MORFOLOGIJA

- IMENICE (Nouns)
1. Countables: student, fowers
2. Uncountables: love, happiness
- Countable nouns
* Uz countable nouns se koristi neodreeni lan !" #koristi se sa$o uz
bro%ive i$enice u %ednini&
- #su'lasnik&!" #sa$o'lasnik&( ne$a $no)inu
- !" * one ( %edan
e.g. wo$an wants to see +ou.
* Uz bro%ive i$enice koriste se slede,i izrazi za koliinu: $an+, -ew, a -ew, a
lar'e nu$ber o-.
-Uncountable-
* Uz nebro%ive i$enice koriste se slede,i izrazi za koliinu: $uch, little, a
little, a piece o-, an ite$ o-.
MUCHMAN! ("lu#al $o#%)
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- /U01 ( Uncountable nouns #2ositive&
e.g. $ilk, $ar$alade, $one+, ti$e, etc. 1ow $uch $one+
!bread!water.. is there3
- /"4 - 0ountable nouns #2lural&
e.g. dollars, $inutes, bottles o- $ilk, etc. 1ow $an+
students!teachers!desks are there3
FE&LI''LE ("lu#al $o#%)
- 567 - 0ountable nouns #"e'ative&
e.g. 8here are onl+ a -ew da+s le-t until vacation. #da+s - countable&
- 9:8896 - Uncountable nouns #"e'ative&
e.g. 8here is little hope o- ;ndin' +our wallet. #hope - uncountable&
FE&ERLE((
- 5676< ( use with ob%ects that can be counted one ( b+ (one.
e.g. 8here are -ewer da+s below -reezin' last winter. #da+s can be counted&
- 96== ( use with >ualities or >uantities that can?t be individuall+
counted.
e.g. : drink less water than she did. #water can?t be counted individuall+ one
( b+ - one&
A LO' OF LO'( OF
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- 9@8 @5 ( use in positive sentences, ne'ative sentences and
>uestions. 0an be used with countable or uncountable nouns.
e.g. 8here are a lot o- )ogs in the street.
: have a lot o- t*%e to answer +ou.
"a kra%u reenice se korsiti kao adverb.
e.g. : en%o+ed swi$$in' a lot. ( adv.
- 9@8= @5 ( use in positive and ne'ative sentences, it is $ore in-or$al.
:t can be used with countable or uncountable nouns and in >uestions.
e.g. 7e have lots o- t*%e to catch the plane, lets relaA.
8here are lots o- "eo"le in the >ueue.
EI'HER NEI'HER
- 6:816< ( one or the other o- two.
e.g. 8here was a chair on either side o- the ;re-place. #both side&
- "6:816< ( used to show a'ree$ent with ne'ative state$ents.
e.g. : : don?t understand =panish
B: "either do :.
* =@/6 ( positive sentences ( countable and uncountable
* "4 - ne'ative sentences or >uestions ( countable and uncountable
- +LAN (',e A#t*cle)
- Clan $o)e biti odreeni i neodreeni
D
- Neo)#e-en* .lan -
- * Uz countable nouns se koristi neodreeni lan !" #koristi se sa$o
uz bro%ive i$enice u %ednini&
- - #su'lasnik&!" #sa$o'lasnik&( ne$a $no)inu
- - !" * one ( %edan
- e.g. wo$an wants to see +ou.
- * Uz bro%ive i$enice koriste se slede,i izrazi za koliinu: $an+, -ew, a
-ew, a lar'e nu$ber o-.
- O)#e-en* .lan
- @dreeni lan ( 816 ( uncountable nouns
- :$ai %edninu i $no)inu
- Eada se neko lice ili stvar prvi put po$ene stavl%a se neodreeni lan,
a kada se ta ista i$enica spo$in%e dal%e u tekstu koristi se odreeni
lan.
- /REMENA
0. 1#esent (*%"le 'ense
- <adn%a ko%a se ponavl%a #uobia%ena&.
F
- Eoristi se sa ever+ da+, so$eti$es, usuall+, alwa+s, rarel+, seldo$, o-ten
2. 1#esent Cont*nuous 'ense
- in'
- Eoristi se za radn%u ko%a se do'aa upravo u $o$entu 'ovoren%a.
3. 1ast (*%"le 'ense #what ti$e3, when3&
- Eoristi se za radn%e za ko%e se tano zna kada su se do'odile u proGlosti i
ko%e nii$ nisu vezane za sadaGn%ost.
F. 1ast Cont*nuous 'ense #kad, dok&
- Eoristi se za 2 uporede radn%e #while&
- Eada i$a$o 2 proGle radn%e i prava radn%a prekida dru'u u proGlosti.
e.g. 1e was crossin' the street 4,en : saw hi$.
5. 1#esent 1e#$ect 'ense #da li, zar, how lon', the $ost&
- <adn%a ko%a %e poela u proGlosti, a n%ene posl%edice se os%e,a%u i u
budu,nosti.
- Eoristi se kada posto%i veza sadaGn%osti i proGlosti, kada neko' prvi put
obav%eGtava$o o nee$u
2riloGke odredbe: never, ever, %ust, alread+, -or, since, +et, this week, this
+ear, toda+, alwa+s, still.
H
6. 1#esent 1e#$ect Cont*nuous 'ense
- have been in'
- Eoristi se kada radn%a tra%e u $o$entu kada 'ovori$o. 8e)iGte %e na
in%enici, a ne na tra%an%u radn%e.
7. 1ast 1e#$ect 'ense
- 2roGlo vri%e$e ko%e se do'odilo pri%e neke dru'e proGle radn%e.
- Ieznici: be-ore, a-ter, until, when
- Nikad ne stoji sam8 u9*:e; :e u ;o%b*nac*:* sa "ast tense-o%
<. 1ast 1e#$ect Cont*nuous 'ense
- 2roGla radn%a ko%a %e du)e vre$ena tra%ala, pri%e ne'o Gto se dru'a proGla
radn%a do'odila.
=. Futu#e 1e#$ect 'ense
- will J have J past participle
- Eorsiti se za radn%u ko%a ,e se do'oditi do tano odreeno' $o$enta u
budu,nosti.
e.'. B+ the end o- "ove$ber, : will have painted $+ roo$.
- CON>I'IONAL
- I$ ( ako, da li, da, kad
0. Gene#al Con)*t*onal
- i- J present tense Jpresent tense
- Use: to talk about 'eneral truths, and auto$atic or habitual results
K
e.g. :- +ou hate ice, it turns to water.
2. F*#st Con)*t*onal
- i- J si$ple present Jwill Jbase -or$
- Use: to talk about a situation that we think will probabl+ happen in the
-uture, bu which depends on so$ethin' else happenin' ;rst.
e.g. :- : can, : will 'o out #u prvo$ di%elu $o'u se na,i can i $ust&
3. (econ) Con)*t*onal
- i- J past tense J would J base -or$
- prevodi se prezento$
- Use: 1. 8o talk about unreal or h+pothetical present or -uture situations.
2. 8o talk about present or -uture situations that are not likel+
e.g. :- : had a lot o- $one+, : would bu+ $+ parents a new house.
?. ',*#) Con)*t*onal
- i- J past per-ect J would J have J past participle
- Use: 1. 8o talk about so$ethin' that was not happened,
2. 8o talk about so$ethin' unreal #unrealized&
e.'. :- : had had the chance, : would have told hi$.
5. Con)*t*onal 4*t, Unless
L
- Unless J positive * i- J ne'ative
e.g. Unless +ou stop soon. #* i- +ou don?t stop soon&

6. Con)*t*onal 4*t, I$
- Unless J positive * i- J ne'ative
e.g. Unless +ou 'ive it to $e.
- s!so lon' as! provided #that&!providin' #that&
* 8hat phrases can be used to introduce conditionals. 8he+ $ean Mon
contidion that.N or Mi-, but onl+ i-.N
e.g. 4ou can sta+ and listen as lon' as +ou are >uiet.
- as i- ( kon%unktiv ( izra)avan%e )el%a
- (UFFI@E(
0. Noun suABes do$, -it+, -$ent, -sion, -ation, -ness, -ance, -ence, -er,
-or,- ist, -ship, -hood, -ion, -ee, -is$, -al, -or+, - ar+
-)o%
wis)o%#n&
kin')o%#n&
at the end o- a word $eans:
- state or condition
- do$ain, position, rank
- a 'roup with position, oOce, or rank
wiseJ)o% $eans the state o- understandin' what is
'ood, ri'ht and lastin'
kin'J)o% $eans the do$ain or area belon'in' to a
kin'.
P
-*tC
capabil*tC#n&
feAibil*tC#n&
at the end o- a word $eans condition or >ualit+ o-
QQQQQQQQQQ.
capableJ*tC $eans the condition o- bein' capable.
feAibleJ*tC $eans the >ualit+ o- bein' feAible.
-%ent
content%ent
#n&
at the end o- a word $eans act o- QQQQQQQQQQR state o-
QQQQQQQQQQR result o-
contentJ%ent $eans the state o- bein' satis;ed
#content&.
-s*on8 -t*on
celebrat*on
#n&
at the end o- a word $eans act o- QQQQQQQQQQR state o-
QQQQQQQQQQ.
celebrateJt*on $eans the act o- celebratin'
-ness
tou'hness
#n&
at the end o- a word $eans state o- QQQQQQQQQQ.
tou'hJness $eans the state o- bein' tou'h.
-ance8
-ence
assistance
#n&
at the end o- a word $eans act o- QQQQQQQQQQR state o-
QQQQQQQQQQR >ualit+ o-
assistJance $eans act o- 'ivin' help.
-e#8 -o#
;'hte# #n&
acto# #n&
at the end o- a word $eans one who QQQQQQQQQQR that
which QQQQQQQQQQ.
;'htJe# $eans one who ;'hts
actJo# $eans one who acts.
-*st
violin*st #n&
at the end o- a word also $eans one who QQQQQQQQQQR
that which QQQQQQQQQQ.
violinJ*st $eans one who pla+s the violin.
2. /e#b suABes ( en, -ize, - ate, - i-+, --+, -ise
-en
bri'hten #v&
so-ten #v&
at the end o- a word $eans to $ake QQQQQQQQQQ.
bri'htJen $eans to $ake bri'ht.
so-tJen $eans to $ake so-t.
-*De
public*De #v&
at the end o- a word $eans to $ake QQQQQQQQQQ.
publicJ*De $eans to $ake public or to $ake the public aware
o-.
-ate
activate#v&
at then end o- a word $eans to have or be characterized b+
QQQQQQQQQQ.
activeJate $eans to $ake active.
S
diTerentiate
#v&
diTerentJate $eans to $ake or show a diTerence.
-*$C or -$C
si$pl*$C#v&
at the end o- a word $eans to cause to beco$e or to $ake.
si$pleJ*$C $eans to $ake si$ple or si$pler.
3. A):ect*9e suABes ive, -en, -ic, -al, -able, -+, -ous, --ul, -less
-*9e
eAtens*9e#a
d%&
select*9e#ad
%&
at the end o- a word $eans doin' or tendin' toward doin'
so$e action
eAtendJ*9e $eans doin' so$ethin' lar'e in ran'e or a$ount
selectJ*9e $eans tendin' to select.
-en
wooden
#ad%&
at the end o- a word $eans $ade o- QQQQQQQQQQ.
woodJen $eans $ade o- wood.
"ote: 7hen the word is an ad%ective, the -en $eans $ade o-
QQQQQQQQQQ. 7e have seen -en at the end o- a verb. 8here it
$eans to $ake QQQQQQQQQQ.
-*c at the end o- a word $eans characteristic o-QQQQQQQQQQR like
1U
hero*c #ad%&
poet*c #ad%&
QQQQQQQQQQ.
heroJ*c $eans characteristic o- a hero.
poetJ*c $eans characteristic o- #or like& poets or poetr+.
-al
;nancial
#ad%&
$anual #ad%&
so$eti$es $akes an ad%ectiveR when it $akes an ad%ective it
$eans relatin' to
;nanceJal $eans relatin' to ;nance. #5inance $eans $one+.&
$anuJal $eans relatin' to the hand. #/anus $eans hand in
9atin.&
-able
portable
#ad%&
pleasurable
#ad%&
at the end o- a word $eans able QQQQQQQQQQR can QQQQQQQQQQR or
'ivin'
portJable $eans can be carriedR able to be carried.
pleasureJable $eans 'ivin' pleasure.
-C
hairC #ad%&
rainC #ad%&
at the end o- a word $eans havin' QQQQQQQQQQ.
hairJC $eans havin' hair #a lot o- hair&.
rainJC $eans havin' rain.
-ous
$+sterious
#ad%&
at the end o- a word $eans -ull o- QQQQQQQQQQR havin'
QQQQQQQQQQ.
$+ster+Jous $eans -ull o- $+ster+.
-$ul
hope$ul
#ad%&
beauti$ul
#ad%&
at the end o- a word $eans -ull o- QQQQQQQQQQR havin'
QQQQQQQQQQ.
hopeJ$ul $eans -ull o- hope.
beaut+J$ul $eans -ull o- beaut+.
"ote: 8he suOA --ul is alwa+s spelled with one lR the word -ull
has two.
-less
powerless
#ad%&
ho$eless#a
d%&
at the end o- a word $eans without QQQQQQQQQQ.
powerJless $eans without power.
ho$eJless $eans without a ho$e.
?. A)9e#b (uABes - l+
-lC
>uicklC
#adv&
at the end o- a word al$ost alwa+s $akes an adverbR
occasionall+ it will $ake an ad%ective.
>uickJlC.
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'RICE(
- 9atel+ ( present per-ect tense
- 9ast ( uvi%ek past si$ple tense
- :n a while ( u budu,nosti
- 5or a while ( ve, bilo ili sada
- =la'an%e vre$ena ( koristi se u proGlosti da se odredi ko%a radn%a %e stari%a u
proGlosti i kada se povezu%e proGlosti i budu,nost #would&

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