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This document contains details of an assignment for a materials engineering course. It includes 10 problems related to optimization, mass balances, chemical equilibrium, and solving systems of nonlinear equations. The problems cover topics like linear programming, numerical integration, reactor design, chemical kinetics, and the Newton-Raphson method. The goal of the assignment is to gain experience applying mathematical modeling and numerical techniques to solve engineering problems.

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Anup Dalal
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
153 views

Assign#7

This document contains details of an assignment for a materials engineering course. It includes 10 problems related to optimization, mass balances, chemical equilibrium, and solving systems of nonlinear equations. The problems cover topics like linear programming, numerical integration, reactor design, chemical kinetics, and the Newton-Raphson method. The goal of the assignment is to gain experience applying mathematical modeling and numerical techniques to solve engineering problems.

Uploaded by

Anup Dalal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering

Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur


MT60003: Assignment#7
Due on 13/11/14 (Thursday)
SN
1
Maximize
z 4 x1 6 x 2

subjected
to :
x1 x 2 11

Problem

Ans
15
12
32

x1 x 2 27
2 x1 5 x 2 90
2

Maximize
z 2 x1 7 x 2 6 x3 4 x 4

subjected
to :
x1 x 2 0.83x3 0.5 x 4 65
1.2 x1 x 2 x3 1.2 x 4 96

0
5.15
53.2
31.36
480.79

0.5 x1 0.7 x 2 1.2 x3 0.4 x 4 80


x1 , x 2 , x3 , x 4 0
3

A manufacturer makes wooden desks (X ) and tables (Y). Each desk requires 2.5 4
hours to assemble, 3 hours for buffing, and 1 hour to crate. Each table requires 1 6
hour to assemble, 3 hours to buff, and 2 hours to crate. The firm can do only up to 36
20 hours of assembling, 30 hours of buffing, and 16 hours of crating per week.
Profit is $3 per desk and $4 per table. Maximize the profit.

Minimize:
w 8 x1 4 x 2 6 x3

subjected
to :
3 x1 2 x 2 x3 6
4 x1 x 2 3 x3 7
2 x1 x 2 4 x3 8
x1 , x 2 , x3 0

1.6
0
1.2
20

Based on the following tables, develop an minimization problem and solve


Table-I: Clean air standard
Pollutants
Particulates
Sulphur di-oxide
Hydro-carbons

Required reduction in Annual Emmission rate (Million


pounds)
60
150
125

Table2: Reduction in Emmision rate (in million


maximum feasible use of abatement method
Taller Smoketakers
Filters
Pollutant
Blast
Open
BF
Furnace Hearth
(BF)
Furnace
(OHF)
Particulates
12
9
25
Sulphur di-oxide
35
42
18
Hydrocarbons
37
53
28

1
0.62
0.34
1
0.04
1
32.15

pounds per year) from the

OHF

Better fuels
BF
OHF

20
31
24

17
56
29

13
49
20

Table-3: Total annual cost from the maximum feasible use of an abatement
method
Abatement method
Blast Furnace (BF)
Open Hearth Furnace
(OHF)
Taller Smoketaker
8
10
Filter
7
6
Better Fuel
11
9

Evaluate the following integral using i) multistep trapezoidal rule, ii) multistep
1/3rd Simpsons rule and two point Gauss Quadrature formula with four segments
in all cases. Compare the results against the true value = 0.602297.

I x 0.1 1.2 x 1 e 20 x 1) dx
0

The outflow chemical concentration from a completely mixed reactor is measured


as
t, mins

12

16

20

C,
10 20 30 40
60 72 70
50
3
mg/m
Estimate the mass of the chemical (M) that exits the reactor from t=0 to 20 mins.

12.456
gram

20

M Q cdt ; Q=12m3/min. Note time segments are non uniform. Apply i)


0

multistep trapezoidal ii) apply simpson 1/3 and simpson 3/8th rule in combination.
8

Following table shows a variation of exit concentration with time.


Time(min), t
0
3
9
12
Concentration, C
1000
368
50
18
4
(kg/litre)10

21
0.1

2.38
mins

The dimensionless mean time of residence of the tracer in the reactor is


defined as:

mean Ctdt / Cdt

Using numerical integration and based on the data given in the table above,
evaluate the mean

A reversible chemical reaction


2A B C
can be characterized by the following equilibrium relationship.
C
k 2c
Ca Cb
where the nomenclature Ci represents the concentration of constituent i. Say,
x represents the number of moles of C that are produced at equilibrium.
Conservation of mass can be used to reformulate the equilibrium relationship as:
Cc,0 x
k
2
Ca,0 2 x Cb,0 x
Where, the subscript 0 designates the initial concentration of each constituents.
If K=0.015, Ca,0 = 42, Cb,0 = 30, and Cc,0 = 4, compute x.
Instruction: Solve using NR method with initial guess i) 0, and ii) 10. Use hand
calculation. Comment on results.

10

Following mass balance in a metallurgical reactor, the following equations are


obtained:

u ( x, y ) x 2 xy 10 0
v( x, y ) y 3xy 2 57 0
Solve the above non linear equations using Newton Raphson Technique starting
at x = 1.5 and y = 3.5. Carryout only three iterations.

Ans:
16.09

11

The following chemical reactions take place in a closed system:


2A B C

A D C
At equilibrium they can be characterized by equilibrium constants, K1 and K2,
respectively. :
CC
K1
2
C A CB
CC
C AC D
If x1 and x2 are the number of moles of C that are produced by the first and the
second reactions, respectively, write down the equilibrium relationships in terms
of initial concentrations.
Use NR technique to solve the pair of non-linear equations, developed through the
above problem.
Given
k1 4 104 , k2 0.037,
K2

C A,0 50, CB ,0 20, CC ,0 5, CD,0 10


Instruction: Solve by NR method. Initial guess: x1=0, x2=0. Hand calculation.

Ans:
3.33,
2.67

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