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Physics Challenge

This document summarizes the solution to a physics challenge problem involving calculating the resistance in an infinite circuit made of hexagons. It provides the following key points: 1) The challenge involves finding the resistance R of each side of a hexagon, given the ohmmeter reads 10Ω between two points K and L. 2) The solution uses symmetry and superposition principles to find the effective resistance is R. It views the circuit as two configurations to apply superposition. 3) The document also notes that the effective resistance between adjacent nodes on an infinite square mesh is R/2 and on an infinite triangular mesh is R/3, as calculated by similar techniques.

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Kelvin
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123 views

Physics Challenge

This document summarizes the solution to a physics challenge problem involving calculating the resistance in an infinite circuit made of hexagons. It provides the following key points: 1) The challenge involves finding the resistance R of each side of a hexagon, given the ohmmeter reads 10Ω between two points K and L. 2) The solution uses symmetry and superposition principles to find the effective resistance is R. It views the circuit as two configurations to apply superposition. 3) The document also notes that the effective resistance between adjacent nodes on an infinite square mesh is R/2 and on an infinite triangular mesh is R/3, as calculated by similar techniques.

Uploaded by

Kelvin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Challenge for

Teachers and Students


Solutions to March 2007 Challenge

No Honey Here
Challenge: The diagram shows a part of an infinite
circuit made of conducting wire. Each side of each
hexagon has the same resistance R (unknown). The
ohmmeter connected to points K and L reads 10 .
Find R.
K

again by symmetry and the junction rule, a current i/3 flows from K to M. The superposition
of these two configurations gives a net current
2i/3 in the branch KM and a potential difference
V between its ends. By Ohms law the potential
drop through the resistance in KM is (2i/3) R.
By Kirchhoff s loop rule, we have

V=
M

2i
R,
3

and the effective resistance is therefore given by

RKM =
Solution: A method relying on symmetry and
superposition to find the effective resistance
between adjacent nodes on an infinite square
mesh of resistors was given by Aitchison.1 We
will begin by reviewing that method as applied
to the adjacent node problem on the infinite
hexagonal mesh. Then we will obtain the
effective resistance between a pair of nodes,
such as K and L, which have one node in
between them.
Adjacent nodes K and M are held at a potential difference V. This physical situation is
viewed as a superposition of two other configurations. In one configuration the point K is held
at potential V/2 relative to the boundary at infinity. A current i flows into K and splits evenly
three ways owing to symmetry of the mesh and
to Kirchhoff s junction rule. In particular, a
current i/3 flows from K to M. In the other configuration, M is held at potentialV/2 relative
to the boundary. A current i flows out of M, and

198

V
2
= R.
i
3

The effective resistance between K and L is


found by the same technique. If K is held at
potential V/2, the current i splits three ways.
The current i/3 in KM then splits two ways so
that the current in ML is i/6. By holding L at
V/2 we introduce a current of i/3 in ML (from
M toward L) and i/6 in KM. Superposition
yields current i/3 + i/6 = i/2 in KM and the
same in ML. We find
V = i KMR + i MLR = iR
and the effective resistance is
R KL = R = 10 .
Note: The effective resistance between adjacent nodes on an infinite square mesh is easily
calculated to be R/2, and similarly it is found
to be R/3 on an infinite triangular mesh.2 The
symmetry argument, however, breaks down
for alternating nodes, requiring a different

THE PHYSICS TEACHER Vol. 45, 2007

approach for the square and triangular


cases.3,4
1.

2.

3.
4.

We would also like to recognize the following


contributors:

R.E. Aitchison, Resistance between adjacent


points of Liebman mesh, Am. J. Phys. 32, 566
(1964).
Peter M. Osterberg and Aziz S. Inan, Impedance
between adjacent nodes of infinite uniform D-dimensional resistive lattices, Am. J. Phys. 72, 972
(2004).
D Atkinson and F. J. van Steenwijk, Infinite resistive lattices, Am. J. Phys. 67, 486 (1999)
The author wishes to thank Carl Mungan for correspondence, and for pointing out reference 3.

Sanjeet Singh Adarsh (PTC, Pune, India)


Alan J. DeWeerd (University of Redlands, Redlands, CA)
Don Easton (Lacombe, Alberta, Canada)
Fredrick P. Gram (Cuyahoga Community College, Cleveland, OH)
J. Iiguez (Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain)
Stephen McAndrew (Trinity Grammar School,
Summer Hill, NSW, Australia)
(Contributed by Jeff Melmed, Eastern Maine Carl E. Mungan (U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD)
Community College, Bangor, ME)
Divyanshu Ranjan, student (Jainnagar, Delhi,
India)
Many thanks to all contributors and we hope
to hear from you in the future!
Please send correspondence to:
Boris Korsunsky
[email protected]

THE PHYSICS TEACHER Vol. 45, 2007

199

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