GH.

ASACHI TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF IASI

CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILDING SERVICES FACULTY
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PROJECT II
Civil constructions
DESIGNSUBJECT:

REINFORCED CONCRETE SHARE WALL

MULTI-STOREY BUILDING,
(Ug. + G + 4Fl . . . . 10 Fl.)

AUTHOR, STUDENT: Blanariu DRAGOS

Year: III group: 3307
PROJECT ADVISOR: Sl. Dr. Ing. Radu PESCARU
Sl. Dr. Ing. Irina BARAN
Fetesti, pur.12 cm

--- IAI 2012 2013 ---

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PROJECT THEME
The project consists in some elements of design for a building that can have one
of the following destinations:
- block of flats; hotel; students accommodation building.
The building has UG+G+4Fl and it is placed in urban area on a land with the
natural slope of 2% and connected to the city services facilities.
The structure will have:
- pedestrian or non pedestrian reinforced concrete flat roof;
- monolithic or precast reinforced concrete shear walls combined with
lamellar frames;
- reinforced concrete floor slabs and stairs;
- elastic cross beam or mat concrete foundations under the load bearing
walls and columns.
The envelope of the building consists of:
- load-bearing walls of reinforced concrete or non load-bearing walls of
hollow brick or cellular concrete block masonry protected on the external face with al
layer of efficient thermo insulating materials (fireproofed expanded polystyrene for face
wall, mineral wool rigid plates, extruded polystyrene etc.);
- ventilated or un-ventilated could (insulated) terrace roof;
- the ground floor plate over unheated basement will be insulated on the
ceiling of the basement;
- the doors and windows can be of multi-layer wood or PVC profiles with
thermal insulating double or triple glassed window panels with Low CTE float glass. The
windows will be provided with ventilating systems or with three opening positions in
order to provide a adequate thermal protection and natural ventilation of the indoor
space;
- the staircase is insulated and heated.
The project must contain information and details about:
- the type and the composition of structural and for envelope elements (
walls, columns, floors, foundations, and roof);
- the joints of the main structural and for envelope elements;
- the heat conservation capacity of the building;
- the structural performance under the load combination that contain
dead, snow, live loads and seismic action.
The thermal and structural design and the constructive details of the elements
already mentioned.

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The project consists of the following elements:

A. Written part :
1. The project theme;
2. Project content;
3. Technical report;
4. The design of the walls and roof for hygrothermal conditions
- the general factor of heat loos G,
- estimation of water vapour condensation risk in the envelop structure;
5. The assessment of loads and design load combination;
6. The computation of the cross shear walls sectional characteristics;
7. Stress and strain analysis for the cross shear walls.
B. Drawings :
1. Current floor plan, scale 1/50,
2. Ground floor plan (building access detail), scale 1/50,
3. Cross section through the staircase, scale 1/50,
4. Roof plan, scale 1/100,
5. Constructive details, plan, scale 1/5, 1/10.

Technical Report
This project consists mainly of designing a block of flats with basement, groung
floor and 4 floors. Now we shall determine the inner space area.
A dwelling could accomplish many functions, being determined by biological and
psychological needs of people, which could be grouped in 4 categories:
-

biological needs: food, hygiene assurance, rest, sleep;

social and professional activities: study, lecture;
entertainment activities;
auxiliary needs: traffic, cleaning.

To assure the optimal surfaces for rooms, we must take into account the purpose
of every room. In the case of a villa, which is ment to assure a higher degree of confort,
bigger surfaces must be used.

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Building geometrical characteristics determination

1. Inferior slab area (A1), superior slab area (A2) are:
A1 = A2 = A3 = A4 = A5 = A6 = 328.06 m2
2. The perimeter:
P = 83.2 m
3. The free height of the ground floor (measured between the upper side of the
inferior slab and the lower side of the superior slab) is: H = 2,80 m.
4. The area of the windows and doors are:
Ag = 196.8 m2
The block of flats has a of 4x80x90 cm bathroom windows, 6x120x120 cm
windows, 10x150x120 cm windows, one door, 6 doors H = 205 cm, L = 80 cm.
5. The area of exterior walls (A = P * 5H Ag):
A = 83.2 * 2,80 * 5 196.8 = 968 m2
6. The envelope of the building (A);
Ae = 328.06 + 328.06 + 968 = 1624.12 m2
7. The heated volume of the building (V); V = A1 * 5H
V = 328.06 x 2.80 x 5 = 4592.84 m3
8. Heated height of the building;
Hw = 2.81 * 5 0.14 = 13.86 m

Unidirectional specific thermal resistance determination (R)

R - the unidirectional specific thermic resistance, in the area without thermal

bridges,where the element is composed of one or more layers of material considered
homogenious(without thermal bridges),including layers of unventilated air, all disposed
perpendicular to the direction of the air flow.
R=Ri+d/+Re [m2 *K/W]

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Ri = 0.123 (outer walls) , 0.167(inferior slab) , 0.125(superior slab)

Re=0.06(outer walls,inferior slab) , 0.04(superior slab);
;
R=unidirection specific thermal resistance(in the area without thermic
bridges;
= linear specific coefficient of thermal transport;
l = the length of the thermal bridge;
A = the area;

Unidirectional Specific Thermal Resistance R

Masonry exterior wall

Reinforced concrete
exterior wall

Nr.
Crt.
1
2
3
4

1
2
3
4

Superior slab

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Layer type

d
[m]
0.01
0.2
0.1

Interior surface
Interior plaster M5
Reinforced concrete
Thermal isolation
EPS20
Exterior plaster M10
0.005
Exterior surface
TOTAL
Interior surface
Interior plaster M5
0.01
Masonry GVP
0.25
Thermal isolation
0.1
EPS20
Exterior plaster M10
0.005
Exterior surface
TOTAL
Interior surface
Ceiling plaster M5
0.01
Reinforced concrete
0.14
Equalizing slab M10
0.03
Vapour barier
Slope slab
0.08
Equalizing slab M10
0.03
Difusion layer
Thermal isolation
0.25

[W/m*K]
0.9
1.74
0.044

R=d/
[mp*k/W]
0.125
0.011
0.114
2.272

0.93
-

0.005
0.042
2.571
0.125
0.011
0.357
2.272

0.9
0.7
0.044
0.93
0.9
1.74
0.93
0.34
0.93
0.04

0.005
0.042
2.813
0.125
0.011
0.080
0.032
0.235
0.032
6.250

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9
10
11

Inferior slab

1
2
3
4
5

Equalizing slab M10

Waterproof isolation
Gravel infilling
Exterior surface
TOTAL
Interior surface
Mosaic
Equalizing slab M10
Reinforced concrete
Mineral wool
Cardboard plaster
Exterior surface
TOTAL

0.03
-

0.93
-

0.03
0.03
0.14
0.1
0.01
-

1.74
0.93
1.74
0.04
0.4
-

0.032
0.042
6.840
0.167
0.017
0.032
0.080
2.500
0.025
0.042
2.863

Preliminary Calculus for the determination of the Rectified Thermic Resistance R

Thermal
Bridge

Reinforced
concrete
exterior
walls

Masonry
exterior
walls

L
[m]

1.R.V.
20 13.86
Outer
corner
2.R.O.
2
10.6
Footing
3.R.O.
10 27.2
Curent
4. R.V.
30 13.86
Curent
5.R.O. Eave 2
10.6
A = 316.12 m2
1.R.V.
60 13.86
Curent
2.R.O.
2
31
Footing
3.R.O.
8
3.2
Balcony
4.R.O.
16
3.4
Balcony
5.R.O.
2
31
Eave
6.Carpent
1
653
ry

n**l

2.57

0.55

1.79

[W/m]
0.05

13.86

0.225

4.77

0.08

21.76

0.02

8.31

0.145
0.02

6.14
54.85
16.632

0.225

13.95

0.15

3.84

0.15

8.16

0.145

17.98

0.25

163.25

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contour
Superior
slab

Inferior
slab
Carpentry

A = 687.72 m2
R.V. Eave
2
31
2
10.6
A = 328.06 m2
1.R.O.
2
10.6
Footing
2
31
2.R.O.Inte
2
262
rior walls
A = 328.06 m2
A = 196.8 mp

0.225
0.225
0.225
0.225
0.2

223.812
13.95
4.77
18.72
4.77
13.95
104.8

2.81

0.92

1.07

6.84

0.24

4.02

123.52

2.86
-

1.02
-

0.97
0.55

Outer Wall no. 1

Outer Wall no. 2

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Roof Floor

1 waterproof membrane protection (mortar 3 cm + gravel or concrete boards);

2 waterproof membrane;
3 diffusive layer;
4 waterproof membrane support (mortar 3 cm);
5 polystyrene insulation 15 cm ;
6 vapor barrier;
7 diffusion layer;

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8 sloping layer (b.c.a.) 8 cm;
9 reinforced concrete flor slab 12-15 cm;
10 ceiling plaster 1,5 cm.

Slab Over Basement

1 ceiling plaster 1.5 cm;

2 thermal insulation of polystyrene 10 cm;
3 reinforced concrete floor slab 12-15 cm;
4 mortar bead 3 cm;
5 ceramic floor tile 1.2 cm.

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Thermal bridges
A thermal bridge represents a area of the buildings envelope where the thermic
flow is in one direction and it is influenced by:
- the partial or total penetration of the building elements with different thermic
conductivity;
- thickness alternation of the construction element;
- alternation between the interior and exterior areas of the surfaces.
Types of thermal bridges:
a) Vertical thermal bridges:
- bridge of outer corner - R.V. outer corner (symmetric bridge)
interior
R.V. - Outer corner
Bridge length= Hheated
Intinrasds

1 = 2 = 0,05 W/m

Exterior

- brigde of inner corner R.V. inner corner (symmetric bridge)

10

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exterior

interior

R.V. Inner corner

Bridge length= Hheated
1 = 2 = 0,01 W/m
b) Horizontal thermal bridges
- current bridge R.V. current (T)
Exterior
1

interior
R.V. current (T)
Bridge length= Hheated

11

interior

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1 = 2 - 0,02 W/m
- R.O. nonsymmetric eave
2

exterior

interior

R.O. eave
Bridge length=Pslab
Pslab= the perimeter of the superior slab at the interior face of the walls
1= 0,14 W/m
2=0,24 W/m
R.O. footing
Exterior

Ti=+20o C
interior

Ts=+5o C
Hthermal isolation = min 70 cm

12

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R.O. footing
Bridge length=Pslab
Pslab= the perimeter of the inferior slab at the interior face of the walls
1= 0,225 W/m
2=0,30W/m
R.O. interior walls inferior slab
o
Ti=+20 C
Ti=+20o C

Ts=+5o C

Ts=+5o C

RO footing
Bridge length= Lwall
Lwall interior wall length
1 = 2 = 0,2 W/m

13

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R.O. interior walls superior slab

Nonheated tehnic bridge
1

interior

interior

R.O. slab
Bridge length = L
L - interior wall length
1 = 2 = 0,24 W/m
-

thermal bridge on the carpentry contour

exterior
1

interior
R.V. current (T)

14

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Bridge length = Pcarpentry

Pcarpentry = 2*(L+H)
1=0.25 W/m

The general factor of thermal insulation G

This factor of thermal insulation reflects the sum of all thermal loss trough all the
building envelope elements for a thermal difference of 1 Kelvin () plus the losses
because of ventilation and air infiltration.
GGN
[W/m3K];
The temperature correction factor
The area chosen is Fetesti city situated on thermal map in zone II with Te = -150 C.

0 42
A The area of the element with the specific main thermal resistance Rm;
A[m2];
V represents the inside volume of the building V[m3] ;
Rm - represents the average corrected thermal resistance of the building element,
[m2K/W];
n represents the ventilation rate: n = 0.5

=> GN = 0.59
(

< GN

Calculul higrotermic
Checking the risk of condensation ( C107/6; C107/3 )
1. On the face of the element;
n = 9.3 => no risk of
condensation.

15

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2. In the structure of the element.

(

)
(

si

100
e

100

16

=>
=>
=>
=>
=>
=>

55 2105 pa
100

se

85 167 pa
100

)
(

Tsi = 18.29
T1 = 18.14
T2 = 16.58
T3 = -14.37
T4 = -14.44
Ts,se = -14.96

Ps,si = 2105 pa
Ps1 = 2009 pa
Ps2 = 1937 pa
Ps3 = 181 pa
Ps4 = 170 pa
Ps,se = 167 pa

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Determining the moments of inertia for the reinforced concrete

elements

17

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Element No. 1

A1 = 2.22 m2
A2 = A3 = 0.05 m2
A4 = 0.28 m2
x1 A1

x2 A2
A1

18

x3 A3

x4 A4

0 20 0 05

0 20 0 05
26

0 8 0 28

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Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 + Ix4 = 22.79 + 2.22 * ( -0.09 )2 + 0.00026 + 0.05 * ( -0.19 )2 +
0.00026 + 0.05 * ( -0.19 )2 + 0.00093 + 0.28 * ( -0.79 )2 = 22.979 m4
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 + Iy4 = 0.0074 + 0.00016 + 0.05 * ( -5.4 )2 + 0.00016 + 0.05 * ( 5.4)2 +0.045 = 2.968 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 11 1
11

= 2.01 m2

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Ix = 22.979 m4
s

I0
s

I0

1 22 979
1 22 979
10 87
2 01 142

Element No. 2

19

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A1 = 0.15 m2
A2 = 0.68 m2
A3 = 0.04 m2
x1 A1 x2 A2
A1
y1 A1 y2 A2
A1

y3 A3

x3 A3

0 125 0 15

0 20 0 04
0 87
2 30 0 68
0 87

3 75 0 04

Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.00078 + 0.15 * ( 0.009 )2 + 1.14 + 0.68 * ( 0.009 )2 + 0.00013
+ 0.04 * ( 0.291 )2 = 1.1443 m4
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.0045 + 0.15 * ( -1.865 )2 + 0.0027 + 0.68 * ( 0.31 )2 + 0.00013
+ 0.04 * ( 1.76 )2 = 0.7182 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 4 35

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Ix = 1.443 m4

I0
s

I0

1 1 443
1 1 443
10 87
0 79 142

Element No.3

20

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A1 = 0.04 m2
A2 = 0.12 m2
y1 A1
A1

y2 A2

0 20 0 12
0 16

Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 = 0.00013 + 0.0004 = 0.00053 m4

Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 = 0.00013 + 0.04 * ( -0.15 )2 + 0.0036 + 0.12 *( 0.05 )2 = 0.0049 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 0 40

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 0.0049 m4

21

I0
s

I0

1 0 0049
1 0 0049
10 87
0 07 142

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Element No.4

A1 = 0.60 m2
A2 = 0.34 m2
y1 A1 y2 A2
A1

0 95 0 34
0 94

Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 = 0.002 + 0.0818 = 0.0838 m4

Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 = 0.45 +0.60 * ( 0.34 )2 + 0.0011 + 0.34 * ( 0.61 )2 = 0.6446 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 1 90

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 0.6446 m4

22

I0
s

I0

1 0 6446
1 0 6446
10 87
0 34 142

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Element No.5

A1 = 0.08 m2
A2 = 0.48 m2
A3 = 0.15 m2

x1 A1 x2 A2
A1

x3 A3

0 10 0 08
0 71

y1 A1 y2 A2 y3 A3 0 10 0 08 1 40 0 48 2 725 0 15
A1
0 71
Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.00026 + 0.08 * ( -0.089 )2 + 0.2304 + 0.48 * ( 0.011 )2 +
0.00078 + 0.15 * ( 0.011 )2 = 0.2320 m4

23

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Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.0010 + 0.08 * ( -1.43 )2 + 0.0016 + 0.48 * ( -0.13 )2 + 0.0036 +
0.15 * ( 1.195 )2 = 0.3920 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 2 85

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 0.3920 m4
s

I0
s

I0

1 0 3920
1 0 3920
10 87
0 51 142

Element No.6

24

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A1 = 0.15 m2
A2 = 0.76 m2
A3 = 0.12 m2
x1 A1 x2 A2
A1
y1 A1 y2 A2
A1

y3 A3

x3 A3

0 125 0 15

0 30 0 12
1 03
2 15 0 76
1 03

4 15 0 12

Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.00078 + 0.15 * ( -0.034 )2 + 0.9145 + 0.76 * ( -0.034 )2 +

0.0004 + 0.12 * ( 0.226 )2 = 0.9250 m4
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.0045 + 0.15 * ( -1.955 )2 + 0.0025 + 0.76 * ( 0.07 )2 + 0.0036 +
0.12 * ( 2.17 )2 = 1.5019 m4
Active sections to shear force

25

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b h

0 20 4 25

k = 1.1 for T and L

11

sections;

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 1.5019 m4

I0
s

I0

1 1 5019
1 1 5019
10 87
0 77 142

Element No.7

A1 = 0.04 m2
A2 = 0.12 m2
A3 = 0.04 m2
Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.00013 + 0.0004 + 0.00013 = 0.00066 m4
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.00013 + 0.04 * ( -0.20 )2 + 0.0036 + 0.00013 + 0.04 * ( 0.20 )2
= 0.00706 m4

26

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Active sections to shear force

b h

0 20 0 60

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 0.00706 m4
s

I0
s

I0

1 0 00706
1 0 00706
10 87
0 10 142

Element No.8

A1 = 0.08 m2

27

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A2 = 0.48 m2
A3 = 0.15 m2
x1 A1 x2 A2
A1

x3 A3

0 10 0 08
0 71

y1 A1 y2 A2 y3 A3 0 10 0 08 1 40 0 48 2 725 0 15
A1
0 71
Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.00026 + 0.08 * ( -0.089 )2 + 0.2304 + 0.48 * ( 0.011 )2 +
0.00078 + 0.15 * ( 0.011 )2 = 0.2320 m4
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.0010 + 0.08 * ( -1.43 )2 + 0.0016 + 0.48 * ( -0.13 )2 + 0.0036 +
0.15 * ( 1.195 )2 = 0.3920 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 2 85

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 0.3920 m4

I0
s

I0

1 0 3920
1 0 3920
10 87
0 51 142

Element No.9

28

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A1 = 0.15 m2
A2 = 0.76 m2
A3 = 0.24 m2

y1 A1 y2 A2
A1

x1 A1 x2 A2
A1
y3 A3

x3 A3

0 125 0 15

0 50 0 24
1 15
2 15 0 76
1 15

4 15 0 24

Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.00078 + 0.15 * ( -0.10 )2 + 0.9145 + 0.76 * ( 0.10 )2 + 0.0008 +
0.24 * ( -0.40 )2 = 0.9635 m4
Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.0045 + 0.15 * ( -2.175 )2 + 0.0025 + 0.76 * ( -0.15 )2 + 0.028 +
0.24 * ( 1.825 )2 = 1.7373 m4
Active sections to shear force

29

GH. ASACHI TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF IASI

CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILDING SERVICES FACULTY
CIVIL ENGINEERING
b h

0 20 4 25

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 1.7373 m4
s

I0
s

I0

1 1 7373
1 1 7373
10 87
0 77 142

Element No.10

A1 = 0.44 m2
A2 = 1.04 m2
A3 = 0.15 m2

30

GH. ASACHI TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF IASI

CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILDING SERVICES FACULTY
CIVIL ENGINEERING

y1 A1 y2 A2
A1

y3 A3

2 7 1 04

5 425 0 15
1 63

Ix = Ix1 + Ix2 + Ix3 = 0.0014 + 2.3434 + 0.00078 = 2.3455 m4

Iy = Iy1 + Iy2 + Iy3 = 0.1774 + 0.44 * ( -2.22 )2 + 0.0034 + 1.04 * ( 0.48 )2 + 0.0045 +
0.15 * ( 3.205 )2 = 4.1341 m4
Active sections to shear force
b h

0 20 5 65

k = 1.1 for T and L sections;

11

Equivalent moment of inertia

I0 = Im = Iy = 4.1341 m4
s

I0
s

I0

1 4 1341
1 4 1341
10 87
1 02 142

Weight per floor. Total weight of the structure

Snow Load

)
[

]
[

Ce -> coefficient = 1
Ct -> thermal coefficient = 1
= i = 0.8

31

GH. ASACHI TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF IASI

CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILDING SERVICES FACULTY
CIVIL ENGINEERING

max

Seismic load
Tc = 1.6 (for Buzu)
T1 = 0.36

T1 < Tc => = 0.85

0

32

Tc
T1

2 75

16
0 36