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Root Hair: Chap 22 Plant Transport

Water and minerals enter plant roots through root hairs and aquaporin proteins. They then move symplastically through the cytosol or apoplastically through cell walls and spaces. The casparian strip forces solutes and water through the plasma membrane. Mycorrhizal fungi help with water absorption by extending the surface area of the roots. Once inside the xylem, water moves cohesively and adhesively up through the tiny tubes to the leaves. Leaves take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen as a byproduct of splitting water. They open stomata during the day to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis but risk losing water through transpiration. Transpiration pull occurs as

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18 views

Root Hair: Chap 22 Plant Transport

Water and minerals enter plant roots through root hairs and aquaporin proteins. They then move symplastically through the cytosol or apoplastically through cell walls and spaces. The casparian strip forces solutes and water through the plasma membrane. Mycorrhizal fungi help with water absorption by extending the surface area of the roots. Once inside the xylem, water moves cohesively and adhesively up through the tiny tubes to the leaves. Leaves take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and release oxygen as a byproduct of splitting water. They open stomata during the day to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis but risk losing water through transpiration. Transpiration pull occurs as

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Ha Vi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAP 22 PLANT TRANSPORT

22.1 There are 2 ways for water & minerals to enter plants root

- Root hair: extension of plasma
membrane & cell
- Aquaporin: allow water enter
into cell
- Symplastic route: screen at 1
st

plasma membrane, goes directly
on xylem; via continuum of cytosol
- Apoplastic route: via cell wall & extracellular spaces
- Transmembrane route: out of 1 cell, across cell wall, into another cell
- Role of Casparian strip: hydrophobic, waxy; repels water, forces solute & water
thru plasma membrane.
- Mycorrhizae: symphonic fungi. Extend SA help absorption of water.
- Plant supplies sugar to fungus. ++ Plants & fungus are both
beneficial for each other.
22.2 Once inside xylem, water can move into tiny tubes all
the way to leaves.
- Water is cohesive to itself and adhesive to polar surfaces.
Water evaporates from leaf via stomata.
- Leaves are giving off O
2
bc O
2
is by product of splitting
water @ photosystem. Leaves are taking in CO
2
bc its used
for forming sugar in Calvin cycle.


22.3 Leaf anatomy & transpiration
Conflict for plant during drought: opening
stomata, but losing H
2
O thru transpiration.
If closing CO
2
shut down
photosynthesis cannot produce mineral.
- Water is pulled upward by negative
pressure in xylem.
- Transpiration pull: water vapor in
airspaces of leaf diffuses down its water
potential gradient & exits leaf via
stomata create low, (-) pressure in
leaf exerts pulling force on water in
xylem pulling water into leaf (H L)

22.4 Role of guard cells & stomata
- Guard cells control diameter of stoma by changing shape widening or
narrowing gap btw guard cell pair.
- Stomata open during day & close at night to minimize water loss.
- Stomata opening at dawn is triggered by/ Guard cells are sensitive to:
1) Light levels close-up stomata
2) CO
2
levels inside leaves
3) Circadian rhythm-24h clock Swell open (use
K
+
pump & ATP)
- If K
+
is pumped into vacuole water follows by osmosis swell open
- If K
+
is pumped out H
2
O out by osmosis

22.5 Active transport in phloem & pressure flow (depend on pumping)
B. Chemiosmotic mechanism
1. Use ATP to create H
+
gradient
2. Cotransport of sugar wt H
+
movement enable cells to
accumulate sucrose
- Transpiration & pressure flow moves circulation in
plant





- Pressure flow hypothesis explains why phloem always flows
from source to sink
- Bulk flow by + pressure:
1. Loading of sugar. Water flow by osmosis
2. Uptake of water. H
2
O moves from hi pressure to low pressure
(pressure flow).
3. Sink takes sucrose out of phloem.
4. Xylem recycle water from sink to source.

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