12/24/2014

IN,ForEach&ForAllContextOperatorinBO|SAPBO,BI,Database&DatawarehouseFAQ

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IN,ForEach&ForAllContextOperatorinBO
FiledunderBO/BIAdministrationbyDeepakChaubeyon10032014
ForEachcontextoperator
TheForEachoperatoraddsdimensionstoacontext.i.e.ForEachisusedtoaddanextra
dimensionthatmightnotbeincludedintheblock(whichisvalidonlyforinputcontext).
Example:UsingForEachtoadddimensionstoacontext
ThefollowingtableshowsthemaximumrevenueforeachQuarterinareportwhichcontainsthe
Quarterdimensionbutdoesnotincludeitinthe
block:
ItispossibletocreateaformulafortheMaxQuarterlyRevenuecolumnthatdoesnotincludethe
ForEachoperator:
Max([SalesRevenue]In([Year][Quarter]))In([Year])

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UsingtheForEachcontextoperator,youcanachievethesameresultwiththefollowingformula:
Max([SalesRevenue]ForEach([Quarter]))In([Year])
Why?BecausetheYeardimensionisthedefaultinputcontextintheblock.
ByusingtheForEachoperator,youaddtheQuarterdimensiontothecontext,
givinganinputcontextof([Year][Quarter]).
ForAllcontextoperator

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TheForAllcontextoperatorremovesdimensionsfromacontext.i.e.ForAllisusedtospecifically
excludeadimension,asallvaluesofthatdimensionareused.Example:UsingForAlltoremove
dimensionsfromacontext
YouhaveareportshowingYear,QuarterandSalesRevenueandyouwanttoaddacolumnthat
showsthetotalrevenueineachyear,asshowninthe
followingblock:
Tototalrevenuesbyyeartheinputcontextneedstobe(Year)bydefault
itis(YearQuarter).Therefore,youcanremoveQuarterfromtheinput
contextbyspecifyingForAll([Quarter])intheformula,whichlookslikethis:
http://bobi.blog.com/2014/03/10/inforeachforallcontextoperatorinbo/

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12/24/2014

IN,ForEach&ForAllContextOperatorinBO|SAPBO,BI,Database&DatawarehouseFAQ

Sum([SalesRevenue]ForAll([Quarter]))
NotethatyoucanusetheInoperatortoachievethesamethinginthiscasetheformulais:
Sum([SalesRevenue]In([Year]))
ThisversionoftheformulaexplicitlyspecifiesYearasthecontext,ratherthanremovingQuarter
toleaveYear.
Simply,
InputContext:ForEach
OutputContext:ForAll

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IN:INisusedtoprovidealistofdimensionstobeconsidered,andanyotherdimensionspresent
intheblockareignored.

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Inotherword,
Inisusedtospecifyexactlywhichdimensionstoincludeinacontext.Otherdimensionsin
theblockareignored.Adding/removingelementsfromtheblockdoesnotimpactthis
calculationunlessaremoveddimensionwasspecifiedinthecontext.Inthatcasea
#MULTIVALUEerrorisdisplayed.
ForEachisusedtoincludeadimensioninacontext.Thecalculationcontextisstillaffected
byothervaluesintheblock.
ForAllisusedtoexcludeadimensionfromacontext.Otherdimensionsoftheblockwillstill
beconsidered.Addingorremovingvaluesfromablockmightchangethevalue,butitwill
alwaysignoretheForAllitems.

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Theoperatorslistedaboveallrequireoneormoredimensionsaspartoftheirsyntax.However,
calculationcontextcanbespecifiedbymorethanasetofdimensionvalues.Thereareaseriesof
reportstructurekeywordsthatcanbeusedaswell.
InReportsetsthecontextatthereportorgrandtotallevel.Anyformulawiththese
keywordsforthecontextwillreturnanoveralltotal.Notethatthetotalmaystillbeaffected
byreportfilters.
InBlocksetsthecontextforeachblocksection.ForyearsIhavebeenwaitingforthis
settingtoberenamedtoreflecthowitreallyworks,butithasnt.Isupposeitsfor
backwardscompatibility.IfthereisonlyoneblockonareportthenInBlockandIn
Reportaregoingtobethesame.Butwhenablockisbrokenupintosections,thenthis
contextwillgenerateatotalforeachsectionvalue.ForthatreasonIsubmitthatabetter
namemighthavebeenInSectioninstead,butaslongasIknowwhatitdoesthespecific
worddoesnotreallymatter.
InBodyisthestandarddefaultcontextforeachrowofdata.
WithDesktopIntelligencewehavetheoptionofInCurrentPagewhichcanbequiteusefuland
unfortunatelynotyetavailableinWebIntelligence.
Finally,thesekeywordscanappearinseveralplacesinaformula.Themostcommonarethe
inputandoutputcontextsettings,butcertainfunctions(likeRunningSum()forexample)also
havearesetcontext.
Inputcontextisusedtodeterminetheinputvaluesfortheformula.
Outputcontextisusedtodeterminetheoutputscopeoftheformula.
Resetcontextisusedtodeterminewhenarunningfunctionstartsoveratzero.
Dimensionsreferencedintheinputcontextdonothavetoappearintheblock.Outputandreset
dimensionsmustappearintheblockinordertofunctioncorrectly.Formanycalculationsthe
defaultinputcontextworksjustfine.

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