COMMERCIAL SIMULATION PACKAGES:

A COMPARATIVE STUDY
EVON M. O. ABU-TAIEH and ASIM ABDEL RAHMAN EL SHEIKH
Faculty of Computer Information, The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial
Sciences, P O Bo !"!#$, Amman !!#%&, 'O()A*+
,mail- ea bu ta ie h . aa b fs+o r g , a+ e lsh e ikh . a a b f s +o rg
Abstract: This paper attempts to identi! ans"ers or n#mero#s $o%i&a$$! raised and tho#%ht o#t '#estions that
are st#m($ed #pon "hen #sin% an! %i)en sim#$ations pa&*a%e "hether that ma! (e &ommer&ia$$! in the mar*et
or in the a&ademi& arena. +or this p#rpose, the resear&hers ha)e in)esti%ated -. pa&*a%es, "ith the aim o
ta&*$in% not on$! the trends that sim#$ation pa&*a%es are p#rs#in%, (#t a$so to address the iss#es denotin%
te&hno$o%! pre)ai$. A&&ordin%$!, the s#r)e!ors identiied a set o '#estions to (e ans"ered ta&*$in% the
o$$o"in% iss#es/ #se o spreadsheets as reportin% too$s, 0D )s. 1D animation, sim#$ation approa&hes, and o(2e&t
oriented. The manner in "hi&h the paper has (een arti&#$ated "as a s!stemati& "e$$ tho#%ht methodo$o%!, "ith
s&ientii&a$$! prooed indin%s re&apit#$ates in the s#mmar! part o this paper.
/ey0ords/ sim#$ation, sim#$ation approa&hes, sim#$ation app$i&ations, animation, o(2e&t
oriented,
1 INTRODUCTION
The aim o this paper is to %i)e an o)er)ie" o the
sim#$ation pa&*a%es a)ai$a($e &ommer&ia$$! in the
mar*et and in the a&ademi& arena. The resear&her
tried to ans"er '#estions $i*e/ 1hat simulation
modeling approach did the package use from the
a2ailable approaches- process interaction, e2ent
scheduling, acti2ity scanning, and three3phase,
1hat reporting tool did the package use i.e.
Spreadsheets or propriet! reportin% too$, 1hat
programming language 0as used, "hi&h "i$$ %i)e
an indi&ation "hether the pa&*a%e is o(2e&t
oriented or a$%orithmi& (ased, and "hether the
pa&*a%e #ses animation and i the animation #sed is
1D or 0D animation. In addition, the time hand$in%
3dis&rete, &ontin#o#s, h!(rid4 iss#e "as o
&#riosit! to the resear&her, in )ie" that the
time hand$in% is essentia$, parti&#$ar$! sin&e o#r
&ommer&ia$ pa&*a%es on$! &an hand$e the h!(rid,
as sha$$ (e seen in the ne5t se&tions.
Thro#%ho#t this paper, a re)ie" o -. sim#$ation
pa&*a%es ta*es p$a&e. A&&ordin%$!, ea&h pa&*a%e
has (een st#died (! in)esti%atin% the sim#$ation
pa&*a%e "e(site, as "e$$ as, the a)ai$a($e $iterat#re
rom )ario#s p#($ished so#r&es 3S#r)e!, 16604 and
3Ri77o$i, 16604. Ater thoro#%h in)esti%ation, it has
(een noted that a n#m(er o the aorementioned
points o &omparison had (een &on&ea$ed, "hi&h &an
(e d#e to inormation dis&$os#re po$i&ies a(ided (!
those sot"are &ompanies8 parti&#$ar$! the
pro%rammin% $an%#a%e and the sim#$ation method
adopted (! sot"are &ompanies in order to de)e$op
their respe&ti)e pa&*a%es.
2 CRITERIA REVIEW AND JUSTIFICATION
9omparin% &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation pa&*a%es is an
important matter, 3Oren, 166-4, 3Ban*s, 166-4,
3S#r)e!, 16604 and 3Ri77o$i, 16604 tried to de)ise
&riteria o &omparison thro#%h (#i$din% Bod! o
Kno"$ed%e or sim#$ation. In a&t, the &omparison
stems rom dierent so#r&es/ the mode$er, the #ser
o the sim#$ation pa&*a%e, the pro%rammer, and the
app$i&ation. This resear&h &ame to &omp$ement the
"or* o others.
As s#&h, the resear&hers tried to ans"er '#estions
$i*e/
1hat simulation modeling approach did the
package use from the a2ailable approaches4 There
are o#r "e$$-*no"n sim#$ation-mode$in%
approa&hes/ pro&ess intera&tion, e)ent s&hed#$in%,
a&ti)it! s&annin%, and three-phase 3:idd, ;<<=4.
Ea&h approa&h has ad)anta%es and disad)anta%es,
inherent$! the ad)anta%es> disad)anta%es o the
approa&h "i$$ ha#nt the &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation
pa&*a%e.
The se&ond '#estion the paper tries to ans"er is
1hat reporting tool did the package use4 i.e.
Spreadsheets or propriet! reportin% too$. Sin&e
spreadsheets are important to &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation
pa&*a%es, some e)en pride (! sa!in% ?"e start
"here spreadsheets $et o.@
The third '#estion as*ed is/ 1hat programming
language 0as used, "hi&h "i$$ %i)e an indi&ation
"hether the pa&*a%e is o(2e&t oriented or
a$%orithmi& (ased. In addition, s#&h '#estion is
important to an! de)e$oper to *no" i the de)e$oper
E. ABU-TAIEH and A. EL SHEIKH/ 9OMMER9IAL SIMULATION :A9KAAES
I.B. o SIMULATION Vo$. = No 1 ISSN ;CD0-=6C5 on$ine, ;CD0-=60; print
..
&an add to the pa&*a%e or inter)ene in the sim#$ated
mode$ in the &ode $e)e$ or not.
The o#rth aspe&t is/ 1hether the package uses
animation and if the animation used is &) or ")
animation. Sim#$ation does not mean animation.
Man! "i$$ thin* that animation is part o sim#$ation
that is not a$"a!s tr#e. As sha$$ (e seen in $ater
se&tions, 0D animation is )er! important aspe&t o
the sim#$ation (e&a#se it %i)es (etter perspe&ti)e,
!et sometimes 1D is (etter.
In addition, the time handling 5discrete, continuous,
hybrid6 3:idd, ;<<=4 iss#e "as o &#riosit! to the
resear&her, in )ie" that the time hand$in% is
essentia$, parti&#$ar$! sin&e o#r &ommer&ia$
pa&*a%es on$! &an hand$e the h!(rid, as sha$$ (e
seen in the ne5t se&tions.
The si5th &omparison &riterion is the Applications of
simulation packages. This is a &riterion rom the
perspe&ti)e o the #ser o the sim#$ation pa&*a%e.
Sin&e Sim#$ation E mode$in% is #sed in a m#$tit#de
o app$i&ations. Man! resear&hers attempted to
&$assi! and &ate%ori7e the sim#$ation app$i&ations
3Oren, 166-4, 3Ban*s, 166-4 to name a e". In
addition, s#&h st#d! %i)es a perspe&ti)e re%ardin%
the #se o the pa&*a%e.
FINDINGS
The pa&*a%es, "hi&h ha)e (een re)ie"ed in the
&onte5t o this paper, are/ Ana$!ti&a, An!Lo%i& -.6,
Arena, A#toMod, A"eSim, Ber*e$e! MadonnaF,
B#i$dSim, 9r!sta$ Ba$$ Standard EditionE
:roessiona$ Edition, De&ision:ro, De&isionS&ript,
Desi%n II sim#$ation :a&*a%e, D!mo$a, E&osim :ro,
eM-:$ant, Enterprise D!nami&s, E5pert+it, E5tend,
+a&tor! E5p$orer, +irstSTE: Desi%ner, +$e5sim,
AAUSS, Ao$dSim, A:SS Gor$d or Gindo"s,
MAST, MI9ROSAINT, M!Starte%!, Mode$Ma*er,
NAA SM: Li(rar!, NAA 9 Li(rar!, Optsim
3Artie54, :ASION Sim#$ation S!stem, MB91,
SLIM, :ro&ess Ind#str! Man#a&t#rin% S&hed#$in%
S!stem 3:IMSS4, :roMode$-:ro&essMode$,
:rop$anner Man#a&t#rin% :ro&ess Mana%ement
Sot"are, :roVision, :o"erSim, HI0D, Reso#r&e
Mana%er, SAAM II, SansAUI Mode$in% and
Sim#$ation En)ironment, SAS Sot"are, Sho"+$o",
SIAMA, Sim9reator, Sim9AD :ro, SIM:RO9ESS,
SIMUL=, STELLA > ithin*, STARDIS, S#pp$!
9hain B#i$der, VisSim, Vis#a$ Sim#$ation
En)ironment, Ge(A:SS 3mi&ro-A:SS4 and
Gitness.
!1 S"#$%at"&'
A((r&ac)*s
There are o#r main reno"ned sim#$ation
approa&hes/ ,2ent3Scheduling method, Acti2ity
Scanning, Process3 Interaction, and Three3Phase
approa&h, in &omparison, the o$$o"in% &an (e
noted/
The ,2ent3Scheduling method is simp$er and on$!
has t"o phases so there is no 9s and Bs, this a$$o"
the pro%ram to r#n aster sin&e there are no s&annin%
or the &ondition na$ e)ents. A$$ these ad)anta%es
a$so te$$s #s somethin% a(o#t the disad)anta%es o
the method sin&e there are on$! t"o phase then a$$
e)ents are mi5ed 3no Bs and 9s4 then the method is
not parsimon!, "hi&h means it is )er! hard to
enhan&e 3:idd,;<<=4.
The Acti2ity Scanning approa&h is a$so simp$er than
the Three-:hase method sin&e it has no &a$endar,
and it s#pport the parsimonio#s mode$in%. Ho"e)er
this approa&h is m#&h s$o"er than Three-:hase
sin&e it treats a$$ a&ti)ities are treated as &onditiona$.
On the other hand, the e5e&#ti)e has t"o phases.
Us#a$$! this approa&h is &on#sed "ith the Three-
:hase method 3:idd, ;<<=4.
The Process3 Interaction ?share t"o &ommon
ad)anta%es irst8 the! a)oid pro%rams that are s$o"
to r#n. Se&ond, the! a)oid the need to thin* thro#%h
a$$ possi($e $o%i&a$ &onse'#en&es o an e)ent@ 3:idd,
;<<=4. Jet, as 3:idd, ;<<=4 &$aims this approa&h
s#ers rom DEADLO9K pro($em, (#t this
approa&h is )er! attra&ti)e or no)i&e mode$ers.
A$tho#%h, 3S&hri(er et a$, 16604. Sa!s ?pro&ess
intera&tion "as #nderstood on$! (! an e$ite %ro#p o
indi)id#a$s and "as (e!ond the rea&h o ordinar!
pro%rammers@. In a&t 3S&hri(er et a$, 16604.adds
?.M#$ti- threaded app$i&ations "ere ta$*ed a(o#t in
&omp#ter s&ien&e &$asses, (#t rare$! #sed in the
(roader &omm#nit!@. Ghi&h indi&ates that the
imp$ementation o :ro&ess-Intera&tion "as )er!
dii&#$t to imp$ement. The o()io#s &ontradi&tion,
in the pre)io#s '#ote is d#e to the mi5 #p (et"een
the Process Interaction approa&h and the
Transaction3flo0 approach.
To see the &omp$ete idea o the ori%ins o
Transa&tion-+$o" (est stated (! 3S&hri(er et a$,
16604/
This 0as the primordial soup out of 0hich the
7ordon Simulator arose+ 7ordon8s transaction flo0
0orld32ie0 0as a cle2erly disguised form of process
interaction that put the pro&ess interaction
approach 0ithin the grasp of ordinary users+ +
7ordon did one of the great packaging 9obs of all
time+ :e de2ised a set of building blocks that could
be put together to build a flo0chart that
graphically depicted the operation of a system+
;nder this modeling paradigm, the flo0 of elements
through a system 0as readily 2isible, because that
0as the focus of the 0hole approach+
The Three3Phase approa&h a$$o"s to ?sim#$ate
para$$e$ism, "hi$st a)oidin% dead$o&*@ 3:idd and
9asse$, ;<<=4. Jet, Three-:hase has to s&an thro#%h
the s&hed#$e or (o#nd a&ti)ities, and then s&ans
thro#%h a$$ &onditiona$ a&ti)ities "hi&h s$o" it
do"n. Jet man! or%o the time spent in ret#rn or
so$)in% the dead$o&* pro($em. In a&t, Three-:hase
is #sed in distri(#ted s!stems "eather ta$*in% a(o#t
operatin% s!stems, data(ases, et&, #nder dierent
names amon% them Three-:hase &ommit see
3Tanen(a#m and Steen, 16614.
In re%ards to the sim#$ation approa&hes, on$! 11
pa&*a%es mentioned the sim#$ation approa&h #sed in
the pa&*a%e, "hi$e 0C pa&*a%es rerained rom
amon% the 11 pa&*a%es, a$most ;= &$aimed the
E)ent Based Approa&h, "hereas, t"o sim#$ation
pa&*a%es &$aimed the A&ti)it! Based Approa&h
3FirstST,P )esigner, SI<P(OC,SS4 and t"o
&$aimed the :ro&ess Intera&tion Sim#$ation
Approa&h 3Auto<od and Pro<odel3Process<odel4,
as seen in +i%#re ;.
S"#$%at"&' A((r&ac)*s
Process
Process; 2; 4%
Ball, )esign II, Factory E5p$orer, First step
)esigner, FleSim, 7oldSim, <yStartegy, *ag S<P,
=ibrary, *ag C =ibrary, Pro<odel, (ecourses
<anger, SimCA), and Sho0Flo0.
Excel Usage in Simulation Packages
Excel; 15; 27%
Excel
No Excel
No Excel; 41;
73%
+i%#re 1/ E5&e$ #sa%e in sim#$ation pa&*a%es
Ho"e)er, &ertain pa&*a%es, $i*e Analytica, #se
E5&e$ as a reportin% too$ (#t not as p$atorm
3L#mina Ge(4, "hi&h insin#ates that the
en)ironment, "here the mode$ is (#i$t, is done
on the Analytica
Event
Activity
Three-Phase
Unknon
Unknon; 34;
!"%
Event; 1#; 32%
Activity; 2; 4%
Three-Phase;
"; "%
spe&ii&a$$! de)e$oped pro%ram. Li*e"ise, ),SI7*
II, "hi&h is a sim#$ator *erne$ that &an (e &a$$ed
rom an! Vis#a$ Basi&, Vis#a$ 9KK pro%ram
3GinSim Ge(4, as "e$$ as Flesim, "hi&h &an
import E e5port to Mi&rosot E5&e$, and SimCA),
+i%#re ;/ Sim#$ation approa&hes
Githin this &onte5t, FirstST,P )esigner #sed
A&ti)it! Based approa&h 3Intera&in% Ge(4, "hi&h is
Lm#&h s$o"er than Three-:hase approa&h sin&e a$$
a&ti)ities are treated as &onditiona$L 3:idd, ;<<=4.
Additiona$$!, Factory ,plorer #sed E)ent Based
sim#$ation approa&h 3GGK Ge(4. In the E)ent
Based sim#$ation approa&h Lthere are on$! t"o
phase then a$$ e)ents are mi5ed then the method is
not parsimon!, "hi&h means it is )er! hard to
enhan&eL 3:idd, ;<<=4. In the same to*en, 7oldSim
"hi&h is on$! or d!nami& s!stems and #ses E)ent-
Based Sim#$ation Approa&h 3Ao$dSim Ge(4.
Li*e"ise, Sho0Flo0 is (ased on E)ent Based
Sim#$ation Approa&h 3Sho"+$o" Ge(4 and
<yStartegy &an on$! dea$ "ith D!nami& s!stems
3M!Starte%! Ge(4.
On another note, Pro<odel +ami$! o sot"are is
(ased on :ro&ess-Intera&tion Sim#$ation Approa&h
3:roMode$ Ge(4 !et 3:idd, ;<<=4 &$aims that this
approa&h s#ers rom DEADLO9K pro($em, "hi$e
(esource <anager &$aims that it intera&ts "ith
Mi&rosot E5&e$ 3UserSo$#tions Ge(4 a$tho#%h it is
not o()io#s ho".
S#&&in&t$!, as re%ards to sim#$ation approa&hes,
none o the resear&hed pa&*a%es, o de&$ared
sim#$ation approa&h, #sed the Three-:hase
Approa&h, nonethe$ess, a$most 0C pa&*a%es ne)er
de&$ared their sim#$ation approa&h, as seen in +i%#re
0, "hi&h on$! ma%niies that s#&h idea &o#$d on$! (e
attri(#ted to trade se&ret.
!2 Us* &+ S(r*a,s)**ts
There are ;- pa&*a%es, a$most 1DM, that made
reerra$ to #sin% the spreadsheet or Mi&rosot E5&e$
as reportin% too$, and the! are/ Analytica, Crystal
"hi&h is (#i$t on AutoCA) sot"are 3+$e5sim Ge(4.
The aorementioned a&ts emphasi7e the
si%nii&an&e o #sin% spreadsheets, $i*e Mi&rosot
E5&e$, in respe&t to the sim#$ation pa&*a%es, as seen
in +i%#re
1. In a&t, some pa&*a%es &$aim that the! pi&* #p
"here spreadsheets $et o, ?Spreadsheets a$one are
inade'#ate or assessin% the pro(a(i$it! o an e)ent
(e&a#se the! $a&* the a(i$it! to %enerate and ana$!7e
a$ternati)e s&enarios in a sophisti&ated
"a!.@3Ao$dman, 16614.
! Ob-*ct Or"*'t*,
Re%ardin% the '#estion on o(2e&t oriented, a$most ;C
sim#$ation pa&*a%es &$aimed that the! are o(2e&t
oriented or #se Ba)a as de)e$opment $an%#a%e,
"hi&h is a %reat indi&ator that sim#$ation pa&*a%es
are &on)ertin% to o(2e&t oriented.
The o#rteen &ommer&ia$ pa&*a%es are/ Berkeley
<adonna>, ,cosim Pro, e<3Plant, ,nterprise
)ynamics, Flesim, 7A;SS, 7oldSim, <'C&,
PASIO* Simulation System, Sans7;I <odeling and
Simulation ,n2ironment, SI<P(OC,SS, SI<;=?,
STA()IS, 1eb7PSS 5micro37PSS6.
$%&ect
$riente'; 14;
25%
$%&ect $riente'
Unknon
Unknon; 42;
75%
+i%#re 0/ O(2e&t oriented $an%#a%es #se
Simulation Aproaches
+#rthermore, it is "orth mentionin% the o$$o"in%
indin%s in re%ards to this &riterion/
Berkeley <adonna> and PASIO* Simulation
System (oth #se the d!nami& approa&h "hi$e the
se&ond pa&*a%e #ses 1D animation the irst pa&*a%e
does not #se an! animation. Rather Berkeley
<adonna> #ses %raphs to sho" the res#$ts on$!.
,tend, FirstST,P )esigner, 7oldSim,
<odel<aker, PASIO* Simulation System,
Pro<odel3Process<odel, SimCA) Pro, SI<;=?,
STA()IS.
3D Vs 2D
In addition, ,cosim Pro is one o the - pa&*a%es that
#ses (oth dis&rete and d!nami& approa&hes. On the
other hand, 7A;SS, SI<;=?, STA()IS and
1eb7PSS 5micro37PSS6 a$$ #se the dis&rete
approa&h.
In re%ards to the 1D and 0D animation, - pa&*a%es
3(
2(
Unknon
Unknon; 31;
55%
3(; 14; 25%
2(; 11; 2"%
e$$ in ea&h &ate%or!. Ghi$e ,cosim Pro, e<3Plant,
,nterprise )ynamics, Flesim and SI<P(OC,SS
#sed 0D animation. On the other hand 7oldSim,
PASIO* Simulation System, SI<;=?, and STA()IS
#sed 1D animation. +#rthermore, ,nterprise
)ynamics #sed (oth 1D and 0D.
In re%ards to the #se o spreadsheets as p$atorm or
reportin% Flesim and 7oldSim #sed the
spreadsheets as reportin% too$
!. 2D Vs! D
The notion "hether to #se 0D or 1D animation is
si%nii&ant, indeed as the mode$ r#nnin% in 0D 3see
+i%#re C 4 %i)es (etter perspe&ti)e o thin%s in the
mode$. Notin% that ma*in% a sim#$ation pa&*a%e
that is &apa($e o 0D animation is not eas!, 0D idea
is (est represented in +i%#re C that "as de)e$oped
(! @A")8 ne)erthe$ess, the 1D animation is a$so
"anted in &ertain app$i&ations.
O the -. re)ie"ed sim#$ation pa&*a%es, 1-
sim#$ation pa&*a%es #sed animation or the mode$,
"hi&h a&&o#nts to CCM o a$$ re)ie"ed pa&*a%es,
"hi$e 1-M #sed 0D animation as seen in +i%#re -,
and ;; sim#$ation pa&*a%es #sed 1D animation. This
o(ser)ation si%niies not on$! the importan&e o
animation to sim#$ation, (#t a$so the %ro"in% #se
and importan&e o 0D animation in the sim#$ation
"or$d, notin% that FleSim is amo#s or the 0D
animation.
+i%#re C/ B#i$din% a ro(oti& arm (ased on a
sti&* i%#re #sin% HI0D 3HI0D Ge(4
The &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation pa&*a%es that #sed 1D
animation are/ Any=ogic B+$, ,nterprise )ynamics,
+i%#re -/ 0D )s. 1D animation
Ghi$e the &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation pa&*a%es #sin% 0D
animation are /Auto<od, ,nterprise )ynamics,
)ymola, ,cosim Pro, e<3Plant, Factory ,plorer,
Flesim, <icro Saint, *A7 S<P =ibrary,
Sho0Flo0, SimCreator, SI<P(OC,SS, Cisual
Simulation ,n2ironment, 1itness.
!/ T"#* 0a',%"'1
In re%ards to the time hand$in% o sim#$ation in the
re)ie"ed pa&*a%es8 1-M o the pa&*a%es are (ased
on dis&rete approa&h, "hi$e ;.M o the sim#$ation
pa&*a%es are (ased on the d!nami& approa&h,
ho"e)er, on$! i)e pa&*a%es #sed (oth dis&rete and
&ontin#o#s approa&hes, name$!/ Any=ogic, ,cosim
Pro, ,tend, <odel<aker and Optsim 3Artife4 as
seen in +i%#re ..
The Dis&rete (ased &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation pa&*a%es
are/ Auto<od, Arena, Factory ,plorer, <icro
Saint, Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment, 1itness,
FirstST,P )esigner, SI<;=?, STA()IS, 7A;SS,
7PSS 1orld for 1indo0s, SAA< II, SI7<A, Supply
Chain Builder, 1eb7PSS 5micro37PSS6.
It is "orth notin% here that a$tho#%h #sin% dis&rete
sim#$ation approa&h sti$$ the o$$o"in% has the
&apa(i$it! o 0D animation/ Auto<od, Factory
,plorer, <icro Saint, Cisual Simulation
,n2ironment, and 1itness. A$so Factory ,plorer
and FirstST,P )esigner (oth #se Mi&rosot E5&e$
as p$atorm o reportin%. On the other hand,
FirstST,P )esigner, SI<;=? and STA()IS #se 1D
animation.
The sim#$ation pa&*a%es (ased on the d!nami&
approa&h are/ Berkeley <adonnaF, BuildSim,
)esign II simulation Package, )ymola, <ystrategy ,
SimCreator, PASIO* Simulation System, @A"),
ST,==A D ithink. A$so, it is "orth notin% that
)ymola and SimCreator (oth #se 0D animation
"hi$e PASIO* Simulation System #ses 1D
animation8 #rther more )esign II simulation
Package and <ystrategy (oth #se Spreadsheets as
reportin% too$s.
E. ABU-TAIEH and A. EL SHEIKH/ 9OMMER9IAL SIMULATION :A9KAAES
Business process reengineering and workflows
(iscrete
(yna)ic
*oth
Unknon; 27;
4#%
(iscrete; 15;
27%
(yna)ic; +;
radi&a$ redesi%n o (#siness pro&esses #sin%
o(2e&ti)e, '#antitati)e methods and too$s and
mana%ement s!stems to a&&omp$ish &han%e or
Unknon
*oth; 5; +%
+i%#re ./ Sim#$ation t!pes
1!%
perorman&e impro)ement@ 3Arant, 16614. Some o
the too$s #sed in this app$i&ation is &ommer&ia$
sim#$ation pa&*a%es $i*e/ Analytica, Arena, Crystal
Ball Standard ,ditionE Professional ,dition,
)ecisionPro, )ecisionScript, ,pertFit,
<yStartegy,
!2 M&'t* Car%&
On another note, o the -. re)ie"ed pa&*a%es, on$!
o#r pa&*a%es #sed Monte 9ar$o, "hi&h L&an (e
$oose$! des&ri(ed as statisti&a$ sim#$ation methodsL
39SE: Ge(, ;<<-4, name$!8 Crystal Ball, BuildSim,
and )ecision Script E Pro. It is "orth"hi$e to note
that Crystal Ball sim#$ation pa&*a%e #ti$i7e
Mi&rosot E5&e$ E Vis#a$ (asi& 39r!sta$Ba$$ Ge(4.
A$tho#%h BuildSim #ses D!nami& approa&h and
Aenerates, the &ode o the sim#$ation mode$, !et no
animation is a)ai$a($e or this &ommer&ia$
sim#$ation pa&*a%e.
!3 S"#$%at"&' Pac4a1*s
A((%"cat"&'s
Sim#$ation E mode$in% is #sed in a
m#$tit#de o app$i&ations. Man! resear&hers
attempted to &$assi! and &ate%ori7e the sim#$ation
app$i&ations 3Oren, 166-4, 3Ban*s, 166-4, 3S#r)e!,
16604 and 3Ri77o$i, 16604 to name a e". Ghi$e
resear&hin% the sim#$ation pa&*a%es the resear&her
o#nd 11 app$i&ations shared amon% the sim#$ation
pa&*a%es. Some app$i&ations "ere more pop#$ar
than others "ere as +i%#re D/ Simulation
packages applications
s#%%ests.
The 11 app$i&ations are $isted in Err&r5 R*+*r*'c*
s&$rc* '&t +&$',!/
Air traffic control and space
systems
Air trai& &ontro$ is %ro#nd-(ased ser)i&e that
ad)ises pi$ot re%ardin% mane#)erin% the p$ane into
saet!, the ser)i&e pro)ided on %ro#nd and in air
#sin% radar and )is#a$ &onta&t. The ser)i&e is
di)ided into airport ser)i&es, $o" and hi%h airspa&e
3en-ro#t4. The %oa$ o the ser)i&e is to &ontro$
trai&. The &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation pa&*a%e Cisual
Simulation ,n2ironment 5CS,6 pro)ides s#&h
app$i&ation amon% man! other. CS, time hand$in%
method is dis&rete and #ses e)ent-s&hed#$in%
approa&h.
Pro<odel3Process<odel, ProCision, SimCA) Pro,
ST,==A D ithink, Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment and
1eb7PSS 5micro37PSS6+
Complex System Design
Evaluation
9omp$e5 phenomena, thro#%h mode$in%, &an on$!
a$$o" pattern predi&tions, &ompared "ith the pre&ise
predi&tions that &an (e made o#t o non-&omp$e5
phenomena, as nota($! e5p$ained (! Ha!e* 3:opper
16614. In this re%ard, Ha!e* (e$ie)ed that e&onomi&s
and the s&ien&es o &omp$e5 phenomena in %enera$,
"hi&h, in his )ie", in&$#ded (io$o%!, ps!&ho$o%!,
and so on, &o#$d not (e mode$ed ater the s&ien&es
that dea$ "ith essentia$$! simp$e phenomena $i*e
ph!si&s.
Notin% that resear&h topi&s &o)ered (! 9omp$e5
S!stems span o)er a di)erse arra! o ie$ds in&$#din%
mathemati&s, ph!si&s, &omp#ter s&ien&e, and
(io$o%!, as s#&h, there are man! deinitions o
&omp$e5it!. Additiona$$!, and in )ie" that man!
nat#ra$, artii&ia$ and a(stra&t o(2e&ts or net"or*s
&an (e &onsidered 9omp$e5 S!stems, there(! to
st#d! these topi&s #nder &omp$e5it! s&ien&e is
hi%h$! interdis&ip$inar!. 9onsidered radi&a$
&ontri(#tion to ear$! &omp$e5it! theor!, Ha!e*
made distin&tion (et"een the h#man &apa&it! to
predi&t the (eha)ior o simp$e s!stems and its
&apa&it! to predi&t the (eha)ior o &omp$e5
s!stems thro#%h mode$in%.
Understandin% that 9omp$e5 S!stems in&$#de
)ario#s e5amp$es, s#&h as/ ant-hi$$s, ants
themse$)es, h#man e&onomies, &$imate, ner)o#s
s!stems, &e$$s and $i)in% thin%s, in&$#din% h#man
(ein%s, as "e$$ as modern ener%! or
te$e&omm#ni&ation inrastr#&t#re. In this &onte5t,
not on$! are a$$ the ore%oin% thin%s &onsidered
net"or*s o some *ind, and the! are &omp$e5, (#t
apparent$!, the! ma! a$so ha)e $itt$e in &ommon,
hen&e the term L&omp$e5 s!stemL is )a&#o#s.
Ho"e)er, notin% that a$$ &omp$e5 s!stems ha)e
(eha)iora$ and str#&t#ra$ eat#res in &ommon, "hi&h
at $east #nites them re$ati)e$! as phenomena. In
addition, the! are #nited theoreti&a$$!. Sin&e a$$
these s!stems ma!, in prin&ip$e, (e mode$ed "ith
)ar!in% de%rees o s#&&ess (! a &ertain *ind o
mathemati&s, it is thereore possi($e to state &$ear$!
"hat it is that these s!stems are s#pposed to ha)e in
&ommon "ith ea&h other, in re$ati)e$! orma$ terms.
Ta($e ;/ 9ommer&ia$ sim#$ation pa&*a%es app$i&ations
;. Air trai& &ontro$ and spa&e s!stems 1. S#pp$! &hain mana%ement
0. B#siness pro&ess reen%ineerin% and "or*$o"s C. Transportation s!stems
-. 9omp$e5 s!stem desi%n e)a$#ation .. Aerospa&e
D. 9omp#ter and &omm#ni&ation net"or*s =. Oi$ E Aas
<. 9omp#ter perorman&e e)a$#ation ;6. 9onstr#&tion
;;. Ed#&ation and trainin% ;1. +inan&ia$ mode$in%
;0. Hea$th &are s!stems ;C. :ar&e$s E par&e$ hand$in%3'#e#e4
;-. Man#a&t#rin% s!stems ;.. De-(ott$ene&*in%
;D. Mi$itar! > &om(at s!stems ;=. Ghat i s&enarios
;<. Sate$$ite and "ire$ess &omm#ni&ations s!stems 16. Ro(oti& and me&hani&a$ s!stems
1;. Ser)i&e s!stems 11. De&ision and ris* ana$!sis
The +eat#res o &omp$e5 s!stems in nat#re
are/
(elationships are non3linear/ In pra&ti&a$ terms, this
means a sma$$ pert#r(ation ma! &a#se a $ar%e ee&t
3(#tter$! ee&t4, a proportiona$ ee&t, or e)en no
ee&t at a$$. In $inear s!stems, ee&t is a$"a!s
dire&t$! proportiona$ to &a#se.
(elationships contain feedback loops/ Both ne%ati)e
3dampin%4 and positi)e 3amp$i!in%4 eed(a&* are
oten o#nd in &omp$e5 s!stems. The ee&ts o an
e$ementNs (eha)ior are ed (a&* to in s#&h a "a! that
the e$ement itse$ is a$tered.
Comple systems are open/ 9omp$e5 s!stems in
nat#re are #s#a$$! open s!stems O that is, the! e5ist
in a thermod!nami& %radient and dissipate ener%!.
In other "ords, &omp$e5 s!stems are #s#a$$! ar
rom ener%eti& e'#i$i(ri#m/ (#t despite this $#5,
there ma! (e pattern sta(i$it!.
9omp$e5 s!stems ha)e a memor!/ The histor! o a
&omp$e5 s!stem ma! (e important. Be&a#se
&omp$e5 s!stems are d!nami&a$ s!stems the!
&han%e o)er time, and prior states ma! ha)e an
in$#en&e on present states. More orma$$!,
&omp$e5 s!stems oten e5hi(it h!steresis.
9omp$e5 s!stems ma! (e nested/ The &omponents
o a &omp$e5 s!stem ma! themse$)es (e &omp$e5
s!stems. +or e5amp$e, an e&onom! is made #p o
or%ani7ations, "hi&h are made #p o peop$e, "hi&h
are made #p o &e$$s - a$$ o "hi&h are &omp$e5
s!stems.
Boundaries are difficult to determine/ It &an (e
dii&#$t to determine the (o#ndaries o a &omp$e5
s!stem. The de&ision is #$timate$! made (! the
o(ser)er.
)ynamic net0ork of multiplicity/ As "e$$ as
&o#p$in% r#$es, the d!nami& net"or* o a &omp$e5
s!stem is important. Sma$$-"or$d or s&a$e-ree
net"or*s "hi&h ha)e man! $o&a$ intera&tions and a
sma$$er n#m(er o inter-area &onne&tions are oten
emp$o!ed. Nat#ra$ &omp$e5 s!stems oten e5hi(it
s#&h topo$o%ies. In the h#man &orte5 or e5amp$e,
"e see dense $o&a$ &onne&ti)it! and a e" )er! $on%
a5on pro2e&tions (et"een re%ions inside the &orte5
and to other (rain re%ions.
<ay produce emergent phenomena/ 9omp$e5
s!stems ma! e5hi(it (eha)iors that are emer%ent,
"hi&h is to sa! that "hi$e the res#$ts ma! (e
deterministi&, the! ma! ha)e properties that &an
on$! (e st#died at a hi%her $e)e$. +or e5amp$e,
the termites in a mo#nd ha)e ph!sio$o%!,
(io&hemistr! and (io$o%i&a$ de)e$opment that are at
one $e)e$ o ana$!sis, (#t their so&ia$ (eha)ior and
mo#nd (#i$din% is a propert! that emer%es rom the
&o$$e&tion o termites and needs to (e ana$!7ed at a
dierent $e)e$.
Sim#$ation pa&*a%es that &$aimed 9omp$e5 s!stem
desi%n e)a$#ation are / Any=ogic B+$, Arena,
Auto<od, *A7 S<P =ibrary, SI7<A and Cisual
Simulation ,n2ironment.
Computer and Communication
Networks
9omp#ter and &omm#ni&ation net"or*s are another
app$i&ation "here sim#$ation is )er! #se#$8 in )ie"
that &omm#ni&ation net"or* &annot (e (#i$t and
tested (! the same indi)id#a$, "hi$e ta*in% into
&onsideration that (eorehand testin% o the
&omm#ni&ation net"or* is essentia$8 ho"e)er,
e5perimentations in rea$ $ie sit#ation are near$!
impossi($e. As s#&h, a n#m(er o sim#$ation
pa&*a%es oer s#&h ser)i&e/ Any=ogic B+$, A0eSim,
,pertFit, 7PSS 1orld for 1indo0s, Optsim
5Artife6, SAS Soft0are, S=I<, CisSim, Cisual
Simulation ,n2ironment.
Computer Performance
Evaluation
Understandin% that &omp#ters are made o man!
&omponents, and ea&h &omponent has man!
dierent attri(#tes rom dierent man#a&t#rer,
a&&ordin%$!, &omp#ter perorman&e e)a$#ation is
another app$i&ation "here sim#$ation "o#$d (e o
paramo#nt si%nii&an&e. :arti&#$ar$! sin&e
e5perimentin% "ith a$$ the possi($e s&enarios is
near$! impossi($e. As s#&h, the &ommer&ia$
sim#$ation pa&*a%es &a#%ht on this a&t and t"o
pa&*a%es oered this app$i&ation name$!/ Any=ogic
B+$, Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment.
Simulation packages applications
,hat i- scenarios
1%
Trans.ortation syste)s
7%
/0..ly chain )ana1e)ent
1"%
Aeros.ace
3%
Air tra--ic control 2 s.ace
syste)s
1%
*0siness .rocess
reen1ineerin1 2 ork-los
11%
3o).lex syste) 'es
eval0ation
3%
/ervice syste)s
2%
/atellite 2 ireless
co))0nications syste)s
1%
4o%otic 2 )echanical
syste)s
2%
3o).0ter 2 co))0nication
netorks
#%
3o).0ter .er-or)ance
eval0ation
1%
3onstr0ction
1%
Parcels 2 Parcel
han'lin1560e0e7
!%
$il 2 8as
3%
9ilitary : co)%at syste)s
4%
9an0-act0rin1 syste)s
14%
;ealth care syste)s
4%
(e-%ottleneckin1
3%
(ecision 2 risk analysis
3% E'0cation 2
trainin1
4%
<inancial )o'elin1
4%
Education and Training
+i%#re D/ Sim#$ation pa&*a%es app$i&ations
Soft0are, (esource <anager, SI7<A, SimCA) Pro
and Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment+
Ed#&ation and trainin% is one o the pi$$ars o
sim#$ation. The app$i&ation ran%es rom tea&hin%
a(o#t &hemi&a$ mo$e&#$es and &hemi&a$ rea&tion to
trainin% a pi$ot on a ne" p$ane. In a&t most
app$i&ations stems rom this app$i&ation. Man!
pa&*a%es stated this app$i&ation (! name. Some o
the pa&*a%es that stated s#&h app$i&ation are
Any=ogic B+$, *A7 S<P =ibrary, PASIO*
Simulation System, ST,==A D ithink, Cisual
Simulation ,n2ironment and 1eb7PSS 5micro3
7PSS6+
ealt! Care
Systems
Hea$th and &are s!stems a$so another app$i&ation
that ran%es rom sim#$atin% emer%en&! rooms &ases
and am(#$an&e re'#ests to ana$!7in% the inan&es o
the hea$th &are s!stems. Under this app$i&ation
man! sim#$ation pa&*a%es si%ned their &apa(i$ities/
Auto<od, ,pertFit, <IC(OSAI*T, *A7 S<P
=ibrary, SI7<A, Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment
"anufacturing
Systems
Man#a&t#rin% is the app$i&ation o too$s and a
pro&essin% medi#m to the transormation o ra"
materia$s into inished %oods or sa$e.
<anufacturing systems is claimed by- Analytica,
Auto<od, ,pertFit, Factory ,plorer, Flesim,
7oldSim, 7PSS 1orld for 1indo0s, <AST,
<IC(OSAI*T, *A7 S<P =ibrary, Process Industry
<anufacturing Scheduling System 5PI<SS6,
Proplanner <anufacturing Process <anagement
"ilitary # Com$at
Systems
Mi$itar! > &om(at s!stems are app$i&ations that &o)er
man! topi&s in resear&h. S#&h app$i&ation dea$s "ith
mo)in% %ro#ps o peop$e to dep$o!ment o armies to
sim#$atin% a (att$eie$d. The pa&*a%es, &$aimed this
app$i&ation, are/ Any=ogic B+$, ,pertFit,
<IC(OSAI*T, *A7 S<P =ibrary, STA()IS and
Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment+ The $ast pa&*a%e
&$aims (ein% #sed in the %#$ "ar.
Satellite and %ireless Communications
Systems
Sate$$ite and "ire$ess &omm#ni&ation s!stems are
s!stems that are impossi($e to e5periment "ith
"itho#t sim#$ation. The on$! pa&*a%e that oered
s#&h app$i&ation is Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment.
Service
Systems
Ser2ice systems ran%e rom an indi)id#a$ person
e'#ipped "ith too$s o the trade 3e.%., ar&hite&t,
entreprene#r4 to a portion o a %o)ernment a%en&! or
(#siness 3e.%., (ran&h oi&e o a post oi&e or (an*4
to &omp$ete m#$tinationa$ &orporations and their
inormation s!stems 3e.%, DominoNs :i77a, +edera$
E5press4. Hospita$s, #ni)ersities, &ities, and nationa$
%o)ernments are desi%ned ser)i&e s!stems. The
$an%#a%e, norms, attit#des, and (e$ies o the peop$e
that ma*e #p a ser)i&e s!stem ma! e)o$)e o)er time,
as peop$e ad2#st to ne" &ir&#mstan&es. In this sense,
ser)i&e s!stems are a t!pe o &omp$e5 s!stem that is
partia$$! desi%ned and partia$$! e)o$)in%. Ser)i&e
s!stems are desi%ned to de$i)er or pro)ision
ser)i&es, (#t the! oten &ons#me ser)i&es as "e$$.
:a&*a%es that &$aim this app$i&ation are/ Arena,
,pertFit, SI7<A and Cisual Simulation
,n2ironment.
Supply C!ain
"anagement
This app$i&ation is )er! (road, as it in&$#des inter
alia/ S#pp$! &hain de&isions s#pport, in)entor!
mana%ement, s#pp$! pro&ess optimi7ation, interna$
$o%isti&s, &ompan! spreadin% et&. S#pp$! &hain
mana%ement is an app$i&ation that &ares or
ei&ien&! and ee&ti)eness and ran%es rom settin%
#p po$i&ies to operati)e de&isions. Man! sim#$ation
pa&*a%es sta*e a &$aim to this app$i&ation/
Any=ogic
B+$, Arena, Flesim, <AST, Process Industry
<anufacturing Scheduling System 5PI<SS6, SAS
Soft0are, S=I<, Supply Chain Builder and Cisual
Simulation ,n2ironment.
Transportation
Systems
Transportation s!stems are e5pansi)e, as it ran%es
rom sim#$atin% trai& $i%ht and interse&tions to
roads &$osin% and di)ersions. Man! sim#$ation
pa&*a%es &$aim this app$i&ation i.e. Any=ogic B+$,
Auto<od, Berkeley <adonna>, ,pertFit, *A7
S<P =ibrary, S=I<, CisSim, Cisual Simulation
,n2ironment and 1itness.
Aerospace
Aerospa&e &omprises the atmosphere o Earth and
s#rro#ndin% spa&e. T!pi&a$$!, the term is #sed to
reer to the ind#str! that resear&hes, desi%ns,
man#a&t#res, operates, and maintains )ehi&$es
mo)in% thro#%h this air and spa&e. Aerospa&e is a
)er! di)erse ie$d, "ith a m#$tit#de o &ommer&ia$,
ind#stria$ and mi$itar! app$i&ations. Aerospa&e is
not the same as airspa&e, "hi&h is a term, #sed to
des&ri(e the ph!si&a$ air spa&e dire&t$! a(o)e a
$o&ation on the %ro#nd. +o#r &ommer&ia$ sim#$ation
pa&*a%es &$aimed this app$i&ation name$!/
Analytica, Auto<od, *A7 C =ibrary and @A").
&il and
'as
This app$i&ation pertains to :etro$e#m and "e$$
$o%%in% sot"are or the oi$ and %as proessiona$. In
addition, this app$i&ation &o)ers man! aspe&ts !et
o#r pa&*a%es &$aimed it/ Analytica, )esign II
simulation Package, *A7 S<P =ibrary and
1itness.
Constructio
n
Construction is a series o &are#$$! p$anned e)ents,
sin&e &onstr#&tion te&hno$o%! #ses materia$s, "or*,
pro&esses, and e'#ipment to (#i$d a str#&t#re on a
site, as s#&h, the 9onstr#&tion app$i&ation sim#$ation
pa&*a%es are/ Analytica and )esign II simulation
Package.
(inancial
"odeling
+inan&ia$ mode$in% is (road app$i&ation8 it ran%es
rom mi5in% a inan&ia$ porto$io o sto&*s to
de&isions re%ardin% (est inan&ia$ de&ision o
(#!>se$$. +i)e sim#$ation pa&*a%es &$aimed this
app$i&ation, name$!/ Analytica, )ecisionPro,
)ecisionScript, 7A;SS and *A7 S<P =ibrary+
Parcels ) Parcel andling
*+ueue,
:ar&e$ and par&e$ hand$in% app$i&ation is (est seen in
a post oi&e arena. Ea&h par&e$ has an destination
address and &ertain attri(#tes $i*e si7e and ra%i$it!
et&. S"it&hin% this s&enario to prod#&tion $ine in a
a&tor! that prod#&es a prod#&t that needs pa&*a%in%
is sti$$ the same. Si5 sim#$ation pa&*a%es &$aimed
this app$i&ation/ Auto<od, ,nterprise )ynamics,
,pertFit, ,tend, SAS Soft0are and SimCA) Pro+
De-
$ottlenecking
Bott$ene&*s appear "hen man! &ompete or one
reso#r&e. Ghether the reso#r&e is a ser)er on a
&omp#ter net"or*, a $oan oi&er in a (an* or
prod#&tion ma&hine in a a&tor!. +o#r sim#$ation
pa&*a%es &$aimed this app$i&ation name$!/ e<3
Plant, Factory ,plorer, Sho0Flo0, and SI<;=?.
%!at if.
scenarios
As the name o this app$i&ation s#%%ests, this
app$i&ation is a &orner stone in the sim#$ation arena.
Jet on$! o#r pa&*a%es mentioned this app$i&ation
(! name. The pa&*a%es are Arena, (esource
<anager and SI<;=?.
/o$otic and "ec!anical
Systems
Sim#$atin% Ro(oti& and me&hani&a$ s!stems is m#&h
&heaper than (#i$din% the s!stem and testin% it.
:a&*a%es $i*e/ )ymola, @A") and SimCA) Pro
&$aimed s#&h app$i&ation.
Decision and /isk
Analysis
Ma*in% De&isions and ris* ana$!sis a$"a!s &ome
hand in hand. Sim#$atin% the de&isions and
meas#rin% the ris* that &omes "ith ea&h de&ision is
an app$i&ation that &omes "ith an! arena o "or*
rom pro2e&t mana%ement, to inan&ia$ ana$!sis.
Man! sim#$ation pa&*a%es $i*e Analytica, Crystal
Ball Standard ,ditionE Professional ,dition,
)ecisionPro, and SI<P(OC,SS &$aimed s#&h
app$i&ation.
+i%#re =/ Sim#$ation App$i&ation pa&*a%es %i)es
more detai$s tree-$i*e ta5onom!, ea&h app$i&ation
&ate%ories and $eas re$e&t the pa&*a%es that a$$
#nder s#&h app$i&ation.
,ducation and training An!Lo%i& -.6
Computer performance e2aluation
NAA SM: Li(rar! :ASION Sim#$ation S!stem STELLA > ithin* VSE Ge(A:SS 3mi&ro-A:SS4
An!Lo%i& -.6 Vis#a$ Sim#$ation En)ironment
Comple system design e2aluation An!Lo%i& -.6 Arena A#toMod NAA SM: Li(rar! SIAMA VSE
Air traffic control and space systems
Vis#a$ Sim#$ation En)ironment
:ealth care systems
A#toMod E5pert+it MI9ROSAINT NAA SM: Li(rar! SIAMA VSE
Computer and communication net0orks
An!Lo%i& -.6 A"eSim E5pert+it A:SS Gor$d or Gindo"s
Optsim 3Artie54 SAS Sot"are
SLIM VisSim VSE
<ilitary D combat systems
An!Lo%i& -.6 E5pert+it MI9ROSAINT NAA SM: Li(rar! STARDIS VSE
Ser2ice systems
Arena E5pert+it SIAMA Vis#a$ Sim#$ation En)ironment
Satellite and 0ireless communications systems
Vis#a$ Sim#$ation En)ironment
Supply chain management
An!Lo%i& -.6 Arena +$e5sim MAST 3:IMSS4 SAS Sot"are SLIM S#pp$! 9hain B#i$der VSE
Transportation systems
An!Lo%i& -.6 A#toMod Ber*e$e! MadonnaF E5pert+it NAA SM: Li(rar! SLIM VisSim
Vis#a$ Sim#$ation En)ironment Gitness
Aerospace, Ana$!ti&a A#toMod NAA 9 Li(rar! HI0D
Gitness
&il ) 'as Ana$!ti&a Desi%n II sim#$ation :a&*a%e NAA SM: Li(rar!
Construction Ana$!ti&a Desi%n II sim#$ation :a&*a%e
Financial modeling Ana$!ti&a De&ision:ro De&isionS&ript AAUSS NAA SM: Li(rar!
Parcels E parcel handling 5Fueue6
A#toMod Enterprise D!nami&s E5pert+it E5tend SAS Sot"are Sim9AD :ro
)e3bottlenecking
1hat if scenarios
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Arena
+a&tor! E5p$orer
Reso#r&e Mana%er
Sho"+$o"
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SIMUL= GCS,-Cisual Simulation ,n2ironment
GProcess Industry <anufacturing Scheduling System 5PI<SS6
(obotic and mechanical systems
D!mo$a HI0D Sim9AD :ro
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Business process reengineering
Ana$!ti&a Arena 9r!sta$ Ba$$ Standard Edition E :roessiona$ Edition De&ision:ro De&isionS&ript E5pert+it
and 0orkflo0s
M!Starte%! :roMode$-:ro&essMode$ :roVision Sim9AD :ro STELLA > ithin* VSE Ge(A:SS 3mi&ro-A:SS4
<anufacturing
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Ana$!ti&a A#toMod E5pert+it +a&tor! E5p$orer +$e5sim Ao$dSim A:SS Gor$d or Gindo"s MAST MI9ROSAINT
NAA SM: Li(rar! Reso#r&e Mana%er 3:IMSS4 :rop$anner Man#a&t#rin% :ro&ess Mana%ement Sot"are
SIAMA
Sim9AD :ro Vis#a$ Sim#$ation En)ironment
+i%#re =/ Sim#$ation app$i&ations-pa&*a%es tree
. SUMMARY
This paper in)esti%ated -. pa&*a%es to ans"er the
o$$o"in% set o &omprehensi)e '#estions/
P 1hat simulation modeling approach did the
:ithi$!, the resear&h identiied 1.M o the -.
pa&*a%es to #se spreadsheets as reportin% too$s.
Ta ( $e 1 / R e )i e " o the s i m#$ at io n pa&*a%es
C&#(ar"s&' It*# C&$'t P*rc*'ta1*
&+ /2
package use from the a2ailable
approaches4
P 1hat reporting tool did the package use4
P 1hat programming language 0as usedQ
3Ghi&h %i)es an indi&ation "hether the
Tota$ o pa&*a%es "here
re)ie"ed
Uses Mi&rosot E5&e$ either as
reportin% too$ or to e5port data
to the spreadsheet
-. ;66M
;- 1.M
pa&*a%e is o(2e&t oriented or a$%orithmi&
(ased4.
P 1hether the package uses animation and if
Uses 0D animation ;C 1-M
Use 1D animation ;; ;<..M
Dis&rete ;- 1.M
9ontin#o#s < ;.M
the animation used is &) or ") animationQ
P 1hat time handling methodology is used
pa&*a%es #se (oth dis&rete and
&ontin#o#s 3H!(rid4
- DM
5discrete, continuous, hybrid6
P 1hat type of application are the packages
capable of ser2ing4
A$tho#%h these '#estions tar%eted the trends that
sim#$ation pa&*a%es are ta*in%, ne)erthe$ess, the
indin%s o the aorementioned '#estions are
indi&ators, to "hi&h te&hno$o%! is pre)ai$in%.
De&$ared Sim#$ation approa&h 11 0<M
E)ent-S&hed#$in% method ;= 01M
A&ti)it! s&annin% method 1 0.-M
:ro&ess-Intera&tion method 1 0.-M
O(2e&t Oriented or Ba)a Use ;C 1-M
Use o Monte 9ar$o approa&h C DM
Additiona$$!, 1-M o the re)ie"ed sim#$ation
pa&*a%es pride themse$)es "ith 0D animation, "hi$e
;<..M #se 1D animation.
In the same to*en, 1.M o the re)ie"ed pa&*a%es
are (ased on dis&rete approa&h, "hereas ;.M are
(ased on &ontin#o#s approa&hes, and on$! i)e
pa&*a%es &an hand$e (oth dis&rete and &ontin#o#s.
In re%ards to the sim#$ation approa&hes 0. o the
sim#$ation pa&*a%es did not dis&$ose their
sim#$ation approa&h, ho"e)er, 01M #sed E)ent-
S&hed#$in% method, 0.-M #sed A&ti)it! s&annin%
method, and
0.-M #sed :ro&ess-Intera&tion method, hi%h$i%htin%
that none o the pa&*a%es de&$ared the #sa%e o the
amo#s Three-:hase sim#$ation approa&h. As or
the o(2e&t oriented '#estions, 1-M #sed o(2e&t
oriented or Ba)a. +ina$$!, the +amo#s Monte 9ar$o
approa&h "as #sed on$! (! o#r pa&*a%es. The
indin%s and a s#mmer! o the n#m(ers are $aid in
the Ta($e 1.
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"" " .ise e s!st em s. & om>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .2-si m .or%>3A&&essed ;6-Apri$-166C4
"" " .$ann e r. &o m> & o rp orat e >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .$# m i n a .& o m>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .m a a d.&om>3A&&essed ;0-<-16604
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""" .saam. & om>sot" a re>sa am 1>saa m 1 s o t" a re.htm
>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .sh o " $ o" .&o .#*>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .s i m & reator .&o m >ind e 5 .p h p > 3A&&essed ;-<-
16604
"" " .s i m pro & ess.&o m >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .s i m # $=.&o m >3A&&essed ;.---16604
"" " .s t a rdis. & o m >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .$ ion h rtp # (. & o m>or m s>s # r) e ! s > S im#$ ati o n > S im
# $a ti o n .h tm $ 3A&&essed ;-<-16604 OR>MS Toda!,
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"" " .t e &no m a ti5.&o m >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .# serso $#ti o ns. & om>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .) an % # a rds " .&o m >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " .) i s s im .& o m >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " ." e(%pss .& o m >3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " ." insi m .& o m>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
"" " ."" * .& o m>3A&&essed ;-<-16604
AUT0ORS7 8IOGRAP0IES:
EVON M! O! A8U6TAIE0 is a :h.D. ho$der and
assistant proessor in the Ara( A&adem! or
Ban*in% and +inan&ia$ S&ien&es 3AAB+S4. She is
a$so Assistant Dean in the Inormation S!stems
9o$$e%e and Dire&tor o the London S&hoo$ o
E&onomi&s pro%ram in the AAB+S.
She earned her :hD rom AAB+S in 166- in
sim#$ation. She re&ei)ed her masters in &omp#ter
s&ien&e rom :a&ii& L#theran Uni)ersit!, and her
B.S&. rom St. MartinVs 9o$$e%e (oth in Gashin%ton
Stat, USA.
She p#($ished man! resear&h papers in man! topi&s/
AIS, RSA, Ne#ra$ Net"or*s, sim#$ation, Data
minin% in air$ine reser)ations. She "as appointed in
man! &oneren&es as re)ie"er, tra&* &hair and tra&*
&o-&hair
A8U6TAIE0 "or*ed in the ie$d o &omp#ters or
a$most ;D !ears as s!stem ana$!st, sot"are
en%ineer, and head o IT department in man!
or%ani7ations/ M#tah Uni)ersit!, Ministr! o
Transport, Ba&&a$a#reate s&hoo$.
Her &#rrent resear&h interests are sot"are
en%ineerin%, data(ases, sim#$ation and mode$in%,
AI, and &ipherin% a$%orithms.
ASIM A8DEL RA0MAN EL S0EIK0 "as
a"arded his masters de%ree in Operationa$ Resear&h
rom London S&hoo$ o E&onomi&s E :o$iti&a$
S&ien&e, Uni)ersit! o London, London, En%$and.
Later he "as a"arded his :hD in sim#$ation and
mode$in%.
9#rrent$! he is Dean o +a&#$t! o Inormation
S!stems E Te&hno$o%!, The Ara( A&adem! or
Ban*in% E +inan&ia$ S&ien&es, Bordan. A#thor o
t"o (oo*s and more than 0- papers. Resear&h
interest areas/ Sot"are pira&!, Sot"are
o#tso#r&in%, Sim#$ation mode$in%, SG
en%ineerin%.
"" " .&on&# rrent -d ! n a m i&s .& o m>' 50 d >3A&&essed
<-16604
;-
" " ".ra&7 ! ns*i.& o m > p n >p n.h t m > 3A&&essed
.-166C4
;-