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741 Analysis.

The small-signal voltage gain of the 741 op-amp can be analyzed by breaking it into its basic circuits and using results from the DC analysis. The differential voltage gain of the 741 op-amp input stage is -636 V/V. The gain of the second stage is determined by the output resistance of the first stage Ro1, the input resistance of the second stage R12, and the output resistance of the second stage Ro2. The frequency response is determined by the total input capacitance Cin and the resistance Rt, formed by Ro1 and R12.

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322 views

741 Analysis.

The small-signal voltage gain of the 741 op-amp can be analyzed by breaking it into its basic circuits and using results from the DC analysis. The differential voltage gain of the 741 op-amp input stage is -636 V/V. The gain of the second stage is determined by the output resistance of the first stage Ro1, the input resistance of the second stage R12, and the output resistance of the second stage Ro2. The frequency response is determined by the total input capacitance Cin and the resistance Rt, formed by Ro1 and R12.

Uploaded by

akshatgargmodernite
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Small-Signal Analysis of the 741

We can analyze the small-signal voltage gain


of the 741 op-amp by dividing it into its basic
circuits and using results previously obtained
in the DC analysis.

The Input Stage

vi
ie =
4re
VT 25 mV
=
= 2.63 k
re =
9.5 A
I
Rid = 4( N + 1)re
For N = 200, Rid = 2.1 M

The load circuit of the input stage

io = 2ie
i

Gm1 = o =
vi 2re

Finding Ro5 and Ro6


Ro = ro [1 + g m ( RE // r )
RE = re = 2.63 k
ro = VA /I ; VA = 50 V; I = 9.5 A
Ro 4 = 10.5 M; R06 = 18.2 M
Ro 4 // Ro 6 = Ro1 = 6.7 M

Example: Determine the small-signal differential voltage gain of the 741


op-amp input stage. Assume transistor gain of = 200 and Early
voltages of VA = 50 V.

Ad = g m (ro 4 // Rac1 // Ri 2 ) =

I CQ

(ro 4 // Rac1 // Ri 2 )

VT
Ract1 = ro6 [1 + g m6 ( R2 // r 6 ]
Ri 2 = r 16 + ( + 1) RE

RE = R9 //[ r 17 + ( + 1) R8 ]
VT
200 0.026
r 17 =
=
= 9.63 k
I C17
0.54
RE = 50 //[9.63 + (201)(0.1)] = 18.6 k

VT

200 0.026
r 16 =
=
= 329 k
I C16
0.0158
Ri 2 = 329 + (201)(18.6) = 4.07 M
V
200 0.026
r 6 = T =
= 547 k
0.0095
IC 6
I
0.0095
g m6 = C 6 =
= 0.365 mA/V
VT
0.026
6

VA
50
=
= 5.26 M
ro6 =
I C 6 0.0095
Ract1 = 5.26[1 + 0.365(1//547)] = 7.18 M
VA
50
=
= 5.26 M
ro 4 =
I C 4 0.0095
9.5
Ad = (
)(5.26 // 7.18 // 4.07) = 636
0.026

The Gain (Second) Stage


Ri 2 = ( 16 + 1)[re16 + R9 //( 17 + 1)(re17 + R8 )]

Ro2 = (Ro13B // Ro17) =81 k


Ro13B = ro13B

The Output Stage

vo max = VC C VCEsat VBE14


vo min = VEE + VCEsat + VEB 23 + VEB 20

10

Circuit for Finding the Output Resistance Rout

11

Gain, Frequency Response, and Slew Rate of the 741

vo vi 2 vo 2 vo
=
vi
vi vi 2 vo 2
Gm1 ( Ro1 // R12 )(Gm 2 Ro 2 )Gvo3
Ao = 243147 V/V

RL
RL + Rout
12

Frequency Response
Cin = CC (1 + A2 )
Rt = ( Ro1 // Ri 2 ) = (6.7 M // 4 M) = 2.5 M
1
fp =
= 4.1 Hz
2Cin Rt

13

A Simple Model of the 741

Vo ( s ) Gm1
A( s ) =
=
Vi ( s ) sCC
Gm1
Gm1
A( j ) =
; t =
jCC
CC
14

Slew Rate

2I
vo (t ) =
t
CC
2I
SR =
CC

15

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