ c , find the value of k and n.

Diagram 13

(6, 2)
x

(a) Shade, on the given diagram, the region

10

represented by

f ( x)dx .
0

14. Diagram 13 shows the sketch of part

of a curve.

unit , find the value of

area of the shaded region.

10

(4, 8)

Diagram
11

Given that the area of 8the shaded region is 40

2

y
y

x dy .
2

36
4

(b) Find the value of

y dx x dy
0

10

(b) If

x dy

= p , find , in terms of p, the

value of
6

y dx

k = -2 , n = -2

16. Given that

4x 3

dy
6 , express y
dx

17. Given that

in terms of x.

d2y
5x4 1 ,
2
dx

when x = 1, y = 3 and

dy
= 2 , find y
dx

18. Given that

16 x
0

10kx k 2 dx

4
.
3

Find the possible values of k.

in terms of x.

y 2x

2 2
x c
3

1 6 1 2
1
x x 4x
6
2
3

d 12
20. Given that

w( x ) , find
dx ( x 1)3

d x2
19. Given that

g ( x ) , find
dx x 1

2 x g ( x) dx .

the value of

6 w( x) 3 dx .
0

21. Given that

d2y
2 6x ,
dx 2

the value of

k = -1 , -4

when x = 1 , y = 3 and
terms of x.

dy
= 1 , find y in
dx

37

9
2

y x2 x3 4x 5

[ 66]

SPM QUESTIONS - PAPER 1

1. SPM 03 , P1 , Q17

2. SPM 03, P1 , Q18

5
dx = k(1+ x)n + c ,
Given that
(1 x) 4
find the value of k and n.
marks]

[3

3. SPM 04, P1 , Q22

k

Diagram shows the curve y = 3x2 and

the straight line x = k.

(2 x 3)dx 6 , where k > -1, find

Given that

the value of k.

y
y = 3x2

x=k

If the area of the shaded region is 64

unit2, find the value of k .
[
5
k , n 3 ]
3

4. SPM 05, P1, Q21

6

Given that

f ( x) 7 and

[k=4]

k=5

5. SPM 06, P1, Q20

6. SPM 06, P1,Q21)

Diagram 8 shows the curve y = f(x) cutting

the
x-axis at x = a and x = b.

Given that

g ( x)dx 8 , find
1

2 f ( x) kx 10 , find the value of k.

(a) the value of

y
y=
f(x)

Diagram
8

g ( x)dx,
5

38
5

(b) the value of k if

Given that the area of the shaded region is 5

kx g ( x) dx

= 10.

unit2, find the value of

2 f ( x)dx .
a

(a) -8

[ -10 ]

7. SPM 07 , P1 , Q21
7

Given that

h( x)dx 3,

find the

3
(b)
2

8. SPM 08 , P1, Q21

2
3
Given that 6 x 1 dx px x c,
where p and c are constants, find

(a)

h( x)dx

(a) the value of p,

(b) the value of c if
when x = 1.

(b)

[5 h( x)]dx .

(6 x

1) dx 13

p = 2, c = 10

10.SPM 09 , P1, Q21

Diagram shows part of the curve y =
f(x) which passes through the point
( h , 0 ) and ( 4 , 7 ).

11.SPM 10 , P1 , Q19
d 2x

g ( x) , find
Given
dx 3 x

y
y = f(x)
(4,7)

( SPM 09, P1, Q19 )

The gradient function of a curve is

the equation of the curve

g ( x)dx
1

dy
=
dx

kx 6 , where k is a constant . It is given

that the curve has a turning point at ( 2,
1 ) . Find
b)

k = -3 ,22

9.

3 2
x 6x 7 ]
2

39

( h , 0)

Given that the area of the coloured

region is 22 unit2 , find the value of
4

f ( x)dx

[3]

[6]

1. ( SPM 05, P2, Q2 )

A curve has a gradient function px2 4x, where p is a
constant . The tangent to the curve at the point ( 1 , 3 ) is
parallel to the straight line
y + x 5 = 0. Find
a) the value of p,
[ 3 marks ]

(differentiation)

2. ( SPM 05, P2 , Q8 )
In Diagram below, the straight line PQ is normal to the curve
x2
y
1 at A( 2, 3 ). The straight line AR is parallel to the y2
axis.

b) the equation of the curve

[ 3 marks ]

x2
1
2

A ( 2, 3 )

O
R

Q ( k , 0)

Find
a) The value of k
(differentiation )
[ 3 marks ]
b) The area of the shaded region
[ 4 marks ]
c) The volume generated in terms of , when the region
bounded by the curve, the y-axis and the straight line

40
y = 3 is revolved through 360o about the y-axis.
[ 3 marks ]

[p = 3,
f(x) = x3 2x2 + 4 ]

3. ( SPM 06, P2 , Q8 )
Diagram below shows the straight line y = x + 4
intersecting the curve
y = ( x 2 ) 2 at
the points A
and B .

y ( x 2)

y= x + 4

( SPM 07, P2, Q4 )

A curve with gradient function 2 x

2
x2

at ( k, 8 )
a ) Find the value of k ( differentiation )
[ 3 marks ]
c) Find the equation of the curve
[ 3 marks ]

Q
O

4.

, 4 ]

[k=8 ,

1
12
3

Find
a) the value of k
(differentiation )
[2 marks ]
b) the area of the shaded region P
[ 5 marks ]

has a turning point

41
c) the volume generated in terms of , when the
shaded region Q is revolved 360o about the x-axis.
[ 3 marks ]

[k

32
]
5
5. ( SPM 07, P2 , Q10 )
Diagram below shows part of the curve y = k( x 1 ) 3,
where k is a constant .
[k=5 ,

20.83

y
A

y= k ( x 1 )3
+4

=1,

2
y x 5 ]
x
2

6. ( SPM 08, P2 , Q7 )
Diagram below shows the curve y = x2 + 5 and the tangent
to the curve at the point A (1 , 6) .
y
y= x2 +5

A ( 1, 6 )

O R
x=3

Calculate.
The curve intercepts the straight line x = 3 at point A . At
dy
24 .
point A,
dx

a) the equation of the tangent at A.

[3 marks ]
b) the area of the coloured region

(differentiation )

42
a) Find the value of k
(differentiation )
[3 marks ]
b) Hence, calculate
i)
the area of the shaded region P
ii)
the volume generated in terms of ,
when the region R is revolved 360o about
the x-axis.

[ 4 marks]
c) the volume of revolution, in terms of , when the region
bounded by the curve and the straight line y =7 is
rotated through 360o about the y-axis
[ 3 marks]

[7 marks ]

4
k = 2 , 8 cm2
,
]
7
7. ( SPM 09, P2, Q3 )
The gradient function of a curve is hx2 kx , where h and k
are constant. The curve has a turning point at ( 3, -4 ) . The
gradient of the tangent to the curve at the point x = -1 is 8.
Find
a) The value of h and of k
[ 5 marks ]

( differentiation )

[ y= 2x +4 ,

1/3 , 2 ]

8. ( SPM 09, P2, Q7 )

Diagram shows the straight line OQ and the straight line y = k
intersecting the curve x = 4y y2 at point Q.

y
4

x = 4y y

b) The equation of the curve

[ [ 3 marks ]

y=k

43
It is given that the area of the coloured region is
a) Find the value of k.
[ 6 marks ]

9
unit2.
2

b) The region enclosed by the curve and the y-axis is

revolved through 360o about the y-axis . Find the volume
of revolution , in terms of
[ 4 marks ]

[ h = 2 and k = 6 ,

2
y x3 3x 2 5 ]
3
[ k =3 ,

9. ( SPM 2010 , P2 , Q4)

Diagram below shows the shaded region bounded by the
curve y = g(x), the a-axis and the straight line x = 3.

y
x=3

10.

34

15

44
y=g(x)
It is given that the area of the shaded region is 10 unit 2.
a) Find
3

i) g ( x) dx
1
3

ii) [ x 2 g ( x)]dx
1

[ 4 marks ]
b) Given g(x) = 2x 8 , find g(x) in terms of x.
( differentiation )
[ 3 marks ]

VECTORS ( CHAPTER 4 F5 )
Express the following vectors in term s of
(1)
(2)

x and y .
%
%

(3)

(4)

45

ABCD is a
parallelogram.

uuur
QR =

uuur
AC =

uuu
r
TQ =

EFGH is a
parallelogram.

uuu
r
PR =

uuur
EG =
P

(5)

(6)

(7)

(7)
Q

Given :

Given :

PQ 3 x

RQ 2 x

QR 2 y

uuur
FG =

uuur
BC =

RS

1
RP
3

RRP

2y

RS 2QP

uuur
AD =
PS

SP

uuur

uuur

Answers : (1) AC x y

%
uuur%

uuur

(6) BC y x ; AD

% %

(2) QR y x
1
2

y 12 x
% %

% %

uuu
r

uuu
r

uuur

(3) TQ 2 x y ; PR x 12 y

% %

uuur

For each of the following diagrams, express the vector PQ in terms of x and y .

(4) EG 2 x y

% %

uuur

(5) FG x 2 y

46
1.

2.

y
%

x
%

uuur
PQ =

y P
%

y
%

2x
%

4.

x
% x
%
Q

uuur
PQ =

y
%

x
%

uuur
(6) PQ 2 x y
% %

uuur

Answers : (1) PQ 2 x y (2) PQ x y

% %

uuur
PQ =

% %

y
%

uuur
PQ =
uuur

x
%

uuur
PQ =

6.

y
%

x
%

y
%x

5.

y
%

3.

uuur

(3) PQ 3 x y

% %

uuur
PQ =
uuur
uuur
(4) PQ 2 x 2 y
(5) PQ 2 x y
% %
% %

47
For each of the following vectors in terms of i and j , find the magnitude and the unit vector in the direction of the given
vector.

uuu
r
(1) OP 3i 4 j
% %

uuuu
r
(2) OW 12 i 5 j
% %
uuuu
r
magnitude of OW

uuur
magnitude of OP

uuur
OP =

%
uuu
r
(3) AB 9 i 12 j
% % uuu
r
magnitude of AB

u
uu
r
AB =

uuuu
r
OW =

(6) b 7 i 24 j

(7)

% %
uuur
magnitude of PQ

= 6i 8j

(8)

(5) a 4 i 3 j
%
% %
magnitude of a

uuur
PQ =

Unit vector in the

direction
uuu
r
of AB

Unit vector in the

direction
uuuu
r
of OW

u
uu
r
OP =

uuur

(4) PQ 15i 8 j

uuu
r
AB =

uuuu
r
OW =

Unit vector in the

direction
uuu
r
of OP

a =
%

Unit vector in the

direction
uuur
of PQ

Unit vector in the

direction
of a

u
uu
r
PQ =

= 5i + 7

(9) c = -3 i +5

a =
%

(10)

= -4 i - 5

magnitude of b

b =
%
Unit vector in the
direction
of b

b =
%

Answer :

54 i 53 j
% %

1) 5 ;

3
5

i4 j
%5%

2) 13 ;

12
13

i 5 j
% 13 %

3) 15 ;

3
5

i4 j
%5%

4) 17 ;

15
17

i 8 j
% 17 %

5)

5;

48
7
24
6) 25 ; 25 i 25 j

x
For each of the following vectors in the form , find the magnitude and the unit vector in the direction of the given vector.
y
uuur 8
uuu
r 15
uuur 6
uuur 9
12

(1) PQ
(2) ST
(3) ) CD
(4) VW
(5) u
% 9
6
8
8
40
uuur
uuu
r
uuur
uuur
magnitude of u
magnitude of ST
magnitude of CD
magnitude of VW
magnitude of PQ
%
u =

uuu
r
ST =

uuur
PQ =

uuur
CD =

Unit vector in the

direction
uuu
r
of ST

Unit vector in the

direction
uuur
of PQ

u
uu
r
ST =

u
uu
r
PQ =

24

magnitude of v

(6) v
%

(7)

2
=
3

uuur
VW =

Unit vector in the

direction
uuur
of CD
u
uu
r
CD =

(8)

13

Unit vector in the

direction
uuur
of VW

Unit vector in the

direction
of u

uuur
VW =

u =
%

(9) m =
5

(10) n =
2

v =
%
Unit vector in the
direction
of v

v =
%

Answer : 1)

10 ;

54
3
5

2) 17 ;

15
17
8
17

3) 10 ;

53
4
5

4) 41 ;

419
40
41

5) 15 ;

45
3
5

49
6)

25 ;

24
25
7
25

Addition, Subtraction and Multiplication of Vectors

1. Given a 2 i 5 j , b i 4 j and c 3i 7 j , find the following vectors in terms of i

% % % % %

% %

(1) 2b

(2) 3a

(3) 4c

(6) 2a b

% %

(7) b c

(8)

% %

(12) b 12 a

ba
% %

(11) 3c 2a

% %

1
2

(13)

1
1
a b
5
4

(4)

1
2

a
%

and j .

%
(5) a 3b

% %

(9) a 3b

(10) 4b c

% %

%%

(14) c 3b

(15)

4
ab
5

50
Answer :

2 i 3 j
% %

8)

1)
5
2

i 3j
% %

2) 6 i 15 j
% %

2i 8 j
% %

9) i 17 j
% %

10)

7 i 23 j
% %

12 i 28 j
% %

3)

11) 13i 11 j
% %

13
i
5

3
% 4

i 52 j
% %

12)

132 j
%

2
6
and c , express the following in the form of
% 5
% 1

Given a , b

2.
(1) 4b

(2) 2c

(6) 2c a

(7) 3a b

% %

(11)

4)

3b a
% %
=

% %

(12) 4a c

% %

(3)

1
2

a
%

5) 5 i 7 j
% %

13)

13
i
20

6) 5 i 6 j
% %

14)

5j

x
.
y

(4) 2a b

% %

(5) b 3c

% %

(8) 2b c

(9) c 2a

(10) 3c 2b

%%

(13)

1
a 2c
2

% %

(14) b c

% %

(15) 2a b c

7)

15)

51

Answer :

0

9

8
1)
20

22

13

12
2)
2

3)

32

2

13

16

4)

15

5)

7)

10

11

8)

9)

10)

19

17

11)

3.

uuur
PQ .
(1)

12)

uuur
x
Write vector PQ in the form and determine its magnitude. Hence, find the unit vector in the direction of vector
y
(2)

y
P(11, 2)
x

(3)
y

y
Q(7 ,
9)

P(5 ,
4)

(4)
y

O
x

Q(3 ,
4)

-2 Q

54
8
; 10 ; 3
6
5

4.

P(3,2)

uuur
AB .

11

6)

12
12
13
; 13 ; 5
5

13

uuur

Write vector AB in terms of i and j and find its magnitude. Hence, find the unit vector in the direction of vector

(1) O(0 , 0) , A(4 , 30) and B(3 , 6).

(2) O(0 , 0) , A(5 , 2) and B(3 , 4).

(3) O(0,0) , A(2,-3) , B(7,9)

52

8i 6 j ; 10 ;
% %

7 i 24 j ; 25 ; 257 i
% %
%

5.

24
25

j
%

4
5

i 35 j
% %
5
12
i
j
13
13

Given a 3i 4 j , b 2 i j and c i 5 j , find in terms of i and j , the unit vector in the direction of the vectors

% % % %

below.

%%

(1) 2a b c

% %

(2) 3a 2b c

% %%

(3) a b c

% % %

4 i 19 j ; 377 ;
% %

5i 4 j ; 41 ;
% %
(4) a b c

5
41

i
%

4
41

4
377

i
%

19
377

j
%

j
%
(5)

2a 2b 2c

(6) a b 2c

53

6. Given the point P,Q and R are collinear. k is constant. Find the value of k and the ratio of PQ : QR.

54
1.

QR 2a (1 k )b

PQ 3a b

[
4.

5
3

2.

PQ 3ka b

QR ( 2k 4) a 2b

PQ 2a b

QR a (1 k )b

[h=5

; 3:2 ]

[k = 1
5.

PQ 2a 4b

3.

PQ ( 2k 1) a b

; k = -1 ]

; 1:2 ]

QR 8a 4b

6.

PQ 3a kb

QR 4a ( 4 8k )b

QR 3a (1 7 k )b

[k = -1

3
2

; 1:4 ]

; 2 :3 ]

7. The vector a and b are non-zero and non-parallel. Where h and k are constants. Find the value of h and k.

3
5

; 3:4 ]

55
1.

(h 3)a (k 7)b

2.

[h = 3

(5 k )a (2 h)b

3.

; k = 7 ]

[h = 5
[k =-5

4.

(h 4) a (h k 5)b

5.

[h = -4

(h k 4) a ( k 1)b

; k = -1 ]

; h=2 ]

(h k 2)a (h k 4)b

6.

(h 2k 3)a ( h k 6)b

; k = -1 ]
[h = 1

SPM QUESTIONS PAPER 1

; k=3 ]

[k = -1

;h=5 ]

1. SPM 2003 P1 Q12

2. SPM2003 P1Q13

3. SPM 2004 P1 Q16

Given that O(0,0) A(-3,4) and B(2,16),

p = 2a +3 b

find in terms of unit vectors, i and j , 56

%

q=4ab

uuur
(a) AB

r = ha + (h-k) b, where h

(b) the unit vector in the direction of

Use the information given to find the

values of h and k when r = 3p -2q

uuur
AB

[3marks]
[4marks]

uuurDiagram
uuur shows two vectors,
OP and QO .
Express

uuur

uuur
(b) OQ in the form xi yj
% %
(a) OP in the form

[2marks]

h = 2 , k = 13)

5
( , -8i+4j)
3

4.

SPM 2004 P1 Q17

5. SPM 2005 P1Q15

(a) 5i 12 j (b)

6.

SPM 2005 P1 Q 16

Given that A(-2,6), B(4,2) and

C(m,p), find the value of m and of

uuur

uuur

p such that AB 2BC 10i 12 j

[4 marks]
O

A MB

6b
P

Oy

Q
T

R(3,4)
x
4a

5
12
i
j
13
13

57
SPM QUESTIONS PAPER 2
1. SPM 2003 P2 Q 6

2. SPM 2004 P2 Q 8
Diagram shows triangle OAB. The straight
line AP intersects the straight line OQ at R.
It is given that OP=

uuur 5
uuur k
2
Given that AB , OB and CD , find
3
7
5

(a) the coordinate of A

[2 marks]
uuur
(b) the unit vector in the direction of OA
[2marks]
uuur
uuur
(c) the value of k, if CD is parallel to AB
[2marks]

uuur
uuur
1
1
OB , AQ AB ,OP 6x and OA 2 y
%
3
4
%
(a) Express in terms of x and y
u
uur
uuur
(i) AP (ii ) OQ
[4marks]

uuur
uuur
uuur
(b) (i) Given that AR h AP , state AR in terms of h, x and y
%
%
uuur
uuur
uuur
(ii) Given that RQ k OQ , state RQ in terms of k, x and y
%
%
[2marks]

uuur

uuur

(c) Using AR and RQ from (b) , find the value of h and of k.

[4marks]

1 3
25
(ans:( -3,-4), ,
)
5 4
7

(ans : -2y+6x, 3y/2 +9x/2, h(6x-2y), k(9x/2 +3y/2, k=1/3, h=1/2)

58
3.

SPM 2005 P2 Q 6

4.

SPM 2006 P2 Q 5

Diagram shows a trapezium ABCD.

Diagram shows a quadrilateral ABCD. AED and
EFC are straight lines.
It is given that

uuur
uuur
uuuu
r
1
AB 20x , AE 8 y , DC 25x 24 y , AE AD
%
%
4
%
%
3
and EF EC
5

uuur

uuuu
r

uuur

It is given that AB 2 y , AD 6x , AE

r
2 uuuu
AD and
3

uuur 5 uuuu
r
BC AD .
6
uuuur

(a) Express AC , in terms of x and y

[2marks]

uuur

(a) Express in terms of x) and y

m is a constant.

uuur
uuur
(i) BD (ii ) EC

uuur

(b) Point F lies inside the trapezium ABCD such that 2 EF m AB , and

uuur

(i) Express AF , in terms of m, x and y

%
%

[3marks]
(b) Show that the points B,F and D are collinear

(ii) Hence, if the points A,F and C are collinear, find the value of m
[5marks]

[3marks]

uuur

(C) if x 2 and y 3 , find BD

[2

(ans : -20x+32y, 25x, 104 )

[ PQ 2 y 5 x ;

AF m y 4 x

; m=

8
]
5

59
5.

SPM 2007 P2Q8

6.

SPM 2008 P2Q6

In the diagram, ABCD is a quadrilateral. The diagonals BD and AC

intersect at
point R. Point P lies on AD.
It is given that , , and .

(a) Express in terms of and :

(i)
C

Diagram shows triangle AOB. The point P lies on OA

and the point Q lies on AB. The straight line BP
intersects the straight line OQ at the point S. It is
given that
OA: OP = 4:1, AB : AQ = 2 : 1,

uuur
uuur
OA 8x , OB 6 y
%
%

uuur

uuur

(ii) OQ

uuur

uuur

uuur

[3 marks]

b) Given that DC k x y and AR h AC , where h and k are

constants,
find the value of h and of k.
marks]

(a) Express in terms of x and y :

(i) BP

(ii)

[4

uuur

(b) Using [3marks]

OS hOQ and BS k BP , where h and k are
constants,
find the value of h and of k.
[5marks]
(c ) Given that x 2units , y =3 units and AOB =90 , find

uuur
AB

[2marks]

[(a)(i)

BP 2 x 6 y

(ii)

OQ 4 x 3 y

(b) h

2
5

,k

4
5

(c)
24.08

[Answer : (a)(i)

DB x 3 y

(ii) AR

2
3

x y (b) h

1
2

, k 43 ]

60
7. SPM 09 P2 , Q 5
Diagram below shows triangles ABC. The straight line AQ
intercepts the straight line BR at P.
C

8. SPM 10 P2 , Q9
Diagram below shows triangles OAB. The point C lies on OA and the
point D lies on AB. The straight line OD intercepts the straight line
BC at the point E.
C

Q
P

A
It is given that

B
2
AR = 3RC, BQ =
BC , AB = 3 x
3

and AC = 4 y
a) Express in terms of x and y
a)
BC
AQ
b)
[ 3 marks ]
b) It Is given that AP = h AQ and AP = AR + k
RB , where h and k are constants. Find the value of
h and of k.
[ 5 marks ]

B
It is given that
2 AD

OA = x

, OB =

a) Express in terms of x and

i)
BC
ii)
OD
[ 4 marks ]

, OC =

2
OA
3

and AB =

b) It Is given that OE = h OD and BE = k BC , where h

and k are constants. Express OE
i)
in terms of h, x and y
ii)
in terms of k, x and y
[ 3 marks ]
c) Hence, find the value of h and of k.
[ 3 marks ]

61
[ BC

=3 x + 4

y , AQ

= x +

8
3

,h

9
3
,k=
]
11
11
TRIGONOMETRY ( CHAPTER 5 F5 )

Six Trigonometric Functions of any Angle (1).

1. Given that sin x p and 00 < x < 900. Express each of the following trigonometric ratios in terms of p.
(a)

(b) cosec x =

(c) tan x =

(d) cot x =

(e) sin ( 900- x) =

(f) cos (900- x) =

(g) sec (900- x) =

(h) cosec (900 x) =

(i) tan ( 90o - x) =

(j) cot ( 90o x ) =

(k) sin(-x) =

(l) cos (-x) =

sec x =

62

2. Given that sin x

8
and 2700< x < 3600.
17

Without using tables or calculator, find the values of.

(a) cos x =

(b) tan x =

(c) cosec x =

(d) sec x =

(e) cos (900 x) =

(f) sin ( 900 x ) =

(g) sin (-x) =

(h) tan (-x) =

2. 3. Given that cos x -

8
and 1800< x < 2700. Without using tables or calculator, find the values of
17

(a) sin x =

(b) tan x =

(c) cosec x =

(d) sec x =

(e) sec (900 x) =

(f) cot ( 900 x ) =

(g) sin (-x) =

(h) cos (-x) =

63

Six Trigonometric Functions of Any Angle (2)

Solve each of the following trigonometric equations for 0 0< x < 3600.

1.

sin x + cos 40o = 0

2.

cos x sin 40o = 0

3.

sin( x + 10o) = 0.5

64

4.

cos( x 40o) = 0.5

5.

sin (2x + 10o) = 0.5

6.

7.

1
sin( x 80 o ) - 0.5
2

8.

cos(

1
x - 10 o ) - 0.5
2

9.

10.

2 sin 3x = 1

13. 2 sin x cos x = sin x

11.

sec 2x = 2

14.

2 sin x cos x = cos x

12.

cos(2x 40o) = 0.5

4 tan 2x = -1

cot

1
x4
2

15. 2 tan2x + tan x 3 = 0

y0

65
Graphs of Trigonometric Functions
1. Sketching the graphs of each of the following trigonometric functions for 0 x 2 . ( Graphs of sine )
(a).

y sin x

(b).

y 2 sin x

(c).

y 3 sin x

y sin x 1

1
sin x
2

(e)

y sin x

(f)

(g)

y 2 sin x 1

(h)

y 2 sin x 1

(i)

(j)

y 2 sin x 1

(d). y

(k) y sin 2 x

l)

y sin x

y 2 sin 2 x 1

2. Sketching the graphs of each of the following trigonometric functions for 0 x 2 . ( Graphs of cosine )
(a).

y cos x

(b).

y 2 cos x

(c).

y 3 cos x

yy

66

xx

00

1
cos x
2

(e)

y cos x

(f)

(g)

y 2 cos x 1

(h)

y 2 cos x 1

(i)

(j)

y 2 cos x 1

(d). y

(k) y cos 2 x

(l)

y cos x 1

y cos x

y=

2 cos 2 x 1

3. Sketching the graphs of each of the following trigonometric functions for 0 x 2 . ( Graphs of tangent )
(a).

y tan x

(b).

y tan x

(c).

y tan x

67

(d). y tan 2 x

(e)

y tan 2 x

Basic Identities
1. Prove each of the following trigonometric identities

(f)

y tan 2 x

68
1. cos2 x sin2 x = 2 cos2 x 1

2. cos 2 x sin2 x = 1 - 2 sin2 x

3. sin2 x cos2 y = sin2 y cos2 x

4. tan2 x + sin2 x = sec2 x cos2x

5. tan2 x sin2 x = tan2 x sin2 x

6. cot2 x cos2 x = cot2 x cos2 x

7.

10.

1
1

2 cos ec 2 x
1 cos x 1 - cos x

cos ec x - sin x
sec x tan x
cot x - cos x

8.

11.

1
1

2 sec 2 x
1 sin x 1 - sin x

1 cos x
sin x

2 cos ec x
sin x
1 cos x

9.

sec x - cos x
cos ec x cot x
tan x - sin x

12.

1 sin x
cos x

2 sec x
cos x
1 sin x

69

13.

1 - tan 2 x
x2 y
cos 2 x - sin
1 tan 2 x

16. cot x tan x = 2 cot 2x

14.

sec 2 x 1
1

2
2
sec x - 1
cos x - sin 2 x

17.tan2 x sec2 x +

2
=
sec 2 x

15. cos4x sin4x = cos 2x

18.sin 2x ( cot x cosec 2x ) = cos 2x

cos 2x

2. Solve each of the following trigonometric equations for 0 0< x < 3600.
1. sin2 x + 5 cos2 x = 4
2. sec 2 x + 3 tan2 x = 5

[ 45o , 135o, 225o , 315o]

3. 4 sin2 x - 4 cos x 1 = 0

[ 60o , 300o]

70
[ 30o , 150o, 210o , 330o]
2

5. 4 sec2 x 12 tan x + 5 = 0

4. 4 cos x + 12 sin x 9 = 0

6. 3 sec2 x 5 ( tan x + 1) = 0

[ 56.31o , 236.31]

[ 63.43o , 161.57o, 243.43o , 341.57o]

[ 30 , 150 ]
o

7. 2 cot2 x 5 cosec x + 4 = 0

8. 2 cot2 x = 7 cosec x - 8

9. 3 sin x -2 cosec x + 1 = 0

[ 30o ,41.81o ,138.19o, 150o ]

[ 41.81o , 138.19o, 270o ]

[ 30 , 150 ]
o

10. 6 cos x -2 sec x 1 = 0

11. sin x - 2 cos x = 0

12. Cot x 2 cos x = 0

[ 64.43o ,243.43]

[ 48.19o , 120o, 240o , 311.81o]

[ 30o ,90o, 150o ,270o]

SPM QUESTIONS -PAPER 1

1. ( SPM 2003 P1 No.20)

2. ( SPM 2003 P1 No.21)

Given that tan t , 0 0 90 0 , express, in terms of t :

Solve the equation 6 sec2 A 13 tan A = 0, 0 0 A 360 0 .

[ 4 marks ]

(a) cot ,
(b) sin(90 ).

[ 3 marks ]

71

(a)

1
t

213.69 , 236.31

t2 +1

3. ( SPM 2004 P1 No.18)

Solve the equation cos
0 0 x 360 0 .
[ 4 marks ]

(b)

33.69o, 56.31o,

4. ( SPM 2005 P1 No.17)

x sin

x = sin x for

Solve the equation 3 cos 2x = 8 sin x -5 for 0 0 x 360 0 .

[ 4 marks ]

30o, 150o , 270o

5. ( SPM 2006 P1 No.15)

41.81o, 138.19o
6. ( SPM 2007 P1 No.15)

Solve the equation 15 sin 2 x = sin x + 4 sin 30o for

0 0 x 360 0 .
[ 4 marks ]

Solve the equation cot x + 2 cos x = 0 for 0 o x 360 o .

[ 4 marks ]

72
o

199.47 , 340.53

23.58o, 156.42o,

90o, 210o, 270o, 330o

7. ( SPM 2008 P1 No.17)

8.

(SPM 2009 P1 Q16)

Given that sin p , where p is a constant and

90 0 180 0 .

Solve the equation

360o [ 3 marks ]

3 sin x cos x cos x = 0 for 0 o

Find in terms of p :
(a) cos ec ,
(b) sin 2 .
marks ]

[3

(a)

1
p

(b) -

[19o28, 90o, 160o32 , 270o]

2 p 1 p2

9. (SPM 2009 P1 Q17)

10. (SPM 2010 P1

Given cos

5
4
It is given that sin A =
and cos B =
, where A is
13
5
an obtuse angle and B is an acute angle. Find

Q18 )

= p , find tan2 .

a) tan A
b) cos ( A B )
[ 3 marks ]

1. ( SPM 2003 P2 No. 8 )

(a) Prove that tan cot 2 cos ec 2 .
marks ]

5
12

33
65

1 p2
p2

SPM QUESTIONS -PAPER 2

2. ( SPM 2004 P2 No. 3 )
[4

(a) Sketch the graph y = cos 2x for 0 0 x 180 0 .

[ 3 marks ]

73
(b) (i) Sketch the graph y 2 cos

3
x for 0 x 2
2

(b) Hence, by drawing a suitable straight line on the same

axes, find the number of solutions satisfying the equation
2 sin 2 x 2 -

(ii) Find the equation of a suitable straight line for

3
3
x
x -1 .
2
4
Hence, using the same axes, sketch the
straight line and state the number of
solutions to the equation
solving the equation

cos

3
3
x
x - 1 for 0 x 2 .
2
4
marks]
cos

x
for 0 o x 180 0 .
180
[ 3 marks ]

[6

[ nu
mber of solution = 2 ]
[ number of solution = 3 ]

3. (SPM 2005 P2 No.5)

(a) Prove that cosec

x 2 sin

4. ( SPM 2006 P2 No. 4 )

2

x cot2 x = cos 2x.

(a) Sketch the graph y = -2cos x for 0 x 2 .

[4

74
[ 2 marks ]

marks ]

(b) (i) Sketch that graph of y = cos 2x for

0 x 2 .

(b) Hence, using the same axis, sketch a suitable graph to find

2 cos x 0 for
x
0 x 2 . State the number of solutions.
[ 3 marks ]

the number of solutions to the equation

(ii) Hence, using the same axes, draw a suitable

straight line to find the number of solutions to the
equation 3( cosec2 x 2 sin2 x cot2 x) =
0 x 2 .

- 1 for

State the number of solutions.

[6

marks ]

[ nu
mber of solution = 2

[ number of solution = 4 ]

5. ( SPM 2007 P2 No. 3 )

6.

( SPM 2008 P2 No. 4 )

75
(a) Sketch the graph
[ 4 marks ]

y 3 cos 2 x

for 0 x 2 .

(a) Prove that

number of solutions.

(b) (i) Sketch the graph y tan 2 x for 0 x .

x
for 0 x 2 . State the
2
[ 3 marks ]

(ii)

Hence, using the same axes, sketch a suitable straight

line to find the number of solutions for the equation

3x
2 tan x

0 for 0 x .
2 sec 2 x
of solutions.

[ number of solution = 8 ]

[ number of solution = 3

7.

( SPM 2009 P2 No. 4 )

[2

marks ]

(b) Hence, using the same axis, sketch a suitable

straight line to find the number of solutions to the
equation 2 3 cos 2 x

2 tan x
tan 2 x .
2 sec 2 x

8.

( SPM 2010 P2 No.2 )

[ 6 marks]

State the number

76
a)

Sketch the graph of y =

0 x

a)
Sketch the graph of y = 1 + 3 cos x for 0 x 2 .
[ 4 marks]

3
cos 2x for
2

3
. [ 3marks]
2

b)
Hence, using the same axes, sketch a suitable
straight line to find the number of solutions for the
4
3
3
x cos 2 x
for 0 x .
3
2
2
the number of solutions.
[ 6 marks]
equation

b)
Hence, using the same axes, sketch a suitable straight line
to find the number of solutions for the equation 6 cos x = 4
3x for 0 x 2 .
State the number of solutions.
[3 marks]

State

[ number of solution = 2
[ number of solution = 3

77
PERMUTATIONS AND COMBINATIONS ( CHAPTER 6 F5)
1. ( SPM 2003 P1 No.22)

2. ( SPM 2003 P1 No.23)

Diagram shows 6 letters and 4 digits.

A table tennis team consists of 7 students. The team will be

chosen from a group of 8 boys and 5 girls. Find the number of
teams that can be formed such that each team consists of
(a) 4 boys,

D
8

A code is to be formed using those letters and digits. The

code must consist of 3 letters followed by 2 digits. How many
codes can be formed if no letter or digits is repeated in each
code ?
[ 3 marks ]

(b) not more than 2 girls.

marks ]

[4

(a) 700 (b) 708

360

3. ( SPM 2004 P1 No.23)

4. ( SPM 2005 P1 No.22)

Diagram shows five cards of different letters .

A debating team consists of 5 students. These 5 students are

chosen from 4 monitors, 2 assistant monitors and 6 prefects.
Calculate the number of different ways the committee
can be formed if

(a) Find the number of possible arrangement, in a row, of

all the cards.
(b) Find the number of these arrangements in which the
letters E and A are side by side.
[ 4 marks ]

(a) there is no restriction,

(b) the team contains only 1 monitor and exactly 3
prefects.
[ 4 marks ]

78
(a) 120 (b) 48
(a) 792 (b) 160

5. ( SPM 2006 P1 No.22)

Diagram shows seven letter cards
U

A four-letter code is to be formed using four of these

cards.
Find
(a) the number of different four-letter codes that can be
formed,

6. ( SPM 2007 P1 No.23)

A coach wants to choose 5 players consisting of 2 boys and 3
girls to form a badminton team. These 5 players are chosen
from a group of 4 boys and 5 girls.
Find
(a) the number of ways the team can be formed,
(b) the number of ways the team members can be arranged
in arrow for a
group photograph, if the three girls sit next to each
other.
[ 4 marks ]

(b) the number of different four-letter codes which end

with a consonant.

(a)
840

(b) 480

(a) 60

7. ( SPM 2008 P1 No.23)

Diagram shows six numbered cards
3

A four-digit number is to be formed by using four of these

cards.
How many
(a) different numbers can be formed ?
(b) different odd numbers can be formed ?
[ 4 marks ]

(b) 36

8. ( SPM 2009 P1 No.22)

There are 4 different Science books and 3 different
Mathematics books on a shelf. Calculate the number of
different ways to arrange all the books in a row if
(a) no condition is imposed
(b) all the Mathematics book are next to each other.
[ 4 marks ]

79

(a) 5040
(a) 360 (b)240

PROBABILITY ( CHAPTER 7 F5 )

(b)720

1. A bag contains 6 blue marbles and

k red marbles. If a marble is picked
randomly from the bag, the probability
of picking a red marble is

3
. Find the
5

2. Two dice, one white and one black,

are rolled together. Calculate the
probability that the score on the white
dice is twice the score on the black
dice.

value of k.

3. A box contains 40 marbles. Some

are green and some are red. If a marble
is drawn at random from the box, the
probability that a green marble drawn is

2
. Calculate
5

(a) the number of red marbles in the

box,
(b) the number of red marbles that
have to be added to the box such that
the probability to draw a red marble
15
becomes
.
23

9
1
12

4. Bag I contains 2 blue marbles and

6 black marbles while bag II
contains 3 blue marbles and 4 black
marbles. If a marble is chosen at
random from each bag, calculate
the probability that
(a)
(b)

both the marbles are black,

the marble from bag I is blue
and the marble from bag II is
black.
(c) At least one of the marbles
chosen is black.

(a)

3
7

(b)

1
7

(c)

5. Two six-faced unbiased dice are

rolled together. Calculate the
probability that
(a) the sum of two numbers is 8.
(b) The difference of two numbers is
5,
(c) The sum of two numbers is 8 or
The difference of two numbers is
5.

25
28

(a)
7. A marble is drawn at random from
a box containing 3 black marbles, 4
green marbles and 5 white
marbles.
(a) What is the probability of

5
36

(b)

1
18

(c)

7
36

8. Box C contains marbles of which 4

are black and 6 are yellow. Two
marbles are drawn at random, one
after another with replacement.
Determine the probability that

(a) 24 (b) 6
6. In a soccer match between team A
and team B, the result can be a draw
or a win for team A or a win for team
B. The probability that team A and
team B will win are

1
1
and
3
2

respectively. In two matches,

calculates the probability that team A
will win once and draw once.

1
18

9. At Halims shop, there are 5

refrigerators, P, Q, R, S and T and 4
washing machines, A, B, C and D. If a
refrigerator and a washing machine are
chosen at random, calculate the
probability that refregerators P or Q and

80

81
SPM QUESTIONS
1.

SPM 2004 (No.24 / Paper 1)

A box contains 6 white marbles
and k black marbles. If a marble is
picked randomly from the box, the
probability of getting a black marble is
3
. Find the value of k.
[3 marks]
5

2. SPM 2005 (No. 24 / Paper 1)

The following table shows the
number of coloured cards in a box
Colour
Number of Cards
Black
5
Blue
4
Yellow
3
Two cards are drawn at random from
the box. Find the probability that both
cards are of the same colour.
[3 marks]

k=9

4. SPM 2008 (No. 24 / Paper 1)

The probability of Sarah being
3
chosen as a school prefect is
5
while the probability of Aini being
7
chosen is
. Find the probability that
12
(a) neither of them is chosen as a
school
prefect,
(b) only one of them is chosen as a
school
prefect.
[4 marks]

19
66

5. SPM 2009 (No. 23 / Paper 1)

The probability that a student is a
librarian is 0.2 . Three students are
chosen at random . Find the probability
that
(a) all three are librarians,
(b) only one of them is librarian.
[4 marks]

(a) 0.008 (b) 0.384

(a) 1
6

29
(b) 60

3. SPM 2006 (No. 23 / Paper 1)

The probability that Hamid qualifies for
2
the final of a track event is
while the
5
1
probability that Mohan qualifies is
.
3
Find the probability that
a) both of them qualify for the final,
b) only one of them qualifies for the
final.
[ 3 marks]

7
2
(a) 15
(b) 15

6. SPM 2010 (NO. 24 / Paper 1 )

In a selection of a class monitor, the
probability that student X is chosen is
1
, while the probability that either
3
2
student X or student Y chosen is
.
5
Find the probability that
a) Student Y is chosen
b) Student X or student Y is not
chosen.

1
;
15

3
]
5

82
PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS ( CHAPTER 8 F5 )
1. List all possible value of a discrete random variable
a) If X represents the number of pupils scoring 12A in a
b)
If Y represents the number of times of getting the
group of 5 pupils, list all the possible values of X.
number 1 when tossing a fair dice three times, list all the
possible values of Y.
c) A pupil takes English examination 8 times. If Z
represents the number of times he passes the
examination, list all the possible values of Z.

2. Determine the probability of an event in a binomial distribution.

P ( X r ) nCr p r q n r , p q 1

d) 3 marbles are chosen from a bag containing 5 red

marbles and 4 black marbles. If X represents the number of
black marbles chosen, list all the possible values of X.

83
Given p = 0.7 , q =
n=5,
r =3
Find P(X = 3).

Given p = 0.2 , q =
n = 10 ,
r =2
Find P(X = 2).

a)

Given p = 0.12 , q =
n = 10 ,
r =2
Find P(X = 2).
d)

Given p = 0.45 , q =
n=7,
r =3
Find P( X = 3).

b)

[0.3087]

c)

[ 0.3020]

e) The probability that Bernard will

be late for a meeting is 0.6. Find the
probability that Bernard will be late for
3 out of five meetings.

[0.2918]

f) The probability that Minmin scoring

1A for English in the monthly test is
0.4. Find the probability that Minmin will
be scoring 1A for English twice out of 6
monthly tests.

a) Siva has to play 4 games. The probability that Siva will

b) A dice is tossed 4 times. The probability of getting the
win a game is 0.55. If the binomial random variable X
9
number 2 is
. If the binomial random variable X
represents the number of games
that Siva won,find the
[ 0.2330]
20
probability that Siva wins 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 games .
0.3110]
represents the
number of times of getting the number [2,
[ 0.3456]
Plot a binomial distribution graph.
find the probability of getting 0,1,2,3,or 4 times of number
g)The probability that Chandra wins in h)The probability that
Ahmad
2.Plot
a wears
binomial distribution graph.
a singing competition is 0.65. Find the batik shirt for a meeting is 0.55. Find
probability that Chandra will win 4 out the probability that Ahmad will wear
of 6 singing competitions.
batik shirt for 2 out of five meetings.

[ 0.3280]

3.

Plot binomial distribution graphs.

[ 0.2757]

84

4. Determine mean, variance and standard deviation of a binomial distribution. np ; 2 npq ; npq

; p q 1

85
1
6

a) Given n =200, p , Find the

value of
i) q,
iii)

ii)
iv)

b)

1
3

Given n =100, p , Find the

value
of
i) q,

ii)

iii) 2

iv)

c) Johnny attempted 60 questions

with 4 options to choose from. There is
only one correct answer for each
question. Johnny guessed all the
answers .Find
(a) the mean number of questions that
he will get it right.
(b) the variance and the standard
deviation of the number of correct
answers obtained.

[15, 11.25 ,3.354]

d) Given that a class consists of 30

students, 70% of them pass in a
mathematics test. Find
(a) the mean number of students pass
the test.
(b) the variance and the standard
deviation of the number of
students pass the test

e) A fair dice is rolled 15 times

continuously. The probability of

[21, 6.3, 2.510]

[2.5, 2.083,1.443]

obtaining the number 2 is

1
. Find
6

(a) the mean number of times that

number 2 appears
(b) the variance and the standard
deviation of number 2 is obtained.

f) Given that 30 bombs were released

by a jet fighter, the probability that a
bomb will hit its target is 0.65. Find
(a) the mean number bombs hit its
target.
(b) the variance and the standard
deviation of the number of bombs hit
its target

[19.5,6.825,2.612]

86
1.

D5.

Solve problems involving binomial distributions. P( X r ) nCr p r q n r , p q 1

a) In SMK Simpang Lima, the

probability of a pupil being latein Form
3D is 8%. Calculate the probability
that in a group of 10 students from
Form 3D, the number of pupils being
late is
(i) exactly two
(ii) less than two

b) Given that 12 bombs were released

by a jet fighter, the probability that a
bomb will hit its target is 0.65. calculate
the probability that
(a) exactly 10 bombs hit the target
(b) all the bombs hit the target

c) In Kuantan, the probability that a

[ 0.1088, 0.005688]

[ 0.2013, 0.6778]

d) 72 % of the pupils in Form 5D pass

their aptitude test. If 4 pupils are
selected at random from the class.
Calculate the probability that
(i) at least half of the selected pupils
pass their aptitude test
(ii) at most 1 of the selected pupils
pass heir aptitude test,

e) In a shooting competition, the

chance for John to hit the target on any
one shot is 95%. John fires 8 shots. Find
the probability that
(i) at least 7 shots hit the target
(ii) at most 3 of the shots hit the
target.

f) A fair dice is tossed 10 times

continuously. The probability of
1
obtaining the number 2 is . Find
6
the probability of getting
(i) number 2 not more than 3
tosses
(ii) number 2 in 4 or more tosses

[ 0.9306, 0.0694]

[0.9428, 0.0000154]

[ 0.9303,0.0697]

g) In an examination, 70% of the

students passed. If a sample of 8
students is randomly selected, find the
probability that 6 students from the
sample passed the examination.

h) Senior citizens make up 20% of the

population of a settlement.
If 7 people are randomly selected from
the settlement, find the probability that
at least two of them are senior citizens.

i) The result of a study shows that 20%

of the pupils in a city cycle to school. If
8 pupils from the city are chosen at
random, calculate the probability that
(i) exactly 2 of them cycle to school

[ 0.1478, 0.8121]

teenager owns a mobile phone is

4
.A
5

group of 10 teenagers are selected at

random from Kuantan. Find the
probability
(i) that exactly 7 of the selected
teenagers own a mobile phone.
(ii) at least 8 of the selected teenagers
own a mobile phone.

87

88
6. Given that Z is the standard normal distribution
variable, find the values for the following:
a) P(Z>0.2)
b)
P(Z>1.2)

[ 0.4207 ]

P( Z > -1.511)

[ 0.1151 ]

P( Z > -0.203)

[0.9346]

P ( 0.2 < Z < 1.2)

P ( 0 Z 1.511 )

P( Z < -0.6 )

[0.5805]

[0.1996]

p ( 2.671 Z 0)

[ 0.4346]

P ( Z 1.334 )

[0.9077]

P ( 0.203 Z 1.327 )

[0.7085]

P ( -1.013 < Z < -0.203 )

[ 0.2075]

[0.2640]

p ( 2.907 Z 1.589)

[ 0.4882]
[0.94216]

P ( Z 1.112 )

[ 0.5320]

[ 0.0668]

P( Z < 0.549 )

P( -1.5 < Z < -0.6)

[0.49622]

P ( Z 0.625 )

[0.1824]

[ 0.2743]

P( Z < 1.327)

P( 0.548< Z < 1.327 )

[0.3056]

P ( Z < -1.5)

P ( Z 0.336 )

[ 0.7338]

[ 0.2630]

89
7. Find the z-score for each of the following:
P( Z > z ) =0.4207
P(Z > z) =0.1151

[0.2]

P( Z > z ) = 0.5805

P( Z < z ) =0.2743

[1.2]

P( Z > z ) = 0.9346

[-0.203 ]

P( -1.2 Z z ) =0.2369, z
<0

[-0.38]

P( Z < z ) =0.0668

[-0.6]

P( Z < z ) = 0.9332

[-1.511]

P( z Z 0.5 ) =0.6152, z <

0

[-1.431]

[-1.5]

P( Z< z ) = 0.8757

[1.5]

[1.154]

p ( z Z 1.327) 0.4882, z 0

p (0.2 Z z ) 0.3056, z 0.2

[-0.203]

[1.2]

90
8. For each normal distribution below, convert the random variable X to standardized variable Z. Then, find the probability of
the event given the mean and
the standard deviation.
a)

b)

c)

d)

12

43.26

68

43

10

50

70

50

10

10

Probabili
ty of
event

Probabili
ty of
event

Probabili
ty of
event

Probabili
ty of
event

P(Z>z)

P( Z<z)

P(Z>z)

P( Z >z)

[ 0.667, 0.2523]

[-0.674, 0.2501]

[ -0.2 , 0.5793]

[ -0.875, 0.6184]

91
9.
Solve problems involving normal distributions.
a) X is random variable of a normal
a) X is random variable of a normal
distribution with mean and standard distribution with mean 4.8 and
deviation
6. Findvariable of a normal
standard
1.2random
. Find variable
g)
X is random
h)
X is a deviation
continuous
(i) the valuewith
of ,if10
theand
z-value
is 1.5 such
(i) thethat
value
of X if
the
scorethat
=1.5
,25
).z
distribution
standard
X~N(
Given

when X=
(ii)
P
(X
3.2)
deviation
3. .42
Find the value of k if
P (X < 9)= 0.7257. Find the value of .
(ii)
P(
X<47)
P( X < k) = 0.975

[15.88]

c) X is random variable of a normal

distribution with mean 6.7 and standard
deviation
1.5.variable
Find
i)
A random
X has a normal
(i) the z-score
given
X=4.6
distribution
with
mean
50 and variance,
2 P ( X 4.6)
(ii)
. Given that
P (X > 51) = 0.288, find the value of

[6]
[1.789]

j) X is random variable of a normal

distribution with mean 38.5 [33,
and0.9909]
d)
X
is
random
variable
of
a
normal
variance 10.24 . Find the value
of a

distribution
with
mean
given
P (X >
a) =
0.268 and
variance 2.25. Find
(i) the value of if the z score =2
when X = 8.5
(ii) P (X < 7)

k) Diagram below shows a standard

[6.6, 0.9087]
F(z)
normal distribution graph.
e) X is random variable of a normal
distribution with mean 108 and
standard deviation 10. Find
(i) the Z score if X=100
(ii) P ( 100 X 108)

l) The diameters of the marbles

[-1.4, 0.9192]
produced by a factory are normally
f)
X
is
random
variable
of
a
normal
distributed with a mean of 9mm and a
distribution
with mean
24mm.
and standard
standard
deviation
of 0.1
Diagram
deviation
2.5.the
Find
below
shows
normal distribution
(i)
P( Xfor
>26
graph
the) diameter of the marbles,
(ii)
value
of
k if P( X < k) = 0.1151
X mm

If P(0< z < k)=0.3128, find P(z > k)

=9
h
X
It is given that the area of the shaded
mm
region is o.4522. Find the value of h

[5.5, 0.8413]

[-0.8,[0.1872]
0.2881]

[ 0.2119, 21]

[44.84]
[9.012]

92

m) Diagram below shows a

standardized normal distribution
graph.

o) Marks obtained by a group of

students in an examination are normally
distributed with a mean of 48 marks
and standard deviation of 10 marks.
(i) If a student is selected at random,
calculate the probability that the
students mark is more than 60
(ii)If 30% of the students fail in the
examination, estimate the minimum
mark required to pass the examination.

f (z)
0.3643

z
k
O
The probability represented by the
area of the shaded region is 0.3643
(i) Find the value of k.
(ii) X is a continuous random variable
which is normally distributed with a
mean of and a standard deviation
of 8.
Find the value of if X = 70 when the
z-score is k.

n) Diagram shows a standard normal

distribution graph.
The probability represented by the area
of the shaded region is 0.3485.
(i)Find the value of k
(ii) X is a continuous random variable
which is normally distributed with a
mean of 79 and a standard deviation of
3. Find the value of X when the z-score
is k

[0.1151,42.76]
[ 1.1, 61.2]

[ 1.03, 82.09]

93

p) A group of workers are given

medical check up. The blood pressure
of a worker has a normal distribution
with a mean of 130 mmHg and a
standard deviation of 16mmHg. Blood
pressure that is more than 150 mmHg
is classify as high blood pressure
(i) a worker is chosen at random from
the group. Find the probability that the
worker has a blood pressure between
114mm Hg and 150mmHg
(ii) It is found that 132 workers have
high blood pressure. Find the total
number of workers in the group.

q) The mass of a packet of cookies has

a normal distribution with mean of 248
g and a standard deviation of 16 g. Find
(i) The probability that a packet of
cookies is chosen at random has mass
between 240 g and 250 g.
(ii) the value of x if 20% of the packet of
cookies chosen at random have a mass
greater than x g

[ 0.7357, 1250]

[0.2412, 261.47]

r) In a training session with a group of

Form 5 boys, it is discovered that the
rate of heart beats has a normal
distribution with a mean of 80 beats per
minute and a standard deviation of 10
beats per minutes.
(i) If one form 5 boy is randomly
selected, find the probability that his
rate of heart beats is between 75 to 85
beats per minutes.
(ii) Given that 20% of the Form 5 boys
have rate of heart bets less than k
beats per minute, find the value of k.

[0.383, 71.58]

94

s) The life span of a type of battery

produced by a factory is normally
distributed with mean 325 hours and
standard deviation of 25 hours. Find
(i) the probability that a unit of battery
chosen at random, has a life span
between 280 hours and 350 hours,
(ii) the percentage of battery that has
a life span of more than 320 hours.

t) The mass of papayas produced by an

orchard is normally distributed with a
mean and variance 0.64 g
(i) Given that 10.5% of the papayas
produced exceed 3.5 kg. Find the value
of
(ii) The papayas that have masses less
than 1.0 kg and more than 4.0 kg are
rejected from packaging. Calculate the
percentage of acceptable papayas.

u) The mass of water melons produced

from an orchard follows a normal
distribution with a mean of 3.2kg and a
standard deviation of 0.5 kg. find
(i) the probability that a water-melon
chosen randomly from the orchard have
a mass of not more than 4.0 kg
(ii) the value of m if 60% of the water
melons from the orchard have a mass
more than m kg

[ 2.4976, 93.92%]

[ 0.9452,3.0735,]

[0.8054, 57.93%]

v) The mass of mango fruits from a

farm is normally distributed with a
mean of 820 g and standard
deviation of 100 g.
(i)Find the probability that a mango
fruit chosen randomly has a minimum
mass of 700 g.
(ii)Find the expected number of mango
fruits from a basket containing 200
fruits that have a mass of less than
700 g.

w) (a)Government servants make up

15% of the population of a village.
(i) If 8 people are selected randomly
from the village, find the probability
that at least two of them are
government servants.
(ii) If the variance of government
servants is 91.8, what is the population
of the village?
[5 marks]
(b) The height of the workers in a
factory is normally distributed with a
mean of 162.5 cm and a variance of
90.25 cm2. 180 of the workers are
between 151.3 cm and 169.7 cm tall.
Find the total number of workers in the
factory.
[ 5marks]

(x) (a) A football team is having a

practice session on scoring goals from
penalty kicks. Each player takes 10
penalty . The probability that a player
scores a goal from a penalty kick is p.
After the practice session, it is found
that the mean number of goals for a
player is 3.6
(i) Find the value of p.
(ii) If a player is chosen at random, find
the probability that he scores at least
one goal.
[5 marks]
(b) The heights of students are normally
distributed with a mean of 162 cm, and
a standard deviation of 12 cm
(i) If a student is chosen at random,
calculate the probability that his height
is less than 154 cm.
(ii)Given that 15% of the students are
taller than h cm, find the value of h
[5 marks]

[ 0.8849, 23 ]

[0.3428, 720,274]

[0.36, 0.9885, 0.2523,174.4]

95

96

SPM QUESTIONS PAPER 1

SPM 2003 P1 Q 24
Diagram shows a standard normal
distribution graph .
f(z)

z
k

If P( 0 < z < k ) = 0.3128 , find P( z >

k ) [2marks]

SPM 2003 P1 Q25

In an examination, 70% of the students
passed. If a sample of 8 students is
randomly selected, find the probability
that 6 students from thesample passed
the examination.

SPM 2005 P1 Q25

The mass of students in a school has a
normal distribution with a mean of 54
kg and a standard deviation of 12 kg.
Find
a) the mass of the students which
gives a standard score of 0.5
b) the percentage of students with
[0.2965]
mass greater than 48 kg.
SPM 2004 P1 Q25
[ 4 marks]
X is random variable of a normal with a
mean of 5.2 and a variance of 1.44 .
Find
a) The Z score if X = 6.7
b) P( 5.2 X 6.7 )

[ 0.1872 ]
[1.25 , 0.3944]

SPM 2006 P1 Q25

Diagram shows a standard normal
distribution graph .
f(z)
0.3485
O

SPM 2007 P1 Q25

X is a continuous random variable of a
normal distribution with a mean of 52
and a standard deviation of 10. Find
a) the z-score when X = 67.2
b) the value of k when P( z < k ) =
0.8849.
[ 4 marks]

[ X = 60 , 69.146%]

SPM 2008 P1 Q25

The masses of a group of students in a
school have a normal distribution with a
mean of 40 kg and a standard deviation
of 5 kg. Calculate the probability that a
student chosen at random from this
group has a mass of
a) more than 45 kg
b) between 35 kg and 47.8 kg.
[ 4 marks]

The probability represented by the

area of the shaded region is 0.3485 .
a)
Find the value of k
b) X is a continuous random variable
which is normally distributed with a
mean of 79 and a standard deviation
of 3. Find the value of X when the zscore is k.
[ 4 marks]
[k=1.03 , X = 82.09]
[ z=1.52 , k = 1.20]

SPM 2009 P1 Q25

The masses of a apples in a stall have
a normal distribution with a mean of
200 g and a standard deviation of 30
g.
a) Find the mass , in g, of an apple
whose z-score is 0.5 .

SPM 2010 P1 Q25

The discreate random variable X has a
binomial probability distribution with n
= 4 where n is the number of trials.
Diagram below shows the probability
y
distribution
of x.
1
1
k
x
0
x
1
x
2
x
3
x
4
x
16
4

[ 0.1587 , 0.7819]

97

98
SPM QUESTIONS - PAPER 2

SPM 2003 P2 Q 10

SPM 2004 P2 Q11

(a) Senior citizens make up 20% of the

SPM
2009 of
P2a Q
11
population
settlement.
A
test
paper
consists
of 40 selected
questions.
(i) If 7 people are randomly
Each
questions
is
followed
by
from the settlement, find the four
choices
of answer,
where
only
probability
that at least
two
of one
themof
these
is
correct.
are senior citizens
Salma
answers
all senior
the questions
(ii) a)
If the
variance
of the
citizens
by
randomly
choosing
in 128, what is the populationan
of the
answer for each question.[5
settlement.
Estimate the number of
marks]i)
she answered
(b) The massquestions
of the workers
in a
correctly.
factory
ii)
Find the standard
is normally
distributed
with a mean of
ofof
the
number
67.86 kg anddeviation
a variance
42.25
kg2.
of
questions
she
200 of the workers in the factory
answered
correctly.
weigh between
50 kg and
70kg. [ 5
] of worker in the
Find the totalmarks
number
b)
Basri
answers
30 questions
factory.
[5
correctly
and
randomly
marks]
choosing an answer for each of
the remaining 10 questions.
Find the probability that he
answers
i)
36 questions correctly
ii)
At least 32 questions
correctly.
[
5 marks ]

(a) A club organizes a practice session

SPM
2010 P2
Q10
for trainees
on scoring
goals from
a)
A
random
variable
, X,takes
has a8
penalty kicks. Each
trainee
binomial
distribution
with
10
penalty kicks. The probabilitytrials
that a
where
probability
of success
in each
traineethe
scores
a goal from
a penalty
trial
is
p.
The
mean
of
success
is
4.
kick is p. After the session, it is found
Calculate
that the mean number of goals for a
trainee is 4.8
i) Find the
(i)
the value
value of
of p
p.
ii)
P
(
x

2
)
(ii) If a trainee is chosen at random, find
[ 5 marks
] he scores at least
the probability
that
one goal.
[5
marks]
b)
diameter
of limes from
a farm
(b) AThe
survey
on body-mass
is done
on a
has
a
normal
distribution
with
a
mean
group of students. The mass of a
of
3.2 cm
and
a standard
deviation
of a
student
has
a normal
distribution
with
1.5
cm.
mean
ofCalculate
50kg and a standard deviation
of 15 kg
the probability
that
a lime
(i) Ifi) a student
is chosen at
random,
chosen
at
random
from
this
calculate the probability that his mass
farm
has
a
diameter
more
is less than 41kg
than12%
3.9 cm
(ii) Given that
of the students have
ii)
the
value
if 33%
the
a mass of more thanofmd kg,
findof
the
limes
have
diameters
less
value of m.
[5 marks] than d cm. [ 5 marks ]

SPM 2005 P2 Q11

(a) The result of a study shows that
20% of the pupils in a city cycle to
school. If 8 pupils from the city are
chosen at random, calculate the
probability that
(i) exactly 2 of them cycle to school
(ii) less than 3 of them cycle to school
[4marks]
(b) The mass of water melons produced
from an orchard follows a normal
distribution with a mean of 3.2kg and a
standard deviation of 0.5 kg. find
(i) the probability that a water-melon
chosen randomly from the orchard have
a mass of not more than 4.0 kg
(ii) the value of m if 60% of the water
melons from the orchard have a mass
more than m kg
[6marks]

[ 0.2936, 0.79691, 0.9452,3.0735,]

[0.2, 0.4232, 800, 0.6259, 319]
[0.6, 0.9993,0.2743,67.63]

SPM 2006 P2 Q 11
An orchard produces lemons. Only
lemons with diameter, x greater than k
cm are graded and marketed. Table

[ 10, 2.739 , 0.01622 , 0.7560]

[]
SPM 2007 P2 Q11
SPM 2008 P2 Q11
(a) In a survey carried out in a school, it The masses of mangoes from an
is found that 2 out of 5 students have
orchard has a normal distribution with a
handphones. If 8 students from that
mean of 300 g and a standard deviation

99

100

LINEAR PROGRAMMING
( CHAPTER 10 F5)
Writing linear inequalities and equations describing a situation.
Constrains

Inequality

Constrains

Inequality

101
1.The value of x must be at least 5

10.The value of x is at least three time

the value of y

2. The value of x is at most 5

11. The sum of x and y is 45

3. The value of x must be more than 5

12.The sum of x and y is not less than 15

4.The minimum value of x is 5

13.The maximum value of x + y is 15

5.The value of x must exceed y by at least

5

14.The sum of x and y is more than 15

6.The value of x must be more than twice

of y

15.The value of 2x+y is not more than

15

7.The value of x is at most three times of y

16.The value of 2x+y is less than 10

8.The value of x is more than the value of y

by at least 5

17.The ratio of x to y is at least 2

9.The value of x is not less than twice the

value of y

18.The ratio of y to x is at most 1: 5

Answer: (1) x 5, (2) x 5;(3) x 5, (4) x 5, (5) x y 5, (6) x 2 y, (7) x 3 y , (8) x y 5, (9) x 2 y, (10) x 3 y

(11) x y 45, (12) x y 15, (13) x y 15(14) x y 15, (15) 2 x y 15 , (16) 2 x y 10, (17)

Solve all the following

x
y 1
2 (18)
y
x 5

3. x participants and y participants took part in event A

and event B of a fund raising telematch. Each participant
of1.eventAn
A institution
and event offers
B donated
RM40 of
and
RM50
two types
Mathematics
respectively.
The following
conditions
imposed.
courses, Calculus
and Statistics
. The are
number
of students
taking Calculus course is x and the number of students
(i)
Not more
thancourse
40 participants
for event
taking
Statistics
is y. The number
of Astudents taking
(ii)
least 20 participants
event
theAt
Mathematics
courses isfor
based
onBthe following
(iii)The
number of participants of event B is not more than
constraints:
twice the number of participants of event A.
(iv)
Theratio
totalofnumber
of participants
fortaking
both events
is not
I : The
the number
of students
Calculus
more
70.
coursethan
to the
number of students taking Statistic course is not
(a)
Write
an80
inequality
for each condition above.
more
than
: 20.
[3
II : marks]
The total number of students taking Mathematics
courses is less than
(b) By
using a
or equal
toscale
80. of 2 cm to 10 units on both axes,
construct
and shade
the region
R that
satisfies
all the
III : The number
of students
taking
Statistics
course
is at
inequalities
above.
[4 marks]
least 10
(c)
Based
on your
determine
the maximum
IV: The
number
of graph,
students
taking Calculus
course is more
donation
[3 marks]
than 20. collected.
(a) Write four inequalities, other than x 0 and y
0,which satisfy all the
above constraints.
[4 marks] (b) Using a scale of 2 cm to 10 students on both
axes, construct and shade the region R which satisfies all
of the above constraints.
[3 marks]
(c)
By using your graph from (b) ,find
i) the range of the number of students for Calculus course
if the
number of students for Statistics course is 20.
(ii) the maximum examination fee that can be collected if
the examination fees for Calculus and Statistics courses
are RM 200 and RM 400 respectively.
[3 marks]
Answer: x 40, y 20, y 2 x, x y 70 Donation = 40x +50y, (23,
46), RM3220

4. Table below shows the time needed for machine I and

machine II to produce two types of electrical components P
and
a certain
factory.
2. QA in
factory
produces
two components , A and B. In a
particular day, the factory produced x pieces of component
AElectrical
and y pieces of component
of IIthe two
MachineB.
I The production
Machine
components
component is based on the following constraints.:
P
4 minutes
10 minutes
I : The total numbers
of component
is not more than
Q
8 minutes
4 minutes
500.
II : The
number
of component
B produced
is at most
The factory
produces
x component
P and
y component
Q
three
times
the
based on the following constraints:
number of component A,
III : TheI can
minimum
number
component
B 640
is 200.
I
Machine
be operated
forofnot
more than
minutes in a day.
y 0 , in
II
Machine
must be operated
for atxleast
400 minutes
0 and
a) Write
three IIinequalities,
other than
a
day. satisfy all the
which
above constraints.
III
The number of components P produced must not be
[ 3 marks]
more
than
two of 2 cm to 50 components on both axes,
b) Using
a scale
times
theshade
number
component
produced.
construct and
the of
region
R whichQsatisfies
all the
above constraints.
[ 3 marks]
(a) State three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0.,
which
all ofin
the
above
c) Use satisfy
your graph
part
a), toconstraints
find
[3 marks]
i. the maximum number of component A if the number
of component B produced on a particular day is 300.
(b)
By using
[ 1 mark
] scales of 2 cm to 20 units on the x-axis and 2 cm
to
on thetotal
y-axis,
draw
and
shade
region
R 20
which
ii) 10
theunits
maximum
profit
per
day
if RMthe
25 and
RM
are
satisfy
all
the
above
constraints.
the profit from the sales of component A and B respectively.
[3
[3 marks]
marks]
(c) The profits made from selling each component P and
component Q is RM 30 and RM20 respectively.
(i) Given that 60 components Q have been produced, find the
maximum number of component P that can be produced.
[1 mark]
(ii) calculate the maximum profit that can be made by the
factory in a day.
[3 marks]

Answer: x y 500 , y 3 x , y 200 , 200, max point (300,200)

,
Answer:

x 80

, x y 80, y 10, x 20 , 21 x 60 ,
y 20

k=200x+400y, (21,59), RM27,800

25(300)+20(200)=11500

102

103

SPM QUESTIONS PAPER 2

SPM 2003 P2 Q 14
Shanker has an allocation of RM 225 to buy x kg of prawns
and y kg of fish. The total mass of the commodities is not
less than 15 kg. The mass of prawns is at most three times
that of fish. The price of 1 kg of prawns is RM9 and the
price of 1 kg of fish is RM5.
(a) Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y 0,
that satisfy all the above conditions.
[ 3marks]
(b) Hence, using a scale of 2 cm to 5 kg for both axes,
construct and shade the region R that satisfies all the
above conditions.
[4 marks]
(c) If Shanker buys 10 kg of fish, what is the maximum
amount of money that could remain from his allocation?
[3marks]

answers:

SPM 2004 P2 Q14

A district education office intends to organize a course on the
teaching of Mathematics and Science in English.
The course will be attended by x Mathematics participants
and y Science participants.
The selection of participants is based on the following
constraints:
I
: The total number of participants is at least 40
II
: The number of Science participants is at most twice
that of
Mathematics.
III
: The maximum allocation for the course is RM7200.
The
expenditure for a Mathematics participant is RM
120, and for a
science participant is RM80.
a) A)Write down three inequalities, other than x 0 and y
0, which satisfy the above constraints.
[3marks]
b) Hence, by using a scale of 2 cm to 10 participants on
both axes, construct and shade the region R which
satisfies all the above constraints.
[3marks]
c) Using your graph from (b) , find
(i)
the maximum and minimum number of
Mathematics participants
when the number of Science participants is 10,
(ii) the minimum cost to run the course.
[4marks]

x y 15, x 3 y ,9x 5 y 225, RM 130

Answer : x y 40, y 2 x,120 x 80 y 7200 ,30, 53 (13,27) ,

RM3720

SPM 2005 P2 Q 14

SPM 2006 P2 Q14

104

105

Motion Along A Straight Line ( CHAPTER 9 F5)

Back to BASIC :
Acceleration

Displacement, Velocity and

s = displacement (distance measured from a

certain point + direction)
v = velocity of moving object [usually towards
the right is considered positive]
a = acceleration of moving object

Note : Usually the question asks about velocity

because it involves differentiation to obtain
acceleration and integration to determine the
displacement (distance travelled).

No.
1.

Keywords
Initial

Meaning
At the
beginning
When t = 0

Particle returns
to starting point
O
Particle passes
through O
Particle
achieves
maximum /
minimum
displacement
Particle
achieves
maximum /
minimum
velocity
Particle
changes
direction of
motion
Particle stops
instantaneously
..

s=0

s = f(t)
[displacement is usually given as a
function of time]
v = f (t) =

ds
dt

2.

a = f (t) =

dv
dt

3.
4.

5.

6.

7.

s=0

Examples / Remarks
1.1 Initial displacement : t
= 0, s = ..
1.2 Initial velocity
: t
= 0, v = ..
1.3 Initial acceleration : t
= 0, a = ..
Candidates are required to
determine the time for
each situation.

v=0

With this time t, candidates

are then asked to
determine another quantity.

a=0

Usually candidates are also

asked to sketch the graph
showing the motion of the
particles.

v=0

v=0

106

1.

Displacement
(i) When a particle moves along a straight line, its displacement (s) from a fixed point O changes with time t. We write : s

= f(t)
(ii) If the direction towards the right is considered positive, then
a) positive displacement means the particle is on the right side of O,
b) negative displacement means the particle is on the left side of O,
c) Zero displacement means the particle is at O.

107
1.A particle moves along a straight
line passing through O. Its
displacement, s metres, from O at t
seconds after passing through O is
given by
s = 4t t2.
(a) Find the displacement of the
particle when
(i) t = 0,
(ii) t = 1,
(iii) t = 3,
(iv) t = 5
Sketch the displacement-time graph of
the motion of the particle for

0 t 5

2. A particle moves along a straight line

passing through O. Its displacement, s
metres, from O at t seconds after
passing through O is given by
s = t2 + 3t 10 .
Find
(a) the initial displacement,
(b) the displacement when t = 3,
(c) the distance travelled in the fourth
second.
(d) the total distance travelled in the
first 4
seconds.

3.A particle moves along a straight line

passing through O. Its displacement, s
metres, from O at t seconds after
passing through O is given by
s = 80t 4t2.
(a) When is the particle
(i) 300 m to the right of O ?
(ii) 500 m to the left of O ?
(iii) passing through O again?
(b) Find the time interval when
(i) the particle moves to the right
(ii) the displacement is negative.

(Assume motion to the right is

positive)

(b)When is the particle back at O once

again?

[Ans : 10m, 8m,

10m,

28m]

[Ans : (a) s =0 , 3, -5, (b) t=0 , t=4,

after 4 second ]

Velocity
(i) Velocity is the rate of change of displacement with respect to time.

[Ans : (a) t = 5, 15 ;
10, t > 20s ]

25; 20 ; (b) 0 < t <

108
s = f(t), v = f (t) =

ds
dt

[ differentiate s once]

(ii) If the direction of motion towards the right is considered positive, then
(a) positive velocity means the particle is moving towards the right,
(b) negative velocity means the particle is moving towards the left,,
(c) Zero velocity means the particle is stationary.
1.The velocity, v ms-1 , of a particle
moving along a straight line is given
by v = 5 + 4t t2 at time t seconds
after passing through a fixed point O.
Find
(a) the initial velocity,
(b) the velocity when t = 2s,
(c) the time when the particle stops
instantaneously,
(d) the interval when the particle
moves towards the left.

2.The velocity, v ms-1 , of a particle

moving along a straight line is given by
v = t2 6t + 8 at time t seconds after
passing through a fixed point O. Find
(a) the initial velocity,
(b) the velocity when t = 3s,
(c) the time when the particle stops
instantaneously,
(d) the interval when the particle moves
to the left.

3.The velocity, v ms-1 , of a particle

moving along a straight line is given by
v = 20 + 8t t2 at time t seconds
after passing through a fixed point O.
Find
(a) the initial velocity,
(b) the initial acceleration,
(c) the maximum velocity of the
particle
(d) the interval when the particle moves
to the right.
(e) the distance traveled in the first 3
seconds.

[Ans : v= 5 , 9, t = 5 , t > 5]
[Ans : 8 ms-1, -1 ms-1 ; t = 2, 4

; 2<t<
4]
[Ans : 20ms-1, 8 ms-1, 36 ms-1, 0 < t < 10,
87m ]

3.
Acceleration
(i) Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity with respect to time.

109
s = f(t), v = f (t) =

ds
dt

, a=

dv
dt

[ differentiate v once, or s twice !]

(ii) Positive acceleration means the velocity of the particle is increasing,

Negative acceleration means the particle is slowing down,,
Zero acceleration means the particle is moving with UNIFORM velocity.
The acceleration, a ms-2 , of a particle
The acceleration, a ms-2 , of a particle
A particle moves along a straight line
moving along a straight line is given
moving along a straight line is given by and passes through a fixed point O, with
by a = 12 4t, where t is the time
a = 6 2t, where t is the time in
a velocity of 24 ms-1. Its acceleration, a
in seconds after passing through a
seconds after passing through a fixed
ms-2, t s after passing through O is given
fixed point O. The velocity of the
point O. The velocity of the particle is
by a = 10 2t. The particle stops after
-1
-1
particle is 14 ms when it passes
16 ms when it passes through O. Find p seconds.
through O. Find
(a) the initial acceleration,
Find
(a) the initial acceleration,
(b) the maximum velocity of the
a) the initial acceleration of the particle,
(b) the velocity when t = 2s,
particle,
b) the maximum velocity of the particle,
(c) the time when the particle stops
(c) the acceleration of the particle when c) the value of p,
instantaneously,
it stops instantaneously,
d) the total distance travelled by the
(d) the maximum velocity of the
(d) the total distance travelled in the
particle.
particle.
first 8 seconds.

SPM

[Ans : 12 ms-2, 30 ms-1, t = 7s, 32ms-1]

[Ans : 6 ms-2, 25 ms-1, -10 ms-1, 149 1/3m

]

QUESTIONS

[Ans : 10 ms-2, 49 ms-1, p = 12; 432 m ]

1. SPM 2003 P2 Q12

A particle moves in a straight line and passes through a
fixed point O, with a velocity of 24 ms-1. Its acceleration,
a ms-2, t s after passing through O is given by a = 10-2t.
The particle stops after k s.
(a) Find (i) the maximum velocity of the particle,
(ii) the value of k.
[6 marks]
(b) Sketch a velocity-time graph for 0 t k.
Hence, or
otherwise, calculate the total distance travelled during
that period.
[4marks]

2. SPM 2004 P2Q15

A particle moves along a straight line fro a fixed point P. Its
velocity, V ms-1, is given by
V= 2t(6-t), where t is the time, in seconds, after leaving the
point P.
(Assume motion to the right is positive.)
Find
(a) the maximum velocity of the particle,
[3 marks]
(b) the distance travelled during the third second,
[3 marks]
(c) the value of of t when the particle passes the point P
again,
[2marks]
(d) the time between leaving P and when the particle
reverses its direction of motion.
[ 2 marks]

Answers: 49, 12, 432

1
3

Answers: 18, 17 , 9, 6
3. SPM 2005 P2Q15
Diagram below shows the positions and directions of motion
of two objects, P and Q, moving in a straight line passing
two fixed points, A and B respectively. Object P passes the
fixed point A and the object Q passes the fixed point B
simultaneously. The distance AB is 28 m

4.SPM 2006 P2 Q12

A particle moves in a straight line and passes through a
fixed point O. Its velocity, v ms-1-, is given by v= t2 -6t + 5,
where t is the time, in seconds, after leaving O. (Assume
motion to the right is positive)

110