Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

Chapter 12
Statement of Cash Flows

ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS
1.

The income statement reports revenues earned and expenses incurred during a
period of time. It is prepared on an accrual basis. The balance sheet reports the
assets, liabilities, and equity of a business at a point in time. The statement of cash
flows reports cash receipts and cash payments of a business, from three broad
categories of business activities: operating, investing, and financing.

2.

The statement of cash flows reports cash receipts and cash payments from three
broad categories of business activities: operating, investing, and financing. While
the income statement reports operating activities, it reports them on the accrual
basis: revenues when earned, and expenses when incurred, regardless of the
timing of the cash received or paid. The statement of cash flows reports the cash
flows arising from operating activities. The balance sheet reports assets, liabilities,
and equity at a point in time. The statement of cash flows and related schedules
indirectly report changes in the balance sheet by reporting operating, investing, and
financing activities during a period of time, which caused changes in the balance
sheet from one period to the next. In this way, the statement of cash flows reports
information to link together the financial statements from one period to the next, by
explaining the changes in cash and other balance sheet accounts, while
summarizing the information into operating, investing, and financing activities.

3.

Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are purchased
within three months of the maturity date. The statement of cash flows does not
separately report the details of purchases and sales of cash equivalents because
these transactions affect only the composition of total cash and cash equivalents.
The statement of cash flows reports the change in total cash and cash equivalents
from one period to the next.

4.

The major categories of business activities reported on the statement of cash flows
are operating, investing, and financing activities. Operating activities of a business
arise from the production and sale of goods and/or services. Investing activities
arise from acquiring and disposing of property, plant, and equipment and
investments. Financing activities arise from transactions with investors and
creditors.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

5.

Cash inflows from operating activities include cash sales, collections on accounts,
and notes receivable arising from sales, dividends on investments, and interest on
loans to others and investments. Cash outflows from operating activities include
payments to suppliers and employees, and payments for operating expenses,
taxes, and interest.

6.

Depreciation expense is added to net income to adjust for the effects of a noncash
expense that was deducted in determining net income. It does not involve an inflow
of cash.

7.

Cash expenditures for purchases and salaries are not reported on the statement of
cash flows, indirect method, because that method does not report cash inflows and
outflows for each operating activity. Rather, it reports only net income, changes in
accounts payable and wages payable, and net cash flow from operating activities.

8.

The $50,000 increase in inventory must be used in the statement of cash flows
calculations because it increases the outflow of cash all other things equal. It is
used as follows:
Direct methodadded to cost of goods sold, accrual basis (the other adjustment
would involve accounts payable) to compute cost of goods sold, cash basis.
Indirect methodsubtracted from net income as a reconciling item to obtain cash
flows from operating activities.

9.

The two methods of reporting cash flows from operating activities are the direct
method and the indirect method. The direct method reports the gross amounts of
cash receipts and cash payments arising from the revenues and expenses reported
on the income statement. The indirect method reports the net amount of cash
provided or used by operating activities, by reporting the adjustments to net income
for the net effects of noncash revenues and expenses, and changes in accruals
and deferrals. The two approaches differ in the way they report cash flows from
operating activities, but net cash provided by operating activities is the same
amount.

10. Cash inflows from investing activities include cash received from sale of operational
assets, sale of investments, maturity value of bond investments, and principal
collections on notes receivable. Cash outflows from investing activities include cash
payments to purchase property, plant, and equipment and investments, and to
make loans.
11. Cash inflows from financing activities include cash received from issuing stock, the
sale of treasury stock, and borrowings. Cash outflows from financing activities
include cash payments for dividends, the purchase of treasury stock, and principal
payments on borrowing.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

12. Noncash investing and financing activities are activities that would normally be
classified as investing or financing activities, except no cash was received or paid.
Examples of noncash investing and financing include the purchase of assets by
issuing stock or bonds, the repayment of loans using noncash assets, and the
conversion of bonds into stock. Noncash investing and financing activities are not
reported in the statement of cash flows, because there was no cash received or
cash paid; however, the activities are disclosed in a separate schedule.
13. When equipment is sold, it is considered an investing activity, and any cash
received is reported as a cash inflow from investing activities. When using the
indirect method, the gain on sale of equipment must be reported as a deduction
from net income, because the gain was included in net income, but did not provide
any cash from operating activities. When using the indirect method, the loss on sale
of equipment is added to net income because the loss was included in net income
but did not require an operating cash outflow.

ANSWERS TO MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. d)
6. b)

Financial Accounting, 8/e

2. d)
7. d)

3. a)
8. b)

4. c)
9. d)

5. a)
10. c)

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

Authors' Recommended Solution Time

(Time in minutes)

Mini-exercises
No.
Time
1
5
2
5
3
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
7
5

Exercises
No.
Time
1
10
2
10
3
15
4
15
5
15
6
15
7
20
8
20
9
20
10
10
11
15
12
10
13
20
14
25
15
20
16
25
17
25
18
15
19
15
20
20
21
35
22
35

Problems
No.
Time
1
35
2
35
3
35
4
40
5
40
6
45

Alternate
Problems
No.
Time
1
35
2
35
3
35

Cases and
Projects
No.
Time
1
20
2
15
3
25
4
45
5
35
6
35
7
*

Continuing Case
1
40

* Due to the nature of these cases and projects, it is very difficult to estimate the amount
of time students will need to complete the assignment. As with any open-ended project,
it is possible for students to devote a large amount of time to these assignments. While
students often benefit from the extra effort, we find that some become frustrated by the
perceived difficulty of the task. You can reduce student frustration and anxiety by
making your expectations clear. For example, when our goal is to sharpen research
skills, we devote class time discussing research strategies. When we want the students
to focus on a real accounting issue, we offer suggestions about possible companies or
industries.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

MINIEXERCISES
M121.
F
F
I
O
O
O

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Purchase of stock. (This involves repurchase of its own stock.)

Principal payment on long-term debt.
Proceeds from sale of properties.
Inventories (decrease).
Accounts payable (decrease).
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Accrued expenses (increase).

Inventories (increase).
Accounts receivable (decrease).
Accounts payable (decrease).
Depreciation, depletion, and amortization.

O
F
F
I
F
O

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Receipts from customers.

Dividends paid.
Payment for share buy-back.
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment.
Repayments of borrowings (bank debt).
Net interest paid.

M122.

M123.

M124.
Quality of income ratio = Cash flow from operations = $86,500 = 0.85 (85%)
Net income
$102,000
The quality of income ratio measures the portion of income that was generated in
cash. A low ratio indicates a likely need for external financing.
M125.
Investing Activities
Sale of used equipment
Purchase of short-term investments
Cash used in investing activities

$ 400
(635)
$ (235)

Financing Activities
Additional short-term borrowing from bank
Dividends paid
Cash provided by financing activities

$1,200
(700)
$ 500

M126.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

M127.
Yes
No
No
Yes

12-6

Purchase of building with mortgage payable

Additional short-term borrowing from bank
Dividends paid in cash
Purchase of equipment with short-term investments

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

EXERCISES
E122.
I
O
I
O
F
F
O
O
I
NA

1. Sales of short- and long-term available-for-sale securities.

2. Interest paid
3. Additions to property, plant, and equipment.
4. Income taxes paid.
5. Issuance of EMCs common stock
6. Payment of long-term and short-term obligations
7. Dividends and interest received.
8. Cash received from customers.
9. Purchases of short- and long-term available-for-sale securities
10. Net income

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E123.
1.

NE

Salaries expense
Accrued salaries payable

2.

NCFI

Plant and equipment

Cash

3.

+ NCFO

Cash
Accounts receivable

12-8

4.

NCFO

Interest expense
Cash

5.

NCFF

Retained earnings
Cash

6.

+ NCFI

Cash
Accumulated depreciation
Plant and equipment

7.

NCFO

Prepaid expenses (rent)

Cash

8.

NCFF

Short-term debt
Cash

9.

NE

10.

NCFO

Inventory
Accounts payable
Accounts payable
Cash

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E124.
1.

NE

Inventory
Accounts payable

2.

NCFO

Prepaid expenses (rent)

Cash

3.

NE

Plant and equipment

Note payable

4.

NE

Expense
Prepaid expense

NCFO

Income tax expense

Cash

5.

6.

NCFI

Investment securities
Cash

7.

+ NCFF

Cash
Common stock
Additional paid-in capital

8.

+ NCFO

Cash
Accounts receivable

9.

+ NCFI

Cash
Plant and equipment (net)

10.

+ NCFF

Cash
Long-term debt

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E125.
Comparison of Statement of Cash Flows--direct and indirect reporting

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

Cash Flows
(and related changes)
Accounts payable increase or decrease
Payments to employees
Cash collections from customers
Accounts receivable increase or decrease
Payments to suppliers
Inventory increase or decrease
Wages payable, increase or decrease
Depreciation expense
Net income
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase or decrease in cash during the period

Statement of Cash Flows

Method
Direct
Indirect
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

The direct method reports cash flows from operating activities individually for each
major revenue and expense. In contrast, the indirect method reports a reconciliation of
net income to cash flow from operating activities. The two methods report the investing
and financing activities in exactly the same way.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E126.
Cash flows from operating activitiesindirect method
Net income ...............................................................................................
Depreciation expense ..............................................................................
Accounts receivable decrease ($10,500 $11,000) ...............................
Inventory increase ($13,000 $8,000) ...................................................
Salaries payable increase ($2,250 $800) .............................................
Net cash provided by operating activities ...........................................

$23,125
6,000
500
(5,000)
1,450
$26,075

E127.
Req. 1
Cash flows from operating activitiesindirect method
Net loss ....................................................................................................
Depreciation expense ..............................................................................
Amortization of copyrights........................................................................
Accounts receivable decrease ($8,000 $13,000) .................................
Salaries payable increase ($12,000 $1,000) ........................................
Other accrued liabilities decrease ($1,000 $2,800)...............................
Net cash provided by operating activities ...........................................

($6,400)
4,500
200
5,000
11,000
(1,800)
$12,500

Req. 2
The first reason for the net loss was the depreciation expense. This is a non-cash
expense. Depreciation expense, along with decreased working capital requirements
(current assets - current liabilities), turned the net loss into positive operating cash flow
from operations. The reasons for the difference between net income and cash flow are
important because they help the financial analyst determine if the trends are sustainable
or whether they represent one-time events.
E128.
Cash flows from operating activitiesindirect method
Net income ...............................................................................................
Depreciation expense ..............................................................................
Loss on sale of equipment ......................................................................
Accounts receivable decrease ................................................................
Salaries payable increase ........................................................................
Other accrued liabilities decrease ............................................................
Net cash provided by operating activities ...........................................

Financial Accounting, 8/e

$ 14,000
8,500
2,500
10,000
11,000
(2,000)
$44,000

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E129.
Req. 1
Cash flows from operating activitiesindirect method
Net loss ...................................................................................................
Depreciation, amortization, and impairments ..........................................
Decrease in receivables..........................................................................
Increase in inventories ............................................................................
Decrease in accounts payable ................................................................
Cash flows from operating activities ..................................................

($13,402)
34,790
1,245
(5,766)
(445)
$16,422

Note: The additions to equipment do not affect cash flows from operating activities.
Req. 2
The primary reason for the net loss was the depreciation, amortization, and impairments
expense. These represent non-cash expenses. Large depreciation, amortization, and
impairments expense, offset partially by increased working capital requirements, turned
Time Warners net loss into positive operating cash flow. The reasons for the difference
between net income and cash flow from operations are important because they help the
financial analyst determine if the trends are sustainable or whether they represent onetime events.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1210.
Account
Receivables
Inventories
Other current assets
Payables

Change
Increase
Increase
Decrease
Increase

E1211.
Account
Accounts receivable
Inventories
Other current assets
Accounts payable
Deferred revenue
Other current liabilities

Change
Decrease
Decrease
Increase
Increase
Increase
Increase

E1212.
Req. 1
Cash flows from investing activities

Year 1

Year 2

Proceeds from sale of equipment ........

$17,864

$12,163

The amount reported in the cash flow from investing activities section of the statement
of cash flows is the total cash proceeds from the sale of the equipment, regardless of
the amount of any gain or loss.
Req. 2
Any gain on the sale of the equipment is subtracted from net income to avoid double
counting of the gain. Any loss on the sale of the equipment is added to avoid double
counting of the loss.
Cash flows from operating activities

Year 1

Year 2

Loss (Gain) on sale of equipment ........

$16,751

$(2,436)

Computations:
Plant and equipment (at cost)
Accumulated depreciation
Net book value
Cash Proceeds Net book value =
Gain (Loss) on sale

Financial Accounting, 8/e

Year 1
$75,000
40,385
34,615
(16,751)

Year 2
$13,500
3,773
9,727
2,436

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1213.
Req. 1
Beg. Bal.
End. Bal.

Equipment
82,500
10,500*
72,000

Sold

Sold

Accumulated Depreciation
43,000 Beg. Bal.
3,500*
1,500 Dep. Exp.
41,000 End. Bal.

*plug figures
Cost of equipment sold = $10,500
Accumulated depreciation on sold equipment = $3,500
Book value of sold equipment ...............
Less: Loss on sale (given) ....................
Cash received from sale ......................

$7,000
(2,300)
$4,700

Req. 2
Any gain on the sale of the equipment is subtracted from net income to avoid double
counting of the gain. Any loss on the sale of the equipment is added to avoid double
counting of the loss. The loss of $2,300 would be added.
Req. 3
The amount of cash received is added in the computation of Net Cash Flow from
Investing Activities, regardless of whether the sale results in a gain or loss. The cash
inflow of $4,700 would be added.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1214.
Req. 1
Cash flows from operating activitiesindirect method
Net income...............................................................................................
Depreciation and amortization .................................................................
Increase in accounts receivable ...............................................................
Increase in inventory ................................................................................
Increase in prepaid expense ....................................................................
Increase in accounts payable ..................................................................
Decrease in taxes payable.......................................................................
Increase in other current liabilities ...........................................................
Cash flows from operating activities ..................................................

$6,462
2,737
(666)
(331)
(27)
520
(340)
589
$8,944

Note: The cash dividends paid and treasury stock purchased are not related to
operating activities and do not affect cash flows from operating activities.
Req. 2
Quality of income ratio = Cash flow from operations =
Net income

$8,944
$6,462

= 1.38

Req. 3
The reason the quality of income ratio was greater than one was primarily because of
large non-cash depreciation charges.

E1215.
The investing and financing sections of the statement of cash flows for Oerings
Furniture:
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant & equipment ...........................
Sale of marketable securities ...............................................
Proceeds from sale of property, plant & equipment .........
Net cash flows from investing activities ........................

$(1,071)
219
6,894

Cash flows from financing activities:

Borrowings under line of credit ............................................
Proceeds from issuance of stock .........................................
Payments on long-term debt ................................................
Payment of dividends ............................................................
Purchase of treasury stock ...................................................
Net cash flows from financing activities ........................

1,117
11
(46)
(277)
(2,583)

Financial Accounting, 8/e

$6,042

(1,778)

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1216.
SHALLOW WATERS COMPANY
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income......................................................................
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
Increase in accounts receivable .....................................
Decrease in prepaid expenses .....................................
Decrease in wages payable ...........................................
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities ..
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash paid for equipment
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities ..
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash proceeds from issuing stock ..................................
Net cash provided by financing activities ....................
Net increase (decrease) in cash during the year ...................
Cash balance, January 1, 2015.............................................
Cash balance, December 31, 2015 .......................................

12-16

$ 700

(500)
150
(450)
(100)
(700)
(700)
200
200
(600)
4,500
$3,900

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1217.
Req. 1
The investing and financing sections of the statement of cash flows for Gibraltar
Industries:
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions (investments in other companies)
(109,248)
Proceeds from sale of other equity investments
69,368
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
(11,552)
Net proceeds from sale of property and equipment
1,226
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(50,206)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Long-term debt reduction
Proceeds from long-term debt
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

(76,658)
73,849
34
(2,775)

Req. 2
Capital acquisitions ratio = Cash flow from operations =
Cash paid for plant &
equipment

$46,695
$11,552

= 4.04

The capital acquisitions ratio measures the company's ability to finance plant and
equipment purchases from operations. Since this amount was more than 1 (4.04), the
company has generated more than enough to finance plant and equipment purchases
from operations.
Req. 3
Gibraltars management is using the cash proceeds from the sale of other equity
investments, along with the excess cash generated by operations (see Req. 2) mainly to
acquire (make investments in) other companies. It appears that the new long-term debt
issuances are being used to pay off existing long-term debt.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1218.
Req. 1
Both of these transactions are considered noncash investing and financing activities,
and are not reported on the statement of cash flows. The transactions must be
disclosed in a separate schedule or in the footnotes. The information disclosed in the
separate schedule would state:
a. Equipment valued at $36,000 was acquired by giving a $15,000, 12%, two-year
note, and common stock with a market value of $21,000.
b. A machine valued at $12,700 was acquired by exchanging land with a book value
of $12,700.
Req. 2
The capital acquisitions ratio measures the company's ability to finance plant and
equipment purchases from operations. Since neither of these transactions enters the
numerator or denominator of the ratio, they would have no effect. Many analysts
believe that these transactions represent important capital acquisitions, and thus should
be included in the denominator of the ratio to indicate what portion of all (not just cash)
acquisitions are being financed from operations.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1219.
Cash flows from operating activitiesdirect method
Cash collected from customers1
Cash payments to suppliers of inventory2
Cash payments to employees 3
Net cash provided by operating activities ...........................................

$93,500
(56,875)
(10,550)
$26,075

1. Cash collected from customers = Sales revenue + Decrease in Accounts receivable

$93,000 + $500 = $93,500
2. Cash payments to suppliers of inventory = Cost of goods sold + Increase in Inventory
$51,875 + $5,000 = $56,875
3. Cash payments to employees = Salaries expense Increase in Salaries payable
$12,000 $1,450= $10,550

E1220.
Req. 1
Cash flows from operating activitiesdirect method
Cash collected from customers1
Cash payments to employees2
Cash paid for other expenses3
Net cash provided by operating activities ...........................................

$59,000
(35,000)
(11,500)
$12,500

1. Cash collected from customers = Sales revenue + Decrease in Accounts receivable

$54,000 + $5,000 = $59,000
2. Cash payments to employees = Salaries expense Increase in Salaries payable
$46,000 $11,000 = $35,000
3. Cash paid for other expenses = Other expenses + Decrease in Other accrued liabilities
$9,700 + $1,800 = $11,500
Req. 2
The first reason for the net loss was the depreciation expense. This is a non-cash
expense. Depreciation expense, along with decreased working capital requirements
(current assets - current liabilities), turned the net loss into positive operating cash flow.
The reasons for the difference between net income and cash flow are important
because they help the financial analyst determine if the trends are sustainable or
whether they represent one-time events.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1221.
Req. 1
Cash flows from operating activitiesdirect method
Cash collected from customers1
Cash payments to employees
Cash payments to suppliers2
Cash payments for other expenses3
Cash payments for income tax4
Net cash provided by operating activities

$151,600
(55,400)
(53,520)
(11,702)
(220)
$30,758

1. Cash collected from customers = Revenues + Decrease in Accounts receivable

$150,800 + $800 = $151,600
2. Cash payments to suppliers: Cost of sales Decrease in Inventories
Increase in Accounts payable
$55,500 $230 $1,750 = $53,520
3. Cash payments for other expenses = Other expense + Increase in Prepaid expenses
+ Decrease in Accrued liabilities
$9,600 + $1,500 + $602 = $11,702
4. Cash payments for income tax = Income tax expense Increase in income taxes
payable
$1,500 $1,280 = $220
Req. 2
The primary reason for the net loss was the depreciation and amortization expense.
These represent non-cash expenses. Large depreciation and amortization expense,
along with decreased working capital requirements, turned Trumansburgs net loss into
positive operating cash flow. The reasons for the difference between net income and
cash flow from operations are important because they help the financial analyst to
determine if the trends are sustainable or whether they represent one-time events.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1222
Req. 1
Panel A: Changes in Cash Account
Cash (A)
Operating

(1) Net Income

(2) Depreciation Expense
(6) Income Taxes Payable
Net cash flow provided by operating activities
Investing
(7) Sale of Equipment
Financing
(9) Proceeds from stock issuance

Panel B: Changes in Non-cash Accounts

Accounts Receivable (A)
Beg. bal.
22,000
No change
End. bal.
22,000
Accounts Payable (L)
Beg. bal.
(4) Decrease 3,000
End. bal.
Income Taxes Payable (L)
Beg. bal.
(6) Increase
End. bal.

17,000
14,000

3,000
1,500
4,500

20,200
3,000
1,500
13,700

7,000 (3) Inventory

3,000 (4) Accounts Payable
1,000 (5) Wages Payable

6,000

15,000 (8) Purchased Investment

9,000 Net cash used in investing activities

6,000

12,000 (10) Payment of dividends

6,000 Net cash used by financing activities
1,300 Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

Merchandise Inventory (A)

Beg. bal.
68,000
(3) Increase 7,000
End. bal.
75,000
Wages Payable (L)
Beg. bal.
(5) Decrease 1,000
End. bal.

Beg. bal.
Purchases
End. bal.

2,500
1,500

Equipment (A)
114,500
0
(7) Disposals 21,000
93,500

Accumulated Depreciation (XA)

Beg. bal.
32,000
(7) Disposals 15,000(2) Depreciation 3,000
End. bal.
20,000

Investments (A)
Beg. bal.
0
(8) Purchases 15,000 Disposals
End. bal.
15,000

Contributed Capital (SE)

Beg. bal.
100,000
Stock repurchased 0 (9)Stock issued 6,000
End. bal.
106,000

Retained Earnings (SE)

Beg. bal.
16,500
(10) Dividends 12,000(1) Net income 20,200
End. bal.
24,700

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

E1222 (continued)
Req. 2
GOLF UNIVERSE STORE
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Depreciation expense
Changes in current assets and current liabilities
Inventory
Accounts Payable
Wages Payable
Income Taxes Payable
Cash flows provided by operating activities

$ 20,200
3,000
(7,000)
(3,000)
(1,000)
1,500
13,700

Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchase of investment
Proceeds from sale of equipment
Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities

(15,000)
6,000
(9,000)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Sale of capital stock
Dividends paid
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

6,000
(12,000)
(6,000)

Net increase (decrease) in cash

Cash, beginning of year
Cash, end of year

12-22

(1,300)
20,500
$ 19,200

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

ALTERNATE PROBLEMS
AP121.
Req. 1
Related
Cash
Flow
Section
in Cash
O
O
I
O

O
O
F
F
O,F

Balance sheet at December 31

Cash
Accounts receivable
Merchandise inventory
Property and equipment
Less: Accumulated
depreciation
Accounts payable
Wages payable
Note payable, long-term
Contributed capital

2015
$34,000
45,000
32,000
121,000

2014
$29,000
28,000
38,000
100,000

(30,000)

(25,000)

$202,000 $170,000
$36,000 $27,000
2,200
1,400
40,000
46,000
86,600
70,600

Retained earnings

37,200

25,000

Change
+5,000
+17,000
6,000
+21,000

10
3
4
7

Net increase in cash

Subtract from net income the increase in A/R
Add to net income the decrease in Inventory
Payment in cash for equipment

5,000

Add back to NI because depreciation expense does not

affect cash

+9,000
+800
6,000
+16,000

+12,200

Add to net income the increase in Accounts payable

Add to net income the increase in Wages payable
Cash used for repayment of note principal
Issuance of stock for cash
Increased for net income of $27,200 and decreased
for dividends declared and paid of $15,000

6
8
9

$202,000 $170,000
Income statement for 2015
Sales
$135,000
Cost of goods sold
70,000
Other expenses
37,800
Net Income
$ 27,200

Financial Accounting, 8e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

AP121. (continued)
Ingersol Construction Supply Company
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation expense

$ 5,000

Increase in accounts receivable

Decrease in merchandise inventory
Increase in accounts payable
Increase in wages payable

(17,000)
6,000
9,000
800

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash payments to purchase fixed assets
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash payments for dividends
Cash payments on long-term note
Cash receipts from issuing stock
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net increase in cash during the year
Cash balance, January 1, 2015
Cash balance, December 31, 2015

$27,200

2
3
4
5
6

3,800
31,000
(21,000) 7

(15,000)
(6,000)

16,000

(5,000)
5,00010
29,000
$34,000

Req. 2
There was an increase in cash for Ingersol Construction Supply Company this year of
$5,000. Operating activities provided a positive cash flow of $31,000. This inflow of
cash from operating activities, combined with the stock issuance for $16,000 cash,
allowed the company to invest $21,000 in fixed assets, pay down a long-term note by
$6,000, and pay dividends of $15,000.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

AP122.
Req.1
Related Cash
Flow Section
in Cash
O
O
I
O

Balance sheet at December 31

Cash
Accounts receivable
Inventory
Property and equipment
Less: Accumulated
depreciation

Accounts payable

Taxes payable

F
F

Note payable, long-term

Contributed capital

O,F

Retained earnings

2016
$64,000
15,000
22,000
210,000

2015
$65,000
20,000
20,000
150,000

Change
-1,000
-5,000
+2,000
+60,000

(60,000)

(45,000)

-15,000

$251,000

$210,000

$8,000

$19,000

-11,000

2,000

1,000

+1,000

86,000
75,000

75,000
70,000

+11,000
+5,000

80,000
$251,000

45,000
$210,000

+35,000

10
3
4
7

Net decrease in cash

Add to net income the decrease in A/R
Subtract from net income the increase in Inventory
Payment in cash for equipment
Add to NI because depreciation expense does not
affect cash
Subtract from net income the decrease in Accounts
payable
Add to net income the increase in Taxes payable
Borrow additional note principal
Issuance of stock for cash
Increased for net income ($40,000) / decreased for
dividends ($5,000)

Income statement for 2016

Sales
$190,000
Cost of goods sold
90,000
Other expenses
60,000
Net Income

Financial Accounting, 8e

$40,000

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

AP122. (continued)
Audio House Inc.
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation expense

$15,000

Decrease in accounts receivable

Increase in inventory
Decrease in accounts payable
Increase in taxes payable

5,000
(2,000)
(11,000)
1,000

Net cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash payments to purchase fixed assets
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash receipts from borrowing on long-term
note
Cash receipts from issuing stock
Cash dividends paid
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net decrease in cash during the year
Cash balance, January 1, 2016
Cash balance, December 31, 2016

$40,000

4
5
6

8,000
48,000
(60,000)

11,000

5,000

( 5,000)

11,000
( 1,000)
65,000
$64,000

10

Req. 2
There was an overall decrease in cash of $1,000. This resulted from an inflow of
$48,000 from operating activities, borrowing on a long-term note of $11,000, and a
stock issuance of $5,000. A large percentage of the cash inflow was invested in
equipment ($60,000) and $5,000 was paid as dividends.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

AP123.
Req. 1
Related
Cash
Flow
Section
in Cash

Balance sheet at December 31

Cash

Accounts receivable

O
I

Merchandise inventory
Property and equipment
Less: Accumulated
depreciation

Accounts payable

Wages payable

F
F
O,F

2015
$34,000

2014
Change
$29,000
+5,000

10

Net increase in cash

Subtract from sales to compute collections from
customers
Subtract from CGS to compute payments to suppliers
Payment in cash for equipment

45,000

28,000

+17,000

32,000
121,000

38,000
100,000

-6,000
+21,000

(30,000)

(25,000)

-5,000

Depreciation expense does not affect cash

$202,000 $170,000
$36,000 $27,000

+9,000

Subtract from CGS to compute payments to suppliers

Subtract from Wage expense to compute payments for
wages
Cash used for repayment of note principal
Issuance of stock for cash
Increased for net income of $27,200 and decreased
for dividends declared and paid of $15,000

2,200

1,400

+800

Note payable, long-term

Contributed capital

38,000
88,600

44,000
72,600

-6,000
+16,000

Retained earnings

37,200

25,000

+12,200

$202,000 $170,000
Income statement for 2015
Sales
$135,000
Cost of goods sold
70,000
Other expenses
37,800
Net Income
$27,200

Financial Accounting, 8e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

AP123. (continued)
Ingersol Construction Supply Company
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended December 31, 2015
Cash flows from operating activities:
Collections from customers ($135,000
$17,000)
Payments to suppliers ($70,000 $6,000
$9,000)
Payments for wages ($20,000 $800)
Payments for other expenses
Payments for taxes
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash payments to purchase fixed assets
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash payments for dividends
Cash payments on long-term note
Cash receipts from issuing stock
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net increase in cash during the year
Cash balance, January 1, 2015
Cash balance, December 31, 2015

$118,000

(55,000)

4,5

(19,200)

(6,800)
(6,000)
31,000
(21,000) 7
(15,000)
(6,000)
16,000

1
8
9

(5,000)
5,00010
29,000
$34,000

Req. 2
There was an increase in cash for Ingersol Construction Supply Company this year of
$5,000. Operating activities provided a positive cash flow of $31,000. This inflow of
cash from operating activities, combined with the stock issuance for $16,000 cash,
allowed the company to invest $21,000 in fixed assets, pay down a long-term note by
$6,000, and pay dividends of $15,000.

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

CASES AND PROJECTS

ANNUAL REPORT CASES
CP121.
Req. 1:
Depreciation and amortization was the largest item. The $143,156 expense was
added to net income in the reconciliation because it is a noncurrent deferred
expense which does not cause a cash outflow when it is recorded.
The increase in merchandise inventory was the largest change in operating assets
or liabilities. The increase of $77,311 was subtracted from net income in the
reconciliation because cash payments for inventory were more than the amount
recorded for the cost of goods sold (included as Cost of sales on the income
statement).
Req. 2:
American Eagle Outfitters three largest investing and financing uses of cash over
the past three years have been investment purchases (available-for-sale securities),
capital expenditures for property-plant-and equipment, and a cash dividend. The two
major sources of cash for these activities has been cash flow provided by operating
activities and sales of investments.
Req. 3: Free Cash Flow was $53,529 thousand, calculated as (in thousands):
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
less Dividends
less Capital Expenditures (purchase of PPE)
Free Cash Flow

$239,256
(85,592)
(100,135)
$53,529

This implies that the company has financial flexibility to consider additional capital
expenditures or other means of expansion without increasing its debt.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

CP122.
Req. 1 The company uses the indirect method.
Req. 2 Tax payments of $120,847 thousand were made (located near the bottom of
the Statement of Cash Flows).
Req. 3 Share-based compensation is an expense paid with common stock rather
than cash. Since it does not use cash, it is added back to net income to
determine cash flows from operations. Depreciation and amortization are also
expenses that do not involve a cash outflow as they are incurred. Thus, both
of these expenses are added back to net income to determine the cash flow
from operations.
Req. 4 The company has not paid cash dividends during the last three years, or in any
year since its initial public offering. (Any dividends paid would be a financing
cash outflow.) This information can be found under the Dividend Policy
heading in the section of the annual report entitled Item 5. Market for
Registrants Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities.
Req. 5 Free Cash Flow was $92,692 thousand, calculated as (in thousands):
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
less Dividends
less Capital Expenditures
Free Cash Flow

12-30

$282,702
0
(190,010)
$92,692

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

CP123.
Req. 1

American Eagle
Outfitters

Urban Outfitters

Quality of
= Cash flow from operations
income ratio
Net income

$239,256 = 1.58
$151,705

$282,702 = 1.53
$185,251

American Eagle Outfitters has a higher, and therefore better, quality of income ratio
than does Urban Outfitters.
Req. 2
Quality of Income =

Industry
Average
1.81

American Eagle
Outfitters
1.58

Urban Outfitters
1.53

Both Urban Outfitters and American Eagle have a solid but lower than average quality
of income ratio.
Req. 3

American Eagle
Outfitters

Urban Outfitters

Capital
= Cash flow from operations
acquisitions
Cash paid for plant &
ratio
equipment

$239,256 = 2.39
$100,135

$282,702 = 1.49
$190,010

Urban Outfitters has a lower capital acquisitions ratio than does American Eagle
Outfitters. This implies that American Eagle has a greater ability to fund additional
capital expenditures from the cash flow provided by its operating activities.
Req. 4
Capital Acquisitions =

Industry
Average
2.62

American Eagle
Outfitters
2.39

Urban Outfitters
1.49

American Eagles capital acquisitions ratio is lower and Urban Outfitters is significantly
lower than the industry average. This implies their relative ability to fund their current
levels of capital expenditures from the cash flow provided by their operating activities
compared to the average company in the industry.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ANALYSIS CASES

CP124.
ROCKY MOUNTAIN CHOCOLATE FACTORY, INC.
Statement of Cash Flows
For the Quarter Ended May 31
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income.......................................................................
Add (deduct) to reconcile net income to net cash flow:
Depreciation expense ...........................................................
Amortization expense ...........................................................
Accounts receivable increase .............................................
Inventories increase..............................................................
Other current assets increase .............................................
Accounts payable increase..................................................
Accrued liabilities increase ..................................................
Income taxes payable decrease .........................................
Long-term accounts receivable decrease .........................
Net cash inflow from operating activities ....................

$ 163,837
276,304
5,901
(138,681)
(243,880)
(357,507)
280,935
164,087
(43,031)
11,382
$ 119,347

Cash flows from investing activities:

Fixed assets purchased ................................................. (1,081,121)
Other assets decrease .........................................................
50,055
Net cash outflow from investing activities

(1,031,066)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Repayment of short-term debt ....................................... (1,000,000)
Repayment of long-term debt.............................................. (2,355,029)
Issuance of long-term debt............................................. 4,659,466
Net cash inflow from financing activities .....................
Net increase in cash during the quarter ................................
Cash, February 29 ................................................................
Cash, May 31 ........................................................................

1,304,437
392,718
528,787
$ 921,505

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

CP125.
Date:
To:
From:
Re:

(todays date)
Supervising Analyst
(your name)
Evaluation of Carlyle Golf, Inc.s Planned Expansion

While many companies experience losses and negative cash flows during the early
years of their operations, the cash situation for Carlyle Golf is a major concern. The
company has announced plans to increase inventory by $2.2 million but there is no
obvious source to finance the acquisition of this inventory. The statement of cash flows
shows that the company has to make cash deposits with its suppliers. It is unlikely that
these suppliers will be a major source of financing for Carlyle's inventory. The company
obviously does not have enough cash on hand to finance its expansion of inventory.
The planned expansion of inventory has additional implications. The company must
have plans to expand its sales volume. There is no information in the company's report
concerning whether this expansion will require additional expenditures, such as
increased advertising or hiring new sales people. In any case, the expansion will most
likely require an increase in accounts receivable. Most companies underestimate the
amount of resources that must be tied up in inventory and accounts receivable when
they expand sales volume.
Carlyle should seek additional capital to support an increased level of operations.
Without this extra capital, it is unlikely that Carlyle can continue in business.
Instructor's note: Subsequent to this date, Carlyle sought new financing through an
initial public offering. However, the company was unable to develop a niche in this very
competitive market and was subsequently liquidated.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

CRITICAL THINKING CASES

CP126.
Req. 1
The payment from Merrill Lynch to Enron does not automatically make the Nigerian
barge transaction a sale. When a loan is established between a lender and borrower, a
similar cash payment is made between the two parties. Two other features of the
Nigerian barge transaction resemble a loan. First, the requirement that Enron arrange
for Merrill Lynch to be paid only six months after the sale is similar to a possible
requirement that a borrower repay a lender six months after a borrower receives cash in
conjunction with signing a promissory note. Second, the hefty fee paid by Enron for
temporarily obtaining the use of Merrill Lynchs funds is similar to interest that is paid by
a borrower for temporarily obtaining the use of a lenders funds.
The four revenue recognition criteria discussed in Chapter 3 are:
1) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered,
2) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for customer payment,
3) the price is fixed or determinable, and
4) collection is reasonably assured.
Without knowing about the secret side deal, its not obvious which of the four criteria
have not been fulfilled. Knowing about the side deal, however, makes it clear that the
first criterion has not been fulfilled. At the time of the initial transaction (and receipt of
cash from Merrill Lynch) Enron had a continuing obligation to ensure that Merrill Lynch
was repaid six months later. In other words, Enron had not performed all of the acts
promised to Merrill Lynch.
Req. 2
By recording the transaction as a regular sale, Enron reports the cash received as a
cash inflow from an operating activity. Had the transaction been recorded as a loan,
Enron would have reported the cash received as a cash inflow from a financing activity.
Req. 3
Most financial statement users view cash flows from operating activities as recurring
sources of cash into the future. If $100,000 of cash is generated from operations this
year, its often reasonable to expect that a similar amount will be generated next year
and the year after that and the year after that. Financing activities, on the other hand,
are not as readily recurring in the future, particularly as a company takes on more and
more debt. Eventually, lenders will stop lending if a companys liabilities grow too large.
Given these different perceptions, financial statement users attach more value to cash
generated from operating activities than from financing activities. Thus, when the
transaction is recorded as a sale, financial statement users will perceive the companys
value as greater than when the transaction is recorded as a loan.
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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

FINANCIAL REPORTING AND ANALYSIS PROJECTS

CP127.
The solutions to this case will depend on the company and/or accounting period
selected for analysis.

Financial Accounting, 8/e

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Chapter 12 - Statement of Cash Flows

CONTINUING CASE
CC12.
POOL CORPORATION
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
for the year ended December 31
(In thousands)
Operating activities
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activitites:
Depreciation
Amortization
Loss on sale of property and equipment
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Receivables
Product inventories
Prepaid expenses
Other operating assets
Accounts payable
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing activities
Acquisition of businesses
Purchases of property and equipment
Sale of property and equipment
Net cash used in investing activities

$ 71,993

9,746
1,559
263
(5,887)
(35,339)
(2,951)
8,635
6,402
20,682
75,103
(5,934)
(19,844)
200
(25,578)

Financing activities
Proceeds from revolving line of bank credit
Payments on revolving line of bank credit
Payments on long-term debt and other long-term liabilities
Other financing activities
Proceeds from stock issued under share-based compensation plans
Payments of cash dividends
Purchases of treasury stock
Net cash used in financing activities

749,349
(700,749)
(149)
944
13,085
(26,470)
(77,769)
(41,759)

Change in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

7,766
9,721
$ 17,487

12-36

Solutions Manual

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