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Formula Sheet Geometry

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242 views

Formula Sheet Geometry

sheet

Uploaded by

samuthraraja
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Copyright Regents Exam Prep Center

Geometry Things to Remember!


Regular Solids:

Tetrahedron 4 faces
Cube 6 faces
Octahedron 8 faces
Dodecahedron 12 faces
Icosahedron 20 faces

3-D Figures:

Prism: V = Bh
Pyramid:
1
3
V Bh =
Cylinder:
2
V r h = ;
2
2 2 SA r r = +
Cone:
2
1
3
V r h = ;
2
SA s r r = +
Sphere:
3
4
3
V r = ;
2 2
4 SA r d = =
Locus Theorems:
Fixed distance from point.


Fixed distance from a line.

Equidistant from 2 points.

Equidistant 2 parallel lines.

Equidistant from 2
intersecting lines

Polygon Interior/Exterior Angles:
Sum of int. angles = 180( 2) n
Each int. angle (regular) =
180( 2) n
n


Sum of ext. angles = 360
Each ext. angle (regular) =
360
n


Congruent Triangles
SSS
SAS
ASA
AAS
HL (right triangles only)
NO donkey theorem
(SSA or ASS)

CPCTC (use after the triangles are congruent)
Related Conditionals:
Converse: switch if and then
Inverse: negate if and then
Contrapositive: inverse of the converse
(contrapositive has the same truth value
as the original statement)
Triangles:
By Sides:
Scalene no congruent sides
Isosceles 2 congruent sides
Equilateral 3 congruent sides
By Angles:
Acute all acute angles
Right one right angle
Obtuse one obtuse angle
Equiangular 3 congruent angles(60)
Equilateral Equiangular

Exterior angle of a triangle equals the
sum of the 2 non-adjacent interior
angles.

Mid-segment of a triangle is parallel
to the third side and half the length of
the third side.
Inequalities:
--Sum of the lengths of any two sides of a triangle is greater
than the length of the third side.
--Longest side of a triangle is opposite the largest angle.
--Exterior angle of a triangle is greater than either of the
two non-adjacent interior angles.

Pythagorean Theorem:
2 2 2
c a b = +
Converse: If the sides of a triangle
satisfy
2 2 2
c a b = + then the triangle is a
right triangle.
Similar Triangles:
AA
SSS for similarity
SAS for similarity
Corresponding sides of similar
triangles are in proportion.
Mean Proportional in Right Triangle:
Altitude Rule: Leg Rule:


Copyright Regents Exam Prep Center
Parallels: If lines are parallel

Corresponding angles are equal.
m<1=m<5, m<2=m<6, m<3=m<7, m<4=m<8
Alternate Interior angles are equal.
m<3=m<6, m<4=m<5
Alternate Exterior angles are equal.
m<1=m<8, m<2=m<7
Same side interior angles are supp.
m<3+m<5=180, m<4+m<6=180
Quadrilaterals:
Parallelogram: opp
sides parallel
opp sides =
opp angles =
consec. angles supp
diag bis each other
Rectangle: add 4 rt
angles, diag. =
Trapezoid:
Only one set
parallel sides.

Median of trap is
parallel to both
bases and =
sum bases.:
Rhombus: add 4 =
sides, diag. perp, diag
bisect angles.
Square: All from
above.
Isosceles Trap:
legs =
base angles =
diagonals =
opp angles supp
Transformations:









Glide
reflection is
composition
of a reflection
and a
translation.

Isometry
keeps length.

Orientation
label order

Circle Segments
In a circle, a radius perpendicular to a chord
bisects the chord.
Intersecting Chords Rule:
(segment part)(segment part) =
(segment part)(segment part)
Secant-Secant Rule:
(whole secant)(external part) =
(whole secant)(external part)
Secant-Tangent Rule:
(whole secant)(external part) = (tangent)
2
Hat Rule: Two tangents are equal.
Circle Angles:
Central angle = arc Inscribed angle = half arc Angle by tangent/chord = half arc


Angle formed by 2 chords Angle formed by 2 tangents, or 2 secants, or a tangent/secant
= half the sum of arcs = half the difference of arcs

Slopes and Equations:
2 1
2 1

= .

y y vertical change
m
horizontal change x x


1 1
slope-intercept
( ) point-slope
y mx b
y y m x x
= +
=

Coordinate Geometry Formulas:
Distance Formula:
2 2
2 1 2 1
( ) ( ) d x x y y = +
Midpoint Formula:
1 2 1 2
( , ) ,
2 2
x x y y
x y
+ +
=



Circles:
Equation of circle center at origin:
2 2 2
x y r + = where r is the radius.
Equation of circle not at origin:
2 2 2
( ) ( ) x h y k r + = where (h,k) is the
center and r is the radius.

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