EGNOS: EUROPEAN GEOSTATIONARY

NAVIGATION OVERLAY SERVICE

Europes rst contribution to satellite navigation
An ESA Communications Production
BR-284 | ISBN 978-92-9221-012-0 | ISSN 0250-1589
Copyright 2009 European Space Agency
www.esa.int/EGNOS
cover8.indd 1 03/12/2009 12:16
2 3
EGNOS is the rst pan-European satellite
navigation system. Its signals complement
those of GPS in order to provide users with
more precise positioning. In addition, it
gives users information on the reliability
of the GPS signals (integrity data).
Any application requiring better
positioning accuracy than provided by GPS
can benet from EGNOS. For example,
many applications have already been
developed for agriculture.
The integrity data provided by EGNOS
is particularly suited for applications
driven by stringent safety constraints
during critical navigation phases
such as landing aircraft,
manoeuvring ships in
narrow channels, and
tracking the
precise locations
of trains.
WHAT IS EGNOS? WHY USE EGNOS?
Raw GPS data from the EGNOS
ground segment (e.g. real-time
high-precision GPS L1 and L2
pseudo-range corrections and code
phase information at 1 Hz).
All EGNOS message corrections
and integrity in real time, including
GPS clock, orbit and ionosphere
corrections and associated integrity.
Safety of Life service Designed to meet
the specic requirements of the aviation
community, the SoL service is based on the
integrity data, provided through satellite
signals. Two service levels are provided,
matching the International Civil Aviation
Organisation (ICAO) requirements for Non-
Precision Approach (NPA) and Approach
with Vertical guidance (APV). The latter is
the more stringent.
EGNOS is designed to deliver three
services:
Open Service EGNOS positioning data have
been freely provided since 1 October 2009
through satellite signals to all Europeans
via enabled GPS receivers. Its performance
accuracy is in the range of
13 m horizontal and 24 m vertical,
substantially improving the GPS position
accuracy.
Commercial Data Distribution Service All
EGNOS raw data and process products can
be made available to professional users
through controlled access. On the EGNOS
Data Access Service (EDAS) server, users
can obtain information such as:
WHAT SERVICES
ARE AVAILABLE?
En route NPA APV
Lateral accuracy 220 m 16 m

Vertical accuracy N.A. 20 m
Horizontal alert limit 556 m 40 m
Vertical alert limit N.A 50 m
Availability 0.99 0.99
EGNOS4.indd 2-3 03/12/2009 12:16
2 3
EGNOS is the rst pan-European satellite
navigation system. Its signals complement
those of GPS in order to provide users with
more precise positioning. In addition, it
gives users information on the reliability
of the GPS signals (integrity data).
Any application requiring better
positioning accuracy than provided by GPS
can benet from EGNOS. For example,
many applications have already been
developed for agriculture.
The integrity data provided by EGNOS
is particularly suited for applications
driven by stringent safety constraints
during critical navigation phases
such as landing aircraft,
manoeuvring ships in
narrow channels, and
tracking the
precise locations
of trains.
WHAT IS EGNOS? WHY USE EGNOS?
Raw GPS data from the EGNOS
ground segment (e.g. real-time
high-precision GPS L1 and L2
pseudo-range corrections and code
phase information at 1 Hz).
All EGNOS message corrections
and integrity in real time, including
GPS clock, orbit and ionosphere
corrections and associated integrity.
Safety of Life service Designed to meet
the specic requirements of the aviation
community, the SoL service is based on the
integrity data, provided through satellite
signals. Two service levels are provided,
matching the International Civil Aviation
Organisation (ICAO) requirements for Non-
Precision Approach (NPA) and Approach
with Vertical guidance (APV). The latter is
the more stringent.
EGNOS is designed to deliver three
services:
Open Service EGNOS positioning data have
been freely provided since 1 October 2009
through satellite signals to all Europeans
via enabled GPS receivers. Its performance
accuracy is in the range of
13 m horizontal and 24 m vertical,
substantially improving the GPS position
accuracy.
Commercial Data Distribution Service All
EGNOS raw data and process products can
be made available to professional users
through controlled access. On the EGNOS
Data Access Service (EDAS) server, users
can obtain information such as:
WHAT SERVICES
ARE AVAILABLE?
En route NPA APV
Lateral accuracy 220 m 16 m

Vertical accuracy N.A. 20 m
Horizontal alert limit 556 m 40 m
Vertical alert limit N.A 50 m
Availability 0.99 0.99
EGNOS4.indd 2-3 03/12/2009 12:16
4 5
EGNOS satellite signals currently cover
most of Europe, with dierent coverage
areas depending on the service.

WHERE CAN I USE
EGNOS SIGNALS
TODAY?


EGNOS was designed according to the
ICAO Satellite-Based Augmentation
System (SBAS) international standards. Its
development was coordinated to ensure
interoperability with the worlds other
SBASs:
EGNOS IN THE
WORLD
12m (82%)
23m (95%)
The daily availability of accuracy of the
EGNOS Open Service
12m (95%)
23m (99%)
2009 coverage areas of SBAS
Multi-Functional Satellite
Augmentation System (MSAS) in
Japan,
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) in the USA,
Geosynchronous Augmented
Navigation System (GAGAN) in
India; not yet operational.
APPROACH WITH VERTICAL GUIDANCE
AVAILABILITY
7
5 0
N
5
0 0
N
2
5 0
N
0 0
-
2
5 0
S
Collection Microsoft Encarta 2005. 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. Tous droits rservs.
9
0 0
N
7
5 0
N
6
0 0
N
4
5 0
N
3
0 0
N
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
d

b
y

E
u
r
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
/
P
E
G
A
S
S
99.9
99.5
99
98
97
10
95
93
90
85
80
70
60
40
NON-PRECISION APPROACH AVAILABILITY
3
0 0
W
15
0
W
0
0
15
0
E
30
0
E
EGNOS4.indd 4-5 03/12/2009 12:16
4 5
EGNOS satellite signals currently cover
most of Europe, with dierent coverage
areas depending on the service.

WHERE CAN I USE
EGNOS SIGNALS
TODAY?


EGNOS was designed according to the
ICAO Satellite-Based Augmentation
System (SBAS) international standards. Its
development was coordinated to ensure
interoperability with the worlds other
SBASs:
EGNOS IN THE
WORLD
12m (82%)
23m (95%)
The daily availability of accuracy of the
EGNOS Open Service
12m (95%)
23m (99%)
2009 coverage areas of SBAS
Multi-Functional Satellite
Augmentation System (MSAS) in
Japan,
Wide Area Augmentation System
(WAAS) in the USA,
Geosynchronous Augmented
Navigation System (GAGAN) in
India; not yet operational.
APPROACH WITH VERTICAL GUIDANCE
AVAILABILITY
7
5 0
N
5
0 0
N
2
5 0
N
0 0
-
2
5 0
S
Collection Microsoft Encarta 2005. 1993-2004 Microsoft Corporation. Tous droits rservs.
9
0 0
N
7
5 0
N
6
0 0
N
4
5 0
N
3
0 0
N
G
e
n
e
r
a
t
e
d

b
y

E
u
r
o
c
o
n
t
r
o
l
/
P
E
G
A
S
S
99.9
99.5
99
98
97
10
95
93
90
85
80
70
60
40
NON-PRECISION APPROACH AVAILABILITY
3
0 0
W
15
0
W
0
0
15
0
E
30
0
E
EGNOS4.indd 4-5 03/12/2009 12:16
7
EGNOS collects data from GPS satellites
through a Europe-wide network of Ranging
& Integrity Monitoring Stations (RIMs).
Each GPS satellite is monitored by multiple
RIMs. Four Mission Control Centres
process the data received from these
RIMs to generate the corrections and the
integrity messages for each satellite. The
augmentation signals are then transmitted
by the six Navigation Land Earth Stations
to the EGNOS geostationary satellites for
broadcasting
to users.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
In space, EGNOS relies on payloads aboard
three telecommunication satellites in
geostationary orbit at an altitude of
36 000 km. As of 2009, the signals are
being broadcast by two Inmarsat-3
satellites and ESAs Artemis satellite, all
visible simultaneously from Europe, Africa
and the Middle East.
EGNOS functionality
Ranging
(GPS-type
signals)
Differential
corrections
Estimate of
residual
positioning error
Integrity
Use/Dont Use
+ ACCURACY
+ INTEGRITY
+ AVAILABILTY
+ CONTINUITY
6
Since the rst signals became available
to users, demonstrations have shown the
usefulness of EGNOS services in every
type of application, with emphasis on
promoting its use outside of the civil
aviation domain.
There are already applications based on
EGNOS, and the Open Service is now used
in the agricultural world. Several users
have installed EGNOS receivers because it
has proved valuable for reducing the use
of fertilisers, thus helping to protect the
environment.
The accuracy of the Open Service has also
proved useful during tests made in Spain
to guide blind people in the city via mobile
phones like car drivers using GPS.
An Airport Ground Movement
Surveillance application is operational at
Bordeaux Airport to secure and improve
ground trac ow.
WHO WILL BENEFIT
FROM EGNOS?
Pending certication of the Safety of Life
service, tests have been performed in the
aviation, maritime and rail sectors.
As part of GIANT (GNSS Introduction in
the AviatioN sector), tests have proved
the benets of EGNOS when landing
at airports with fewer aids or when
helicopters make emergency landings.
Mapping of xed assets, controlling
mining machinery and other professional
uses are potential applications that could
benet from the EGNOS Commercial Data
Distribution Service, which can be accessed
through conventional communication
networks such as Internet and GSM.
Demonstrations showing the potential
of EGNOS have been performed in many
other sectors. There are certainly many
more applications just waiting to be
thought of, such as for rail, road and
maritime users.
In addition, educational tools have been
developed for students to access EGNOS
data and tutorials.
EGNOS4.indd 6-7 03/12/2009 12:16
7
EGNOS collects data from GPS satellites
through a Europe-wide network of Ranging
& Integrity Monitoring Stations (RIMs).
Each GPS satellite is monitored by multiple
RIMs. Four Mission Control Centres
process the data received from these
RIMs to generate the corrections and the
integrity messages for each satellite. The
augmentation signals are then transmitted
by the six Navigation Land Earth Stations
to the EGNOS geostationary satellites for
broadcasting
to users.
HOW DOES IT WORK?
In space, EGNOS relies on payloads aboard
three telecommunication satellites in
geostationary orbit at an altitude of
36 000 km. As of 2009, the signals are
being broadcast by two Inmarsat-3
satellites and ESAs Artemis satellite, all
visible simultaneously from Europe, Africa
and the Middle East.
EGNOS functionality
Ranging
(GPS-type
signals)
Differential
corrections
Estimate of
residual
positioning error
Integrity
Use/Dont Use
+ ACCURACY
+ INTEGRITY
+ AVAILABILTY
+ CONTINUITY
6
Since the rst signals became available
to users, demonstrations have shown the
usefulness of EGNOS services in every
type of application, with emphasis on
promoting its use outside of the civil
aviation domain.
There are already applications based on
EGNOS, and the Open Service is now used
in the agricultural world. Several users
have installed EGNOS receivers because it
has proved valuable for reducing the use
of fertilisers, thus helping to protect the
environment.
The accuracy of the Open Service has also
proved useful during tests made in Spain
to guide blind people in the city via mobile
phones like car drivers using GPS.
An Airport Ground Movement
Surveillance application is operational at
Bordeaux Airport to secure and improve
ground trac ow.
WHO WILL BENEFIT
FROM EGNOS?
Pending certication of the Safety of Life
service, tests have been performed in the
aviation, maritime and rail sectors.
As part of GIANT (GNSS Introduction in
the AviatioN sector), tests have proved
the benets of EGNOS when landing
at airports with fewer aids or when
helicopters make emergency landings.
Mapping of xed assets, controlling
mining machinery and other professional
uses are potential applications that could
benet from the EGNOS Commercial Data
Distribution Service, which can be accessed
through conventional communication
networks such as Internet and GSM.
Demonstrations showing the potential
of EGNOS have been performed in many
other sectors. There are certainly many
more applications just waiting to be
thought of, such as for rail, road and
maritime users.
In addition, educational tools have been
developed for students to access EGNOS
data and tutorials.
EGNOS4.indd 6-7 03/12/2009 12:16
9
Since 1 April 2009, the EC has been in
charge of managing the exploitation of
EGNOS. The Open Service was launched
on 1 October 2009. After a trial period, the
Commercial Data Distribution Service will
be accessible for customers who require
enhanced performance for commercial and
professional use.
For the Safety of Life service, major eorts
are being directed towards certifying
EGNOS for aviation use. For other SoL
communities, the consolidation of user
requirements and the validation of services
will progress, upon denition of applied
EGNOS-based standards.
THE FUTURE
In addition to its activities under the
Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS) Evolution Programme for GNSS
infrastructures, ESA is acting as the Design
and Procurement Agent on behalf of the
EC for implementing future EGNOS design
changes. This could include extending
the service coverage area, maintaining
interoperability with other SBAS, and
any additional functionality for user
communities.
Eurocontrol is implementing workplans
to support operational acceptability of
EGNOS for civil aviation and to encourage
usage take-up, expected to accelerate
substantially upon service provider
certication under the Single European Sky
regulation.
In order to continue providing the most
stringent level of performances to its users,
EGNOS will adapt to the coming multi-
constellation GNSS (GPS and Galileo).
8
The development of EGNOS was a
challenge requiring the close cooperation
of many European entities.
ESA was responsible for the development,
validation and initial exploitation, funded
under its ARTES-9 programme.
Eurocontrol dened the driving mission
requirements for civil aviation users.
During this phase, Eurocontrol dened
workplans to support the operational
acceptability of EGNOS for civil aviation.
The European Commission (EC) contributed
substantially to the nancing of EGNOS
development, including the leasing
of the payloads for the geostationary
satellites. Through its Research &
Development Framework Programmes
activities, the European Union supported
user application developments, setting
up consortia in charge of specic pilot
projects.
Air trac management agencies signed
bilateral agreements with ESA: AENA
(Spain), DFS (Germany), DSNA (France),
ENAV (Italy), NATS (UK), Skyguide
(Switzerland) and NAV-EP (Portugal). They
contributed to the ARTES-9 funding and
created the European Satellite Service
Provider (ESSP), the EGNOS Service
Provider.
Following the completion of its
development, EGNOS was handed over to
the EC for exploitation.
ROLE OF THE MAIN
STAKEHOLDERS
ESAs ARTES-9
participating
states
EUROCONTROL

A
i
r
b
u
s

S
.
A
.
S

2
0
0
8

-

C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
R
e
n
d
e
r
i
n
g

b
y

F
I
X
I
O
N

-

G
W
L
N
S
D
EGNOS4.indd 8-9 03/12/2009 12:16
9
Since 1 April 2009, the EC has been in
charge of managing the exploitation of
EGNOS. The Open Service was launched
on 1 October 2009. After a trial period, the
Commercial Data Distribution Service will
be accessible for customers who require
enhanced performance for commercial and
professional use.
For the Safety of Life service, major eorts
are being directed towards certifying
EGNOS for aviation use. For other SoL
communities, the consolidation of user
requirements and the validation of services
will progress, upon denition of applied
EGNOS-based standards.
THE FUTURE
In addition to its activities under the
Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS) Evolution Programme for GNSS
infrastructures, ESA is acting as the Design
and Procurement Agent on behalf of the
EC for implementing future EGNOS design
changes. This could include extending
the service coverage area, maintaining
interoperability with other SBAS, and
any additional functionality for user
communities.
Eurocontrol is implementing workplans
to support operational acceptability of
EGNOS for civil aviation and to encourage
usage take-up, expected to accelerate
substantially upon service provider
certication under the Single European Sky
regulation.
In order to continue providing the most
stringent level of performances to its users,
EGNOS will adapt to the coming multi-
constellation GNSS (GPS and Galileo).
8
The development of EGNOS was a
challenge requiring the close cooperation
of many European entities.
ESA was responsible for the development,
validation and initial exploitation, funded
under its ARTES-9 programme.
Eurocontrol dened the driving mission
requirements for civil aviation users.
During this phase, Eurocontrol dened
workplans to support the operational
acceptability of EGNOS for civil aviation.
The European Commission (EC) contributed
substantially to the nancing of EGNOS
development, including the leasing
of the payloads for the geostationary
satellites. Through its Research &
Development Framework Programmes
activities, the European Union supported
user application developments, setting
up consortia in charge of specic pilot
projects.
Air trac management agencies signed
bilateral agreements with ESA: AENA
(Spain), DFS (Germany), DSNA (France),
ENAV (Italy), NATS (UK), Skyguide
(Switzerland) and NAV-EP (Portugal). They
contributed to the ARTES-9 funding and
created the European Satellite Service
Provider (ESSP), the EGNOS Service
Provider.
Following the completion of its
development, EGNOS was handed over to
the EC for exploitation.
ROLE OF THE MAIN
STAKEHOLDERS
ESAs ARTES-9
participating
states
EUROCONTROL

A
i
r
b
u
s

S
.
A
.
S

2
0
0
8

-

C
o
m
p
u
t
e
r
R
e
n
d
e
r
i
n
g

b
y

F
I
X
I
O
N

-

G
W
L
N
S
D
EGNOS4.indd 8-9 03/12/2009 12:16
10
www.esa.int/navigation
www.ec.europa.eu/transport/egnos
www.gsa.europa.eu/
www.gnss-giant.com
www.ecac-ceac.org/
www.eurocontrol.int
www.essp-sas.eu
FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION
ON EGNOS:

1995 Start of system
denition phase by ESA
1998 Signature of EC/ESA/
Eurocontrol agreement
1998 Signature of Bilateral
Agreements between
ESA and seven European
national Air Navigation
Service Providers
1999 Start of system
development phase
2000 Start of user
demonstrations
with EGNOS test signal
2005 Technical qualication
of system
2005 Start of initial operational
phase
2009 Operational qualication
of certiable version
2009 Handover of system to EC
MILESTONES
OF EGNOS
DEVELOPMENT

10
EGNOS4.indd 10-11 03/12/2009 12:16
10
www.esa.int/navigation
www.ec.europa.eu/transport/egnos
www.gsa.europa.eu/
www.gnss-giant.com
www.ecac-ceac.org/
www.eurocontrol.int
www.essp-sas.eu
FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION
ON EGNOS:

1995 Start of system
denition phase by ESA
1998 Signature of EC/ESA/
Eurocontrol agreement
1998 Signature of Bilateral
Agreements between
ESA and seven European
national Air Navigation
Service Providers
1999 Start of system
development phase
2000 Start of user
demonstrations
with EGNOS test signal
2005 Technical qualication
of system
2005 Start of initial operational
phase
2009 Operational qualication
of certiable version
2009 Handover of system to EC
MILESTONES
OF EGNOS
DEVELOPMENT

10
EGNOS4.indd 10-11 03/12/2009 12:16

EGNOS: EUROPEAN GEOSTATIONARY
NAVIGATION OVERLAY SERVICE
Europes rst contribution to satellite navigation
An ESA Communications Production
BR-284 | ISBN 978-92-9221-012-0 | ISSN 0250-1589
Copyright 2009 European Space Agency
www.esa.int/EGNOS
cover8.indd 1 03/12/2009 12:16