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What Are The Components of DBMS

The document discusses the components of a database management system (DBMS). It identifies the main components as the query processor, run time database manager, and data manager. The query processor transforms user queries into efficient operations. The run time database manager interfaces with users and applications, handles queries, enforces data integrity and security, and includes components like the authorization control, command processor, and query optimizer. The data manager is responsible for actual data handling, recovery, and buffer management between memory and storage.

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150 views3 pages

What Are The Components of DBMS

The document discusses the components of a database management system (DBMS). It identifies the main components as the query processor, run time database manager, and data manager. The query processor transforms user queries into efficient operations. The run time database manager interfaces with users and applications, handles queries, enforces data integrity and security, and includes components like the authorization control, command processor, and query optimizer. The data manager is responsible for actual data handling, recovery, and buffer management between memory and storage.

Uploaded by

GeethavaniTalupula
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What are the Components of DBMS?

BY DINESH THAKUR

A typical structure of a DBMS with its components and relationships between them is
show. The DBMS software is partitioned into several modules. Each module or
component is assigned a specific operation to perform. Some of the functions of the
DBMS are supported by operating systems (OS) to provide basic services and DBMS is
built on top of it. The physical data and system catalog are stored on a physical disk.
Access to the disk is controlled primarily by as, which schedules disk input/output.
Therefore, while designing a DBMS its interface with the as must be taken into account.

Components of a DBMS
The DBMS accepts the SQL commands generated from a variety of user interfaces,
produces query evaluation plans, executes these plans against the database, and returns
the answers. As shown, the major software modules or components of DBMS are as
follows:
(i) Query processor: The query processor transforms user queries into a series of low
level instructions. It is used to interpret the online user's query and convert it into an
efficient series of operations in a form capable of being sent to the run time data
manager for execution. The query processor uses the data dictionary to find the
structure of the relevant portion of the database and uses this information in modifying
the query and preparing and optimal plan to access the database.
(ii) Run time database manager: Run time database manager is the central
software component of the DBMS, which interfaces with user-submitted application
programs and queries. It handles database access at run time. It converts operations in
user's queries coming. Directly via the query processor or indirectly via an application
program from the user's logical view to a physical file system. It accepts queries and
examines the external and conceptual schemas to determine what conceptual records
are required to satisfy the users request. It enforces constraints to maintain the
consistency and integrity of the data, as well as its security. It also performs backing and
recovery operations. Run time database manager is sometimes referred to as the
database control system and has the following components:
Authorization control: The authorization control module checks the authorization
of users in terms of various privileges to users.
Command processor: The command processor processes the queries passed by
authorization control module.

Integrity checker: It .checks the integrity constraints so that only valid data can be
entered into the database.
Query optimizer: The query optimizers determine an optimal strategy for the query
execution.
Transaction manager: The transaction manager
transaction properties should be maintained by the system.

ensures

that

the

Scheduler: It provides an environment in which multiple users can work on same


piece of data at the same time in other words it supports concurrency.
(iii) Data Manager: The data manager is responsible for the actual handling of data in
the database. It provides recovery to the system which that system should be able to
recover the data after some failure. It includes Recovery manager and Buffer manager.
The buffer manager is responsible for the transfer of data between the
main memory and secondary storage (such as disk or tape). It is also referred as the
cache manger.

Execution Process of a DBMS

As show, conceptually, following logical steps are followed while executing users to
request to access the database system:
(I) Users issue a query using particular database language, for example, SQL commands.
(ii) The passes query is presented to a query optimizer, which uses information about
how the data is stored to produce an efficient execution plan for the evaluating the
query.
(iii) The DBMS accepts the users SQL commands and analyses them.
(iv) The DBMS produces query evaluation plans, that is, the external schema for the
user, the corresponding external/conceptual mapping, the conceptual schema, the
conceptual/internal mapping, and the storage structure definition. Thus, an evaluation\
plan is a blueprint for evaluating a query.
(v) The DBMS executes these plans against the physical database and returns the
answers to the user.
Using components such as transaction manager, buffer manager, and recovery manager,
the DBMS supports concurrency and recovery.

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