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Fundamentals of ICT: Jawairia Rasheed

This document provides information about a course on Fundamentals of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) taught by Jawairia Rasheed. It outlines the course description, textbook, reference books, grading structure, and topics to be covered in the first lesson including definitions of ICT terms and the benefits of ICT to society.

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348 views

Fundamentals of ICT: Jawairia Rasheed

This document provides information about a course on Fundamentals of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) taught by Jawairia Rasheed. It outlines the course description, textbook, reference books, grading structure, and topics to be covered in the first lesson including definitions of ICT terms and the benefits of ICT to society.

Uploaded by

jawairia123
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of ICT

Jawairia Rasheed

Office: Room B107, Faculty of Computing and IT


Email: [email protected]

Office Hours:
Monday: 11:00 a.m. 12:00 p.m.

Course Description
This is an introductory course on the Fundamentals
of Information and Communication Technologies.
Topics include:
ICT Terminologies
Hardware and Software Concepts
and Components
Networking Concepts
and Applications
ICT based applications.

All images used in presentations are for educational purposes only. In most cases a hyperlink or image url is provided. If there is no
reference and originator wishes image to be removed, then please send email to [email protected] for compliance

Textbook
Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton, 6th
International Edition (McGraw HILL)

Reference Books

Computing Essentials: Complete 2010 by


OLeary/OLeary (McGraw Hill)
Using Information Technology: A Practical
Introduction to Computer & Communications by
Williams & Sawyer, 7th Edition (McGraw Hill)
Computers, Communications & Information: A
User's Introduction by Sarah E. Hutchinson,
Stacey C. Sawyer

Web References

www.howstuffworks.com

Tentative Grading
Grading

25%
50%
10%
5%
10%

Midterm
End Semester Exam
Assignments
Quizzes
Project/ Presentation

Quiz/Assignment Policy
Quizzes will be announced/unannounced.
Late submission of assignments will either not be
entertained or will result in the deduction of marks.

Project
Individual or Group Work
Presentations will be required

Lesson 1A
ICT Definitions
Types of Computers
Benefits of ICT to Society

Black Box Theory

OUTPUT

INPUT

Response

Stimulus
BLACK BOX

Data versus Information


Data: Raw plain
facts and figures
Information: When
data is Processed
and Organized to
make it Useful.

Science and Technology


Science:
the body of knowledge obtained by methods of
observation
the pursuit of knowledge about the material
world. By its very nature, science is
unpredictable. (Blake L. White)

Technology
Interface of society and
science
The creation of artifacts
and systems to
meet people's needs
Science + Imagination =
Technology

Technology
Technology: the conscious
attempt to apply our
understanding about the
universe to accomplish some
specific, material end (to
benefit society): to cure a
disease, to make a cleaner
car, or to provide 500
channels of entertainment. It
is predictable and
controllable. (Dr Alan J.

Friedman)

ConstelTechnologyrion

Communication
The process of attempting
to impart information
from a sender to a
receiver with the use of
a medium (Wikipedia)
Many mediums to
achieve this goal
For ICT purposes we
mean electronic medium

Information and Communication Technology


Diverse set of technological tools and resources
used to communicate, and to create, disseminate,
store, and manage information.
These technologies include computers, the
Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and
television), and telephony (Wikipedia)
Key component of ICT is still the Computer

What is a Computer
Computer computes
Programmable, multiuse machine that accepts
data and figures and processes it into usable
information.
Data & Instructions

Processing/
Computation

Information/Results

Storage

What is Information Technology !?!

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What is Information Technology !?!


Computer Technology
+
Communication Technology
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Computer Technology
Programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data
and processes it into usable information
summaries, totals, or reports

Used to speed up problem solving and increase


productivity

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Communication Technology
Communication technology consists of devices and
systems for communicating over long distances
Using Wires
Electrical Signals
Optical Signals (Light)

Wirelessly
ElectroMagnetic Waves
Acoustic Waves (Sound)

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Information Technology
IT is any technology that helps to produce,
manipulate, store, communicate, and/or
disseminate information
These technologies include computers, the
Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and
television), and telephony (Wikipedia)
Merges computing with high-speed
communications links carrying data, sound, and
video
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Exercise
How have you been using Information Technology
in your life?

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Some Examples of IT
Image Morphing
changing (or morphing) one image into another through
a seamless transition

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Image Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphing

Some Examples of IT
GPS Tracking (Global positioning system)
Track your vehicles, wherever they go, using GPS

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Image Source: http://propakistani.pk

Some Examples of IT
Video Conferencing

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Some Examples of IT
Robotics

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Negative Impact
Lots of information and social media
a massive threat to your health, personal data and
security. (And maybe friendships.)

Spyware, Trojan Horses, Viruses, and Worms


Scams & Fraud

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Information Technology
Key component of information technology is the
COMPUTER

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Analytical Engine
Charles Babbage (Famous mathematician, Professor
at Cambridge University, Chair of Newton)
1833, made a design of a computing device

Father of the computer


Worlds first digital general purpose computer

Named Analytical Engine


A brilliant design
Could not be constructed during his time
Possible after 100 years of his design

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Analytical Engine

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Analytical Engine
A programmable mechanical digital machine.
Nowadays our computers are all electronic. But at
that time electronics technology did not exist.
All the capabilities of todays modern computer
Computations
Make decisions: If-else
Input, storage, processor, output

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Ada (1815 1852)


Famous student of Babbage
Ada (Mathematician)
Her fathers name was Byron who was a famous poet
Wrote a program for Babbages machine (considered to
be the first computer program)
Worlds first computer programmer

Language: Ada
US Dept. of defence designed this first language and to
honour her they named the language Ada.

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Computer
The first use of the word "computer" recorded in
1613
A person who carried out calculations, or computations

From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the


word began to take on its more familiar meaning
A machine that carries out computations
A computer is a programmable machine that receives input,
stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a useful
format.

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Advantages
Speed
Storage

Accuracy

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Disadvantages
Image and Pattern recognition
Can computers think?

Come up with brand new innovative ideas

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Computers in Society

Computers at home
Computers in education
Computers in small business
Computers in industry
Computers in health care
Computers in government

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Past
Most computing was done by specialists

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Present
With the introduction of microcomputers, WE
operate the computer.
Today, almost every item we use is made by using a
computeror--has a computer component built into
it.
WE must become the experts.

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