Multiple Choice Questions - Paper 3

Instructions for candidates

The examination consists of 30 multiple choice questions, each divided into 5
different parts. Each part contains a statement which could be true or false. Each
question will have at least one part which is true. For each part, you should indicate
whether you thin it is true !T", false !F", or don#t now !$%". &ou must fill in the
relevant square with a blac pen. 'ne mar will be (iven for each correct answer and
one mar deducted for each incorrect answer. &ou will not be mared for those
questions for which you have indicated )don#t now).

1. The following are DNA iruses
*nfluen+a , virus
-ubella .irus
/epatitis 0 .irus
12. .irus
3arvovirus

!. The following are negatiel" stranded #NA iruses
3icornaviruses
'rthomyxoviruses
1oronaviruses
Flaviviruses
-habdoviruses

3. The following iruses hae seg$ented geno$es
'rthomyxoviruses
/erpesviruses
3aramyxoviruses
0unyaviruses
-otaviruses

%. The following are eneloped iruses
/erpesviruses
,denoviruses
-otaviruses
3arvoviruses
'rthomyxoviruses

&. All iruses
1ontain $%,
1ontain -%,
1ontain protein
,re susceptible to lipid solvents
,re intracellular parasites




'. The following iruses are associated with hu$an cancers
/4.56
E0.
/1.
,denoviruses
//.57

(. The following iruses $a" cause congenital infection
/4.56
-ubella
/*.
/0.
12.


). The following iruses hae reerse transcriptase
/*.
3arovirus
/0.
12.
/T8.59

*. The following iruses replicate in the nucleus
/erpseviruses
3oxviruses
3icornaviruses
'rthomyxoviruses
3aramyxoviruses

1+. The following are iral ,oonoses
-ubella
-abies
/antaviruses
8assa Fever
:apanese Encephalitis




11. #eassort$ent of genes $a" occur with
/4.59
/0.
/*.
*nfluen+a , .irus
-otaviruses

1!. The following state$ents are true of prions
-eadily inactivated by autoclave at 969
o
1
1ontain $%,
/ave lon( incubation periods
/i(hly immuno(enic
2ay be readily cultured

13. The following are -slow irus- diseases
/erpes 4implex Encephalitis
1reut+feldt5:acob disease
4ubacute 4celerosin( 3anecephalitis !443E"
-abies
3ro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy !328"

1%. ./0-1 infection $a" result in
Encephalitis
;in(ivostomatitis
;enital /erpes
1orneal <lcers
4hin(les

1&. The following iruses are associated with a esicular rash
-ubella .irus
2easles .irus
3arvovirus
/4.59
.=.





1'. C"to$egaloirus 1CM02
3rimary infection is usually asymptomatic
,n infectious mononucleosis5lie syndrome may occur durin( primary infection.
2ay cause severe infection in immunocompromised individuals
2ay cause con(enital infection
-eactivate from time to time

1(. 3pstein-4arr 0irus 13402 is associated with
*nfectious 2ononucleosis
>aposi?s 4arcoma
0uritt?s lymphoma
%asopharyn(eal carcinoma
,dult T5cell lymphoma

1). ..0-) is associated with
Fifth disease
-oseala *nfantum
>aposi?s 4arcoma
%asopharyn(eal 1arcinoma
'ral leuoplaia

1*. The following iruses are thought to cause gastroenteritis
Enteroviruses
1aliciviruses
%orwal5lie viruses
,stroviruses
3aramyxoviruses

!+. The following state$ents are true
/uman polyoma virus :1 is associated with pro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy !328"
/uman polyoma virus :1 is associated with warts
/3.5@ and /3.599 are associated with (enital cancers
/3.5@ and /3.599 are associated with :uvenile laryn(eal papillomatosis
3atients with Epidermodysplasia verruciformis are susceptible to widespread warts caused by /3.





!1. The following state$ents are true
*nfluen+a , may under(o anti(enic shift
*nfluen+a 0 may under(o anti(enic shift
*nfluen+a , may under(o anti(enic drift
*nfluen+a 0 may under(o anti(enic drift
*nfluen+a 0 may respond to amantidine

!!. #espirator" /"nc"tial 0irus
1ause disease mainly in adults
2ay cause bronchiolitis
2ay be prevented by vaccination
2ay be treated by amantidine
2ay cause latent infections

!3. .I0 $a" respond to
%ucleoside analo(ues
3rotease inhibitors
%euraminidase inhibitors
-everse transcriptase inhibitors
,cyclovir

!%. During the incu5ation period of .I0 infection6 there is
8ittle /*. replication
/*. is mainly inte(rated into the (enome of lon(5lived cell populations
/i(h turnover of 1$A cells
The viral load has a direct bearin( on the pro(nosis
8ittle antibody a(ainst the /*. envelope

!&. .epatitis A infection
2ay result in chronic infection
2ay be prevented by immuno(lobulin
2ay be prevented by vaccination
*s hi(hly infectious durin( the Baundice phase
2ay result in cirrhosis




!'. .epatitis 4 infection
2ay result in chronic infection
2ay result in cirrhosis of the liver
2ay result in hepatocellular carcinoma
*s hi(hly infectious when positive for anti5/be,( antibody
2ay respond to interferon therapy

!(. The following state$ents are true of hepatitis 4 core escape $utants
,ssociated with fulminant hepatitis
/be,( positive
/be,( positive
/0.5$%, positive
,nti5/bs,( antibody positive

!). .epatitis C irus
2ay be transmitted by blood
*s associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
2ay respond to interferon therapy
/as one stable (enotype only
2ay cause chronic infection

!*. The following state$ents are true
$en(ue virus infection result from bites by ,edes mosquitoes
1ases of den(ue haemorrha(ic fever usually result from reinfection by a different serotype of den(ue virus
3i(s act as the reservoir for den(ue virus
&ellow fever is prevalent throu(hout ,sia
&ellow fever may be prevented by vaccination

3+. Measles irus
*nfection may result in pneumonia
*nfection may result in encephalitis
<nder(o anti(enic drift
2ay respond to acyclovir
2ay be prevented by vaccination
Answers to Multiple Choice Questions - Paper 3

Instructions for candidates
The examination consists of 30 multiple choice questions, each divided into 5
different parts. Each part contains a statement which could be true or false. Each
question will have at least one part which is true. For each part, you should indicate
whether you thin it is true !T", false !F", or don#t now !$%". &ou must fill in the
relevant square with a blac pen. 'ne mar will be (iven for each correct answer and
one mar deducted for each incorrect answer. &ou will not be mared for those
questions for which you have indicated )don#t now).

1. The following are DNA iruses
False *nfluen+a , virus
False -ubella .irus
True /epatitis 0 .irus
True 12. .irus
True 3arvovirus
*nfluen+a , virus and -ubella .irus are -%, viruses. 12. .irus and /epatitis 0 .irus are double5stranded $%, viruses.
3arvovirus is a sin(le5stranded $%, virus

!. The following are negatiel" stranded #NA iruses
False 3icornaviruses
True 'rthomyxoviruses
False 1oronaviruses
False Flaviviruses
True -habdoviruses
3icornaviruses, coronaviruses and flaviviruses are positively stranded -%, viruses

3. The following iruses hae seg$ented geno$es
True 'rthomyxoviruses
False /erpesviruses
False 3aramyxoviruses
True 0unyaviruses
True -otaviruses
The (enome of orthomyxoviruses consists of C or 7 sin(le stranded -%, se(ments, bunyaviruses 3 sin(le stranded -%,
se(ments, and rotaviruses 99 double stranded -%, se(ments.

%. The following are eneloped iruses
True /erpesviruses
False ,denoviruses
False -otaviruses
False 3arvoviruses
True 'rthomyxoviruses

&. All iruses
False 1ontain $%,
False 1ontain -%,
True 1ontain protein
False ,re susceptible to lipid solvents
True ,re intracellular parasites
.iruses contain either $%, or -%,. ,ll viruses contain protein. 'nly enveloped viruses are susceptible to lipid solvents. ,ll
viruses are intracellular parasites.




'. The following iruses are associated with hu$an cancers
False /4.56
True E0.
True /1.
False ,denoviruses
True //.57
/4.56 was associated with (enital cancers at one time but this has now been disproved. E0. is associated with 0uritt?s
lymphoma, nasopharyn(eal carcinoma, and lar(e5cell lymphomas in immunocompromised individuals. ,lthou(h adenoviruses
may be onco(enic in vitro, there is no evidence that they are associated with human cancers. //.57 is associated with >aposi?s
sarcoma.

(. The following iruses $a" cause congenital infection
True /4.56
True -ubella
True /*.
True /0.
True 12.
,ll the above viruses may cause con(enital infection. -ubella and 12. are usually transmitted transplacentally in utero, whilst
/*., /0. and /4.56 are usually transmitted perinatally durin( the birth process.

). The following iruses hae reerse transcriptase
True /*.
False 3arvovirus
True /0.
False 12.
True /T8.59
/*. and /T8.59 are retroviruses. /0. is a $%, virus whose replication depend on a reverse transcriptase

*. The following iruses replicate in the nucleus
True /erpseviruses
False 3oxviruses
False 3icornaviruses
True 'rthomyxoviruses
False 3aramyxoviruses
,ll $%, viruses, with the exception of poxviruses replicate in the nucleus. ,ll -%, viruses, with the exception of
orthomyxoviruses, replicate in the cytoplasm

1+. The following are iral ,oonoses
False -ubella
True -abies
True /antaviruses
True 8assa Fever
True :apanese Encephalitis
=oonoses are infections which are transmitted from a vertebrate animal to humans either directly, or indirectly throu(h an
arthropod vector. -abies may be transmitted to human from various mammals. /antaviruses and 8assa fever from rodents. The
reservoir of :apanese encephalitis is in birds and pi(s and it is transmitted to humans via culex mosquitoes




11. #eassort$ent of genes $a" occur with
False /4.59
False /0.
False /*.
True *nfluen+a , .irus
True -otaviruses
-eassortment of (enes occur in influen+a , and rotaviruses. *t is thou(ht to be responsible for lar(e chan(es in anti(enicity

1!. The following state$ents are true of prions
False -eadily inactivated by autoclave at 969
o
1
False 1ontain
True /ave lon( incubation periods
False /i(hly immuno(enic
False 2ay be readily cultured
3rions required autoclavin( at 93A
o
1 in order to be effectively inactivated.They consist probably solely of proteinD no $%, had
ever had demonstrated. 3rion diseases are characterised by lon( incubation periods. 0ein( host5derived, prion proteins are not
immuno(enic. They may not be cultured readily.

13. The following are -slow irus- diseases
False /erpes 4implex Encephalitis
True 1reut+feldt5:acob disease
True 4ubacute 4celerosin( 3anecephalitis !443E"
False -abies
True 3ro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy !328"
)4low virus infections) refer to viral or prion infections of the brain characterised by a lon( incubation period which is in terms of
years. /uman prion diseases, 4ubacute 4celerosin( 3anecephalitis !443E", and 3ro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy
!328" are considered as slow virus infections. /erpes 4implex Encephalitis and rabies are not.

1%. ./0-1 infection $a" result in
True Encephalitis
True ;in(ivostomatitis
True ;enital /erpes
True 1orneal <lcers
False 4hin(les
/4.59 infection may result in encephalitis, (in(ivostomatitis, (enital herpes, and corneal ulcers. 4hin(les arise from a previous
infection by .=.

1&. The following iruses are associated with a esicular rash
False -ubella .irus
False 2easles .irus
False 3arvovirus
True /4.59
True .=.
-ubella, measles, and parvoviruses cause a maculopapular rash




1'. C"to$egaloirus 1CM02
True 3rimary infection is usually asymptomatic
True ,n infectious mononucleosis5lie syndrome may occur durin( primary infection.
True 2ay cause severe infection in immunocompromised individuals
True 2ay cause con(enital infection
True -eactivate from time to time
,ll the above

1(. 3pstein-4arr 0irus 13402 is associated with
True *nfectious 2ononucleosis
False >aposi?s 4arcoma
True 0uritt?s lymphoma
True %asopharyn(eal carcinoma
False ,dult T5cell lymphoma
//.57 is associated with >aposi?s sarcoma, /T8.59 is associated with ,dult T5cell lymphoma

1). ..0-) is associated with
False Fifth disease
False -oseala *nfantum
True >aposi?s 4arcoma
False %asopharyn(eal 1arcinoma
False 'ral leuoplaia
3arvovirus is associated with fifth disease, //.5@ with -oseala *nfantum, E0. with %asopharyn(eal 1arcinoma and oral
leuoplaia

1*. The following iruses are thought to cause gastroenteritis
False Enteroviruses
True 1aliciviruses
True %orwal5lie viruses
True ,stroviruses
False 3aramyxoviruses
,lthou(h enteroviruses may be found in the faeces, they are not associated with (astroenteritis. 3aramyxoviruses are not
associated with (astroenteritis

!+. The following state$ents are true
True /uman polyoma virus :1 is associated with pro(ressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy !328"
False /uman polyoma virus :1 is associated with warts
False /3.5@ and /3.599 are associated with (enital cancers
True /3.5@ and /3.599 are associated with :uvenile laryn(eal papillomatosis
True 3atients with Epidermodysplasia verruciformis are susceptible to widespread warts caused by /3.
/uman papillomaviruses !/3." are associated with warts. /3.59@ and 97 are associated with (enital cancers. 3atients with
Epidermodysplasia verruciformis are susceptible to widespread warts caused by a variety of /3. types. These lesions may
become cancerous later on in life.




!1. The following state$ents are true
True *nfluen+a , may under(o anti(enic shift
False *nfluen+a 0 may under(o anti(enic shift
True *nfluen+a , may under(o anti(enic drift
True *nfluen+a 0 may under(o anti(enic drift
False *nfluen+a 0 may respond to amantidine
'nly influen+a , is nown to under(o anti(enic shift. 0oth influen+a , and influen+a 0 may under(o anti(enic drift. 'nly
influen+a , respond to amantidine

!!. #espirator" /"nc"tial 0irus
False 1ause disease mainly in adults
True 2ay cause bronchiolitis
False 2ay be prevented by vaccination
False 2ay be treated by amantidine
False 2ay cause latent infections
-4. mainly causes disease in infants. *t is the main cause of bronchiolitis. There is no vaccine available. *t will not respond to
amantidine but will respond to ribavirin. *t is not nown to cause latent infections,

!3. .I0 $a" respond to
True %ucleoside analo(ues
True 3rotease inhibitors
False %euraminidase inhibitors
True -everse transcriptase inhibitors
True ,cyclovir
/*. may respond to reverse transcriptase inhibitors, many of which are nucleoside analo(ues. *t may also respond to /*.
protease inhibitors which are the most potent a(ents to date. %euraminidase inhibitors are used for the treatment of influen+a virus
infections whilst acyclovir is used for herpesvirus infections.

!%. During the incu5ation period of .I0 infection6 there is
False 8ittle /*. replication
False /*. is mainly inte(rated into the (enome of lon(5lived cell populations
True /i(h turnover of 1$A cells
True The viral load has a direct bearin( on the pro(nosis
False 8ittle antibody a(ainst the /*. envelope
$urin( the incubation period, there is a hu(e amount of viral replication and consequently a hi(h turnover of 1$A cells. 'nly a
very small proportion of /*. is inte(rated into the (enome of lon(5lived cell populations. The viral load has a direct bearin( on
the pro(nosis. /*. envelope antibody remains at a hi(h level throu(hout the incubation period.

!&. .epatitis A infection
False 2ay result in chronic infection
True 2ay be prevented by immuno(lobulin
True 2ay be prevented by vaccination
False *s hi(hly infectious durin( the Baundice phase
False 2ay result in cirrhosis
/,. infection does not result in chronic infection and therefore cirrhosis. *t may be prevented by the administration of human
normal immuno(lobulin !/%*;", and active vaccination by an inactivated vaccine. 0y the time Baundice appears, there is little
viral excretion and thus infectivity.




!'. .epatitis 4 infection
True 2ay result in chronic infection
True 2ay result in cirrhosis of the liver
True 2ay result in hepatocellular carcinoma
True *s hi(hly infectious when positive for /0e,(
True 2ay respond to interferon therapy
/0. infection may result in chronic infection, cirrhosis of the liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. The presence of /be,(
indicates viral replication and thus infectivity. 1hronic /0. infection may respond to interferon therapy.

!(. The following state$ents are true of hepatitis 4 core escape $utants
True ,ssociated with fulminant hepatitis
False /be,( positive
True anti5/be,( antibody positive
True /0.5$%, positive
False ,nti5/bs,( antibody positive
/epatitis 0 core escape mutants are associated with acute fulminant hepatitis. They are anti5/be,( antibody positive and /0.5
$%, positive. /bs,( is present and therefore they should be no anti5/bs,( antibody.

!). .epatitis C irus
True 2ay be transmitted by blood
True *s associated with hepatocellular carcinoma
True 2ay respond to interferon therapy
False /as one stable (enotype only
False 2ay cause chronic infection
/1. is mainly transmitted by blood. *t may cause chronic infection and is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma. *t may
respond to interferon therapy. There are a number of /1. (enotypes.

!*. The following state$ents are true
True $en(ue virus infection result from bites by ,edes mosquitoes
True 1ases of den(ue haemorrha(ic fever usually result from reinfection by a different serotype of den(ue virus
False 3i(s act as the reservoir for den(ue virus
False &ellow fever is prevalent throu(hout ,sia
True &ellow fever may be prevented by vaccination
$en(ue virus infection result from bites by ,edes mosquitoes. 1ases of den(ue haemorrha(ic fever usually result from
reinfection by a different serotype of den(ue virusD an immunopatholo(ical mechanism is thou(ht to be involved. %o animal
reservoir is involved in the vast maBority of den(ue casesD transmission arise from a man5mosquito5man cycle. &ellow fever is not
found in ,sia, it is prevalent in some Eest ,frican and 1entral and 4outh ,merican countries. *t can be prevented by vaccination
with a live attenuated vaccine.

3+. Measles irus
True *nfection may result in pneumonia
True *nfection may result in encephalitis
False <nder(o anti(enic drift
False 2ay respond to acyclovir
True 2ay be prevented by vaccination
2easles virus infection may result in pneumonia and encephalitis. There is one stable serotype. 2easles will not respond to
acyclovir but can be prevented by vaccination.